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Devianto LA, Amarasiri M, Wang L, Iizuka T, Sano D. Identification of protein biomarkers in wastewater linked to the incidence of COVID-19. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175649. [PMID: 39168326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiological (WBE) surveillance is a viable disease surveillance technique capable of monitoring the spread of infectious disease agents in sewershed communities. In addition to detecting viral genomes in wastewater, WBE surveillance can identify other endogenous biomarkers that are significantly elevated and excreted in the saliva, urine, and/or stool of infected individuals. Human protein biomarkers allow the realization of real-time WBE surveillance using highly sensitive biosensors. In this study, we analyzed endogenous protein biomarkers present in wastewater influent through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrophotometry and scaffold data-independent acquisition to identify candidate target protein biomarkers for WBE surveillance of SARS-CoV-2. We found that out of the 1382 proteins observed in the wastewater samples, 44 were human proteins associated with infectious diseases. These included immune response substances such as immunoglobulins, cytokine-chemokines, and complements, as well as proteins belonging to antimicrobial and antiviral groups. A significant correlation was observed between the intensity of human infectious disease-related protein biomarkers in wastewater and COVID-19 case numbers. Real-time WBE surveillance using biosensors targeting immune response proteins, such as antibodies or immunoglobulins, in wastewater holds promise for expediting the implementation of relevant policies for the effective prevention of infectious diseases in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhur Akbar Devianto
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Mohan Amarasiri
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Luyao Wang
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takehito Iizuka
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sano
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Wastewater Information Research Center, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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Armenta-Castro A, Núñez-Soto MT, Rodriguez-Aguillón KO, Aguayo-Acosta A, Oyervides-Muñoz MA, Snyder SA, Barceló D, Saththasivam J, Lawler J, Sosa-Hernández JE, Parra-Saldívar R. Urine biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: A new opportunity for wastewater-based epidemiology? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 184:108462. [PMID: 38335627 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
While Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, management, and care have become priorities for healthcare providers and researcher's worldwide due to rapid population aging, epidemiologic surveillance efforts are currently limited by costly, invasive diagnostic procedures, particularly in low to middle income countries (LMIC). In recent years, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a promising tool for public health assessment through detection and quantification of specific biomarkers in wastewater, but applications for non-infectious diseases such as AD remain limited. This early review seeks to summarize AD-related biomarkers and urine and other peripheral biofluids and discuss their potential integration to WBE platforms to guide the first prospective efforts in the field. Promising results have been reported in clinical settings, indicating the potential of amyloid β, tau, neural thread protein, long non-coding RNAs, oxidative stress markers and other dysregulated metabolites for AD diagnosis, but questions regarding their concentration and stability in wastewater and the correlation between clinical levels and sewage circulation must be addressed in future studies before comprehensive WBE systems can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mónica T Núñez-Soto
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Kassandra O Rodriguez-Aguillón
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Alberto Aguayo-Acosta
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Mariel Araceli Oyervides-Muñoz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Shane A Snyder
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering at the UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jayaprakash Saththasivam
- Water Center, Qatar Environment & Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Qatar
| | - Jenny Lawler
- Water Center, Qatar Environment & Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Qatar
| | - Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
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Fu Q, Chen R, Ding Y, Xu S, Huang C, He B, Jiang T, Zeng B, Bao M, Li S. Sodium intake and the risk of various types of cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1250509. [PMID: 38188872 PMCID: PMC10771828 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1250509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The existing literature on the link between sodium intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) largely consists of observational studies that have yielded inconsistent conclusions. In this study, our objective is to assess the causal relationship between sodium intake and 50 CVDs using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods MR analyses were performed to investigate the associations between urinary sodium/creatinine ratio (UNa/UCr), an indicator of sodium intake, and 50 CVDs. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) for UNa/UCr was from the UK Biobank (UKBB), and the GWASs for CVDs were from FinnGen. A false discovery rate (FDR) threshold of 5% was applied for multiple comparison correction. Results The inverse-variance weighted method indicated that the genetically predicted UNa/UCr was significantly associated with 7 of 50 CVDs, including "Coronary atherosclerosis" (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.37, 2.95), "Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries" (OR = 1.88; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.94), "Hard cardiovascular diseases" (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.35), "Ischemic heart diseases" (OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.46, 2.93), "Major coronary heart disease event" (OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.36, 2.91), "Myocardial infarction" (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.29, 3.19), and "Peripheral artery disease" (OR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.35, 4.63). Similar results were obtained with the MR-Egger and weighted median methods. No significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found in this analysis. Conclusion Our study has uncovered a significant positive causal relationship between UNa/UCr and various CVDs. These results offer a new theoretical foundation for advocating the restriction of sodium intake as a preventive measure against CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Fu
- School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Rumeng Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yining Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuling Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei, China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Binsheng He
- The Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the TCM Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Meihua Bao
- The Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the TCM Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Sen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Devianto LA, Sano D. Systematic review and meta-analysis of human health-related protein markers for realizing real-time wastewater-based epidemiology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165304. [PMID: 37419365 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
For effective implementation of the wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) approach, real-time quantification of markers in wastewater is critical for data acquisition before data interpretation, dissemination, and decision-making. This can be achieved by using biosensor technology, but whether the quantification/detection limits of different types of biosensors comply with the concentration of WBE markers in wastewater is unclear. In the present study, we identified promising protein markers with relatively high concentrations in wastewater samples and analyzed biosensor technologies that are potentially available for real-time WBE. The concentrations of potential protein markers in stool and urine samples were obtained through systematic review and meta-analysis. We examined 231 peer-review papers to collect information regarding potential protein markers that can enable us to achieve real-time monitoring using biosensor technology. Fourteen markers in stool samples were identified at the ng/g level, presumably equivalent to ng/L of wastewater after dilution. Moreover, relatively high average concentrations of fecal inflammatory proteins were observed, e.g., fecal calprotectin, clusterin, and lactoferrin. Fecal calprotectin exhibited the highest average log concentration among the markers identified in stool samples with its mean value being 5.24 [95 % CI: 5.05, 5.42] ng/g. We identified 50 protein markers in urine samples at the ng/mL level. Uromodulin (4.48 [95 % CI: 4.20, 4.76] ng/mL) and plasmin (4.18 [95 % CI: 3.15, 5.21] ng/mL) had the top two highest log concentrations in urine samples. Furthermore, the quantification limit of some electrochemical- and optical-based biosensors was found to be around the femtogram/mL level, which is sufficiently low to detect protein markers in wastewater even after dilution in sewer pipes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhur Akbar Devianto
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia.
| | - Daisuke Sano
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Wastewater Information Research Center, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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