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Li J, Liu Y, Yin C, Zeng Y, Mei Y. Structural and functional remodeling of neural networks in β-amyloid driven hippocampal hyperactivity. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 101:102468. [PMID: 39218080 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is essential for improving the patients outcomes and advancing our understanding of disease, allowing for timely intervention and treatment. However, accurate biomarkers are still lacking. Recent evidence indicates that hippocampal hyperexcitability precedes the diagnosis of AD decades ago, can predict cognitive decline. Thus, could hippocampal hyperactivity be a robust biomarker for early-AD, and what drives hippocampal hyperactivity in early-AD? these critical questions remain to be answered. Increasing clinical and experimental studies suggest that early hippocampal activation is closely associated with longitudinal β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation, Aβ aggregates, in turn, enhances hippocampal activity. Therefore, in this narrative review, we discuss the role of Aβ-induced altered intrinsic neuronal properties as well as structural and functional remodeling of glutamatergic, GABAergic, cholinergic, noradrenergic, serotonergic circuits in hippocampal hyperactivity. In addition, we analyze the available therapies and trials that can potentially be used clinically to attenuate hippocampal hyperexcitability in AD. Overall, the present review sheds lights on the mechanism behind Aβ-induced hippocampal hyperactivity, and highlights that hippocampal hyperactivity could be a robust biomarker and therapeutic target in prodromal AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Li
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Chuhui Yin
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Yufei Mei
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
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2
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Baghcheghi Y, Razazpour F, Seyedi F, Arefinia N, Hedayati-Moghadam M. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of PPARγ agonists in modulating memory impairment in neurodegenerative disorders. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:945. [PMID: 39215798 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09850-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive memory impairment and cognitive decline. This review aims to unravel the molecular mechanisms involved in the enhancement of memory function and mitigation of memory impairment through the activation of PPARγ agonists in neurodegenerative diseases. The findings suggest that PPARγ agonists modulate various molecular pathways involved in memory formation and maintenance. Activation of PPARγ enhances synaptic plasticity, promotes neuroprotection, suppresses neuroinflammation, attenuates oxidative stress, and regulates amyloid-beta metabolism. The comprehensive understanding of these molecular mechanisms would facilitate the development of novel therapeutic approaches targeting PPARγ to improve memory function and ultimately to alleviate the burden of neurodegenerative diseases. Further research, including clinical trials, is warranted to explore the efficacy, safety, and optimal use of specific PPARγ agonists as potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of memory impairments associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Baghcheghi
- Bio Environmental Health Hazards Research Center, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Fateme Razazpour
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Seyedi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Nasir Arefinia
- Bio Environmental Health Hazards Research Center, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Hedayati-Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
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3
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Gutiérrez Rico E, Joseph P, Noutsos C, Poon K. Hypothalamic and hippocampal transcriptome changes in App NL-G-F mice as a function of metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction. Neuroscience 2024; 554:107-117. [PMID: 39002757 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a silent phase that predates characteristic cognitive decline and eventually leads to active cognitive deficits. Metabolism, diet, and obesity have been correlated to the development of AD but is poorly understood. The hypothalamus is a brain region that exerts homeostatic control on food intake and metabolism and has been noted to be impacted during the active phase of Alzheimer's disease. This study, in using an amyloid overexpression AppNL-G-F mouse model under normal metabolic conditions, examines blood markers in young and old male AppNL-G-F mice (n = 5) that corresponds to the silent and active phases of AD, and bulk gene expression changes in the hypothalamus and the hippocampus. The results show a large panel of inflammatory mediators, leptin, and other proteins that may be involved in weakening the blood brain barrier, to be increased in the young AppNL-G-F mice but not in the old AppNL-G-F mice. There were also several differentially expressed genes in both the hypothalamus and the hippocampus in the young AppNL-G-F mice prior to amyloid plaque formation and cognitive decline that persisted in the old AppNL-G-F mice, including GABRa2 receptor, Wdfy1, and several pseudogenes with unknown function. These results suggests that a larger panel of inflammatory mediators may be used as blood markers to detect silent AD, and that a change in leptin and gene expression in the hypothalamus exist prior to cognitive effects, suggesting a coupling of metabolism with amyloid plaque induced cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Gutiérrez Rico
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Patricia Joseph
- SUNY Old Westbury, 223 Store Hill Rd, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Christos Noutsos
- SUNY Old Westbury, 223 Store Hill Rd, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Kinning Poon
- SUNY Old Westbury, 223 Store Hill Rd, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.
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4
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Damborsky JC, Yakel JL. Regulation of Hippocamposeptal Synaptic Transmission by GABA BRs Is Altered in 5XFAD Mice in a Sex- and Age-Dependent Manner. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:82. [PMID: 39212758 PMCID: PMC11364565 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Hippocamposeptal (HS) neurons send GABAergic projections from the hippocampus to the medial septum/diagonal band of Broca (MS/DBB) as part of a reciprocal loop that is critical for memory. HS neurons are proposed to be particularly sensitive to the deleterious effects of pathological exposure to amyloid-β (Aβ), as would occur during Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is not known how HS GABA release in the MS/DBB is altered during the progression of AD. To target HS neurons in a mouse model of AD, we crossed SST-Cre mice to 5XFAD mice and performed stereotaxic injections of Cre-dependent AAV containing mCherry/channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) into the hippocampus of offspring at 4, 6, 9, and 12 months. We used optogenetics to selectively stimulate HS terminals while performing whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from MS/DBB neurons in slices. There was a transient reduction in HS-inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) amplitude in female 5XFAD mice at 6 months, but no difference in males at any age, and no difference in paired-pulse ratio in either sex at any age. When bath applying the GABABR agonist, baclofen, we found a larger decrease in HS-IPSC amplitude in 5XFAD females at 9 months and 5XFAD males at 12 months. In 12-month-old 5XFAD females, response to baclofen was significantly reduced. These data suggest that there is a transient increase in responsiveness to GABABR activation in 5XFAD mice that occurs earlier in females than in males. These sex-specific changes to HS function are likely to impact the relay of information between the hippocampus and MS/DBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne C Damborsky
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 111 TW Alexander Dr., P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop F2-08, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Jerrel L Yakel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 111 TW Alexander Dr., P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop F2-08, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
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5
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Gadhave DG, Sugandhi VV, Jha SK, Nangare SN, Gupta G, Singh SK, Dua K, Cho H, Hansbro PM, Paudel KR. Neurodegenerative disorders: Mechanisms of degeneration and therapeutic approaches with their clinical relevance. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102357. [PMID: 38830548 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are expected to pose a significant challenge for both medicine and public health in the upcoming years due to global demographic changes. NDs are mainly represented by degeneration/loss of neurons, which is primarily accountable for severe mental illness. This neuronal degeneration leads to many neuropsychiatric problems and permanent disability in an individual. Moreover, the tight junction of the brain, blood-brain barrier (BBB)has a protective feature, functioning as a biological barrier that can prevent medicines, toxins, and foreign substances from entering the brain. However, delivering any medicinal agent to the brain in NDs (i.e., Multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, etc.) is enormously challenging. There are many approved therapies to address NDs, but most of them only help treat the associated manifestations. The available therapies have failed to control the progression of NDs due to certain factors, i.e., BBB and drug-associated undesirable effects. NDs have extremely complex pathology, with many pathogenic mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression; thereby, a limited survival rate has been observed in ND patients. Hence, understanding the exact mechanism behind NDs is crucial to developing alternative approaches for improving ND patients' survival rates. Thus, the present review sheds light on different cellular mechanisms involved in NDs and novel therapeutic approaches with their clinical relevance, which will assist researchers in developing alternate strategies to address the limitations of conventional ND therapies. The current work offers the scope into the near future to improve the therapeutic approach of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dnyandev G Gadhave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dattakala Shikshan Sanstha's, Dattakala College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Swami Chincholi, Daund, Pune, Maharashtra 413130, India; College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Vrashabh V Sugandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Dattakala Shikshan Sanstha's, Dattakala College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Swami Chincholi, Daund, Pune, Maharashtra 413130, India; College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Saurav Kumar Jha
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Sopan N Nangare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun
| | - Hyunah Cho
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia.
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun; Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia.
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6
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Kuhn YA, Egger S, Bugnon M, Lehmann N, Taubert M, Taube W. Age-related decline in GABAergic intracortical inhibition can be counteracted by long-term learning of balance skills. J Physiol 2024; 602:3737-3753. [PMID: 38949035 DOI: 10.1113/jp285706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ageing induces a decline in GABAergic intracortical inhibition, which seems to be associated not only with decremental changes in well-being, sleep quality, cognition and pain management but also with impaired motor control. So far, little is known regarding whether targeted interventions can prevent the decline of intracortical inhibition in the primary motor cortex in the elderly. Therefore, the present study investigated whether age-related cortical dis-inhibition could be reversed after 6 months of balance learning and whether improvements in postural control correlated with the extent of reversed dis-inhibition. The results demonstrated that intracortical inhibition can be upregulated in elderly subjects after long-term balance learning and revealed a correlation between changes in balance performance and intracortical inhibition. This is the first study to show physical activity-related upregulation of GABAergic inhibition in a population with chronic dis-inhibition and may therefore be seminal for many pathologies in which the equilibrium between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters is disturbed. KEY POINTS: Ageing induces a decline in GABAergic intracortical inhibition. So far, little is known regarding whether targeted interventions can prevent the decline of intracortical inhibition in the primary motor cortex in the elderly. After 6 months of balance learning, intracortical inhibition can be upregulated in elderly subjects. The results of this study also revealed a correlation between changes in balance performance and intracortical inhibition. This is the first study to show physical activity-related upregulation of GABAergic inhibition in a population with chronic dis-inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves-Alain Kuhn
- Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sven Egger
- Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Bugnon
- Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nico Lehmann
- Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Faculty of Humanities, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 1436 Neural Resources of Cognition, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marco Taubert
- Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Faculty of Humanities, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 1436 Neural Resources of Cognition, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Taube
- Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Wang J, Zhou C, Huang Z, Ji X, Cui R, Kang Y, Zhang G, Wang Y, Zhang T. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Mediated Neuroprotection in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Through GABRG2 and SNAP25 Modulation. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04354-7. [PMID: 39052185 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading neurodegenerative disorder with substantial impacts on cognition and behavior. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, has been used to treat various neuropsychiatric disorders, but its efficacy in AD has not been thoroughly investigated. This study examines the neuroprotective effects of rTMS in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD, with a particular focus on its modulation of GABAergic neuronal activity via the GABRG2 and SNAP25 proteins. Transcriptomic sequencing of rTMS-treated 5xFAD mice revealed 32 genes influenced by the treatment, among which GABRG2 was identified as a critical modulatory target. Electrophysiological assessments, including whole-cell patch clamp recordings from frontal cortex neurons, demonstrated significant alterations in inhibitory synaptic currents following rTMS. Subsequent experiments involved sh-GABRG2 transduction combined with rTMS treatment (20Hz, 14 days), examining behavioral responses, GABAergic neuron functionality, cortical GABA expression, cerebrospinal fluid GABA concentrations, β-amyloid accumulation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. The results indicated notable improvements in behavioral performance, enhanced functionality of GABAergic neurons, and reductions in β-amyloid deposition and neuroinflammation after rTMS treatment. Further analysis revealed that SNAP25 overexpression could counteract the negative effects of GABRG2 silencing, highlighting the crucial role of SNAP25 downstream of GABRG2 in mediating rTMS's therapeutic effects in AD. This research highlights rTMS's potential to modulate synaptic and vesicular transport mechanisms, offering a promising avenue for ameliorating symptoms of AD through neuroprotective pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Chenming Zhou
- Core Facilities and Centers, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital, Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County, Chongqing, 409100, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Donglu No.361, ShijiazhuangHebei Province, 050017, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Rui Cui
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yunxiao Kang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Donglu No.361, ShijiazhuangHebei Province, 050017, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Donglu No.361, ShijiazhuangHebei Province, 050017, China
| | - Tianyun Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Donglu No.361, ShijiazhuangHebei Province, 050017, China.
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8
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Jantsch J, da Silva Rodrigues F, Silva Dias V, de Farias Fraga G, Eller S, Giovenardi M, Guedes RP. Calorie Restriction Attenuates Memory Impairment and Reduces Neuroinflammation in Obese Aged Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04360-9. [PMID: 39037530 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and aging collectively potentiate inflammatory responses, particularly within the central nervous system. Managing obesity presents a significant challenge, even more so considering the context of aging. Caloric restriction (CR) has been extensively documented in the literature for its multiple health benefits. Motivated by these findings, we hypothesized that CR could serve as a valuable intervention to address the brain alterations and cognitive decline associated with obesity in aged rats. Our investigation revealed that cafeteria diet increased hippocampal and hypothalamic transcripts related to neuroinflammation, along with cognitive deficits determined in the object recognition test in 18-month-old male rats. Western blot data indicate that the obesogenic diet may disrupt the blood-brain barrier and lead to an increase in Toll-like receptor 4 in the hippocampus, events that could contribute to the cognitive deficits observed. Implementing CR after the onset of obesity mitigated neuroinflammatory changes and cognitive impairments. We found that CR increases GABA levels in the hippocampus of aged animals, as demonstrated by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis. These findings underscore the potential of CR as a therapeutic opportunity to ameliorate the neuroinflammatory and cognitive alterations of obesity, especially in the context of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeferson Jantsch
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Fernanda da Silva Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Victor Silva Dias
- Biomedical Science Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Farias Fraga
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Sarah Eller
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Márcia Giovenardi
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Renata Padilha Guedes
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil.
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9
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Akyuz E, Arulsamy A, Aslan FS, Sarisözen B, Guney B, Hekimoglu A, Yilmaz BN, Retinasamy T, Shaikh MF. An Expanded Narrative Review of Neurotransmitters on Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Therapeutic Interventions on Neurotransmission. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04333-y. [PMID: 39012443 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles are the key players responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease. The accumulation of Aβ plaques and tau affect the balance in chemical neurotransmitters in the brain. Thus, the current review examined the role of neurotransmitters in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and discusses the alterations in the neurochemical activity and cross talk with their receptors and transporters. In the presence of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, changes may occur in the expression of neuronal receptors which in turn triggers excessive release of glutamate into the synaptic cleft contributing to cell death and neuronal damage. The GABAergic system may also be affected by AD pathology in a similar way. In addition, decreased receptors in the cholinergic system and dysfunction in the dopamine neurotransmission of AD pathology may also contribute to the damage to cognitive function. Moreover, the presence of deficiencies in noradrenergic neurons within the locus coeruleus in AD suggests that noradrenergic stimulation could be useful in addressing its pathophysiology. The regulation of melatonin, known for its effectiveness in enhancing cognitive function and preventing Aβ accumulation, along with the involvement of the serotonergic system and histaminergic system in cognition and memory, becomes remarkable for promoting neurotransmission in AD. Additionally, nitric oxide and adenosine-based therapeutic approaches play a protective role in AD by preventing neuroinflammation. Overall, neurotransmitter-based therapeutic strategies emerge as pivotal for addressing neurotransmitter homeostasis and neurotransmission in the context of AD. This review discussed the potential for neurotransmitter-based drugs to be effective in slowing and correcting the neurodegenerative processes in AD by targeting the neurochemical imbalance in the brain. Therefore, neurotransmitter-based drugs could serve as a future therapeutic strategy to tackle AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enes Akyuz
- Department of Biophysics, International School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alina Arulsamy
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | - Bugra Sarisözen
- School of Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Beyzanur Guney
- International School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Beyza Nur Yilmaz
- International School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Thaarvena Retinasamy
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, 2800, Australia.
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10
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Petro NM, Webert LK, Springer SD, Okelberry HJ, John JA, Horne LK, Glesinger R, Rempe MP, Wilson TW. Optimal gamma-band entrainment of visual cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26775. [PMID: 38970249 PMCID: PMC11226544 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Visual entrainment is a powerful and widely used research tool to study visual information processing in the brain. While many entrainment studies have focused on frequencies around 14-16 Hz, there is renewed interest in understanding visual entrainment at higher frequencies (e.g., gamma-band entrainment). Notably, recent groundbreaking studies have demonstrated that gamma-band visual entrainment at 40 Hz may have therapeutic effects in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by stimulating specific neural ensembles, which utilize GABAergic signaling. Despite such promising findings, few studies have investigated the optimal parameters for gamma-band visual entrainment. Herein, we examined whether visual stimulation at 32, 40, or 48 Hz produces optimal visual entrainment responses using high-density magnetoencephalography (MEG). Our results indicated strong entrainment responses localizing to the primary visual cortex in each condition. Entrainment responses were stronger for 32 and 40 Hz relative to 48 Hz, indicating more robust synchronization of neural ensembles at these lower gamma-band frequencies. In addition, 32 and 40 Hz entrainment responses showed typical patterns of habituation across trials, but this effect was absent for 48 Hz. Finally, connectivity between visual cortex and parietal and prefrontal cortices tended to be strongest for 40 relative to 32 and 48 Hz entrainment. These results suggest that neural ensembles in the visual cortex may resonate at around 32 and 40 Hz and thus entrain more readily to photic stimulation at these frequencies. Emerging AD therapies, which have focused on 40 Hz entrainment to date, may be more effective at lower relative to higher gamma frequencies, although additional work in clinical populations is needed to confirm these findings. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Gamma-band visual entrainment has emerged as a therapeutic approach for eliminating amyloid in Alzheimer's disease, but its optimal parameters are unknown. We found stronger entrainment at 32 and 40 Hz compared to 48 Hz, suggesting neural ensembles prefer to resonate around these relatively lower gamma-band frequencies. These findings may inform the development and refinement of innovative AD therapies and the study of GABAergic visual cortical functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M. Petro
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Lauren K. Webert
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Seth D. Springer
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC)OmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Hannah J. Okelberry
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Jason A. John
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Lucy K. Horne
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Ryan Glesinger
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Maggie P. Rempe
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC)OmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Tony W. Wilson
- Institute for Human NeuroscienceBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC)OmahaNebraskaUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and NeuroscienceCreighton UniversityOmahaNebraskaUSA
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11
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Deng XH, Liu XY, Wei YH, Wang K, Zhu JR, Zhong JJ, Zheng JY, Guo R, Zhu YF, Ye QH, Wang MD, Chen YJ, He JQ, Chen ZX, Huang SQ, Lv CS, Zheng GQ, Liu SF, Wen L. ErbB4 deficiency exacerbates olfactory dysfunction in an early-stage Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01332-6. [PMID: 38982150 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an early indicator of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aberrations in GABAergic function and the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance within the olfactory bulb (OB) have been implicated in olfactory impairment during the initial stages of AD. While the neuregulin 1 (NRG1)/ErbB4 signaling pathway is known to regulate GABAergic transmission in the brain and is associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders, its specific role in early AD-related olfactory impairment remains incompletely understood. This study demonstrated that olfactory dysfunction preceded cognitive decline in young adult APP/PS1 mice and was characterized by reduced levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 in the OB. Further investigation revealed that deletion of ErbB4 in parvalbumin interneurons reduced GABAergic transmission and increased hyperexcitability in mitral and tufted cells (M/Ts) in the OB, thereby accelerating olfactory dysfunction in young adult APP/PS1 mice. Additionally, ErbB4 deficiency was associated with increased accumulation of Aβ and BACE1-mediated cleavage of APP, along with enhanced CDK5 signaling in the OB. NRG1 infusion into the OB was found to enhance GABAergic transmission in M/Ts and alleviate olfactory dysfunction in young adult APP/PS1 mice. These findings underscore the critical role of NRG1/ErbB4 signaling in regulating GABAergic transmission and E/I balance within the OB, contributing to olfactory impairment in young adult APP/PS1 mice, and provide novel insights for early intervention strategies in AD. This work has shown that ErbB4 deficiency increased the burden of Aβ, impaired GABAergic transmission, and disrupted the E/I balance of mitral and tufted cells (M/Ts) in the OB, ultimately resulting in olfactory dysfunction in young adult APP/PS1 mice. NRG1 could enhance GABAergic transmission, rescue E/I imbalance in M/Ts, and alleviate olfactory dysfunction in young adult APP/PS1 mice. OB: olfactory bulb, E/I: excitation/inhibition, Pr: probability of release, PV: parvalbumin interneurons, Aβ: β-amyloid, GABA: gamma-aminobutyric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Hua Deng
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xing-Yang Liu
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yi-Hua Wei
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jun-Rong Zhu
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Jia-Jun Zhong
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Zheng
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhu
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Ye
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Meng-Dan Wang
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Ying-Jie Chen
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Jian-Quan He
- Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Ze-Xu Chen
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Shu-Qiong Huang
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Chong-Shan Lv
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Sui-Feng Liu
- Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
| | - Lei Wen
- Center for Brain Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
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12
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Dashkova AS, Kovalev VI, Chaplygina AV, Zhdanova DY, Bobkova NV. Unique Properties of Synaptosomes and Prospects for Their Use for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1031-1044. [PMID: 38981699 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924060051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative condition affecting millions worldwide. Prevalence of AD correlates with increased life expectancy and aging population in the developed countries. Considering that AD is a multifactorial disease involving various pathological processes such as synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and improper protein folding, a comprehensive approach targeting multiple pathways may prove effective in slowing the disease progression. Cellular therapy and its further development in the form of cell vesicle and particularly mitochondrial transplantation represent promising approaches for treating neurodegeneration. The use of synaptosomes, due to uniqueness of their contents, could mark a new stage in the development of comprehensive therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, particularly AD. Synaptosomes contain unique memory mitochondria, which differ not only in size but also in functionality compared to the mitochondria in the neuronal soma. These synaptosomal mitochondria actively participate in cellular communication and signal transmission within synapses. Synaptosomes also contain other elements such as their own protein synthesis machinery, synaptic vesicles with neurotransmitters, synaptic adhesion molecules, and microRNAs - all crucial for synaptic transmission and, consequently, cognitive processes. Complex molecular ensemble ensures maintenance of the synaptic autonomy of mitochondria. Additionally, synaptosomes, with their affinity for neurons, can serve as an optimal platform for targeted drug delivery to nerve cells. This review discusses unique composition of synaptosomes, their capabilities and advantages, as well as limitations of their suggested use as therapeutic agents for treating neurodegenerative pathologies, particularly AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla S Dashkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Kovalev
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Alina V Chaplygina
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Daria Yu Zhdanova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Natalia V Bobkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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13
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Cheng H, Chen D, Li X, Al-Sheikh U, Duan D, Fan Y, Zhu L, Zeng W, Hu Z, Tong X, Zhao G, Zhang Y, Zou W, Duan S, Kang L. Phasic/tonic glial GABA differentially transduce for olfactory adaptation and neuronal aging. Neuron 2024; 112:1473-1486.e6. [PMID: 38447577 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Phasic (fast) and tonic (sustained) inhibition of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are fundamental for regulating day-to-day activities, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. However, the mechanisms and physiological functions of glial GABA transductions remain poorly understood. Here, we report that the AMsh glia in Caenorhabditis elegans exhibit both phasic and tonic GABAergic signaling, which distinctively regulate olfactory adaptation and neuronal aging. Through genetic screening, we find that GABA permeates through bestrophin-9/-13/-14 anion channels from AMsh glia, which primarily activate the metabolic GABAB receptor GBB-1 in the neighboring ASH sensory neurons. This tonic action of glial GABA regulates the age-associated changes of ASH neurons and olfactory responses via a conserved signaling pathway, inducing neuroprotection. In addition, the calcium-evoked, vesicular glial GABA release acts upon the ionotropic GABAA receptor LGC-38 in ASH neurons to regulate olfactory adaptation. These findings underscore the fundamental significance of glial GABA in maintaining healthy aging and neuronal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankui Cheng
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Du Chen
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Umar Al-Sheikh
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Duo Duan
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yuedan Fan
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Linhui Zhu
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Wanxin Zeng
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhitao Hu
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Xiajing Tong
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Wenjuan Zou
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Lijun Kang
- Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain machine Integration, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
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14
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Sharma M, Pal P, Gupta SK. The neurotransmitter puzzle of Alzheimer's: Dissecting mechanisms and exploring therapeutic horizons. Brain Res 2024; 1829:148797. [PMID: 38342422 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) represents a complex interplay of neurological pathways and molecular mechanisms, with significant impacts on patients' lives. This review synthesizes the latest developments in AD research, focusing on both the scientific advancements and their clinical implications. We examine the role of microglia in AD, highlighting their contribution to the disease's inflammatory aspects. The cholinergic hypothesis, a cornerstone of AD research, is re-evaluated, including the role of Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in disease progression. This review places particular emphasis on the neurotransmission systems, exploring the therapeutic potential of GABAergic neurotransmitters and the role of NMDA inhibitors in the context of glutamatergic neurotransmission. By analyzing the interactions and implications of neurotransmitter pathways in AD, we aim to shed light on emerging therapeutic strategies. In addition to molecular insights, the review addresses the clinical and personal aspects of AD, underscoring the need for patient-centered approaches in treatment and care. The final section looks at the future directions of AD research and treatment, discussing the integration of scientific innovation with patient care. This review aims to provide a comprehensive update on AD, merging scientific insights with practical considerations, suitable for both specialists and those new to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Pal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sukesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, USA.
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15
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Moguilner S, Herzog R, Perl YS, Medel V, Cruzat J, Coronel C, Kringelbach M, Deco G, Ibáñez A, Tagliazucchi E. Biophysical models applied to dementia patients reveal links between geographical origin, gender, disease duration, and loss of neural inhibition. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:79. [PMID: 38605416 PMCID: PMC11008050 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothesis of decreased neural inhibition in dementia has been sparsely studied in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data across patients with different dementia subtypes, and the role of social and demographic heterogeneities on this hypothesis remains to be addressed. METHODS We inferred regional inhibition by fitting a biophysical whole-brain model (dynamic mean field model with realistic inter-areal connectivity) to fMRI data from 414 participants, including patients with Alzheimer's disease, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, and controls. We then investigated the effect of disease condition, and demographic and clinical variables on the local inhibitory feedback, a variable related to the maintenance of balanced neural excitation/inhibition. RESULTS Decreased local inhibitory feedback was inferred from the biophysical modeling results in dementia patients, specific to brain areas presenting neurodegeneration. This loss of local inhibition correlated positively with years with disease, and showed differences regarding the gender and geographical origin of the patients. The model correctly reproduced known disease-related changes in functional connectivity. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest a critical link between abnormal neural and circuit-level excitability levels, the loss of grey matter observed in dementia, and the reorganization of functional connectivity, while highlighting the sensitivity of the underlying biophysical mechanism to demographic and clinical heterogeneities in the patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Moguilner
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diag. Las Torres 2640, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Peñalolén, 7941169, Chile
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Vito Dumas 284, B1644BID, Buenos Aires, VIC, Argentina
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Trinity College Dublin, Lloyd Building Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Rubén Herzog
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diag. Las Torres 2640, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Peñalolén, 7941169, Chile
| | - Yonatan Sanz Perl
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Vito Dumas 284, B1644BID, Buenos Aires, VIC, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, 1425, Argentina
- Institute of Applied and Interdisciplinary Physics and Department of Physics, University of Buenos Aires, Pabellón 1, Ciudad Universitaria, CABA, 1428, Argentina
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Plaça de La Mercè, 10-12, Barcelona, 08002, Spain
| | - Vicente Medel
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diag. Las Torres 2640, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Peñalolén, 7941169, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Harrington 287, Valparaíso, 2381850, Chile
| | - Josefina Cruzat
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diag. Las Torres 2640, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Peñalolén, 7941169, Chile
| | - Carlos Coronel
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diag. Las Torres 2640, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Peñalolén, 7941169, Chile
| | - Morten Kringelbach
- Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, St.Cross Rd, Oxford, OX1 3JA, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Ln, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
- Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 82, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Plaça de La Mercè, 10-12, Barcelona, 08002, Spain
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1a, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Rd,, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diag. Las Torres 2640, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Peñalolén, 7941169, Chile.
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), 1207 1651 4th St, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Vito Dumas 284, B1644BID, Buenos Aires, VIC, Argentina.
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, 152 - 160 Pearse St, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland.
- Trinity College Dublin, Lloyd Building Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland.
| | - Enzo Tagliazucchi
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diag. Las Torres 2640, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Peñalolén, 7941169, Chile.
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Vito Dumas 284, B1644BID, Buenos Aires, VIC, Argentina.
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, CABA, 1425, Argentina.
- Institute of Applied and Interdisciplinary Physics and Department of Physics, University of Buenos Aires, Pabellón 1, Ciudad Universitaria, CABA, 1428, Argentina.
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16
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Fu X, Sun P, Zhang X, Zhu D, Qin Q, Lu J, Wang J. GABA in the anterior cingulate cortex mediates the association of white matter hyperintensities with executive function: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4282-4298. [PMID: 38441529 PMCID: PMC10968699 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
White matter hyperintensities (WMH) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are associated with executive function. Multiple studies suggested cortical alterations mediate WMH-related cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to investigate the crucial role of cortical GABA in the WMH patients. In the 87 WMH patients (46 mild and 41 moderate to severe) examined in this study, GABA levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) assessed by the Meshcher-Garwood point resolved spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) sequence, WMH volume and executive function were compared between the two groups. Partial correlation and mediation analyses were carried out to examine the GABA levels in mediating the association between WMH volume and executive function. Patients with moderate to severe WMH had lower GABA+/Cr in the ACC (p = 0.034) and worse executive function (p = 0.004) than mild WMH patients. In all WMH cases, the GABA+/Cr levels in the ACC mediated the negative correlation between WMH and executive function (ab: effect = -0.020, BootSE = 0.010, 95% CI: -0.042 to -0.004). This finding suggested GABA+/Cr levels in the ACC might serve as a protective factor or potential target for preventing the occurrence and progression of executive function decline in WMH people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Fu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Clinical and Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing 100600, China
| | - Xinli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dongyong Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qian Qin
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jue Lu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430030, China
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17
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Velu L, Pellerin L, Julian A, Paccalin M, Giraud C, Fayolle P, Guillevin R, Guillevin C. Early rise of glutamate-glutamine levels in mild cognitive impairment: Evidence for emerging excitotoxicity. J Neuroradiol 2024; 51:168-175. [PMID: 37777087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) non invasive technique to assess the modifications of glutamate-glutamine (Glx) and gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA) brain levels in patients reporting a cognitive complain METHODS: Posterior cingular cortex 1H-MRS spectra of 46 patients (19 male, 27 female) aged 57 to 87 years (mean : 73.32 ± 7.33 years) with a cognitive complaint were examined with a MEGA PRESS sequence at 3T, and compounds Glutamateglutamine (Glx), GABA, Creatine (Cr) and NAA were measured. From this data the metabolite ratios Glx/Cr, GABA/Cr and NAA/Cr were calculated. In addition, all patient performed the Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) and 2 groups were realized with the clinical threshold of 24. RESULTS 16 patients with MMSE 〈 24 and 30 patients with MMSE 〉 24. Significant increase of Glx/Cr in PCC of patients with MMSE 〈 24 compared to patients with MMSE 〉 24. Moreover, GABA/Cr ratio exhibited a trend for a decrease in PCC between the two groups, while they showed a significant decrease NAA/Cr ratio. CONCLUSION Our results concerning Glx are in agreement with a physiopathological hypothesis involving a biphasic variation of glutamate levels associated with excitotoxicity, correlated with the clinical evolution of the disease. These observations suggest that MRS assessment of glutamate levels could be helpful for both diagnosis and classification of cognitive impairment in stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Velu
- University Hospital center of Poitiers, Department of Imaging, France
| | - Luc Pellerin
- University of Poitiers and University Hospital center of Poitiers, France
| | - Adrien Julian
- University Hospital Center of Poitiers, Department of neurology, France
| | - Marc Paccalin
- University Hospital Center of Poitiers, Department of neurology, France
| | - Clément Giraud
- University Hospital center of Poitiers, Department of Imaging, France
| | - Pierre Fayolle
- University Hospital center of Poitiers, Department of Imaging, France
| | - Rémy Guillevin
- University Hospital center of Poitiers, Department of Imaging, France
| | - Carole Guillevin
- University Hospital center of Poitiers, Department of Imaging, France.
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Al‐kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Elewa YHA, AL‐Farga A, Aqlan F, Zahran MH, Batiha GE. Sleep disorders cause Parkinson's disease or the reverse is true: Good GABA good night. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14521. [PMID: 38491789 PMCID: PMC10943276 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disease due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) presented with motor and non-motor symptoms. PD symptoms are developed in response to the disturbance of diverse neurotransmitters including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA has a neuroprotective effect against PD neuropathology by protecting DNs in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). It has been shown that the degeneration of GABAergic neurons is linked with the degeneration of DNs and the progression of motor and non-motor PD symptoms. GABA neurotransmission is a necessary pathway for normal sleep patterns, thus deregulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in PD could be the potential cause of sleep disorders in PD. AIM Sleep disorders affect GABA neurotransmission leading to memory and cognitive dysfunction in PD. For example, insomnia and short sleep duration are associated with a reduction of brain GABA levels. Moreover, PD-related disorders including rigidity and nocturia influence sleep patterns leading to fragmented sleep which may also affect PD neuropathology. However, the mechanistic role of GABA in PD neuropathology regarding motor and non-motor symptoms is not fully elucidated. Therefore, this narrative review aims to clarify the mechanistic role of GABA in PD neuropathology mainly in sleep disorders, and how good GABA improves PD. In addition, this review of published articles tries to elucidate how sleep disorders such as insomnia and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) affect PD neuropathology and severity. The present review has many limitations including the paucity of prospective studies and most findings are taken from observational and preclinical studies. GABA involvement in the pathogenesis of PD has been recently discussed by recent studies. Therefore, future prospective studies regarding the use of GABA agonists in the management of PD are suggested to observe their distinct effects on motor and non-motor symptoms. CONCLUSION There is a bidirectional relationship between the pathogenesis of PD and sleep disorders which might be due to GABA deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al‐kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali K. Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineAl‐Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Yaser Hosny Ali Elewa
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Ammar AL‐Farga
- Biochemistry Department, College of SciencesUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudia Arbia
| | - Faisal Aqlan
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesIbb UniversityIbb GovernorateYemen
| | | | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhur UniversityDamanhurEgypt
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19
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Tzavellas NP, Tsamis KI, Katsenos AP, Davri AS, Simos YV, Nikas IP, Bellos S, Lekkas P, Kanellos FS, Konitsiotis S, Labrakakis C, Vezyraki P, Peschos D. Firing Alterations of Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease: Are They Merely a Consequence of Pathogenesis or a Pivotal Component of Disease Progression? Cells 2024; 13:434. [PMID: 38474398 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, yet its underlying causes remain elusive. The conventional perspective on disease pathogenesis attributes alterations in neuronal excitability to molecular changes resulting in synaptic dysfunction. Early hyperexcitability is succeeded by a progressive cessation of electrical activity in neurons, with amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers and tau protein hyperphosphorylation identified as the initial events leading to hyperactivity. In addition to these key proteins, voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels play a decisive role in the altered electrical properties of neurons in AD. Impaired synaptic function and reduced neuronal plasticity contribute to a vicious cycle, resulting in a reduction in the number of synapses and synaptic proteins, impacting their transportation inside the neuron. An understanding of these neurophysiological alterations, combined with abnormalities in the morphology of brain cells, emerges as a crucial avenue for new treatment investigations. This review aims to delve into the detailed exploration of electrical neuronal alterations observed in different AD models affecting single neurons and neuronal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos P Tzavellas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos I Tsamis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Ioannina, 455 00 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Andreas P Katsenos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Athena S Davri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Yannis V Simos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ilias P Nikas
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, 2029 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Stefanos Bellos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Lekkas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Foivos S Kanellos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Spyridon Konitsiotis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Ioannina, 455 00 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Charalampos Labrakakis
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Patra Vezyraki
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
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20
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Duan Y, Rui Q, Yang Y, Tian J, Cao S, Zhu F, Duan X, Gao H, Ji X, Xiao X, Li Y, Xue Q. Correlation of GABA + levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and circulating follicular helper T cells in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients with cognitive impairment. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3433. [PMID: 38383066 PMCID: PMC10881283 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) associated with cognitive impairment (CI) is acknowledged. However, the underlying pathogenesis and involvement of the immune system remain unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the alterations in immune cells, cytokines, and GABA+ levels in NMOSD patients with cognitive deficits. METHODS Thirty-eight NMOSD patients and 38 healthy controls (HCs) were included. NMOSD patients were stratified as NMOSD-CI and NMOSD-CP groups. The difference in cognitive functions, Tfh and cytokines, and GABA+ levels were assessed, and their correlations were calculated. RESULTS NMOSD-CI patients showed worse performance on all cognitive tests, and the percentage of circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh) was significantly elevated. The frequency of cTfh was positively and negatively correlated with Stroop-A and AVLT long-delayed scores, respectively. IL-21 was remarkably higher in NMOSD-CI and NMOSD-CP. The level of GABA+ in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was significantly decreased in NMOSD-CI and was proved positively and negatively correlated with Symbol Digit Modalities Test and the frequency of circulating Tfh cells, respectively. CONCLUSION In NMOSD-CI patients, all cognitive domains were impacted, , while GABA+ levels in mPFC were decreased. GABA+ levels in NMOSD-CI were negatively correlated with the frequency of cTfh, suggesting the underlying coupling mechanism between immune responses and neurotransmitter metabolism in CI in NMOSD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Duan
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Qianyun Rui
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jingluan Tian
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shugang Cao
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Department of NeurologySecond People's Hospital of HefeiHefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyu Duan
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Hanqing Gao
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaopei Ji
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xinyi Xiao
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Institute of Medical ImagingSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Qun Xue
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Clinical Research Center of Neurology, Jiangsu Institute of Clinical ImmunologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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21
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Niraula S, Yan SS, Subramanian J. Amyloid Pathology Impairs Experience-Dependent Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0702232023. [PMID: 38050105 PMCID: PMC10860629 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0702-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease patients and mouse models exhibit aberrant neuronal activity and altered excitatory-to-inhibitory synaptic ratio. Using multicolor two-photon microscopy, we test how amyloid pathology alters the structural dynamics of excitatory and inhibitory synapses and their adaptation to altered visual experience in vivo in the visual cortex. We show that the baseline dynamics of mature excitatory synapses and their adaptation to visual deprivation are not altered in amyloidosis. Likewise, the baseline dynamics of inhibitory synapses are not affected. In contrast, visual deprivation fails to induce inhibitory synapse loss in amyloidosis, a phenomenon observed in nonpathological conditions. Intriguingly, inhibitory synapse loss associated with visual deprivation in nonpathological mice is accompanied by subtle broadening of spontaneous but not visually evoked calcium transients. However, such broadening does not manifest in the context of amyloidosis. We also show that excitatory and inhibitory synapse loss is locally clustered under the nonpathological state. In contrast, a fraction of synapse loss is not locally clustered in amyloidosis, indicating an impairment in inhibitory synapse adaptation to changes in excitatory synaptic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Niraula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Shirley ShiDu Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
- Department of Surgery, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Jaichandar Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
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22
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Hijazi S, Smit AB, van Kesteren RE. Fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive interneurons in brain physiology and Alzheimer's disease. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4954-4967. [PMID: 37419975 PMCID: PMC11041664 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Fast-spiking parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are inhibitory interneurons with unique morphological and functional properties that allow them to precisely control local circuitry, brain networks and memory processing. Since the discovery in 1987 that PV is expressed in a subset of fast-spiking GABAergic inhibitory neurons, our knowledge of the complex molecular and physiological properties of these cells has been expanding. In this review, we highlight the specific properties of PV neurons that allow them to fire at high frequency and with high reliability, enabling them to control network oscillations and shape the encoding, consolidation and retrieval of memories. We next discuss multiple studies reporting PV neuron impairment as a critical step in neuronal network dysfunction and cognitive decline in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Finally, we propose potential mechanisms underlying PV neuron dysfunction in AD and we argue that early changes in PV neuron activity could be a causal step in AD-associated network and memory impairment and a significant contributor to disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hijazi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - August B Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald E van Kesteren
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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23
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Carello-Collar G, Bellaver B, Ferreira PCL, Ferrari-Souza JP, Ramos VG, Therriault J, Tissot C, De Bastiani MA, Soares C, Pascoal TA, Rosa-Neto P, Souza DO, Zimmer ER. The GABAergic system in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5025-5036. [PMID: 37419974 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system is the primary inhibitory neurotransmission system in the mammalian brain. Its dysregulation has been shown in multiple brain conditions, but in Alzheimer's disease (AD) studies have provided contradictory results. Here, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate whether the GABAergic system is altered in AD patients compared to healthy controls (HC), following the PRISMA 2020 Statement. We searched PubMed and Web of Science from database inception to March 18th, 2023 for studies reporting GABA, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) 65/67, GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors, GABA transporters (GAT) 1-3 and vesicular GAT in the brain, and GABA levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. Heterogeneity was estimated using the I2 index, and the risk of bias was assessed with an adapted questionnaire from the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. The search identified 3631 articles, and 48 met the final inclusion criteria (518 HC, mean age 72.2, and 603 AD patients, mean age 75.6). Random-effects meta-analysis [standardized mean difference (SMD)] revealed that AD patients presented lower GABA levels in the brain (SMD = -0.48 [95% CI = -0.7, -0.27], adjusted p value (adj. p) < 0.001) and in the CSF (-0.41 [-0.72, -0.09], adj. p = 0.042), but not in the blood (-0.63 [-1.35, 0.1], adj. p = 0.176). In addition, GAD65/67 (-0.67 [-1.15, -0.2], adj. p = 0.006), GABAA receptor (-0.51 [-0.7, -0.33], adj. p < 0.001), and GABA transporters (-0.51 [-0.92, -0.09], adj. p = 0.016) were lower in the AD brain. Here, we showed a global reduction of GABAergic system components in the brain and lower GABA levels in the CSF of AD patients. Our findings suggest the GABAergic system is vulnerable to AD pathology and should be considered a potential target for developing pharmacological strategies and novel AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Carello-Collar
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bellaver
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Pamela C L Ferreira
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - João Pedro Ferrari-Souza
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Vanessa G Ramos
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Joseph Therriault
- McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Cécile Tissot
- McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Marco A De Bastiani
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Carolina Soares
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Tharick A Pascoal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Diogo O Souza
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Zimmer
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
- McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande Do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
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24
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Rivera J, Sharma B, Torres MM, Kumar S. Factors affecting the GABAergic synapse function in Alzheimer's disease: Focus on microRNAs. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102123. [PMID: 37967653 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disease characterized by the loss of cognitive function, confusion, and memory deficit. Accumulation of abnormal proteins, amyloid beta (Aß), and phosphorylated Tau (p-tau) forms plaques and tangles that deteriorate synapse function, resulting in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in AD. The human brain is composed of different types of neurons and/or synapses that are functionally defective in AD. The GABAergic synapse, the most abundant inhibitory neuron in the human brain was found to be dysfunctional in AD and contributes to disrupting neurological function. This study explored the types of GABA receptors associated with neurological dysfunction and various biological and environmental factors that cause GABAergic neuron dysfunction in AD, such as Aβ, p-tau, aging, sex, astrocytes, microglia, APOE, mental disorder, diet, physical activity, and sleep. Furthermore, we explored the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of GABAergic synapse function in neurological disorders and AD states. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying GABAergic synapse dysfunction with a focus on miR-27b, miR-30a, miR-190a/b, miR-33, miR-51, miR-129-5p, miR-376-3p, miR-376c, miR-30b and miR-502-3p. The purpose of our article is to highlight the recent research on miRNAs affecting the regulation of GABAergic synapse function and factors that contribute to the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Rivera
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Bhupender Sharma
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Melissa M Torres
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA; L. Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
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25
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Dastgheib ZA, Lithgow BJ, Moussavi ZK. Evaluating the Diagnostic Value of Electrovestibulography (EVestG) in Alzheimer's Patients with Mixed Pathology: A Pilot Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2091. [PMID: 38138194 PMCID: PMC10744488 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diagnosis of dementia subtypes caused by different brain pathophysiologies, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) from AD mixed with levels of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) symptomology (AD-CVD), is challenging due to overlapping symptoms. In this pilot study, the potential of Electrovestibulography (EVestG) for identifying AD, AD-CVD, and healthy control populations was investigated. Materials and Methods: A novel hierarchical multiclass diagnostic algorithm based on the outcomes of its lower levels of binary classifications was developed using data of 16 patients with AD, 13 with AD-CVD, and 24 healthy age-matched controls, and then evaluated on a blind testing dataset made up of a new population of 12 patients diagnosed with AD, 9 with AD-CVD, and 8 healthy controls. Multivariate analysis was run to test the between population differences while controlling for sex and age covariates. Results: The accuracies of the multiclass diagnostic algorithm were found to be 85.7% and 79.6% for the training and blind testing datasets, respectively. While a statistically significant difference was found between the populations after accounting for sex and age, no significant effect was found for sex or age covariates. The best characteristic EVestG features were extracted from the upright sitting and supine up/down stimulus responses. Conclusions: Two EVestG movements (stimuli) and their most informative features that are best selective of the above-populations' separations were identified, and a hierarchy diagnostic algorithm was developed for three-way classification. Given that the two stimuli predominantly stimulate the otholithic organs, physiological and experimental evidence supportive of the results are presented. Disruptions of inhibition associated with GABAergic activity might be responsible for the changes in the EVestG features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zahra K. Moussavi
- Diagnostic and Neurological Processing Research Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Riverview Health Centre, Winnipeg, MB R3L 2P4, Canada; (Z.A.D.); (B.J.L.)
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Reza-Zaldívar E, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Comprehensive Review of Nutraceuticals against Cognitive Decline Associated with Alzheimer's Disease. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35499-35522. [PMID: 37810693 PMCID: PMC10552500 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, nutraceuticals are being incorporated into functional foods or used as supplements with nonpharmacological approaches in the prevention and management of several illnesses, including age-related conditions and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Nutraceuticals are apt for preventing and treating such disorders because of their nontoxic, non-habit-forming, and efficient bioactivities for promoting neurological well-being due to their ability to influence cellular processes such as neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, synaptic transmission, neuro-inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death modulation, and neuronal survival. The capacity of nutraceuticals to modify all of these processes reveals the potential to develop food-based strategies to aid brain development and enhance brain function, prevent and ameliorate neurodegeneration, and possibly reverse the cognitive impairment observed in Alzheimer's disease, the most predominant form of dementia in the elderly. The current review summarizes the experimental evidence of the neuroprotective capacity of nutraceuticals against Alzheimer's disease, describing their mechanisms of action and the in vitro and in vivo models applied to evaluate their neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin
E. Reza-Zaldívar
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C. 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C. 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería
y Ciencias, Campus Guadalajara, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, C. 45201 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
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Terstege DJ, Epp JR. Parvalbumin as a sex-specific target in Alzheimer's disease research - A mini-review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105370. [PMID: 37619647 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, and both the incidence of this disease and its associated cognitive decline disproportionally effect women. While the etiology of AD is unknown, recent work has demonstrated that the balance of excitatory and inhibitory activity across the brain may serve as a strong predictor of cognitive impairments in AD. Across the cortex, the most prominent source of inhibitory signalling is from a class of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV+). In this mini-review, the impacts of sex- and age-related factors on the function of PV+ neurons are examined within the context of vulnerability to AD pathology. These primary factors of influence include changes in brain metabolism, circulating sex hormone levels, and inflammatory response. In addition to positing the increased vulnerability of PV+ neurons to dysfunction in AD, this mini-review highlights the critical importance of presenting sex stratified data in the study of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Terstege
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jonathan R Epp
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Niraula S, Yan SS, Subramanian J. Amyloid pathology impairs experience-dependent inhibitory synaptic plasticity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.04.539450. [PMID: 37205469 PMCID: PMC10187277 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.04.539450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease patients and mouse models exhibit aberrant neuronal activity and altered excitatory-to-inhibitory synaptic ratio. Using multicolor two-photon microscopy, we test how amyloid pathology alters the structural dynamics of excitatory and inhibitory synapses and their adaptation to altered visual experience in vivo in the visual cortex. We show that the baseline dynamics of mature excitatory synapses and their adaptation to visual deprivation are not altered in amyloidosis. Likewise, the baseline dynamics of inhibitory synapses are not affected. In contrast, visual deprivation fails to induce inhibitory synapse loss in amyloidosis, a phenomenon observed in nonpathological conditions. Intriguingly, inhibitory synapse loss associated with visual deprivation in nonpathological mice is accompanied by the broadening of spontaneous but not visually evoked calcium transients. However, such broadening does not manifest in the context of amyloidosis. We also show that excitatory and inhibitory synapse loss is locally clustered under the nonpathological state. In contrast, a fraction of synapse loss is not locally clustered in amyloidosis, indicating an impairment in inhibitory synapse adaptation to changes in excitatory synaptic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Niraula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Shirley ShiDu Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Surgery, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jaichandar Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Norman JE, Nuthikattu S, Milenkovic D, Villablanca AC. Sex Modifies the Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Murine Whole Brain Metabolome. Metabolites 2023; 13:1012. [PMID: 37755291 PMCID: PMC10536706 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13091012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to the development of cardiovascular diseases, cognitive impairment, and dementia. There are sex differences in the presentation of T2DM and its associated complications. We sought to determine the impact of sex and T2DM on the brain metabolome to gain insights into the underlying mechanisms of T2DM-associated cognitive complications. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, on whole brain tissue from adult male and female db/db mice (a T2DM model) compared to wild-type (WT) C57Bl6/J mice. Regardless of sex, T2DM increased free fatty acids and decreased acylcarnitines in the brain. Sex impacted the number (103 versus 65 in males and females, respectively), and types of metabolites shifted by T2DM. Many choline-containing phospholipids were decreased by T2DM in males. Female-specific T2DM effects included changes in neuromodulatory metabolites (γ-aminobutyric acid, 2-linoleoyl glycerol, N-methylaspartic acid, and taurine). Further, there were more significantly different metabolites between sexes in the T2DM condition as compared to the WT controls (54 vs. 15 in T2DM and WT, respectively). T2DM alters the murine brain metabolome in both sex-independent and sex-dependent manners. This work extends our understanding of brain metabolic sex differences in T2DM, cognitive implications, and potential sex-specific metabolic therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Norman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis. 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.N.); (A.C.V.)
| | - Saivageethi Nuthikattu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis. 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.N.); (A.C.V.)
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis. 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Amparo C. Villablanca
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis. 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.N.); (A.C.V.)
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McDermott KD, Frechou MA, Jordan JT, Martin SS, Gonçalves JT. Delayed formation of neural representations of space in aged mice. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13924. [PMID: 37491802 PMCID: PMC10497831 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive deficits, with spatial memory being very susceptible to decline. The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is important for processing spatial information in the brain and is particularly vulnerable to aging, yet its sparse activity has led to difficulties in assessing changes in this area. Using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging, we compared DG neuronal activity and representations of space in young and aged mice walking on an unfamiliar treadmill. We found that calcium activity was significantly higher and less tuned to location in aged mice, resulting in decreased spatial information encoded in the DG. However, with repeated exposure to the same treadmill, both spatial tuning and information levels in aged mice became similar to young mice, while activity remained elevated. Our results show that spatial representations of novel environments are impaired in the aged hippocampus and gradually improve with increased familiarity. Moreover, while the aged DG is hyperexcitable, this does not disrupt neural representations of familiar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey D. McDermott
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - M. Agustina Frechou
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Jake T. Jordan
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Sunaina S. Martin
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - J. Tiago Gonçalves
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
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31
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Li M, Larsen PA. Single-cell sequencing of entorhinal cortex reveals widespread disruption of neuropeptide networks in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:3575-3592. [PMID: 36825405 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormalities of neuropeptides (NPs) that play important roles in modulating neuronal activities are commonly observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesize that NP network disruption is widespread in AD brains. METHODS Single-cell transcriptomic data from the entorhinal cortex (EC) were used to investigate the NP network disruption in AD. Bulk RNA-sequencing data generated from the temporal cortex by independent groups and machine learning were employed to identify key NPs involved in AD. The relationship between aging and AD-associated NP (ADNP) expression was studied using GTEx data. RESULTS The proportion of cells expressing NPs but not their receptors decreased significantly in AD. Neurons expressing higher level and greater diversity of NPs were disproportionately absent in AD. Increased age coincides with decreased ADNP expression in the hippocampus. DISCUSSION NP network disruption is widespread in AD EC. Neurons expressing more NPs may be selectively vulnerable to AD. Decreased expression of NPs participates in early AD pathogenesis. We predict that the NP network can be harnessed for treatment and/or early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manci Li
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Minnesota Center for Prion Research and Outreach, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Peter A Larsen
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Minnesota Center for Prion Research and Outreach, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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32
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Monteverdi A, Palesi F, Schirner M, Argentino F, Merante M, Redolfi A, Conca F, Mazzocchi L, Cappa SF, Cotta Ramusino M, Costa A, Pichiecchio A, Farina LM, Jirsa V, Ritter P, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CAM, D’Angelo E. Virtual brain simulations reveal network-specific parameters in neurodegenerative dementias. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1204134. [PMID: 37577354 PMCID: PMC10419271 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1204134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neural circuit alterations lay at the core of brain physiopathology, and yet are hard to unveil in living subjects. The Virtual Brain (TVB) modeling, by exploiting structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), yields mesoscopic parameters of connectivity and synaptic transmission. Methods We used TVB to simulate brain networks, which are key for human brain function, in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients, whose connectivity and synaptic parameters remain largely unknown; we then compared them to healthy controls, to reveal novel in vivo pathological hallmarks. Results The pattern of simulated parameter differed between AD and FTD, shedding light on disease-specific alterations in brain networks. Individual subjects displayed subtle differences in network parameter patterns that significantly correlated with their individual neuropsychological, clinical, and pharmacological profiles. Discussion These TVB simulations, by informing about a new personalized set of networks parameters, open new perspectives for understanding dementias mechanisms and design personalized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Monteverdi
- Unit of Digital Neuroscience, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fulvia Palesi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michael Schirner
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Focus State Dependencies of Learning and Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center Digital Future, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesca Argentino
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Merante
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Redolfi
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Laura Mazzocchi
- Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano F. Cappa
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- University Institute of Advanced Studies (IUSS), Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Alfredo Costa
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pichiecchio
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Viktor Jirsa
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, INSERM, INS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Petra Ritter
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Focus State Dependencies of Learning and Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center Digital Future, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia A. M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- Unit of Digital Neuroscience, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Egidio D’Angelo
- Unit of Digital Neuroscience, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Wang LY, Wang XP, Lv JM, Shan YD, Jia SY, Yu ZF, Miao HT, Xin Y, Zhang DX, Zhang LM. NLRP3-GABA signaling pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of impulsive-like behaviors and cognitive deficits in aged mice. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:162. [PMID: 37434240 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02845-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), such as delirium and cognitive impairment, are commonly encountered complications in aged patients. The inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is aberrantly synthesized from reactive astrocytes following inflammatory stimulation and is implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, the activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in PND. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether the NLRP3-GABA signaling pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of aging mice's PND. METHODS 24-month-old C57BL/6 and astrocyte-specific NLRP3 knockout male mice were used to establish a PND model via tibial fracture surgery. The monoamine oxidase-B (MAOB) inhibitor selegiline (1 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered once a day for 7 days after the surgery. PND, including impulsive-like behaviors and cognitive impairment, was evaluated by open field test, elevated plus maze, and fear conditioning. Thereafter, pathological changes of neurodegeneration were explored by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. RESULTS Selegiline administration significantly ameliorated TF-induced impulsive-like behaviors and reduced excessive GABA production in reactive hippocampal astrocytes. Moreover, astrocyte-specific NLRP3 knockout mice reversed TF-induced impulsive-like and cognitive impairment behaviors, decreased GABA levels in reactive astrocytes, ameliorated NLRP3-associated inflammatory responses during the early stage, and restored neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that anesthesia and surgical procedures trigger neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits, which may be due to NLRP3-GABA activation in the hippocampus of aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ying Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Peng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jin-Meng Lv
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Dong Shan
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yan Jia
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Yu
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Tao Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Xue Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China.
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López-Villodres JA, Escamilla A, Mercado-Sáenz S, Alba-Tercedor C, Rodriguez-Perez LM, Arranz-Salas I, Sanchez-Varo R, Bermúdez D. Microbiome Alterations and Alzheimer's Disease: Modeling Strategies with Transgenic Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1846. [PMID: 37509487 PMCID: PMC10377071 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been gaining momentum in the context of many neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes, respectively. Notably, a balanced gut microbiota contributes to the epithelial intestinal barrier maintenance, modulates the host immune system, and releases neurotransmitters and/or neuroprotective short-chain fatty acids. However, dysbiosis may provoke immune dysregulation, impacting neuroinflammation through peripheral-central immune communication. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide or detrimental microbial end-products can cross the blood-brain barrier and induce or at least potentiate the neuropathological progression of AD. Thus, after repeated failure to find a cure for this dementia, a necessary paradigmatic shift towards considering AD as a systemic disorder has occurred. Here, we present an overview of the use of germ-free and/or transgenic animal models as valid tools to unravel the connection between dysbiosis, metabolic diseases, and AD, and to investigate novel therapeutical targets. Given the high impact of dietary habits, not only on the microbiota but also on other well-established AD risk factors such as diabetes or obesity, consistent changes of lifestyle along with microbiome-based therapies should be considered as complementary approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio López-Villodres
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escamilla
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Silvia Mercado-Sáenz
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Carmen Alba-Tercedor
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Luis Manuel Rodriguez-Perez
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Arranz-Salas
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Unidad de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Varo
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, 29071 Malaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Bermúdez
- Departamento Fisiologia Humana, Histologia Humana, Anatomia Patologica y Educacion Fisica y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
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Rusch JA, Layden BT, Dugas LR. Signalling cognition: the gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1130689. [PMID: 37404311 PMCID: PMC10316519 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1130689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function in humans depends on the complex and interplay between multiple body systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The gut microbiota, which vastly outnumbers human cells and has a genetic potential that exceeds that of the human genome, plays a crucial role in this interplay. The microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is a bidirectional signalling pathway that operates through neural, endocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways. One of the major neuroendocrine systems responding to stress is the HPA axis which produces glucocorticoids such as cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents. Appropriate concentrations of cortisol are essential for normal neurodevelopment and function, as well as cognitive processes such as learning and memory, and studies have shown that microbes modulate the HPA axis throughout life. Stress can significantly impact the MGB axis via the HPA axis and other pathways. Animal research has advanced our understanding of these mechanisms and pathways, leading to a paradigm shift in conceptual thinking about the influence of the microbiota on human health and disease. Preclinical and human trials are currently underway to determine how these animal models translate to humans. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge of the relationship between the gut microbiota, HPA axis, and cognition, and provide an overview of the main findings and conclusions in this broad field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody A. Rusch
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- C17 Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Groote Schuur Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lara R. Dugas
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
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Liu XY, Wang K, Deng XH, Wei YH, Guo R, Liu SF, Zhu YF, Zhong JJ, Zheng JY, Wang MD, Ye QH, He JQ, Guo KH, Zhu JR, Huang SQ, Chen ZX, Lv CS, Wen L. Amelioration of olfactory dysfunction in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease via enhancing GABAergic signaling. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:101. [PMID: 37270503 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory dysfunction is among the earliest non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). As the foremost pathological hallmark, α-synuclein initiates the pathology in the olfactory pathway at the early stage of PD, particularly in the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB). However, the local neural microcircuit mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction between OE and OB in early PD remain unknown. RESULTS We observed that odor detection and discrimination were impaired in 6-month-old SNCA-A53T mice, while their motor ability remained unaffected. It was confirmed that α-synuclein increased and accumulated in OB but not in OE. Notably, the hyperactivity of mitral/tufted cells and the excitation/inhibition imbalance in OB were found in 6-month-old SNCA-A53T mice, which was attributed to the impaired GABAergic transmission and aberrant expression of GABA transporter 1 and vesicular GABA transporter in OB. We further showed that tiagabine, a potent and selective GABA reuptake inhibitor, could reverse the impaired olfactory function and GABAergic signaling in OB of SNCA-A53T mice. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings demonstrate potential synaptic mechanisms of local neural microcircuit underlying olfactory dysfunction at the early stage of PD. These results highlight the critical role of aberrant GABAergic signaling of OB in early diagnosis and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for early-stage PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Xian-Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Yi-Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Sui-Feng Liu
- Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361100, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Jia-Jun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Meng-Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Jian-Quan He
- Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361100, China
| | - Kai-Hang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Jun-Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Shu-Qiong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Ze-Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Chong-Shan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Lei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiang'an Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for TCM Dampness Disease, Neurology & Immunology Research, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China.
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Wang FG, Sun Y, Cao J, Shen XR, Liu FW, Song SS, Hou XQ, Yin L. Effects of Danggui-Shaoyao-San on central neuroendocrine and pharmacokinetics in female ovariectomized rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116609. [PMID: 37150422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional Chinese medicine formula Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) has been reported to have estrogen-like effects and therapeutic effects on the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AIM OF THE STUDY To explore whether the central oxytocin and neuroendocrine system is involved in the modulating effects of DSS on the cognition and neuropsychiatric hebaviors in female AD rats, and to investigate the pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin and ferulic acid in female AD rats with DSS treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS DSS (1.2, 3.2, 8.6g/kg/day) was orally administered to ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and saline was orally administered to sham operation rats as control group. The Morris water maze test, novel object recognition test, and passive avoidance test were conducted for evaluation of learning and memory abilities, while elevated plus maze test and forced swim test were performed to assess anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. ELISA kits were used to detect the levels of estrogen (E), estrogen receptor α (ERα), oxytocin (OT), oxytocin receptor (OTR), acetylcholine (Ach), acetylcholin esterase (AchE), and choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) in the cortex. The concentrations of Ach, glutamate (Glu), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) in the hippocampus were assessed by HPLC-MS. The changes of neuronal morphology in the hippocampus were observed by Nissl staining. The pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin and ferulic acid in OVX rats with DSS treatment were studied by HPLC. RESULTS In the Morris water maze test, novel object recognition test, and passive avoidance test, OVX rats showed cognitive impairment. In the elevated plus maze test and forced swim test, the anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors of OVX rats were significant as compared to the control group. Treatment of DSS significantly imporved the cognitive deficits, and ameliorated anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors of OVX rats. The expression of E, ERα, OT, OTR, AchE and ChAT in the cortex of model group were significantly decreased, and DSS significantly reversed these changes. The concentrations of Ach, Glu, GABA, 5-HT and NE in the hippocampus of OVX rats were significantly decreased, whereas DSS significantly increased the levels of Ach, Glu, GABA, 5-HT and NE. There was no significant difference in the concentration of DA in the hippocampus among groups. Degenerating neurons in the hippocampal CA3 region were observed in OVX rats, and the number of neurons was decreased. DSS treatment reduced the degenerating neurons, and incresed the number of neurons. The MRT (0 - ∞), AUC (0 - ∞), Cmax and t1/2z values of paeoniflorin, and the AUC 0-∞ and Cmax value of ferulic acid were higher in DSS-treated OVX rats than those in the DSS-treated control rats. CONCLUSIONS DSS improves the learning and memory ability, and attenuates anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors of OVX rats. The mechanism may be through increasing estrogen, reducing cholinergic damage, and modulating neurotransmitters. The increase in absorption and elimination time of paeoniflorin and ferulic acid in OVX rats may enhance the efficacy of DSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Guang Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Juan Cao
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Xu-Ri Shen
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Fu-Wang Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Xue-Qin Hou
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, 271016, PR China.
| | - Lei Yin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 271000, PR China.
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Gołyński M, Metyk M, Ciszewska J, Szczepanik MP, Fitch G, Bęczkowski PM. Homocysteine-Potential Novel Diagnostic Indicator of Health and Disease in Horses. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081311. [PMID: 37106874 PMCID: PMC10135347 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine is an endogenous, non-protein sulfuric amino acid, an intermediate metabolite formed by the methionine transmethylation reaction. Its elevated serum concentration in humans, hyperhomocysteinemia, is a sensitive indicator and a risk factor for coagulation disorders, cardiovascular diseases and dementia. However, the role of homocysteine in veterinary species has not been unequivocally established. Although some research has been conducted in dogs, cats, cattle and pigs, relatively few studies on homocysteine have been conducted in horses. So far, it has been established in this species that homocysteine has an atherogenic effect, plays a role in early embryo mortality and is responsible for the induction of oxidative stress. These preliminary findings support establishing a reference range in a normal population of horses, including horses in training and merit further investigations into the role of this amino acid in health and disease in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Gołyński
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Michał Metyk
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Jagoda Ciszewska
- Sub-Department of Diagnostics and Veterinary Dermatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Paweł Szczepanik
- Sub-Department of Diagnostics and Veterinary Dermatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Gareth Fitch
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paweł Marek Bęczkowski
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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Tang Y, Yan Y, Mao J, Ni J, Qing H. The hippocampus associated GABAergic neural network impairment in early-stage of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101865. [PMID: 36716975 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest neurodegenerative disease with slow progression. Pieces of evidence suggest that the GABAergic system is impaired in the early stage of AD, leading to hippocampal neuron over-activity and further leading to memory and cognitive impairment in patients with AD. However, the precise impairment mechanism of the GABAergic system on the pathogenesis of AD is still unclear. The impairment of neural networks associated with the GABAergic system is tightly associated with AD. Therefore, we describe the roles played by hippocampus-related GABAergic circuits and their impairments in AD neuropathology. In addition, we give our understand on the process from GABAergic circuit impairment to cognitive and memory impairment, since recent studies on astrocyte in AD plays an important role behind cognition dysfunction caused by GABAergic circuit impairment, which helps better understand the GABAergic system and could open up innovative AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China.
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40
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Melgosa-Ecenarro L, Doostdar N, Radulescu CI, Jackson JS, Barnes SJ. Pinpointing the locus of GABAergic vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 139:35-54. [PMID: 35963663 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been linked to microcircuit dysfunction and pathophysiological neuronal firing in several brain regions. Inhibitory GABAergic microcircuitry is a critical feature of stable neural-circuit function in the healthy brain, and its dysregulation has therefore been proposed as contributing to AD-related pathophysiology. However, exactly how the critical balance between excitatory and inhibitory microcircuitry is modified by AD pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we set the current evidence implicating dysfunctional GABAergic microcircuitry as a driver of early AD pathophysiology in a simple conceptual framework. Our framework is based on a generalised reductionist model of firing-rate control by local feedback inhibition. We use this framework to consider multiple loci that may be vulnerable to disruption by AD pathogenesis. We first start with evidence investigating how AD-related processes may impact the gross number of inhibitory neurons in the network. We then move to discuss how pathology may impact intrinsic cellular properties and firing thresholds of GABAergic neurons. Finally, we cover how AD-related pathogenesis may disrupt synaptic connectivity between excitatory and inhibitory neurons. We use the feedback inhibition framework to discuss and organise the available evidence from both preclinical rodent work and human studies in AD patients and conclude by identifying key questions and understudied areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Melgosa-Ecenarro
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Nazanin Doostdar
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Carola I Radulescu
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Johanna S Jackson
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Samuel J Barnes
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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Mockett BG, Ryan MM. The therapeutic potential of the neuroactive peptides of soluble amyloid precursor protein-alpha in Alzheimer's disease and related neurological disorders. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 139:93-101. [PMID: 35654665 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Soluble amyloid precursor protein-alpha (sAPPα) is a multi-functional brain-derived protein that has neuroprotective, neurogenic and neurotropic properties. Moreover, it is known to facilitate synaptic function and promote neural repair. These properties suggest sAPPα may be useful as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of neurological diseases characterized by synaptic failure and neuronal loss, such as occurs in Alzheimer's disease, and for neural repair following traumatic brain injury and stroke. However, sAPPα's relatively large size and the difficulty of ongoing delivery of therapeutics to the brain mean this is not currently practicable. Importantly, however, sAPPα is composed of several neuroactive domains that each possess properties that collectively are remarkably similar to those of sAPPα itself. Here, we review the molecular structure of sAPPα and identify the domains that contribute to its overall functionality. Four peptide motifs present as possible targets for therapeutic development. We review their physiochemical and neuroactive properties, both within sAPPα and as isolated peptides, and discuss their potential for future development as multipurpose therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other disorders of neuronal function. Further, we discuss the role of heparin binding sites, found within sAPPα's structure and overlapping with the neuroactive domains, as sites for interactions with effector proteins and synaptic receptors. The potential role of the neuroactive peptides known as Cationic Arginine-Rich Peptides (CARPs) as neuroprotective motifs is also reviewed. Mechanisms of peptide delivery to the brain are briefly discussed. Finally, we summarise the potential benefits and pitfalls of using the isolated peptides, either individually or in combination, for the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce G Mockett
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Margaret M Ryan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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McDermott KD, Frechou MA, Jordan JT, Martin SS, Gonçalves JT. Delayed formation of neural representations of space in aged mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.03.531021. [PMID: 37034736 PMCID: PMC10081265 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.03.531021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive deficits, with spatial memory being very susceptible to decline. The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is important for processing spatial information in the brain and is particularly vulnerable to aging, yet its sparse activity has led to difficulties in assessing changes in this area. Using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging, we compared DG neuronal activity and representations of space in young and aged mice walking on an unfamiliar treadmill. We found that calcium activity was significantly higher and less tuned to location in aged mice, resulting in decreased spatial information encoded in the DG. However, with repeated exposure to the same treadmill, both spatial tuning and information levels in aged mice became similar to young mice, while activity remained elevated. Our results show that spatial representations of novel environments are impaired in the aged hippocampus and gradually improve with increased familiarity. Moreover, while the aged DG is hyperexcitable, this does not disrupt neural representations of familiar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey D. McDermott
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - M. Agustina Frechou
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Jake T. Jordan
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Sunaina S. Martin
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - J. Tiago Gonçalves
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience and Gottesmann Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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43
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Hnilicova P, Kantorova E, Sutovsky S, Grofik M, Zelenak K, Kurca E, Zilka N, Parvanovova P, Kolisek M. Imaging Methods Applicable in the Diagnostics of Alzheimer's Disease, Considering the Involvement of Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3325. [PMID: 36834741 PMCID: PMC9958721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease and the most frequently diagnosed type of dementia, characterized by (1) perturbed cerebral perfusion, vasculature, and cortical metabolism; (2) induced proinflammatory processes; and (3) the aggregation of amyloid beta and hyperphosphorylated Tau proteins. Subclinical AD changes are commonly detectable by using radiological and nuclear neuroimaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Furthermore, other valuable modalities exist (in particular, structural volumetric, diffusion, perfusion, functional, and metabolic magnetic resonance methods) that can advance the diagnostic algorithm of AD and our understanding of its pathogenesis. Recently, new insights into AD pathoetiology revealed that deranged insulin homeostasis in the brain may play a role in the onset and progression of the disease. AD-related brain insulin resistance is closely linked to systemic insulin homeostasis disorders caused by pancreas and/or liver dysfunction. Indeed, in recent studies, linkages between the development and onset of AD and the liver and/or pancreas have been established. Aside from standard radiological and nuclear neuroimaging methods and clinically fewer common methods of magnetic resonance, this article also discusses the use of new suggestive non-neuronal imaging modalities to assess AD-associated structural changes in the liver and pancreas. Studying these changes might be of great clinical importance because of their possible involvement in AD pathogenesis during the prodromal phase of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hnilicova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ema Kantorova
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Sutovsky
- 1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava and University Hospital, 813 67 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milan Grofik
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Zelenak
- Clinic of Radiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Egon Kurca
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Zilka
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Parvanovova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kolisek
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
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Arroyo-García LE, Bachiller S, Ruiz R, Boza-Serrano A, Rodríguez-Moreno A, Deierborg T, Andrade-Talavera Y, Fisahn A. Targeting galectin-3 to counteract spike-phase uncoupling of fast-spiking interneurons to gamma oscillations in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:6. [PMID: 36740709 PMCID: PMC9901156 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00338-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder for which no disease-modifying treatment exists. Neuroinflammation is central to the pathology progression, with evidence suggesting that microglia-released galectin-3 (gal3) plays a pivotal role by amplifying neuroinflammation in AD. However, the possible involvement of gal3 in the disruption of neuronal network oscillations typical of AD remains unknown. METHODS Here, we investigated the functional implications of gal3 signaling on experimentally induced gamma oscillations ex vivo (20-80 Hz) by performing electrophysiological recordings in the hippocampal CA3 area of wild-type (WT) mice and of the 5×FAD mouse model of AD. In addition, the recorded slices from WT mice under acute gal3 application were analyzed with RT-qPCR to detect expression of some neuroinflammation-related genes, and amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque load was quantified by immunostaining in the CA3 area of 6-month-old 5×FAD mice with or without Gal3 knockout (KO). RESULTS Gal3 application decreased gamma oscillation power and rhythmicity in an activity-dependent manner, which was accompanied by impairment of cellular dynamics in fast-spiking interneurons (FSNs) and pyramidal cells. We found that the gal3-induced disruption was mediated by the gal3 carbohydrate-recognition domain and prevented by the gal3 inhibitor TD139, which also prevented Aβ42-induced degradation of gamma oscillations. Furthermore, the 5×FAD mice lacking gal3 (5×FAD-Gal3KO) exhibited WT-like gamma network dynamics and decreased Aβ plaque load. CONCLUSIONS We report for the first time that gal3 impairs neuronal network dynamics by spike-phase uncoupling of FSNs, inducing a network performance collapse. Moreover, our findings suggest gal3 inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract the neuronal network instability typical of AD and other neurological disorders encompassing neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Enrique Arroyo-García
- grid.465198.7Neuronal Oscillations Laboratory, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Solna, Sweden
| | - Sara Bachiller
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden ,grid.9224.d0000 0001 2168 1229Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Ruiz
- grid.9224.d0000 0001 2168 1229Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Seville, Calle Profesor García González Nº2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Boza-Serrano
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden ,grid.9224.d0000 0001 2168 1229Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Seville, Calle Profesor García González Nº2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- grid.15449.3d0000 0001 2200 2355Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km-1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Tomas Deierborg
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Neuronal Oscillations Laboratory, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden. .,Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km-1, 41013, Seville, Spain.
| | - André Fisahn
- Neuronal Oscillations Laboratory, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden. .,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Neo, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
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Endothelial LRP1-ICD Accelerates Cognition-Associated Alpha-Synuclein Pathology and Neurodegeneration through PARP1 Activation in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:979-1003. [PMID: 36394710 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein (αSyn) into Lewy bodies. In addition to motor impairment, PD commonly presents with cognitive impairment, a non-motor symptom with poor outcome. Cortical αSyn pathology correlates closely with vascular risk factors and vascular degeneration in cognitive impairment. However, how the brain microvasculature regulates αSyn pathology and neurodegeneration remains unclear. Here, we constructed a rapidly progressive PD model by injecting alpha-synuclein preformed fibrils (αSyn PFFs) into the cerebral cortex and striatum. Brain capillaries in mice with cognitive impairment showed a reduction in diameter and length after 6 months, along with string vessel formation. The intracellular domain of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1-ICD) was upregulated in brain microvascular endothelium. LRP1-ICD promoted αSyn PFF uptake and exacerbated endothelial damage and neuronal apoptosis. Then, we overexpressed LRP1-ICD in brain capillaries using an adeno-associated virus carrying an endothelial-specific promoter. Endothelial LRP1-ICD worsened αSyn PFF-induced vascular damage, αSyn pathology, or neuron death in the cortex and hippocampus, resulting in severe motor and cognitive impairment. LRP1-ICD increased the synthesis of poly(adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribose) (PAR) in the presence of αSyn PFFs. Inhibition of PAR polymerase 1 (PARP1) prevented vascular-derived injury, as did loss of PARP1 in the endothelium, which was further implicated in endothelial cell proliferation and inflammation. Together, we demonstrate a novel vascular mechanism of cognitive impairment in PD. These findings support a role for endothelial LRP1-ICD/PARP1 in αSyn pathology and neurodegeneration, and provide evidence for vascular protection strategies in PD therapy.
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Chen X, Gong T, Chen T, Xu C, Li Y, Song Q, Lin L, Oeltzschner G, Edden RAE, Xia Z, Wang G. Altered glutamate-glutamine and amide proton transfer-weighted values in the hippocampus of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A novel combined imaging diagnostic marker. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1089300. [PMID: 36908797 PMCID: PMC9995585 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1089300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Early diagnosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and timely management to delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) would benefit patients. Pathological metabolic changes of excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters and abnormal protein deposition in the hippocampus of aMCI may provide a new clue to imaging diagnosis. However, the diagnostic performance using these hippocampal metabolite measurements is still unclear. We aimed to quantify right hippocampal glutamate-glutamine (Glx) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels as well as protein-based amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) signals of patients with aMCI and investigate the diagnostic performance of these metabolites. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 20 patients with aMCI and 20 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent MEGA Point Resolved Spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) and APTw MR imaging at 3 T. GABA+, Glx, and APTw signals were measured in the right hippocampus. The GABA+ levels, Glx levels, Glx/GABA+ ratios, and APTw values were compared between the HCs and aMCI groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. Binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to evaluate MEGA-PRESS and APTw parameters' diagnostic performance. Results Compared with HCs, patients with aMCI had significantly lower Glx levels in the right hippocampus (7.02 ± 1.41 i.u. vs. 5.81 ± 1.33 i.u., P = 0.018). No significant changes in the GABA+ levels were observed in patients with aMCI (HCs vs. aMCI: 2.54 ± 0.28 i.u. vs. 2.47 ± 0.36 i.u., P = 0.620). In addition, Glx/GABA+ ratios between the two groups (HCs vs. aMCI: 2.79 ± 0.60 vs. 2.37 ± 0.55, P = 0.035) were significantly different. Compared with HCs, patients with aMCI showed higher APTw values in the right hippocampus (0.99 ± 0.26% vs. 1.26% ± 0.28, P = 0.006). The ROC curve analysis showed that Glx, GABA+, Glx/GABA+, and APTw values had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.72, 0.55, 0.70, and 0.75, respectively, for diagnosing aMCI. In the ROC curve analysis, the AUC of the combination of the parameters increased to 0.88, which is much higher than that observed in the univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of right hippocampal Glx levels and APTw values improved the diagnostic performance for aMCI, indicating it as a promising combined imaging diagnostic marker. Our study provided a potential imaging diagnostic strategy of aMCI, which may promote early detection of aMCI and facilitate timely intervention to delay the pathological progress toward AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China.,Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Changyuan Xu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingxu Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Richard A E Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhangyong Xia
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China.,Department of Neurology, Liaocheng Clinical School of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Mori H, Yoshino Y, Iga JI, Ochi S, Funahashi Y, Yamazaki K, Kumon H, Ozaki Y, Ueno SI. Aberrant Expression of GABA-Related Genes in the Hippocampus of 3xTg-AD Model Mice from the Early to End Stages of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:177-188. [PMID: 37212113 PMCID: PMC10357162 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We explored the gene expression levels in the brain of 3xTg-AD model mice to elucidate the molecular pathological changes from the early to end stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE We re-analyzed our previously published microarray data obtained from the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD model mice at 12 and 52 weeks of age. METHODS Functional annotation and network analyses of the up- and downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in mice aged 12 to 52 weeks were performed. Validation tests for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-related genes were also performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS In total, 644 DEGs were upregulated and 624 DEGs were downregulated in the hippocampus of both the 12- and 52-week-old 3xTg-AD mice. In the functional analysis of the upregulated DEGs, 330 gene ontology biological process terms, including immune response, were found, and they interacted with each other in the network analysis. In the functional analysis of the downregulated DEGs, 90 biological process terms, including several terms related to membrane potential and synapse function, were found, and they also interacted with each other in the network analysis. In the qPCR validation test, significant downregulation was seen for Gabrg3 at the ages of 12 (p = 0.02) and 36 (p = 0.005) weeks, Gabbr1 at the age of 52 weeks (p = 0.001), and Gabrr2 at the age of 36 weeks (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Changes in immune response and GABAergic neurotransmission may occur in the brain of 3xTg mice from the early to end stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yu Funahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Yamazaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kumon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuki Ozaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shu-ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate, School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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Zhang H, Feng X, Liu S, Ren F, Wang J. Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on nutritional composition and cooking quality of whole grains and legumes. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Chaudry O, Ndukwe K, Xie L, Figueiredo-Pereira M, Serrano P, Rockwell P. Females exhibit higher GluA2 levels and outperform males in active place avoidance despite increased amyloid plaques in TgF344-Alzheimer's rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19129. [PMID: 36352024 PMCID: PMC9646806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is most prevalent in females. While estrogen provides neuroprotection in females, sex mediated differences in the development of AD pathology are not fully elucidated. Therefore, comparing events between sexes in early-stage AD pathology may reveal more effective therapeutic targets of intervention. To address sex differences, we analyzed early-stage 9-month male and female TgF344-AD (Tg-AD) rats, an AD model carrying the APPswe and Presenilin 1 (PS1ΔE9) mutations that develops progressive age-dependent AD pathology similar to humans. Tg-AD females significantly outperformed Tg-AD males in the active place avoidance (aPAT) test that assesses hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory. However, comparisons between Tg-AD male or female rats and their WT counterparts showed significant deficits for female but not male rats. Nevertheless, Tg-AD females experienced significantly less hippocampal neuronal loss with higher GluA2 subunit levels than Tg-AD males. Unexpectedly, Tg-AD females displayed higher levels of hippocampal amyloid plaques than Tg-AD males. Thus, we propose that GluA2 may provide a neuroprotective function for Tg-AD females in our rat model by mitigating cognitive impairment independently of amyloid plaques. Elucidating this protective mechanism in AD could lead to new targets for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Chaudry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelechi Ndukwe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY, USA
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, The Graduate Center CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Computer Sciences, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Peter Serrano
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patricia Rockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY, USA.
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van den Bos MAJ, Menon P, Vucic S. Cortical hyperexcitability and plasticity in Alzheimer's disease: developments in understanding and management. Expert Rev Neurother 2022; 22:981-993. [PMID: 36683586 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2022.2170784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neurophysiological tool that provides important insights into Alzheimer's Disease (AD). A significant body of work utilizing TMS techniques has explored the pathophysiological relevance of cortical hyperexcitability and plasticity in AD and their modulation in novel therapies. AREAS COVERED This review examines the technique of TMS, the use of TMS to examine specific features of cortical excitability and the use of TMS techniques to modulate cortical function. A search was performed utilizing the PubMed database to identify key studies utilizing TMS to examine cortical hyperexcitability and plasticity in Alzheimer's dementia. We then translate this understanding to the study of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology, examining the underlying neurophysiologic links contributing to these twin signatures, cortical hyperexcitability and abnormal plasticity, in the cortical dysfunction characterizing AD. Finally, we examine utilization of TMS excitability to guide targeted therapies and, through the use of repetitive TMS (rTMS), modulate cortical plasticity. EXPERT OPINION The examination of cortical hyperexcitability and plasticity with TMS has potential to optimize and expand the window of therapeutic interventions in AD, though remains at relatively early stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi A J van den Bos
- Brain and Nerve Research Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Parvathi Menon
- Brain and Nerve Research Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Steve Vucic
- Brain and Nerve Research Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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