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Kim J, Mayorga-Burrezo P, Song SJ, Mayorga-Martinez CC, Medina-Sánchez M, Pané S, Pumera M. Advanced materials for micro/nanorobotics. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:9190-9253. [PMID: 39139002 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00777d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Autonomous micro/nanorobots capable of performing programmed missions are at the forefront of next-generation micromachinery. These small robotic systems are predominantly constructed using functional components sourced from micro- and nanoscale materials; therefore, combining them with various advanced materials represents a pivotal direction toward achieving a higher level of intelligence and multifunctionality. This review provides a comprehensive overview of advanced materials for innovative micro/nanorobotics, focusing on the five families of materials that have witnessed the most rapid advancements over the last decade: two-dimensional materials, metal-organic frameworks, semiconductors, polymers, and biological cells. Their unique physicochemical, mechanical, optical, and biological properties have been integrated into micro/nanorobots to achieve greater maneuverability, programmability, intelligence, and multifunctionality in collective behaviors. The design and fabrication methods for hybrid robotic systems are discussed based on the material categories. In addition, their promising potential for powering motion and/or (multi-)functionality is described and the fundamental principles underlying them are explained. Finally, their extensive use in a variety of applications, including environmental remediation, (bio)sensing, therapeutics, etc., and remaining challenges and perspectives for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyo Kim
- Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic.
| | - Paula Mayorga-Burrezo
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Su-Jin Song
- Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic.
| | - Carmen C Mayorga-Martinez
- Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic.
| | - Mariana Medina-Sánchez
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi, 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
- Micro- and NanoBiomedical Engineering Group (MNBE), Institute for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Chair of Micro- and Nano-Biosystems, Center for Molecular Bioengineering (B CUBE), Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Salvador Pané
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zürich, Tannenstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pumera
- Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic.
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Alabssawy AN, Hashem AH. Bioremediation of hazardous heavy metals by marine microorganisms: a recent review. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:103. [PMID: 38358529 PMCID: PMC10869373 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) like Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, and Hg, among others, play a role in several environmental problems. The marine environment is polluted by several contaminants, such as HMs. A variety of physico-chemical methods usually available for sanitation HMs remediation suffer from either limitation. Bioremediation is a promising way of dealing with HMs pollution. Microbes have the ability with various potencies to resist HMs tension. The current review discusses the main sources and influences of HMs, the role of marine microorganisms in HMs bioremediation, as well as the microbial mechanisms for HMs detoxification and transformation. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the bioremediation technologies that are currently available for the removal of HMs ions from industrial and urban effluent by aquatic organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and microalgae, particularly those that are isolated from marine areas. The primary goals are to outline various studies and offer helpful information about the most important aspects of the bioelimination techniques. The biotreatment practices have been primarily divided into three techniques based on this topic. They are biosorption, bioaccumulation, bioleaching, and biotransformation. This article gives the brief view on the research studies about bioremediation of HMs using marine microorganisms. The current review also deals with the critical issues and recent studies based on the HMs biodetoxification using aquatic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed N Alabssawy
- Marine Science and Fishes Branch, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
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Yin CM, Niu RG, Wang H, Li XY, Zeng QF, Lan JF. Symbiotic hemolymph bacteria reduce hexavalent chromium to protect the host from chromium toxicity in Procambarus clarkii. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132257. [PMID: 37572611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a cytotoxic heavy metal pollutant that adversely affects all life forms. Interestingly, the crustacean Procambarus clarkii exhibits a relatively high tolerance to heavy metals. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of symbiotic bacteria in P. clarkii in alleviating Cr(VI)-induced damage and explored their potential mechanisms of action. Through transcriptomic analysis, we observed that Cr(VI) activated P. clarkii's antimicrobial immune responses and altered the bacterial composition in the hemolymph. After antibiotic treatment to reduce bacterial populations, Cr(VI)-induced intestinal and liver damage worsened, and crayfish exhibited lower levels of GSH/CAT/SOD activity. The Exiguobacterium, the symbiotic bacteria in the hemolymph of P. clarkii, were proved to be primary contributor to Cr(VI) tolerance. Further investigation suggested that it resists Cr(VI) through the activation of the ABC transporter system and the reduction of Cr(VI) via the reductase gene nfsA. To validate the role of Exiguobacterium in Cr(VI) tolerance, crayfish treated with antibiotics then supplemented with Exiguobacterium H6 and recombinant E. coli (with the nfsA gene), reduced Cr(VI)-induced ovarian damage. Overall, this study revealed that the symbiotic bacteria Exiguobacterium can absorb and reduce hexavalent chromium, mitigating Cr(VI)-induced damage in P. clarkii. These findings provide new insights into hexavalent chromium tolerance mechanisms in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ming Yin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Rui-Geng Niu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xian-Yao Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Qi-Fan Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Sanya, China.
| | - Jiang-Feng Lan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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Wu SC, Hsiao WC, Zhao YC, Wu LF. Hexavalent chromate bioreduction by a magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 and the effect of magnetosome synthesis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138739. [PMID: 37088211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are receiving attention for heavy metal biotreatment due to their potential for biosorption with heavy metals and the capability of the magnetic recovery. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of Cr(VI) bioreduction and biosorption by an MTB isolate, Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1, which has a higher growth rate and wider reflexivity in culture conditions. Our results demonstrated that the MSR-1 strain could remove Cr(VI) up to the concentration of 40 mg L-1 and with an optimal activity at neutral pH conditions. The magnetosome synthesis existed regulatory mechanisms between Cr(VI) reduction and cell division. The addition of 10 mg L-1 Cr(VI) significantly inhibited cell growth, but the magnetosome-deficient strain, B17316, showed an average specific growth rate of 0.062 h-1 at the same dosage. Cr(VI) reduction examined by the heat-inactivated and resting cells demonstrated that the main mechanism for MSR-1 strain to reduce Cr(VI) was chromate reductase and adsorption, and magnetosome synthesis would enhance the chromate reductase activity. Finally, our results elucidated that the chromate reductase distributes diversely in multiple subcellular components of the MSR-1 cells, including extracellular, membrane-associated, and intracellular cytoplasmic activity; and expression of the membrane-associated chromate reductase was increased after the cells were pre-exposed by Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siang Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Che Hsiao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fen Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
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Sarkar B, Sen S, Dutta S, Lahiri SK. Application of multi-gene genetic programming technique for modeling and optimization of phycoremediation of Cr(VI) from wastewater. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-023-00365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater is essential as it is potentially toxic and carcinogenic in nature. Bioremediation of heavy metals using microalgae is a novel technique and has several advantages such as microalgae remove metals in an environmentally friendly and economic manner. The present study deals with modeling and optimization of the phycoremediation of Cr(VI) from synthetic wastewater. The initial concentration of Cr(VI), initial pH, and inoculum size were considered as input factors, and the percentage removal of Cr(VI) was chosen as a response.
Results
An accurate data-driven genetic programming model was developed with the experimental data of other scientists to find a relation between the percentage removal of Cr(VI) and all input parameters. To maximize the removal of Cr(VI), the grey wolf optimization technique was applied to determine the optimal values of input parameters.
Conclusion
These optimum input parameters are difficult to get through experimentation using the trial-and-error method. The established modelling and optimization technique is generic and can be applied to any other experimental study.
Graphical Abstract
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Mohammadi M, Reinicke B, Wawrousek K. Biosorption and Biomagnetic Recovery of La3+ by Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 Biomass. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Meng Y, Ma X, Luan F, Zhao Z, Li Y, Xiao X, Wang Q, Zhang J, Thandar SM. Sustainable enhancement of Cr(VI) bioreduction by the isolated Cr(VI)-resistant bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152433. [PMID: 34942251 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioreduction of mobile Cr(VI) to sparingly soluble Cr(III) is an effective strategy for in situ remediations of Cr contaminated sites. The key of this technology is to screen Cr(VI)-resistant bacteria and further explore the sustainable enhancement approaches towards their Cr(VI) reduction performance. In this study, a total of ten Cr(VI)-resistant bacteria were isolated from a Cr(VI) contaminated site. All of them could reduce Cr(VI), and the greatest extent of Cr(VI) reduction (98%) was obtained by the isolated CRB6 strain. The isolated CRB6 was able to reduce structural Fe(III) in Nontronite NAu-2 to structural Fe(II). Compared with the slow bioreduction process, the produced structural Fe(II) can rapidly enhance Cr(VI) reduction. The resist dissolution characteristics of NAu-2 in the redox cycling may provide sustainable enhancement of Cr(VI) reduction. However, no enhancement on Cr(VI) bioreduction by the isolated CRB6 was observed in the presence of NAu-2, which was attributed to the inhibition of Cr(VI) on the electron transfer between the isolated CRB6 and NAu-2. AQDS can accelerate the electron transfer between the isolated CRB6 and NAu-2 as an electron shuttle in the presence of Cr(VI). Therefore, the combination of NAu-2 and AQDS generated a synergistic enhancement on Cr(VI) bioreduction compared with the enhancement obtained by NAu-2 and AQDS individually. Our results highlight that structural Fe(III) and electron shuttle can provide a sustainable enhancement of Cr(VI) reduction by Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria, which has great potential for the effective Cr(VI) in-situ remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Xiaoxu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; School of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Normal University; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change,Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China
| | - Fubo Luan
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ziwang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Geological Exploration and Research Institute, CNACG, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- New World Environmental Protection Group, ZhuZhou 412007, PR China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; School of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Normal University; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change,Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China
| | - Jianda Zhang
- School of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Normal University; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change,Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China.
| | - Soe Myat Thandar
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Department of Biotechnology, Mandalay Technological University, Ministry of Education, Mandalay, Myanmar.
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Bioaccumulation of Fluoride in Plants and Its Microbially Assisted Remediation: A Review of Biological Processes and Technological Performance. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoride is widely found in soil–water systems due to anthropogenic and geogenic activities that affect millions worldwide. Fluoride ingestion results in chronic and acute toxicity, including skeletal and dental fluorosis, neurological damage, and bone softening in humans. Therefore, this review paper summarizes biological processes for fluoride remediation, i.e., bioaccumulation in plants and microbially assisted systems. Bioremediation approaches for fluoride removal have recently gained prominence in removing fluoride ions. Plants are vulnerable to fluoride accumulation in soil, and their growth and development can be negatively affected, even with low fluoride content in the soil. The microbial bioremediation processes involve bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and biosorption. Bacterial, fungal, and algal biomass are ecologically efficient bioremediators. Most bioremediation techniques are laboratory-scale based on contaminated solutions; however, treatment of fluoride-contaminated wastewater at an industrial scale is yet to be investigated. Therefore, this review recommends the practical applicability and sustainability of microbial bioremediation of fluoride in different environments.
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Enriched Synthesis of Magnetosomes by Expanding the Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 Culture at Optimal Iron Concentration. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry7080115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 species is one of the most widely used magnetotactic bacterial strains for producing magnetosomes under laboratory conditions. Nevertheless, there exist several challenges in expanding and purifying the AMB-1 culture due to the restricted culture conditions. In an attempt to enrich the production of magnetosomes, this study reports the utilization of fermenter culture, which substantially promotes the cell densities at different concentrations of iron content. The experimental results confirmed magnetosomes’ high yield (production rate of 21.1 mg L−1) at the iron content of 0.2 μmol L−1. Moreover, different characterization techniques systematically confirmed the coated lipid membrane, particle size, dispersity, stability, and elemental composition of magnetosomes. Notably, the fermenter culture-based process resulted in highly discrete, dispersed, and stable magnetosomes with an average particle diameter of 50 nm and presented the integrated lipid membrane around the surface. The chemical composition by EDS of magnetosomes represented the presence of various elements, i.e., C, O, Na, P, and Fe, at appropriate proportions. In conclusion, the culture method in our study effectively provides a promising approach towards the culture of the magnetotactic bacterium for the enriched production of magnetosomes.
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Nazaripour M, Reshadi MAM, Mirbagheri SA, Nazaripour M, Bazargan A. Research trends of heavy metal removal from aqueous environments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 287:112322. [PMID: 33735680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are a threat against human health. During the last century, with increased industrial activities, many water resources have been contaminated by heavy metals. Meanwhile the number of scientific studies about removing these toxic substances from aqueous environments has increased exponentially. According to bibliometric analysis the number of articles from 2000 to 2019 experienced a 1700% growth rate. China, India and the United States have published the greatest number of top-cited articles on the topic, with China in first place by a large margin. Six clusters of papers (by topic) were identified. From among the processes such as adsorption, membrane filtration, and ion exchange, adsorption has the lion's share of the investigations. Technical and efficiency considerations, as well as environmental impact and cost-effectiveness, were chosen as criteria to compare different methods. According to life cycle assessment, adsorption has the least amount of negative environmental effects compared to other trending methods such as membrane filtration and ion exchange. From a financial viewpoint, utilizing biosorbents and biochars for adsorption are the best options. Unlike other methods which depend on pretreatment processes and have a high energy demand, these sorbents are cost-effective and exhibit acceptable performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Nazaripour
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Alireza Bazargan
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang B, Duan G, Fang Y, Deng X, Yin Y, Huang K. Selenium(Ⅳ) alleviates chromium(Ⅵ)-induced toxicity in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116407. [PMID: 33433342 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The wide range of industrial applications of chromium (Cr) has led to an increasing risk of water contamination by Cr(Ⅵ). However, efficient methods to remove or decrease the toxicity of Cr(Ⅵ) in situ are lacking. The main aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which selenite alleviates chromium(Ⅵ)-induced toxicity in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Our results showed that K2Cr2O7 had toxic effects on both the structure and physiology of C. reinhardtii in a dose-dependent manner. Adding selenite significantly alleviated chromium accumulation and toxicity in cells. RNA-seq data showed that the expression level of selenoproteins such as SELENOH was significantly increased. Both SELENOH-amiRNA knockdown mutants and selenoh insertional mutant produced more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and grew slower than the wild type, suggesting that SELENOH can reduce chromium toxicity by decreasing the levels of ROS produced by Cr(Ⅵ). We also demonstrated that selenite can reduce the absorption of Cr(Ⅵ) by cells but does not affect the process of Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption and efflux. This information on the molecular mechanism by which selenite alleviates Cr(Ⅵ) toxicity can be used to increase the bioremediation capacity of algae and reduce the human health risks associated with Cr(Ⅵ) toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guangqian Duan
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yingying Fang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yongguang Yin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Kaiyao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
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Abstract
Groundwater is the environmental matrix that is most frequently affected by anthropogenic hexavalent chromium contamination. Due to its carcinogenicity, Cr(VI) has to be removed, using environmental-friendly and economically sustainable remediation technologies. BioElectrochemical Systems (BESs), applied to bioremediation, thereby offering a promising alternative to traditional bioremediation techniques, without affecting the natural groundwater conditions. Some bacterial families are capable of oxidizing and/or reducing a solid electrode obtaining an energetic advantage for their own growth. In the present study, we assessed the possibility of stimulating bioelectrochemical reduction of Cr(VI) in a dual-chamber polarized system using an electrode as the sole energy source. To develop an electroactive microbial community three electrodes were, at first, inserted into the anodic compartment of a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell, and inoculated with sludge from an anaerobic digester. After a period of acclimation, one electrode was transferred into a polarized system and it was fixed at −0.3 V (versus standard hydrogen electrode, SHE), to promote the reduction of 1000 µg Cr(VI) L−1. A second electrode, served for the set-up of an open circuit control, operated in parallel. Cr(VI) dissolved concentration was analysed at the initial, during the experiment and final time by spectrophotometric method. Initial and final microbial characterization of the communities enriched in polarized system and open circuit control was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The bioelectrode set at −0.3 V showed high Cr(VI) removal efficiency (up to 93%) and about 150 µg L−1 day−1 removal rate. Similar efficiency was observed in the open circuit (OC) even at about half rate. Whereas, purely electrochemical reduction, limited to 35%, due to neutral operating conditions. These results suggest that bioelectrochemical Cr(VI) removal by polarized electrode offers a promising new and sustainable approach to the treatment of groundwater Cr(VI) plumes, deserving further research.
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Diaz-Alarcón JA, Alfonso-Pérez MP, Vergara-Gómez I, Díaz-Lagos M, Martínez-Ovalle SA. Removal of iron and manganese in groundwater through magnetotactic bacteria. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 249:109381. [PMID: 31419670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is presented an alternative biological method based on biomineralization mechanisms of Magnetotactic Bacteria (MTB) for the removal in groundwater, of soluble elements such as Fe+2and Mn+2. In first place, it was compared the effectiveness of MTB retention methods for obtention of concentrated volumes in microorganisms, then, it was carried out an inoculation process in groundwater samples and evaluate the removal rate of Fe+2 and Mn+2 in constant conditions of pH and temperature. It was identified electromagnetic method is more efficient in MTB retention, and that the inoculation processes of an enriched solution with MTB in groundwater samples allow to get average removal rates of 47.86% for Fe+2 and 15.26% for Mn+2. In addition, it was evaluated the removal rate of other metals due to magnetic properties of biominerals inside of MTB magnetosome. The highest removal in all cases occurred between the interval of 3 and 5 min of interaction and tended to stabilize in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Diaz-Alarcón
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Sogamoso, Colombia
| | - M P Alfonso-Pérez
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Sogamoso, Colombia
| | - I Vergara-Gómez
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Sogamoso, Colombia
| | - M Díaz-Lagos
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Sogamoso, Colombia
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Rismani Yazdi S, Agrawal P, Morales E, Stevens CA, Oropeza L, Davies PL, Escobedo C, Oleschuk RD. Facile actuation of aqueous droplets on a superhydrophobic surface using magnetotactic bacteria for digital microfluidic applications. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1085:107-116. [PMID: 31522724 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic actuation provides a low-cost, simple method for droplet manipulation on a digital microfluidic platform. The impetus to move the droplets on a low friction surface can come from internal superparamagnetic particles or paramagnetic salts. Recently, the use of microbes for bio-actuation has been established, where the thrust produced by the microbes can be exploited to exert the force required for droplet movement. This study presents biologically-driven magnetic actuation of droplets on a superhydrophobic surface using magnetotactic bacteria (MTB). MTB-droplets were impelled along various trajectories such as rectangular and figure-of-eight-shaped paths. Droplets were reproducibly actuated with speeds up of to 30 mm s-1. We demonstrated the ability to sequentially merge and mix multiple droplets by merging a 10 μL MTB droplet with two 4 μL colored droplets. The reorientation of MTB in the droplet enhanced mixing rate of the merged fluids by ∼40% compared with the control experiment where no actuation was used. Biologically-driven magnetic actuation was compared with actuation by superparamagnetic particles and paramagnetic salts, in terms of controllability and speed. MTB droplet was moved with the same average speed as other two methods and showed higher response time as the magnet acceleration increased. Lastly, MTB were used to perform a phosphatase assay using endogenous enzyme. The relative absorbance at 405 nm, indicating the production of the yellow product, increased over time and levels off after 75 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Rismani Yazdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Prashant Agrawal
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Erick Morales
- School of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, UNAM, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Corey A Stevens
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Laura Oropeza
- School of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, UNAM, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Peter L Davies
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Carlos Escobedo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Richard D Oleschuk
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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15
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Dieudonné A, Pignol D, Prévéral S. Magnetosomes: biogenic iron nanoparticles produced by environmental bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3637-3649. [PMID: 30903215 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The scientific community's interest in magnetotactic bacteria has increased substantially in recent decades. These prokaryotes have the particularity of synthesizing nanomagnets, called magnetosomes. The majority of research is based on several scientific questions. Where do magnetotactic bacteria live, what are their characteristics, and why are they magnetic? What are the molecular phenomena of magnetosome biomineralization and what are the physical characteristics of magnetosomes? In addition to scientific curiosity to better understand these stunning organisms, there are biotechnological opportunities to consider. Magnetotactic bacteria, as well as magnetosomes, are used in medical applications, for example cancer treatment, or in environmental ones, for example bioremediation. In this mini-review, we investigated all the aspects mentioned above and summarized the currently available knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Dieudonné
- UMR 7265, Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LBC, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - David Pignol
- UMR 7265, Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LBC, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Sandra Prévéral
- UMR 7265, Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LBC, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
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16
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APPLICATION OF BIOFILMS IN REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM WASTEWATER IN STATIC CONDITION. BIOTECHNOLOGIA ACTA 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/biotech11.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Mukherjee S, Sahu P, Halder G. Microbial remediation of fluoride-contaminated water via a novel bacterium Providencia vermicola (KX926492). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 204:413-423. [PMID: 28915476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study emphasizes on the isolation, identification and characterization of a fluoride-resistant bacteria from contaminated groundwater of a severely affected rural area. The isolate was investigated for its possible role towards bioremediation of fluoride. Bacterial growth was determined by various carbon and nitrogen sources. Influence of parameters like initial fluoride concentration (5-25 mg L-1), pH (3-9) and temperature (15-42 °C) on fluoride removal by Providencia sp. KX926492 were also examined. SEM, EDX and FTIR were performed to analyse the surface texture, elemental composition and functional groups of the bacterium involved in the uptake of fluoride ions. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to identify the isolate. Plackett-Burman design was employed to optimize the various parametric conditions of fluoride removal. Maximum removal of 82% was achieved when the initial fluoride concentration was 20 mgL-1 at pH 7 and 37 °C temperature with dextrose and nitrogen concentrations of 5 and 4 g per 50 mL respectively. Results suggested that Providencia vermicola (KX926492) could be a potential bacterium in removal of fluoride from contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraboni Mukherjee
- Chemical Engg Department, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, 713209, India
| | - Priyanka Sahu
- Chemical Engg Department, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, 713209, India
| | - Gopinath Halder
- Chemical Engg Department, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, 713209, India.
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18
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Jiang L, Liu S, Liu Y, Zeng G, Guo Y, Yin Y, Cai X, Zhou L, Tan X, Huang X. Enhanced adsorption of hexavalent chromium by a biochar derived from ramie biomass (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.) modified with β-cyclodextrin/poly(L-glutamic acid). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:23528-23537. [PMID: 28852975 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper explored biochar modification to enhance biochar's ability to adsorb hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution. The ramie stem biomass was pyrolyzed and then treated by β-cyclodextrin/poly(L-glutamic acid) which contained plentiful functional groups. The pristine and modified biochar were characterized by FTIR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, specific surface area, and zeta potential measurement. Results indicated that the β-cyclodextrin/poly(L-glutamic acid) was successfully bound to the biochar surface. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamics, and adsorption/desorption of Cr(VI). Adsorption capacities of CGA-biochar were significantly higher than that of the untreated biochar, and its maximum adsorption capacity could reach up to 197.21 mg/g at pH 2.0. Results also illustrated that sorption performance depended on initial solution pH; in addition, acidic condition was beneficial to the Cr(VI) uptake. Furthermore, the Cr(VI) uptake was significantly affected by the ion strength and cation species. This study demonstrated that CGA-biochar could be a potential adsorbent for Cr(VI) pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhua Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobo Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Guo
- School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Ave., Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Cai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xixian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
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Shen Y, Wang Y, Shi J, Tan D, Jing X, Xu Q. Modeling and optimization of the electric flocculation of wastewater containing Cr 6+ using response surface methodology. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1374407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Analysis & Testing Center, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Danping Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaohui Jing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qihui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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20
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Ali I, Peng C, Khan ZM, Naz I. Yield cultivation of magnetotactic bacteria and magnetosomes: A review. J Basic Microbiol 2017; 57:643-652. [PMID: 28464298 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201700052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) have started to be employed for the biosynthesis of magnetic nanoparticles, due to the rapidly increasing demand for nanoparticles in biomedical, biotechnology and environmental protection. MBT are the group of prokaryotes that have the ability to produce bio-magnetic minerals or bio-magnetic crystals of either magnetite (Fe3 O4 ) or greigite (Fe3 S4 ) in numerous shapes and size ranges, known as magnetosomes (MS). MS compel MTB to respond to the applied external magnetic field. However, it is extremely difficult to grow MTB and produce high yield of MS under artificial environmental conditions, thus creating a major hurdle to relocate MTB technology from laboratory scale to industrial or commercial level. Therefore, to best of our knowledge this review is the first attempt to highlight existing research developments about the laboratory scale and mass production of MS by MTB. Moreover, the optimum culture media and environmental conditions used for the cultivation of MTB were also considered. Finally, future research is encouraged for the improvement of MS yield which will result in the development of advanced nanotechnology/magnetotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changsheng Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zahid M Khan
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Iffat Naz
- Department of Biology, Scientific Unit, Deanship of Educational services, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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21
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Ansari Z, Saha A, Sen K. On the kinetics of block copolymer mediated palladium quantum dot synthesis: Application in reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). REACT FUNCT POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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22
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Cobalt separation by Alphaproteobacterium MTB-KTN90: magnetotactic bacteria in bioremediation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1899-1911. [PMID: 27503487 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioremediation of toxic metals by magnetotactic bacteria and magnetic separation of metal-loaded magnetotactic bacteria are of great interest. This bioprocess technique is rapid, efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly. In this study, cobalt removal potential of a novel isolated magnetotactic bacterium (Alphaproteobacterium MTB-KTN90) as a new biosorbent was investigated. The effects of various environmental parameters in the cobalt removal and the technique of magnetic separation of cobalt-loaded bacterial cells were studied. Cobalt removal by MTB-KTN90 was very sensitive to pH solution; higher biosorption capacity was observed around pH 6.5-7.0. When biomass concentration increased from 0.009 to 0.09 g/l, the biosorption efficiency increased from 13.87 % to 19.22 %. The sorption of cobalt by MTB-KTN90 was rapid during the first 15 min (859.17 mg/g dry weight). With the increasing of cobalt concentrations from 1 to 225 mg/l, the specific cobalt uptake increased. Maximum cobalt removal (1160.51 ± 15.42 mg/g dry weight) took place at optimum conditions; pH 7.0 with initial cobalt concentration of 115 mg/l at 60 min by 0.015 g/l of dry biomass. The results showed maximum values for constants of Langmuir and Freundlich models so far. The biosorption mechanisms were studied with FTIR, PIXE, and FESEM analysis. Cobalt-loaded MTB-KTN90 had ability to separate from solution by a simple magnetic separator. Magnetic response in MTB-KTN90 is due to the presence of unique intracellular magnetic nanoparticles (magnetosomes). The orientation magnetic separation results indicated that 88.55 % of cobalt was removed from solution. Consequently, Alphaproteobacterium MTB-KTN90 as a new biosorbent opens up good opportunities for the magnetic removal of cobalt from the polluted aquatic environments.
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23
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FTIR, Raman, and XPS analysis during phosphate, nitrate and Cr(VI) removal by amine cross-linking biosorbent. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 468:313-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bagheri M, Younesi H, Hajati S, Borghei SM. Application of chitosan-citric acid nanoparticles for removal of chromium (VI). Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 80:431-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Kim MJ, Jung MJ, Choi SS, Lee YS. Adsorption Characteristics of Chromium Ion at Low Concentration Using Oxyfluorinated Activated Carbon Fibers. APPLIED CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.14478/ace.2015.1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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