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Higashiyama M, Masuda Y, Katagiri A, Toyoda H, Yamada M, Yoshida A, Kato T. Comparison of rhythmic jaw muscle activities induced by electrical stimulations of the corticobulbar tract during rapid eye movement sleep with those during wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement sleep in freely moving guinea pigs. J Oral Biosci 2024:S1349-0079(24)00199-3. [PMID: 39304060 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rhythmic jaw muscle activities (RJMAs) occur during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in humans and animals even though motoneurons are inhibited. The present study compared the characteristics of jaw muscle activities induced by electrical microstimulations of the corticobulbar tract (CT) during REM sleep with those during wakefulness and non-REM sleep. METHODS Eleven guinea pigs were surgically prepared for polygraphic recordings with the implantation of a stimulating electrode. Long- and short-train repetitive electrical microstimulations were applied to the CT under freely moving conditions. The response rate, latency, burst amplitude, and cycle length in the digastric muscle were calculated and cortical and cardiac activities were quantified. RESULTS Long-train microstimulations induced RJMAs in the digastric muscle followed by masseter muscle activity during wakefulness and non-REM sleep and only induced rhythmic digastric muscle activity during REM sleep. The response rate of RJMAs and the burst amplitude of digastric muscles were significantly lower during REM sleep than during wakefulness and non-REM sleep. However, response latency did not significantly differ between REM sleep and wakefulness. Transient cortical and cardiac changes were associated with RJMAs induced during non-REM sleep, but not during REM sleep. Short-train microstimulations induced a short-latency digastric response, the amplitude of which was significantly lower during REM sleep than during non-REM sleep and wakefulness. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the masticatory CPG was activated by electrical CT stimulations independently of the motoneuron inhibitory system during REM sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Higashiyama
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuji Masuda
- Matsumoto Dental University, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Department of Oro-maxillofacial Neurobiology, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan.
| | - Ayano Katagiri
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Toyoda
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Yamada
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care, Takarazuka, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Kato
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan; Sleep Medicine Center Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
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Wu X, Zhou Y, Xi Y, Zhou H, Tang Z, Xiong L, Qin D. Polyphenols: Natural Food-Grade Biomolecules for the Treatment of Nervous System Diseases from a Multi-Target Perspective. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:775. [PMID: 38931442 PMCID: PMC11206395 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are the most prevalent naturally occurring phytochemicals in the human diet and range in complexity from simple molecules to high-molecular-weight polymers. They have a broad range of chemical structures and are generally categorized as "neuroprotective", "anti-inflammatory", and "antioxidant" given their main function of halting disease onset and promoting health. Research has shown that some polyphenols and their metabolites can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and hence increase neuroprotective signaling and neurohormonal effects to provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Therefore, multi-targeted modulation of polyphenols may prevent the progression of neuropsychiatric disorders and provide a new practical therapeutic strategy for difficult-to-treat neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, multi-target modulation of polyphenols has the potential to prevent the progression of neuropsychiatric disorders and provide a new practical therapeutic strategy for such nervous system diseases. Herein, we review the therapeutic benefits of polyphenols on autism-spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, depression, and sleep disorders, along with in vitro and ex vivo experimental and clinical trials. Although their methods of action are still under investigation, polyphenols are still seldom employed directly as therapeutic agents for nervous system disorders. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations and large-scale multicenter randomized controlled trials are required to properly evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and side effects of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yujiang Xi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Haimei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhengxiu Tang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Lei Xiong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.)
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
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Doppler CEJ, Seger A, Farrher E, Régio Brambilla C, Hensel L, Filss CP, Hellmich M, Gogishvili A, Shah NJ, Lerche CW, Neumaier B, Langen KJ, Fink GR, Sommerauer M. Glutamate Signaling in Patients With Parkinson Disease With REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. Neurology 2024; 102:e209271. [PMID: 38630966 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Clinical heterogeneity of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) is well recognized. PD with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a more malignant phenotype with faster motor progression and higher nonmotor symptom burden. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this clinical divergence concerning imbalances in neurotransmitter systems remain elusive. METHODS Combining magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and [11C]ABP688 PET on a PET/MR hybrid system, we simultaneously investigated two different mechanisms of glutamate signaling in patients with PD. Patients were grouped according to their RBD status in overnight video-polysomnography and compared with age-matched and sex-matched healthy control (HC) participants. Total volumes of distribution (VT) of [11C]ABP688 were estimated with metabolite-corrected plasma concentrations during steady-state conditions between 45 and 60 minutes of the scan following a bolus-infusion protocol. Glutamate, glutamine, and glutathione levels were investigated with single-voxel stimulated echo acquisition mode MR spectroscopy of the left basal ganglia. RESULTS We measured globally elevated VT of [11C]ABP688 in 16 patients with PD and RBD compared with 17 patients without RBD and 15 HC participants (F(2,45) = 5.579, p = 0.007). Conversely, glutamatergic metabolites did not differ between groups and did not correlate with the regional VT of [11C]ABP688. VT of [11C]ABP688 correlated with the amount of REM sleep without atonia (F(1,42) = 5.600, p = 0.023) and with dopaminergic treatment response in patients with PD (F(1,30) = 5.823, p = 0.022). DISCUSSION Our results suggest that patients with PD and RBD exhibit altered glutamatergic signaling indicated by higher VT of [11C]ABP688 despite unaffected glutamate levels. The imbalance of glutamate receptors and MR spectroscopy glutamate metabolite levels indicates a novel mechanism contributing to the heterogeneity of PD and warrants further investigation of drugs targeting mGluR5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E J Doppler
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Aline Seger
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Ezequiel Farrher
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Cláudia Régio Brambilla
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Lukas Hensel
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Christian P Filss
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Martin Hellmich
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Ana Gogishvili
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - N Jon Shah
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Christoph W Lerche
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernd Neumaier
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Langen
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Sommerauer
- From the Cognitive Neuroscience (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Neurology (C.E.J.D., A.S., L.H., G.R.F., M.S.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4) (E.F., C.R.B., A.G., N.J.S., C.W.L., K.-J.L.), Forschungszentrum Jülich; Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.P.F., K.-J.L.), RWTH University Hospital, Aachen; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (M.H.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne; Faculty of Medicine (A.G.), RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Engineering Physics Department (A.G.), Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11) (N.J.S.), Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich; JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine (N.J.S.), Aachen; Department of Neurology (N.J.S.), RWTH Aachen University; and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-5) (B.N.), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
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Zhang C, Bo R, Zhou T, Chen N, Yuan Y. The raphe nuclei are the early lesion site of gastric α-synuclein propagation to the substantia nigra. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2057-2076. [PMID: 38799632 PMCID: PMC11119576 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegeneration disease with α-synuclein accumulated in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and most of the dopaminergic neurons are lost in SNpc while patients are diagnosed with PD. Exploring the pathology at an early stage contributes to the development of the disease-modifying strategy. Although the "gut-brain" hypothesis is proposed to explain the underlying mechanism, where the earlier lesioned site in the brain of gastric α-synuclein and how α-synuclein further spreads are not fully understood. Here we report that caudal raphe nuclei (CRN) are the early lesion site of gastric α-synuclein propagating through the spinal cord, while locus coeruleus (LC) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) were further affected over a time frame of 7 months. Pathological α-synuclein propagation via CRN leads to neuron loss and disordered neuron activity, accompanied by abnormal motor and non-motor behavior. Potential neuron circuits are observed among CRN, LC, and SNpc, which contribute to the venerability of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc. These results show that CRN is the key region for the gastric α-synuclein spread to the midbrain. Our study provides valuable details for the "gut-brain" hypothesis and proposes a valuable PD model for future research on early PD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tiantian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Materia Medica, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Naihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Materia Medica, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuhe Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Materia Medica, Beijing 100050, China
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5
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Mogavero MP, Ferri R, Marelli S, Lanza G, Terzaghi M, Castelnuovo A, DelRosso LM, Schenck CH, Ferini‐Strambi L. Polysomnographic features associated with clonazepam and melatonin treatment in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: Time for new therapeutic approaches? CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14569. [PMID: 38421131 PMCID: PMC10850928 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although clonazepam (CLO) and melatonin (MLT) are the most frequently used treatments for REM sleep behavior disorder, the polysomnographic features associated with their use are little known. The aim of this study was to evaluate polysomnographic and clinical parameters of patients with idiopathic/isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) treated chronically with CLO, sustained-release MLT, alone or in combination, and in a group of drug-free iRBD patients. METHODS A total of 96 patients were enrolled: 43 drug-free, 21 with CLO (0.5-2 mg), 20 with sustained-release MLT (1-4 mg), and 12 taking a combination of them (same doses). Clinical variables and polysomnography were collected. RESULTS Although clinical improvement was reported in all groups, MLT impacted sleep architecture more than the other treatments, with significant and large increase in N3 stage, moderate reduction in N2 and REM sleep, and moderate increase in REM latency. CLO moderately increased the percentage of both REM sleep and especially N2, while reducing N1 and wakefulness. Patients treated with both CLO and MLT did not show major changes in sleep architecture. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the administration of MLT or CLO impacts (positively) on sleep parameters of iRBD patients. However, there is a need to better stratify patients, in order to treat them in a targeted manner, depending on the patient's individual sleep architecture and expected differential effects of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P. Mogavero
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Sleep Disorders Center, Division of NeuroscienceSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Sleep Research Centre and Clinical Neurophysiology Research UnitOasi Research Institute – IRCCSTroinaItaly
| | - Sara Marelli
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Sleep Disorders Center, Division of NeuroscienceSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Sleep Research Centre and Clinical Neurophysiology Research UnitOasi Research Institute – IRCCSTroinaItaly
- Department of Surgery and Medical‐Surgical SpecialtiesUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Michele Terzaghi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
- Unit of Sleep Medicine and EpilepsyIRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Alessandra Castelnuovo
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Sleep Disorders Center, Division of NeuroscienceSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | | | - Carlos H. Schenck
- Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry, Hennepin County Medical CenterUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Luigi Ferini‐Strambi
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Sleep Disorders Center, Division of NeuroscienceSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
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6
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Wu J, Zhao Z. Acupuncture in circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and its potential neurochemical mechanisms. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1346635. [PMID: 38318465 PMCID: PMC10839072 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1346635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWDs) are becoming increasingly common in modern societies due to lifestyle changes. The detrimental effects of CRSWDs on sleep and psychological health have attracted considerable attention recently. Alternative remedies for the treatment of CRSWDs have also gained attention in recent years owing to the limitations of medications. Several in vivo and clinical investigations have shown that acupuncture, one of the most important components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been shown to modulate sleep-related circadian rhythms. Owing to the lack of research on the mechanism and effectiveness of acupuncture in treating CRSWDs, clinical applications of acupuncture have not gained popularity. This paper reviews the acupuncture methods, acupoint selection, and biochemical indicators supplied by in vivo and clinical studies to explore the effectiveness of acupuncture, and summarizes the circadian rhythm mechanisms and the acupuncture characteristics on circadian rhythm. The neurochemical mechanisms linked to acupuncture in treating CRSWDs are also outlined from the perspective of the central and peripheral biological clocks. Lastly, the inadequacy of previous studies on CRSWDs and conflicting results regarding acupuncture are explored and future research directions are envisioned.
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7
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Savoie FA, Arpin DJ, Vaillancourt DE. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Nuclear Imaging of Parkinsonian Disorders: Where do we go from here? Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1583-1605. [PMID: 37533246 PMCID: PMC11284713 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230801140648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinsonian disorders are a heterogeneous group of incurable neurodegenerative diseases that significantly reduce quality of life and constitute a substantial economic burden. Nuclear imaging (NI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have played and continue to play a key role in research aimed at understanding and monitoring these disorders. MRI is cheaper, more accessible, nonirradiating, and better at measuring biological structures and hemodynamics than NI. NI, on the other hand, can track molecular processes, which may be crucial for the development of efficient diseasemodifying therapies. Given the strengths and weaknesses of NI and MRI, how can they best be applied to Parkinsonism research going forward? This review aims to examine the effectiveness of NI and MRI in three areas of Parkinsonism research (differential diagnosis, prodromal disease identification, and disease monitoring) to highlight where they can be most impactful. Based on the available literature, MRI can assist with differential diagnosis, prodromal disease identification, and disease monitoring as well as NI. However, more work is needed, to confirm the value of MRI for monitoring prodromal disease and predicting phenoconversion. Although NI can complement or be a substitute for MRI in all the areas covered in this review, we believe that its most meaningful impact will emerge once reliable Parkinsonian proteinopathy tracers become available. Future work in tracer development and high-field imaging will continue to influence the landscape for NI and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix-Antoine Savoie
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, Laboratory for Rehabilitation Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David J. Arpin
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, Laboratory for Rehabilitation Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David E. Vaillancourt
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, Laboratory for Rehabilitation Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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8
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Asano H, Tian YS, Hatabu A, Takagi T, Ueda M, Ikeda K. Safety comparisons among monoamine oxidase inhibitors against Parkinson's disease using FDA adverse event reporting system. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19272. [PMID: 37935702 PMCID: PMC10630381 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors are used to control Parkinson's disease (PD). Selegiline, rasagiline, and safinamide are widely used as MAO-B inhibitors worldwide. Although these drugs inhibit MAO-B, there are pharmacological and chemical differences, such as the inhibitory activity, the non-dopaminergic properties in safinamide, and the amphetamine-like structure in selegiline. MAO-B inhibitors may differ in adverse events (AEs). However, differences in actual practical clinics are not fully investigated. A retrospective study was conducted using FAERS, the largest database of spontaneous adverse events. AE signals for MAO-B inhibitors, including selegiline, rasagiline, and safinamide, were detected using the reporting odds ratio method and compared. Hypocomplementemia, hepatic cyst, hepatic function abnormal, liver disorder and cholangitis were detected for selegiline as drug-specific signals. The amphetamine effect was not confirmed for any of the three MAO-B inhibitors. The tyramine reaction was detected as an AE signal only for rasagiline. Moreover, the REM sleep behavior disorder was not detected as an AE signal for safinamide, suggesting that non-dopaminergic effects might be beneficial. Considering the differences in AEs for MAO-B inhibitors will assist with the appropriate PD medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Asano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yu-Shi Tian
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Asuka Hatabu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenji Ikeda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Yoshizawa M, Tamura Y, Yasuda-Ohata A, Yoshihara S, Takasaki H, Hashioka S. Video polysomnographic analysis of elevated EMG activity and rapid eye movements before abnormal behaviors in REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2023; 21:455-460. [PMID: 38476183 PMCID: PMC10899964 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-023-00472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is unclear. According to the cortical hypothesis, severe RBD episode (RBDE) occurs when spinal motoneurons are less inhibited and cortical and limbic systems are more active. We made this study to prove the hypothesis for the development of RBDE using video-polysomnography (VPSG). VPSG records of 35 patients with RBD were analyzed. According to severity, RBDEs were classified into three motor events (MEs): ME 1; small movements or jerks, ME 2; proximal movements including violent behavior, and ME 3; axial movements including bed falls. For each ME, we measured the number of MEs preceded or not preceded by both REM sleep without atonia (RWA) and REMs during the 10-s-period immediately before ME onset. In severe RBDE (ME 3), the number of MEs preceded by both RWA and REMs was significantly higher than that of MEs not preceded by both (0.8 vs. 0.2, P = 0.033). This was not the case for mild RBDE (ME 1) and moderate RBDE (ME 2). Our results suggest that both RWA and REMs are associated with the development of severe RBDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mondo Yoshizawa
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tamura
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510 Japan
| | - Asami Yasuda-Ohata
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Yoshihara
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510 Japan
| | - Hideki Takasaki
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510 Japan
| | - Sadayuki Hashioka
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510 Japan
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10
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Liu Q, Wang P, Liu C, Xue F, Wang Q, Chen Y, Hou R, Chen T. An investigation of neuromelanin distribution in substantia nigra and locus coeruleus in patients with Parkinson's disease using neuromelanin-sensitive MRI. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:301. [PMID: 37580712 PMCID: PMC10424360 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of neuromelanin in the midbrain is known in Parkinson's disease(PD), which can now be directly detected by neuromelanin-sensitive MRI(NM-MRI). This case-control study was to investigate the distribution of neuromelanin in the substantia nigra(SN) and the locus coeruleus(LC) using NM-MRI technique and evaluate its potential as a diagnostic marker for PD. 10 early PD patients(H&Y stage I, II), 11 progressive PD patients(H&Y stage III-V), and 10 healthy controls matched in age and gender were recruited. All participants completed clinical and psychometric assessments as well as NM-MRI scans. Neuromelanin signal intensities in SN and LC were measured by contrast-to-noise ratios(CNRs) derived from NM-MRI scans. There were significant decreases of CNRs in SNpc(including anterior, central, and posterior) and LC in PD patients compared to controls. There were also significant differences of CNR between the left and right sides. CNR in LC had a negative correlation with the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale(NMSS) score in PD patients(|R|=0.49), whereas CNR in SNpc did not correlate with Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) score(|R|<0.3). The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves revealed that the CNR in LC had a high diagnostic specificity of 90.1% in progressive patients. This study provides new evidence for the asymmetric distribution of neuromelanin in SN and the LC of patients with PD. The neuromelanin loss is bilateral and more predominately in LC than that in SN. This distinct neuromelanin distribution pattern may offer a potential diagnostic marker and a potential neuropharmacological intervention target for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chenghe Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruihua Hou
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Teng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China.
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11
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Samizadeh MA, Fallah H, Toomarisahzabi M, Rezaei F, Rahimi-Danesh M, Akhondzadeh S, Vaseghi S. Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review on Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Sleep Disturbances, REM Behavior Disorder, and Melatonin. Brain Sci 2023; 13:914. [PMID: 37371392 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. There is a wide range of sleep disturbances in patients with PD, such as insomnia and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (or REM behavior disorder (RBD)). RBD is a sleep disorder in which a patient acts out his/her dreams and includes abnormal behaviors during the REM phase of sleep. On the other hand, melatonin is the principal hormone that is secreted by the pineal gland and significantly modulates the circadian clock and mood state. Furthermore, melatonin has a wide range of regulatory effects and is a safe treatment for sleep disturbances such as RBD in PD. However, the molecular mechanisms of melatonin involved in the treatment or control of RBD are unknown. In this study, we reviewed the pathophysiology of PD and sleep disturbances, including RBD. We also discussed the potential molecular mechanisms of melatonin involved in its therapeutic effect. It was concluded that disruption of crucial neurotransmitter systems that mediate sleep, including norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and GABA, and important neurotransmitter systems that mediate the REM phase, including acetylcholine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, are significantly involved in the induction of sleep disturbances, including RBD in PD. It was also concluded that accumulation of α-synuclein in sleep-related brain regions can disrupt sleep processes and the circadian rhythm. We suggested that new treatment strategies for sleep disturbances in PD may focus on the modulation of α-synuclein aggregation or expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Ali Samizadeh
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Hamed Fallah
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Toomarisahzabi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Rezaei
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Rahimi-Danesh
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13337159140, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
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12
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Nobileau A, Gaurav R, Chougar L, Faucher A, Valabrègue R, Mangone G, Leu-Semenescu S, Lejeune FX, Corvol JC, Arnulf I, Vidailhet M, Grabli D, Degos B, Lehéricy S. Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging Changes in the Locus Coeruleus/Subcoeruleus Complex in Patients with Typical and Atypical Parkinsonism. Mov Disord 2023; 38:479-484. [PMID: 36592065 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex (LC/LsC) is a structure comprising melanized noradrenergic neurons. OBJECTIVE To study the LC/LsC damage across Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism in a large group of subjects. METHODS We studied 98 healthy control subjects, 47 patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), 75 patients with PD plus RBD, 142 patients with PD without RBD, 19 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 19 patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). Twelve patients with MSA had proven RBD. LC/LsC signal intensity was derived from neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging using automated software. RESULTS The signal intensity was reduced in all parkinsonian syndromes compared with healthy control subjects, except in PD without RBD. The signal intensity decreased as age increased. Moreover, the signal intensity was lower in MSA than in isolated RBD and PD without RBD groups. In PD, the signal intensity correlated negatively with the percentage of REM sleep without atonia. There were no differences in signal intensity between PD plus RBD, PSP, and MSA. CONCLUSIONS Neuromelanin signal intensity was reduced in all parkinsonian disorders, except in PD without RBD. The presence of RBD in parkinsonian disorders appears to be associated with lower neuromelanin signal intensity. Furthermore, lower LC/LsC signal changes in PSP could be partly caused by the effect of age. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Nobileau
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- ICM, Center for NeuroImaging Research, Paris, France
- Department de Neuroradiology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Rahul Gaurav
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- ICM, Center for NeuroImaging Research, Paris, France
- ICM, Team "Movement Investigations and Therapeutics" (MOV'IT), Paris, France
| | - Lydia Chougar
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- ICM, Center for NeuroImaging Research, Paris, France
- Department de Neuroradiology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- ICM, Team "Movement Investigations and Therapeutics" (MOV'IT), Paris, France
| | - Alice Faucher
- Dynamics and Pathophysiology of Neuronal Networks Team, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS UMR7241/INSERM U1050, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine Saint Denis, Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Romain Valabrègue
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- ICM, Center for NeuroImaging Research, Paris, France
| | - Graziella Mangone
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Department de Neurology, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Smaranda Leu-Semenescu
- Sleep Disorder Unit, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - François-Xavier Lejeune
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Department de Neurology, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Arnulf
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- ICM, Team "Movement Investigations and Therapeutics" (MOV'IT), Paris, France
- Sleep Disorder Unit, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- ICM, Team "Movement Investigations and Therapeutics" (MOV'IT), Paris, France
- Department de Neurology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - David Grabli
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Department de Neurology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Degos
- Dynamics and Pathophysiology of Neuronal Networks Team, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS UMR7241/INSERM U1050, Université PSL, Paris, France
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Avicenne, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine Saint Denis, Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Stéphane Lehéricy
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- ICM, Center for NeuroImaging Research, Paris, France
- Department de Neuroradiology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- ICM, Team "Movement Investigations and Therapeutics" (MOV'IT), Paris, France
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Chen H, Zhang MJ, Wu JA, She YF, Yuan XR, Huo YX, Sun H, Liu DN, Shi XL. Effect of Auricular Acupoint Bloodletting plus Auricular Acupressure on Sleep Quality and Neuroendocrine Level in College Students with Primary Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:1096-1104. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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Leng B, Sun H, Li M, Zhao J, Liu X, Yao R, Shen T, Li Z, Zhang J. Blood neuroexosomal excitatory amino acid transporter-2 is associated with cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease with RBD. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:952368. [PMID: 36081890 PMCID: PMC9445359 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.952368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) predicts cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients without dementia. However, underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Accumulating studies suggest glutamatergic system dysregulation is associated. Objective To examine the effect of RBD on the rate of cognitive decline in PD patients and investigate whether plasma levels of the neuroexosomal vesicular glutamate transporter-1 (VGLUT-1) and excitatory amino acid transporter-2 (EAAT-2) are altered in PD patients with RBD. Methods This study included 157 newly diagnosed cognitive normal PD patients and 70 healthy controls (HCs). Based on one-night polysomnography recordings, the PD subjects were divided into PD with and without RBD (PD-RBD and PD-nRBD) groups. All participants received a complete clinical and neuropsychological evaluation at baseline. Plasma levels of neuroexosomal VGLUT-1 and EAAT-2 were measured by ELISA kits. After a 3-year follow-up, we evaluated baseline plasma levels of neuroexosomal glutamate transporters in each group as a predictor of cognitive decline using MoCA score changes over 3 years in regression models. Results Plasma levels of neuron-derived exosomal EAAT-2 and VGLUT-1 were significantly lower in PD patients than in HCs. Plasma levels of neuroexosomal EAAT-2 were significantly lower in PD-RBD than PD-nRBD group at baseline. At the 3-year follow-up, PD-RBD patients presented greater cognitive decline. Lower baseline blood neuroexosomal EAAT-2 predicted cognitive decline over 3 years in PD-RBD patients (β = 0.064, P = 0.003). Conclusion These findings indicate that blood neuroexosomal EAAT-2 is associated with cognitive decline in PD with RBD.
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García-Gomar MG, Videnovic A, Singh K, Stauder M, Lewis LD, Wald LL, Rosen BR, Bianciardi M. Disruption of Brainstem Structural Connectivity in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Using 7 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Mov Disord 2022; 37:847-853. [PMID: 34964520 PMCID: PMC9018552 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is one of the earliest manifestations of α synucleinopathies. Brainstem pathophysiology underlying REM sleep behavior disorder has been described in animal models, yet it is understudied in living humans because of the lack of an in vivo brainstem nuclei atlas and to the limited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sensitivity. OBJECTIVE To investigate brainstem structural connectivity changes in iRBD patients by using an in vivo probabilistic brainstem nuclei atlas and 7 Tesla MRI. METHODS Structural connectivity of 12 iRBD patients and 12 controls was evaluated by probabilistic tractography. Two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the structural connectivity indices across groups. RESULTS In iRBD, we found impaired (Z = 2.6, P < 0.01) structural connectivity in 14 brainstem nuclei, including the connectivity between REM-on (eg, subcoeruleus [SubC]) and REM sleep muscle atonia (eg, medullary reticular formation) areas. CONCLUSIONS The brainstem nuclei diagram of impaired connectivity in human iRBD expands animal models and is a promising tool to study and possibly assess prodromal synucleinopathy stages. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Guadalupe García-Gomar
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aleksandar Videnovic
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Kavita Singh
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew Stauder
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Laura D. Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lawrence L. Wald
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bruce R. Rosen
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marta Bianciardi
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA
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16
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Wei Y, Xu J, Miao S, Wei K, Peng L, Wang Y, Wei X. Recent advances in the utilization of tea active ingredients to regulate sleep through neuroendocrine pathway, immune system and intestinal microbiota. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7598-7626. [PMID: 35266837 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2048291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disorders have received widespread attention nowadays, which have been promoted by the accelerated pace of life, unhealthy diets and lack of exercise in modern society. The chemical medications to improve sleep has shown serious side effects and risks with high costs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop efficient nutraceuticals from natural sources to ensure sleep quality as a sustainable strategy. As the second most consumed beverage worldwide, the health-promoting effects of tea have long been widely recognized. However, the modulatory effect of teas on sleep disorders has received much less attention. Tea contains various natural sleep-modulating active ingredients such as L-theanine (LTA), caffeine, tea polyphenols (TPP), tea pigments, tea polysaccharides (TPS) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This review focuses on the potential influence and main regulating mechanisms of different tea active ingredients on sleep, including being absorbed by the small intestine and then cross the blood-brain barrier to act on neurons in the brain as neurotransmitters, manipulating the immune system and further affect sleep-wake cycle by regulating the levels of cytokines, and controlling the gut microbes to maintain the homeostasis of circadian rhythm. Current research progress and limitations are summarized and several future development directions are also proposed. This review hopes to provide new insights into the future elucidation of the sleep-regulating mechanisms of different teas and their natural active ingredients and the development of tea-based functional foods for alleviating sleep disorders. HighlightsNatural sleep-modulating active ingredients in tea have been summarized.Influences of drinking tea or tea active ingredients on sleep are reviewed.Three main regulating mechanisms of tea active ingredients on sleep are explained.The associations among nervous system, immune system and intestinal microbiota are investigated.The potential of developing delivery carriers for tea active ingredients is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Siwei Miao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kang Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Peng
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xinlin Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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17
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Kamble N, Bhattacharya A, Hegde S, Vidya N, Gothwal M, Yadav R, Pal PK. Cortical excitability changes as a marker of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2022; 422:113733. [PMID: 34998797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment of different severity with eventual progression to dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) appears during the course of the disease. In this study, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to assess cortical excitability changes in PD patients with varying cognitive impairment. We aimed to identify the TMS parameters that could serve as a non-invasive marker of cognitive impairment in patients with PD. Consecutive PD patients were recruited in the study. Detailed neuropsychological assessment was carried out to identify PD without cognitive impairment (PD-nC), PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD with dementia (PDD). Twenty patients of PDD (2 females and 18 males), 20 PD-MCI (4 females and 16 males), 18 PD-nC (5 females, 13 males) and 18 healthy controls (4 females, and 14 males) were included in the study. All the participants underwent TMS with recording of resting motor threshold, central motor conduction time, silent period, short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF). All the groups were age matched. The SICI was present in all; however, significantly greater inhibition was noted in PDD (Mean±SD; 0.11±0.08) followed by PD-MCI (0.31±0.17), PD-nC (0.49±0.26) and controls (0.61±0.23; p<0.001). The ICF was significantly reduced in PDD (Mean±SD; 0.15±0.18), PD-MCI (0.55±0.31), PD-nC (0.96±0.59), when compared to healthy controls (1.81±0.83; p<0.001). Patients with PD-nC, PD-MCI and PDD had graded reduction in ICF and increasing intracortical inhibition as the disease progressed from PD-nC through PD-MCI to PDD. This suggests progressive overactivity of GABAergic transmission, glutaminergic deficiency with consequent reduction of cholinergic transmission leading to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Kamble
- Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Amitabh Bhattacharya
- Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Shantala Hegde
- Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - N Vidya
- Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohit Gothwal
- Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India.
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18
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Feemster JC, Steele TA, Palermo KP, Ralston CL, Tao Y, Bauer DA, Edgar L, Rivera S, Walters-Smith M, Gossard TR, Teigen LN, Timm PC, Richardson JW, Robert Auger R, Kolla B, McCarter SJ, Boeve BF, Silber MH, St. Louis EK. Abnormal rapid eye movement sleep atonia control in chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Sleep 2021; 45:6484914. [PMID: 34958372 PMCID: PMC8919203 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) share some common features including prominent nightmares and sleep disturbances. We aimed to comparatively analyze REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) between patients with chronic PTSD with and without dream enactment behavior (DEB), isolated RBD (iRBD), and controls. METHODS In this retrospective study, we comparatively analyzed 18 PTSD with DEB (PTSD+DEB), 18 PTSD without DEB, 15 iRBD, and 51 controls matched for age and sex. We reviewed medical records to determine PTSD clinical features and quantitatively analyzed RSWA. We used nonparametric analyses to compare clinical and polysomnographic features. RESULTS PTSD patients, both with and without DEB, had significantly higher RSWA than controls (all p < .025, excepting submentalis phasic duration in PTSD+DEB). Most RSWA measures were also higher in PTSD+DEB than in PTSD without DEB patients (all p < .025). CONCLUSIONS PTSD patients have higher RSWA than controls, whether DEB is present or not, indicating that REM sleep atonia control is abnormal in chronic PTSD. Further prospective studies are needed to determine whether neurodegenerative risk and disease markers similar to RBD might occur in PTSD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Feemster
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tyler A Steele
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kyle P Palermo
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN, USA
| | - Christy L Ralston
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Cornell College, Mount Vernon, IA, USA
| | - Yumeng Tao
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Cornell College, Mount Vernon, IA, USA
| | - David A Bauer
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN, USA
| | - Liam Edgar
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN, USA
| | - Sonia Rivera
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Maxwell Walters-Smith
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Thomas R Gossard
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Luke N Teigen
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paul C Timm
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jarrett W Richardson
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R Robert Auger
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bhanuprakash Kolla
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stuart J McCarter
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael H Silber
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erik K St. Louis
- Mayo Sleep Behavior and Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA,Mayo Clinic Health System Southwest Wisconsin, La Crosse, WI, USA,Corresponding author. Erik K. St. Louis, Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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19
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Zhang D, Wei X, Liu Z, Wu X, Bao C, Sun Y, Su N, Cui J. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of GABA Accumulation during Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Germination. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12171-12186. [PMID: 34610747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) with a history of 5000 years as food is extremely rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a natural four-carbon non-protein amino acid with great benefits to human health. In quinoa, GABA generally increases with the germination time, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Here, we found that the GABA content in quinoa varied significantly among 25 varieties using an automatic amino acid analyzer. Next, six varieties (three low-GABA and three high-GABA varieties) were used for further analyses. The content of GABA in six varieties all showed an increasing trend after germination. In addition, Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the changes in GABA content were closely related to the transcript level or enzyme activity of three key enzymes including glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), GABA transaminase (GABA-T), and succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) in the GABA shunt, especially GAD. Based on RNA-sequencing analysis, eight GAD genes, two GABA-T genes, one SSADH gene, nine polyamine oxidase (PAO) genes, five diamine oxidase (DAO) genes, four 4-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) genes, and three thermospermine synthase ACAULIS5 (ACL5) genes were identified. Among these, CqGAD8 and CqGABA-T2 may make a greater contribution to GABA accumulation during quinoa germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaonan Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ze Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiangyun Wu
- Shanxi Jiaqi Quinoa Dev Company Limited, Shuozhou 038600, China
| | - Changjian Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuzhe Sun
- Nanjing Foreign Language School, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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20
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Abnormal Intracortical Functions in Parkinson's Disease with Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder. Can J Neurol Sci 2021; 49:672-677. [PMID: 34470683 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2021.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is considered to be one of the most frequent and important prodromal symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to study the neurophysiological abnormalities in patients of PD-RBD and PD without RBD (PD-nRBD) using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). METHODS Twenty patients each of PD-RBD and PD-nRBD were included in the study in addition to 20 age and gender-matched healthy controls. RBD was identified using the RBD screening questionnaire (RBDSQ). All the subjects were evaluated with single and paired-pulse TMS and parameters such as resting motor threshold (RMT), central motor conduction time (CMCT), silent period (SP), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were recorded. RESULTS The mean age of the controls and PD patients with and without RBD was comparable. There were no significant differences in RMT, CMCT and silent period between the two patient groups. SICI was present in all the three groups with significant inhibition noted in PD-RBD group (p < 0.001). ICF was absent in patients of PD-RBD (0.19 ± 0.11) and PD-nRBD (0.7 ± 0.5) when compared to controls (1.88 ± 1.02) with profound impairment in patients with PD-RBD (p < 0.001). The mean MoCA score was found to be significantly different in all the three groups with a worse score in patients with RBD (23.10 ± 2.55; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PD-RBD patients have significantly greater inhibition and reduced intracortical facilitation suggesting enhanced GABAergic and reduced glutaminergic transmission. These abnormalities may underlie the different pathophysiological process observed in these patients.
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21
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Suzuki K. Current Update on Clinically Relevant Sleep Issues in Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:971-992. [PMID: 33896849 PMCID: PMC8461662 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are among the common nonmotor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Sleep can be disrupted by nocturnal motor and nonmotor symptoms and other comorbid sleep disorders. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) causes sleep-related injury, has important clinical implications as a harbinger of PD and predicts a progressive clinical phenotype. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and its related symptoms can impair sleep initiation. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a refractory problem affecting patients’ daytime activities. In particular, during the COVID-19 era, special attention should be paid to monitoring sleep problems, as infection-prevention procedures for COVID-19 can affect patients’ motor symptoms, psychiatric symptoms and sleep. Therefore, screening for and managing sleep problems is important in clinical practice, and the maintenance of good sleep conditions may improve the quality of life of PD patients. This narrative review focused on the literature published in the past 10 years, providing a current update of various sleep disturbances in PD patients and their management, including RBD, RLS, EDS, sleep apnea and circadian abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, Japan
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22
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Brink-Kjær A, Cesari M, Sixel-Döring F, Mollenhauer B, Trenkwalder C, Mignot E, Sorensen HBD, Jennum P. Arousal Characteristics in Patients with Parkinson's Disease and Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder. Sleep 2021; 44:6313215. [PMID: 34214165 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Patients diagnosed with isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have altered sleep stability reflecting neurodegeneration in brainstem structures. We hypothesize that neurodegeneration alters the expression of cortical arousals in sleep. METHODS We analyzed polysomnography data recorded from 88 healthy controls (HC), 22 iRBD patients, 82 de novo PD patients without RBD and 32 with RBD (PD+RBD). These patients were also investigated at a 2-year follow-up. Arousals were analyzed using a previously validated automatic system, which used a central EEG lead, electrooculography, and chin electromyography. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to compare group differences at baseline and change to follow-up for arousal index (ArI), shifts in electroencephalographic signals associated with arousals, and arousal chin muscle tone. The regression models were adjusted for known covariates affecting the nature of arousal. RESULTS In comparison to HC, patients with iRBD and PD+RBD showed increased ArI during REM sleep and their arousals showed a significantly lower shift in α-band power at arousals and a higher muscle tone during arousals. In comparison to HC, the PD patients were characterized by a decreased ArI in NREM sleep at baseline. ArI during NREM sleep decreased further at the 2-year follow-up, although not significantly. CONCLUSIONS Patients with PD and iRBD present with abnormal arousal characteristics as scored by an automated method. These abnormalities are likely to be caused by neurodegeneration of the reticular activation system due to alpha-synuclein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brink-Kjær
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.,Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Friederike Sixel-Döring
- Paracelsus-Elena Klinik, Kassel, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Paracelsus-Elena Klinik, Kassel, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Paracelsus-Elena Klinik, Kassel, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Mignot
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Helge B D Sorensen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Poul Jennum
- Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
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23
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Diaconu Ș, Falup-Pecurariu O, Țînț D, Falup-Pecurariu C. REM sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson's disease (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:812. [PMID: 34131435 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia defined by simple or complex abnormal movements occurring in REM state, instead of the physiological muscular atonia. RBD may be idiopathic, or secondary as in the case of Parkinson's disease (PD). Several studies have confirmed that idiopathic RBD may precede with several years the onset of the specific motor characteristics of PD. The high prevalence of RBD in PD (19-70%) may be explained by several common pathophysiological pathways, mainly related to the dopaminergic cell loss. RBD is also associated with several comorbidities, including cognitive impairment, hallucinations, dysautonomia, or daytime sleepiness. The gold standard investigation for the diagnosis and assessment of RBD is video polysomnography, but in clinical practice, the use of clinical scales and questionnaires is reasonable for the screening of this complex parasomnia. Management options include ensuring a safe environment for the patient and pharmacological treatment, incuding clonazepam, melatonin or certain antiparkinsonian drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ștefania Diaconu
- Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University, 500036 Brașov, Romania
| | | | - Diana Țînț
- Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University, 500036 Brașov, Romania.,Department of Electrophysiology and Implantable Devices, Clinicco Hospital, 500059 Brașov, Romania
| | - Cristian Falup-Pecurariu
- Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University, 500036 Brașov, Romania.,Department of Neurology, County Emergency Clinic Hospital, 500365 Brașov, Romania
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Christensen JAE, Jennum PJ, Fagerlund B, Baandrup L. Association of neurocognitive functioning with sleep stage dissociation and REM sleep instability in medicated patients with schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 136:198-203. [PMID: 33610947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many patients with schizophrenia present with impaired cognitive functioning and sleep disturbances. Dissociated stages of sleep represent instability within distinct sleep regulatory cerebral networks. Previous studies found increased rates of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia and a positive association with psychopathology. In this study, we examined if sleep stage dissociation and REM sleep instability was associated with neurocognitive functioning in a sample of medicated patients with schizophrenia. The analyses were performed on 31 baseline polysomnographic recordings as well as baseline data on neurocognitive performance. Regression models were built with the cognitive composite score as primary dependent variable and measures of sleep stage dissociation, including REM sleep without atonia (RSWA), REM sleep without eye movements, non-REM sleep with eye movements, REM sleep percentage in REM periods and REM sleep stability as independent variables. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, total antipsychotic dose, total benzodiazepine dose, and symptom severity. After correction for multiple testing, we found that the neurocognitive composite score was inversely associated with the degree of RSWA. Exploratory analyses with the cognitive sub scores as dependent variables showed that RSWA was associated with cognitive performance across several sub domains. Dissociated sleep stages, specifically the RSWA feature, might represent a new treatment target for improving cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Anja Engelhard Christensen
- Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Poul Jørgen Jennum
- Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lone Baandrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Sleep Disorders in dogs: A Pathophysiological and Clinical Review. Top Companion Anim Med 2021; 43:100516. [PMID: 33556640 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is a fundamental process in mammals, including domestic dogs. Disturbances in sleep affect physiological functions like cognitive and physical performance, immune response, pain sensation and increase the risk of diseases. In dogs, sleep can be affected by several conditions, with narcolepsy, REM sleep behavior disorder and sleep breathing disorders being the most frequent causes. Furthermore, sleep disturbances can be a symptom of other primary diseases where they can contribute to the worsening of clinical signs. This review describes reciprocally interacting sleep and wakefulness promoting systems and how their dysfunction can explain the pathophysiological mechanisms of sleep disorders. Additionally, this work discusses the clinical characteristics, diagnostic tools and available treatments for these disorders while highlighting areas in where further studies are needed so as to improve their treatment and prevention.
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Matsui K, Sasai-Sakuma T, Ishigooka J, Nishimura K, Inoue Y. Effect of Yokukansan for the Treatment of Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Retrospective Analysis of Consecutive Patients. J Clin Sleep Med 2020; 15:1173-1178. [PMID: 31482840 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The herbal medicine Yokukansan (YKS; Yi-Gan San in Chinese) is reported to be effective for treating rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD). However, the effectiveness and safety of YKS treatment have not been confirmed in a large sample. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of YKS treatment on patients with RBD using clinical records. METHODS Treatment outcomes were evaluated using the Clinical Global Impression of Illness Severity (CGI-S) and Improvement (CGI-I) scales. Patients with scores of 1 (very much improved) and 2 (much improved) on the CGI-I were classified as responders. After excluding patients with very mild RBD symptoms and those without detailed clinical information, 36 patients with idiopathic RBD including 17 receiving YKS monotherapy and 19 receiving YKS add-on therapy in addition to other medication were analyzed. RESULTS The patients' mean age [standard deviation, SD] was 69.3 [6.8] years, and the mean duration of RBD morbidity [SD] was 5.7 [3.5] years at the start of YKS treatment. Importantly, 12 of 17 patients (70.6%) receiving YKS monotherapy were responders. However, among patients receiving YKS add-on therapy, the proportion of responders was substantially lower (4 of 19 patients; 21.1%). No adverse events were reported, other than mild gastric distress in one case. CONCLUSIONS Considering the effectiveness of YKS and the low likelihood of adverse events, YKS should be considered as a potential treatment for patients with RBD. CITATION Matsui K, Sasai-Sakuma T, Ishigooka J, Nishimura K, Inoue Y. Effect of yokukansan for the treatment of idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019;15(8):1173-1178.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Matsui
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Somnology Center, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taeko Sasai-Sakuma
- Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Life Sciences and Bio-informatics, Division of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University
| | | | - Katsuji Nishimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Inoue
- Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Somnology Center, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Ozone M, Shimazaki H, Ichikawa H, Shigeta M. Efficacy of yokukansan compared with clonazepam for rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder: a preliminary retrospective study. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:681-690. [PMID: 32478914 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is characterized by abnormal behaviours accordant with nightmares during rapid eye movement sleep and is considered a prodromal marker of dementia with Lewy body. Most common in the elderly population, RBD is generally treated with clonazepam (CZP), a long-term acting benzodiazepine antiepileptic. As such, alternative drugs for RBD are urgently needed to minimize the adverse effects peculiar to benzodiazepines. The efficacy of yokukansan (YKS), a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, on RBD was initially reported by Shinno et al. in 2008. However, no study has compared YKS with CZP. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the possibility of using YKS as an alternative to CZP. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at Jikei University Affiliated Hospital. The subjects were selected from 36 outpatients who had been diagnosed with RBD based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, third edition. Of the 23 who met the inclusion criteria but not the exclusion criteria, 11 were treated with YKS monotherapy, and 12 were treated with CZP monotherapy. The primary outcome was the total score on the Japanese version of the Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder Questionnaire (RBDQ-JP), and the secondary outcomes were the scores from the eight-item Short-Form Health Survey and factors 1 and 2 of the RBDQ-JP. RESULTS The mean total RBDQ-JP score significantly improved from 52.5 to 21.7 (P = 0.002) after treatment with YKS (mean dosage: 3.0 g/day), which was similar to the change after CZP treatment (from 43.8 to 21.3). On RBDQ-JP factor 1 (dream content), the mean score on five of six items significantly improved after treatment with YKS. There was no significant change in Short-Form Health Survey scores after treatment with either drug. Potassium concentrations were within the normal range in patients treated with YKS. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that a small amount of YKS may be an alternative to CZP for RBD, without remarkable adverse events. Further study is needed to prospectively clarify the efficacy and safety of YKS in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Ozone
- Department of Psychiatry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hayato Shimazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikaru Ichikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shigeta
- Department of Psychiatry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Sunwoo JS, Cha KS, Byun JI, Kim TJ, Jun JS, Lim JA, Lee ST, Jung KH, Park KI, Chu K, Kim HJ, Kim M, Lee SK, Kim KH, Schenck CH, Jung KY. Abnormal activation of motor cortical network during phasic REM sleep in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep 2019; 42:5184577. [PMID: 30445515 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives We investigated electroencephalography (EEG) power spectral density and functional connectivity during phasic and tonic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and examined any differences between patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) and controls. Methods EEG data from 13 people with iRBD (mean age, 66.3 years; men, 84.6%) and 10 controls (mean age, 62.3 years; men, 70%) were analyzed. We selected thirty 3 s miniepochs of both tonic and phasic REM sleep. We estimated relative power for six frequency bands. For functional connectivity analysis, we calculated weighted phase lag index (wPLI) and conducted pairwise comparisons between the two groups. Results EEG power spectral analysis revealed significant interactions between the REM sleep state (phasic vs. tonic) and group at sigma (p = 0.009) and beta (p = 0.002) bands. Sigma- and beta-power decrease during phasic REM sleep was more pronounced and extensive in people with iRBD than in controls. Regarding functional connectivity, there were significant interactions between the REM sleep state and group at alpha (p = 0.029), sigma (p = 0.047), beta (p = 0.015), and gamma (p = 0.046) bands. The average wPLI was significantly higher during phasic REM sleep than during tonic REM sleep, which was observed in people with iRBD but not in controls. The altered functional connections mainly involved the frontal and parietal regions at beta and gamma bands. Conclusions Our findings provide neurophysiological evidence for pathological motor cortex activation during phasic REM sleep which may be associated with generation of dream-enacting behaviors in iRBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Sang Sunwoo
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang Su Cha
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ick Byun
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sun Jun
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Lim
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soon-Tae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keun-Hwa Jung
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Il Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kon Chu
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Kun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Carlos H Schenck
- Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center, and Department of Psychiatry, Hennepin County Medical Center and University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Ki-Young Jung
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Galbiati A, Carli G, Hensley M, Ferini-Strambi L. REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Alzheimer's Disease: Definitely No Relationship? J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:1-11. [PMID: 29578489 DOI: 10.3233/jad-171164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a REM sleep parasomnia characterized by the loss of the typical muscular atonia present during healthy REM sleep. RBD can occur in the absence of other neurological conditions or in association with a neurodegenerative disorder. It is now well established that RBD is a strong predictor of neurodegeneration, in particular synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia (LBD), or multiple system atrophy. However, some longitudinal studies report that a minority of patients develop either overlapping form of dementia or Alzheimer disease's (AD). Although AD is reported as a possible development in patients with RBD, it is in a limited number of cases and there are concerns about the accuracy of the diagnostic criteria. Neuropsychological impairments identified in cross-sectional studies of RBD patients describe a profile similar to that observed in dementia related to synucleinopathies. However, only deficits in executive function predict the development of neurodegeneration. Longitudinal studies reported the development of AD in RBD patients in about 7% of cases with variability ranging from 3% and 11%. Since the majority of longitudinal investigations do not report AD as a possible development for RBD patients the proportion may be overestimated. The study of the relationship between RBD and AD may be confounded by two factors that lead to misdiagnosis: the use of clinical criteria alone and the overlap between the clinical features and neuropathology of AD and LBD. Future studies to investigate this association must use updated diagnostic criteria incorporating ancillary investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Galbiati
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology - Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy.,"Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, Faculty of Psychology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carli
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology - Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael Hensley
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Luigi Ferini-Strambi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology - Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy.,"Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, Faculty of Psychology, Milan, Italy
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30
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Benarroch EE. Control of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems during sleep. Auton Neurosci 2019; 218:54-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Baldelli L, Addimanda O, Burattini M, Chiaro G, Brusi V, Pignotti E, Meliconi R, Provini F. Nightmare disorder and REM sleep behavior disorder in inflammatory arthritis: Possibility beyond neurodegeneration. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01230. [PMID: 30770647 PMCID: PMC6422707 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) to ascertain if RBD could be an internal red flag signaling a fluctuating state of inflammation based on the theory of "protoconsciousness". MATERIALS & METHODS One hundred and three patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IA were consecutively recruited. The patients underwent general (IA activity, functional status, laboratory tests) and neurological evaluations. A neurologist investigated RBD and REM sleep parasomnias in a semi-structured interview. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, while the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) was evaluated with the Berlin questionnaire. Beck Depression Inventory II and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory investigated depression and anxiety. RESULTS Patients had a mean age of 53.7 ± 14.6 years, 65% were women; 57.3% were in a clinically active phase of IA. Two women fulfilled ICSD-3 criteria for RBD appearing 11 years after and 20 years before IA onset respectively. 31 patients scored positive for nightmare disorder (ND), 8 for recurrent isolated sleep paralysis. 65 (63.1%) patients reported poor sleep quality and 25 (24.3%) resulted at high risk for OSAS. 32 (31.0%) patients scored positively for depression or anxiety. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of RBD in patients with IA did not differ from that in the general population, whereas ND presented a 2-fold increased prevalence. Whether RBD can be considered a red flag signaling an internal danger remains an open question, while ND may be a new player in this intriguing relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Baldelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Olga Addimanda
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Rizzoli Ortopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Burattini
- Neurological Clinic, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giacomo Chiaro
- Sleep and Epilepsy Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Civic Hospital of Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Veronica Brusi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Rizzoli Ortopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elettra Pignotti
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Rizzoli Ortopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Riccardo Meliconi
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Rizzoli Ortopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Provini
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Valencia Garcia S, Fort P. Un sommeil paradoxal agité peut refléter l’émergence de maladies neurodégénératives. Med Sci (Paris) 2018; 34:771-773. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2018200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Héricé C, Patel AA, Sakata S. Circuit mechanisms and computational models of REM sleep. Neurosci Res 2018; 140:77-92. [PMID: 30118737 PMCID: PMC6403104 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
REM sleep was discovered in the 1950s. Many hypothalamic and brainstem areas have been found to contribute to REM sleep. An up-to-date picture of REM-sleep-regulating circuits is reviewed. A brief overview of computational models for REM sleep regulation is provided. Outstanding issues for future studies are discussed.
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep or paradoxical sleep is an elusive behavioral state. Since its discovery in the 1950s, our knowledge of the neuroanatomy, neurotransmitters and neuropeptides underlying REM sleep regulation has continually evolved in parallel with the development of novel technologies. Although the pons was initially discovered to be responsible for REM sleep, it has since been revealed that many components in the hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, and medulla also contribute to REM sleep. In this review, we first provide an up-to-date overview of REM sleep-regulating circuits in the brainstem and hypothalamus by summarizing experimental evidence from neuroanatomical, neurophysiological and gain- and loss-of-function studies. Second, because quantitative approaches are essential for understanding the complexity of REM sleep-regulating circuits and because mathematical models have provided valuable insights into the dynamics underlying REM sleep genesis and maintenance, we summarize computational studies of the sleep-wake cycle, with an emphasis on REM sleep regulation. Finally, we discuss outstanding issues for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Héricé
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Amisha A Patel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Shuzo Sakata
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
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The REM sleep circuit and how its impairment leads to REM sleep behavior disorder. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 373:245-266. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2852-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Ventromedial medulla inhibitory neuron inactivation induces REM sleep without atonia and REM sleep behavior disorder. Nat Commun 2018; 9:504. [PMID: 29402935 PMCID: PMC5799338 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research, there is a persistent debate regarding the localization of GABA/glycine neurons responsible for hyperpolarizing somatic motoneurons during paradoxical (or REM) sleep (PS), resulting in the loss of muscle tone during this sleep state. Combining complementary neuroanatomical approaches in rats, we first show that these inhibitory neurons are localized within the ventromedial medulla (vmM) rather than within the spinal cord. We then demonstrate their functional role in PS expression through local injections of adeno-associated virus carrying specific short-hairpin RNA in order to chronically impair inhibitory neurotransmission from vmM. After such selective genetic inactivation, rats display PS without atonia associated with abnormal and violent motor activity, concomitant with a small reduction of daily PS quantity. These symptoms closely mimic human REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a prodromal parasomnia of synucleinopathies. Our findings demonstrate the crucial role of GABA/glycine inhibitory vmM neurons in muscle atonia during PS and highlight a candidate brain region that can be susceptible to α-synuclein-dependent degeneration in RBD patients.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Review of recent literature pertaining to frequency, associations, mechanisms, and overall significance of sleep--wake disturbances (SWD) in the premotor and early phase of Parkinson's disease. RECENT FINDINGS SWD are frequent in Parkinson's disease and their prevalence increases with disease progression. Recent studies confirm previous findings that SWD can appear as initial manifestation of Parkinson's disease even decades before motor signs appear and highlight their clinical associations in these early stages. More intriguingly, new evidence underpins their role as risk factors, predictors, or even as driving force for the neurodegenerative process. As our understanding of sleep--wake neurobiology increases, new hypotheses emerge concerning the pathophysiology of SWD in early Parkinson's disease stages involving dopaminergic and nondopaminergic mechanisms. SUMMARY SWD are predictors for the development of parkinsonian syndromes including Parkinson's disease. This may offer the opportunity of developing new preventive strategies and interventions at an early stage of this neurodegenerative disease.
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Fort P, Valencia Garcia S. [The neuronal keepers of our dreams identified: are they a target of Parkinson disease?]. Med Sci (Paris) 2017; 33:828-831. [PMID: 28994371 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20173310006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Fort
- SLEEP Team, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), CNRS UMR 5292, Inserm U1028, 7, rue Guillaume Paradin, F-69008 Lyon, France - SLEEP Team, université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7, rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372, Lyon, France
| | - Sara Valencia Garcia
- SLEEP Team, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), CNRS UMR 5292, Inserm U1028, 7, rue Guillaume Paradin, F-69008 Lyon, France - SLEEP Team, université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7, rue Guillaume Paradin, 69372, Lyon, France - Friedrich Miescher institute for biomedical research, maulbeerstrasse 66 (R-1066.4.28), 4058, Bâle, Suisse
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Bardóczi Z, Pál B, Kőszeghy Á, Wilheim T, Watanabe M, Záborszky L, Liposits Z, Kalló I. Glycinergic Input to the Mouse Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons. J Neurosci 2017; 37:9534-9549. [PMID: 28874448 PMCID: PMC5618268 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3348-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal forebrain (BF) receives afferents from brainstem ascending pathways, which has been implicated first by Moruzzi and Magoun (1949) to induce forebrain activation and cortical arousal/waking behavior; however, it is very little known about how brainstem inhibitory inputs affect cholinergic functions. In the current study, glycine, a major inhibitory neurotransmitter of brainstem neurons, and gliotransmitter of local glial cells, was tested for potential interaction with BF cholinergic (BFC) neurons in male mice. In the BF, glycine receptor α subunit-immunoreactive (IR) sites were localized in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-IR neurons. The effect of glycine on BFC neurons was demonstrated by bicuculline-resistant, strychnine-sensitive spontaneous IPSCs (sIPSCs; 0.81 ± 0.25 × 10-1 Hz) recorded in whole-cell conditions. Potential neuronal as well as glial sources of glycine were indicated in the extracellular space of cholinergic neurons by glycine transporter type 1 (GLYT1)- and GLYT2-IR processes found in apposition to ChAT-IR cells. Ultrastructural analyses identified synapses of GLYT2-positive axon terminals on ChAT-IR neurons, as well as GLYT1-positive astroglial processes, which were localized in the vicinity of synapses of ChAT-IR neurons. The brainstem raphe magnus was determined to be a major source of glycinergic axons traced retrogradely from the BF. Our results indicate a direct effect of glycine on BFC neurons. Furthermore, the presence of high levels of plasma membrane glycine transporters in the vicinity of cholinergic neurons suggests a tight control of extracellular glycine in the BF.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Basal forebrain cholinergic (BFC) neurons receive various activating inputs from specific brainstem areas and channel this information to the cortex via multiple projections. So far, very little is known about inhibitory brainstem afferents to the BF. The current study established glycine as a major regulator of BFC neurons by (1) identifying glycinergic neurons in the brainstem projecting to the BF, (2) showing glycine receptor α subunit-immunoreactive (IR) sites in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-IR neurons, (3) demonstrating glycine transporter type 2 (GLYT2)-positive axon terminals synapsing on ChAT-IR neurons, and (4) localizing GLYT1-positive astroglial processes in the vicinity of synapses of ChAT-IR neurons. The effect of glycine on BFC neurons was demonstrated by bicuculline-resistant, strychnine-sensitive spontaneous IPSCs recorded in whole-cell conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Bardóczi
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, HAS, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University, School of PH.D. Studies, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Pál
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Áron Kőszeghy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Wilheim
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, HAS, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - László Záborszky
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and
| | - Zsolt Liposits
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, HAS, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Kalló
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, HAS, 1083, Budapest, Hungary,
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
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42
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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Other Sleep Disturbances in Non-Alzheimer Dementias. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-017-0078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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43
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Al-Qassabi A, Fereshtehnejad SM, Postuma RB. Sleep Disturbances in the Prodromal Stage of Parkinson Disease. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2017; 19:22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11940-017-0458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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44
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Xie Z, Chen F, Li WA, Geng X, Li C, Meng X, Feng Y, Liu W, Yu F. A review of sleep disorders and melatonin. Neurol Res 2017; 39:559-565. [PMID: 28460563 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1315864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zizhen Xie
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - William A. Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Changhong Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Meng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchun Yu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, China
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45
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Sleep/wake movement velocities, trajectories and micro-arousals during maturation in rats. BMC Neurosci 2017; 18:24. [PMID: 28173758 PMCID: PMC5297220 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-017-0343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Sleep is regulated by two main processes.
The circadian process provides a 24-h rhythm and the homeostatic process reflects sleep pressure, which increases in the course of wakefulness and decreases during sleep. Both of these processes undergo major changes during development. For example, sleep homeostasis, measured by means of electroencephalogram (EEG) slow-wave activity (SWA, EEG power between 0.5 and 4.5 Hz), peaks around puberty and decreases during adolescence. In humans and rats these changes have been related to cortical maturation. We aimed to explore whether additional parameters as state dynamic (dynamic of sleep/wake behavior) parameters of movement velocity, trajectories and micro-arousals provide markers of rat maturation. The state dynamics reflect the stability of sleep within a specific sleep stage. We applied a state space technique (SST), a quantitative and unbiased method, based on frequency band ratios of the EEG to analyze the development of different sleep/wake states and state dynamics between vigilance states. EEG of recording electrodes at the frontal and parietal lobe were analyzed using conventional scoring criteria and SST.
Results We found that movement velocity, trajectories between sleep states and micro-arousals changed as an inverse U-shaped curve across maturation. At all ages, movement velocity over the frontal lobe is higher compared to the parietal lobe, while the number of trajectories and micro-arousals are reduced. Furthermore, we showed that SWA correlates negatively with movement velocity and the number of micro-arousals. The velocity in the parietal lobe correlates positively with the number of micro-arousals. As for SWA, trajectories seem primarily to depend on sleep homeostasis regulatory mechanisms while the movement velocity seems to be modulated by other sleep regulators like the circadian rhythms. Conclusions New insights in sleep/wake state dynamics are established with the SST, because trajectories, micro-arousals and velocities are not evident by traditional scoring methods. These dynamic measures may represent new indicators for changes in sleep regulatory processes across maturation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12868-017-0343-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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46
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A New Perspective for Parkinson's Disease: Circadian Rhythm. Neurosci Bull 2016; 33:62-72. [PMID: 27995565 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-016-0089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm is manifested by the behavioral and physiological changes from day to night, which is controlled by the pacemaker and its regulator. The former is located at the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) in the anterior hypothalamus, while the latter is composed of clock genes present in all tissues. Circadian desynchronization influences normal patterns of day-night rhythms such as sleep and alertness cycles, rest and activity cycles. Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibits diurnal fluctuations. Circadian dysfunction has been observed in PD patients and animal models, which may result in negative consequences to the homeostasis and even exacerbate the disease progression. Therefore, circadian therapies, including light stimulation, physical activity, dietary and social schedules, may be helpful for PD patients. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the circadian dysfunction in PD remain elusive. Further research on circadian patterns is needed. This article summarizes the existing research on the circadian rhythms in PD, focusing on the clinical symptom variations, molecular changes, as well as the available treatment options.
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47
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Tan SM, Wan YM. Pramipexole in the treatment of REM sleep behaviour disorder: A critical review. Psychiatry Res 2016; 243:365-72. [PMID: 27449005 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
While widely accepted as a first-line treatment for rapid eye movement sleep (REM) behaviour disorder, clonazepam (CNZP) has side effects that limit its applicability. Pramipexole is a possible alternative, but limited literature on its effectiveness exists. This review aims to summarize the available data on the use of pramipexole in REM sleep behaviour disorder. A systematic search of major databases was conducted to look for published and on-going trials. This search yielded a total of five articles, all of which are observational in nature. Factors associated with effectiveness include low doses (less than 1.5mg/day) and idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder/absence of neurodegenerative disease. Overall, the evidence is inconclusive. This is due to the lack of randomised controlled trials and the challenges in interpreting polysomgraphy findings in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Suggestions are given on how future trials evaluating pramipexole treatment in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder could overcome current methodological issues in extant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Min Wan
- Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore.
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48
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Arrigoni E, Chen MC, Fuller PM. The anatomical, cellular and synaptic basis of motor atonia during rapid eye movement sleep. J Physiol 2016; 594:5391-414. [PMID: 27060683 DOI: 10.1113/jp271324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a recurring part of the sleep-wake cycle characterized by fast, desynchronized rhythms in the electroencephalogram (EEG), hippocampal theta activity, rapid eye movements, autonomic activation and loss of postural muscle tone (atonia). The brain circuitry governing REM sleep is located in the pontine and medullary brainstem and includes ascending and descending projections that regulate the EEG and motor components of REM sleep. The descending signal for postural muscle atonia during REM sleep is thought to originate from glutamatergic neurons of the sublaterodorsal nucleus (SLD), which in turn activate glycinergic pre-motor neurons in the spinal cord and/or ventromedial medulla to inhibit motor neurons. Despite work over the past two decades on many neurotransmitter systems that regulate the SLD, gaps remain in our knowledge of the synaptic basis by which SLD REM neurons are regulated and in turn produce REM sleep atonia. Elucidating the anatomical, cellular and synaptic basis of REM sleep atonia control is a critical step for treating many sleep-related disorders including obstructive sleep apnoea (apnea), REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) and narcolepsy with cataplexy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elda Arrigoni
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Michael C Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Patrick M Fuller
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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49
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Ehrminger M, Latimier A, Pyatigorskaya N, Garcia-Lorenzo D, Leu-Semenescu S, Vidailhet M, Lehericy S, Arnulf I. The coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Brain 2016; 139:1180-8. [PMID: 26920675 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder is characterized by nocturnal violence, increased muscle tone during rapid eye movement sleep and the lack of any other neurological disease. However, idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder can precede parkinsonism and dementia by several years. Using 3 T magnetic resonance imaging and neuromelanin-sensitive sequences, we previously found that the signal intensity was reduced in the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus area of patients with Parkinson's disease and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Here, we studied the integrity of the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex with neuromelanin-sensitive imaging in 21 patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and compared the results with those from 21 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. All subjects underwent a clinical examination, motor, cognitive, autonomous, psychological, olfactory and colour vision tests, and rapid eye movement sleep characterization using video-polysomnography and 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. The patients more frequently had preclinical markers of alpha-synucleinopathies, including constipation, olfactory deficits, orthostatic hypotension, and subtle motor impairment. Using neuromelanin-sensitive imaging, reduced signal intensity was identified in the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus complex of the patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour. The mean sensitivity of the visual analyses of the signal performed by neuroradiologists who were blind to the clinical diagnoses was 82.5%, and the specificity was 81% for the identification of idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour. The results confirm that this complex is affected in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour (to the same degree as it is affected in Parkinson's disease). Neuromelanin-sensitive imaging provides an early marker of non-dopaminergic alpha-synucleinopathy that can be detected on an individual basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Ehrminger
- Sleep Disorders Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France Sorbonne University, UPMC Paris-6, Paris, France
| | - Alice Latimier
- Sleep Disorders Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France Sorbonne University, UPMC Paris-6, Paris, France Brain and Spine Institute - ICM, Centre for Neuroimaging Research - CENIR, UPMC UMR 1127; Inserm U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225, Team Control of Normal and Abnormal Movement, Paris, France
| | - Nadya Pyatigorskaya
- Sorbonne University, UPMC Paris-6, Paris, France Brain and Spine Institute - ICM, Centre for Neuroimaging Research - CENIR, UPMC UMR 1127; Inserm U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225, Team Control of Normal and Abnormal Movement, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Garcia-Lorenzo
- Sorbonne University, UPMC Paris-6, Paris, France Brain and Spine Institute - ICM, Centre for Neuroimaging Research - CENIR, UPMC UMR 1127; Inserm U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225, Team Control of Normal and Abnormal Movement, Paris, France
| | - Smaranda Leu-Semenescu
- Sleep Disorders Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France Sorbonne University, UPMC Paris-6, Paris, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Sorbonne University, UPMC Paris-6, Paris, France Brain and Spine Institute - ICM, Centre for Neuroimaging Research - CENIR, UPMC UMR 1127; Inserm U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225, Team Control of Normal and Abnormal Movement, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Lehericy
- Sorbonne University, UPMC Paris-6, Paris, France Brain and Spine Institute - ICM, Centre for Neuroimaging Research - CENIR, UPMC UMR 1127; Inserm U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225, Team Control of Normal and Abnormal Movement, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Arnulf
- Sleep Disorders Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France Sorbonne University, UPMC Paris-6, Paris, France Brain and Spine Institute - ICM, Centre for Neuroimaging Research - CENIR, UPMC UMR 1127; Inserm U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225, Team Control of Normal and Abnormal Movement, Paris, France INSERM AP-HP, CIC-1421, University Hospital, Paris, 75013, France
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50
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De Carli F, Proserpio P, Morrone E, Sartori I, Ferrara M, Gibbs SA, De Gennaro L, Lo Russo G, Nobili L. Activation of the motor cortex during phasic rapid eye movement sleep. Ann Neurol 2016; 79:326-30. [PMID: 26575212 PMCID: PMC5066659 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
When dreaming during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, we can perform complex motor behaviors while remaining motionless. How the motor cortex behaves during this state remains unknown. Here, using intracerebral electrodes sampling the human motor cortex in pharmacoresistant epileptic patients, we report a pattern of electroencephalographic activation during REM sleep similar to that observed during the performance of a voluntary movement during wakefulness. This pattern is present during phasic REM sleep but not during tonic REM sleep, the latter resembling relaxed wakefulness. This finding may help clarify certain phenomenological aspects observed in REM sleep behavior disorder. Ann Neurol 2016;79:326–330
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio De Carli
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, Genoa Section, National Research Council, Genoa
| | - Paola Proserpio
- C. Munari Center of Epilepsy Surgery, Niguarda Hospital, Milan
| | - Elisa Morrone
- Clinical Neurophysiology Service, University of Genoa, Genoa
| | - Ivana Sartori
- C. Munari Center of Epilepsy Surgery, Niguarda Hospital, Milan
| | - Michele Ferrara
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila
| | | | - Luigi De Gennaro
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lino Nobili
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, Genoa Section, National Research Council, Genoa.,C. Munari Center of Epilepsy Surgery, Niguarda Hospital, Milan
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