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Silva-Caballero A, Ball HL, Kramer KL, Bentley GR. Sleep tight! Adolescent sleep quality across three distinct sleep ecologies. Evol Med Public Health 2023; 11:448-460. [PMID: 38044930 PMCID: PMC10693291 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Good sleep quality, associated with few arousals, no daytime sleepiness and self-satisfaction with one's sleep, is pivotal for adolescent growth, maturation, cognition and overall health. This article aims to identify what ecological factors impact adolescent sleep quality across three distinct sleep ecologies representing a gradient of dense urbanity to small, rural environments with scarce artificial lighting and no Internet. Methodology We analyze variation of sleep efficiency, a quantitative measure of sleep quality-defined as the ratio of total time spent asleep to total time dedicated to sleep-in two agricultural indigenous populations and one post-industrial group in Mexico (Campeche = 44, Puebla = 51, Mexico City = 50, respectively). Data collection included actigraphy, sleep diaries, questionnaires, interviews and ethnographic observations. We fit linear models to examine sleep efficiency variation within and between groups. Results We found that sleep efficiency varied significantly across sites, being highest in Mexico City (88%) and lowest in Campeche (75%). We found that variation in sleep efficiency was significantly associated with nightly exposure to light and social sleep practices. Conclusions and implications Our findings point toward contextual cost-benefits of sleep disruption in adolescence. We highlight the need to prioritize research on adolescent sleep quality across distinct developmental ecologies and its impact on health to improve adolescent wellbeing through evidence-based health practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Silva-Caballero
- Institute of Anthropological Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Helen L Ball
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Karen L Kramer
- Department of Anthropology, Univesity of Utah, Salt Lake City, RM 4625, USA
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Simonsen SE, Sunada GR, Digre K, Stark LA, Mukundente V, Napia E, Tavake-Pasi F, Villalta J, Lee D, Davis F, Sanchez-Birkhead A, Brown BH, Baron KG. Short sleep duration and interest in sleep improvement in a multi-ethnic cohort of diverse women participating in a community-based wellness intervention: an unmet need for improvement. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:188. [PMID: 37081433 PMCID: PMC10120218 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disparities in sleep duration are a modifiable contributor to increased risk for cardiometabolic disorders in communities of color. We examined the prevalence of short sleep duration and interest in improving sleep among a multi-ethnic sample of women participating in a culturally tailored wellness coaching program and discussed steps to engage communities in sleep health interventions. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial were used. The wellness coaching trial utilized a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach. Data were from the baseline survey and baseline wellness coaching notes. Short sleep duration was defined as < 7 h of self-reported sleep. Participants were prompted to set a goal related to healthy eating/physical activity and had the opportunity to set another goal on any topic of interest. Those who set a goal related to improving sleep or who discussed a desire to improve sleep during coaching were classified as having an interest in sleep improvement. Analyses utilized multivariable models to evaluate factors contributing to short sleep and interest in sleep improvement. We present our process of discussing results with community leaders and health workers. RESULTS A total of 485 women of color participated in the study. Among these, 199 (41%) reported short sleep duration. In adjusted models, Blacks/African Americans and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders had higher odds of reporting < 7 h of sleep than Hispanics/Latinas. Depression symptoms and self-reported stress management scores were significantly associated with short sleep duration. Interest in sleep improvement was noted in the wellness coaching notes of 52 women (10.7%); sleep was the most common focus of goals not related to healthy eating/physical activity. African Immigrants/Refugees and African Americans were less likely to report interest in sleep improvement. Community leaders and health workers reported lack of awareness of the role of sleep in health and discussed challenges to obtaining adequate sleep in their communities. CONCLUSION Despite the high prevalence of short sleep duration, interest in sleep improvement was generally low. This study highlights a discrepancy between need and interest, and our process of community engagement, which can inform intervention development for addressing sleep duration among diverse women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Simonsen
- University of Utah College of Nursing, 10 South 2000 East Rm 4200, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Grant R Sunada
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Public Health, 375 Chipeta Wy Suite A, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108, USA
| | - Kathleen Digre
- Departments of Neurology, Ophthalmology, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, 175 N Medical Dr E Rm 5001, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Louisa A Stark
- University of Utah Genetic Science Learning Ctr, 515 E 100 S Rm 300, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
| | | | - Ed Napia
- Urban Indian Center of Salt Lake, 120 West 1300 South, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84115, USA
| | - Fahina Tavake-Pasi
- National Tongan American Society, 3007 South West Temple #H, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84115, USA
| | - Jeannette Villalta
- Hispanic Health Care Task Force, 5280 Commerce Dr. Suite E140, Murray, Utah, 84107, USA
| | - Doriena Lee
- Calvary Baptist Church, 1090 South State Street, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84111, USA
| | - France Davis
- Calvary Baptist Church, 1090 South State Street, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84111, USA
| | - Ana Sanchez-Birkhead
- University of Utah College of Nursing, 10 South 2000 East Rm 4200, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - B Heather Brown
- University of Utah Center for Clinical and Translational Science, 515 East 100 South, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA
| | - Kelly G Baron
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Public Health, 375 Chipeta Wy Suite A, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108, USA
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3
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Sleep deprivation among adolescents in urban and indigenous-rural Mexican communities. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1058. [PMID: 36658329 PMCID: PMC9852252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparing the nature of adolescent sleep across urban and more isolated, rural settings through an ecological, cross-cultural perspective represents one way to inform sleep nuances and broaden our understanding of human development, wellbeing and evolution. Here we tested the Social Jetlag Hypothesis, according to which contemporary, urban lifestyles and technological advances are associated with sleep insufficiency in adolescents. We documented the adolescent sleep duration (11-16 years old; X̅ = 13.7 ± 1.21; n = 145) in two small agricultural, indigenous and one densely urban context in Mexico to investigate whether adolescents in socio-ecologically distinct locations experience sleep deprivation. Sleep data was assembled with actigraphy, sleep diaries and standardized questionnaires. We employed multilevel models to analyze how distinct biological and socio-cultural factors (i.e., pubertal maturation, chronotype, napping, gender, working/schooling, access to screen-based devices, exposure to light, and social sleep practices) shape adolescent sleep duration. Results suggest that the prevalence of adolescent short sleep quotas is similar in rural, more traditional environments compared to highly urbanized societies, and highlight the influence of social activities on the expression of human sleep. This study challenges current assumptions about natural sleep and how adolescents slept before contemporary technological changes occurred.
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McKinnon L, Samson DR, Nunn CL, Rowlands A, Salvante KG, Nepomnaschy PA. Technological infrastructure, sleep, and rest-activity patterns in a Kaqchikel Maya community. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277416. [PMID: 36383619 PMCID: PMC9668134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep duration, quality, and rest-activity pattern-a measure for inferring circadian rhythm-are influenced by multiple factors including access to electricity. Recent findings suggest that the safety and comfort afforded by technology may improve sleep but negatively impact rest-activity stability. According to the circadian entrainment hypothesis, increased access to electric lighting should lead to weaker and less uniform circadian rhythms, measured by stability of rest-activity patterns. Here, we investigate sleep in a Maya community in Guatemala who are in a transitional stage of industrialization. We predicted that (i) sleep will be shorter and less efficient in this population than in industrial settings, and that (ii) rest-activity patterns will be weaker and less stable than in contexts with greater exposure to the natural environment and stronger and more stable than in settings more buffered by technologic infrastructure. Our results were mixed. Compared to more industrialized settings, in our study population sleep was 4.87% less efficient (78.39% vs 83.26%). We found no significant difference in sleep duration. Rest-activity patterns were more uniform and less variable than in industrial settings (interdaily stability = 0.58 vs 0.43; intradaily variability = 0.53 vs 0.60). Our results suggest that industrialization does not inherently reduce characteristics of sleep quality; instead, the safety and comfort afforded by technological development may improve sleep, and an intermediate degree of environmental exposure and technological buffering may support circadian rhythm strength and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leela McKinnon
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - David R. Samson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles L. Nunn
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Amanda Rowlands
- Maternal and Child Health Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katrina G. Salvante
- Maternal and Child Health Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pablo A. Nepomnaschy
- Maternal and Child Health Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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Gettler LT, Samson DR, Kilius E, Sarma MS, Ouamba YR, Miegakanda V, Boyette AH, Lew-Levy S. Links between household and family social dynamics with sleep profiles among BaYaka foragers of the Congo Basin. Soc Sci Med 2022; 311:115345. [PMID: 36179483 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Given the contributions of sleep to a range of health outcomes, there is substantial interest in ecological and environmental factors, including psychosocial contexts, that shape variation in sleep between individuals and populations. However, the links between social dynamics and sleep are not well-characterized beyond Euro-American settings, representing a gap in knowledge regarding the way that local socio-ecological conditions interrelate with sleep profiles across diverse settings. Here, we focused on data from a subsistence-level society in Republic of the Congo to test for links between the household/family social environment and sleep measures. Specifically, we used actigraphy-derived sleep data (N = 49; 318 nights) from two community locations (a village and rainforest camp) among BaYaka foragers, who are members of a remote, non-industrialized subsistence society in the Congo Basin. We drew on social dynamics that have been previously linked to sleep variation in Euro-American contexts, including: household crowding, same surface cosleeping, and marital conflict. We examined the following sleep measures: total sleep time (TST), total 24-h sleep time (TTST), and sleep quality (fragmentation). BaYaka adults had shorter and lower quality sleep when their shared sleeping space was more crowded. In the village, parents with breastfeeding-aged infants had longer TTST and higher quality sleep than adults without infants, contrasting with results from other cultural contexts. Based on peer rankings of marital conflict, husbands showed longer and higher quality sleep in less conflicted marriages. Women showed the opposite pattern. These counter-intuitive findings for women may reflect the limitations of the measurement for wives' marital experiences. In total, these results point to the importance of considering local socio-ecological conditions to sleep profiles and underscore the need for expanded study of sleep and health outcomes in settings where shared sleep in constrained space is routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee T Gettler
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Anthropology, Notre Dame, 46556, USA; University of Notre Dame, Eck Institute for Global Health, Notre Dame, 46556, USA.
| | - David R Samson
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Anthropology, Mississauga, L5L1C6, Canada
| | - Erica Kilius
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Anthropology, Mississauga, L5L1C6, Canada
| | - Mallika S Sarma
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, USA
| | - Yann R Ouamba
- Université Marien N'Gouabi, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et de Foresterie, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Valchy Miegakanda
- Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Adam H Boyette
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Sheina Lew-Levy
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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6
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Grandner MA. Sleep, Health, and Society. Sleep Med Clin 2022; 17:117-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Casiraghi L, de la Iglesia HO. Sleep Under Preindustrial Conditions: What We Can Learn from It. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2482:1-14. [PMID: 35610416 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2249-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Human sleep is regulated by light in two fundamental ways: The light-dark (LD) cycle entrains a circadian clock that in turn regulates sleep timing, and light per se can acutely inhibit sleep. Throughout evolution, these sleep regulatory systems became highly sensitive to the effects of light and they can be affected by the relatively low light intensities that are used indoors. Thus, postindustrial living conditions have created built environments that have isolated humans from the natural LD cycle and exposed them to an artificial one that can affect daily sleep timing. Studying indigenous communities that have differential access to electricity, as well as communities living in highly urbanized areas, we and others have shown that human access to artificial light has delayed the daily onset of sleep but has had a smaller effect on its offset, leading to an overall reduction in sleep duration that is pervasive in modern societies. In this chapter we discuss these studies, highlight their main findings, and point to their limitations.
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Alaribe CU, Nwabara OU, Spruyt K. Daily concordance between ecological stressors and sleep in young minority children during the pre-COVID-19 outbreak period. SLEEP EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 1:100007. [PMID: 35673625 PMCID: PMC8442306 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepe.2021.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the COVID-19 pandemic brings widespread changes in families, the sociology of sleep becomes noticeable. Yet, the socio-contextual determinants of a biopsychosocial phenomenon as sleep are poorly investigated. We examine changes concomitantly occurring in the child's sleep per familial and community stressors. METHODS During the pre-COVID-19 outbreak period, in 24 minority children (5.4 ± 1.7 years old, 54.2% girls), sleep was objectively measured 24 h for two consecutive weeks, and this was repeated three times over the study period of three months. The caregiver filled out questionnaires surveying sociodemographic, community and family aspects. RESULTS Children went to bed at 22:26 and woke up at 07:04, with each a variability of about 50 min. Money and time were revealed as related key stressors to sleep. Five dimensions best fitted their association. In general, concurrent changes within the individual child indicate that mean sleep variables seem to relate to predominantly features of the stressors (explained variance of 34.7 to 56.7%), while variability of sleep tends to associate to situational aspects of the stressors (explained variance of 30.4 to 61.8%). Associations were best explained in terms of the 24 h dimension, particularly exposing sleep variability. CONCLUSION Individual variabilities in a child's sleep are associated with familial resources, such as caregiver's time to self, money and basic needs. Time spent in bed, a modifiable factor by society and shaper of sleep quantity and quality, plays a key role in stressor-sleep associations. Insights from biopsychosocial perspectives may be valuable for understanding COVID-19 sleep studies, and the development of (post-) COVID-19 sleep recommendations.
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Key Words
- BN, basic needs
- BT, bedtime
- Child
- Family
- M, money
- Minority
- PEV, percentage explained variance
- RESTLESS, restlessness index
- RT, Risetime
- SES, socioeconomic status
- SOFL, sleep offset latency
- SONL, sleep onset latency
- Sleep duration
- Sleep variability
- Stress
- TF, time for family
- TIB, time in bed
- TS, time for self
- TST, total sleep time
- USS, urban stress score
- WASO, wake after sleep onset
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Affiliation(s)
- Calista U Alaribe
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Odochi U Nwabara
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen Spruyt
- NeuroDiderot -INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris F-75019, France
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Abstract
The human sleep pattern is paradoxical. Sleep is vital for optimal physical and cognitive performance, yet humans sleep the least of all primates. In addition, consolidated and continuous monophasic sleep is evidently advantageous, yet emerging comparative data sets from small-scale societies show that the phasing of the human pattern of sleep–wake activity is highly variable and characterized by significant nighttime activity. To reconcile these phenomena, the social sleep hypothesis proposes that extant traits of human sleep emerged because of social and technological niche construction. Specifically, sleep sites function as a type of social shelter by way of an extended structure of social groups that increases fitness. Short, high-quality, and flexibly timed sleep likely originated as a response to predation risks while sleeping terrestrially. This practice may have been a necessary preadaptation for migration out of Africa and for survival in ecological niches that penetrate latitudes with the greatest seasonal variation in light and temperature on the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Samson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
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10
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Kilius E, Samson DR, Lew-Levy S, Sarma MS, Patel UA, Ouamba YR, Miegakanda V, Gettler LT, Boyette AH. Gender differences in BaYaka forager sleep-wake patterns in forest and village contexts. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13658. [PMID: 34211008 PMCID: PMC8249621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep studies in small-scale subsistence societies have broadened our understanding of cross-cultural sleep patterns, revealing the flexibility of human sleep. We examined sleep biology among BaYaka foragers from the Republic of Congo who move between environmentally similar but socio-ecologically distinct locations to access seasonal resources. We analyzed the sleep-wake patterns of 51 individuals as they resided in a village location (n = 39) and a forest camp (n = 23) (362 nights total). Overall, BaYaka exhibited high sleep fragmentation (50.5) and short total sleep time (5.94 h), suggestive of segmented sleep patterns. Sleep duration did not differ between locations, although poorer sleep quality was exhibited in the village. Linear mixed effect models demonstrated that women's sleep differed significantly from men's in the forest, with longer total sleep time (β ± SE = - 0.22 ± 0.09, confidence interval (CI) = [- 0.4, - 0.03]), and higher sleep quality (efficiency; β ± SE = - 0.24 ± 0.09, CI = [- 0.42, - 0.05]). These findings may be due to gender-specific social and economic activities. Circadian rhythms were consistent between locations, with women exhibiting stronger circadian stability. We highlight the importance of considering intra-cultural variation in sleep-wake patterns when taking sleep research into the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Kilius
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, L5L1C6, Canada.
| | - David R Samson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, L5L1C6, Canada.
| | - Sheina Lew-Levy
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, Canada.,Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, Aarhus University, 8270, Højbjerg, Denmark
| | - Mallika S Sarma
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 21287, USA
| | - Ujas A Patel
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, L5L1C6, Canada
| | - Yann R Ouamba
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et de Foresterie, Université Marien N'Gouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Valchy Miegakanda
- Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Lee T Gettler
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, 46556, USA.,Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, 46556, USA
| | - Adam H Boyette
- Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Samson DR. Taking the sleep lab to the field: Biometric techniques for quantifying sleep and circadian rhythms in humans. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23541. [PMID: 33252177 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Remarkably, the specifics of sleep along the human lineage have been slow to emerge, which is surprising given our distinct mental and behavioral capacity and the importance of sleep for individual health and cognitive performance. Largely due to difficultly of measuring sleep outside a controlled, clinical, and laboratory study in ambulatory individuals, human biologists have yet to undergo a thorough examination of sleep in ecologically diverse settings. Here, I outline the procedures and methods for generating sleep data in a broader ecological context with the goal of facilitating the integration of sleep and circadian analyses into human biology research. METHODS I describe the steps involved in participant recruitment, screening by way of survey instruments, and sample collection. In addition to describing field use of the traditional (but invasive) equipment such as the gold-standard application of electroencephalography (EEG), I demonstrate leading-edge noninvasive techniques for biometric devices (ie, wrist-worn actigraphy, ring worn arterial pulsometry) to generate sleep and circadian rhythms data. RESULTS I outline best approaches to process and analyze data-including variables such as sleep duration, 24-hour sleep time (ie, summation of night and day sleep), sleep efficiency, sleep fragmentation, and nonparametric circadian rhythms analysis to quantify circadian amplitude. Finally, I discuss comparative statistical methods that are optimized for the use of time-series data. CONCLUSIONS This review serves as an introduction to the best practices for studying sleep-wake patterns in humans-with the goal of standardizing tools for launching new human sleep biology research initiatives across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Samson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Sleep timing and duration in indigenous villages with and without electric lighting on Tanna Island, Vanuatu. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17278. [PMID: 31754265 PMCID: PMC6872597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53635-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that sleep in the industrialized world is in chronic deficit, due in part to evening light exposure, which delays sleep onset and truncates sleep depending on morning work or school schedules. If so, societies without electricity may sleep longer. However, recent studies of hunter-gatherers and pastoralists living traditional lifestyles without electricity report short sleep compared to industrialized population norms. To further explore the impact of lifestyles and electrification on sleep, we measured sleep by actigraphy in indigenous Melanesians on Tanna Island, Vanuatu, who live traditional subsistence horticultural lifestyles, in villages either with or without access to electricity. Sleep duration was long and efficiency low in both groups, compared to averages from actigraphy studies of industrialized populations. In villages with electricity, light exposure after sunset was increased, sleep onset was delayed, and nocturnal sleep duration was reduced. These effects were driven primarily by breastfeeding mothers living with electric lighting. Relatively long sleep on Tanna may reflect advantages of an environment in which food access is reliable, climate benign, and predators and significant social conflict absent. Despite exposure to outdoor light throughout the day, an effect of artificial evening light was nonetheless detectable on sleep timing and duration.
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Xu X, Wang R, Sun Z, Wu R, Yan W, Jiang Q, Shi D. Trehalose enhances bone fracture healing in a rat sleep deprivation model. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:297. [PMID: 31475167 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.05.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sleep deprivation (SD) could delay bone fracture healing and evaluate the therapeutic effect of trehalose. Methods Eighteen 300-350 g female Sprague-Dawley rats were created a mid-femoral transverse osteotomy in the right thigh and divided into three groups (i.e., group 1: fracture; group 2: fracture + SD; and group 3: fracture + SD + trehalose). Seven days after surgery, the rats in group 2 and group 3 were started to get sleep-deprived for 18 h per day for 3 weeks. The rats in group 3 were injected with trehalose intraperitoneally at 1 g/kg/d for 3 weeks. Radiological and histological analyses were used to assess fracture healing quality. Circulating cytokines were detected by the end of the study. The expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results X-rays showed group 2 experienced much poorer fracture healing. Micro CT demonstrated that the bone quality of the fracture callus site in group 2 was much worse than that in groups 1 and 3. Both haematoxylin eosin (H&E) and Masson staining revealed that the bone fracture of the group 2 healed worse. Elisa results demonstrated that the interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) of the rats in group 2 were significantly higher. In vitro study showed that 100 mM trehalose enhanced the expression of M2 macrophage markers (Arg-1 and IL-10), and decreased M1 macrophage polarization through the decreasing expression of IL-6. Conclusions The present study showed (SD) could delay bone fracture healing in a rat model. And, trehalose could promote the healing of delayed bone fracture union by down-regulating pro-inflammatory mediators and enhancing M2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingquan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ziying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wenjin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dongquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,Joint Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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15
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Ball HL, Tomori C, McKenna JJ. Toward an Integrated Anthropology of Infant Sleep. AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aman.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen L. Ball
- Director, Parent–Infant Sleep LabDepartment of Anthropology, Durham University Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Cecilia Tomori
- Assistant Professor, Parent–Infant Sleep LabDepartment of Anthropology, Durham University Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - James J. McKenna
- Director, Mother–Baby Sleep Lab, Department of AnthropologyUniversity of Notre Dame South Bend Indiana USA
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16
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The impact of sleep quality on the mental health of a non-clinical population. Sleep Med 2018; 46:69-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Panter-Brick C, Eggerman M. The field of medical anthropology in Social Science & Medicine. Soc Sci Med 2018; 196:233-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Biological needs for sleep are met by engaging in behaviors that are largely influenced by the environment, social norms and demands, and societal influences and pressures. Insufficient sleep duration and sleep disorders such as insomnia and sleep apnea are highly prevalent in the US population. This article outlines some of these downstream factors, including cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk, neurocognitive dysfunction, and mortality, as well as societal factors such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomics. This review also discusses societal factors related to sleep, such as globalization, health disparities, public policy, public safety, and changing patterns of use of technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grandner
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, PO Box 245002, BUMC Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ 85724-5002, USA.
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19
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Nunn CL, Samson DR, Krystal AD. Shining evolutionary light on human sleep and sleep disorders. EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 2016:227-43. [PMID: 27470330 PMCID: PMC4972941 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eow018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is essential to cognitive function and health in humans, yet the ultimate reasons for sleep—i.e. ‘why’ sleep evolved—remain mysterious. We integrate findings from human sleep studies, the ethnographic record, and the ecology and evolution of mammalian sleep to better understand sleep along the human lineage and in the modern world. Compared to other primates, sleep in great apes has undergone substantial evolutionary change, with all great apes building a sleeping platform or ‘nest’. Further evolutionary change characterizes human sleep, with humans having the shortest sleep duration, yet the highest proportion of rapid eye movement sleep among primates. These changes likely reflect that our ancestors experienced fitness benefits from being active for a greater portion of the 24-h cycle than other primates, potentially related to advantages arising from learning, socializing and defending against predators and hostile conspecifics. Perspectives from evolutionary medicine have implications for understanding sleep disorders; we consider these perspectives in the context of insomnia, narcolepsy, seasonal affective disorder, circadian rhythm disorders and sleep apnea. We also identify how human sleep today differs from sleep through most of human evolution, and the implications of these changes for global health and health disparities. More generally, our review highlights the importance of phylogenetic comparisons in understanding human health, including well-known links between sleep, cognitive performance and health in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles L Nunn
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA Triangle Center for Evolutionary Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - David R Samson
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Andrew D Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
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20
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Xu X, Wang L, Chen L, Su T, Zhang Y, Wang T, Ma W, Yang F, Zhai W, Xie Y, Li D, Chen Q, Fu X, Ma Y, Zhang Y. Effects of chronic sleep deprivation on bone mass and bone metabolism in rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2016; 11:87. [PMID: 27485745 PMCID: PMC4970273 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-016-0418-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the effects of chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) on bone mass and bone metabolism in rats. METHODS Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into CSD and control (CON) groups. Rats were subjected to CSD by using the modified multiple platform method (MMPM) to establish an animal model of CSD. Biochemical parameters such as levels of serum N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), N-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX), growth hormone (GH), estradiol (E2), serum 25(OH)D, and calcium (Ca) were evaluated at 0, 1, 2, and 3 months. After 3 months, each fourth lumbar vertebra and the distal femoral metaphysis of the left extremity of rats were harvested for micro-computed tomography scans and histological analysis, respectively, after the rats were sacrificed under an overdose of pentobarbital sodium. RESULTS Compared with rats from the CON group, rats from the CSD group showed significant decreases in bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume over total volume, trabecular bone thickness, and trabecular bone number and significant increases in bone surface area over bone volume and trabecular bone separations (P < 0.05). Bone histomorphology studies showed that rats in the CSD group had decreased osteogenesis, impaired mineralization of newly formed bones, and deteriorative trabecular bone in the secondary spongiosa zone. In addition, they showed significantly decreased levels of serum PINP (1 month later) and NTX (3 months later) (P < 0.05). The serum 25(OH)D level of rats from the CSD group was lower than that of rats from the CON group after 1 month (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CSD markedly affects bone health by decreasing BMD and 25(OH)D, deteriorating the bone microarchitecture, and decreasing bone formation and bone resorption markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Liying Chen
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Tianjiao Su
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Weifeng Ma
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Wujie Zhai
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Dan Li
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xuemei Fu
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuanzheng Ma
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Systems Biomedical Sciences, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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21
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Xu X, Wang L, Zhang Y, Su T, Chen L, Zhang Y, Ma W, Xie Y, Wang T, Yang F, He L, Wang W, Fu X, Hao H, Ma Y. Effects of chronic sleep deprivation on glucose homeostasis in rats. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2016; 14:321-328. [PMID: 27738407 PMCID: PMC5037153 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-016-0061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that chronic sleep disturbances resulted in metabolic disorders. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) and the glucose homeostasis in rats. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into CSD group and control (CON) group. The CSD rats were intervened by a modified multiple platform method (MMPM) to establish an animal model of chronic sleep disturbances. After 3-month intervention, all rats were subjected to an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and an insulin tolerance test (ITT), and the body weight, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, lipid profile group, and homeostasis model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) were measured. Both the CSD and CON groups had an attenuation of weight gain after 3-month intervention. The plasma glucose level of CSD group was higher than that of the CON group during the IPGTT (P < 0.01). The CSD rats showed a marked increase in HOMA-IR and ITT compared with the CON group (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences of AST, ALT, creatinine, and most lipid parameters between the CSD and CON groups (P > 0.05). The CSD has a marked effect on glucose homeostasis, comprising glucose intolerance and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Liang Wang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Systems Biomedical Sciences, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093 China
| | - Tianjiao Su
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Liying Chen
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Weifeng Ma
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Fan Yang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Li He
- Director of Division of Science and Technology, National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Wenjiao Wang
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Xuemei Fu
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Hongxia Hao
- Center of Health Care, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Yuanzheng Ma
- Center of Orthopedics, The 309th Hospital of PLA, No. 17 Heishanhu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China
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22
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Grandner MA, Williams NJ, Knutson KL, Roberts D, Jean-Louis G. Sleep disparity, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic position. Sleep Med 2016; 18:7-18. [PMID: 26431755 PMCID: PMC4631795 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sleep represents a set of biological functions necessary for the maintenance of life. Performing these functions, though, requires that an individual engage in behaviors, which are affected by social and environmental factors. Race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position represent categories of factors that likely play a role in the experience of sleep in the community. Previous studies have suggested that racial/ethnic minorities and the socioeconomically disadvantaged may be more likely to experience sleep patterns that are associated with adverse health outcomes. It is possible that disparities in sleep represent a pathway by which larger disparities in health emerge. This review (1) contextualizes the concept of race/ethnicity in biomedical research, (2) summarizes previous studies that describe patterns of sleep attainment across race/ethnicity groups, (3) discusses several pathways by which race/ethnicity may be associated with sleep, (4) introduces the potential role of socioeconomic position in the patterning of sleep, and (5) proposes future research directions to address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grandner
- Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Natasha J Williams
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Division of Health and Behavior, Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Dorothy Roberts
- University of Pennsylvania Law School, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Africana Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Girardin Jean-Louis
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Division of Health and Behavior, Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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23
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Spruyt K, Alaribe CU, Nwabara OU. Daily dynamics in sleep and behavior of young African-American children: A convoluted dyad?! Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 99:57-66. [PMID: 26548618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prior research has provided evidence that in children sleep and behavior are related. We aimed to determine the association between naturalistic daily variations in sleep and behavioral functioning. African American children, 5.4±1.7years old, living on the south side of Chicago participated in a repeated measures study to assess this sleep-behavior link. Data was obtained from three separate two-week periods of 24-hour actigraphy and the parental version of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children. Canonical correlations analyses were applied to investigate the relation between individual changes in sleep and behavior. After 1-month, weekday average sleep duration primarily related to internalizing behaviors, while within-child variability of sleep related to behavioral changes which may involve internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Week-weekend differences in sleep associated with maladaptive social skills. Over a 6-week period, sleep onset latency and sleep offset latency related to behavioral symptoms and maladaptive skills. Over a period of 3-months, sleep associated with symptomatic behaviors while the adverse impact of within-child variability of sleep attenuated. Alternatively, the week-weekend differences in bedtime, wake-up time, wake after sleep onset and sleep onset latency in particular related to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Findings showed that poor sleep related to dysfunctional behaviors. While maladaptive at the beginning, they may develop into symptomatic behaviors with potentially internalizing characteristics. As time goes on, individual changes in sleep onset and offset might be important clinical markers of a chronic 'social dysregulation'. Continued sufficient and regular sleep may improve daytime and nighttime behavioral regulation in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Spruyt
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; GKC-Rett Expertise Center - MHeNS, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands; Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China.
| | - Calista U Alaribe
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Chicago State University, 9501 S King Dr, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
| | - Odochi U Nwabara
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Chicago State University, 9501 S King Dr, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
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24
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Youngstedt SD, Goff EE, Reynolds AM, Kripke DF, Irwin MR, Bootzin RR, Khan N, Jean-Louis G. Has adult sleep duration declined over the last 50+ years? Sleep Med Rev 2015; 28:69-85. [PMID: 26478985 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The common assumption that population sleep duration has declined in the past few decades has not been supported by recent reviews, which have been limited to self-reported data. The aim of this review was to assess whether there has been a reduction in objectively recorded sleep duration over the last 50+ years. The literature was searched for studies published from 1960 to 2013, which assessed objective sleep duration (total sleep time (TST)) in healthy normal-sleeping adults. The search found 168 studies that met inclusion criteria, with 257 data points representing 6052 individuals ages 18-88 y. Data were assessed by comparing the regression lines of age vs. TST in studies conducted between 1960 and 1989 vs. 1990-2013. Weighted regression analyses assessed the association of year of study with age-adjusted TST across all data points. Regression analyses also assessed the association of year of study with TST separately for 10-y age categories (e.g., ages 18-27 y), and separately for polysomnographic and actigraphic data, and for studies involving a fixed sleep schedule and participants' customary sleep schedules. Analyses revealed no significant association of sleep duration with study year. The results are consistent with recent reviews of subjective data, which have challenged the notion of a modern epidemic of insufficient sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn D Youngstedt
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Eric E Goff
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Daniel F Kripke
- Scripps Clinic Viterbi Family Sleep Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuorimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Nidha Khan
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Girardin Jean-Louis
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, USA
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25
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Wilson HJ, Klimova TM, Knuston KL, Fedorova VI, Fedorov A, Yegorovna BM, Leonard WR. Socio-demographic predictors of sleep complaints in indigenous Siberians with a mixed economy. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2015; 157:641-7. [PMID: 26059658 PMCID: PMC5032975 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Socio-demographic indicators closely relate to sleep in industrialized populations. However we know very little about how such factors impact sleep in populations undergoing industrialization. Within populations transitioning to the global economy, the preliminary evidence has found an inconsistent relationship between socio-demographics and sleep complaints across countries and social strata. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surveys were conducted on a sample of rural Sakha (Yakut) adults (n = 168) during the autumn of 2103 to assess variation in socio-demographics and sleep complaints, including trouble sleeping and daytime sleepiness. Socio-demographic variables included age, gender, socioeconomic measures, and markers of traditional/market-based lifestyle. We tested whether the socio-demographic variables predicted sleep complaints using bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS Trouble sleeping was reported by 18.5% of the participants and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) by 17.3%. Trouble sleeping was significantly predicted by older age, female gender, and mixing traditional and market-based lifestyles. EDS was not significantly predicted by any socio-demographic variable. DISCUSSION These findings support the few large-scale studies that found inconsistent relationships between measures of socioeconomic status and sleep complaints in transitioning populations. Employing a mix of traditional and market-based lifestyles may leave Sakha in a space of vulnerability, leading to trouble sleeping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatiana M. Klimova
- Research Institute of Health, M.KAmmosov North‐Eastern Federal UniversityYakutskRussia
| | | | - Valentina I. Fedorova
- Research Institute of Health, M.KAmmosov North‐Eastern Federal UniversityYakutskRussia
| | - Afanasy Fedorov
- Research Institute of Health, M.KAmmosov North‐Eastern Federal UniversityYakutskRussia
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El-Sheikh M, Sadeh A. I. SLEEP AND DEVELOPMENT: INTRODUCTION TO THE MONOGRAPH. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev 2015; 80:1-14. [DOI: 10.1111/mono.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mona El-Sheikh
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies; Auburn University
| | - Avi Sadeh
- The Adler Center for Research in Child Development and Psychopathology; School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University; Israel
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27
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Anujuo K, Stronks K, Snijder MB, Jean-Louis G, Ogedegbe G, Agyemang C. Ethnic differences in self-reported sleep duration in the Netherlands – the HELIUS study. Sleep Med 2014; 15:1115-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Henry D, Knutson KL, Orzech KM. Sleep, culture and health: reflections on the other third of life. Soc Sci Med 2012; 79:1-6. [PMID: 23294873 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Doug Henry
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Texas, USA.
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