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Besselink D, Herber GCM, van der Lucht F, Sealy MJ, Krijnen WP, Jager-Wittenaar H, Finnema EJ. Evaluating changes in the well-being of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal cohort study. Eur J Public Health 2024:ckae130. [PMID: 39190888 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected the lives of older adults. Yet, little is known about changes in well-being among older adults during the pandemic, especially when COVID-19 measures were relaxed. Therefore, we aimed to assess changes in the well-being of older adults during multiple turning points of the pandemic. This longitudinal study included data from Dutch older adults (≥65 years old) participating in the Lifelines COVID-19 cohort. Data consisted of seven questionnaires, administered every 2-4 months between May 2020 and October 2021. The outcomes were quality of life (n = 14 682), physical fitness (n = 14 761), and feelings of isolation (n = 14 611), all graded on a scale from 0 to 10. Changes in well-being were analysed by multivariable linear mixed-effects models. The context of measures was described using the Government Stringency Index. Quality of life and feelings of isolation decreased when measures were tightened and increased when measures were relaxed. For example, when measures relaxed after the first lockdown in May 2020, quality of life increased by 0.23 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16-0.29] towards July 2020. Physical fitness decreased by 0.26 [95% CI: 0.15-0.37] during the study period. Differences between subsamples were not found, except for sex in feelings of isolation, which differences diminished after a period of relaxed measures. Changes in quality of life and feelings of isolation improved after periods of stringent COVID-19 measures. Physical fitness did not improve after measures were relaxed, suggesting a possible negative effect of the pandemic on the physical fitness of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djoeke Besselink
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- FAITH Research, Groningen/Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Regional Public Health Service, GGD Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Health Science-Nursing Science and Education, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrie-Cor M Herber
- Centre for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Fons van der Lucht
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- FAITH Research, Groningen/Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Centre for Public Health, Healthcare and Society, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J Sealy
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- FAITH Research, Groningen/Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Wim P Krijnen
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- FAITH Research, Groningen/Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Harriët Jager-Wittenaar
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- FAITH Research, Groningen/Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dietetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Research Unit Experimental Anatomy, Department Physiotherapy and Human Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Evelyn J Finnema
- FAITH Research, Groningen/Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Health Science-Nursing Science and Education, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Research Group Nursing Diagnostics, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Research Group Living, Wellbeing and Care for Older People, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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Romero KRF, Yang Y, Green SH, Gutierrez S, Meza E, Torres JM. Adult child educational attainment and older parents' psychosocial outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2056. [PMID: 39085832 PMCID: PMC11289967 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults' psychosocial outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic have been inequitable by socio-economic status (SES). However, studies have focused solely on own SES, ignoring emerging evidence of the relationship between adult child SES and late-life health. We evaluated whether adult child educational attainment - a core marker of SES - is associated with older parents' psychosocial outcomes during the pandemic. METHODS We used data from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) 2004-2018 and the SHARE Corona Surveys (SCS) 2020 and 2021. We included 40,392 respondents ≥ 65 years who had pre-pandemic information on adult child educational attainment and self-reported psychosocial outcomes during the pandemic, including self-assessments of worsened psychosocial outcomes compared to the pre-pandemic period. We used generalized estimating equations with a Poisson distribution and a log link, adjusted for respondent and family-level characteristics, including respondents' own educational attainment. RESULTS Older adults whose adult children averaged levels of educational attainment at or above (vs. below) their country-specific mean had a lower prevalence of feeling nervous (Prevalence Ratio [PR]: 0.94, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.90, 0.97), sad or depressed (PR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91, 0.98), and having sleep problems (PR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90, 0.97) during the pandemic. Additionally, higher adult child educational attainment was associated with a lower risk of perceiving worsened feelings of nervousness (PR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90, 1.01) and worsened sleep problems (PR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.01) as compared to the pre-pandemic. In stratified models, protective associations were observed only in countries experiencing "high" levels of COVID-19 intensity at the time of the survey. All of these results are derived from adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Adult child SES may have "upward" spillover effects on the psychosocial wellbeing of older parents during periods of societal duress like the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Renata Flores Romero
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UC San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Yulin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UC San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Sharon H Green
- Department of Demography, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sirena Gutierrez
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UC San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Erika Meza
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UC San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Torres
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UC San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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Chang G, Tucker JD, Walker K, Chu C, Miall N, Tan RKJ, Wu D. Intimate partner violence and its correlates in middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-country secondary analysis. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002500. [PMID: 38753815 PMCID: PMC11098409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) may have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Middle-aged and older adults, ages 45 years or older, are at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality and social isolation. However, most studies on IPV during the pandemic do not focus on this important subpopulation. Informed by the social-ecological theory, this study examines individual, household, community, and country-level correlates of IPV among middle-aged and older adults in multiple countries using a cross-sectional online survey. Data from 2867 participants aged 45 or older in the International Sexual Health and Reproductive Health (I-SHARE) survey from July 2020 to February 2021 were described using univariate analysis. IPV was defined using four validated WHO measures. Individual characteristics included self-isolation and food security. At the country-level, we examined social distancing stringency. Logistic regression models with a random intercept for country were conducted to explore IPV correlates among 1730 eligible individuals from 20 countries with complete data. Most participants were heterosexual (2469/2867), cisgender (2531/2867) females (1589/2867) between the ages of 45-54 (1539/2867). 12.1% (346/2867) of participants experienced IPV during social distancing measures. After adjustment, participants who self-isolated experienced 1.4 (95% CI 1.0, 2.0, p = 0.04) times the odds of IPV compared to those who had not isolated. Those who reported an increase in food insecurity compared to pre-pandemic experienced 2.2 times the odds (95% CI 1.6, 3.0, p<0.0001) of IPV compared to those who did not report increased food insecurity. People in countries with more stringent social distancing policies were less likely to experience IPV compared to people in countries with lower levels of stringency (aOR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4, 0.9, p = 0.04). IPV was common among middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our data suggest the need for further crisis management and social protection measures for middle-aged and older adults who have intersecting vulnerabilities to IPV to mitigate COVID-19 impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn Chang
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Population Research in Sexual Health and HIV, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph D. Tucker
- Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Walker
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Chu
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Naomi Miall
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rayner K. J. Tan
- University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Dones I, Ciobanu RO. Older adults' experiences of wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative qualitative study in Italy and Switzerland. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2024; 9:1243760. [PMID: 38751995 PMCID: PMC11094362 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1243760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Particularly at the beginning of the pandemic, adults aged 65 and older were portrayed as a homogeneously vulnerable population due to the elevated health risks associated with contracting the COVID-19 disease. This portrayal, combined with travel restrictions, closures of economic sectors, country-wide lockdowns, and suggestions by governmental authorities to limit social contact, had important implications for the wellbeing of older individuals. However, older adults are a heterogeneous population who relies on different resources to cope with stressful periods, like the COVID-19 pandemic. Simultaneously, countries also employed different measures to contain the virus. Research thus far has focused on the short-term consequences of the pandemic, but studies have yet to address its long-term consequences. Objectives We explore older adults' lived experiences nearly 2 years after the pandemic onset. Moreover, we focus on the bordering countries of Switzerland and Italy, who employed contrasting containment measures. This paper analyzes (1) How the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the experiences of wellbeing of older adults in these regions and (2) How older adults coped with the stressors brought about by the pandemic, in particular social distancing. Methods The paper draws on 31 semi-structured interviews with 11 Swiss natives residing in Switzerland, 10 Italian migrants residing in Switzerland, and 10 Italian natives residing in Italy. Interviews were conducted from December 2021 to March 2022. Results Coping mechanisms of the three groups related to acceptance, hobbies, cognitive reframing, telephone use, vaccine use and social distancing. However, results show heterogeneous experiences of wellbeing, with Swiss natives sharing more positive narratives than the other two groups. Moreover, Italian migrants and Italian natives expressed the long-term negative consequences of the pandemic on their experienced wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuna Dones
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Center of Expertise in Life Course Research (LIVES), Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HETSL/HES-SO), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruxandra Oana Ciobanu
- Swiss Center of Expertise in Life Course Research (LIVES), Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HETSL/HES-SO), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Li L, Sullivan A, Musah A, Stavrianaki K, Wood CE, Baker P, Kostkova P. Positive and negative emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal survey study of the UK population. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297214. [PMID: 38324540 PMCID: PMC10849398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on society; it changed the way we work, learn, socialise, and move throughout the world. In the United Kingdom, policies such as business closures, travel restrictions, and social distance mandates were implemented to slow the spread of COVID-19 and implemented and relaxed intermittently throughout the response period. While negative emotions and feelings such as distress and anxiety during this time of crisis were to be expected, we also see the signs of human resilience, including positive feelings like determination, pride, and strength. A longitudinal study using online survey tools was conducted to assess people's changing moods during the pandemic in the UK. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) was used to measure self-reported feelings and emotions throughout six periods (phases) of the study from March 2020 to July 2021. A total of 4,222 respondents participated in the survey, while a sub-group participated in each of the six study phases (n = 167). The results were analysed using a cross-sectional study design for the full group across each study phase, while prospective cohort analysis was used to assess the subset of participants who voluntarily answered the survey in each of the six study phases (n = 167). Gender, age and employment status were found to be most significant to PANAS score, with older people, retirees, and women generally reporting more positive moods, while young people and unemployed people generally reported lower positive scores and higher negative scores, indicating more negative emotions. Additionally, it was found that people generally reported higher positive feelings in the summer of 2021, which may be related to the relaxation of COVID-19-related policies in the UK as well as the introduction of vaccines for the general population. This study is an important investigation into what allows for positivity during a crisis and gives insights into periods or groups that may be vulnerable to increased negative states of emotions and feelings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Centre for Digital Public Health in Emergencies, Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ava Sullivan
- Centre for Digital Public Health in Emergencies, Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Anwar Musah
- Centre for Digital Public Health in Emergencies, Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Geography, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katerina Stavrianaki
- Centre for Digital Public Health in Emergencies, Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline E. Wood
- Centre for Digital Public Health in Emergencies, Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Baker
- Centre for Digital Public Health in Emergencies, Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Crisis Response, British Red Cross, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patty Kostkova
- Centre for Digital Public Health in Emergencies, Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Hammoudi SF, Ahmed O, An H, Hong Y, Ahn MH, Chung S. Adherence to Physical Distancing and Health Beliefs About COVID-19 Among Patients With Cancer. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e336. [PMID: 37935163 PMCID: PMC10627725 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to validate questionnaires on adherence to physical distancing and health beliefs about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients with cancer and explore their interaction with depression or viral anxiety among them. METHODS Through an online survey, data from 154 cancer patients (female: 82.5%, breast cancer: 66.2%, current cancer treatment, presence: 65.6%) were collected from March to June 2022. The survey gathered responses to questionnaires on adherence to physical distancing, health beliefs about COVID-19, perceived social norms, Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items, and Patient Health Questionnaire-2. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for construct validity and structural equation model (SEM) were performed. RESULTS The CFA showed a good model fit for adherence to physical distancing (comparative fit index [CFI] = 1.000, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.930, root-mean-square-error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.000, and standardized root-mean-square residual [SRMR] = 0.050) and a satisfactory model fit for health beliefs about COVID-19 (CFI = 0.978, TLI = 0.971, RMSEA = 0.061, and SRMR = 0.089). Through SEM, we found that personal injunctive norms were the main mediators linking health beliefs with physical distancing in patients with cancer. Depression also mediated the effects of viral anxiety and perceived severity on physical distancing (χ² = 20.073, df = 15, P = 0.169; CFI = 0.984; RMSEA = 0.047). CONCLUSION The questionnaires are reliable and valid. Patients with cancer may be able to adhere to physical distancing by addressing perceived severity, viral anxiety, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, perceived barriers, as well as personal injunctive norms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oli Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Hoyoung An
- Department of Psychiatry, Keyo Hospital, Uiwang, Korea
| | - Youjin Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Myung Hee Ahn
- Division of Psychiatry, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Fuchs J, Gaertner B, Perlitz H, Kuttig T, Klingner A, Baumert J, Hüther A, Kuhnert R, Wolff J, Scheidt-Nave C. Study on Health of Older People in Germany (Gesundheit 65+): objectives, design and implementation. JOURNAL OF HEALTH MONITORING 2023; 8:61-83. [PMID: 37829118 PMCID: PMC10565879 DOI: 10.25646/11666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Background The longitudinal population-based study Gesundheit 65+ aimed to close data gaps on health and well-being of older adults in Germany in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The target population comprised persons 65 years and older permanently residing in Germany and with sufficient German language skills. Proxy interviews were possible and consent from legal representatives was obtained as necessary in order to enable participation of physically or cognitively impaired persons. A two-stage sampling process, was used to draw 128 primary sample points (PSUs) and within these PSUs sex- and age-stratified random samples were drawn from population registries. A mixed-mode design was applied to contact the study population and for data collection. Data were collected between June 2021 and April 2023. Participants were surveyed a total of four times at intervals of four months. At month 12 participants were offered a home visit including a non-invasive examination. Data on all-cause mortality and information on neighborhood social and built environment as well as health insurance data will be linked to primarily collected data at the individual level. Discussion Results will inform health politicians and other stakeholders in the care system on health and health care needs of older people in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Fuchs
- Corresponding author Dr Judith Fuchs, Robert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, General-Pape-Str. 62–66, 12101 Berlin, Germany, E-mail:
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Ramos‐Henderson M, Soto‐Añari M, Herrera‐Pino J, Porto MF, Camargo L, Hesse H, Ferrel‐Ortega † R, Quispe‐Ayala C, García de la Cadena C, Mendoza‐Ruvalcaba N, Caldichoury N, Castellanos C, Varón C, Aguilar D, Antezana R, Martinez J, Román N, Boza C, Ducassou A, Saldías C, López N. Factors associated with cognitive impairment in Latin American older adults: A cross-sectional observational study of COVID-19 confinement. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12427. [PMID: 37063389 PMCID: PMC10102893 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of COVID-19 confinement have been severe, especially in older adults. Therefore, we analyzed the factors associated with cognitive impairment (CI) in Latin America (LA). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional observational study with a total of 5245 older adults from 10 countries in LA. Measurement We used the Telephone Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T-MoCA) and the Eight-item Informant Interview to Differentiate Aging and Dementia (AD8) scale. RESULTS We found that age, depressive symptomatology, bone fractures, being widowed, having a family member with dementia, and unemployment were associated with an increased risk of CI. In contrast, higher education, hypertension with continuous treatment, quarantine, and keeping stimulating cognitive and physical activities were associated with a lower probability of CI. No significant association was found between suffering from diabetes or being retired and CI. DISCUSSION It is essential to conduct follow-up studies on these factors, considering their relationship with CI and the duration of confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ramos‐Henderson
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Gerontología Aplicada (CIGAP)Facultad de SaludUniversidad Santo TomásAntofagastaChile
| | - Marcio Soto‐Añari
- Departamento de PsicologíaUniversidad Católica San PabloArequipaPerú
| | | | - María F. Porto
- Neuroscience AreaL'Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of CognitionDevelopment and Educational PsychologyUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Loida Camargo
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento Médico, Grupo de investigación Neurociencia y Salud GlobalUniversidad de CartagenaCartagena de IndiasColombia
| | - Heike Hesse
- Observatorio COVID‐19Universidad Tecnológica CentroamericanaTegucigalpaHonduras
| | - Robert Ferrel‐Ortega †
- Programa de PsicologíaFacultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad MagdalenaSanta MartaColombia
| | - Cesar Quispe‐Ayala
- Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias PolíticasUniversidad Nacional de HuancavelicaHuancavelicaPerú
| | - Claudia García de la Cadena
- Departamento de NeuropsicologíaFacultad de Ciencias SocialesUniversidad del Valle de GuatemalaGuatemala CityGuatema
| | - Neyda Mendoza‐Ruvalcaba
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud Enfermedad como Proceso IndividualUniversidad de GuadalajaraCutonalaMéxico
| | | | - Cesar Castellanos
- Dirección ejecutivaInstituto Dominicano para el Estudio de la Salud Integral y la Psicología Aplicada (IDESIP)Santo DomingoRepública Dominicana
| | - Claudia Varón
- Dirección ejecutivaFundación Acción Familiar Alzheimer Colombia‐AFACOLBogotáColombia
| | - Dolores Aguilar
- Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias PolíticasUniversidad Nacional de HuancavelicaHuancavelicaPerú
| | - Regulo Antezana
- Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias PolíticasUniversidad Nacional de HuancavelicaHuancavelicaPerú
| | - Juan Martinez
- Departmet of EducationUniversidad Ana G. MéndezSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Norbel Román
- Centro de Investigación en Hematología y Trastornos AfinesUniversidad de Costa RicaSan JoséCosta Rica
| | - Carolina Boza
- Centro de Investigación en Hematología y Trastornos AfinesUniversidad de Costa RicaSan JoséCosta Rica
| | - Alejandro Ducassou
- Vicerrectoría Regional y Escuela de PsicologiaFaculta de Medicina y Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Mayor‐TemucoTemucoChile
| | - Carol Saldías
- Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad San SebastiánValdiviaChile
| | - Norman López
- Departamento de Ciencias SocialesUniversidad de La CostaBarranquillaColombia
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Amendolara A, Noonan E. Telemedicine, Isolation, and Anxiety: The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns on an 87-Year-Old Woman. Cureus 2023; 15:e36195. [PMID: 37065320 PMCID: PMC10104680 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This report describes an 87-year-old female who received cognitive behavioral therapy and medication for anxiety before, during, and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdowns. Our objective is to highlight the impact of isolation, examine the use of telemedicine during the pandemic, and stress the importance of early implementation of this technology. To this end, a chart review of psychotherapy and psychiatry progress notes from 2019 to 2022 and a patient interview were utilized to assess the impact of COVID-19 and telemedicine on the patient's anxiety symptoms, feelings of isolation, and treatment plan. Feelings of isolation, especially, were exacerbated. Prior to the pandemic, the patient was extremely physically and socially active. The reduced ability to interact with others and maintain her independence was detrimental. As a result, COVID-19 impacted the patient's progress significantly and caused regression of symptoms. However, telemedicine allowed for the continuation of therapy and follow-up to the present time. Though telemedicine allowed the patient to receive regular care for the duration of the lockdown and to regain control of anxiety symptoms, she only recently became comfortable with the technology. Now, the patient prefers the convenience and ease of telemedicine, continues to receive care through this modality, and feels that her current care is equivalent to in-person therapy. This case report should serve as a reminder of the effect that isolation can have on older adults with pre-existing anxiety. Notably, isolation may be related to the recent COVID-19 pandemic or other factors, such as reduced mobility or limited access to social services. In any case, isolation has a substantial impact on older patients' mental health. And, despite the availability of telemedicine, clinicians should be aware of the technical challenges surrounding emergency implementation. We suggest early exposure to telemedicine for patients, as well as staff training focused on the potential technical limitations of those patients. We also suggest an assessment of technical literacy, conducted early on as part of a patient's initial intake. The main limitation of this report, and the conclusions drawn herein, is the lack of quantitative measures available. Thus, assessment of the patient's condition and symptoms was restricted to clinician assessment and self-reported measures. We feel though that this remains a useful example of the long-term benefit of telemedicine for older individuals.
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Hytman L, Hemming M, Newman T, Newton NJ. Future Time Perspective and Psychological Well-Being for Older Canadian Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37361381 PMCID: PMC9992910 DOI: 10.1007/s10804-023-09445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Relevant literature indicates that one's perception of future time is related to their psychological well-being, particularly for older adults. However, more research is needed to understand this relationship in the context of COVID-19. Older adults may be especially vulnerable to the psychological impacts of the pandemic, but findings on their psychological well-being during COVID-19 are mixed. The current study examines relationships between Future Time Perspective (FTP), COVID-19 impact, and Psychological Well-Being, and how these variables change over 8 months during the earlier period of the pandemic. The current study explored these relationships in a sample of older women in Ontario, Canada, at two time points (Mage = 70.39 at T1), who completed online Qualtrics surveys. We used hierarchical linear regressions to test our expectations that COVID-19 impact would be negatively associated with psychological well-being, whereas FTP would be positively associated with psychological well-being, and that FTP would moderate the relationship between COVID-19 impact and psychological well-being. We found partial support for these hypotheses. Our knowledge of the relationship between FTP and psychological well-being would benefit from research that continues to explore different contexts and diverse samples, to enhance understandings of important differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hytman
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maya Hemming
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Tal Newman
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Nicky J. Newton
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
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11
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Győri Á. The impact of social-relationship patterns on worsening mental health among the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Hungary. SSM Popul Health 2023; 21:101346. [PMID: 36712146 PMCID: PMC9868011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates the coronavirus pandemic has severely affected the oldest age group: in Hungary 92.7 per cent of those who died due to COVID-19 infection were 60 years of age or older. The age structure of the deceased was very similar in other countries. As, due to their underlying health status, elderly people are more vulnerable to the serious diseases caused by the coronavirus, strict government restrictions were introduced worldwide to protect them when the epidemic broke out. However, this social isolation can cause severe psychological and emotional strain. The study aim was to examine how patterns of social relationships were related to changes in mental health of the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary. We used the database of SHARE COVID-19 for our analysis. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted. Findings of this study suggest that the network lacking contacts increases the severity of depression, anxiety, sleeping disorders, and loneliness the most among the elderly. Interestingly, the group with an intense close-knit network had a higher risk of worsening mental symptoms compared to multiple contact actives. Moreover, electronic communication - telephone, Skype - did not help either: there was a particularly high probability of worsening depression in this group. Another interesting result is that both in the group dominated by family contacts and among those with multiple relationships, the chances of worsening mental symptoms were lower, thus, personal contact - whether they include family members or other acquaintances - is truly protective. Results demonstrate that both the network characterised by lack of contact network and electronic contact activity contribute to greater risk of worsening mental health within elderly. A network pattern characterised by various types and forms of contacts is the most beneficial to mental health, and intensive contacts of limited scope alone are not sufficient to protect mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Győri
- Centre for Social Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Hungary
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12
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Li L, Taeihagh A, Tan SY. A scoping review of the impacts of COVID-19 physical distancing measures on vulnerable population groups. Nat Commun 2023; 14:599. [PMID: 36737447 PMCID: PMC9897623 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Most governments have enacted physical or social distancing measures to control COVID-19 transmission. Yet little is known about the socio-economic trade-offs of these measures, especially for vulnerable populations, who are exposed to increased risks and are susceptible to adverse health outcomes. To examine the impacts of physical distancing measures on the most vulnerable in society, this scoping review screened 39,816 records and synthesised results from 265 studies worldwide documenting the negative impacts of physical distancing on older people, children/students, low-income populations, migrant workers, people in prison, people with disabilities, sex workers, victims of domestic violence, refugees, ethnic minorities, and people from sexual and gender minorities. We show that prolonged loneliness, mental distress, unemployment, income loss, food insecurity, widened inequality and disruption of access to social support and health services were unintended consequences of physical distancing that impacted these vulnerable groups and highlight that physical distancing measures exacerbated the vulnerabilities of different vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Policy Systems Group, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Araz Taeihagh
- Policy Systems Group, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Si Ying Tan
- Alexandra Research Centre for Healthcare in The Virtual Environment (ARCHIVE), Department of Healthcare Redesign, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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13
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Dalecká A, Pikhart H, Bartošková A, Čapková N, Bobák M. Determinants of depressive symptoms increase in older persons during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from Czech cohort study using repeated assessments. J Epidemiol Community Health 2023; 77:101-107. [PMID: 36414404 PMCID: PMC9872248 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-219412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies reported higher levels of mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic but only a minority used repeated measurements. We investigated change in depressive symptoms in the Czech ageing cohort and the impact of pre-existing and COVID-19-related stressors. METHODS We used data on 2853 participants (mean age 73.4 years) from the Czech part of the prospective Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe cohort that participated in postal questionnaire surveys before (September 2017-June 2018) and during the pandemic (October 2020-April 2021). Participants reported their depressive symptoms using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale including 10 (CESD-10) tool. A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to create representative components of the pandemic-related stressors. The impact of the stressors on change in depressive symptoms was tested using multivariable linear regression, after adjustment for age and potential confounders. RESULTS Three patterns of the pandemic-related stressors ('financial stressors', 'social and perception stressors' and 'death and hospitalisation stressors') were extracted from the PCA. The mean CESD-10 score increased from 4.90 to 5.37 (p<0.001). In fully adjusted models, significantly larger increases in depression score were reported by older people (β=0.052; p=0.006), those with poor self-rated health (β=0.170; p<0.001), those who experienced death or hospitalisation of a close person (β=0.064; p<0.001), social deprivation (β=0.057; p<0.001), delays in healthcare (β=0.048; p=0.005) and those who suffered from COVID-19 (β=0.045; p=0.008). CONCLUSION This study confirms an increase in depressive symptoms in older persons during the pandemic and identified several pandemic-related risk factors suggesting that public health policies should address this vulnerable group by adopting the preventing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalecká
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Bartošková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Martin Bobák
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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14
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Tran K, Buchanan J, Song YJC, Rosenberg S, Occhipinti JA, Hickie IB. A Mental Wealth perspective: crossing disciplines to understand the value of collective mental and social assets in the post-COVID-19 era. Int J Ment Health Syst 2022; 16:56. [PMID: 36503682 PMCID: PMC9742032 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-022-00568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A reconceptualised global strategy is key as nations begin to shift from crisis management to medium- and long-term planning to rebuild and strengthen their economic, social and public health systems. Efforts towards measuring, modelling, and forecasting Mental Wealth could serve as the catalyst for this reconceptualization. The Mental Wealth approach builds systemic resilience through investments which promote collective cognitive and emotional wellbeing. This paper presents the theoretical foundations for Mental Wealth. It presents, for the first time, literature across the disciplines of health and social sciences, economics, business, and humanities to underpin the development of an operational metric of Mental Wealth. DISCUSSION An approach which embeds social and psychological dimensions of prosperity, alongside the economic, is needed to inform the effective allocation of investments in the post-pandemic world. The authors advocate for a transdisciplinary framework of Mental Wealth to be applied in innovating population-level policy interventions to address the growing challenges brought on by COVID-19. Mental Wealth highlights the value generated by the deployment of collective mental assets and supporting social infrastructure. In order to inform this position, a review of the literature on the concepts underpinning Mental Wealth is presented, limitations of current measurement tools of mental and social resources are evaluated, and a framework for development of a Mental Wealth metric is proposed. CONCLUSION There are challenges in developing an operational Mental Wealth metric. The breadth of conceptual foundations to be considered is extensive, and there may be a lack of agreement on the appropriate tools for its measurement. While variability across current measurement approaches in social resources, wellbeing and mental assets contributes to the difficulty creating a holistic and generic metric, these variations are now clearer. The operationalisation of the Mental Wealth metric will require comprehensive mapping of the elements to be included against the data available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Tran
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XBrain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XMental Wealth Initiative, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - John Buchanan
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XMental Wealth Initiative, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834X Sydney Business School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yun Ju Christine Song
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XBrain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XMental Wealth Initiative, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Sebastian Rosenberg
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XBrain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XMental Wealth Initiative, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Jo-An Occhipinti
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XBrain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XMental Wealth Initiative, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia ,Computer Simulation & Advanced Research Technologies (CSART), Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian B. Hickie
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XBrain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XMental Wealth Initiative, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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15
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Liao Q, Dong M, Yuan J, Lam WWT, Fielding R. Community vulnerability to the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative synthesis from an ecological perspective. J Glob Health 2022; 12:05054. [PMID: 36462204 PMCID: PMC9719409 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.05054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to conduct a narrative synthesis of components and indicators of community vulnerability to a pandemic and discuss their interrelationships from an ecological perspective. Methods We searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus (updated to November 2021) for studies focusing on community vulnerability to a pandemic caused by novel respiratory viruses on a geographic unit basis . Studies that reported the associations of community vulnerability levels with at least one disease morbidity or mortality outcome were included. Results Forty-one studies were included. All were about the COVID-19 pandemic. Suitable temperature and humidity environments, advanced social and human development (including high population density and human mobility, connectivity, and occupations), and settings that intensified physical interactions are important indicators of vulnerability to viral exposure. However, the eventual pandemic health impacts are predominant in communities that faced environmental pollution, higher proportions of socioeconomically deprived people, health deprivation, higher proportions of poor-condition households, limited access to preventive health care and urban infrastructure, uneven social and human development, and racism. More stringent social distancing policies were associated with lower COVID-19 morbidity and mortality only in the early pandemic phases. Prolonged social distancing policies can disproportionately burden the socially disadvantaged and racially/ethnically marginalized groups. Conclusions Community vulnerability to a pandemic is foremost the vulnerability of the ecological systems shaped by complex interactions between the human and environmental systems. Registration PROSPERO (CRD42021266186).
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16
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Jung JH, Choi KW, Kim HHS. Examining the Complex (Curvilinear and Contingent) Associations between Social Distancing Compliance and Subjective Health during a Global Health Crisis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16058. [PMID: 36498132 PMCID: PMC9738174 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated a potential curvilinear link between social distancing behavior and subjective health in later life. It also evaluated whether food insecurity and community social capital moderated the focal relationship. METHODS Data were drawn from three waves of the COVID Impact Survey (N = 19,234). Mixed-effects models were fitted. RESULTS Social distancing has a non-monotonic (U-shaped) relationship with subjective health, i.e., individuals with low and high levels of social distancing show relatively better health. Moreover, the negative linear relationship between social distancing and health is weaker among people suffering from food insecurity as well as those living in communities with lower stocks of social capital. DISCUSSION This study sheds new light on the health implications of social distancing during the pandemic. Our findings dovetail with the steeling hypothesis, i.e., that social distancing is less harmful for U.S. older adults exposed to prior stressful or vulnerable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Jung
- Department of Sociology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Choi
- Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Harris Hyun-soo Kim
- Department of Sociology, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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17
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Torres Z, Oliver A, Tomás JM. Mapping Protective Performance of Social Network Types on Health and Quality of Life in Older People in European Regions. J Aging Health 2022:8982643221142078. [DOI: 10.1177/08982643221142078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To identify social network profiles using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), to study the relationships of these profiles with health markers, mental health, quality of life, and cognitive functioning, and to compare profiles across European regions. Methods: 27,272 participants from the Wave 8 of the SHARE project, aged 65 or older (M = 74.95, SD = 7.17) from Europe. Statistical analyses included LPAs followed by MANOVAs to compare the profiles and the health markers. Results: Five profiles were identified: family, friends, spouse, diverse, and others. A no network group was also added. The prevalence of the specific profiles differed across European regions. Individuals with no network and those categorized into the others profile presented the worst health outcomes. Discussion: The “friends” network is more protective toward cognitive functioning and physical health and the “spouse” and “family” ones are more protective toward mental health. The variability according to European regions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaira Torres
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Oliver
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Tomás
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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18
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Richter L, Heidinger T. Poverty in old age in times of COVID-19-Empirical results from Austria. Front Public Health 2022; 10:972076. [PMID: 36466524 PMCID: PMC9713516 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.972076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early in the pandemic, researchers were cautioning that COVID-19 and the associated health policy countermeasures would have an increased negative impact on groups that were already vulnerable before the pandemic. One of these groups are older people affected by poverty, who according to official figures make up 13.9% of older population in Austria. Even before the pandemic, their living situation was considered precarious. Not without reason, this group has been identified as a high-risk group of the pandemic, due to their increased likelihood of severe COVID-19 related illness and their limited monetary resources and thus lower chances of coping with the pandemic. Nevertheless, research on this group has remained sparse to date. Therefore, the aim of the study is to focus on older people (60+ years) below the poverty line and to compare them with non-poor individuals. Data from the SHARE (Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe) project is used, combining data from the two SHARE Corona Surveys (summer 2020 and summer 2021) and the SHARE Corona Special Austria Survey (December 2020) to gain the most complete picture of life situation during the pandemic. Results demonstrate that older people in poverty were more likely to report poor subjective health before as well as during the pandemic yet were significantly more likely to refuse vaccination against COVID-19, despite adhering to other measures against the pandemic to the same extent as non-poor people. Restrictions in the health care system affected both groups equally and no significant differences in the frequency of social contacts could be found. However, older people below the poverty line were significantly more likely to rely on social support to obtain necessities during the pandemic and were less likely to use the internet. Together, these results point out that disadvantage exist for the older poor in some but not all areas of life during the pandemic. This paper is aimed at providing first insights into the lives of poor older persons during a taxing time and may perhaps inspire more in-depth study of this particularly understudied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Richter
- Department of Social Sciences, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Theresa Heidinger
- Department of Gerontology and Health Research, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Lower Austria, Austria
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19
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Hoogendijk EO, Schuster NA, van Tilburg TG, Schaap LA, Suanet B, De Breij S, Kok AA, Van Schoor NM, Timmermans EJ, de Jongh RT, Visser M, Huisman M. Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index: a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults. BMJ Open 2022. [PMID: 36323473 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop an index to measure older adults' exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and to study its association with various domains of functioning. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a cohort study in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling older adults aged 62-102 years (n=1089) who participated in the LASA COVID-19 study (June-September 2020), just after the first wave of the pandemic. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES A 35-item COVID-19 exposure index with a score ranging between 0 and 1 was developed, including items that assess the extent to which the COVID-19 situation affected daily lives of older adults. Descriptive characteristics of the index were studied, stratified by several sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to study associations between the exposure index and several indicators of functioning (functional limitations, anxiety, depression and loneliness). RESULTS The mean COVID-19 exposure index score was 0.20 (SD 0.10). Scores were relatively high among women and in the southern region of the Netherlands. In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and prepandemic functioning (2018-2019), those with scores in the highest tertile of the exposure index were more likely to report functional limitations (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.38), anxiety symptoms (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.82 to 5.44), depressive symptoms (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.55 to 4.00) and loneliness (OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 2.08 to 4.26) than those in the lowest tertile. CONCLUSIONS Among older adults in the Netherlands, higher exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with worse functioning in the physical, mental and social domain. The newly developed exposure index may be used to identify persons for whom targeted interventions are needed to maintain or improve functioning during the pandemic or postpandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Noah A Schuster
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo G van Tilburg
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura A Schaap
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca Suanet
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sascha De Breij
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Almar Al Kok
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M Van Schoor
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J Timmermans
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renate T de Jongh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Huisman
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Hoogendijk EO, Schuster NA, van Tilburg TG, Schaap LA, Suanet B, De Breij S, Kok AA, Van Schoor NM, Timmermans EJ, de Jongh RT, Visser M, Huisman M. Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam COVID-19 exposure index: a cross-sectional analysis of the impact of the pandemic on daily functioning of older adults. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061745. [PMID: 36323473 PMCID: PMC9638742 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop an index to measure older adults' exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and to study its association with various domains of functioning. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a cohort study in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling older adults aged 62-102 years (n=1089) who participated in the LASA COVID-19 study (June-September 2020), just after the first wave of the pandemic. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES A 35-item COVID-19 exposure index with a score ranging between 0 and 1 was developed, including items that assess the extent to which the COVID-19 situation affected daily lives of older adults. Descriptive characteristics of the index were studied, stratified by several sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to study associations between the exposure index and several indicators of functioning (functional limitations, anxiety, depression and loneliness). RESULTS The mean COVID-19 exposure index score was 0.20 (SD 0.10). Scores were relatively high among women and in the southern region of the Netherlands. In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and prepandemic functioning (2018-2019), those with scores in the highest tertile of the exposure index were more likely to report functional limitations (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.38), anxiety symptoms (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.82 to 5.44), depressive symptoms (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.55 to 4.00) and loneliness (OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 2.08 to 4.26) than those in the lowest tertile. CONCLUSIONS Among older adults in the Netherlands, higher exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with worse functioning in the physical, mental and social domain. The newly developed exposure index may be used to identify persons for whom targeted interventions are needed to maintain or improve functioning during the pandemic or postpandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Noah A Schuster
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo G van Tilburg
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura A Schaap
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca Suanet
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sascha De Breij
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Almar Al Kok
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M Van Schoor
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J Timmermans
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renate T de Jongh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Huisman
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Nieman DC, Sakaguchi CA. Physical activity lowers the risk for acute respiratory infections: Time for recognition. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:648-655. [PMID: 35995362 PMCID: PMC9391085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a well-established risk factor for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. There is a growing awareness that physical inactivity should also be regarded as a risk factor for acute respiratory infections (ARIs). ARIs, such as the common cold, influenza, pneumonia, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are among the most pervasive diseases on earth and cause widespread morbidity and mortality. Evidence in support of the linkage between ARIs and physical inactivity has been strengthened during the COVID-19 pandemic because of increased scientific scrutiny. Large-scale studies have consistently reported that the risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes is elevated in cohorts with low physical activity and/or physical fitness, even after adjusting for other risk factors. The lowered risk for severe COVID-19 and other ARIs in physically active groups is attributed to exercise-induced immunoprotective effects, including enhanced surveillance of key immune cells and reduced chronic inflammation. Scientific consensus groups, including those who submitted the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, have not yet given this area of research the respect that is due. It is time to add "reduced risk for ARIs" to the "Exercise is Medicine" list of physical activity-related health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Camila A Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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22
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Berniell I, Laferrère A, Mira P, Pronkina E. Robinson Crusoe: less or more depressed? With whom and where to live in a pandemic if you are above 50. REVIEW OF ECONOMICS OF THE HOUSEHOLD 2022; 21:435-459. [PMID: 36091928 PMCID: PMC9440462 DOI: 10.1007/s11150-022-09624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Did the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic and the various lockdown measures taken by European governments in the spring of 2020 impact individuals aged 50 and over differently according to their living arrangements and housing conditions? Focusing on three indicators of mental well-being, depression, loneliness and trouble sleeping, this paper answers the question using data on Europeans interviewed in the SHARE Corona Survey, fielded right after the first wave of the pandemic in summer 2020, linked longitudinally with two previous waves of SHARE (2013 and 2015). We find that the first wave of the pandemic changed the association between mental health and living arrangements and housing conditions. New to this pandemic period, the mental well-being of those who lived only with a spouse declined relative to the general population aged 50+. Relatedly, there was a protective impact for parents of having (adult) children in the same building as opposed to children, however close, who were not co-residing. Finally, living in cities and in multi-unit housing also led to a decrease in mental well-being relative to the general population aged 50+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Berniell
- CEDLAS - IIE - Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Anne Laferrère
- Université Paris-Dauphine - PSL, Pl Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France
| | | | - Elizaveta Pronkina
- Université Paris-Dauphine - PSL, Pl Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France
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23
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Becerra-Medina LT, Meneses-La-Riva ME, Ruíz-Ruíz MT, Marcilla-Félix A, Suyo-Vega JA, Fernández-Bedoya VH. Mental health impacts of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in Peru: Fear of contagion, generalized anxiety, and physical-cognitive fatigue. Front Psychol 2022; 13:917302. [PMID: 35959066 PMCID: PMC9358276 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.917302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has resulted in the physical and emotional deterioration of health personnel, especially nurses, whose emotional state is affected by the high risk of contagion, the high demands of health services, and the exhausting working hours. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between fear, anxiety, and fatigue of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in a second level public hospital in Peru. This study presents a quantitative approach and correlational level, cross-sectional, and non-experimental design. The sample consisted of 145 nurses who attended patients with COVID-19 in health care areas. The results show a significant relationship between fear of contagion and physical-cognitive fatigue (p < 0.001; r = 317) and a significant relationship between generalized anxiety and physical-cognitive fatigue (p < 0.001; r = 480). It is concluded that in this context, both fear of contagion and generalized anxiety are related to physical-cognitive fatigue.
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24
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Islam MR, Rahman MS, Qusar MMAS. Community‐based decentralized mental health services are essential to prevent the epidemic turn of post‐Covid mental disorders in Bangladesh: A call to action. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e734. [PMID: 35873400 PMCID: PMC9297297 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh
| | | | - MMA Shalahuddin Qusar
- Department of Psychiatry Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh
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25
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Did the Socio-Economic Gradient in Depression in Later-Life Deteriorate or Weaken during the COVID-19 Pandemic? New Evidence from England Using Path Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116700. [PMID: 35682285 PMCID: PMC9179983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that there is a socioeconomic gradient in adult mental health. However, little is known about whether and how this gradient has been exacerbated or mitigated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to identify the modifiable pathways involved in the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis included 5107 adults aged 50+ living in England and participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing Wave nine (2018–2019) and the COVID-19 study (June 2020). Mental health was measured using a shortened version of the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Path analysis with multiple mediator models was used to estimate the direct effect of SEP (measured by educational qualification and household wealth) on mental health (measured by depression), along with the indirect effects of SEP via three mediators: COVID-19 infection symptoms, service accessibility and social contact. The results show that the prevalence of depression for the same cohort increased from 12.6% pre-pandemic to 19.7% during the first wave of the pandemic. The risk of depression increased amongst older people who experienced COVID-19 infection, difficulties accessing services and less frequent social contact. The total effects of education and wealth on depression were negatively significant. Through mediators, wealth and education were indirectly associated with depression. Wealth also directly affected the outcome. The findings suggest that the socioeconomic gradient in depression among older people may have deteriorated during the initial phase of the pandemic and that this could in part be explained by increased financial hardship, difficulties in accessing services and reduced social contact.
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26
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Latsou D, Bolosi FM, Androutsou L, Geitona M. Professional Quality of Life and Occupational Stress in Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece. Health Serv Insights 2022; 15:11786329221096042. [PMID: 35651953 PMCID: PMC9149609 DOI: 10.1177/11786329221096042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Health professionals (HPs) coping with the coronavirus pandemic are at risk of working under stressful conditions impacting their professional well-being. The aim of this paper was to explore HP’s professional quality of life and occupational stress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted (from October to December 2020) in a COVID-19 reference hospital, one of the biggest in Attica. The method of convenience sampling has been used. Data collection was carried out through an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire including, apart from HPs’ demographic and occupational characteristics, Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQoL) and Job Stress Measure. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed to physicians and nurses. One hundred eighty-six questionnaires were fully completed (response rate = 78.8%). The analysis was based on descriptive and inductive statistics, using SPSS v25. Results: Participants’ mean age was 41.5 ± 10.4 years; 75.3% were women and 62.4% was nursing staff. ProQoL analysis showed that the majority had moderate compassion satisfaction (74.2%) and burnout (78.5%), while 48.8% had moderate level of secondary post-traumatic stress. The mean value of occupational stress was estimated at 2.76, showing a moderate level of stress. HPs’ demographic and occupational characteristics seemed to affect both work stress and ProQoL ( P ⩽ .05). Occupational stress was positively correlated with both burnout ( r = 0.461, P = .001) and secondary post-traumatic stress ( r = 0.596, P = .001), indicating that an increase in health professionals’ stress at work corresponds to a simultaneous increase in ProQoL. Conclusions: HPs’ professional quality of life and occupational stress seemed to be moderate during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece. In order to achieve an improvement in HPs’ overall professional well-being, priority should be given to the strengthening of the capacity of the healthcare system as well as to supporting HPs in both stress management and psychological resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Latsou
- Department of Public Administration, University of Neapolis, Pafos, Cyprus
| | - Fevronia-Maria Bolosi
- Department of Public Administration, University of Neapolis, Pafos, Cyprus
- General Hospital of Athens “Evangelismos,” Athens, Greece
| | - Lorena Androutsou
- Department of Public Administration, University of Neapolis, Pafos, Cyprus
| | - Mary Geitona
- Department of Public Administration, University of Neapolis, Pafos, Cyprus
- Department of Social & Educational Policy, School of Social Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Corinth, Greece
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27
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Jin K, Huang J, Teng Z, Liu F, Li S, Qiu Y, Wu H, Chen J, Xiang H, Yang M, Xu X, Tang H, Shi F. Changes in the mental health status of the general Chinese population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:765125. [PMID: 35966497 PMCID: PMC9366008 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.765125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study is based on a longitudinal evaluation of the public, during the initial COVID-19 outbreak in China and 8 months after. It aimed to explore the changes in the mental health of the public at the beginning of the pandemic and during the regular epidemic prevention and control. An online survey questionnaire was used to collect data during the initial COVID-19 outbreak (February 10, 2020-February 18, 2020; T1) and 8 months after the outbreak (October 21, 2020-December 29, 2020; T2). Psychological distress was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5). A chi-square test was used to compare the changes in the depression and anxiety scores at T1 and T2, and the correlation between symptoms was analyzed through Spearman's rank correlation. In T1, 1,200 people were recruited, while 168 people responded in T2. Depression (48.2-31.0%; p=0.001) and anxiety (17.9-9.5%; p = 0.026) symptoms decreased over time; two participants developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in T2. The scores of the PHQ-9 scale and the SAS scale were both positively correlated with the score of the PCL-5 scale and negatively correlated with sleep time. During the COVID-19 pandemic, part of the general population's anxiety and depression significantly reduced with time, and they rarely developed PTSD. PTSD occurrence was related to severe depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziwei Teng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fangtai Liu
- Hunan Post and Telecommunication College, Changsha, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haishan Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuelei Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fangliu Shi
- Xiangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Medical Health Group (The Third Hospital District), Xiangshan, China
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28
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Inoue S, Xu H, Maswana JC, Kobayashi M. Forecasting of Future Medical Care Expenditure in Japan Using a System Dynamics Model. INQUIRY: THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION, AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580221091397. [PMID: 35420903 PMCID: PMC9019330 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221091397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to construct a system dynamics (SD) model to estimate the future medical care expenditure and to address the dynamic issues of health care that should be resolved. In particular, the measures for promoting the spread of generic drug (GE drug) usage in Japan and reducing cancer-related medical expenses were investigated regarding their future impact on medical finances. Methods The SD model was constructed from FY 2018 to FY 2050. The change in the future GE drug quantity share was analyzed by using a regression equation. The impact of the increase in medical expense for cancer and the change in the future national medical care expenditure were also estimated. Results The annual total medical care expenditure in FY 2050 would arrive at 58.9–64.2 trillion JPY (US$ 535.1–584.0 billion) (1.3–1.5 times higher than that in FY 2018) with different trends in age groups. The cumulative total medical care expenditure was expected to decrease by about 787.0–989.4 billion JPY (US$ 7.2–9.0 billion) if the impact of the spread of GE drug usage was considered. On the other hand, due to the continuous increase in the cancer-related medical expense, the cumulative total medical care expenditure was estimated to increase about 7554.3–11715.0 billion JPY (US$ 68.7–106.5 billion). Conclusions If the cancer-related medical expense continues to increase in the future, an increase of 686.4–1104.2 billion JPY (US$ 6.2–10.0 billion) in FY 2050 is expected which suggests that this disease field should be prioritized regarding the measures to maintain medical finances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hua Xu
- Faculty of Business Sciences, The University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
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