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Mizoguchi T. In vivo dynamics of hard tissue-forming cell origins: Insights from Cre/loxP-based cell lineage tracing studies. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:109-119. [PMID: 38406212 PMCID: PMC10885318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue provides structural support for our bodies, with the inner bone marrow (BM) acting as a hematopoietic organ. Within the BM tissue, two types of stem cells play crucial roles: mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (or skeletal stem cells) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These stem cells are intricately connected, where BM-MSCs give rise to bone-forming osteoblasts and serve as essential components in the BM microenvironment for sustaining HSCs. Despite the mid-20th century proposal of BM-MSCs, their in vivo identification remained elusive owing to a lack of tools for analyzing stemness, specifically self-renewal and multipotency. To address this challenge, Cre/loxP-based cell lineage tracing analyses are being employed. This technology facilitated the in vivo labeling of specific cells, enabling the tracking of their lineage, determining their stemness, and providing a deeper understanding of the in vivo dynamics governing stem cell populations responsible for maintaining hard tissues. This review delves into cell lineage tracing studies conducted using commonly employed genetically modified mice expressing Cre under the influence of LepR, Gli1, and Axin2 genes. These studies focus on research fields spanning long bones and oral/maxillofacial hard tissues, offering insights into the in vivo dynamics of stem cell populations crucial for hard tissue homeostasis.
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Eldeeb D, Ikeda Y, Hojo H, Ohba S. Unraveling the hidden complexity: Exploring dental tissues through single-cell transcriptional profiling. Regen Ther 2024; 27:218-229. [PMID: 38596822 PMCID: PMC11002530 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the composition and function of cells constituting tissues and organs is vital for unraveling biological processes. Single-cell analysis has allowed us to move beyond traditional methods of categorizing cell types. This innovative technology allows the transcriptional and epigenetic profiling of numerous individual cells, leading to significant insights into the development, homeostasis, and pathology of various organs and tissues in both animal models and human samples. In this review, we delve into the outcomes of major investigations using single-cell transcriptomics to decipher the cellular composition of mammalian teeth and periodontal tissues. The recent single-cell transcriptome-based studies have traced in detail the dental epithelium-ameloblast lineage and dental mesenchyme lineages in the mouse incisors and the tooth germ of both mice and humans; unraveled the microenvironment, the identity of niche cells, and cellular intricacies in the dental pulp; shed light on the molecular mechanisms orchestrating root formation; and characterized cellular dynamics of the periodontal ligament. Additionally, cellular components in dental pulps were compared between healthy and carious teeth at a single-cell level. Each section of this review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of tooth biology, offering valuable insights into developmental processes, niche cell identification, and the molecular secrets of the dental environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahlia Eldeeb
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Yuki Ikeda
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Hironori Hojo
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan
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Pi HJ, Huang B, Yuan Q, Jing JJ. Neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial bone: development, homeostasis and repair. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1423539. [PMID: 39135707 PMCID: PMC11318092 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1423539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells endow various functions, including proliferation, multipotency, migration, etc. Craniofacial bones originate from the cranial neural crest and are developed mainly through intramembranous ossification, which are different from long bones. There are varied mesenchymal stem cells existing in the craniofacial bone, including Gli1 + cells, Axin2 + cells, Prx1 + cells, etc. Nerves distributed in craniofacial area are also derived from the neural crest, and the trigeminal nerve is the major sensory nerve in craniofacial area. The nerves and the skeleton are tightly linked spatially, and the skeleton is broadly innervated by sensory and sympathetic nerves, which also participate in bone development, homeostasis and healing process. In this review, we summarize mesenchymal stem cells located in craniofacial bone or, to be more specific, in jaws, temporomandibular joint and cranial sutures. Then we discuss the research advance concerning neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial bone, mainly focused on development, homeostasis and repair. Discovery of neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells may assist in treatment in the craniofacial bone diseases or injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Quan Yuan
- *Correspondence: Quan Yuan, ; Jun-Jun Jing,
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Nakazato H, Onodera S, Aida N, Furusawa M, Azuma T. Comprehensive analysis of transcription factors involved in odontoblast differentiation mechanism. Med Mol Morphol 2024:10.1007/s00795-024-00389-w. [PMID: 38987402 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-024-00389-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Primary cultured odontoblasts rapidly lose their tissue-specific phenotype. To identify transcription factors (TF) that are important for the maintenance of the odontoblast phenotype, primary cultures of C57BL/6 J mouse dental mesenchymal cells (DMC) were isolated, and expression of TF and odontoblast marker genes in cells immediately after isolation and 2 days after culture were comprehensively evaluated and compared using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). The expression of odontoblast markers in mouse dental mesenchymal cells decreased rapidly after isolation. In addition, the expression of Hedgehog-related, Notch-related, and immediate- early gene (IEG)-related transcription factors significantly decreased. Forced expression of these genes in lentiviral vectors, together with fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4), fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9), and the Wnt pathway activator CHIR99021, significantly induced the expression of odontogenic marker genes. These results indicate, for the first time, that Notch signaling and early genes may be important for maintaining odontoblast cultures. Furthermore, simultaneous stimulation of FGF, Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch pathways, and IEG transcription factors cooperatively promoted the maintenance of the odontoblast phenotype. These results suggest that the Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways may play an important role in maintaining odontoblast phenotypes, in addition to FGF and Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Nakazato
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misaki-Chou, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Shoko Onodera
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misaki-Chou, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Natsuko Aida
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misaki-Chou, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Masahiro Furusawa
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misaki-Chou, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Azuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misaki-Chou, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan.
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5
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Jin M, An Y, Wang Z, Wang G, Lin Z, Ding P, Lu E, Zhao Z, Bi H. Distraction force promotes the osteogenic differentiation of Gli1 + cells in facial sutures via primary cilia-mediated Hedgehog signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:198. [PMID: 38971766 PMCID: PMC11227703 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03811-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis (TSDO) involves the application of distraction force to facial sutures to stimulate osteogenesis. Gli1+ cells in the cranial sutures play an important role in bone growth. However, whether Gli1+ cells in facial sutures differentiate into bone under distraction force is unknown. METHODS 4-week-old Gli1ER/Td and C57BL/6 mice were used to establish a TSDO model to explore osteogenesis of zygomaticomaxillary sutures. A Gli1+ cell lineage tracing model was used to observe the distribution of Gli1+ cells and explore the role of Gli1+ cells in facial bone remodeling. RESULTS Distraction force promoted bone remodeling during TSDO. Fluorescence and two-photon scanning images revealed the distribution of Gli1+ cells. Under distraction force, Gli1-lineage cells proliferated significantly and co-localized with Runx2+ cells. Hedgehog signaling was upregulated in Gli1+ cells. Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling suppresses the proliferation and osteogenesis of Gli1+ cells induced by distraction force. Subsequently, the stem cell characteristics of Gli1+ cells were identified. Cell-stretching experiments verified that mechanical force promoted the osteogenic differentiation of Gli1+ cells through Hh signaling. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining and RT-qPCR experiments demonstrated that the primary cilia in Gli1+ cells exhibit Hedgehog-independent mechanosensitivity, which was required for the osteogenic differentiation induced by mechanical force. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the primary cilia of Gli1+ cells sense mechanical stimuli, mediate Hedgehog signaling activation, and promote the osteogenic differentiation of Gli1+ cells in zygomaticomaxillary sutures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Jin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guanhuier Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhiyu Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Pengbing Ding
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Enhang Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhenmin Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Hongsen Bi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Xu C, Xie X, Wu Y, Wang J, Feng JQ. Bone or Tooth dentin: The TGF-β signaling is the key. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:3557-3569. [PMID: 38993575 PMCID: PMC11234226 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.97206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the cell linkage between tooth dentin and bones, we studied TGF-β roles during postnatal dentin development using TGF-β receptor 2 (Tgfβr2) cKO models and cell lineage tracing approaches. Micro-CT showed that the early Tgfβr2 cKO exhibit short roots and thin root dentin (n = 4; p<0.01), a switch from multilayer pre-odontoblasts/odontoblasts to a single-layer of bone-like cells with a significant loss of ~85% of dentinal tubules (n = 4; p<0.01), and a matrix shift from dentin to bone. Mechanistic studies revealed a statistically significant decrease in odontogenic markers, and a sharp increase in bone markers. The late Tgfβr2 cKO teeth displayed losses of odontoblast polarity, a significant reduction in crown dentin volume, and the onset of massive bone-like structures in the crown pulp with high expression levels of bone markers and low levels of dentin markers. We thus concluded that bones and tooth dentin are in the same evolutionary linkage in which TGF-β signaling defines the odontogenic fate of dental mesenchymal cells and odontoblasts. This finding also raises the possibility of switching the pulp odontogenic to the osteogenic feature of pulp cells via a local manipulation of gene programs in future treatment of tooth fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan China
| | - Xudong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan China
| | - Yafei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan China
| | - Jian Q. Feng
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Huang X, Sui B, Liu A, Guo H, Zheng C, Liu P, Cai X, Fu F, Bai S, Jin F, Chen J, Wei C, Jin Y, Xuan K. Odontogenesis-Empowered Extracellular Vesicles Safeguard Donor-Recipient Stem Cell Interplay to Support Tooth Regeneration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400260. [PMID: 38860737 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Harnessing the developmental events of mesenchymal condensation to direct postnatal dental stem cell aggregation represents a cutting-edge and promising approach to tooth regeneration. Tooth avulsion is among the most prevalent and serious dental injuries, and odontogenic aggregates assembled by stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) have proven effective in revitalizing avulsed teeth after replantation in the clinical trial. However, whether and how SHED aggregates (SA) communicate with recipient components and promote synergistic tissue regeneration to support replanted teeth remains elusive. Here, it is shown that SA-mediated avulsed tooth regeneration involves periodontal restoration and recovery of recipient Gli1+ stem cells, which are mobilized and necessarily contribute to the reestablishment of the tooth-periodontal ligament-bone interface. Mechanistically, the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is revealed indispensable for the implanted SA to mobilize recipient Gli1+ cells and regenerate avulsed teeth. Furthermore, SHED aggregates-released EVs (SA-EVs) are featured with odontogenic properties linked to tissue regeneration, which enhance migration, proliferation, and differentiation of Gli1+ cells. Importantly, local application of SA-EVs per se empowers recipient Gli1+ cells and safeguards regeneration of avulsed teeth. Collectively, the findings establish a paradigm in which odontogenesis-featured EVs govern donor-recipient stem cell interplay to achieve tooth regeneration, inspiring cell-free translational regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Bingdong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Anqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Stomatology, 985 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Chenxi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Peisheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xinyue Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Fei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shengfeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Changze Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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Xu M, Thottappillil N, Cherief M, Li Z, Zhu M, Xing X, Gomez-Salazar M, Mwirigi JM, Sankaranarayanan I, Tavares-Ferreira D, Zhang C, Wang XW, Archer M, Guan Y, Tower RJ, Cahan P, Price TJ, Clemens TL, James AW. Mapping Somatosensory Afferent Circuitry to Bone Identifies Neurotrophic Signals Required for Fracture Healing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.06.597786. [PMID: 38895367 PMCID: PMC11185682 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.06.597786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The profound pain accompanying bone fracture is mediated by somatosensory neurons, which also appear to be required to initiate bone regeneration following fracture. Surprisingly, the precise neuroanatomical circuitry mediating skeletal nociception and regeneration remains incompletely understood. Here, we characterized somatosensory dorsal root ganglia (DRG) afferent neurons innervating murine long bones before and after experimental long bone fracture in mice. Retrograde labeling of DRG neurons by an adeno-associated virus with peripheral nerve tropism showed AAV-tdT signal. Single cell transcriptomic profiling of 6,648 DRG neurons showed highest labeling across CGRP+ neuron clusters (6.9-17.2%) belonging to unmyelinated C fibers, thinly myelinated Aδ fibers and Aβ-Field LTMR (9.2%). Gene expression profiles of retrograde labeled DRG neurons over multiple timepoints following experimental stress fracture revealed dynamic changes in gene expression corresponding to the acute inflammatory ( S100a8 , S100a9 ) and mechanical force ( Piezo2 ). Reparative phase after fracture included morphogens such as Tgfb1, Fgf9 and Fgf18 . Two methods to surgically or genetically denervate fractured bones were used in combination with scRNA-seq to implicate defective mesenchymal cell proliferation and osteodifferentiation as underlying the poor bone repair capacity in the presence of attenuated innervation. Finally, multi-tissue scRNA-seq and interactome analyses implicated neuron-derived FGF9 as a potent regulator of fracture repair, a finding compatible with in vitro assessments of neuron-to-skeletal mesenchyme interactions.
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Guo T, Pei F, Zhang M, Yamada T, Feng J, Jing J, Ho TV, Chai Y. Vascular architecture regulates mesenchymal stromal cell heterogeneity via P53-PDGF signaling in the mouse incisor. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:904-920.e6. [PMID: 38703771 PMCID: PMC11162319 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in niches to maintain tissue homeostasis and contribute to repair and regeneration. Although the physiological functions of blood and lymphatic vasculature are well studied, their regulation of MSCs as niche components remains largely unknown. Using adult mouse incisors as a model, we uncover the role of Trp53 in regulating vascular composition through THBS2 to maintain mesenchymal tissue homeostasis. Loss of Trp53 in GLI1+ progeny increases arteries and decreases other vessel types. Platelet-derived growth factors from arteries deposit in the MSC region and interact with PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Significantly, PDGFRA+ and PDGFRB+ cells differentially contribute to defined cell lineages in the adult mouse incisor. Collectively, our results highlight Trp53's importance in regulating the vascular niche for MSCs. They also shed light on how different arterial cells provide unique cues to regulate MSC subpopulations and maintain their heterogeneity. Furthermore, they provide mechanistic insight into MSC-vasculature crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Takahiko Yamada
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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10
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Seki Y, Takebe H, Nakao Y, Sato K, Mizoguchi T, Nakamura H, Iijima M, Hosoya A. Osteoblast differentiation of Gli1⁺ cells via Wnt and BMP signaling pathways during orthodontic tooth movement. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:373-380. [PMID: 38499228 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Factors that induce bone formation during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) remain unclear. Gli1 was recently identified as a stem cell marker in the periodontal ligament (PDL). Therefore, we evaluated the mechanism of differentiation of Cre/LoxP-mediated Gli1/Tomato+ cells into osteoblasts during OTM. METHODS After the final administration of tamoxifen to 8-week-old Gli1-CreERT2/ROSA26-loxP-stop-loxP-tdTomato mice for 2 days, nickel-titanium closed coil springs were attached between the upper anterior alveolar bone and the first molar. Immunohistochemical localizations of β-catenin, Smad4, and Runx2 were observed in the PDL on 2, 5, and 10 days after OTM initiation. RESULTS In the untreated tooth, few Gli1/Tomato+ cells were detected in the PDL. Two days after OTM initiation, the number of Gli1/Tomato+ cells increased in the PDL on the tension side. On this side, 49.3 ± 7.0% of β-catenin+ and 48.7 ± 5.7% of Smad4+ cells were found in the PDL, and Runx2 expression was detected in some Gli1/Tomato+ cells apart from the alveolar bone. The number of positive cells in the PDL reached a maximum on day 5. In contrast, on the compression side, β-catenin and Smad4 exhibited less immunoreactivity. On day 10, Gli1/Tomato+ cells were aligned on the alveolar bone on the tension side, with some expressing Runx2. CONCLUSIONS Gli1+ cells in the PDL differentiated into osteoblasts during OTM. Wnt and bone morphogenetic proteins signaling pathways may be involved in this differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Seki
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Science University of Hokkaido. Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takebe
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Science University of Hokkaido. Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Yuya Nakao
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Science University of Hokkaido. Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | | | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, 399-0781, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iijima
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Science University of Hokkaido. Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hosoya
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Science University of Hokkaido. Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
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11
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Zhang M, Guo T, Pei F, Feng J, Jing J, Xu J, Yamada T, Ho TV, Du J, Sehgal P, Chai Y. ARID1B maintains mesenchymal stem cell quiescence via inhibition of BCL11B-mediated non-canonical Activin signaling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4614. [PMID: 38816354 PMCID: PMC11139927 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
ARID1B haploinsufficiency in humans causes Coffin-Siris syndrome, associated with developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, and intellectual disability. The role of ARID1B has been widely studied in neuronal development, but whether it also regulates stem cells remains unknown. Here, we employ scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq to dissect the regulatory functions and mechanisms of ARID1B within mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using the mouse incisor model. We reveal that loss of Arid1b in the GLI1+ MSC lineage disturbs MSCs' quiescence and leads to their proliferation due to the ectopic activation of non-canonical Activin signaling via p-ERK. Furthermore, loss of Arid1b upregulates Bcl11b, which encodes a BAF complex subunit that modulates non-canonical Activin signaling by directly regulating the expression of activin A subunit, Inhba. Reduction of Bcl11b or non-canonical Activin signaling restores the MSC population in Arid1b mutant mice. Notably, we have identified that ARID1B suppresses Bcl11b expression via specific binding to its third intron, unveiling the direct inter-regulatory interactions among BAF subunits in MSCs. Our results demonstrate the vital role of ARID1B as an epigenetic modifier in maintaining MSC homeostasis and reveal its intricate mechanistic regulatory network in vivo, providing novel insights into the linkage between chromatin remodeling and stem cell fate determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Takahiko Yamada
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jiahui Du
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Prerna Sehgal
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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12
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Chu X, Kheirollahi V, Lingampally A, Chelladurai P, Valasarajan C, Vazquez-Armendariz AI, Hadzic S, Khadim A, Pak O, Rivetti S, Wilhelm J, Bartkuhn M, Crnkovic S, Moiseenko A, Heiner M, Kraut S, Atefi LS, Koepke J, Valente G, Ruppert C, Braun T, Samakovlis C, Alexopoulos I, Looso M, Chao CM, Herold S, Seeger W, Kwapiszewska G, Huang X, Zhang JS, Pullamsetti SS, Weissmann N, Li X, El Agha E, Bellusci S. GLI1+ Cells Contribute to Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension. Circ Res 2024; 134:e133-e149. [PMID: 38639105 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The precise origin of newly formed ACTA2+ (alpha smooth muscle actin-positive) cells appearing in nonmuscularized vessels in the context of pulmonary hypertension is still debatable although it is believed that they predominantly derive from preexisting vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS Gli1Cre-ERT2; tdTomatoflox mice were used to lineage trace GLI1+ (glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1-positive) cells in the context of pulmonary hypertension using 2 independent models of vascular remodeling and reverse remodeling: hypoxia and cigarette smoke exposure. Hemodynamic measurements, right ventricular hypertrophy assessment, flow cytometry, and histological analysis of thick lung sections followed by state-of-the-art 3-dimensional reconstruction and quantification using Imaris software were used to investigate the contribution of GLI1+ cells to neomuscularization of the pulmonary vasculature. RESULTS The data show that GLI1+ cells are abundant around distal, nonmuscularized vessels during steady state, and this lineage contributes to around 50% of newly formed ACTA2+ cells around these normally nonmuscularized vessels. During reverse remodeling, cells derived from the GLI1+ lineage are largely cleared in parallel to the reversal of muscularization. Partial ablation of GLI1+ cells greatly prevented vascular remodeling in response to hypoxia and attenuated the increase in right ventricular systolic pressure and right heart hypertrophy. Single-cell RNA sequencing on sorted lineage-labeled GLI1+ cells revealed an Acta2high fraction of cells with pathways in cancer and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling as potential players in reprogramming these cells during vascular remodeling. Analysis of human lung-derived material suggests that GLI1 signaling is overactivated in both group 1 and group 3 pulmonary hypertension and can promote proliferation and myogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight GLI1+ cells as an alternative cellular source of VSMCs in pulmonary hypertension and suggest that these cells and the associated signaling pathways represent an important therapeutic target for further studies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Zinc Finger Protein GLI1/metabolism
- Zinc Finger Protein GLI1/genetics
- Mice
- Vascular Remodeling
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Male
- Humans
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Hypoxia/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuran Chu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health) (X.C., S.B.), Wenzhou Medical University, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.C., X.L.), Wenzhou Medical University, China
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Vahid Kheirollahi
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Arun Lingampally
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control (A.L., A.I.V.-A., A.K., M.H., I.A., S. Herold, E.E.A.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Prakash Chelladurai
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Chanil Valasarajan
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control (A.L., A.I.V.-A., A.K., M.H., I.A., S. Herold, E.E.A.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Stefan Hadzic
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Ali Khadim
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control (A.L., A.I.V.-A., A.K., M.H., I.A., S. Herold, E.E.A.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Oleg Pak
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefano Rivetti
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Marek Bartkuhn
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Slaven Crnkovic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Medical University Graz, Austria (S.C., G.K.)
| | - Alena Moiseenko
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Monika Heiner
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control (A.L., A.I.V.-A., A.K., M.H., I.A., S. Herold, E.E.A.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Kraut
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Janine Koepke
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Guilherme Valente
- Max Planck Institute for Lung and Heart, Bad Nauheim, Germany (G.V., T.B., M.L., W.S.)
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Max Planck Institute for Lung and Heart, Bad Nauheim, Germany (G.V., T.B., M.L., W.S.)
| | - Christos Samakovlis
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Ioannis Alexopoulos
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control (A.L., A.I.V.-A., A.K., M.H., I.A., S. Herold, E.E.A.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Mario Looso
- Max Planck Institute for Lung and Heart, Bad Nauheim, Germany (G.V., T.B., M.L., W.S.)
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS University Medical Center, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany (C.-M.C.)
| | - Susanne Herold
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control (A.L., A.I.V.-A., A.K., M.H., I.A., S. Herold, E.E.A.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Werner Seeger
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
- Max Planck Institute for Lung and Heart, Bad Nauheim, Germany (G.V., T.B., M.L., W.S.)
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Medical University Graz, Austria (S.C., G.K.)
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China (X.H., J.-S.Z.)
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China (X.H., J.-S.Z.)
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.C., X.L.), Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Elie El Agha
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control (A.L., A.I.V.-A., A.K., M.H., I.A., S. Herold, E.E.A.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health) (X.C., S.B.), Wenzhou Medical University, China
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (X.C., V.K., A.L., P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., S. Hadzic, A.K., O.P., S.R., J.W., M.B., A.M., M.H., S.K., L.S., J.K., C.R., C.S., I.A., C.-M.C., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., N.W., E.E.A., S.B.), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health, Giessen, Germany (P.C., C.V., A.I.V.-A., A.K., J.W., M.B., J.K., C.S., I.A., S. Herold, W.S., G.K., S.S.P., E.E.A., S.B.)
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13
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Chen S, Liang B, Xu J. Unveiling heterogeneity in MSCs: exploring marker-based strategies for defining MSC subpopulations. J Transl Med 2024; 22:459. [PMID: 38750573 PMCID: PMC11094970 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous cell population distributed throughout various tissues, demonstrating remarkable adaptability to microenvironmental cues and holding immense promise for disease treatment. However, the inherent diversity within MSCs often leads to variability in therapeutic outcomes, posing challenges for clinical applications. To address this heterogeneity, purification of MSC subpopulations through marker-based isolation has emerged as a promising approach to ensure consistent therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discussed the reported markers of MSCs, encompassing those developed through candidate marker strategies and high-throughput approaches, with the aim of explore viable strategies for addressing the heterogeneity of MSCs and illuminate prospective research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Liang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Fuqiang Avenue 1001, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Song L, Golman M, Abraham AC, Zelzer E, Thomopoulos S. A role for TGFβ signaling in Gli1+ tendon and enthesis cells. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23568. [PMID: 38522021 PMCID: PMC10962263 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301452r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of musculoskeletal tissues such as tendon, enthesis, and bone relies on proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells. Gli1+ cells have been described as putative stem cells in several tissues and are presumed to play critical roles in tissue formation and maintenance. For example, the enthesis, a fibrocartilage tissue that connects tendon to bone, is mineralized postnatally by a pool of Gli1+ progenitor cells. These cells are regulated by hedgehog signaling, but it is unclear if TGFβ signaling, necessary for tenogenesis, also plays a role in their behavior. To examine the role of TGFβ signaling in Gli1+ cell function, the receptor for TGFβ, TbR2, was deleted in Gli1-lineage cells in mice at P5. Decreased TGFβ signaling in these cells led to defects in tendon enthesis formation by P56, including defective bone morphometry underlying the enthesis and decreased mechanical properties. Immunohistochemical staining of these Gli1+ cells showed that loss of TGFβ signaling reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis. In vitro experiments using Gli1+ cells isolated from mouse tail tendons demonstrated that TGFβ controls cell proliferation and differentiation through canonical and non-canonical pathways and that TGFβ directly controls the tendon transcription factor scleraxis by binding to its distant enhancer. These results have implications in the development of treatments for tendon and enthesis pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY10032, USA
| | - Mikhail Golman
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027, USA
| | - Adam C. Abraham
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Elazar Zelzer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
| | - Stavros Thomopoulos
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY10032, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027, USA
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15
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Yang D, Jeong Y, Ortinau L, Solidum J, Park D. Mx1 -labeled pulp progenitor cells are main contributors to postnatal odontoblasts and pulp cells in murine molars. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.21.586156. [PMID: 38585950 PMCID: PMC10996506 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.21.586156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Regeneration of dentin and odontoblasts from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is essential for permanent tooth maintenance. However, the in vivo identity and role of endogenous DPSCs in reparative dentinogenesis are elusive. Here, using pulp single-cell analysis before and after molar eruption, we revealed that endogenous DPSCs are enriched in Cxcl12- GFP + coronal papilla-like cells with Mx1- Cre labeling. These Mx1 + Cxcl12- GFP + cells are long-term repopulating cells that contribute to the majority of pulp cells and new odontoblasts after eruption. Upon molar injury, Mx1 + DPSCs localize into the injury site and differentiate into new odontoblasts, forming scleraxis -GFP + and osteocalcin -GFP + dentinal tubules and reparative dentin. Single-cell and FACS analysis showed that Mx1 + Cxcl12- GFP + DPSCs are the most primitive cells with stem cell marker expression and odontoblast differentiation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Mx1 labels postnatal DSPCs, which are the main source of pulp cells and new odontoblasts with reparative dentinogenesis in vivo .
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16
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Wang C, Liu X, Zhou J, Zhang Q. The Role of Sensory Nerves in Dental Pulp Homeostasis: Histological Changes and Cellular Consequences after Sensory Denervation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1126. [PMID: 38256202 PMCID: PMC10815945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic maintenance is essential for pulp function. Disrupting pulp homeostasis may lead to pulp degeneration, such as fibrosis and calcifications. Sensory nerves constitute a crucial component of the dental pulp. However, the precise involvement of sensory nerves in pulp homeostasis remains uncertain. In this study, we observed the short-term and long-term histological changes in the dental pulp after inferior alveolar nerve transection. Additionally, we cultured primary dental pulp cells (DPCs) from the innervated and denervated groups and compared indicators of cellular senescence and cellular function. The results revealed that pulp fibrosis occurred at 2 w after the operation. Furthermore, the pulp area, as well as the height and width of the pulp cavity, showed accelerated reductions after sensory denervation. Notably, the pulp area at 16 w after the operation was comparable to that of 56 w old rats. Sensory denervation induced excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and increased predisposition to mineralization. Furthermore, sensory denervation promoted the senescence of DPCs. Denervated DPCs exhibited decelerated cell proliferation, arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, imbalance in the synthesis and degradation of ECM, and enhanced mineralization. These findings indicate that sensory nerves play an essential role in pulp homeostasis maintenance and dental pulp cell fate decisions, which may provide novel insights into the prevention of pulp degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, No.399 Yanchang Middle Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai 200072, China
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17
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Pei F, Ma L, Guo T, Zhang M, Jing J, Wen Q, Feng J, Lei J, He J, Janečková E, Ho TV, Chen JF, Chai Y. Sensory nerve regulates progenitor cells via FGF-SHH axis in tooth root morphogenesis. Development 2024; 151:dev202043. [PMID: 38108472 PMCID: PMC10820866 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Nerves play important roles in organ development and tissue homeostasis. Stem/progenitor cells differentiate into different cell lineages responsible for building the craniofacial organs. The mechanism by which nerves regulate stem/progenitor cell behavior in organ morphogenesis has not yet been comprehensively explored. Here, we use tooth root development in mouse as a model to investigate how sensory nerves regulate organogenesis. We show that sensory nerve fibers are enriched in the dental papilla at the initiation of tooth root development. Through single cell RNA-sequencing analysis of the trigeminal ganglion and developing molar, we reveal several signaling pathways that connect the sensory nerve with the developing molar, of which FGF signaling appears to be one of the important regulators. Fgfr2 is expressed in the progenitor cells during tooth root development. Loss of FGF signaling leads to shortened roots with compromised proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells. Furthermore, Hh signaling is impaired in Gli1-CreER;Fgfr2fl/fl mice. Modulation of Hh signaling rescues the tooth root defects in these mice. Collectively, our findings elucidate the nerve-progenitor crosstalk and reveal the molecular mechanism of the FGF-SHH signaling cascade during tooth root morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Li Ma
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Quan Wen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jie Lei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jinzhi He
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Eva Janečková
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Basabrain MS, Zhong J, Liu J, Zhang Y, Abdalla MM, Zhang C. Interactions of Neuronally Induced Stem Cells from Apical Papilla Spheres, Stems Cells from Apical Papilla, and Human Umbilical Vascular Endothelial Cells on Vasculogenesis and Neurogenesis. J Endod 2024; 50:64-73.e4. [PMID: 37866800 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stem cell-based dental pulp regeneration has been extensively studied, mainly focusing on exploiting dental stem cells' osteogenic and angiogenic potentials. Dental stem cells' neurogenic role is often overlooked. Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs), originating from the neural crest and capable of sphere formation, display potent neurogenic capacity. This study aimed to investigate the interactions of neuronally induced stem cells from apical papilla (iSCAP) spheres, SCAPs, and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) on vasculogenesis and neurogenesis. METHODS SCAPs were isolated and characterized using flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation assays. SCAP monolayer culture and spheres were neuronally induced by a small molecule neural induction medium, and the neural gene expression and neurite formation at days 0, 3, and 7 were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and using phase-contrast light and fluorescence microscopy. Direct coculture or pulp-on-chip was used to investigate iSCAP sphere interaction with SCAPs and HUVECs. RT-qPCR, fluorescence microscopy, and immunostaining with β-tubulin III, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and CD31 were used to study neural gene expression, neurite formation, and neurovascular cell interactions. RESULTS Neural induction medium with small molecules rapidly induced SCAP differentiation toward neural-like cells. Gene expression of Nestin, β-tubulin III, microtubule-associated protein 2, neuron-specific enolase, and NeuN was higher in iSCAP spheres than in iSCAPs. iSCAP spheres formed more and longer neurites compared with iSCAPs. iSCAP sphere, HUVEC, and SCAP direct coculture significantly enhanced vessel formation along with up-regulated VEGF (P < .001) and multiple neural markers, such as Nestin (P < .01), microtubule-associated protein 2 (P < .001), S100 (P < .001), and NG2 (P < .001). iSCAP spheres, SCAPs, and HUVECs cultured in a pulp-on-chip system promoted endothelial and neural cell migration toward each other and alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive and CD31-positive cells assembling for the vascular constitution. CONCLUSIONS iSCAP-formed spheres interact with SCAPs and HUVECs, promoting vasculogenesis and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Basabrain
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China; Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Junqing Liu
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Abdalla
- Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China; Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Medicine Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China.
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19
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Sun X, Lin Z, Xu N, Chen Y, Bian S, Zheng W. Identifying Dental Pulp Stem Cell as a Novel Therapeutic trategy for Digestive Diseases. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1293-1302. [PMID: 38018204 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x275737231120045815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified as potential therapeutics for various diseases. In contrast to other sources of MSCs, dental stem cells (DSCs) have received increased attention due to their high activity and easy accessibility. Among them, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) exhibit superior self-renewal, multipotency, immunomodulatory, and regenerative capacities. Following their inspiring performance in animal models and clinical trials, DPSCs show pharmacological potential in regenerative medicine. In this review, we have generalized the sources, heterogeneity, and biological characteristics of DPSCs, as well as compared them with other types of dental stem cells. In addition, we summarized the application of DPSCs in digestive diseases (such as liver, esophageal, and intestinal diseases), highlighting their regenerative and pharmacological potential based on the existing preclinical and clinical evidence. Specifically, DPSCs can be home to injured or inflamed tissues and exert repair and regeneration functions by facilitating immune regulation, anti-inflammation, and directional differentiation. Although DPSCs have a rosy prospect, future studies should handle the underlying drawbacks and pave the way for the identification of DPSCs as novel regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xieyin Sun
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Zhaoyi Lin
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Nuo Xu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yinqi Chen
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Saiyan Bian
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Research Institute of Stem Cells, Center of Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
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20
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Thai J, Fuller‐Jackson J, Ivanusic JJ. Using tissue clearing and light sheet fluorescence microscopy for the three-dimensional analysis of sensory and sympathetic nerve endings that innervate bone and dental tissue of mice. J Comp Neurol 2024; 532:e25582. [PMID: 38289188 PMCID: PMC10952626 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Bone and dental tissues are richly innervated by sensory and sympathetic neurons. However, the characterization of the morphology, molecular phenotype, and distribution of nerves that innervate hard tissue has so far mostly been limited to thin histological sections. This approach does not adequately capture dispersed neuronal projections due to the loss of important structural information during three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. In this study, we modified the immunolabeling-enabled imaging of solvent-cleared organs (iDISCO/iDISCO+) clearing protocol to image high-resolution neuronal structures in whole femurs and mandibles collected from perfused C57Bl/6 mice. Axons and their nerve terminal endings were immunolabeled with antibodies directed against protein gene product 9.5 (pan-neuronal marker), calcitonin gene-related peptide (peptidergic nociceptor marker), or tyrosine hydroxylase (sympathetic neuron marker). Volume imaging was performed using light sheet fluorescence microscopy. We report high-quality immunolabeling of the axons and nerve terminal endings for both sensory and sympathetic neurons that innervate the mouse femur and mandible. Importantly, we are able to follow their projections through full 3D volumes, highlight how extensive their distribution is, and show regional differences in innervation patterns for different parts of each bone (and surrounding tissues). Mapping the distribution of sensory and sympathetic axons, and their nerve terminal endings, in different bony compartments may be important in further elucidating their roles in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Thai
- Department of Anatomy and PhysiologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Jason J. Ivanusic
- Department of Anatomy and PhysiologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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21
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Yang C, Gao Q, Xu N, Yang K, Bian Z. Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Are Subjected to Metabolic Reprogramming and Repressed Proliferation and Migration by the Sympathetic Nervous System via α1B-Adrenergic Receptor. J Endod 2023; 49:1641-1651.e6. [PMID: 37769871 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) reside in specialized microenvironments in the dental pulp, termed "niches," which are composed of diverse cellular components including nerves. Sensory nerves can positively regulate the expansion and differentiation of pulp cells, while the biological effects of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) on hDPSCs remain elusive. This study is devoted to investigating the effects and underlying mechanisms of the SNS on the proliferation and migration of hDPSCs. METHODS The distribution of sympathetic nerve fibers in human dental pulp was examined by immunofluorescence staining of tyrosine hydroxylase. The concentration of norepinephrine in healthy and carious human dental pulp tissues was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RNA-sequencing was applied to identify the dominant sympathetic neurotransmitter receptor in hDPSCs. Seahorse metabolic assay, adenosine triphosphate assay, lactate assay, and mitochondrial DNA copy number were performed to determine the level of glycometabolism. Transwell assay, wound healing assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining assay, cell cycle assay, and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay were conducted to analyze the migratory and proliferative capacities of hDPSCs. RESULTS Sprouting of sympathetic nerve fibers and an increased concentration of norepinephrine were observed in inflammatory pulp tissues. Sympathetic nerve fibers were mainly distributed along blood vessels, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-positive hDPSCs resided in close proximity to neurovascular bundles. ADRA1B was identified as the major sympathetic neurotransmitter receptor expressed in hDPSCs, and its expression was enhanced in inflammatory pulp tissues. In addition, the SNS inhibited the proliferation and migration of hDPSCs through metabolic reprogramming via ADRA1B and its crosstalk with serine-threonine kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the SNS can shift the metabolism of hDPSCs from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis via ADRA1B and its crosstalk with serine-threonine kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting the proliferative and migratory abilities of hDPSCs. This metabolic shift may facilitate the maintenance of the quiescent state of hDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcan Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Gao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nuo Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhuan Bian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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22
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Wu YC, Yu N, Rivas C, Mehrnia N, Kantarci A, Van Dyke T. RvE1 Promotes Axin2+ Cell Regeneration and Reduces Bacterial Invasion. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1478-1487. [PMID: 37837227 PMCID: PMC10767698 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231197156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vital pulp therapy and root canal therapy (RCT) are the dominant treatment for irreversible pulpitis. While the success rate of these procedures is favorable, they have some limitations. For instance, RCT leads to removing significant dentin in the coronal third of the tooth that increases root-fracture risk, which forces tooth removal. The ideal therapeutic goal is dental pulp regeneration, which is not achievable with RCT. Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) are well known for inflammatory resolution. The resolution of inflammation and tissue restoration or regeneration is a dynamic and continuous process. SPMs not only have potent immune-modulating functions but also effectively promote tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Resolvins have been shown to promote dental pulp regeneration. The purpose of this study was to explore further the cellular target of Resolvin E1 (RvE1) therapy in dental pulp regeneration and the impact of RvE1 in infected pulps. We investigated the actions of RvE1 on experimentally exposed pulps with or without microbial infection in an Axin2Cre-Dox;Ai14 genetically defined mouse model. Our results showed RvE1 promoted Axin2-tdTomato+ cell expansion and odontoblastic differentiation after direct pulp capping in the mouse, which we used to mimic reversible pulpitis cases in the clinic. In cultured mouse dental pulp stem cells (mDPSCs), RvE1 facilitated Axin2-tdTomato+ cell proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation and also rescued impaired functions after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. In infected pulps exposed to the oral environment for 24 h, RvE1 suppressed inflammatory infiltration, reduced bacterial invasion in root canals, and prevented the development of apical periodontitis, while its proregenerative impact was limited. Collectively, topical treatment with RvE1 facilitated dental pulp regenerative properties by promoting Axin2-expressing cell proliferation and differentiation. It also modulated the resolution of inflammation, reduced infection severity, and prevented apical periodontitis, presenting RvE1 as a novel therapeutic for treating endodontic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C. Wu
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - N. Yu
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C.A. Rivas
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N. Mehrnia
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A. Kantarci
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T.E. Van Dyke
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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23
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Xinling Z, Zhongyang S, Yujie C, Zhiyu L, Zhenmin Z, Hongyi Z. Coexpression analysis of angiogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and SHH pathway genes involved in skin expansion. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 750:109773. [PMID: 37944780 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin and soft tissue expansion is a widely used technique in plastic surgery. However, the regulatory mechanisms associated with cellular processes involved in skin expansion are not well elucidated. In the present study, we aimed at exploring the transcriptome changes associated with skin expansion and profiling the difference in gene expression between the skin tissue in the top of the dilator and the skin tissue in the side of the dilator. A mouse model of skin expansion was established and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on samples collected at different time points. Differential expression analysis was performed using the DESeq2 package while STEM was used for time series clustering profiling. The regulatory networks were established and the functions of sets of genes were analyzed. The mRNA expression levels of candidate genes were validated by the quantitative RT-PCR. Among the skin tissue in the top of the dilator and normal samples at days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28, 53 commonly upregulated and 7 commonly downregulated genes were identified while among the skin tissue in the side of the dilator and normal samples, 98 downregulated and 255 upregulated genes were identified. Genes differentially expressed among the skin tissue in the top of the dilator and normal samples were involved in coagulation and proliferation-associated pathways while those among the skin tissue in the side of the dilator and normal samples were involved in the inflammation, immune response, and defense response. Among the skin tissue in the top of the dilator and the skin tissue in the side of the dilator samples, 161 were constantly upregulated while 27 were constantly downregulated; these genes were enriched in the biological processes of cell adhesion and regulation of cell proliferation (n = 11). Furthermore, we identified that SHH signaling genes formed a coexpression regulatory network with cellular proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and angiogenesis-related genes in the expanded skin. In conclusion, our findings can promote research and understanding of the mechanism of skin expansion and will find application in plastic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Xinling
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China
| | - Sun Zhongyang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China
| | - Chen Yujie
- Plastic Surgery Department, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lin Zhiyu
- Plastic Surgery Department, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Zhao Zhenmin
- Plastic Surgery Department, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Zhao Hongyi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China.
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24
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Sundari Thooyamani A, Shahin E, Takano S, Sharir A, Hu JK. Using Ex Vivo Live Imaging to Investigate Cell Divisions and Movements During Mouse Dental Renewal. J Vis Exp 2023:10.3791/66020. [PMID: 37955380 PMCID: PMC10874233 DOI: 10.3791/66020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuously growing mouse incisor is emerging as a highly tractable model system to investigate the regulation of adult epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells and tooth regeneration. These progenitor populations actively divide, move, and differentiate to maintain tissue homeostasis and regenerate lost cells in a responsive manner. However, traditional analyses using fixed tissue sections could not capture the dynamic processes of cellular movements and interactions, limiting our ability to study their regulations. This paper describes a protocol to maintain whole mouse incisors in an explant culture system and live-track dental epithelial cells using multiphoton timelapse microscopy. This technique adds to our existing toolbox for dental research and allows investigators to acquire spatiotemporal information on cell behaviors and organizations in a living tissue. We anticipate that this methodology will help researchers further explore mechanisms that control the dynamic cellular processes taking place during both dental renewal and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elias Shahin
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Sanako Takano
- School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles
| | - Amnon Sharir
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem;
| | - Jimmy K Hu
- School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles;
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25
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Wu L, Liu Z, Xiao L, Ai M, Cao Y, Mao J, Song K. The Role of Gli1 + Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteogenesis of Craniofacial Bone. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1351. [PMID: 37759749 PMCID: PMC10526808 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is a transcriptional activator of hedgehog (Hh) signaling that regulates target gene expression and several cellular biological processes. Cell lineage tracing techniques have highlighted Gli1 as an ideal marker for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. Gli1+ MSCs are critical for the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone; however, the regulatory mechanism by which Gli1+ MSCs mediate the bone development and tissue regeneration of craniofacial bone has not been systematically outlined. This review comprehensively elucidates the specific roles of Gli1+ MSCs in craniofacial bone osteogenesis. In addition to governing craniofacial bone development, Gli1+ MSCs are associated with the tissue repair of craniofacial bone under pathological conditions. Gli1+ MSCs promote intramembranous and endochondral ossification of the craniofacial bones, and assist the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone by improving angiopoiesis. This review summarizes the novel role of Gli1+ MSCs in bone development and tissue repair in craniofacial bones, which offers new insights into bone regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laidi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mi Ai
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yingguang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
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26
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Xu J, Iyyanar PPR, Lan Y, Jiang R. Sonic hedgehog signaling in craniofacial development. Differentiation 2023; 133:60-76. [PMID: 37481904 PMCID: PMC10529669 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in SHH and several other genes encoding components of the Hedgehog signaling pathway have been associated with holoprosencephaly syndromes, with craniofacial anomalies ranging in severity from cyclopia to facial cleft to midfacial and mandibular hypoplasia. Studies in animal models have revealed that SHH signaling plays crucial roles at multiple stages of craniofacial morphogenesis, from cranial neural crest cell survival to growth and patterning of the facial primordia to organogenesis of the palate, mandible, tongue, tooth, and taste bud formation and homeostasis. This article provides a summary of the major findings in studies of the roles of SHH signaling in craniofacial development, with emphasis on recent advances in the understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating the SHH signaling pathway activity and those involving SHH signaling in the formation and patterning of craniofacial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Xu
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
| | - Paul P R Iyyanar
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Yu Lan
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Rulang Jiang
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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27
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Jing J, Wu Z, Wang J, Luo G, Lin H, Fan Y, Zhou C. Hedgehog signaling in tissue homeostasis, cancers, and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:315. [PMID: 37596267 PMCID: PMC10439210 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01559-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen significant advances in our understanding of Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway in various biological events. HH signaling pathway exerts its biological effects through a complex signaling cascade involved with primary cilium. HH signaling pathway has important functions in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. It plays a central role in the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells. Importantly, it has become increasingly clear that HH signaling pathway is associated with increased cancer prevalence, malignant progression, poor prognosis and even increased mortality. Understanding the integrative nature of HH signaling pathway has opened up the potential for new therapeutic targets for cancer. A variety of drugs have been developed, including small molecule inhibitors, natural compounds, and long non-coding RNA (LncRNA), some of which are approved for clinical use. This review outlines recent discoveries of HH signaling in tissue homeostasis and cancer and discusses how these advances are paving the way for the development of new biologically based therapies for cancer. Furthermore, we address status quo and limitations of targeted therapies of HH signaling pathway. Insights from this review will help readers understand the function of HH signaling in homeostasis and cancer, as well as opportunities and challenges of therapeutic targets for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guowen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hengyi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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28
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Yang D, Solidum JGN, Park D. Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Current in vivo Approaches to Study Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Pulp Injury and Regeneration. J Bone Metab 2023; 30:231-244. [PMID: 37718901 PMCID: PMC10509030 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2023.30.3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have garnered significant interest in dental research for their unique characteristics and potential in tooth development and regeneration. While there were many studies to define their stem cell-like characteristics and osteogenic differentiation functions that are considered ideal candidates for regenerating damaged dental pulp tissue, how endogenous DPSCs respond to dental pulp injury and supply new dentin-forming cells has not been extensively investigated in vivo. Here, we review the recent progress in identity, function, and regulation of endogenous DPSCs and their clinical potential for pulp injury and regeneration. In addition, we discuss current advances in new mouse models, imaging techniques, and its practical uses and limitations in the analysis of DPSCs in pulp injury and regeneration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Yang
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
| | - Jea Giezl Niedo Solidum
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila,
Philippines
| | - Dongsu Park
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,
USA
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29
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Yan J, Xiao H, Zhou X, Li Y, Zhao S, Zhao X, Liu Y, Liu M, Xue F, Zhang Q, Zhao W, Li L, Su Y, Zeng W. Engineered exosomes reprogram Gli1 + cells in vivo to prevent calcification of vascular grafts and autologous pathological vessels. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf7858. [PMID: 37478186 PMCID: PMC10361604 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf7858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Calcification of autologous pathological vessels and tissue engineering blood vessels (TEBVs) is a thorny problem in clinic. However, there is no effective and noninvasive treatment that is available against the calcification of TEBVs and autologous pathological vessels. Gli1+ cells are progenitors of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and can differentiate into osteoblast-like cells, leading to vascular calcification. Our results showed that the spatiotemporal distribution of Gli1+ cells in TEBVs was positively correlated with the degree of TEBV calcification. An anticalcification approach was designed consisting of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells delivering lncRNA-ANCR to construct the engineered exosome-Ancr/E7-EXO. The results showed that Ancr/E7-EXO effectively targeted Gli1+ cells, promoting rapid SMC reconstruction and markedly inhibiting Gli1+ cell differentiation into osteoblast-like cells. Moreover, Ancr/E7-EXO significantly inhibited vascular calcification caused by chronic kidney disease. Therefore, Ancr/E7-EXO reprogrammed Gli1+ cells to prevent calcification of vascular graft and autologous pathological vessel, providing unique insights for an effective anticalcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Haoran Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- Department of Anatomy, National and Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shanlan Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xingli Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Anatomy, National and Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fangchao Xue
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
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30
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Liu Q, Gao Y, He J. Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla (SCAPs): Past, Present, Prospects, and Challenges. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2047. [PMID: 37509686 PMCID: PMC10377451 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental diseases occurring on young permanent teeth usually lead to the premature arrest of tooth root development. Sustained tooth root elongation is necessary to achieve the goal of long-term preservation of affected teeth. To this end, stem cell-based regenerative endodontic treatment has been regarded as one of the most promising strategies for treating young permanent teeth with pulp and periapical infections. Endogenous stem cells residing in the apical papilla, named stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs), have been intensively investigated due to their critical roles in pulp regeneration and root redevelopment. The present review summarizes advances in the field of SCAPs studies and discusses the challenges that need to be further addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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31
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Xia SL, Ma ZY, Wang B, Gao F, Guo SY, Chen XH. Icariin promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with osteoporosis and T2DM by upregulating GLI-1. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:500. [PMID: 37454090 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from patients with osteoporosis (OP) is impaired and worsens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Icariin (ICA) is the major active flavonoid glucoside isolated from traditional Chinese herbal Epimedium pubescens, and confirmed able to improve bone mass of OP patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ICA on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone-derived MSCs (BMSCs) from patients with OP and T2DM and uncover the potential mechanism. METHODS BMSCs were treated with ICA, and proliferation and osteogenic potency were evaluated using the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and detection of osteogenic markers (ALP, RUNX2, SPP1, COL1A1, and mineralized nodules) was performed. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after ICA treatment and screen proliferation- and osteogenic differentiation-related processes. Gene gain and loss were performed to confirm the role of the key candidate gene. RESULTS ICA significantly promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. A total of 173 DEGs were identified after ICA treatment. Six DEGs (GLI-1, IGF2, BMP6, WNT5A, PTHLH, and MAPK14) enriched in both proliferation- and osteogenic differentiation-related processes were screened; GLI-1 had the highest validated |log2FC| value. Overexpression of GLI-1 enhanced the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and knockdown of GLI-1 weakened the positive effect of ICA on BMSCs. CONCLUSION ICA promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of impaired BMSCs by upregulating GLI-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Zi-Yuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Sheng-Yang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Xu-Han Chen
- Zhoupu Community Health Service Center, 163 Shenmei East Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201318, China.
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Gomez-Salazar MA, Wang Y, Thottappillil N, Hardy RW, Alexandre M, Höller F, Martin N, Gonzalez-Galofre ZN, Stefancova D, Medici D, James AW, Péault B. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, a Marker of Normal and Malignant Stem Cells, Typifies Mesenchymal Progenitors in Perivascular Niches. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:474-484. [PMID: 37261440 PMCID: PMC10651226 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate mesenchymal stem cells exhibiting multilineage differentiation and tissue (re)generative-or pathogenic-properties reside in perivascular niches. Subsets of these progenitors are committed to either osteo-, adipo-, or fibrogenesis, suggesting the existence of a developmental organization in blood vessel walls. We evaluated herein the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase, a family of enzymes catalyzing the oxidation of aldehydes into carboxylic acids and a reported biomarker of normal and malignant stem cells, within human adipose tissue perivascular areas. A progression of ALDHLow to ALDHHigh CD34+ cells was identified in the tunica adventitia. Mesenchymal stem cell potential was confined to ALDHHigh cells, as assessed by proliferation and multilineage differentiation in vitro of cells sorted by flow cytometry with a fluorescent ALDH substrate. RNA sequencing confirmed and validated that ALDHHigh cells have a progenitor cell phenotype and provided evidence that the main isoform in this fraction is ALDH1A1, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. This demonstrates that ALDH activity, which marks hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells in diverse malignant tumors, also typifies native, blood vessel resident mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Gomez-Salazar
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MB, USA
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MB, USA
| | | | - Reef W Hardy
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Manon Alexandre
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Polytech Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Fabian Höller
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Niall Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Zaniah N Gonzalez-Galofre
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dorota Stefancova
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniele Medici
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MB, USA
| | - Bruno Péault
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Sui BD, Zheng CX, Zhao WM, Xuan K, Li B, Jin Y. Mesenchymal condensation in tooth development and regeneration: a focus on translational aspects of organogenesis. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1899-1964. [PMID: 36656056 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00019.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The teeth are vertebrate-specific, highly specialized organs performing fundamental functions of mastication and speech, the maintenance of which is crucial for orofacial homeostasis and is further linked to systemic health and human psychosocial well-being. However, with limited ability for self-repair, the teeth can often be impaired by traumatic, inflammatory, and progressive insults, leading to high prevalence of tooth loss and defects worldwide. Regenerative medicine holds the promise to achieve physiological restoration of lost or damaged organs, and in particular an evolving framework of developmental engineering has pioneered functional tooth regeneration by harnessing the odontogenic program. As a key event of tooth morphogenesis, mesenchymal condensation dictates dental tissue formation and patterning through cellular self-organization and signaling interaction with the epithelium, which provides a representative to decipher organogenetic mechanisms and can be leveraged for regenerative purposes. In this review, we summarize how mesenchymal condensation spatiotemporally assembles from dental stem cells (DSCs) and sequentially mediates tooth development. We highlight condensation-mimetic engineering efforts and mechanisms based on ex vivo aggregation of DSCs, which have achieved functionally robust and physiologically relevant tooth regeneration after implantation in animals and in humans. The discussion of this aspect will add to the knowledge of development-inspired tissue engineering strategies and will offer benefits to propel clinical organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Dong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wan-Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Altrieth AL, O’Keefe KJ, Gellatly VA, Tavarez JR, Feminella SM, Moskwa NL, Cordi CV, Turrieta JC, Nelson DA, Larsen M. Identifying fibrogenic cells following salivary gland obstructive injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1190386. [PMID: 37287453 PMCID: PMC10242138 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1190386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis results from excess extracellular matrix accumulation, which alters normal tissue architecture and impedes function. In the salivary gland, fibrosis can be induced by irradiation treatment for cancer therapy, Sjögren's Disease, and other causes; however, it is unclear which stromal cells and signals participate in injury responses and disease progression. As hedgehog signaling has been implicated in fibrosis of the salivary gland and other organs, we examined contributions of the hedgehog effector, Gli1, to fibrotic responses in salivary glands. To experimentally induce a fibrotic response in female murine submandibular salivary glands, we performed ductal ligation surgery. We detected a progressive fibrotic response where both extracellular matrix accumulation and actively remodeled collagen significantly increased at 14 days post-ligation. Macrophages, which participate in extracellular matrix remodeling, and Gli1+ and PDGFRα+ stromal cells, which may deposit extracellular matrix, both increased with injury. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, Gli1 + cells were not found in discrete clusters at embryonic day 16 but were found in clusters expressing the stromal genes Pdgfra and/or Pdgfrb. In adult mice, Gli1+ cells were similarly heterogeneous but more cells co-expressed PDGFRα and PDGFRβ. Using Gli1-CreERT2; ROSA26tdTomato lineage-tracing mice, we found that Gli1-derived cells expand with ductal ligation injury. Although some of the Gli1 lineage-traced tdTomato+ cells expressed vimentin and PDGFRβ following injury, there was no increase in the classic myofibroblast marker, smooth muscle alpha-actin. Additionally, there was little change in extracellular matrix area, remodeled collagen area, PDGFRα, PDGFRβ, endothelial cells, neurons, or macrophages in Gli1 null salivary glands following injury when compared with controls, suggesting that Gli1 signaling and Gli1+ cells have only a minor contribution to mechanical injury-induced fibrotic changes in the salivary gland. We used scRNA-seq to examine cell populations that expand with ligation and/or showed increased expression of matrisome genes. Some Pdgfra + /Pdgfrb + stromal cell subpopulations expanded in response to ligation, with two stromal cell subpopulations showing increased expression of Col1a1 and a greater diversity of matrisome genes, consistent with these cells being fibrogenic. However, only a few cells in these subpopulations expressed Gli1, consistent with a minor contribution of these cells to extracellular matrix production. Defining the signaling pathways driving fibrotic responses in stromal cell sub-types could reveal future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L. Altrieth
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Kevin J. O’Keefe
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Victoria A. Gellatly
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Joey R. Tavarez
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Sage M. Feminella
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Nicholas L. Moskwa
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Carmalena V. Cordi
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Judy C. Turrieta
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Deirdre A. Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Melinda Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
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35
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Zhang X, Chen Y, Ding P, Lin Z, Sun Z, Jin M, Li C, Zhao Z, Bi H. The SHH-GLI1 pathway is required in skin expansion and angiogenesis. Exp Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 37190906 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of GLI1 on skin proliferation and neovascularization during skin expansion in mice. We constructed GLI1-cre/R26-Tdtomato and GLI1-cre/R26-mtmg gene-tagged skin expansion mouse models. Using a two-photon in vivo imaging instrument to observe the changes in the number and distribution of GLI1(+) cells during the expansion process and to clarify the spatial relationship between GLI1(+) cells and blood vessels during the expansion process. In vitro proliferation assays were performed to further validate the effects of SHH (sonic hedgehog) and its downstream component GLI1 on cell proliferation viability. Finally, qRT-PCR was used to verify the changes in proliferation, angiogenesis-related factors, SHH signalling pathway-related factors, and the role of GLI1 cells in the process of skin expansion in mice. The number of GLI1(+) cells increased during dilation and were attached to the outer membrane of the vessel. The epidermis was thickened and the dermis thinned after the dilated skin was taken, while the epidermal thickening was suppressed and the dermis became thinner after the GLI1 cells were inhibited. The non-inhibited group showed a significant increase in PCNA positivity with prolonged dilation compared to the GANT61(GLI specificity inhibitor) inhibited group; CD31 immunofluorescence showed a significant increase in the number of dilated skin vessels and a significant decrease in the number of vessels after treatment with GANT61 inhibitor. In vitro proliferation results showed that SHH signalling activator significantly increased the proliferation viability of GLI1(+) hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells, while GNAT61 significantly inhibited the proliferation viability of GLI1(+) hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells. GLI1 is necessary for proliferation and neovascularization in expansion skin of mice through activation of the SHH signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinling Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pengbing Ding
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixuan Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengying Jin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chong Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenmin Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongsen Bi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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36
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Wang C, Zhao B, Zhai J, Wang A, Cao N, Liao T, Su R, He L, Li Y, Pei X, Jia Y, Yue W. Clinical-grade human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells improved skeletal muscle dysfunction in age-associated sarcopenia mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:321. [PMID: 37173309 PMCID: PMC10182022 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
With the expansion of the aging population, age-associated sarcopenia (AAS) has become a severe clinical disease of the elderly and a key challenge for healthy aging. Regrettably, no approved therapies currently exist for treating AAS. In this study, clinical-grade human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were administrated to two classic mouse models (SAMP8 mice and D-galactose-induced aging mice), and their effects on skeletal muscle mass and function were investigated by behavioral tests, immunostaining, and western blotting. Core data results showed that hUC-MSCs significantly restored skeletal muscle strength and performance in both mouse models via mechanisms including raising the expression of crucial extracellular matrix proteins, activating satellite cells, enhancing autophagy, and impeding cellular aging. For the first time, the study comprehensively evaluates and demonstrates the preclinical efficacy of clinical-grade hUC-MSCs for AAS in two mouse models, which not only provides a novel model for AAS, but also highlights a promising strategy to improve and treat AAS and other age-associated muscle diseases. This study comprehensively evaluates the preclinical efficacy of clinical-grade hUC-MSCs in treating age-associated sarcopenia (AAS), and demonstrates that hUC-MSCs restore skeletal muscle strength and performance in two AAS mouse models via raising the expression of extracellular matrix proteins, activating satellite cells, enhancing autophagy, and impeding cellular aging, which highlights a promising strategy for AAS and other age-associated muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Bichun Zhao
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jinglei Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ailin Wang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ning Cao
- 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Tuling Liao
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ruyu Su
- South China Institute of Biomedicine, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Lijuan He
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- South China Institute of Biomedicine, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- South China Institute of Biomedicine, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Xuetao Pei
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
- South China Institute of Biomedicine, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Yali Jia
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
- South China Institute of Biomedicine, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Wen Yue
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
- South China Institute of Biomedicine, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
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Cancedda R, Mastrogiacomo M. Transit Amplifying Cells (TACs): a still not fully understood cell population. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1189225. [PMID: 37229487 PMCID: PMC10203484 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1189225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of tissue homeostasis and tissue regeneration after an insult are essential functions of adult stem cells (SCs). In adult tissues, SCs proliferate at a very slow rate within "stem cell niches", but, during tissue development and regeneration, before giving rise to differentiated cells, they give rise to multipotent and highly proliferative cells, known as transit-amplifying cells (TACs). Although differences exist in diverse tissues, TACs are not only a transitory phase from SCs to post-mitotic cells, but they also actively control proliferation and number of their ancestor SCs and proliferation and differentiation of their progeny toward tissue specific functional cells. Autocrine signals and negative and positive feedback and feedforward paracrine signals play a major role in these controls. In the present review we will consider the generation and the role played by TACs during development and regeneration of lining epithelia characterized by a high turnover including epidermis and hair follicles, ocular epithelial surfaces, and intestinal mucosa. A comparison between these different tissues will be made. There are some genes and molecular pathways whose expression and activation are common to most TACs regardless their tissue of origin. These include, among others, Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog and BMP pathways. However, the response to these molecular signals can vary in TACs of different tissues. Secondly, we will consider cultured cells derived from tissues of mesodermal origin and widely adopted for cell therapy treatments. These include mesenchymal stem cells and dedifferentiated chondrocytes. The possible correlation between cell dedifferentiation and reversion to a transit amplifying cell stage will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranieri Cancedda
- Emeritus Professor, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
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38
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Fujii S, Takebe H, Mizoguchi T, Nakamura H, Shimo T, Hosoya A. Bone formation ability of Gli1 + cells in the periodontal ligament after tooth extraction. Bone 2023; 173:116786. [PMID: 37164217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
During the process of socket healing after tooth extraction, osteoblasts appear in the tooth socket and form alveolar bone; however, the source of these osteoblasts is still uncertain. Recently, it has been demonstrated that cells expressing Gli1, a downstream factor of sonic hedgehog signaling, exhibit stem cell properties in the periodontal ligament (PDL). Therefore, in the present study, the differentiation ability of Gli1+-PDL cells after tooth extraction was analyzed using Gli1-CreERT2/ROSA26-loxP-stop-loxP-tdTomato (iGli1/Tomato) mice. After the final administration of tamoxifen to iGli1/Tomato mice, Gli1/Tomato+ cells were rarely detected in the PDL. One day after the tooth extraction, although inflammatory cells appeared in the tooth socket, Periostin+ PDL-like tissues having a few Gli1/Tomato+ cells remained near the alveolar bone. Three days after the extraction, the number of Gli1/Tomato+ cells increased as evidenced by numerous PCNA+ cells in the socket. Some of these Gli1/Tomato+ cells expressed BMP4 and Phosphorylated (P)-Smad1/5/8. After seven days, the Osteopontin+ bone matrix was formed in the tooth socket apart from the alveolar bone. Many Gli1/Tomato+ osteoblasts that were positive for Runx2+ were arranged on the surface of the newly formed bone matrix. In the absence of Gli1+-PDL cells in Gli1-CreERT2/Rosa26-loxP-stop-loxP-tdDTA (iGli1/DTA) mice, the amount of newly formed bone matrix was significantly reduced in the tooth socket. Therefore, these results collectively suggest that Gli1+-PDL cells differentiate into osteoblasts to form the bone matrix in the tooth socket; thus, this differentiation might be regulated, at least in part, by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Fujii
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan; Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takebe
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimo
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hosoya
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
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39
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Jiravejchakul N, Abe GL, Loza M, Park S, Matangkasombut P, Sasaki JI, Imazato S, Diez D, Standley DM. Intercellular crosstalk in adult dental pulp is mediated by heparin-binding growth factors Pleiotrophin and Midkine. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:184. [PMID: 37024794 PMCID: PMC10077760 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09265-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-depth knowledge of the cellular and molecular composition of dental pulp (DP) and the crosstalk between DP cells that drive tissue homeostasis are not well understood. To address these questions, we performed a comparative analysis of publicly available single-cell transcriptomes of healthy adult human DP to 5 other reference tissues: peripheral blood mononuclear cells, bone marrow, adipose tissue, lung, and skin. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that DP resident cells have a unique gene expression profile when compared to the reference tissues, and that DP fibroblasts are the main cell type contributing to this expression profile. Genes coding for pleiotrophin (PTN) and midkine (MDK), homologous heparin-binding growth-factors, possessed the highest differential expression levels in DP fibroblasts. In addition, we identified extensive crosstalk between DP fibroblasts and several other DP resident cells, including Schwann cells, mesenchymal stem cells and odontoblasts, mediated by PTN and MDK. CONCLUSIONS DP fibroblasts emerge as unappreciated players in DP homeostasis, mainly through their crosstalk with glial cells. These findings suggest that fibroblast-derived growth factors possess major regulatory functions and thus have a potential role as dental therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natnicha Jiravejchakul
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Gabriela L Abe
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Martin Loza
- Laboratory of Functional Analysis in silico, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108- 8639, Japan
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ponpan Matangkasombut
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jun-Ichi Sasaki
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Diego Diez
- Quantitative Immunology Research Unit, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daron M Standley
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
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40
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Li P, Ou Q, Shi S, Shao C. Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells/dental stem cells and their therapeutic applications. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:558-569. [PMID: 36973490 PMCID: PMC10040934 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00998-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are widely distributed in the body and play essential roles in tissue regeneration and homeostasis. MSCs can be isolated from discarded tissues, expanded in vitro and used as therapeutics for autoimmune diseases and other chronic disorders. MSCs promote tissue regeneration and homeostasis by primarily acting on immune cells. At least six different types of MSCs have been isolated from postnatal dental tissues and have remarkable immunomodulatory properties. Dental stem cells (DSCs) have been demonstrated to have therapeutic effects on several systemic inflammatory diseases. Conversely, MSCs derived from nondental tissues such as the umbilical cord exhibit great benefits in the management of periodontitis in preclinical studies. Here, we discuss the main therapeutic uses of MSCs/DSCs, their mechanisms, extrinsic inflammatory cues and the intrinsic metabolic circuitries that govern the immunomodulatory functions of MSCs/DSCs. Increased understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the immunomodulatory functions of MSCs/DSCs is expected to aid in the development of more potent and precise MSC/DSC-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Qianmin Ou
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Songtao Shi
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Changshun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
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41
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Liu H, Yue Y, Xu Z, Guo L, Wu C, Zhang D, Luo L, Huang W, Chen H, Yang D. mTORC1 signaling pathway regulates tooth repair. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:14. [PMID: 36927863 PMCID: PMC10020452 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00218-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth germ injury can lead to abnormal tooth development and even tooth loss, affecting various aspects of the stomatognathic system including form, function, and appearance. However, the research about tooth germ injury model on cellular and molecule mechanism of tooth germ repair is still very limited. Therefore, it is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of tooth germ injury to study the important mechanism of tooth germ repair by a tooth germ injury model. Here, we constructed a Tg(dlx2b:Dendra2-NTR) transgenic line that labeled tooth germ specifically. Taking advantage of the NTR/Mtz system, the dlx2b+ tooth germ cells were depleted by Mtz effectively. The process of tooth germ repair was evaluated by antibody staining, in situ hybridization, EdU staining and alizarin red staining. The severely injured tooth germ was repaired in several days after Mtz treatment was stopped. In the early stage of tooth germ repair, the expression of phosphorylated 4E-BP1 was increased, indicating that mTORC1 is activated. Inhibition of mTORC1 signaling in vitro or knockdown of mTORC1 signaling in vivo could inhibit the repair of injured tooth germ. Normally, mouse incisors were repaired after damage, but inhibition/promotion of mTORC1 signaling inhibited/promoted this repair progress. Overall, we are the first to construct a stable and repeatable repair model of severe tooth germ injury, and our results reveal that mTORC1 signaling plays a crucial role during tooth germ repair, providing a potential target for clinical treatment of tooth germ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Yue
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyun Xu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Wu
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Da Zhang
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenming Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Deqin Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
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42
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Krivanek J, Buchtova M, Fried K, Adameyko I. Plasticity of Dental Cell Types in Development, Regeneration, and Evolution. J Dent Res 2023; 102:589-598. [PMID: 36919873 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231154800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have improved our understanding of the plasticity of cell types behind inducing, building, and maintaining different types of teeth. The latest efforts were aided by progress in single-cell transcriptomics, which helped to define not only cell states with mathematical precision but also transitions between them. This includes new aspects of dental epithelial and mesenchymal stem cell niches and beyond. These recent efforts revealed continuous and fluid trajectories connecting cell states during dental development and exposed the natural plasticity of tooth-building progenitors. Such "developmental" plasticity seems to be employed for organizing stem cell niches in adult continuously growing teeth. Furthermore, transitions between mature cell types elicited by trauma might represent a replay of embryonic continuous cell states. Alternatively, they could constitute transitions that evolved de novo, not known from the developmental paradigm. In this review, we discuss and exemplify how dental cell types exhibit plasticity during dynamic processes such as development, self-renewal, repair, and dental replacement. Hypothetically, minor plasticity of cell phenotypes and greater plasticity of transitions between cell subtypes might provide a better response to lifetime challenges, such as damage or dental loss. This plasticity might be additionally harnessed by the evolutionary process during the elaboration of dental cell subtypes in different animal lineages. In turn, the diversification of cell subtypes building teeth brings a diversity of their shape, structural properties, and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Krivanek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Buchtova
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - K Fried
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - I Adameyko
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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43
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Altrieth AL, O’Keefe KJ, Gellatly VA, Tavarez JR, Feminella SM, Moskwa NL, Cordi CV, Turrieta JC, Nelson DA, Larsen M. Identifying Fibrogenic Cells Following Salivary Gland Obstructive Injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.09.531751. [PMID: 36945483 PMCID: PMC10028956 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.09.531751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis results from excess extracellular matrix accumulation, which alters normal tissue architecture and impedes function. In the salivary gland, fibrosis can be induced by irradiation treatment for cancer therapy, Sjögren's Disease, and other causes; however, it is unclear which stromal cells and signals participate in injury responses and disease progression. As hedgehog signaling has been implicated in fibrosis of the salivary gland and other organs, we examined contributions of the hedgehog effector, Gli1, to fibrotic responses in salivary glands. To experimentally induce a fibrotic response in female murine submandibular salivary glands, we performed ductal ligation surgery. We detected a progressive fibrotic response where both extracellular matrix accumulation and actively remodeled collagen trended upwards at 7 days and significantly increased at 14 days post- ligation. Macrophages, which participate in extracellular matrix remodeling, Gli1 + and PDGFRα + stromal cells, which may deposit extracellular matrix, both increased with injury. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we found that a majority of Gli1 + cells at embryonic day 16 also express Pdgfra and/or Pdgfrb. However, in adult mice, only a small subset of Gli1 + cells express PDGFRα and/or PDGFRβ at the protein level. Using lineage-tracing mice, we found that Gli1-derived cells expand with ductal ligation injury. Although some of the Gli1 lineage-traced tdTomato + cells expressed vimentin and PDGFRβ following injury, there was no increase in the classic myofibroblast marker, smooth muscle alpha-actin. Additionally, there was little change in extracellular matrix area, remodeled collagen area, PDGFRα, PDGFRβ, endothelial cells, neurons, or macrophages in Gli1 null salivary glands following injury when compared with controls, suggesting that Gli1 signaling and Gli1 + cells have only a minor contribution to mechanical injury-induced fibrotic changes in the salivary gland. We used scRNA-seq to examine cell populations that expand with ligation and/or showed increased expression of matrisome genes. Pdgfra + /Pdgfrb + stromal cell subpopulations both expanded in response to ligation, showed increased expression and a greater diversity of matrisome genes expressed, consistent with these cells being fibrogenic. Defining the signaling pathways driving fibrotic responses in stromal cell sub-types could reveal future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L. Altrieth
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental, and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Kevin J. O’Keefe
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental, and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Current Location: Carl Zeiss Microscopy, LLC, White Plains, New York, USA
| | - Victoria A. Gellatly
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental, and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Joey R. Tavarez
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental, and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Sage M. Feminella
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Current Location: Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Moskwa
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental, and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Current Location: The Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carmalena V. Cordi
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Current Location: Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Judy C. Turrieta
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Deirdre A. Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Melinda Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, Developmental, and Neural Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
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44
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Klf4 haploinsufficiency in Sp7+ lineage leads to underdeveloped mandibles and insufficient elongation of mandibular incisor. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166636. [PMID: 36584722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mandible is an important component of the craniofacial bones, whose development is regulated by complex molecular networks and involves the well-coordinated development of the bone, cartilage, and teeth. Previously, we demonstrated that Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) promoted dentinogenesis and osteogenesis, but it was enigmatic whether Klf4 participated in the development of the mandible. In this study, the Sp7-Cre; Klf4f/+ mice exhibited underdeveloped mandibles and insufficient elongation of the mandibular incisor when compared with Klf4f/+ and Sp7-Cre mice. Moreover, morphological and molecular analysis showed that the alveolar bone mass was significantly decreased in KLF4 deficient mice, accompanied by reduced expression of osteoblast-related genes. Meanwhile, the KLF4 deficient mice had decreased expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and no significant change of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the alveolar bone near the mandibular incisor. Simultaneously, the osteoclastogenesis in the alveolar bone of KLF4 deficient mice was attenuated, which was demonstrated by a diminished number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive (TRAP+), matrix metallopeptidase 9 positive (MMP9+), and cathepsin K positive (CTSK+) multinucleated osteoclasts, respectively. Collectively, our study suggested that Klf4 participated in mandibular development, and Klf4 in Sp7+ lineage affected osteogenesis directly and osteoclastogenesis indirectly.
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45
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Wang N, Gao Y, Ren H, He L, Zhao Y. Histological analysis for pulp mineralisation after severe intrusive luxation of immature molars in rats. Dent Traumatol 2023. [PMID: 36807827 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Pulp mineralisation is a survival process that may occur in the pulp of immature teeth following trauma. However, the mechanism of this process remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological manifestations of pulp mineralisation after intrusion in immature molars of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to intrusive luxation of the right maxillary second molar by an impact force from a striking instrument through a metal force transfer rod. The left maxillary second molar of each rat was used as a control. The control and injured maxillae were collected at 3, 7, 10, 14, and 30 days after trauma (n = 15 per time group) and evaluated using haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Independent two-tailed Student's t-test was used for statistical comparison of the immunoreactive area. RESULTS Pulp atrophy and mineralisation were observed in 30%-40% of the animals, and no pulp necrosis occurred. Ten days after trauma, pulp mineralisation, with osteoid tissue rather than reparative dentin, formed around the newly vascularised areas in the coronal pulp. CD90-immunoreactive cells were observed in the sub-odontoblastic multicellular layer in control molars, whereas the number of these cells was decreased in the traumatised teeth. CD105 localised in cells around the pulp osteoid tissue of the traumatised teeth, whereas in control teeth, it was only expressed in the vascular endothelial cells of capillaries in the odontoblastic or sub-odontoblastic layers. In specimens with pulp atrophy at 3-10 days after trauma, hypoxia inducible factor expression and CD11b-immunoreactive inflammatory cells increased. CONCLUSIONS Following intrusive luxation of immature teeth without crown fractures in rats, no pulp necrosis occurred. Instead, pulp atrophy and osteogenesis around neovascularisation with activated CD105-immunoreactive cells were observed in the coronal pulp microenvironment characterised by hypoxia and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yike Gao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Ren
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Linhai He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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46
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Bi R, Luo X, Li Q, Li P, Li H, Fan Y, Ying B, Zhu S. Igf1 Regulates Fibrocartilage Stem Cells, Cartilage Growth, and Homeostasis in the Temporomandibular Joint of Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:556-567. [PMID: 36722289 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) growth requires orchestrated interactions between various cell types. Recent studies revealed that fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs) in the TMJ cartilage play critical roles as cell resources for joint development and repair. However, the detailed molecular network that influences FCSC fate during TMJ cartilage development remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigate the functional role of Igf1 in FCSCs for TMJ cartilage growth and homeostasis by lineage tracing using Gli1-CreER+ ; Tmflfl mice and conditional Igf1 deletion using Gli1-/Col2-CreER+ ; Igf1fl/fl mice. In Gli1-CreER+ ; Tmflfl mice, red fluorescence+ (RFP+ ) FCSCs show a favorable proliferative capacity. Igf1 deletion in Gli1+ /Col2+ cell lineages leads to distinct pathological changes in TMJ cartilage. More serious cartilage thickness and cell density reductions are found in the superficial layers in Gli1-CreER+ ; Igf1fl/fl mice. After long-term Igf1 deletion, a severe disordered cell arrangement is found in both groups. When Igf1 is conditionally deleted in vivo, the red fluorescent protein-labeled Gli1+ FCSC shows a significant disruption of chondrogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis leading to TMJ cartilage disarrangement and subchondral bone loss. Immunostaining shows that pAkt signaling is blocked in all cartilage layers after the Gli1+ -specific deletion of Igf1. In vitro, Igf1 deletion disrupts FCSC capacities, including proliferation and chondrogenesis. Moreover, the deletion of Igf1 in FCSCs significantly aggravates the joint osteoarthritis phenotype in the unilateral anterior crossbite mouse model, characterized by decreased cartilage thickness and cell numbers as well as a loss of extracellular matrix secretions. These findings uncover Igf1 as a regulator of TMJ cartilage growth and repair. The deletion of Igf1 disrupts the progenitor capacity of FCSCs, leading to a disordered cell distribution and exaggerating TMJ cartilage dysfunction. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiye Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haohan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binbin Ying
- Department of Stomatology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Songsong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Pei F, Ma L, Jing J, Feng J, Yuan Y, Guo T, Han X, Ho TV, Lei J, He J, Zhang M, Chen JF, Chai Y. Sensory nerve niche regulates mesenchymal stem cell homeostasis via FGF/mTOR/autophagy axis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:344. [PMID: 36670126 PMCID: PMC9859800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in microenvironments, referred to as niches, which provide structural support and molecular signals. Sensory nerves are niche components in the homeostasis of tissues such as skin, bone marrow and hematopoietic system. However, how the sensory nerve affects the behavior of MSCs remains largely unknown. Here we show that the sensory nerve is vital for mesenchymal tissue homeostasis and maintenance of MSCs in the continuously growing adult mouse incisor. Loss of sensory innervation leads to mesenchymal disorder and a decrease in MSCs. Mechanistically, FGF1 from the sensory nerve directly acts on MSCs by binding to FGFR1 and activates the mTOR/autophagy axis to sustain MSCs. Modulation of mTOR/autophagy restores the MSCs and rescues the mesenchymal tissue disorder of Fgfr1 mutant mice. Collectively, our study provides insights into the role of sensory nerves in the regulation of MSC homeostasis and the mechanism governing it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ma
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xia Han
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jie Lei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jinzhi He
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Shi C, Zhang K, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Xu H, Wei W. Correlation between stem cell molecular phenotype and atherosclerotic plaque neointima formation and analysis of stem cell signal pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1080563. [PMID: 36711040 PMCID: PMC9877345 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1080563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular stem cells exist in the three-layer structure of blood vessel walls and play an indispensable role in angiogenesis under physiological conditions and vascular remodeling under pathological conditions. Vascular stem cells are mostly quiescent, but can be activated in response to injury and participate in endothelial repair and neointima formation. Extensive studies have demonstrated the differentiation potential of stem/progenitor cells to repair endothelium and participate in neointima formation during vascular remodeling. The stem cell population has markers on the surface of the cells that can be used to identify this cell population. The main positive markers include Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca1), Sry-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10). Stromal cell antigen 1 (Stro-1) and Stem cell growth factor receptor kit (c-kit) are still controversial. Different parts of the vessel have different stem cell populations and multiple markers. In this review, we trace the role of vascular stem/progenitor cells in the progression of atherosclerosis and neointima formation, focusing on the expression of stem cell molecular markers that occur during neointima formation and vascular repair, as well as the molecular phenotypic changes that occur during differentiation of different stem cell types. To explore the correlation between stem cell molecular markers and atherosclerotic diseases and neointima formation, summarize the differential changes of molecular phenotype during the differentiation of stem cells into smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, and further analyze the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of stem cells expressing different positive markers participating in intima formation and vascular repair. Summarizing the limitations of stem cells in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases and the pressing issues that need to be addressed, we provide a feasible scheme for studying the signaling pathways of vascular stem cells involved in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Shi
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kefan Zhang
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haozhe Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Division of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Wei Wei,
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Ouchi T, Orsini G, Kajiya M, George A. Editorial: Stem cells in oral cavity: from development to regeneration, Volume II. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1207744. [PMID: 37187614 PMCID: PMC10175762 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1207744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takehito Ouchi
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Takehito Ouchi, ; Giovanna Orsini, ; Mikihito Kajiya, ; Anne George,
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Takehito Ouchi, ; Giovanna Orsini, ; Mikihito Kajiya, ; Anne George,
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
- *Correspondence: Takehito Ouchi, ; Giovanna Orsini, ; Mikihito Kajiya, ; Anne George,
| | - Anne George
- Brodie Tooth Development Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Takehito Ouchi, ; Giovanna Orsini, ; Mikihito Kajiya, ; Anne George,
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Seki Y, Takebe H, Mizoguchi T, Nakamura H, Iijima M, Irie K, Hosoya A. Differentiation ability of Gli1 + cells during orthodontic tooth movement. Bone 2023; 166:116609. [PMID: 36371039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) induces bone formation on the alveolar bone of the tension side; however, the mechanism of osteoblast differentiation is not fully understood. Gli1 is an essential transcription factor for hedgehog signaling and functions in undifferentiated cells during embryogenesis. In this study, we examined the differentiation of Gli1+ cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL) during OTM using a lineage-tracing analysis. After the final administration of tamoxifen for 2 days to 8-week-old Gli1-CreERT2/ROSA26-loxP-stop-loxP-tdTomato (iGli1/Tomato) mice, Gli1/Tomato+ cells were rarely observed near endomucin+ blood vessels in the PDL. Osteoblasts lining the alveolar bone did not exhibit Gli1/Tomato fluorescence. To move the first molar of iGli1/Tomato mice medially, nickel-titanium closed-coil springs were attached between the upper anterior alveolar bone and the first molar. Two days after OTM initiation, the number of Gli1/Tomato+ cells increased along with numerous PCNA+ cells in the PDL of the tension side. As some Gli1/Tomato+ cells exhibited positive expression of osterix, an osteoblast differentiation marker, Gli1+ cells probably differentiated into osteoblast progenitor cells. On day 10, the newly formed bone labeled by calcein administration during OTM was detected on the surface of the original alveolar bone of the tension side. Gli1/Tomato+ cells expressing osterix localized to the surface of the newly formed bone. In contrast, in the PDL of the compression side, Gli1/Tomato+ cells proliferated before day 10 and expressed type I collagen, suggesting that the Gli1+ cells also differentiated into fibroblasts. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Gli1+ cells in the PDL can differentiate into osteoblasts at the tension side and may function in bone remodeling as well as fibril formation in the PDL during OTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Seki
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan; Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takebe
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iijima
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Irie
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hosoya
- Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan.
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