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Oliver Goral R, Lamb PW, Yakel JL. Acetylcholine Neurons Become Cholinergic during Three Time Windows in the Developing Mouse Brain. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0542-23.2024. [PMID: 38942474 PMCID: PMC11253243 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0542-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) neurons in the central nervous system are required for the coordination of neural network activity during higher brain functions, such as attention, learning, and memory, as well as locomotion. Disturbed cholinergic signaling has been described in many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, cotransmission of other signaling molecules, such as glutamate and GABA, with ACh has been associated with essential roles in brain function or disease. However, it is unknown when ACh neurons become cholinergic during development. Thus, understanding the timeline of how the cholinergic system develops and becomes active in the healthy brain is a crucial part of understanding brain development. To study this, we used transgenic mice to selectively label ACh neurons with tdTomato. We imaged serial sectioned brains and generated whole-brain reconstructions at different time points during pre- and postnatal development. We found three crucial time windows-two in the prenatal and one in the postnatal brain-during which most ACh neuron populations become cholinergic in the brain. We also found that cholinergic gene expression is initiated in cortical ACh interneurons, while the cerebral cortex is innervated by cholinergic projection neurons from the basal forebrain. Taken together, we show that ACh neuron populations are present and become cholinergic before postnatal day 12, which is the onset of major sensory processes, such as hearing and vision. We conclude that the birth of ACh neurons and initiation of cholinergic gene expression are temporally separated during development but highly coordinated by brain anatomical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Oliver Goral
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
- Center on Compulsive Behaviors, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Patricia W Lamb
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Jerrel L Yakel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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2
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Azim S, Zubair H, Rousselle T, McDaniels JM, Shetty AC, Kuscu C, Kuscu C, Talwar M, Eason JD, Maluf DG, Mas VR. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals peripheral blood mononuclear immune cell landscape associated with operational tolerance in a kidney transplant recipient. Am J Transplant 2023; 23:1434-1445. [PMID: 37201755 PMCID: PMC10527369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2023.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Operational tolerance (OT) after kidney transplantation is defined as stable graft acceptance without the need for immunosuppression therapy. However, it is not clear which cellular and molecular pathways are driving tolerance in these patients. In this first-of-its-kind pilot study, we assessed the immune landscape associated with OT using single-cell analyses. Peripheral mononuclear cells from a kidney transplant recipient with OT (Tol), 2 healthy individuals (HC), and a kidney transplant recipient with normal kidney function on standard-of-care immunosuppression (SOC) were evaluated. The immune landscape of the Tol was drastically different from that of SOC and emerged closer to the profile of HC. TCL1A+ naive B cells and LSGAL1+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were in higher proportions in Tol. We were unable to identify the Treg subcluster in SOC. The ligand-receptor analysis in HC and Tol identified interactions between B cells, and Tregs that enhance the proliferation and suppressive function of Tregs. SOC reported the highest proportion of activated B cells with more cells in the G2M phase. Our single-cell RNA sequencing study identified the mediators of tolerance; however, it emphasizes the requirement of similar investigations on a larger cohort to reaffirm the role of immune cells in tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafquat Azim
- Surgical Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Haseeb Zubair
- Surgical Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Rousselle
- Surgical Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer M McDaniels
- Surgical Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amol C Shetty
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cem Kuscu
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Research Institute, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Canan Kuscu
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Research Institute, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Manish Talwar
- James D. Eason Transplant Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - James D Eason
- James D. Eason Transplant Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniel G Maluf
- Program in Transplantation, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Valeria R Mas
- Surgical Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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3
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Ducreux B, Barberet J, Guilleman M, Pérez-Palacios R, Teissandier A, Bourc’his D, Fauque P. Assessing the influence of distinct culture media on human pre-implantation development using single-embryo transcriptomics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1155634. [PMID: 37435029 PMCID: PMC10330962 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1155634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of assisted reproductive technologies is consistently rising across the world. However, making an informed choice on which embryo culture medium should be preferred to ensure satisfactory pregnancy rates and the health of future children critically lacks scientific background. In particular, embryos within their first days of development are highly sensitive to their micro-environment, and it is unknown how their transcriptome adapts to different embryo culture compositions. Here, we determined the impact of culture media composition on gene expression in human pre-implantation embryos. By employing single-embryo RNA-sequencing after 2 or 5 days of the post-fertilization culture in different commercially available media (Ferticult, Global, and SSM), we revealed medium-specific differences in gene expression changes. Embryos cultured pre-compaction until day 2 in Ferticult or Global media notably displayed 266 differentially expressed genes, which were related to essential developmental pathways. Herein, 19 of them could have a key role in early development, based on their previously described dynamic expression changes across development. When embryos were cultured after day 2 in the same media considered more suitable because of its amino acid enrichment, 18 differentially expressed genes thought to be involved in the transition from early to later embryonic stages were identified. Overall, the differences were reduced at the blastocyst stage, highlighting the ability of embryos conceived in a suboptimal in vitro culture medium to mitigate the transcriptomic profile acquired under different pre-compaction environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Ducreux
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté—Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Julie Barberet
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté—Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
- CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction—CECOS, Dijon, France
| | - Magali Guilleman
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté—Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
- CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction—CECOS, Dijon, France
| | - Raquel Pérez-Palacios
- Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - Patricia Fauque
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté—Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
- CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction—CECOS, Dijon, France
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4
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Mears MJ, Hookfin HL, Bandaru P, Vidal P, Stanford KI, Wold LE. Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Cardiovascular/Cardiometabolic Health. Circ Res 2023; 132:1168-1180. [PMID: 37104558 PMCID: PMC10154046 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.321565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems, specifically electronic cigarettes (e-cig), has risen dramatically within the last few years; the demographic purchasing these devices is now predominantly adolescents that are not trying to quit the use of traditional combustible cigarettes, but rather are new users. The composition and appearance of these devices has changed since their first entry into the market in the late 2000s, but they remain composed of a battery and aerosol delivery system that is used to deliver breakdown products of propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin, flavorings, and potentially nicotine or other additives. Manufacturers have also adjusted the type of nicotine that is used within the liquid to make the inhalation more palatable for younger users, further affecting the number of youth who use these devices. Although the full spectrum of cardiovascular and cardiometabolic consequences of e-cig use is not fully appreciated, data is beginning to show that e-cigs can cause both short- and long-term issues on cardiac function, vascular integrity and cardiometabolic issues. This review will provide an overview of the cardiovascular, cardiometabolic, and vascular implications of the use of e-cigs, and the potential short- and long-term health effects. A robust understanding of these effects is important in order to inform policy makers on the dangers of e-cigs use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Mears
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Harrison L. Hookfin
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Priya Bandaru
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Pablo Vidal
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Kristin I. Stanford
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Loren E. Wold
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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5
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Souza GS, Freitas IMM, Souza JC, Miraglia SM, Paccola CC. Transgenerational effects of maternal exposure to nicotine on structures of pituitary-gonadal axis of rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 468:116525. [PMID: 37076090 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Smoking can lead to several diseases and cause a reduction in fertility in men and women. Among the various components of cigarettes harmful during pregnancy, nicotine stands out. It can cause a reduction in placental blood flow, compromising the development of the baby with neurological, reproductive and endocrine consequences. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of nicotine on the pituitary-gonadal axis of rats exposed during pregnancy and breastfeeding (1st generation - F1), and whether the possible damage observed would reach the 2nd generation (F2). Pregnant Wistar rats received 2 mg/kg/day of nicotine throughout the entire gestation and lactation. Part of the offspring was evaluated on the first neonatal day (F1) for macroscopic, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of brain and gonads. Another part of the offspring was kept until 90 days-old for mating and obtainment of progenies that had the same parameters evaluated at the end of pregnancy (F2). The occurrence of malformations was more frequent and diversified in nicotine-exposed F2. Brain alterations, including reduced size and changes in cell proliferation and death, were seen in both generations of nicotine-exposed rats. Male and female gonads of F1 exposed rats were also affected. The F2 rats showed reduced cellular proliferation and increased cell death on the pituitary and ovaries, besides increased anogenital distance in females. The number of mast cells was not enough altered to indicate an inflammatory process in brain and gonads. We conclude that prenatal exposure to nicotine causes transgenerational alterations in the structures of pituitary-gonadal axis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Souza
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetic, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I M M Freitas
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetic, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J C Souza
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetic, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S M Miraglia
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetic, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C C Paccola
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetic, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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6
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Pereira F, Pereira A, Monteiro SM, Venâncio C, Félix L. Mitigation of nicotine-induced developmental effects by 24-epibrassinolide in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 266:109552. [PMID: 36682642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine is a highly addictive substance that can cause teratogenic impacts in the embryo through redox-dependent pathways. As antioxidants, naturally occurring chemicals can protect cells from redox imbalance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EPI), a natural brassinosteroid with well-known antioxidant properties, in protecting zebrafish embryos against nicotine's teratogenic effects. For 96 h, embryos (2 h post-fertilization - hpf) were exposed to 100 μM nicotine, co-exposed with 24-EPI (0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM), and 24-EPI alone (1 μM). Lethal and sublethal developmental characteristics were evaluated during exposure. Biochemical tests were performed at the conclusion of the exposure, and distinct behavioural paradigms were analysed 24 h later. Nicotine exposure resulted in a higher proportion of larvae with deformities, which were decreased following co-exposure to 24-EPI. Nicotine exposure also caused an increase in oxidative stress as observed by the increased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase accompanied by an increase in the malondialdehyde levels. Besides, metabolic changes were noticed as observed by the increased lactate dehydrogenase activity that were hypothesised to be associated to nicotine-induced hypoxia which may be responsible for the increased oxidative damage. In addition, locomotor deficits were observed as well as a decrease in the acetylcholinesterase activity denoting nicotine-induced cognitive dysfunction. However, co-exposure to 24-EPI alleviated behavioural deficits and improved nicotine-induced emotional states. Overall, and although further studies are required to clarify these effects, 24-EPI showed promising ameliorative properties against the teratogenic effects induced by nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Pereira
- Life Sciences and Environment School (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Adriana Pereira
- Life Sciences and Environment School (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sandra M Monteiro
- Life Sciences and Environment School (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal; Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Venâncio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal; Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Animal Science, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal; Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.
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7
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Chehimi SN, Crist RC, Reiner BC. Unraveling Psychiatric Disorders through Neural Single-Cell Transcriptomics Approaches. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030771. [PMID: 36981041 PMCID: PMC10047992 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptome technologies is enabling the unraveling of the molecular and cellular heterogeneity of psychiatric disorders. The complexity of the brain and the relationships between different brain regions can be better understood through the classification of individual cell populations based on their molecular markers and transcriptomic features. Analysis of these unique cell types can explain their involvement in the pathology of psychiatric disorders. Recent studies in both human and animal models have emphasized the importance of transcriptome analysis of neuronal cells in psychiatric disorders but also revealed critical roles for non-neuronal cells, such as oligodendrocytes and microglia. In this review, we update current findings on the brain transcriptome and explore molecular studies addressing transcriptomic alterations identified in human and animal models in depression and stress, neurodegenerative disorders (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease), schizophrenia, opioid use disorder, and alcohol and psychostimulant abuse. We also comment on potential future directions in single-cell and single-nucleus studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar N Chehimi
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard C Crist
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin C Reiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Branco MA, Nunes TC, Cabral JMS, Diogo MM. Developmental Toxicity Studies: The Path towards Humanized 3D Stem Cell-Based Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054857. [PMID: 36902285 PMCID: PMC10002991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, it is recognized that medicines will eventually be needed during pregnancy to help prevent to, ameliorate or treat an illness, either due to gestation-related medical conditions or pre-existing diseases. Adding to that, the rate of drug prescription to pregnant women has increased over the past few years, in accordance with the increasing trend to postpone childbirth to a later age. However, in spite of these trends, information regarding teratogenic risk in humans is often missing for most of the purchased drugs. So far, animal models have been the gold standard to obtain teratogenic data, but inter-species differences have limited the suitability of those models to predict human-specific outcomes, contributing to misidentified human teratogenicity. Therefore, the development of physiologically relevant in vitro humanized models can be the key to surpassing this limitation. In this context, this review describes the pathway towards the introduction of human pluripotent stem cell-derived models in developmental toxicity studies. Moreover, as an illustration of their relevance, a particular emphasis will be placed on those models that recapitulate two very important early developmental stages, namely gastrulation and cardiac specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A. Branco
- Collaborative Laboratory to Foster Translation and Drug Discovery, Accelbio, 3030-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago C. Nunes
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M. S. Cabral
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Margarida Diogo
- IBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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9
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Ohno Y, Taura D, Okamoto K, Fujita H, Honda-Kohmo K, Matsuo K, Sone M. Nicotine reduces ROS and enhances cell proliferation via the α4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit in human induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2023; 32:237-245. [PMID: 36860198 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of smoking on fetal development and stem cell differentiation are not fully understood. Although nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed in many organs of the human body, their significance in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) remains unclear. After expression levels of nAChR subunits in hiPSCs were determined, the effects of the nAChR agonist, nicotine, on undifferentiated hiPSCs were evaluated using a Clariom S Array. We also determined the effect of nicotine alone and with a nAChR subunit antagonist on hiPSC cells. NAChR α4, α7, and β4 subunits were strongly expressed in hiPSCs. cDNA microarray, gene ontology, and enrichment analyses showed that exposing hiPSCs to nicotine altered expression of genes associated with immune responses, neurological system, carcinogenesis, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Particularly affected was metallothionein, which acts to decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS). The nicotine-induced reduction of ROS in hiPSCs was canceled by an α4 subunit or nonselective nAChR antagonist. HiPSC proliferation was increased by nicotine, and this effect, too, was canceled by an α4 antagonist. In conclusion, nicotine reduces ROS and enhances cell proliferation via the α4 nAChR subunit in hiPSCs. These findings provide new insight into the significance of nAChRs on human stem cells and fertilized human ova.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youichi Ohno
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto, Japan;
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto, Japan;
| | - Kentaro Okamoto
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto, Japan;
| | - Haruka Fujita
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan;
| | - Kyoko Honda-Kohmo
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 13875, Division of Preventive Healthcare, Suita, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Koji Matsuo
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto, Japan;
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- St Marianna University School of Medicine, 12927, Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan;
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10
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Ku T, Ren Z, Yang R, Liu QS, Sang N, Faiola F, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Abnormal neural differentiation in response to graphene quantum dots through histone modification interference. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107572. [PMID: 36228552 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been broadly applied in biomedicine in recent years, and their environmental exposure and toxicological impacts have raised increasing concerns. The nanosafety assessment on the nervous system is one of the most important aspects, and potential effects of GQDs on neurodevelopment and the underlying mechanism are still elusive. In this study, the neural developmental toxicities of OH-GQDs and NH2-GQDs were investigated using the mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). The results revealed that OH-GQDs significantly inhibited the ectoderm development, and reduced the neural precursor formation and neurogenesis during the neural differentiation of the mESCs. The exploration on the mechanism uncovered that the increased enrichment of H3K27me3 at the promoter region of the Smad6 gene was involved in histone modification-activated BMP signal pathway, which consequently influenced its regulatory effects on neural differentiation. Additionally, OH-GQDs elicited a stronger effect on inducing the imbalance of histone modification, and resulted in higher latency of neural differentiation disturbance than did NH2-GQDs, suggesting surface functionalization-specific effects of GQDs on neurodevelopmental toxicity. This study would provide new insights in not only the adverse effects of GQDs on neurodevelopment, but also the influence from the chemical modification of GQDs on their bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ku
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Chandy M, Obal D, Wu JC. Elucidating effects of environmental exposure using human‐induced pluripotent stem cell disease modeling. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e13260. [PMID: 36285490 PMCID: PMC9641419 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a powerful modeling system for medical discovery and translational research. To date, most studies have focused on the potential for iPSCs for regenerative medicine, drug discovery, and disease modeling. However, iPSCs are also a powerful modeling system to investigate the effects of environmental exposure on the cardiovascular system. With the emergence of e‐cigarettes, air pollution, marijuana use, opioids, and microplastics as novel cardiovascular risk factors, iPSCs have the potential for elucidating the effects of these toxins on the body using conventional two‐dimensional (2D) arrays and more advanced tissue engineering approaches with organoid and other three‐dimensional (3D) models. The effects of these environmental factors may be enhanced by genetic polymorphisms that make some individuals more susceptible to the effects of toxins. iPSC disease modeling may reveal important gene–environment interactions that exacerbate cardiovascular disease and predispose some individuals to adverse outcomes. Thus, iPSCs and gene‐editing techniques could play a pivotal role in elucidating the mechanisms of gene–environment interactions and understanding individual variability in susceptibility to environmental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Chandy
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
- Department of Medicine Western University London ON Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Western University London ON Canada
| | - Detlef Obal
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
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12
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Liu Y, Chen L, Yu J, Ye L, Hu H, Wang J, Wu B. Advances in Single-Cell Toxicogenomics in Environmental Toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11132-11145. [PMID: 35881918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity evaluation system of environmental pollutants has undergone numerous changes due to the application of new technologies. Single-cell toxicogenomics is rapidly changing our view on environmental toxicology by increasing the resolution of our analysis to the level of a single cell. Applications of this technology in environmental toxicology have begun to emerge and are rapidly expanding the portfolio of existing technologies and applications. Here, we first summarized different methods involved in single-cell isolation and amplification in single-cell sequencing process, compared the advantages and disadvantages of different methods, and analyzed their development trends. Then, we reviewed the main advances of single-cell toxicogenomics in environmental toxicology, emphatically analyzed the application prospects of this technology in identifying the target cells of pollutants in early embryos, clarifying the heterogeneous response of cell subtypes to pollutants, and finding pathogenic bacteria in unknown microbes, and highlighted the unique characteristics of this approach with high resolution, high throughput, and high specificity by examples. We also offered a prediction of the further application of this technology and the revolution it brings in environmental toxicology. Overall, these advances will provide practical solutions for controlling or mitigating exogenous toxicological effects that threaten human and ecosystem health, contribute to improving our understanding of the physiological processes affected by pollutants, and lead to the emergence of new methods of pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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13
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Identification of Human Retinal Organoid Cell Differentiation-Related Genes via Single-Cell Sequencing Data Analysis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9717599. [PMID: 35979045 PMCID: PMC9377943 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9717599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To study the development process of the human retina, we analyzed the development track of main cell types and transitional cell populations, identifying the retinal organoid cell differentiation-related genes (RDRGs). Methods. Single-cell RNA sequencing data (scRNA-Seq) of human retinal organoids were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database in this study. Data were processed with quality analysis and analysis of variance. Principal component analysis and
-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding were used to conduct dimension reduction analysis and type annotation for the screened data. Marker genes and RDRGs were identified by differential analysis. Cell differentiation characteristics were determined by trajectory analysis. Enrichment pathways were analyzed by Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG), and functional modules were obtained by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Results. iPSCs were mainly located at the root of differentiation trajectory, while neurons and astrocytes were distributed in different branches, respectively. Meanwhile, 220 RDRGs were obtained. They were involved in the biological functions related to vision and visual development, as well as significantly enriched in signaling pathways associated with retinal vascular development and retinal neuroregulation. Protein-protein interaction network construction and functional subnetwork analysis were conducted on RDRGs, and two functional submodules were obtained. The enrichment analysis presented that the two submodules played a vital role in retinal development, visual perception, and cell respiration. Conclusions. This study identified RDRGs and revealed the biological functions involved in these genes, which are expected to provide evidence for researching retinal development and diseases.
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14
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A single-cell survey unveils cellular heterogeneity and sensitive responses in mouse cortices induced by oral exposure to triphenyl phosphate. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:2545-2557. [PMID: 35752650 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) is a non-halogenated organophosphorus flame retardant, and there is a higher exposure risk in children. TPhP has been found to be neurotoxic upon developmental exposure, yet the specific mechanism remains unclear. To characterize the cellular responses underlying TPhP-induced developmental neurotoxicity, we administered TPhP (0.5, 5 or 50 mg/kg/day) to neonatal mice from postnatal day 10 (P10)-P70. A total of 17,229 cells and 26,338 genes were identified in cortical samples from control and low-dose (the internal doses of metabolite DPhP comparable to human exposure level) groups using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). TPhP exposure led to heterogeneous transcriptional alterations and intercellular crosstalk among neurons, neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), endothelial cells, and immunocytes. Deprivation of NSPCs, loss of mature neurons, and concomitant neuroinflammation mediated by extrinsic and intrinsic immunocytes were found in TPhP-exposed cortices. In addition, we observed blood-brain barrier destruction prior to the anxiety/depression-like neurobehavioral changes. These results reveal the distinctive cellular processes in TPhP's neurodevelopmental toxicity and uncover that the impeded neurogenesis, disrupted vascular barrier, and concomitant neuroinflammation are the sensitive responses to TPhP exposure. Our study paves the way for the application of scRNA-seq in toxicity assessments for emerging neurotoxic pollutants.
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15
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Zhang X, Qiu H, Zhang F, Ding S. Advances in Single-Cell Multi-Omics and Application in Cardiovascular Research. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:883861. [PMID: 35733851 PMCID: PMC9207481 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.883861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of ever more powerful and versatile high-throughput sequencing techniques and innovative ways to capture single cells, mapping the multicellular tissues at the single-cell level is becoming routine practice. However, it is still challenging to depict the epigenetic landscape of a single cell, especially the genome-wide chromatin accessibility, histone modifications, and DNA methylation. We summarize the most recent methodologies to profile these epigenetic marks at the single-cell level. We also discuss the development and advancement of several multi-omics sequencing technologies from individual cells. Advantages and limitations of various methods to compare and integrate datasets obtained from different sources are also included with specific practical notes. Understanding the heart tissue at single-cell resolution and multi-modal levels will help to elucidate the cell types and states involved in physiological and pathological events during heart development and disease. The rich information produced from single-cell multi-omics studies will also promote the research of heart regeneration and precision medicine on heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwu Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xingwu Zhang,
| | - Hui Qiu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhi Zhang
- First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangyuan Ding
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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16
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Pai VP, Levin M. HCN2 Channel-induced Rescue of Brain, Eye, Heart, and Gut Teratogenesis Caused by Nicotine, Ethanol, and Aberrant Notch Signaling. Wound Repair Regen 2022; 30:681-706. [PMID: 35662339 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organogenesis is a complex process that can be disrupted by embryonic exposure to teratogens or mutation-induced alterations in signaling pathways, both of which result in organ mispatterning. Building on prior work in Xenopus laevis that showed that increased HCN2 ion channel activity rescues nicotine-induced brain & eye morphogenesis, we demonstrate much broader HCN2-based rescue of organ patterning defects. Induced HCN2 expression in both local or distant tissues can rescue CNS (brain & eye) as well as non-CNS (heart, & gut) organ defects induced by three different teratogenic conditions: nicotine exposure, ethanol exposure, or aberrant Notch protein. Rescue can also be induced by small-molecule HCN2 channel activators, even with delayed treatment initiation. Our results suggest that HCN2 (likely mediated by bioelectric signals) can be an effective regulator of organogenesis from all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) and reveal non-cell-autonomous influences on organ formation that work at considerable distance during embryonic development. These results suggest molecular bioelectric strategies for repair that could be explored in the future for regenerative medicine. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav P Pai
- Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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17
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Francisco CM, Fischer LW, Vendramini V, de Oliva SU, Paccola CC, Miraglia SM. Resveratrol reverses male reproductive damage in rats exposed to nicotine during the intrauterine phase and breastfeeding. Andrology 2022; 10:951-972. [PMID: 35472028 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine leads to reproductive changes culminating in male infertility and subfertility. Resveratrol, a polyphenol, is a biological modulator. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein can positively act on male reproduction, and its expression can be affected by nicotine and modulated by resveratrol. OBJECTIVES The capability of resveratrol to reverse the reproductive damage in adult male offspring, which was nicotine-exposed during the intrauterine phase and breastfeeding, was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four groups were established with male offspring born from nicotine-exposed and non-exposed rat dams during pregnancy and lactation. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: sham control (SC), resveratrol (R), nicotine (N), and nicotine + resveratrol (NR). Rat dams of the N and NR offspring were exposed to nicotine (2 mg/kg/day) during pregnancy and lactation using a subcutaneously implanted minipump. The offspring of the R and NR groups received resveratrol (300 mg/kg of body weight, gavage) for 63 days from puberty. At 114 days of age, the male rats were euthanized. RESULTS Nicotine did not alter the body weight, biometry of reproductive organs, or quantitative sperm parameters of adult offspring but caused an evident worsening of all sperm qualitative parameters studied. Daily treatment with resveratrol from puberty up to adulthood improved all qualitative sperm parameters significantly, leading some of them close to the control values. Resveratrol also improved the morphological integrity and expression of SIRT1 in the seminiferous epithelium of nicotine-exposed offspring. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION Resveratrol reversed the male reproductive damage caused by nicotine. Nicotine crosses the blood-placental membrane and is present in the breast milk of mothers who smoke. Resveratrol restored the altered reproductive parameters in the male adult offspring that were nicotine-exposed during intrauterine life and breastfeeding. The epigenetic modulating action of resveratrol can be involved in this nicotine damage reversion. Resveratrol may be a promising candidate to be investigated regarding the adjuvant strategies in the treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vanessa Vendramini
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samara Urban de Oliva
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Cicconi Paccola
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Miraglia
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Li M, Gong J, Gao L, Zou T, Kang J, Xu H. Advanced human developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment using human organoid models. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 235:113429. [PMID: 35325609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in the field of toxicology leading to the advance of developmental toxicity assessment. Conventional animal models and in vitro two-dimensional models cannot accurately describe toxic effects and predict actual in vivo responses due to obvious inter-species differences between humans and animals, as well as the lack of a physiologically relevant tissue microenvironment. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)- and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived three-dimensional organoids are ideal complex and multicellular organotypic models, which are indispensable in recapitulating morphogenesis, cellular interactions, and molecular processes of early human organ development. Recently, human organoids have been used for drug discovery, chemical toxicity and safety in vitro assessment. This review discusses the recent advances in the use of human organoid models, (i.e., brain, retinal, cardiac, liver, kidney, lung, and intestinal organoid models) for developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment of distinct tissues/organs following exposure to pharmaceutical compounds, heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, nanomaterials, and ambient air pollutants. Combining next-generation organoid models with innovative engineering technologies generates novel and powerful tools for developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment, and the rapid progress in this field is expected to continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lixiong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiahui Kang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China.
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19
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Narkar A, Willard JM, Blinova K. Chronic Cardiotoxicity Assays Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063199. [PMID: 35328619 PMCID: PMC8953833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes (CMs) differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are increasingly used in cardiac safety assessment, disease modeling and regenerative medicine. A vast majority of cardiotoxicity studies in the past have tested acute effects of compounds and drugs; however, these studies lack information on the morphological or physiological responses that may occur after prolonged exposure to a cardiotoxic compound. In this review, we focus on recent advances in chronic cardiotoxicity assays using hiPSC-CMs. We summarize recently published literature on hiPSC-CMs assays applied to chronic cardiotoxicity induced by anticancer agents, as well as non-cancer classes of drugs, including antibiotics, anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) and antidiabetic drugs. We then review publications on the implementation of hiPSC-CMs-based assays to investigate the effects of non-pharmaceutical cardiotoxicants, such as environmental chemicals or chronic alcohol consumption. We also highlight studies demonstrating the chronic effects of smoking and implementation of hiPSC-CMs to perform genomic screens and metabolomics-based biomarker assay development. The acceptance and wide implementation of hiPSC-CMs-based assays for chronic cardiotoxicity assessment will require multi-site standardization of assay protocols, chronic cardiac maturity marker reproducibility, time points optimization, minimal cellular variation (commercial vs. lab reprogrammed), stringent and matched controls and close clinical setting resemblance. A comprehensive investigation of long-term repeated exposure-induced effects on both the structure and function of cardiomyocytes can provide mechanistic insights and recapitulate drug and environmental cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Narkar
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA;
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA;
| | - James M. Willard
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA;
| | - Ksenia Blinova
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA;
- Correspondence:
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20
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Rhodes K, Barr KA, Popp JM, Strober BJ, Battle A, Gilad Y. Human embryoid bodies as a novel system for genomic studies of functionally diverse cell types. eLife 2022; 11:71361. [PMID: 35142607 PMCID: PMC8830892 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Practically all studies of gene expression in humans to date have been performed in a relatively small number of adult tissues. Gene regulation is highly dynamic and context-dependent. In order to better understand the connection between gene regulation and complex phenotypes, including disease, we need to be able to study gene expression in more cell types, tissues, and states that are relevant to human phenotypes. In particular, we need to characterize gene expression in early development cell types, as mutations that affect developmental processes may be of particular relevance to complex traits. To address this challenge, we propose to use embryoid bodies (EBs), which are organoids that contain a multitude of cell types in dynamic states. EBs provide a system in which one can study dynamic regulatory processes at an unprecedentedly high resolution. To explore the utility of EBs, we systematically explored cellular and gene expression heterogeneity in EBs from multiple individuals. We characterized the various cell types that arise from EBs, the extent to which they recapitulate gene expression in vivo, and the relative contribution of technical and biological factors to variability in gene expression, cell composition, and differentiation efficiency. Our results highlight the utility of EBs as a new model system for mapping dynamic inter-individual regulatory differences in a large variety of cell types. One major goal of human genetics is to understand how changes in the way genes are regulated affect human traits, including disease susceptibility. To date, most studies of gene regulation have been performed in adult tissues, such as liver or kidney tissue, that were collected at a single time point. Yet, gene regulation is highly dynamic and context-dependent, meaning that it is important to gather data from a greater variety of cell types at different stages of their development. Additionally, observing which genes switch on and off in response to external treatments can shed light on how genetic variation can drive errors in gene regulation and cause diseases. Stem cells can produce more cells like themselves or differentiate – acquire the characteristics – of many cell types. These cells have been used in the laboratory to research gene regulation. Unfortunately, these studies often fail to capture the complex spatial and temporal dynamics of stem cell differentiation; in particular, these studies are unable to observe gene regulation in the transient cell types that appear early in embryonic development. To overcome these limitations, scientists developed systems such as embryoid bodies: three-dimensional aggregates of stem cells that, when grown under certain conditions, spontaneously develop into a variety of cell types. Rhodes, Barr et al. wanted to assess the utility of embryoid bodies as a model to study how genes are dynamically regulated in different cell types, by different individuals who have distinct genetic makeups. To do this, they grew embryoid bodies made from human stem cells from different individuals to examine which genes switched on and off as the stem cells that formed the embryoid bodies differentiated into different types of cells. The results showed that it was possible to grow embryoid bodies derived from genetically distinct individuals that consistently produce diverse cell types, similar to those found during human fetal development. Rhodes, Barr et al.’s findings suggest that embryoid bodies are a useful model to study gene regulation across individuals with different genetic backgrounds. This could accelerate research into how genetics are associated with disease by capturing gene regulatory dynamics at an unprecedentedly high spatial and temporal resolution. Additionally, embryoid bodies could be used to explore how exposure to different environmental factors during early development affect disease-related outcomes in adulthood in different individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Rhodes
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Kenneth A Barr
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Joshua M Popp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Benjamin J Strober
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Alexis Battle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Yoav Gilad
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
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21
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Zhao Z, Zhu D, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Qiu J, Xu C, He Y, Zeng W, Yang Y. Embryotoxic effects of tribromophenol on early post-implantation development of mouse embryos in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:12085-12099. [PMID: 34558051 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
2,4,6-Tribromophenol (TBP, CAS No. 118-79-6), the most widely produced brominated phenol, is frequently detected in environmental components. The detection of TBP in human bodies has earned great concerns about its adverse effects on human beings, especially for early embryonic development. Here, we optimized the mouse embryo in vitro culture (IVC) system for early post-implantation embryos and employed it to determine the embryotoxicity of TBP. With this new research model, we revealed the dose-dependent toxic effects of TBP on mouse embryos from peri-implantation to egg cylinder stages. Furthermore, TBP exposure inhibited the differentiation and survival of epiblast (EPI) cells and extraembryonic endoderm (ExEn) cells, while those of extraembryonic ectoderm (ExEc) cells were not influenced. These results implied that TBP might inhibit embryonic development by influencing the generation of three primary germ layers and fetal membranes (the amnion, chorionic disk, umbilical cord, and yolk sac). In summary, we showed a proof of concept for applying mouse embryo IVC system as a novel research model for studying mammalian embryonic toxicology of environmental pollutants. This study also demonstrated the toxicity of TBP on early embryonic development of mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Dicong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yuanlin He
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wentao Zeng
- Animal Core Facility, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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22
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Tristan CA, Ormanoglu P, Slamecka J, Malley C, Chu PH, Jovanovic VM, Gedik Y, Jethmalani Y, Bonney C, Barnaeva E, Braisted J, Mallanna SK, Dorjsuren D, Iannotti MJ, Voss TC, Michael S, Simeonov A, Singeç I. Robotic high-throughput biomanufacturing and functional differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:3076-3092. [PMID: 34861164 PMCID: PMC8693769 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient translation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) requires scalable cell manufacturing strategies for optimal self-renewal and functional differentiation. Traditional manual cell culture is variable and labor intensive, posing challenges for high-throughput applications. Here, we established a robotic platform and automated all essential steps of hiPSC culture and differentiation under chemically defined conditions. This approach allowed rapid and standardized manufacturing of billions of hiPSCs that can be produced in parallel from up to 90 different patient- and disease-specific cell lines. Moreover, we established automated multi-lineage differentiation and generated functional neurons, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes. To validate our approach, we compared robotic and manual cell culture operations and performed comprehensive molecular and cellular characterizations (e.g., single-cell transcriptomics, mass cytometry, metabolism, electrophysiology) to benchmark industrial-scale cell culture operations toward building an integrated platform for efficient cell manufacturing for disease modeling, drug screening, and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Tristan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Pinar Ormanoglu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jaroslav Slamecka
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Claire Malley
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Vukasin M Jovanovic
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Yeliz Gedik
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Yogita Jethmalani
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Charles Bonney
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Elena Barnaeva
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - John Braisted
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Sunil K Mallanna
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Dorjbal Dorjsuren
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Michael J Iannotti
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Ty C Voss
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Sam Michael
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Ilyas Singeç
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation (DPI), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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23
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Krane M, Dreßen M, Santamaria G, My I, Schneider CM, Dorn T, Laue S, Mastantuono E, Berutti R, Rawat H, Gilsbach R, Schneider P, Lahm H, Schwarz S, Doppler SA, Paige S, Puluca N, Doll S, Neb I, Brade T, Zhang Z, Abou-Ajram C, Northoff B, Holdt LM, Sudhop S, Sahara M, Goedel A, Dendorfer A, Tjong FVY, Rijlaarsdam ME, Cleuziou J, Lang N, Kupatt C, Bezzina C, Lange R, Bowles NE, Mann M, Gelb BD, Crotti L, Hein L, Meitinger T, Wu S, Sinnecker D, Gruber PJ, Laugwitz KL, Moretti A. Sequential Defects in Cardiac Lineage Commitment and Maturation Cause Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. Circulation 2021; 144:1409-1428. [PMID: 34694888 PMCID: PMC8542085 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.056198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex molecular programs in specific cell lineages govern human heart development. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is the most common and severe manifestation within the spectrum of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction defects occurring in association with ventricular hypoplasia. The pathogenesis of HLHS is unknown, but hemodynamic disturbances are assumed to play a prominent role. METHODS To identify perturbations in gene programs controlling ventricular muscle lineage development in HLHS, we performed whole-exome sequencing of 87 HLHS parent-offspring trios, nuclear transcriptomics of cardiomyocytes from ventricles of 4 patients with HLHS and 15 controls at different stages of heart development, single cell RNA sequencing, and 3D modeling in induced pluripotent stem cells from 3 patients with HLHS and 3 controls. RESULTS Gene set enrichment and protein network analyses of damaging de novo mutations and dysregulated genes from ventricles of patients with HLHS suggested alterations in specific gene programs and cellular processes critical during fetal ventricular cardiogenesis, including cell cycle and cardiomyocyte maturation. Single-cell and 3D modeling with induced pluripotent stem cells demonstrated intrinsic defects in the cell cycle/unfolded protein response/autophagy hub resulting in disrupted differentiation of early cardiac progenitor lineages leading to defective cardiomyocyte subtype differentiation/maturation in HLHS. Premature cell cycle exit of ventricular cardiomyocytes from patients with HLHS prevented normal tissue responses to developmental signals for growth, leading to multinucleation/polyploidy, accumulation of DNA damage, and exacerbated apoptosis, all potential drivers of left ventricular hypoplasia in absence of hemodynamic cues. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight that despite genetic heterogeneity in HLHS, many mutations converge on sequential cellular processes primarily driving cardiac myogenesis, suggesting novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Krane
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.K., A.D., C.K., R.L., T.M., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.)
| | - Martina Dreßen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Ilaria My
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Christine M Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Tatjana Dorn
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Svenja Laue
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Mastantuono
- German Heart Center Munich, and Institute of Human Genetics (E.M., R.B., T.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (E.M., R.B., T.M.)
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- German Heart Center Munich, and Institute of Human Genetics (E.M., R.B., T.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (E.M., R.B., T.M.)
| | - Hilansi Rawat
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Gilsbach
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.G., P.S., L.H.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (R.G.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (R.G.)
| | - Pedro Schneider
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.G., P.S., L.H.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harald Lahm
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Sascha Schwarz
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CANTER), Munich University of Applied Sciences, Germany (S. Schwarz, S. Sudhop)
| | - Stefanie A Doppler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Sharon Paige
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (S.P., S.W.)
| | - Nazan Puluca
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Sophia Doll
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany (S.D., M.M.)
| | - Irina Neb
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Brade
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Abou-Ajram
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Northoff
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine (B.N., L.M.H.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Lesca M Holdt
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine (B.N., L.M.H.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sudhop
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CANTER), Munich University of Applied Sciences, Germany (S. Schwarz, S. Sudhop)
| | - Makoto Sahara
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Alexander Goedel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Dendorfer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.K., A.D., C.K., R.L., T.M., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.).,Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine (A.D.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Fleur V Y Tjong
- Heart Centre, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (F.V.Y.T., C.B.)
| | - Maria E Rijlaarsdam
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands (M.E.R.)
| | - Julie Cleuziou
- Department of Congenital and Paediatric Heart Surgery, Institute Insure (J.C.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Nora Lang
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Defects (N.L.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.K., A.D., C.K., R.L., T.M., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.)
| | - Connie Bezzina
- Heart Centre, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (F.V.Y.T., C.B.)
| | - Rüdiger Lange
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure (M.K., M.D., H.L., S.A.D., N.P., I.N., Z.Z., C.A.-A., R.L.),Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.K., A.D., C.K., R.L., T.M., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.)
| | - Neil E Bowles
- Department of Pediatrics (Division of Cardiology), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (N.E.B.)
| | - Matthias Mann
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany (S.D., M.M.)
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (B.D.G.)
| | - Lia Crotti
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (L.C.).,Cardiomyopathies Unit, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy (L.C.).,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (L.C.)
| | - Lutz Hein
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.G., P.S., L.H.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS, Center for Biological Signaling Studies (L.H.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- German Heart Center Munich, and Institute of Human Genetics (E.M., R.B., T.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.K., A.D., C.K., R.L., T.M., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.).,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (E.M., R.B., T.M.)
| | - Sean Wu
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (S.P., S.W.)
| | - Daniel Sinnecker
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.K., A.D., C.K., R.L., T.M., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.)
| | - Peter J Gruber
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT (P.J.G.)
| | - Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.K., A.D., C.K., R.L., T.M., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology (G.S., I.M., C.M.S., T.D., S.L., E.M., H.R., T.B., A.G., C.K., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.K., A.D., C.K., R.L., T.M., D.S., K.-L.L., A.M.)
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24
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Environmental Alterations during Embryonic Development: Studying the Impact of Stressors on Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101564. [PMID: 34680959 PMCID: PMC8536136 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) sauch as diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases are rising rapidly in all countries world-wide. Environmental maternal factors (e.g., diet, oxidative stress, drugs and many others), maternal illnesses and other stressors can predispose the newborn to develop diseases during different stages of life. The connection between environmental factors and NCDs was formulated by David Barker and colleagues as the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis. In this review, we describe the DOHaD concept and the effects of several environmental stressors on the health of the progeny, providing both animal and human evidence. We focus on cardiovascular diseases which represent the leading cause of death worldwide. The purpose of this review is to discuss how in vitro studies with pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), such as embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (ESC, iPSC), can underpin the research on non-genetic heart conditions. The PSCs could provide a tool to recapitulate aspects of embryonic development “in a dish”, studying the effects of environmental exposure during cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation and maturation, establishing a link to molecular mechanism and epigenetics.
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25
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Paccola CC, Souza GS, Freitas IMM, Souza JC, Martins LL, Vendramini V, Miraglia SM. Does maternal exposure to nicotine affect the oocyte quality and reproductive capacity in adult offspring? Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 426:115638. [PMID: 34242569 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gonadal development begins in the intrauterine phase and females from most species are born with an established oocyte reserve. Exposure to drugs during gestation can compromise the offspring health, also affecting the gametes quality. Nicotine, the main component of cigarettes, is an oxidant agent capable of altering the fertility in men and women. As female gametes are susceptible to oxidative stress, this drug can damage the oolemma and affect oocyte maturation, induce errors during chromosomal segregation and DNA fragmentation. Oocyte mitochondria are particularly susceptible to injuries, contributing to the oocyte quality loss and embryonic development disruption. Thus, considering the high number of women who smoke during pregnancy, while significant events are occurring in the embryo for future fertility of offspring, we seek to verify the quality of the oocytes from adult rats exposed to nicotine during intrauterine phase and breastfeeding. Pregnant Wistar rats received nicotine by osmotic mini-pumps and the female progenies were evaluated in adulthood for oocyte quality (viability, lipid peroxidation, generation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial integrity) and reproductive capacity. Embryos (3dpc) and fetuses (20dpc) generated by these rats were also evaluated. The results showed that the dose of 2 mg/kg/day of nicotine through placenta and breast milk does not affect the number of oocytes and the fertility capacity of adult rats. However, it causes some morphological alterations in oocytes, mitochondrial changes, embryonic fragmentation and disruption of fetal development. The malformations in fetuses generated from these gametes can also indicate the occurrence of epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Paccola
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - G S Souza
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I M M Freitas
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J C Souza
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L L Martins
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - V Vendramini
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S M Miraglia
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Dvir S, Argoetti A, Lesnik C, Roytblat M, Shriki K, Amit M, Hashimshony T, Mandel-Gutfreund Y. Uncovering the RNA-binding protein landscape in the pluripotency network of human embryonic stem cells. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109198. [PMID: 34077720 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal and cell fate decisions are driven by a broad array of molecular signals. While transcriptional regulators have been extensively studied in human ESCs (hESCs), the extent to which RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) contribute to human pluripotency remains unclear. Here, we carry out a proteome-wide screen and identify 810 proteins that bind RNA in hESCs. We reveal that RBPs are preferentially expressed in hESCs and dynamically regulated during early stem cell differentiation. Notably, many RBPs are affected by knockdown of OCT4, a master regulator of pluripotency, several dozen of which are directly targeted by this factor. Using cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP-seq), we find that the pluripotency-associated STAT3 and OCT4 transcription factors interact with RNA in hESCs and confirm the binding of STAT3 to the conserved NORAD long-noncoding RNA. Our findings indicate that RBPs have a more widespread role in human pluripotency than previously appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomi Dvir
- Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Amir Argoetti
- Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Chen Lesnik
- Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | | | | | - Michal Amit
- Accellta LTD, Haifa 320003, Israel; Ephraim Katzir Department of Biotechnology Engineering, ORT Braude College, Karmiel 2161002, Israel
| | - Tamar Hashimshony
- Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Yael Mandel-Gutfreund
- Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel; Computer Science Department, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel.
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27
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Knudsen TB, Spielmann M, Megason SG, Faustman EM. Single-cell profiling for advancing birth defects research and prevention. Birth Defects Res 2021; 113:546-559. [PMID: 33496083 PMCID: PMC8562675 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cellular analysis of developmental processes and toxicities has traditionally entailed bulk methods (e.g., transcriptomics) that lack single cell resolution or tissue localization methods (e.g., immunostaining) that allow only a few genes to be monitored in each experiment. Recent technological advances have enabled interrogation of genomic function at the single-cell level, providing new opportunities to unravel developmental pathways and processes with unprecedented resolution. Here, we review emerging technologies of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to globally characterize the gene expression sets of different cell types and how different cell types emerge from earlier cell states in development. Cell atlases of experimental embryology and human embryogenesis at single-cell resolution will provide an encyclopedia of genes that define key stages from gastrulation to organogenesis. This technology, combined with computational models to discover key organizational principles, was recognized by Science magazine as the "Breakthrough of the year" for 2018 due to transformative potential on the way we study how human cells mature over a lifetime, how tissues regenerate, and how cells change in diseases (e.g., patient-derived organoids to screen disease-specific targets and design precision therapy). Profiling transcriptomes at the single-cell level can fulfill the need for greater detail in the molecular progression of all cell lineages, from pluripotency to adulthood and how cell-cell signaling pathways control progression at every step. Translational opportunities emerge for elucidating pathogenesis of genetic birth defects with cellular precision and improvements for predictive toxicology of chemical teratogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Knudsen
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Human Molecular Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sean G Megason
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elaine M Faustman
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Liang X, Yang R, Yin N, Faiola F. Evaluation of the effects of low nanomolar bisphenol A-like compounds' levels on early human embryonic development and lipid metabolism with human embryonic stem cell in vitro differentiation models. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124387. [PMID: 33172680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The widely used chemical bisphenol A (BPA) has been associated with several health effects. In recent years, many derivatives were developed to replace BPA although without thorough toxicological evaluation. Here, we employed a human embryoid body (EB)-based in vitro global differentiation and hepatic specification models, followed by RNA-seq analyses, to comprehensively study the potential developmental toxicity of six BPA replacements (BPS, BPF, BPZ, BPB, BPE, and BPAF), as compared to BPA. We found that those bisphenols may disrupt lineage commitment and lipid metabolism during early embryonic development. These effects mostly manifested via the dysregulation of HOX and APO family genes. Moreover, among the seven bisphenols analyzed, BPE seemed to have the mildest effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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29
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Ku T, Hao F, Yang X, Rao Z, Liu QS, Sang N, Faiola F, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Graphene Quantum Dots Disrupt Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation by Interfering with the Methylation Level of Sox2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3144-3155. [PMID: 33569944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The tremendous potential for graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in biomedical applications has led to growing concerns of their health risks in human beings. However, present studies mainly focused on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and other general toxicity effects; the knowledge on the developmental toxicity and the related regulatory mechanisms is still far from sufficient. Our study revealed the development retardation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) caused by GQDs with a novel DNA methylation epigenetic mechanism. Specifically, GQDs were internalized into cells mainly via energy-dependent endocytosis, and a significant fraction of internalized GQDs remained in the cells even after a 48-h clearance period. Albeit with unobservable cytotoxicity or any influences on cell pluripotency, significant retardation was found in the in vitro differentiation of the mESCs into embryoid bodies (EBs) with the upregulation of Sox2 levels in GQD pretreatment groups. Importantly, this effect could be contributed by GQD-induced inhibition in CpG methylation of Sox2 through altering methyltransferase and demethyltransferase transcriptional expressions, and the demethyltransferase inhibitor, bobcat339 hydrochloride, reduced GQD-induced upregulation of Sox2. The current study first demonstrated that GQDs compromised the differentiation program of the mESCs, potentially causing development retardation. Exposure to this nanomaterial during gestation or early developmental period would cause adverse health risks and is worthy of more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ku
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ziyu Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
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30
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Liu S, Yang R, Yin N, Faiola F. Effects of per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances on pancreatic and endocrine differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126709. [PMID: 32348926 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) are typical per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) that epidemiological studies have already associated with diabetes. However, insufficient data on their toxicity have been reported to explain any mechanism of action, which could justify such an association. Meanwhile, short-chain PFASs designed to substitute PFOA and PFOS, have already raised increasing concerns for their biosafety. Here, we evaluated whether common PFASs affected pancreatic and endocrine cell development using a human pluripotent stem cell pancreatic induction model and human pancreatic progenitor cell (hPP) endocrine induction model. The short-chain PFASs, pentafluorobenzoic acid, perfluorohexanoic acid, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid, homologous to PFOA or PFOS, did not significantly disrupt hPP generation, unlike PFOA and PFOS, based on pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) expression. However, SRY box 9 (SOX9) expression was suppressed in PDX1+ hPPs. All six PFASs did not disrupt SOX9 expression or hPP proliferation. However, endocrine differentiation of hPPs was affected, as indicated by neurogenin-3 (NGN3) downregulation, owing to abnormal increases in SOX9 and hairy and enhancer of split-1 (HES1) expressions. Thus, hyperactivation of NOTCH signaling was repressed after hPPs committed to the endocrine lineage. In conclusion, our study demonstrates how powerful human pluripotent stem cell-based pancreatic differentiation models can be in developmental toxicity evaluations, compared to traditional toxicity assays, mostly based on live animals. Moreover, our findings suggest that PFASs may alter pancreatic development after the pancreatic domain emerges from the gut tube, and provide insights into their toxicity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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31
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Tristan CA, Ormanoglu P, Slamecka J, Malley C, Chu PH, Jovanovic VM, Gedik Y, Bonney C, Barnaeva E, Braisted J, Mallanna SK, Dorjsuren D, Iannotti MJ, Voss TC, Michael S, Simeonov A, Singeç I. Robotic High-Throughput Biomanufacturing and Functional Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020:2020.08.03.235242. [PMID: 32793899 PMCID: PMC7418713 DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.03.235242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient translation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) depends on implementing scalable cell manufacturing strategies that ensure optimal self-renewal and functional differentiation. Currently, manual culture of hiPSCs is highly variable and labor-intensive posing significant challenges for high-throughput applications. Here, we established a robotic platform and automated all essential steps of hiPSC culture and differentiation under chemically defined conditions. This streamlined approach allowed rapid and standardized manufacturing of billions of hiPSCs that can be produced in parallel from up to 90 different patient-and disease-specific cell lines. Moreover, we established automated multi-lineage differentiation to generate primary embryonic germ layers and more mature phenotypes such as neurons, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes. To validate our approach, we carefully compared robotic and manual cell culture and performed molecular and functional cell characterizations (e.g. bulk culture and single-cell transcriptomics, mass cytometry, metabolism, electrophysiology, Zika virus experiments) in order to benchmark industrial-scale cell culture operations towards building an integrated platform for efficient cell manufacturing for disease modeling, drug screening, and cell therapy. Combining stem cell-based models and non-stop robotic cell culture may become a powerful strategy to increase scientific rigor and productivity, which are particularly important during public health emergencies (e.g. opioid crisis, COVID-19 pandemic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Tristan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Pinar Ormanoglu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jaroslav Slamecka
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Claire Malley
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Vukasin M. Jovanovic
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Yeliz Gedik
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Charles Bonney
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Elena Barnaeva
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - John Braisted
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | | | - Dorjbal Dorjsuren
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Michael J. Iannotti
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Ty C. Voss
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Sam Michael
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Ilyas Singeç
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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32
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Liu WX, Tan SJ, Wang YF, Li L, Sun XF, Liu J, Klinger FG, De Felici M, Shen W, Cheng SF. Melatonin ameliorates murine fetal oocyte meiotic dysfunction in F1 and F2 offspring caused by nicotine exposure during pregnancy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114519. [PMID: 32325354 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although there is abundant evidence to demonstrate that maternal smoking during pregnancy will harm the health of future generations, the impact of nicotine use by pregnant woman upon the oogenesis and folliculogenesis of female offspring has not been as widely scrutinized. Here we focus on the effects of nicotine on the meiotic progression of fetal oocytes. The data indicated that in pregnant mice treated with nicotine, intracellular ROS increased in follicles within the fetal ovary. Excessive intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2-) decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, triggering an autophagic cascade and inhibiting anti-autophagic proteins. Fetal oocytes in F1 offspring of pregnant mice treated with nicotine exhibited a delay in meiotic prophase I, especially from the stage of pachytene to diplotene. In pubertal F1 offspring we observed a reduced number of follicles; the same reduction was also observed in F2 offspring. Of note, we found that melatonin ameliorated nicotine-induced oocyte damage and increased the expression of MnSOD, which decreased the production of nicotine-induced intracellular ROS. In addition, melatonin also maintained normal H3K4 and H3K9 di- and tri-methylation in F1 and F2 ovaries. Taken together, the current evidence suggests that, in the mouse, melatonin could prevent nicotine-impaired fetal oogenesis and folliculogenesis in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shao-Jing Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Central Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Francesca Gioia Klinger
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shun-Feng Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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33
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Kim CW, Lee SM, Ko EB, Go RE, Jeung EB, Kim MS, Choi KC. Inhibitory effects of cigarette smoke extracts on neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 95:75-85. [PMID: 32454085 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during the perinatal period is linked to adverse neonatal outcomes such as low birth weight and birth defects. Numerous studies have shown that cigarette smoke or nicotine exposure has a widespread effect on fetal nerve development. However, there exists a lack of understanding of what specific changes occur at the cellular level on persistent exposure to cigarette smoke during the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into neural cells. We previously investigated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and its major component, nicotine, on the neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Differentiation of mESCs into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) or neural crest cells (NCCs) was induced with chemically defined media, and the cells were continuously exposed to CSE or nicotine during neural differentiation and development. Disturbed balance of the pluripotency state was observed in the NPCs, with consequent inhibition of neurite outgrowth and glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap) expression. These inhibitions correlated with the altered expression of proteins involved in the Notch-1 signaling pathways. The migration ability of NCCs was significantly decreased by CSE or nicotine exposure, which was associated with reduced protein expression of migration-related proteins. Taken together, we concluded that CSE and nicotine inhibit differentiation of mESCs into NPCs or NCCs, and may disrupt functional development of neural cells. These results imply that cigarette smoking during the perinatal period potentially inhibits neural differentiation and development of ESCs cells, leading to neonatal abnormal brain development and behavioral abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Moo Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul-Bee Ko
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Research Group, Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Jeongeup, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Hu B, Yin N, Yang R, Liang S, Liang S, Faiola F. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and AgNO 3 perturb the specification of human hepatocyte-like cells and cardiomyocytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 725:138433. [PMID: 32302844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are commonly utilized industrial compounds mostly because of their antimicrobial properties. Nevertheless, our understanding of their potential developmental toxicity in humans is still limited. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are powerful in vitro tools for developmental toxicity assessments of chemicals. Here, we evaluated the potential developmental toxicity during early embryogenesis of AgNPs and AgNO3 with human ESC (hESC)-based differentiation systems in vitro. We found that human relevant concentrations of AgNPs and Ag ions affected the specification of two of the three primary germ layers, endoderm and mesoderm, without drastically affecting ectoderm. Furthermore, the two forms of Ag impaired the generation and functions of hepatocytes-like cells derived from endoderm, by decreasing the expression of important liver markers such as AFP, ALB, and HNF4A, and altering glycogen storage. When considering cardiac development, AgNPs and AgNO3 manifested opposite adverse effects, in that AgNPs increased while AgNO3 decreased the expression of typical cardiac markers (NKX2.5, MYH6, and ISL) in hESC-derived cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, our findings argue for a potential developmental toxicity of AgNP doses we are exposed to, or levels detected in the human body, especially at very early stages during embryogenesis, and which may not be just due to Ag leakage. Moreover, mesendoderm-derived cell types, tissues and organs may be more prone to AgNP toxicity than ectoderm lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengxian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaojun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Abstract
Although stem cell therapy has tremendous therapeutic potential, clinical translation of stem cell therapy has yet to be fully realized. Recently, patient comorbidities and lifestyle choices have emerged to be important factors in the efficacy of stem cell therapy. Tobacco usage is an important risk factor for numerous diseases, and nicotine exposure specifically has become increasing more prevalent with the rising use of electronic cigarettes. This review describes the effects of nicotine exposure on the function of various stem cells. We place emphasis on the differential effects of nicotine exposure in vitro and as well as in preclinical models. Further research on the effects of nicotine on stem cells will deepen our understanding of how lifestyle choices can impact the outcome of stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Hp Chan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Ngan F Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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36
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He B, Chen J, Tian M, Chen J, Zhou C, Ou Y, Wang S, Li X, Zhuang J. Adverse effects of nicotine on cardiogenic differentiation from human embryonic stem cells detected by single-cell RNA sequencing. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:848-855. [PMID: 32276728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking was one of the important adverse factors for congenital heart disease. The effects of nicotine, the main component of tobacco, on human embryonic cardiogenesis and related mechanisms remain poorly understood. This work used single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the effects of nicotine on human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line H9 and its underlying mechanisms during cardiac differentiation. H9 was cultured in feeder-free medium and differentiated in cardiac condition medium when cells reached 90% confluent. Cell viability was detected by MTT after different concentration of nicotine treatment. Different expressed genes during cardiac differentiation was analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Key gene expressions were confirmed by qPCR and Western blot. Results showed that 0.1μM-10μM nicotine did not affect H9 cell proliferation. Nicotine 1 μM down-regulated cardiac progenitor cell, mesoderm cell, smooth muscle cell and neural crest cell relatively. Snail1/2 regulating endocardial cushion development were downregulated apparently at differention day 6. Nicotine didn't affect bry-1 and mesp-1 but inhibited cardiac transcript factors. Consequently, the expression of cTnI, a marker of cardiomyocytes was decreased significantly. The data suggest direct adverse effects of nicotine on heart development at the single-cell level and offer a new approach for estimate drug and environmental toxicity on the pathogenesis of the embryonic cardiovascular system development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaochuan He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Miao Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jimei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chengbin Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yanqiu Ou
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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37
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Liang S, Wang F, Han J, Chen K. Latent periodic process inference from single-cell RNA-seq data. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1441. [PMID: 32188848 PMCID: PMC7080821 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a phenotype in a multicellular organism often involves multiple, simultaneously occurring biological processes. Advances in single-cell RNA-sequencing make it possible to infer latent developmental processes from the transcriptomic profiles of cells at various developmental stages. Accurate characterization is challenging however, particularly for periodic processes such as cell cycle. To address this, we develop Cyclum, an autoencoder approach identifying circular trajectories in the gene expression space. Cyclum substantially improves the accuracy and robustness of cell-cycle characterization beyond existing approaches. Applying Cyclum to removing cell-cycle effects substantially improves delineations of cell subpopulations, which is useful for establishing various cell atlases and studying tumor heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoheng Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jincheng Han
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Chang G, Saeki K, Mori H, Chen S. Environmental Carcinogenesis at the Single-Cell Level. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1880-1886. [PMID: 32132147 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the mechanisms behind how exposure to environmental chemicals can lead to cancer is not easy due to the complex natures of these compounds and the challenges to establish biologically relevant experimental models to study them. Environmental chemicals often present selective mechanisms of action on different cell types and can be involved in the modulation of targeted cells and their microenvironment, including immune cells. Currently, the limitations of traditional epidemiologic correlation analyses, in vitro cell-based assays, and animal models are that they are unable to comprehensively examine cellular heterogeneity and the tissue-selective influences. To this end, we propose utilizing single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to more effectively capture the subtle and complex effects of environmental chemicals and how their exposure could lead to cancer. scRNA-seq's capabilities for studying gene expression level data at a significantly higher resolution relative to bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) enable studies to evaluate how environmental chemicals regulate gene transcription on different cell types as well as how these compounds impact signaling pathways and interactions between cells in the tissue microenvironment. These studies will be valuable for evaluating environmental chemicals' carcinogenic properties at the individual cell level.See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "Environmental Carcinogenesis: Pathways to Prevention."
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Chang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Kohei Saeki
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Hitomi Mori
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Shiuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California.
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Ho H, Guo H, Means S, Tang J, Hunter P. Maternal Smoking Induced Cardiovascular Risks in Fetuses: How Can in silico Models Help? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:97. [PMID: 32140462 PMCID: PMC7042462 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Harvey Ho
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Shawn Means
- School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jing Tang
- Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Peter Hunter
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Kim CW, Go RE, Ko EB, Jeung EB, Kim MS, Choi KC. Effects of cigarette smoke components on myocardial differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:66-77. [PMID: 31507073 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The heart is the first organ formed in the developing fetus, and abnormal development of the heart is a major cause of fetal death. The adverse effects of cigarette smoke on the heart have been well established, but it is not well understood how cigarette smoke components regulate signaling molecules and cardiac specific functions during the early differentiation stage of the embryonic heart. In this study, we identified changes in the size of mouse embryoid bodies (mEBs) in response to treatment with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) via regulation of HDAC2, p53, p21, and cyclin D1 protein expression, which are cardiac differentiation and cell-cycle markers, respectively. In addition, exposure of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to cigarette smoke components inhibited myocardial differentiation and development through the expression of HDAC1, HDAC2, GATA4, NKX2-5, TBX5, HAND1, and Troponin I. Long-term exposure studies showed that CSE and nicotine may delay the development of mouse cardiomyocytes from mESCs and inhibit the contractibility, which is a fundamental function of the heart. Taken together, these findings suggest that cigarette smoke components, including nicotine, may affect abnormal myocardial differentiation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul Bee Ko
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Research Group, Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Jeongeup, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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The cell cycle in stem cell proliferation, pluripotency and differentiation. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:1060-1067. [PMID: 31481793 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases and other components of the core cell cycle machinery drive cell division. Growing evidence indicates that this machinery operates in a distinct fashion in some mammalian stem cell types, such as pluripotent embryonic stem cells. In this Review, we discuss our current knowledge of how cell cycle proteins mechanistically link cell proliferation, pluripotency and cell fate specification. We focus on embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic neural stem/progenitor cells.
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Ratsch A, Steadman K, Ryu B, Bogossian F. Tobacco and Pituri Use in Pregnancy: A Protocol for Measuring Maternal and Perinatal Exposure and Outcomes in Central Australian Aboriginal Women. Methods Protoc 2019; 2:E47. [PMID: 31181680 PMCID: PMC6632177 DOI: 10.3390/mps2020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal tobacco smoking is a recognized risk behavior that has adverse impacts onmaternal and fetal health. However, in some populations, the use of smokeless tobacco exceeds theuse of smoked tobacco. In central Australia, Aboriginal populations utilize wild tobacco plants(Nicotiana spp.) as a smokeless product. These plants are known by a variety of names, one of whichis pituri. The plants are masticated and retained in the oral cavity for extended periods of time andtheir use continues throughout pregnancy, birth, and lactation. In contrast to the evidence related tocombusted tobacco use, there is no evidence as to the effects of pituri use in pregnancy. CentralAustralian Aboriginal women who were at least 28 weeks pregnant were stratified into three tobaccoexposure groups: (a) Pituri chewers, (b) smokers, and (c) non-tobacco users. Routine antenatal andbirth information, pre-existing and pregnancy-related maternal characteristics, fetal characteristics,and biological samples were collected and compared. The biological samples were analysed fortobacco and nicotine metabolite concentrations. Samples from the mother included venous blood,urine, hair and colostrum and/or breast milk. From the neonate, this included Day 1 and Day 3 urineand meconium, and from the placenta, arterial and venous cord blood following delivery. This is thefirst study to correlate the pregnancy outcomes of central Australian Aboriginal women with differenttobacco exposures. The findings will provide the foundation for epidemiological data collection inrelated studies. Note to readers: In this article, the term "Aboriginal" was chosen by central Australianwomen to refer to both themselves and the Aboriginal people in their communities. "Indigenous" waschosen to refer to the wider Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ratsch
- Research Education, Development and Support, Wide Bay Hospital and Health Service,Hervey Bay 4655, Australia.
| | - Kathryn Steadman
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - BoMi Ryu
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - Fiona Bogossian
- School of Health & Sports Science and School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore 4558, Australia.
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
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