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Witkowska K, Paczkowska-Walendowska M, Plech T, Szymanowska D, Michniak-Kohn B, Cielecka-Piontek J. Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Controlled Delivery of Asiaticoside-Rich Centella asiatica Extracts with Wound Healing Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17229. [PMID: 38139059 PMCID: PMC10743457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Centella asiatica extract is a valued plant material with known anti-inflammatory and anti-microbiological properties. Using the Design of Experiment (DoE) approach, it was possible to obtain an optimized water/alcoholic extract from Centella asiatica, which allowed the preparation of the final material with biological activity in the wound healing process. Studies on the novel applications of Centella asiatica in conjunction with the multifunctional chitosan carrier have been motivated by the plant's substantial pharmacological activity and the need to develop new and effective methods for the treatment of chronic wounds. The controlled release of asiaticoside was made possible by the use of chitosan as a carrier. Based on the findings of investigations using the PAMPA skin assay, which is a model imitating the permeability of actives through skin, this compound, characterized by sustained release from the chitosan delivery system, was identified as being well able to permeate biological membranes such as skin. Chitosan and the lyophilized extract of Centella asiatica worked synergistically to block hyaluronidase, exert efficient microbiological activity and take part in the wound healing process, as proven in an in vitro model. A formulation containing 3% extract with 3% medium-molecular-weight chitosan was indicated as a potentially new treatment with high compliance and effectiveness for patients. Optimization of the chitosan-based hydrogel preparation ensured the required rheological properties necessary for the release of the bioactive from the chitosan delivery system and demonstrated a satisfactory antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Witkowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.W.); (M.P.-W.); (D.S.)
| | - Magdalena Paczkowska-Walendowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.W.); (M.P.-W.); (D.S.)
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Daria Szymanowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.W.); (M.P.-W.); (D.S.)
| | - Bożena Michniak-Kohn
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Center for Dermal Research, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.W.); (M.P.-W.); (D.S.)
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Sabaragamuwa R, Perera CO. Total Triterpenes, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity of Bioactive Phytochemicals of Centella asiatica by Different Extraction Techniques. Foods 2023; 12:3972. [PMID: 37959090 PMCID: PMC10647812 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obtaining phytochemical-rich plant extracts from natural products where the active ingredients are present in comparatively low levels in the tissue matrix is the critical initial step of any chemical analysis or bioactivity testing. The plant C. asiatica is rich in various phytochemicals, the major constituents being triterpenes and flavonoids, as well as other polyphenols, leading to a number of bioactivities. In this study, an attempt was made to achieve several green technology principles, while optimizing the extraction method for the efficient extraction of bioactive compounds from C. asiatica. Soxhlet extraction (SE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with low-frequency sonication, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) using a closed-vessel microwave digestion system, and subcritical water extraction (SWE) in a high-pressure reactor were employed to extract the bioactive compounds. The solvent system, extraction time, and solid-to-solvent ratio were varied to optimize the extraction. UAE gave the best extraction yield, while MAE gave similar results, with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:25, a binary solvent system of 9:1 methanol to water (v/v), and a 20 min extraction time for the extraction of triterpenes, including madecassoside, asiaticoside, madicassic acid, and asiatic acid. Investigation of different solvent systems based on water and methanol also revealed information on the extraction behavior of total triterpene content (TTC), total polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and the variations in the antioxidant capacity of the extracts. In this study, it was evident that UAE and MAE offer more efficient and effective extraction of bioactive compounds in terms of extraction yield, time, and minimal solvent and energy use. Furthermore, the results showed that the different solvent ratios in the extraction mixture will affect the extraction of bioactive compounds, and a binary solvent system with a combination of methanol and water was the most efficient for the studied compounds in Centella asiatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasangani Sabaragamuwa
- Food Science Programme, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- Department of Food Science and Microbiology, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Conrad O. Perera
- Food Science Programme, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
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Thamnium S, Laomeephol C, Pavasant P, Osathanon T, Tabata Y, Wang C, Luckanagul JA. Osteogenic induction of asiatic acid derivatives in human periodontal ligament stem cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14102. [PMID: 37644086 PMCID: PMC10465493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Asiatic acid (AA) and asiaticoside, pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds derived from Centella asiatica, are known for their biological effects in promoting type I collagen synthesis and inducing osteogenesis of stem cells. However, their applications in regenerative medicine are limited due to their low potency and poor aqueous solubility. This work aimed to evaluate the osteogenic induction activity of AA derivatives in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro. Four compounds were synthesised, namely 501, 502, 503, and 506. AA was used as the control. The 502 exhibited low water solubility, while the 506 compound showed the highest. The cytotoxicity analysis demonstrated that 503 caused significant deterioration in cell viability, while other derivatives showed no harmful effect on hPDLSCs. The dimethyl aminopropyl amine derivative of AA, compound 506, demonstrated a relatively high potency in inducing osteogenic differentiation. An elevated mRNA expression of osteogenic-related genes, BMP2, WNT3A, ALP, OSX and IBSP was observed with 506. Additionally, the expression of BMP-2 protein was enhanced with increasing dose of 506, and the effect was pronounced when the Erk signalling molecule was inhibited. The 506 derivative was proposed for the promotion of osteogenic differentiation in hPDLSCs by upregulating BMP2 via the Erk signalling pathway. The 506 molecule showed promise in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirikool Thamnium
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chavee Laomeephol
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterial Engineering in Medical and Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Chao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 416, Chengdu, 6100641, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Jittima A Luckanagul
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterial Engineering in Medical and Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Rachpirom M, Pichayakorn W, Puttarak P. Preparation, development, and scale-up of standardized pentacyclic triterpenoid-rich extract from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. and study of its wound healing activity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17807. [PMID: 37539271 PMCID: PMC10395139 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This pilot-scale study of an innovative green extraction method shows increased biomarker content in plant extracts. Moreover, green extraction methods decrease the effects on the environment and human health and promote industrial growth. This study optimized the process conditions to obtain a pentacyclic triterpenoid-rich extract (PRE) from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., which contains asiatic acid, madecassic acid, asiaticoside, and madecassoside, and evaluated its biological activities. PRE preparation was scaled up from laboratory to pilot scale. In the pilot scale, a combination of microwave-assisted extraction with an irradiation power of 4 kW and an ultrasonic-assisted extraction at 0.55 kW was used for C. asiatica extraction. The total pentacyclic triterpene content was 106.02 mg/g of crude extract. Then, the C. asiatica extract was fractionated by a macroporous resin (Diaion® HP-20). The PRE preparation method used 50% and 75% EtOH fractions. This PRE produced a high content of pentacyclic triterpenoids at 681.12 mg/g of crude extract. It presented a high anti-inflammatory effect with an IC50 value of 23.88 μg/mL for nitric oxide inhibition and induced wound healing processes (proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis) in human dermal fibroblast cells. The information gained from this study can advance the industrial extraction of physiologically active substances from various plant sources for use as medicines or components of supplemental food and cosmeceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkwan Rachpirom
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Wiwat Pichayakorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Panupong Puttarak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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Adeeyo AO, Oyetade JA, Alabi MA, Adeeyo RO, Samie A, Makungo R. Tuning water chemistry for the recovery of greener products: pragmatic and sustainable approaches. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6808-6826. [PMID: 36865581 PMCID: PMC9972008 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06596g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The environmental impact and denaturing propensity of organic solvents in the extraction of plant bioactives pose great challenges in extraction systems. As a result, proactive consideration of procedures and evidence for tuning water properties for better recovery and positive influence on the green synthesis of products become pivotal. The conventional maceration approach takes a longer duration (1-72 h) for product recovery while percolation, distillation, and Soxhlet extractions take about 1 to 6 h. An intensified modern hydro-extraction process was identified for tuning water properties with an appreciable yield similar to organic solvents within 10-15 min. The percentage yield of tuned hydro-solvents achieved close to 90% recovery of active metabolites. The additional advantage of using tuned water over organic solvents is in the preservation of the bio-activities and forestalling the possibility of contamination of the bio-matrices during extractions with an organic solvent. This advantage is based on the fast extraction rate and selectivity of the tuned solvent when compared to the traditional approach. This review uniquely approaches the study of biometabolite recovery through insights from the chemistry of water under different extraction techniques for the very first time. Current challenges and prospects from the study are further presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. O. Adeeyo
- Ecology and Resource Management Unit, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of VendaThohoyandou 0950South Africa,Aqua Plantae Research Group, University of VendaThohoyandou 0950South Africa
| | - J. A. Oyetade
- Material Science and Engineering, School of Materials, Water, Energy and Environmental Science, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and TechnologyArushaTanzania
| | - M. A. Alabi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - R. O. Adeeyo
- Ecology and Resource Management Unit, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of VendaThohoyandou 0950South Africa
| | - A. Samie
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of VendaThohoyandou 0950South Africa
| | - R. Makungo
- Department of Earth Science, University of VendaThohoyandou 0950South Africa
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Bandopadhyay S, Mandal S, Ghorai M, Jha NK, Kumar M, Radha, Ghosh A, Proćków J, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Dey A. Therapeutic properties and pharmacological activities of asiaticoside and madecassoside: A review. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:593-608. [PMID: 36756687 PMCID: PMC9983323 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Centella asiatica is an ethnomedicinal herbaceous species that grows abundantly in tropical and sub-tropical regions of China, India, South-Eastern Asia and Africa. It is a popular nutraceutical that is employed in various forms of clinical and cosmetic treatments. C. asiatica extracts are reported widely in Ayurvedic and Chinese traditional medicine to boost memory, prevent cognitive deficits and improve brain functions. The major bioactive constituents of C. asiatica are the pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides, asiaticoside and madecassoside, and their corresponding aglycones, asiatic acid and madecassic acid. Asiaticoside and madecassoside have been identified as the marker compounds of C. asiatica in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and these triterpene compounds offer a wide range of pharmacological properties, including neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-allergic, anti-depressant, anxiolytic, antifibrotic, antibacterial, anti-arthritic, anti-tumour and immunomodulatory activities. Asiaticoside and madecassoside are also used extensively in treating skin abnormalities, burn injuries, ischaemia, ulcers, asthma, lupus, psoriasis and scleroderma. Besides medicinal applications, these phytocompounds are considered cosmetically beneficial for their role in anti-ageing, skin hydration, collagen synthesis, UV protection and curing scars. Existing reports and experimental studies on these compounds between 2005 and 2022 have been selectively reviewed in this article to provide a comprehensive overview of the numerous therapeutic advantages of asiaticoside and madecassoside and their potential roles in the medical future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujata Mandal
- Department of Life SciencesPresidency UniversityKolkataIndia
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life SciencesPresidency UniversityKolkataIndia
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & TechnologySharda UniversityGreater NoidaIndia,Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food TechnologyChandigarh UniversityMohaliIndia,Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS)Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing DivisionICAR – Central Institute for Research on Cotton TechnologyMumbaiIndia
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental SciencesShoolini University of Biotechnology and Management SciencesSolanIndia
| | | | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental BiologyWrocław University of Environmental and Life SciencesWrocławPoland
| | - José M. Pérez de la Lastra
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicas (CSIS)Santa Cruz de TenerifeSpain
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life SciencesPresidency UniversityKolkataIndia
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Biotechnological and endophytic-mediated production of centellosides in Centella asiatica. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:473-489. [PMID: 36481800 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In vitro culture of a plant cell, tissue and organ is a marvellous, eco-friendly biotechnological strategy for the production of phytochemicals. With the emergence of recent biotechnological tools, genetic engineering is now widely practiced enhancing the quality and quantity of plant metabolites. Triterpenoid saponins especially asiaticoside and madecassoside of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. are popularly known for their neuroprotective activity. It has become necessary to increase the production of asiaticoside and madecassoside because of their high pharmaceutical and industrial demand. Thus, the review aims to provide efficient biotechnological tools along with proper strategies. This review also included a comparative analysis of various carbon sources and biotic and abiotic elicitors. The vital roles of a variety of plant growth regulators and their combinations have also been evaluated at different in vitro growth stages of Centella asiatica. Selection of explants, direct and callus-mediated organogenesis, root organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, synthetic seed production etc. are also highlighted in this study. In a nutshell, this review will present the research outcomes of different biotechnological interventions used to increase the yield of triterpenoid saponins in C. asiatica. KEY POINTS: • Critical and updated assessment on in vitro biotechnology in C. asiatica. • In vitro propagation of C. asiatica and elicitation of triterpenoid saponins production. • Methods for mass producing C. asiatica.
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High-yield recovery of highly bioactive compounds from red ginseng marc using subcritical water extraction. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cheng Y, Xue F, Yu S, Du S, Yang Y. Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products. Molecules 2021; 26:4004. [PMID: 34209151 PMCID: PMC8271798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcritical water refers to high-temperature and high-pressure water. A unique and useful characteristic of subcritical water is that its polarity can be dramatically decreased with increasing temperature. Therefore, subcritical water can behave similar to methanol or ethanol. This makes subcritical water a green extraction fluid used for a variety of organic species. This review focuses on the subcritical water extraction (SBWE) of natural products. The extracted materials include medicinal and seasoning herbs, vegetables, fruits, food by-products, algae, shrubs, tea leaves, grains, and seeds. A wide range of natural products such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, essential oil, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, organic acids, polyphenolics, quinones, steroids, and terpenes have been extracted using subcritical water. Various SBWE systems and their advantages and drawbacks have also been discussed in this review. In addition, we have reviewed co-solvents including ethanol, methanol, salts, and ionic liquids used to assist SBWE. Other extraction techniques such as microwave and sonication combined with SBWE are also covered in this review. It is very clear that temperature has the most significant effect on SBWE efficiency, and thus, it can be optimized. The optimal temperature ranges from 130 to 240 °C for extracting the natural products mentioned above. This review can help readers learn more about the SBWE technology, especially for readers with an interest in the field of green extraction of natural products. The major advantage of SBWE of natural products is that water is nontoxic, and therefore, it is more suitable for the extraction of herbs, vegetables, and fruits. Another advantage is that no liquid waste disposal is required after SBWE. Compared with organic solvents, subcritical water not only has advantages in ecology, economy, and safety, but also its density, ion product, and dielectric constant can be adjusted by temperature. These tunable properties allow subcritical water to carry out class selective extractions such as extracting polar compounds at lower temperatures and less polar ingredients at higher temperatures. SBWE can mimic the traditional herbal decoction for preparing herbal medication and with higher extraction efficiency. Since SBWE employs high-temperature and high-pressure, great caution is needed for safe operation. Another challenge for application of SBWE is potential organic degradation under high temperature conditions. We highly recommend conducting analyte stability checks when carrying out SBWE. For analytes with poor SBWE efficiency, a small number of organic modifiers such as ethanol, surfactants, or ionic liquids may be added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Fumin Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shuai Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shichao Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
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Idris FN, Mohd Nadzir M. Comparative Studies on Different Extraction Methods of Centella asiatica and Extracts Bioactive Compounds Effects on Antimicrobial Activities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10040457. [PMID: 33920563 PMCID: PMC8073564 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest of consumers in using products containing phytochemicals derived from plants is growing day by day due to the shift of consumers' preferences from convenience to environmental sustainability. One plant utilized in many products is Centella asiatica, a herb commonly used in folk medicine, health supplements, and beauty products. Extraction of bioactive compounds from C. asiatica was performed using conventional methods and modern methods (e.g., microwave or ultrasound-assisted and subcritical water extraction). This review summarizes the variety of methods used to extract active compounds from C. asiatica, their influence on the bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo, and the safety and toxicology of C. asiatica extract.
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Ruslan FS, Susanti D, Taher M, Mohammad NF. Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of asiaticoside from Centella asiatica using Central Composite Design (CCD). SEP SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2020.1845208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Shazwani Ruslan
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Deny Susanti
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Farahain Mohammad
- Department of Computational and Theoretical, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
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Subcritical Water Extraction of Epigallocatechin Gallate from Camellia sinensis and Optimization Study Using Response Surface Methodology. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Camellia sinensis is a plant whose leaves and buds are used to produce tea. With many medicinal activities already found, green tea has been consumed widely in the world. Methods: The subcritical water extraction (SWE) of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea leaves and the effect of the different extraction conditions are investigated by response surface methodology (RSM). Furthermore, the model of the extraction processes is reviewed for application at the industrial scale. Results: Based on the RSM data, the maximum yield of extraction is determined via optimizing different parameters of the extraction processes. Optimal conditions are as follows: extraction time of 6 min, extraction temperature at 120 °C, and a sample/solvent ratio of 1:40 g/mL. Under such conditions, the best yield of EGCG is 4.665%. Moreover, the model of the extraction processes, which can be utilized for industry scale purpose, indicates a good correlation with the experimental data. Conclusions: Overall, SWE is competent and environmental-friendly, and it is also a highly selective and fast method. SWE is a promising method to take the place of organic solvents used in the extraction of weak polar and even non-polar natural compounds. Further studies on the scale-up of the extraction processes are ongoing.
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13
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He Y, Lin Y, Li Q, Gu Y. The contribution ratio of various characteristic tea compounds in antioxidant capacity by DPPH assay. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13270. [PMID: 32394493 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tea is a worldwide health beneficial beverage for its antioxidant ability. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay is a common method to measure the antioxidant capacity of tea compounds, yet the contribution ratio of various characteristic tea compounds is still unclear. high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to examine the content of polyphenol compounds in 24 tea samples from four tea categories (green tea, white tea, oolong tea, and black tea). Based on the results of DPPH and HPLC, contribution ratio of each tea compound was analyzed by the Pearson correlation analysis and the partial least squares regression (PLSR). The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the order of correlation between the area of 13 peaks and the antioxidant ability of tea samples was x8 > x6 > x3 > x13 > x10 > x7 > x2 > x5 > x11 > x9 > x4 > x12 > x1; the regression equation fit by PLSR was Y = 47.258 - 0.760x1 + 0.287x2 - 1.484x3 - 0.569x4 + 0.674x5 + 2.257x6 + 1.698x7 + 1.389x8 - 0.188x9 + 0.467x10 + 0.297x11 + 1.314x12 + 0.963x13. We identified nine common peaks by reference standard substances: the x3 was gallic acid (GA), x4 was theobromine, x5 was catechuic acid (CA), x6 was epigallocatechin (EGC), x8 was epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), x9 was caffeine, x10 was epicatechin (EC), x12 was epicatechin gallate (ECG), and x13 was gallocatechin gallate (GCG). Based on the study of spectrum-effect correlation, we obtain a better understanding of the antioxidant activity of complex tea polyphenols component. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Identify the contribution of specific chemical compound to antioxidant activity by the coefficients in PLSR equation and provide a deeper insight into the joint effect of multiple ingredients of tea. Further, we can infer the DPPH free radical scavenging ability of a new kind of tea by the PLSR equation without chemical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansu He
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China.,School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong Lin
- College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qingsheng Li
- Zhejiang University Tea Research Institute, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Gu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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Myint AA, Aregay MG, Kang M, Kim BS, Lee YW, Kim J. Comprehensive study on the formation mechanism of highly bioactive compounds from Allium hookeri root using subcritical water and their antioxidant and anticancer effects. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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15
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Zhang J, Wen C, Zhang H, Duan Y, Ma H. Recent advances in the extraction of bioactive compounds with subcritical water: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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16
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Charoenchaitrakool M, Niamnuy C, Dittanet P, Chantes O, Chuangyang P. Statistical optimization for precipitation of bioactive compounds from extracted
Centella asiatica
using gas anti‐solvent technique. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manop Charoenchaitrakool
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology for Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, KU Institute for Advanced StudiesKasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
- NANOTEC‐KU‐Center of Excellence on Nanoscale Materials Design for Green NanotechnologyKasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Chalida Niamnuy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Peerapan Dittanet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Ornkanit Chantes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Pattamaporn Chuangyang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
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17
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de Souza ARC, Stefanov S, Bombardelli MC, Corazza ML, Stateva RP. Assessment of composition and biological activity of Arctium lappa leaves extracts obtained with pressurized liquid and supercritical CO2 extraction. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Ziyatdinova GK, Budnikov HC. Spice Antioxidants as Objects of Analytical Chemistry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193481810012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Yusuf Nasu M, Restuati M, Shafwan S. A, Pratiwi N, Setya Dini D. Antimicrobial Activities of Centella asiatica Leaf and Root Extracts on Selected Pathogenic Micro-organisms. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2018.198.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Nagoor Meeran MF, Goyal SN, Suchal K, Sharma C, Patil CR, Ojha SK. Pharmacological Properties, Molecular Mechanisms, and Pharmaceutical Development of Asiatic Acid: A Pentacyclic Triterpenoid of Therapeutic Promise. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:892. [PMID: 30233358 PMCID: PMC6131672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asiatic acid (AA) is a naturally occurring aglycone of ursane type pentacyclic triterpenoids. It is abundantly present in many edible and medicinal plants including Centella asiatica that is a reputed herb in many traditional medicine formulations for wound healing and neuropsychiatric diseases. AA possesses numerous pharmacological activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory and regulates apoptosis that attributes its therapeutic effects in numerous diseases. AA showed potent antihypertensive, nootropic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities in preclinical studies. In various in vitro and in vivo studies, AA found to affect many enzymes, receptors, growth factors, transcription factors, apoptotic proteins, and cell signaling cascades. This review aims to represent the available reports on therapeutic potential and the underlying pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of AA. The review also also discusses the challenges and prospects on the pharmaceutical development of AA such as pharmacokinetics, physicochemical properties, analysis and structural modifications, and drug delivery. AA showed favorable pharmacokinetics and found bioavailable following oral or interaperitoneal administration. The studies demonstrate the polypharmacological properties, therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms of AA in numerous diseases. Taken together the evidences from available studies, AA appears one of the important multitargeted polypharmacological agents of natural origin for further pharmaceutical development and clinical application. Provided the favorable pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy, AA can be a promising agent or adjuvant along with currently used modern medicines with a pharmacological basis of its use in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Kapil Suchal
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Meicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandragouda R. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Borisova DR, Statkus MA, Tsizin GI, Zolotov YA. Subcritical water: Use in chemical analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934817080044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Gbashi S, Adebo OA, Piater L, Madala NE, Njobeh PB. Subcritical Water Extraction of Biological Materials. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2016.1170035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Kwon HL, Chung MS. Pilot-scale subcritical solvent extraction of curcuminoids from Curcuma long L. Food Chem 2015; 185:58-64. [PMID: 25952841 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Curcuminoids consisted curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, were extracted from turmeric using subcritical solvent by varying conditions of temperature (110-150 °C), time (1-10 min), pressure (5-100 atm), solid-to-solvent ratio, and mixing ratio of solvent. Preliminary lab-scale experiments were conducted to determine the optimum extraction temperature and mixing ratio of water and ethanol for the pilot-scale extraction. The maximum yield of curcuminoids in the pilot-scale system was 13.58% (curcumin 4.94%, demethoxycurcumin 4.73%, and bisdemethoxycurcumin 3.91% in dried extracts) at 135 °C/5 min with water/ethanol mixture (50:50, v/v) as a solvent. On the other hand, the extraction yields of curcuminoids were obtained as 10.49%, 13.71% and 13.96% using the 50%, 95% and 100% ethanol, respectively, at the atmospheric condition (60 °C/120 min). Overall results showed that the subcritical solvent extraction is much faster and efficient extraction method considering extracted curcuminoids contents and has a potential to develop a commercial process for the extraction of curcuminoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Lim Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Myong-Soo Chung
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea.
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24
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Subcritical Water Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Plants and Algae: Applications in Pharmaceutical and Food Ingredients. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-015-9119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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25
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Optimization of extraction process of bioactive compounds from Bene hull using subcritical water. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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26
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Comparative evaluation of atmospheric and vacuum microwave-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from fresh and driedCentella asiaticaL. leaves. Int J Food Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Md Sarip MS, Morad NA, Mohamad Ali NA, Mohd Yusof YA, Che Yunus MA. The kinetics of extraction of the medicinal ginger bioactive compounds using hot compressed water. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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28
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Green Extraction: Enhanced Extraction Yield of Asiatic Acid from Centella asiatica (L.) Nanopowders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/460168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanopowders of Centella asiatica (L.) were produced using planetary ball mill in order to investigate the differences of water extraction yield of asiatic acid as compared to micropowders of Centella asiatica. Effect of extraction time (20–60 min) on extraction yield of asiatic acid from Centella asiatica was examined. Results showed that water extraction of asiatic acid using Centella asiatica nanopowders exhibits was almost 50% higher extraction yield with 7.09 mg/g as compared to the micropowders of Centella asiatica. It was concluded that nanopowders contributed in enhancing water extraction yield of asiatic acid as compared to micropowders. Thereby utilizing nanopowders in water extraction could improve the extraction of asiatic acid via clean, eco-friendly, and less expensive process.
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29
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Traditional medicines in Africa: an appraisal of ten potent african medicinal plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:617459. [PMID: 24367388 PMCID: PMC3866779 DOI: 10.1155/2013/617459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of medicinal plants as a fundamental component of the African traditional healthcare system is perhaps the oldest and the most assorted of all therapeutic systems. In many parts of rural Africa, traditional healers prescribing medicinal plants are the most easily accessible and affordable health resource available to the local community and at times the only therapy that subsists. Nonetheless, there is still a paucity of updated comprehensive compilation of promising medicinal plants from the African continent. The major focus of the present review is to provide an updated overview of 10 promising medicinal plants from the African biodiversity which have short- as well as long-term potential to be developed as future phytopharmaceuticals to treat and/or manage panoply of infectious and chronic conditions. In this endeavour, key scientific databases have been probed to investigate trends in the rapidly increasing number of scientific publications on African traditional medicinal plants. Within the framework of enhancing the significance of traditional African medicinal plants, aspects such as traditional use, phytochemical profile, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies and also future challenges pertaining to the use of these plants have been explored.
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30
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Joana Gil-Chávez G, Villa JA, Fernando Ayala-Zavala J, Basilio Heredia J, Sepulveda D, Yahia EM, González-Aguilar GA. Technologies for Extraction and Production of Bioactive Compounds to be Used as Nutraceuticals and Food Ingredients: An Overview. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 419] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Joana Gil-Chávez
- Centro de Investigaci'on en Alimentaci'on y Desarrollo; A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6; AP1735; Hermosillo 83000; Sonora; M'exico
| | - José A. Villa
- Centro de Investigaci'on en Alimentaci'on y Desarrollo; A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6; AP1735; Hermosillo 83000; Sonora; M'exico
| | - J. Fernando Ayala-Zavala
- Centro de Investigaci'on en Alimentaci'on y Desarrollo; A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6; AP1735; Hermosillo 83000; Sonora; M'exico
| | - J. Basilio Heredia
- Centro de Investigaci'on en Alimentaci'on y Desarrollo; A.C., AP 32-A; Culiac'an 80129; Sinaloa; M'exico
| | - David Sepulveda
- Centro de Investigaci'on en Alimentaci'on y Desarrollo; A.C., AP 781; Ciudad Cuauht'emoc 31570; Chihuahua; M'exico
| | - Elhadi M. Yahia
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Univ. Aut'onoma de Quer'etaro; Quer'etaro 76230; Quer'etaro; M'exico
| | - Gustavo A. González-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaci'on en Alimentaci'on y Desarrollo; A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6; AP1735; Hermosillo 83000; Sonora; M'exico
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31
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Muangrat R. A review: utilization of food wastes for hydrogen production under hydrothermal gasification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2013.840682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Liang X, Fan Q. Application of Sub-Critical Water Extraction in Pharmaceutical Industry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/msce.2013.15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Huang FX, Lin XH, He WN, Song W, Ye M, Yang WZ, Guo DA. Two new oxidation products obtained from the biotransformation of asiatic acid by the fungus Fusarium avenaceum AS 3.4594. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2012; 14:1039-1045. [PMID: 23106376 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.702761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Asiatic acid (AA) is a natural triterpenoid possessing anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. Structural modification of AA may provide valuable information for further structure-activity relationship analysis. Biotransformation is an efficient, specific, and environment friendly technology for structural modification of complicated natural products. In this study, the capabilities of twenty-five strains of filamentous fungi to transform AA were screened. Two new and one known oxidation products metabolized by Fusarium avenaceum AS 3.4594 were isolated. Their chemical structures were characterized as 2-oxo-3β,15α,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (1), 3-oxo-2,15α,23-trihydroxyurs-1,12-dien-28-oic acid (2), and 2-oxo-3β,23-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic-acid (3) by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Xia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Santos-Buelga C, Gonzalez-Manzano S, Dueñas M, Gonzalez-Paramas AM. Extraction and isolation of phenolic compounds. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 864:427-464. [PMID: 22367907 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-624-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds constitute a major class of plant secondary metabolites that are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and show a large structural diversity. These compounds occur as aglycones or glycosides, as monomers or constituting highly polymerized structures, or as free or matrix-bound compounds. Furthermore, they are not uniformly distributed in the plant and their stability varies significantly. This greatly complicates their extraction and isolation processes, which means that a single standardized procedure cannot be recommended for all phenolics and/or plant materials; procedures have to be optimized depending on the nature of the sample and the target analytes, and also on the object of the study. In this chapter, the main techniques for sample preparation, and extraction and isolation of phenolic compounds have been reviewed-from classical solvent extraction procedures to more modern approaches, such as the use of molecularly imprinted polymers or counter-current chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Grupo de Investigación de Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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Mustafa A, Turner C. Pressurized liquid extraction as a green approach in food and herbal plants extraction: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 703:8-18. [PMID: 21843670 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 502] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pressurized liquid extraction is a "green" technology for the extraction of nutraceuticals from foods and herbal plants. This review discusses the extraction principles and the optimization of the extraction parameters that improves the extraction efficiency. The use of different solvent mixtures and other extraction additives to enhance the efficiency of the extraction are discussed. Dynamic mode of extraction in Pressurized liquid extraction, and the use of combined and hyphenated sample preparation and analytical techniques are presented. This work discusses how different studies used Pressurized liquid extraction to enrich phenolic compounds, lignans, carotenoids, oils and lipids, essential oils and other nutraceuticals from foods and herbal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Mustafa
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden.
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36
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Advanced analysis of nutraceuticals. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:758-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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37
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Lindquist E, Yang Y. Degradation of benzoic acid and its derivatives in subcritical water. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 08/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Kim WJ, Veriansyah B, Lee YW, Kim J, Kim JD. Extraction of mangiferin from Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) using subcritical water. J IND ENG CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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40
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Teo CC, Tan SN, Yong JWH, Hew CS, Ong ES. Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE). J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:2484-94. [PMID: 20060531 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) has become a popular green extraction method for different classes of compounds present in numerous kinds of matrices such as environmental, food and botanical samples. PHWE is also used in sample preparation to extract organic contaminants from foodstuff for food safety analysis and soils/sediments for environmental monitoring purposes. The main parameters which influence its extraction efficiency are namely the temperature, extraction time, flow rates and addition of modifiers/additives. Among these different parameters studied, temperature is described as the most important one. It is reported that the extraction of certain compounds is rather dependent on pressurized water with different applied temperature. Thus, the stability and reduced solubilities of certain compounds at elevated temperatures are highlighted in this review. With some modifications, a scaled-up PHWE could extract a higher amount of desirable compounds from solid and powdered samples such as plant and food materials. The PHWE extracts from plants are rich in chemical compounds or metabolites which can be a potential lead for drug discovery or development of disease-resistant food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Chye Teo
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
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