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Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of a Molecular Library of Immunomodulatory α-Galactosylceramides with Fluorous-Tag-Assisted Purification and Evaluation of Their Bioactivities in Regard to IL-2 Secretion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113403. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural variants of α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) that stimulate invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells constitute an emerging class of immunomodulatory agents in development for numerous biological applications. Variations in lipid chain length and/or fatty acids in these glycoceramides selectively trigger specific pro-inflammatory responses. Studies that would link a specific function to a structurally distinct α-GalCer rely heavily on the availability of homogeneous and pure materials. To address this need, we report herein a general route to the diversification of the ceramide portion of α-GalCer glycolipids. Our convergent synthesis commences from common building blocks and relies on the Julia–Kocienski olefination as a key step. A cleavable fluorous tag is introduced at the non-reducing end of the sugar that facilitates quick purification of products by standard fluorous solid-phase extraction. The strategy enabled the rapid generation of a focused library of 61 α-GalCer analogs by efficiently assembling various lipids and fatty acids. Furthermore, when compared against parent α-GalCer in murine cells, many of these glycolipid variants were found to have iNKT cell stimulating activity similar to or greater than KRN7000. ELISA assaying indicated that glycolipids carrying short fatty N-acyl chains (1fc and 1ga), an unsubstituted (1fh and 1fi) or CF3-substituted phenyl ring at the lipid tail, and a flexible, shorter fatty acyl chain with an aromatic ring (1ge, 1gf, and 1gg) strongly affected the activation of iNKT cells by the glycolipid-loaded antigen-presenting molecule, CD1d. This indicates that the method may benefit the design of structural modifications to potent iNKT cell-binding glycolipids.
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Romanò C, Clausen MH. Chemical Biology of αGalCer: a Chemist’s Toolbox for the Stimulation of Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) Cells. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Romanò
- Technical University of Denmark: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Department of Chemisty Kemitorvet 207 2800 Kgs. Lyngby DENMARK
| | - Mads Hartvig Clausen
- Technical University of Denmark Department of Chemistry Kemitorvet, Building 201 2800 Kgs. Lyngby DENMARK
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Enantioselective synthesis of guggultetrol and d-ribo-phytosphingosine tetraacetate via l-proline catalyzed sequential α-aminooxylation/Horner–Wardsworth–Emmons olefination–Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation strategy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yamamoto T, Aoki K, Sugiyama A, Doi H, Kodama T, Shimizu Y, Kanai M. Design and synthesis of biotin analogues reversibly binding with streptavidin. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1071-8. [PMID: 25691069 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Two new biotin analogues, biotin carbonate 5 and biotin carbamate 6, have been synthesized. These molecules were designed to reversibly bind with streptavidin by replacing the hydrogen-bond donor NH group(s) of biotin's cyclic urea moiety with oxygen. Biotin carbonate 5 was synthesized from L-arabinose (7), which furnishes the desired stereochemistry at the 3,4-cis-dihydroxy groups, in 11% overall yield (over 10 steps). Synthesis of biotin carbamate 6 was accomplished from L-cysteine-derived chiral aldehyde 33 in 11% overall yield (over 7 steps). Surface plasmon resonance analysis of water-soluble biotin carbonate analogue 46 and biotin carbamate analogue 47 revealed that KD values of these compounds for binding to streptavidin were 6.7×10(-6) M and 1.7×10(-10) M, respectively. These values were remarkably greater than that of biotin (KD =10(-15) M), and thus indicate the importance of the nitrogen atoms for the strong binding between biotin and streptavidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 (Japan)
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Chang MY, Lin CY, Wu TC, Sun PP. Synthesis ofN-Tosylhomosphinganine andN-Tosylsedridine. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200800063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Devi TJ, Saikia B, Barua NC. A stereocontrolled route to d-ribo-phytosphingosine and sphinganine from an achiral secondary homoallylic alcohol using Sharpless kinetic resolution. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lin HJ, Adak AK, Reddy LVR, Wu SH, Lin CC. Total Synthesis of an Immunomodulatory Phosphoglycolipid from Thermophilic Bacteria. Chemistry 2013; 19:7989-98. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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9
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Shiozaki M, Tashiro T, Koshino H, Shigeura T, Watarai H, Taniguchi M, Mori K. Synthesis and biological activity of hydroxylated analogues of KRN7000 (α-galactosylceramide). Carbohydr Res 2013; 370:46-66. [PMID: 23454137 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
KRN7000 is one of the α-galactosylceramides, which has a 2-hexacosanoylamino-3,4-dihydroxyoctadecyl group. This compound, known as a ligand for the activation of CD1d mediated invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) which release both T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines such as IFNγ and Th2 cytokines such as IL-4, has been anticipated as an antitumor drug, because of its strong secretion of IFNγ. This time, we focused on the hydroxylated analogues of KRN7000 which could be thought of as increasing hydrophilicity and showing bias to Th2 cytokine (IL-4) secretion. Therefore, they may become the drugs for autoimmune diseases for the following reasons: (i) compound OCH, one of the α-galactosylceramide analogues with a shorter sphingosine chain than KRN7000, increases hydrophilicity relative to KRN7000; and (ii) OCH is known to induce much more Th2 cytokines (IL-4) than Th1 cytokines from iNKT cells compared to KRN7000. Naturally, OCH has become one of the candidate drugs for autoimmune diseases. The more hydroxylated derivatives of KRN7000 are anticipated to induce Th2 bias. Therefore, eight analogues with 1-4 excess hydroxyl groups on the lipid chain of KRN7000 were synthesized to examine if they behave in the same way as OCH. As a result, three out of eight compounds biased largely to IL-4 secretion, and their effectiveness for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was examined. It was recognized that two compounds (†)RCAI-147/-160 showed good suppression of EAE symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Shiozaki
- Laboratory for Immune Regulation, Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan.
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Srinivas Rao G, Chandrasekhar B, Venkateswara Rao B. Total synthesis of the acetyl derivatives of lyxo-(2R,3R,4R)-phytosphingosine and (−)-jaspine B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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An efficient synthesis of d-ribo-C18-phytosphingosine and l-arabino-C18-phytosphingosine from d-fructose. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Monrad RN, Madsen R. Modern methods for shortening and extending the carbon chain in carbohydrates at the anomeric center. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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A common strategy for the stereoselective synthesis of anhydrophytosphingosine pachastrissamine (jaspine B) and N,O,O,O-tetra-acetyl d-lyxo-phytosphingosine. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Chang CY. Efficient Synthesis of the C1-C9 Fragment of 7,8-O-Isopropylidene Protected Iriomoteolide 3a Derivative. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201190054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Chang CY. A Short and Efficient Synthesis of a Novel Diarylheptanoid Isolated from Pleuranthodium Racemigerum. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201190026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Srinivas Rao G, Venkateswara Rao B. A common and stereoselective strategy for the synthesis of N,O,O,O-tetra-acetyl d-ribo-(2S,3S,4R)-phytosphingosine and 2-epi-jaspine B. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Roy B, Ferdjani S, Tellier C, Rabiller C. Novel and convergent synthesis of modified glycosphingolipids, galactosyl-5-aza-sphinganines, by a diversity-oriented method. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Martinková M, Gonda J, Pomikalová K, Kožíšek J, Kuchár J. A facile synthesis of D-ribo-C(20)-phytosphingosine and its C2 epimer from D-ribose. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:1728-38. [PMID: 21703597 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthetic route to d-ribo-C(20)-phytosphingosine 31 and its C2 epimer 32 is described. The Overman rearrangement of allylic trichloroacetimidates derived from the known ribose derivative 7 has been used as the key step. The subsequent functional group interconversions in rearranged products 14 and 15 followed by Wittig olefination, Pd/C-mediated reduction and the removal of protecting groups successfully constructed the final molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Martinková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, P.J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova, Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Perali RS, Mandava S, Chunduri VR. An unexpected migration of O-silyl group under Mitsunobu reaction conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Ghosal P, Sharma D, Kumar B, Meena S, Sinha S, Shaw AK. Diastereoselective one-pot Wittig olefination–Michael addition and olefin cross metathesis strategy for total synthesis of cytotoxic natural product (+)-varitriol and its higher analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7372-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06039b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Ghosal P, Kumar V, Shaw AK. A convergent total synthesis of a new antiepileptic ceramide and its triacetyl derivative using olefin cross metathesis. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu Z, Byun HS, Bittman R. Asymmetric synthesis of D-ribo-phytosphingosine from 1-tetradecyne and (4-methoxyphenoxy)acetaldehyde. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4356-64. [PMID: 20527744 PMCID: PMC2892910 DOI: 10.1021/jo100707d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric synthesis of d-ribo-phytosphingosine (1) was achieved by utilizing the ProPhenol (12)-catalyzed alkynylation of unsaturated aldehyde 8 to afford allylic propargylic alcohol (S)-6 followed by asymmetric epoxidation and opening of propargylic epoxy alcohol anti-5 with NaN(3)/NH(4)Cl. Deprotection and reduction of the resulting acyclic azide 3 then gave 1. Alkyne-azide 3 was subjected to an intramolecular click reaction, generating a bicyclic triazole, which was found to have unexpected vicinal coupling constants. Application of the advanced Mosher method verified the configurations of the three contiguous stereogenic centers of 1. An alkynyl azide analogue of 1, which may be useful as a glycosyl acceptor in the synthesis of alpha-galactosylceramide derivatives, was also readily prepared by this route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597
| | - Hoe-Sup Byun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597
| | - Robert Bittman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597
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Sa-ei K, Montgomery J. Diastereoselective Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Couplings of Aminoaldehydes and Alkynylsilanes: Application to the Synthesis of D-erythro-Sphingosine. Tetrahedron 2009; 65:6707-6711. [PMID: 20640041 PMCID: PMC2902792 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of α-aminoaldehydes with silyl alkynes has been developed. The process proceeds with exceptional regiocontrol and diastereoselectivity. A variety of protected serinal derivatives were examined, and Garner aldehyde afforded the highest chemical yields of an easily deprotected coupling product. Use of a C-15 alkyne allowed a direct and efficient synthesis of D-erythro-sphingosine. With this silyl alkyne of interest, coupling reactions were most efficient when trace water was employed with THF as solvent. Using this procedure, D-erythro-sphingosine was prepared by a short sequence, wherein the alkene stereochemistry, C-3 stereocenter, and the C-3-C-4 carbon-carbon bond were all efficiently installed by the key nickel-catalyzed coupling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanicha Sa-ei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055
| | - John Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055
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Cai Y, Ling CC, Bundle DR. Efficient synthesis of D-xylo and D-ribo-phytosphingosines from methyl 2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-hexopyranosides. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:2120-6. [PMID: 19766990 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general and flexible synthetic approach to biologically important 5,6-unsaturated C(18)-phytosphingosines was developed via olefin cross-metathesis employing truncated C(6)-phytosphingosines as the key intermediates. These were efficiently prepared in high yields by zinc-mediated reductive opening of methyl 2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-hexopyranosides. [structure: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cai
- Alberta Ingenuity Center for Carbohydrate Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the Year 2007. Coord Chem Rev 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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26
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Lumini M, Cordero FM, Pisaneschi F, Brandi A. Straightforward Synthesis of α-Substituted Prolines by Cross-Metathesis. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abraham E, Brock EA, Candela-Lena JI, Davies SG, Georgiou M, Nicholson RL, Perkins JH, Roberts PM, Russell AJ, Sánchez-Fernández EM, Scott PM, Smith AD, Thomson JE. Asymmetric synthesis of N,O,O,O-tetra-acetyl d-lyxo-phytosphingosine, jaspine B (pachastrissamine), 2-epi-jaspine B, and deoxoprosophylline via lithium amide conjugate addition. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1665-73. [DOI: 10.1039/b801671b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Goodby JW, Görtz V, Cowling SJ, Mackenzie G, Martin P, Plusquellec D, Benvegnu T, Boullanger P, Lafont D, Queneau Y, Chambert S, Fitremann J. Thermotropic liquid crystalline glycolipids. Chem Soc Rev 2007; 36:1971-2032. [PMID: 17982519 DOI: 10.1039/b708458g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Are the liquid crystalline properties of the materials of living systems important in biological structures, functions, diseases and treatments? There is a growing consciousness that the observed lyotropic, and often thermotropic liquid crystallinity, of many biological materials that possess key biological functionality might be more than curious coincidence. Rather, as the survival of living systems depends on the flexibility and reformability of structures, it seems more likely that it is the combination of softness and structure of the liquid-crystalline state that determines the functionality of biological materials. The richest sources of liquid crystals derived from living systems are found in cell membranes, of these glycolipids are a particularly important class of components. In this critical review, we will examine the relationship between chemical structure and the self-assembling and self-organising properties of glycolipids that ultimately lead to mesophase formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Goodby
- Department of Chemistry, The University of York, York, UK YO10 5DD
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Kumar I, Rode C. l-Proline catalyzed direct diastereoselective aldol reactions: towards the synthesis of lyxo-(2S,3S,4S)-phytosphingosine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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