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Fang F, Zheng H, Mao G, Chen S, Deng GJ. Metal- and Solvent-Free Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[ c]carbazolones through NaI-Catalyzed Formal [4 + 2] Annulation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6052-6063. [PMID: 35470673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy for the preparation of functional carbazoles through NaI-catalyzed formal [4 + 2] annulation of 2-(indol-3-yl)cyclohexanones and alkynes/alkenes has been developed. The present approach started from easily available raw materials and provided a variety of tetrahydrobenzo[c]carbazolones in satisfactory yields under metal- and solvent-free conditions. Furthermore, the products could be further transformed into structurally valuable carbazole-based conjugated derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China.,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, P. R. China
| | - Haolin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Guojiang Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P. R. China
| | - Shanping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P. R. China
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Huang W, Chen S, Yang J, El‐Harairy A, Wang X, Li M, Gu Y. Modular Synthesis of Bicyclic and Tricyclic (Aza‐) Arenes from Nucleophilic (Aza‐)Arenes with Electrophilic Side Arms via [4+2] Annulation Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Huang
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Shaomin Chen
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yang
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Ahmed El‐Harairy
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Minghao Li
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, LanzhouInstitute of Chemical Physics Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
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Kawada Y, Ohmura S, Kobayashi M, Nojo W, Kondo M, Matsuda Y, Matsuoka J, Inuki S, Oishi S, Wang C, Saito T, Uchiyama M, Suzuki T, Ohno H. Direct synthesis of aryl-annulated [ c]carbazoles by gold(i)-catalysed cascade reaction of azide-diynes and arenes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8416-8425. [PMID: 30542591 PMCID: PMC6244455 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03525c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gold-catalysed annulation of conjugated alkynes bearing an azido group with arenes gave annulated [c]carbazoles. Using benzene, pyrrole, and indole derivatives as the nucleophiles, benzo[c]-, pyrrolo[2,3-c]-, and indolo[2,3-c]carbazoles were produced, respectively. The reaction proceeded through pyrrole and benzene ring construction accompanied by the formation of two carbon-carbon and one carbon-nitrogen bond and the cleavage of two aromatic C-H bonds. The mechanism of the reaction with pyrrole was investigated by density functional theory calculations. N,N'-dimethylated indolo[2,3-c]carbazole showed dual ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared and fluorescence spectral changes upon electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuiki Kawada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Shunsuke Ohmura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Misaki Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Wataru Nojo
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Masaki Kondo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR) , Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Yuka Matsuda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Junpei Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
| | - Chao Wang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR) , Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Tatsuo Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR) , Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan .
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