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Asymmetric synthesis of syn-aryl-(2S,3R)-2-chloro-3-hydroxy esters via an engineered ketoreductase-catalyzed dynamic reductive kinetic resolution. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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2
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Yue X, Li Y, Liu M, Sang D, Huang Z, Chen F. Biocatalytic dynamic reductive kinetic resolution of aryl α-chloro β-keto esters: divergent, stereocontrolled synthesis of diltiazem, clentiazem, and siratiazem. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9010-9013. [PMID: 35866670 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03102g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first systematic study of ketoreductase (KRED)-catalyzed dynamic reductive kinetic resolution (DYRKR) on aryl α-chloro β-keto esters was performed, and 15 structurally diverse chiral anti-aryl α-chloro β-hydroxy esters were synthesized in 74-98% isolated yields, along with moderate-to-excellent diastereoselectivity (up to >99 : 1 dr) and good-to-excellent enantioselectivity (mostly >99% ee). LfSDR1-catalyzed complete reduction of 100 g L-1 of substrate 6b at a ten-gram scale was achieved with a continuous fed-batch strategy, affording anti-(2S,3S)-1b, the key intermediate of diltiazem, in a record-breaking space-time yield of 96 g L-1 d-1. An eight-step synthesis of diltiazem, clentiazem, and siratiazem was accomplished in 32-45% overall yields, featuring this versatile biocatalytic reduction reaction as well as an efficient, green chlorination reaction in flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yue
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Yitong Li
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Minjie Liu
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Di Sang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zedu Huang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Fener Chen
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China. .,Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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3
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Zhang HL, Zhang C, Pei CH, Han MN, Li W. Enantioselective synthesis of enantiopure chiral alcohols using carbonyl reductases screened from Yarrowia lipolytica. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:127-137. [PMID: 30291666 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to explore Yarrowia lipolytica carbonyl reductases as effective biocatalysts and to develop efficient asymmetric reduction systems for chiral alcohol synthesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Yarrowia lipolytica carbonyl reductase genes were obtained via homologous sequence amplification strategy. Two carbonyl reductases, YaCRI and YaCRII, were identified and characterized, and used to catalyse the conversion of 2-hydroxyacetophenone (2-HAP) to optically pure (S)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol. Enzymatic assays revealed that YaCRI and YaCRII exhibited specific activities of 6·96 U mg-1 (99·8% e.e.) and 7·85 U mg-1 (99·9% e.e.), respectively, and showed moderate heat resistance at 40-50°C and acid tolerance at pH 5·0-6·0. An efficient whole-cell two-phase system was established using reductase-expressing recombinant Escherichia coli. The conversion of 2-HAP (20·0 g l-1 ) conversion with the solvent of dibutyl phthalate was approximately 70-fold higher than in water. Furthermore, the two recombinant E. coli displayed biocatalyst activity and enantioselectivity towards several different carbonyl compounds, and E. coli BL21 (DE3)/pET-28a-yacrII showed a broad substrate spectrum. CONCLUSIONS A new whole-cell recombinant E. coli-based bioreduction system for enantiopure alcohol synthesis with high enantioselectivity at high substrate concentrations was developed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We proposed a promising approach for the efficient preparation of enantiopure chiral alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-L Zhang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - C Zhang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - C-H Pei
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - M-N Han
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - W Li
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Facchetti G, Bucci R, Fusè M, Rimoldi I. Asymmetric Hydrogenation vs
Transfer Hydrogenation in the Reduction of Cyclic Imines. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Facchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche; Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19; 10033 Milano Italia
| | - Raffaella Bucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche; Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19; 10033 Milano Italia
| | - Marco Fusè
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7; 56126 Pisa Italia
| | - Isabella Rimoldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche; Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19; 10033 Milano Italia
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Gandolfi R, Facchetti G, Christodoulou MS, Fusè M, Meneghetti F, Rimoldi I. Cascade Reaction by Chemo- and Biocatalytic Approaches to Obtain Chiral Hydroxy Ketones and anti 1,3-Diols. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:393-400. [PMID: 29872614 PMCID: PMC5974551 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A chemo- and biocatalytic cascade approach was applied for the stereoselective synthesis of hydroxy ketones and the corresponding 1,3-diols. A new class of tridentate N,N,O ligands was used with copper(II) complexes for the asymmetric β-borylation of α,β-unsaturated compounds. The complex containing ligand L5 emerged as the best performer, and it gave the organoborane derivatives with good ee values. The corresponding keto-alcohol compounds were then bioreduced by yeasts. The biotransformation set up with Rhodotorula rubra allowed (R)-keto-alcohols and (S,S)-diols to be obtained with up to 99 % ee and up to 99 % de in favor of the anti enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Gandolfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Venezian 2120133MilanoItalia
| | - Giorgio Facchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Venezian 2120133MilanoItalia
| | - Michael S. Christodoulou
- Dipartimento di Scienze FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Venezian 2120133MilanoItalia
| | - Marco Fusè
- Scuola Normale SuperiorePiazza dei Cavalieri 756126PisaItalia
| | - Fiorella Meneghetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Venezian 2120133MilanoItalia
| | - Isabella Rimoldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Venezian 2120133MilanoItalia
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6
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Dai X, Weng G, Yu S, Chen H, Zhang J, Cheng S, Xu X, Yuan W, Wang Z, Zhang X. One-pot diastereo- and enantioselective hydrosilylation–transacylation of α-acyloxy β-enamino esters. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00602d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric hydrosilylation–transacylation of α-acyloxy β-enamino esters provided various α-hydroxyl-β-acylamido esters in good yields with good diastereoselectivities and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Dai
- Xihua University
- China
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | | | - Shuowen Yu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Shaobing Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Weicheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu
- China
| | | | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Xihua University
- China
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan Province
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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7
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Facchetti G, Rimoldi I. 8-Amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline in iridium(iii) biotinylated Cp* complex as artificial imine reductase. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04558e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The imine reductase formed by the (R)-CAMPY ligand bound to the S112M Sav mutant showed an 83% ee in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of 6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Facchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 10033 Milano
- Italy
| | - Isabella Rimoldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 10033 Milano
- Italy
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8
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Antineoplastic Drug Loading and Delivery. MEDICINES 2017; 4:medicines4040087. [PMID: 29168760 PMCID: PMC5750611 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are a population of undifferentiated multipotent adult cells possessing extensive self-renewal properties and the potential to differentiate into a variety of mesenchymal lineage cells. They express broad anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity on the immune system and after transplantation can interact with the surrounding microenvironment, promoting tissue healing and regeneration. For this reason, mesenchymal stromal cells have been widely used in regenerative medicine, both in preclinical and clinical settings. Another clinical application of mesenchymal stromal cells is the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to neoplastic cells, maximizing the cytotoxic activity against cancer cells and minimizing collateral damage to non-neoplastic tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells are home to the stroma of several primary and metastatic neoplasms and hence can be used as vectors for targeted delivery of antineoplastic drugs to the tumour microenvironment, thereby reducing systemic toxicity and maximizing antitumour effects. Paclitaxel and gemcitabine are the chemotherapeutic drugs best loaded by mesenchymal stromal cells and delivered to neoplastic cells, whereas other agents, like pemetrexed, are not internalized by mesenchymal stromal cells and therefore are not suitable for advanced antineoplastic therapy. This review focuses on the state of the art of advanced antineoplastic cell therapy and its future perspectives, emphasizing in vitro and in vivo preclinical results and future clinical applications.
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Wilding B, Veselá AB, Perry JJB, Black GW, Zhang M, Martínková L, Klempier N. An investigation of nitrile transforming enzymes in the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of the taxol sidechain. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:7803-12. [PMID: 26107443 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01191d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (taxol) is an antimicrotubule agent widely used in the treatment of cancer. Taxol is prepared in a semisynthetic route by coupling the N-benzoyl-(2R,3S)-3-phenylisoserine sidechain to the baccatin III core structure. Precursors of the taxol sidechain have previously been prepared in chemoenzymatic approaches using acylases, lipases, and reductases, mostly featuring the enantioselective, enzymatic step early in the reaction pathway. Here, nitrile hydrolysing enzymes, namely nitrile hydratases and nitrilases, are investigated for the enzymatic hydrolysis of two different sidechain precursors. Both sidechain precursors, an openchain α-hydroxy-β-amino nitrile and a cyanodihydrooxazole, are suitable for coupling to baccatin III directly after the enzymatic step. An extensive set of nitrilases and nitrile hydratases was screened towards their activity and selectivity in the hydrolysis of two taxol sidechain precursors and their epimers. A number of nitrilases and nitrile hydratases converted both sidechain precursors and their epimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Wilding
- acib GmbH (Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology), c/o Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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10
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Recent Advances in Lipase-Mediated Preparation of Pharmaceuticals and Their Intermediates. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:29682-716. [PMID: 26690428 PMCID: PMC4691134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biocatalysis offers an alternative approach to conventional chemical processes for the production of single-isomer chiral drugs. Lipases are one of the most used enzymes in the synthesis of enantiomerically pure intermediates. The use of this type of enzyme is mainly due to the characteristics of their regio-, chemo- and enantioselectivity in the resolution process of racemates, without the use of cofactors. Moreover, this class of enzymes has generally excellent stability in the presence of organic solvents, facilitating the solubility of the organic substrate to be modified. Further improvements and new applications have been achieved in the syntheses of biologically active compounds catalyzed by lipases. This review critically reports and discusses examples from recent literature (2007 to mid-2015), concerning the synthesis of enantiomerically pure active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their intermediates in which the key step involves the action of a lipase.
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11
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Contente ML, Serra I, Brambilla M, Eberini I, Gianazza E, De Vitis V, Molinari F, Zambelli P, Romano D. Stereoselective reduction of aromatic ketones by a new ketoreductase from Pichia glucozyma. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:193-201. [PMID: 26377422 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A new NADPH-dependent benzil reductase (KRED1-Pglu) was identified from the genome of the non-conventional yeast Pichia glucozyma CBS 5766 and overexpressed in E. coli. The new protein was characterised and reaction parameters were optimised for the enantioselective reduction of benzil to (S)-benzoin. A thorough study of the substrate range of KRED1-Pglu was conducted; in contrast to most other known ketoreductases, KRED1-Pglu prefers space-demanding substrates, which are often converted with high stereoselectivity. A molecular modelling study was carried out for understanding the structural determinants involved in the stereorecognition experimentally observed and unpredictable on the basis of steric properties of the substrates. As a result, a new useful catalyst was identified, enabling the enantioselective preparation of different aromatic alcohols and hydroxyketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Letizia Contente
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Immacolata Serra
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Brambilla
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gianazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Valerio De Vitis
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Molinari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Zambelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Diego Romano
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Forró E, Galla Z, Nádasdi Z, Árva J, Fülöp F. Novel chemo-enzymatic route to a key intermediate for the taxol side-chain through enantioselective O-acylation. Unexpected acyl migration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Contente ML, Zambelli P, Galafassi S, Tamborini L, Pinto A, Conti P, Molinari F, Romano D. A new chemoenzymatic approach to the synthesis of Latanoprost and Bimatoprost. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Biotransformation of aromatic ketones and ketoesters with the non-conventional yeast Pichia glucozyma. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.10.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Facchetti G, Cesarotti E, Pellizzoni M, Zerla D, Rimoldi I. “In situ” Activation of Racemic RuII Complexes: Separation of trans and cis Species and Their Application in Asymmetric Reduction. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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