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Fang X, Chen X, Wang Q, Yang YF, She YB. Understanding the structures and aromaticity of heteroporphyrins with computations. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4415-4422. [PMID: 32463054 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00656d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heteroporphyrins are porphyrin derivatives with replacement of the pyrrolic NH moiety by other heteroatom-containing groups, such as PH, AsH, SiH2, O, S, etc. For all studied heteroporphyrins, the macrocycle structure is distorted due to the presence of large heteroatoms. The HOMO-LUMO gap of heteroporphyrins is generally decreased compared to regular porphyrins. Both nucleus independent chemical shifts values and visualized anisotropy of induced current density were computed to describe the aromaticity of heteroporphyrins. The plots of anisotropy of induced current density suggest that the ring current diverged into an outer and an inner pathway at each ring. The current mainly passes through the outer path at the pyrrolic rings with inner hydrogen and through the inner path at the pyrrolic rings without inner hydrogen. In both regular porphyrin and O-substituted heteroporphyrins, the aromatic pathway is mainly contributed by the 22π-electron aromatic route model. Heteroatoms such as PH, AsH, S, Se and Te have little contribution to the aromaticity of heteroporphyrins. In addition, the π conjugation is also interrupted at the CH2 and SiH2 moiety, and the ring current mainly passes through the outer path of the heteroporphyrins with CH2 and SiH2 replacing the pyrrolic NH moiety. Therefore the 18π-[18]annulene model is dominated in PH-, AsH-, S-, Se-, Te-, CH2- and SiH2-substituted heteroporphyrins. These computational studies shed new light on the aromatic characters of heteroporphyrins, and will facilitate the further development of various novel heteroporphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Xiahe Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Qunmin Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Yun-Fang Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Yuan-Bin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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Menéndez MI, López R, Yañez M, Cárdenas-Jirón G. Tautomerization mechanism and spectral properties of porphyrin–glucose complexes as models of antibacterial material. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Makarov NS, Drobizhev M, Wicks G, Makarova EA, Lukyanets EA, Rebane A. Alternative selection rules for one- and two-photon transitions in tribenzotetraazachlorin: quasi-centrosymmetrical π-conjugation pathway of formally non-centrosymmetrical molecule. J Chem Phys 2014; 138:214314. [PMID: 23758378 DOI: 10.1063/1.4807594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We compare the two-photon absorption (2PA) spectra of non-centrosymmetrical metal-free tribenzo-tetraazachlorin (H2TBTAC) and analogous symmetrical tetra-tert-butyl-phthalocyanine (H2TtBuPc). Surprisingly, despite formal lack of center of inversion, the 2PA spectrum of H2TBTAC displays a two-photon allowed transition at 935 nm, similar to gerade-gerade (g-g) transitions observed in H2TtBuPc and in other symmetrical phthalocyanines. This transition is even better resolved in the singlet-singlet excited-state absorption spectrum. We tentatively explain the survival of the g-g transition in H2TBTAC by assuming that the main π-electron conjugation pathway in the tetraaza-substituted tetrapyrrole macrocycle bypasses the outer parts of the two oppositely located isoindole rings and thus renders the optically responsive core of the chromophore quasi-centrosymmetrical. By using the independently measured ground- and excited-state absorption extinction coefficients, we also show that the two-photon absorptivity can be quantitatively explained by a simple three-level model with the lowest energy Q1 state serving as an intermediate level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay S Makarov
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
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AbuSalim DI, Lash TD. Relative Stability and Diatropic Character of Carbaporphyrin, Dicarbaporphyrin, Tricarbaporphyrin, and Quatyrin Tautomers. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11535-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4021198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deyaa I. AbuSalim
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160
| | - Timothy D. Lash
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160
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Therese Bergendahl L, Paterson MJ. Two-photon absorption in porphycenic macrocycles: the effect of tuning the core aromatic electronic structure. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:1544-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14332h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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A theoretical investigation on the spectroscopic properties and photosensitizing capability of 5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenylsapphyrin and 5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenyl-26,28-diheterosapphyrins with two O, S, or Se Atoms. Theor Chem Acc 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-010-0735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cárdenas-Jirón GI, Venegas C, López R, Menéndez MI. Theoretical Insight into Pyrrole Inversion and Planarity in 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylsapphyrin and 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenyl-26,28-Diheterosapphyrins with Two O, S, or Se Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:8100-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp801368c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Inés Cárdenas-Jirón
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile, and Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos Venegas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile, and Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile, and Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - M. Isabel Menéndez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile, and Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
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