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Islam MM, Gaska I, Oshinowo O, Otumala A, Shekhar S, Au Yong N, Myers DR. Single-pericyte nanomechanics measured by contraction cytometry. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:036109. [PMID: 39131206 PMCID: PMC11316606 DOI: 10.1063/5.0213761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pericytes line the microvasculature throughout the body and play a key role in regulating blood flow by constricting and dilating vessels. However, the biophysical mechanisms through which pericytes transduce microenvironmental chemical and mechanical cues to mediate vessel diameter, thereby impacting oxygen and nutrient delivery, remain largely unknown. This knowledge gap is clinically relevant as numerous diseases are associated with the aberrant contraction of pericytes, which are unusually susceptible to injury. Here, we report the development of a high-throughput hydrogel-based pericyte contraction cytometer that quantifies single-cell contraction forces from murine and human pericytes in different microvascular microenvironments and in the presence of competing vasoconstricting and vasodilating stimuli. We further show that murine pericyte survival in hypoxia is mediated by the mechanical microenvironment and that, paradoxically, pre-treating pericytes to reduce contraction increases hypoxic cell death. Moreover, using the contraction cytometer as a drug-screening tool, we found that cofilin-1 could be applied extracellularly to release murine pericytes from hypoxia-induced contractile rigor mortis and, therefore, may represent a novel approach for mitigating the long-lasting decrease in blood flow that occurs after hypoxic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignas Gaska
- Departments of Physics, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | | | | | - Shashank Shekhar
- Departments of Physics, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | | | - David R. Myers
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.: 404-727-0401
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Ding H, Jiang M, Chan AM, Xia Y, Ma RCW, Yao X, Wang L, Huang Y. Targeting the tyrosine kinase Src in endothelium attenuates inflammation and atherogenesis induced by disturbed flow. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 39117589 DOI: 10.1111/bph.17307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that Src can regulate inflammation and tumour progression. However, the mechanisms by which Src regulates the inflammatory response of vascular endothelium and atherogenesis are currently poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of Src in endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of inflammatory genes. The phosphorylation and localization of proteins were examined using western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. The level of p-Src Y416 in mouse endothelium was directly determined using en face staining. Endothelial-specific knockdown of Src was achieved by tail vein injection of AAV-sgSrc in ApoE-/-; Cas9LSL/LSL; Cdh5-cre mice. Atherosclerosis was induced by partial ligation of the carotid artery. KEY RESULTS Oscillatory shear stress (OSS) promotes the phosphorylation of Src at Y416 in endothelial cells, and Piezo1 is required for this regulatory process. Overexpression of constitutively active Src promotes endothelial inflammation, as well as phosphorylation of Stat3 (at Y705) and its nuclear translocation. Endothelial inflammation induced by OSS was abolished by the Src inhibitor dasatinib or si-Src. Dasatinib, when administered orally, reduced endothelial inflammation and plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice induced by partial carotid artery ligation. Additionally, plaque formation was decreased in the ligated left carotid artery of mice with endothelial-specific Src knockdown. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Disturbed flow promotes endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis through the Piezo1-Src-Stat3 pathway. Therefore, inhibiting Src in endothelial cells could be a promising therapeutic strategy to treat atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Ding
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minchun Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrew M Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Chu X, Zhang J, Li Y, Yuan K, Wang X, Gui X, Sun Y, Geng C, Ju W, Xu M, Li Z, Zeng L, Xu K, Qiao J. Dimethyl fumarate possesses antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110381. [PMID: 37245302 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a methyl ester of fumaric acid and has been approved for treating multiple sclerosis (MS) and psoriasis due to anti-inflammatory effect. There is a close association between platelets and the pathogenesis of MS. Whether DMF affects platelet function remains unclear. Our study intends to evaluate DMF's effect on platelet function. METHODS Washed human platelets were treated with different concentrations of DMF (0, 50, 100 and 200 μM) at 37 °C for 1 h followed by analysis of platelet aggregation, granules release, receptors expression, spreading and clot retraction. In addition, mice received intraperitoneal injection of DMF (15 mg/kg) to assess tail bleeding time, arterial and venous thrombosis. RESULTS DMF significantly inhibited platelet aggregation and the release of dense/alpha granules in response to collagen-related peptide (CRP) or thrombin stimulation dose-dependently without altering the expression of platelet receptors αIIbβ3, GPIbα, and GPVI. In addition, DMF-treated platelets presented significantly reduced spreading on collagen or fibrinogen and thrombin-mediated clot retraction along with the decreased phosphorylation of c-Src and PLCγ2. Moreover, administration of DMF into mice significantly prolonged the tail bleeding time and impaired arterial and venous thrombus formation. Furthermore, DMF reduced the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and calcium mobilization, and inhibited NF-κB activation and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and AKT. CONCLUSION DMF inhibits platelet function and arterial/venous thrombus formation. Considering the presence of thrombotic events in MS, our study indicates that DMF treatment for patients with MS might obtain both anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ke Yuan
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gui
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Sun
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chaonan Geng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengdi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China.
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Gui X, Chu X, Du Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Ding Y, Tong H, Xu M, Li Y, Ju W, Sun Z, Li Z, Zeng L, Xu K, Qiao J. Impaired Platelet Function and Thrombus Formation in PDE5A-Deficient Mice. Thromb Haemost 2023; 123:207-218. [PMID: 36252813 DOI: 10.1055/a-1962-1613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) inhibits platelet function. Platelet cGMP levels are controlled by phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A)-mediated degradation. However, the exact role of PDE5A in platelet function and thrombus formation remains poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the role of PDE5A in platelet activation and function. Platelets were isolated from wild type or PDE5A-/- mice to measure platelet aggregation, activation, phosphatidylserine exposure (annexin-V binding), reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, platelet spreading as well as clot retraction. Cytosolic calcium mobilization was measured using Fluo-4 AM by a microplate reader. Western blot was used to measure the phosphorylation of VASP, ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and AKT. FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis and venous thrombosis were assessed to evaluate the in vivo hemostatic function and thrombus formation. Additionally, in vitro thrombus formation was assessed in a microfluidic whole-blood perfusion assay. PDE5A-deficient mice presented significantly prolonged tail bleeding time and delayed arterial and venous thrombus formation. PDE5A deficiency significantly inhibited platelet aggregation, ATP release, P-selectin expression, and integrin aIIbb3 activation. In addition, an impaired spreading on collagen or fibrinogen and clot retraction was observed in PDE5A-deficient platelets. Moreover, PDE5A deficiency reduced phosphatidylserine exposure, calcium mobilization, ROS production, and increased intracellular cGMP level along with elevated VASP phosphorylation and reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and AKT. In conclusion, PDE5A modulates platelet activation and function and thrombus formation, indicating that therapeutically targeting it might be beneficial for the treatment of thrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gui
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Chu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Du
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sixuan Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Tong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengdi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengtian Sun
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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5
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Yadav P, Beura SK, Panigrahi AR, Singh SK. Quantification and optimization of clot retraction in washed human platelets by Sonoclot coagulation analysis. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 44:177-185. [PMID: 34609044 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clot retraction is a pivotal process for haemostasis, where platelets develop a contractile force in fibrin meshwork and lead to the increased rigidity of clot. The pathophysiological alteration in contractile forces generated by the platelet-fibrin meshwork can lead to haemostatic disorders. Regardless of its utter significance, clot retraction remains a limited understood process owing to lack of quantification methodology. Sonoclot analysis is a point-of-care technique used in clinical laboratories for whole blood analysis that provides in vitro qualitative as well as quantitative assessment of coagulation process from initial fibrin formation to clot retraction. METHODS Human washed platelets were isolated by differential centrifugation method and analysed via optical imaging, microscopy and Sonoclot analysis using 1-2 × 108 /mL of washed platelets, 1 U/mL of thrombin, 1 mg/mL of fibrinogen and 1 mM of calcium chloride. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate the novelty of this instrument in the quantitative evaluation of clot retraction in washed platelets and attempted to optimize the reference range of Sonoclot parameters including ACT - 87.3 ± 20.997, CR - 16.23 ± 3.538 and PF - 3.57 ± 0.629, (n = 10). DISCUSSION Sonoclot analysis provides a simple and quantitative method to better understand in vitro clot retraction and its modulation by retraction components including platelet count, fibrinogen and platelet-fibrin interaction compared with existing conventional methods. Sonoclot may prove to be a valuable tool in thrombus biology research to understand fundamental basis of blood clot retraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Samir K Beura
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Abhishek R Panigrahi
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sunil K Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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6
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Alatawi KA, Ravishankar D, Patra PH, Bye AP, Stainer AR, Patel K, Widera D, Vaiyapuri S. 1,8-Cineole Affects Agonists-Induced Platelet Activation, Thrombus Formation and Haemostasis. Cells 2021; 10:2616. [PMID: 34685597 PMCID: PMC8533741 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
1,8-cineole, a monoterpenoid is a major component of eucalyptus oil and has been proven to possess numerous beneficial effects in humans. Notably, 1,8-cineole is the primary active ingredient of a clinically approved drug, Soledum® which is being mainly used for the maintenance of sinus and respiratory health. Due to its clinically valuable properties, 1,8-cineole has gained significant scientific interest over the recent years specifically to investigate its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the impact of 1,8-cineole on the modulation of platelet activation, thrombosis and haemostasis was not fully established. Therefore, in this study, we demonstrate the effects of 1,8-cineole on agonists-induced platelet activation, thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions and haemostasis in mice. 1,8-cineole largely inhibits platelet activation stimulated by glycoprotein VI (GPVI) agonists such as collagen and cross-linked collagen-related peptide (CRP-XL), while it displays minimal inhibitory effects on thrombin or ADP-induced platelet aggregation. It inhibited inside-out signalling to integrin αIIbβ3 and outside-in signalling triggered by the same integrin as well as granule secretion and intracellular calcium mobilisation in platelets. 1,8-cineole affected thrombus formation on collagen-coated surface under arterial flow conditions and displayed a minimal effect on haemostasis of mice at a lower concentration of 6.25 µM. Notably, 1,8-cineole was found to be non-toxic to platelets up to 50 µM concentration. The investigation on the molecular mechanisms through which 1,8-cineole inhibits platelet function suggests that this compound affects signalling mediated by various molecules such as AKT, Syk, LAT, and cAMP in platelets. Based on these results, we conclude that 1,8-cineole may act as a potential therapeutic agent to control unwarranted platelet reactivity under various pathophysiological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahdr A. Alatawi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
| | - Divyashree Ravishankar
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
| | - Pabitra H. Patra
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
| | - Alexander P. Bye
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (A.P.B.); (A.R.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Alexander R. Stainer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (A.P.B.); (A.R.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (A.P.B.); (A.R.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Darius Widera
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
| | - Sakthivel Vaiyapuri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UB, UK; (K.A.A.); (D.R.); (P.H.P.); (D.W.)
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7
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Jansen EE, Hartmann M. Clot Retraction: Cellular Mechanisms and Inhibitors, Measuring Methods, and Clinical Implications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1064. [PMID: 34440268 PMCID: PMC8394358 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have important functions in hemostasis. Best investigated is the aggregation of platelets for primary hemostasis and their role as the surface for coagulation leading to fibrin- and clot-formation. Importantly, the function of platelets does not end with clot formation. Instead, platelets are responsible for clot retraction through the concerted action of the activated αIIbβ3 receptors on the surface of filopodia and the platelet's contractile apparatus binding and pulling at the fibrin strands. Meanwhile, the signal transduction events leading to clot retraction have been investigated thoroughly, and several targets to inhibit clot retraction have been demonstrated. Clot retraction is a physiologically important mechanism allowing: (1) the close contact of platelets in primary hemostasis, easing platelet aggregation and intercellular communication, (2) the reduction of wound size, (3) the compaction of red blood cells to a polyhedrocyte infection-barrier, and (4) reperfusion in case of thrombosis. Several methods have been developed to measure clot retraction that have been based on either the measurement of clot volume or platelet forces. Concerning the importance of clot retraction in inborn diseases, the failure of clot retraction in Glanzmann thrombasthenia is characterized by a bleeding phenotype. Concerning acquired diseases, altered clot retraction has been demonstrated in patients with coronary heart disease, stroke, bronchial asthma, uremia, lupus erythematodes, and other diseases. However, more studies on the diagnostic and prognostic value of clot retraction with methods that have to be standardized are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E. Jansen
- Clinic for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Matthias Hartmann
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
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8
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Zhang S, Gui X, Ding Y, Tong H, Ju W, Li Y, Li Z, Zeng L, Xu K, Qiao J. Matrine Impairs Platelet Function and Thrombosis and Inhibits ROS Production. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:717725. [PMID: 34366869 PMCID: PMC8339414 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.717725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine is a naturally occurring alkaloid and possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties, such as anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects. However, whether it affects platelet function and thrombosis remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effect of matrine on platelet function and thrombus formation. Human platelets were treated with matrine (0–1 mg/ml) for 1 h at 37°C followed by measuring platelet aggregation, granule secretion, receptor expression by flow cytometry, spreading and clot retraction. In addition, matrine (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into mice to measure tail bleeding time, arterial and venous thrombus formation. Matrine dose-dependently inhibited platelet aggregation and ATP release in response to either collagen-related peptide (Collagen-related peptide, 0.1 μg/ml) or thrombin (0.04 U/mL) stimulation without altering the expression of P-selectin, glycoprotein Ibα, GPVI, or αIIbβ3. In addition, matrine-treated platelets presented significantly decreased spreading on fibrinogen or collagen and clot retraction along with reduced phosphorylation of c-Src. Moreover, matrine administration significantly impaired the in vivo hemostatic function of platelets, arterial and venous thrombus formation. Furthermore, in platelets stimulated with CRP or thrombin, matrine significantly reduced Reactive oxygen species generation, inhibited the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), p38 (Thr180/Tyr182) and AKT (Thr308/Ser473) as well as increased VASP phosphorylation (Ser239) and intracellular cGMP level. In conclusion, matrine inhibits platelet function, arterial and venous thrombosis, possibly involving inhibition of ROS generation, suggesting that matrine might be used as an antiplatelet agent for treating thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixuan Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gui
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huan Tong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China.,School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
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9
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Kim TI, Kim YJ, Kim K. Extract of Seaweed Codium fragile Inhibits Integrin αIIbβ3-Induced Outside-in Signaling and Arterial Thrombosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:685948. [PMID: 34276375 PMCID: PMC8283197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.685948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are thought to be promising candidates for functional foods and to help prevent thrombotic and related cardiovascular diseases. Codium fragile (Suringer) Hariot has been traditionally used as a culinary ingredient, and it possesses a range of biological activities, including the inhibition of platelet function. However, the mechanism of this inhibition is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the inhibitory effect of C. fragile in platelet function. The antiplatelet activity of C. fragile on agonist-activated platelet aggregation, granule secretion, calcium mobilization, platelet spreading, and clot retraction was assessed. The phosphorylation of c-Src, Syk, PLCγ2, and several proteins involving in the αIIbβ3 integrin outside-in signaling pathway were also studied in thrombin and CRP-stimulated platelets. The antithrombotic effect was investigated in mice using ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombus formation in vivo. Transection tail bleeding time was used to evaluate whether C. fragile inhibited primary hemostasis. The main components and contents of C. fragile ethanol extract were confirmed by GC-MS analysis. C. fragile significantly impaired agonist-induced platelet aggregation granule secretion, calcium mobilization, platelet spreading, and clot retraction. Biochemical analysis revealed that C. fragile inhibited the agonist-induced activation of c-Src, Syk, and PLCγ2, as well as the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The inhibitory effect of C. fragile resulted from an inhibition of platelet αIIbβ3 integrin outside-in signal transduction during cell activation. Oral administration of C. fragile efficiently blocked FeCl3-induced arterial thrombus formation in vivo without prolonging bleeding time. GC-MS analysis revealed that phytol was the main constituent and the total content of isomers was 160.8 mg/kg. Our results demonstrated that C. fragile suppresses not only the inside-out signaling of αIIbβ3 integrin but also outside-in signal transmission. Therefore, C. fragile could be an effective antiplatelet therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae In Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyungho Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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10
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In Vitro Antiplatelet Activity of Mulberroside C through the Up-Regulation of Cyclic Nucleotide Signaling Pathways and Down-Regulation of Phosphoproteins. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071024. [PMID: 34209363 PMCID: PMC8305937 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological agonists trigger signaling cascades, called "inside-out signaling", and activated platelets facilitate adhesion, shape change, granule release, and structural change of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (αIIb/β3). Activated αIIb/β3 interacts with fibrinogen and begins second signaling cascades called "outside-in signaling". These two signaling pathways can lead to hemostasis or thrombosis. Thrombosis can occur in arterial and venous blood vessels and is a major medical problem. Platelet-mediated thrombosis is a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, controlling platelet activity is important for platelet-mediated thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, focus on Morus Alba Linn, a popular medicinal plant, to inhibit the function of platelets and found the containing component mulberroside C. We examine the effect of mulberroside C on the regulation of phosphoproteins, platelet-activating factors, and binding molecules. Agonist-induced human platelet aggregation is dose-dependently inhibited by mulberroside C without cytotoxicity, and it decreased Ca2+ mobilization and p-selectin expression through the upregulation of inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor I (Ser1756), and downregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In addition, mulberroside C inhibited thromboxane A2 production, fibrinogen binding, and clot retraction. Our results show antiplatelet effects and antithrombus formation of mulberroside C in human platelets. Thus, we confirm that mulberroside C could be a potential phytochemical for the prevention of thrombosis-mediated CVDs.
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11
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Irfan M, Lee YY, Lee KJ, Kim SD, Rhee MH. Comparative antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of red ginseng and fermented red ginseng extracts. J Ginseng Res 2021; 46:387-395. [PMID: 35600768 PMCID: PMC9120646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuan Yee Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Ja Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Dae Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Effects of Epimedium koreanum Nakai. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7071987. [PMID: 33953788 PMCID: PMC8068545 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7071987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective. Epimedium koreanum Nakai is a medicinal plant known for its health beneficial effects on impotence, arrhythmia, oxidation, aging, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular diseases. However, there is no report available that shows its effects on platelet functions. Here, we elucidated antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of ethyl acetate fraction of E. koreanum. Methodology. We analyzed the antiplatelet properties using standard in vitro and in vivo techniques, such as light transmission aggregometry, scanning electron microscopy, intracellular calcium mobilization measurement, dense granule secretion, and flow cytometry to assess integrin αIIbβ3 activation, clot retraction, and Western blot, on washed platelets. The antithrombotic effects of E. koreanum were assessed by arteriovenous- (AV-) shunt model in rats, and its effects on hemostasis were analyzed by tail bleeding assay in mice. Key Results. E. koreanum inhibited platelet aggregation in agonist-stimulated human and rat washed platelets, and it also reduced calcium mobilization, ATP secretion, and TXB2 formation. Fibrinogen binding, fibronectin adhesion, and clot retraction by attenuated integrin αIIbβ3-mediated inside-out and outside-in signaling were also decreased. Reduced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), Akt, PLCγ2, and Src was observed. Moreover, the fraction inhibited thrombosis. HPLC results revealed that the fraction predominantly contained icariin. Conclusion and Implications. E. koreanum inhibited platelet aggregation and thrombus formation by attenuating calcium mobilization, ATP secretion, TXB2 formation, and integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Therefore, it may be considered as a potential candidate to treat and prevent platelet-related cardiovascular disorders.
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13
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Molecular Drivers of Platelet Activation: Unraveling Novel Targets for Anti-Thrombotic and Anti-Thrombo-Inflammatory Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217906. [PMID: 33114406 PMCID: PMC7662962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally-partly a consequence of increased population size and ageing-and are major contributors to reduced quality of life. Platelets play a major role in hemostasis and thrombosis. While platelet activation and aggregation are essential for hemostasis at sites of vascular injury, uncontrolled platelet activation leads to pathological thrombus formation and provokes thrombosis leading to myocardial infarction or stroke. Platelet activation and thrombus formation is a multistage process with different signaling pathways involved to trigger platelet shape change, integrin activation, stable platelet adhesion, aggregation, and degranulation. Apart from thrombotic events, thrombo-inflammation contributes to organ damage and dysfunction in CVDs and is mediated by platelets and inflammatory cells. Therefore, in the past, many efforts have been made to investigate specific signaling pathways in platelets to identify innovative and promising approaches for novel antithrombotic and anti-thrombo-inflammatory strategies that do not interfere with hemostasis. In this review, we focus on some of the most recent data reported on different platelet receptors, including GPIb-vWF interactions, GPVI activation, platelet chemokine receptors, regulation of integrin signaling, and channel homeostasis of NMDAR and PANX1.
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14
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Krueger I, Gremer L, Mangels L, Klier M, Jurk K, Willbold D, Bock HH, Elvers M. Reelin Amplifies Glycoprotein VI Activation and AlphaIIb Beta3 Integrin Outside-In Signaling via PLC Gamma 2 and Rho GTPases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2391-2403. [PMID: 32787521 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reelin, a secreted glycoprotein, was originally identified in the central nervous system, where it plays an important role in brain development and maintenance. In the cardiovascular system, reelin plays a role in atherosclerosis by enhancing vascular inflammation and in arterial thrombosis by promoting platelet adhesion, activation, and thrombus formation via APP (amyloid precursor protein) and GP (glycoprotein) Ib. However, the role of reelin in hemostasis and arterial thrombosis is not fully understood to date. Approach and Results: In the present study, we analyzed the importance of reelin for cytoskeletal reorganization of platelets and thrombus formation in more detail. Platelets release reelin to amplify alphaIIb beta3 integrin outside-in signaling by promoting platelet adhesion, cytoskeletal reorganization, and clot retraction via activation of Rho GTPases RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate) and RhoA (Ras homolog family member A). Reelin interacts with the collagen receptor GP (glycoprotein) VI with subnanomolar affinity, induces tyrosine phosphorylation in a GPVI-dependent manner, and supports platelet binding to collagen and GPVI-dependent RAC1 activation, PLC gamma 2 (1-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2) phosphorylation, platelet activation, and aggregation. When GPVI was deleted from the platelet surface by antibody treatment in reelin-deficient mice, thrombus formation was completely abolished after injury of the carotid artery while being only reduced in either GPVI-depleted or reelin-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified a novel signaling pathway that involves reelin-induced GPVI activation and alphaIIb beta3 integrin outside-in signaling in platelets. Loss of both, GPVI and reelin, completely prevents stable arterial thrombus formation in vivo suggesting that inhibiting reelin-platelet-interaction might represent a novel strategy to avoid arterial thrombosis in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Krueger
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany (I.K., M.K., M.E.)
| | - Lothar Gremer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany (L.G., D.W.).,Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry) and JuStruct, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany (L.G., L.M., D.W.)
| | - Lena Mangels
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry) and JuStruct, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany (L.G., L.M., D.W.)
| | - Meike Klier
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany (I.K., M.K., M.E.)
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (K.J.)
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany (L.G., D.W.).,Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry) and JuStruct, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany (L.G., L.M., D.W.)
| | - Hans H Bock
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology Department, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany (H.H.B.)
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany (I.K., M.K., M.E.)
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15
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p47phox deficiency impairs platelet function and protects mice against arterial and venous thrombosis. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101569. [PMID: 32422541 PMCID: PMC7231845 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulates platelet function and thrombosis. It remains controversial regarding NOX2’s role in platelet function. As a regulatory subunit for NOX2, whether p47phox regulates platelet function remains unclear. Our study intends to evaluate p47phox’s role in platelet function. Platelets were isolated from wild-type or p47phox-/- mice followed by analysis of platelet aggregation, granule secretion, surface receptors expression, spreading, clot retraction and ROS generation. Additionally, in vivo hemostasis, arterial and venous thrombosis was assessed. Moreover, human platelets were treated with PR-39 to inhibit p47phox activity followed by analysis of platelet function. p47phox deficiency significantly prolonged tail-bleeding time, delayed arterial and venous thrombus formation in vivo as well as reduced platelet aggregation, ATP release and αIIbβ3 activation. In addition, p47phox-/- platelets presented impaired spreading on fibrinogen or collagen and defective clot retraction concomitant with decreased phosphorylation of Syk and PLCγ2. Moreover, CRP or thrombin-stimulated p47phox-/- platelets displayed reduced intracellular ROS generation which was further decreased after inhibition of NOX1. Meanwhile, p47phox deficiency increased VASP phosphorylation and decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, ERK5 and JNK without affecting AKT and c-PLA2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, p47phox translocates to membrane to interact with both NOX1 and NOX2 after stimulation with CRP or thrombin. Finally, inhibition of p47phox activity by PR-39 reduced ROS generation, platelet aggregation and clot retraction in human platelets. In conclusion, p47phox regulates platelet function, arterial and venous thrombus formation and ROS generation, indicating that p47phox might be a novel therapeutic target for treating thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases. p47phox deficiency impaired hemostasis, delayed arterial and venous thrombosis. Reduced platelet aggregation, spreading and clot retraction in p47phox-/- platelet. Decreased ROS production and elevated VASP phosphorylation in p47phox-/- platelet. p47phox deficiency decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, ERK5 and JNK. p47phox translocates to membrane to interact with both NOX1 and NOX2 after stimulation.
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16
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Wei G, Xu X, Tong H, Wang X, Chen Y, Ding Y, Zhang S, Ju W, Fu C, Li Z, Zeng L, Xu K, Qiao J. Salidroside inhibits platelet function and thrombus formation through AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8151-8166. [PMID: 32352928 PMCID: PMC7244060 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Salidroside is the main bioactive component in Rhodiola rosea and possesses multiple biological and pharmacological properties. However, whether salidroside affects platelet function remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate salidroside’s effect on platelet function. Human or mouse platelets were treated with salidroside (0-20 μM) for 1 hour at 37°C. Platelet aggregation, granule secretion, and receptors expression were measured together with detection of platelet spreading and clot retraction. In addition, salidroside (20 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into mice followed by measuring tail bleeding time, arterial and venous thrombosis. Salidroside inhibited thrombin- or CRP-induced platelet aggregation and ATP release and did not affect the expression of P-selectin, glycoprotein (GP) Ibα, GPVI and αIIbβ3. Salidroside-treated platelets presented decreased spreading on fibrinogen or collagen and reduced clot retraction with decreased phosphorylation of c-Src, Syk and PLCγ2. Additionally, salidroside significantly impaired hemostasis, arterial and venous thrombus formation in mice. Moreover, in thrombin-stimulated platelets, salidroside inhibited phosphorylation of AKT (T308/S473) and GSK3β (Ser9). Further, addition of GSK3β inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of salidroside on platelet aggregation and clot retraction. In conclusion, salidroside inhibits platelet function and thrombosis via AKT/GSK3β signaling, suggesting that salidroside may be a novel therapeutic drug for treating thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Wei
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huan Tong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiamin Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sixuan Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
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17
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Williams EK, Oshinowo O, Ravindran A, Lam WA, Myers DR. Feeling the Force: Measurements of Platelet Contraction and Their Diagnostic Implications. Semin Thromb Hemost 2018; 45:285-296. [PMID: 30566972 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the classical biological and biochemical framework, blood clots can also be considered as active biomaterials composed of dynamically contracting platelets, nascent polymeric fibrin that functions as a matrix scaffold, and entrapped blood cells. As platelets sense, rearrange, and apply forces to the surrounding microenvironment, they dramatically change the material properties of the nascent clot, increasing its stiffness by an order of magnitude. Hence, the mechanical properties of blood clots are intricately tied to the forces applied by individual platelets. Research has also shown that the pathophysiological changes in clot mechanical properties are associated with bleeding and clotting disorders, cancer, stroke, ischemic heart disease, and more. By approaching the study of hemostasis and thrombosis from a biophysical and mechanical perspective, important insights have been made into how the mechanics of clotting and the forces applied by platelets are linked to various diseases. This review will familiarize the reader with a mechanics framework that is contextualized with relevant biology. The review also includes a discussion of relevant tools used to study platelet forces either directly or indirectly, and finally, concludes with a summary of potential links between clotting forces and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Kendall Williams
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Oluwamayokun Oshinowo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Abhijit Ravindran
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David R Myers
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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18
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Luo Q, Wei G, Wu X, Tang K, Xu M, Wu Y, Liu Y, Li X, Sun Z, Ju W, Qi K, Chen C, Yan Z, Cheng H, Zhu F, Li Z, Zeng L, Xu K, Qiao J. Platycodin D inhibits platelet function and thrombus formation through inducing internalization of platelet glycoprotein receptors. J Transl Med 2018; 16:311. [PMID: 30442147 PMCID: PMC6238268 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1688-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Platycodin D (PD) is one of the major bioactive components of the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum and possesses multiple biological and pharmacological properties, such as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. However, whether it affects platelet function remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the role of PD in platelet function and thrombus formation. Methods Platelets were treated with PD followed by measuring platelet aggregation, activation, spreading, clot retraction, expression of glycoprotein receptors. Moreover, mice platelets were treated with PD and infused into wild-type mice for analysis of in vivo hemostasis and arterial thrombosis. Results Platycodin D treatment significantly inhibited platelet aggregation in response to collagen, ADP, arachidonic acid and epinephrine, reduced platelet P-selectin expression, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, spreading on fibrinogen as well as clot retraction, accompanied with decreased phosphorylation of Syk and PLCγ2 in collagen-related peptide or thrombin-stimulated platelets. Moreover, PD-treated mice platelets presented significantly impaired in vivo hemostasis and arterial thrombus formation. Interestingly, PD induced internalization of glycoprotein receptors αIIbβ3, GPIbα and GPVI. However, GM6001, cytochalasin D, BAPTA-AM and wortmannin did not prevent PD-induced internalization of receptors. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that PD inhibits platelet aggregation, activation and impairs hemostasis and arterial thrombosis, suggesting it might be a potent anti-thrombotic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Luo
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Guangyu Wei
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Mengdi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulu Wu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Zengtian Sun
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kunming Qi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiling Yan
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Hai Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China. .,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China. .,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Rd, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, 221002, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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Irfan M, Jeong D, Kwon HW, Shin JH, Park SJ, Kwak D, Kim TH, Lee DH, Park HJ, Rhee MH. Ginsenoside-Rp3 inhibits platelet activation and thrombus formation by regulating MAPK and cyclic nucleotide signaling. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 109:45-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Irfan M, Jeong D, Saba E, Kwon HW, Shin JH, Jeon BR, Kim S, Kim SD, Lee DH, Nah SY, Rhee MH. Gintonin modulates platelet function and inhibits thrombus formation via impaired glycoprotein VI signaling. Platelets 2018; 30:589-598. [PMID: 29870296 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1479033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Panax ginseng (P. ginseng), one of the most valuable medicinal plants, is known for its healing and immunobooster properties and has been widely used in folk medicine against cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and heart attack. In this study, we explored the anti-platelet activity of gintonin (a recently discovered non-saponin fraction of ginseng) against agonist-induced platelet activation. In vitro effects of gintonin on agonist-induced human and rat platelet aggregation, granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, and intracellular calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) mobilization were examined. Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation techniques were used to estimate the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and interaction of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) signaling pathway molecules such as Src family kinases (SFK), tyrosine kinase Syk, and PLCγ2. In vivo effects were studied using acute pulmonary thromboembolism model in mice. Gintonin remarkably inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation and suppressed granule secretion, [Ca2+]i mobilization, and fibrinogen binding to integrin αIIbβ3 in a dose-dependent manner and clot retraction. Gintonin attenuated the activation of MAPK molecules and PI3K/Akt pathway. It also inhibited SFK, Syk, and PLCγ2 activation and protected mice from thrombosis. Gintonin inhibited agonist-induced platelet activation and thrombus formation through impairment in GPVI signaling molecules, including activation of SFK, Syk, PLCγ2, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt; suggesting its therapeutic potential against platelet related CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- a Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Jeong
- a Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Evelyn Saba
- a Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Woo Kwon
- b Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science , Far East University , Eumseong , Korea
| | - Jung-Hae Shin
- c Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering , Inje University , Gyungnam , Korea
| | - Bo-Ra Jeon
- a Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Kim
- d Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Kim
- a Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ha Lee
- e Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science , Korea Nazarene University , Cheonan, Chungnam , Republic of Korea.,f Molecular Diagnostics Research Institute , Namseoul University , Cheonan, Chungnam , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- g Ginsentology Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Konkuk University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- a Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
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21
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Qiao J, Wu X, Luo Q, Wei G, Xu M, Wu Y, Liu Y, Li X, Zi J, Ju W, Fu L, Chen C, Wu Q, Zhu S, Qi K, Li D, Li Z, Andrews RK, Zeng L, Gardiner EE, Xu K. NLRP3 regulates platelet integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling, hemostasis and arterial thrombosis. Haematologica 2018; 103:1568-1576. [PMID: 29794149 PMCID: PMC6119128 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.191700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their hemostatic function, platelets play an important role in regulating the inflammatory response. The platelet NLRP3 inflammasome not only promotes interleukin-1β secretion, but was also found to be upregulated during platelet activation and thrombus formation in vitro However, the role of NLRP3 in platelet function and thrombus formation in vivo remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of NLRP3 in platelet integrin αIIbβ3 signaling transduction. Using NLRP3-/- mice, we showed that NLRP3-deficient platelets do not have significant differences in expression of the platelet-specific adhesive receptors αIIbβ3 integrin, GPIba or GPVI; however, NLRP3-/- platelets transfused into wild-type mice resulted in prolonged tail-bleeding time and delayed arterial thrombus formation, as well as exhibiting impaired spreading on immobilized fibrinogen and defective clot retraction, concomitant with decreased phosphorylation of c-Src, Syk and PLCγ2 in response to thrombin stimulation. Interestingly, addition of exogenous recombinant interleukin-1β reversed the defect in NLRP3-/- platelet spreading and clot retraction, and restored thrombin-induced phosphorylation of c-Src/Syk/PLCγ2, whereas an anti-interleukin-1β antibody blocked spreading and clot retraction mediated by wild-type platelets. Using the direct NLRP3 inhibitor, CY-09, we demonstrated significantly reduced human platelet aggregation in response to threshold concentrations of collagen and ADP, as well as impaired clot retraction in CY-09-treated human platelets, supporting a role for NLRP3 also in regulating human platelet αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. This study identifies a novel role for NLRP3 and interleukin-1β in platelet function, and provides a new potential link between thrombosis and inflammation, suggesting that therapies targeting NLRP3 or interleukin-1β might be beneficial for treating inflammation-associated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Guangyu Wei
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Mengdi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yulu Wu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jie Zi
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Wu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shengyun Zhu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kunming Qi
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Depeng Li
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Robert K Andrews
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Elizabeth E Gardiner
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, China .,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
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22
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O'Donnell VB, Rossjohn J, Wakelam MJ. Phospholipid signaling in innate immune cells. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:2670-2679. [PMID: 29683435 DOI: 10.1172/jci97944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids comprise a large body of lipids that define cells and organelles by forming membrane structures. Importantly, their complex metabolism represents a highly controlled cellular signaling network that is essential for mounting an effective innate immune response. Phospholipids in innate cells are subject to dynamic regulation by enzymes, whose activities are highly responsive to activation status. Along with their metabolic products, they regulate multiple aspects of innate immune cell biology, including shape change, aggregation, blood clotting, and degranulation. Phospholipid hydrolysis provides substrates for cell-cell communication, enables regulation of hemostasis, immunity, thrombosis, and vascular inflammation, and is centrally important in cardiovascular disease and associated comorbidities. Phospholipids themselves are also recognized by innate-like T cells, which are considered essential for recognition of infection or cancer, as well as self-antigens. This Review describes the major phospholipid metabolic pathways present in innate immune cells and summarizes the formation and metabolism of phospholipids as well as their emerging roles in cell biology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie B O'Donnell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, and.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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23
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Egot M, Kauskot A, Lasne D, Gaussem P, Bachelot-Loza C. Biphasic myosin II light chain activation during clot retraction. Thromb Haemost 2017; 110:1215-22. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-04-0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SummaryClot retraction is an essential step during primary haemostasis, thereby promoting thrombus stability and wound healing. Integrin αIIbβ3 plays a critical role in clot retraction, by inducing acto-myosin interactions that allow platelet cytoskeleton reorganisation. However, the signalling pathways that lead to clot retraction are still misunderstood. In this study, we report the first data on the kinetics of myosin II light chain (MLC) phosphorylation during clot retraction. We found an early phosphorylation peak followed by a second peak. By using specific inhibitors of kinases and small G proteins, we showed that MLC kinase (MLCK), RhoA/ROCK, and Rac-1 were involved in clot retraction and in the early MLC phosphorylation peak. Only Rac-1 and actin polymerisation, controlled by outside-in signalling, were crucial to the second MLC phosphorylation peak.
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24
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Rheinlaender J, Vogel S, Seifert J, Schächtele M, Borst O, Lang F, Gawaz M, Schäffer TE. Imaging the elastic modulus of human platelets during thrombininduced activation using scanning ion conductance microscopy. Thromb Haemost 2017; 113:305-11. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-05-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
SummaryPlatelet activation plays a critical role in haemostasis and thrombosis. It is well-known that platelets generate contractile forces during activation. However, their mechanical material properties have rarely been investigated. Here, we use scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) to visualise morphological and mechanical properties of live human platelets at high spatial resolution. We found that their mean elastic modulus decreases during thrombin-induced activation by about a factor of two. We observed a similar softening of platelets during cytochalasin D-induced cytoskeleton depolymerisation. However, thrombin-induced temporal and spatial modulations of the elastic modulus were substantially different from cytochalasin D-mediated changes. We thereby provide new insights into the mechanics of haemostasis and establish SICM as a novel imaging platform for the ex vivo investigation of the mechanical properties of live platelets.
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25
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Myers DR, Qiu Y, Fay ME, Tennenbaum M, Chester D, Cuadrado J, Sakurai Y, Baek J, Tran R, Ciciliano J, Ahn B, Mannino R, Bunting S, Bennett C, Briones M, Fernandez-Nieves A, Smith ML, Brown AC, Sulchek T, Lam WA. Single-platelet nanomechanics measured by high-throughput cytometry. NATURE MATERIALS 2017; 16:230-235. [PMID: 27723740 PMCID: PMC5266633 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Haemostasis occurs at sites of vascular injury, where flowing blood forms a clot, a dynamic and heterogeneous fibrin-based biomaterial. Paramount in the clot's capability to stem haemorrhage are its changing mechanical properties, the major drivers of which are the contractile forces exerted by platelets against the fibrin scaffold. However, how platelets transduce microenvironmental cues to mediate contraction and alter clot mechanics is unknown. This is clinically relevant, as overly softened and stiffened clots are associated with bleeding and thrombotic disorders. Here, we report a high-throughput hydrogel-based platelet-contraction cytometer that quantifies single-platelet contraction forces in different clot microenvironments. We also show that platelets, via the Rho/ROCK pathway, synergistically couple mechanical and biochemical inputs to mediate contraction. Moreover, highly contractile platelet subpopulations present in healthy controls are conspicuously absent in a subset of patients with undiagnosed bleeding disorders, and therefore may function as a clinical diagnostic biophysical biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Myers
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Yongzhi Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Meredith E. Fay
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | | | - Daniel Chester
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695
- Comparative Medicine Institute at North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Jonas Cuadrado
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332
| | - Yumiko Sakurai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Jong Baek
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Reginald Tran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Jordan Ciciliano
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Byungwook Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Robert Mannino
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Silvia Bunting
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Carolyn Bennett
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Michael Briones
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Alberto Fernandez-Nieves
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332
| | - Michael L. Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215
| | - Ashley C. Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695
- Comparative Medicine Institute at North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Todd Sulchek
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332
| | - Wilbur A. Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
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26
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The role of biophysical properties of provisional matrix proteins in wound repair. Matrix Biol 2016; 60-61:124-140. [PMID: 27534610 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex, dynamic process required for maintaining homeostasis in an organism. Along with being controlled biochemically, wound healing is also controlled through the transduction of biophysical stimuli through cell interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM). This review provides an overview of the ECM's role in the wound healing process and subsequently expands on the variety of roles biophysical phenomenon play.
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27
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Human cathelicidin LL-37 inhibits platelet aggregation and thrombosis via Src/PI3K/Akt signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:283-289. [PMID: 27012197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biological functions of human cathelicidin LL-37 have been widely reported, including antibacterial, immune and anti-tumor effects. However, the antiplatelet activity of LL-37 has not been addressed. The purpose of our study was to investigate the antiplatelet and antithrombotic actions of LL-37. We found that this peptide inhibited human platelet aggregation in vitro and attenuated thrombus formation in vivo. Furthermore, LL-37 reduced phosphorylation of Src kinase and Akt(Ser473), decreased platelet spreading on immobilized fibrinogen and inhibited P-selectin expression on platelets. These results demonstrate that LL-37 has antiplatelet and antithrombotic actions.
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28
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Son YM, Jeong DH, Park HJ, Rhee MH. The inhibitory activity of ginsenoside Rp4 in adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation. J Ginseng Res 2016; 41:96-102. [PMID: 28123327 PMCID: PMC5223082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Korean ginseng, Panax ginseng Meyer, has been used as a traditional oriental medicine to treat illness and promote health for several thousand years. Ginsenosides are the main constituents for the pharmacological effects of P. ginseng. Since several ginsenosides, including ginsenoside (G)-Rg3 and G-Rp1, have reported antiplatelet activity, here we investigate the ability of G-Rp4 to modulate adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation. The ginsenoside Rp4, a similar chemical structure of G-Rp1, was prepared from G-Rg1 by chemical modification. METHODS To examine the effects of G-Rp4 on platelet activation, we performed several experiments, including antiplatelet ability, the modulation of intracellular calcium concentration, and P-selectin expression. In addition, we examined the activation of integrin αIIbβ3 and the phosphorylation of signaling molecules using fibrinogen binding assay and immunoblotting in rat washed platelets. RESULTS G-Rp4 inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. We found that G-Rp4 decreased calcium mobilization and P-selectin expression in ADP-activated platelets. Moreover, fibrinogen binding to integrin αIIbβ3 by ADP was attenuated in G-Rp4-treated platelets. G-Rp4 significantly attenuated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, as well as protein kinase B, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and phospholipase C-γ phosphorylations. CONCLUSION G-Rp4 significantly inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation and this is mediated via modulating the intracellular signaling molecules. These results indicate that G-Rp4 could be a potential candidate as a therapeutic agent against platelet-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Son
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Da-Hye Jeong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hwa-Jin Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Science, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Man-Hee Rhee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Niki M, Nayak MK, Jin H, Bhasin N, Plow EF, Pandolfi PP, Rothman PB, Chauhan AK, Lentz SR. Dok-1 negatively regulates platelet integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signalling and inhibits thrombosis in mice. Thromb Haemost 2016; 115:969-78. [PMID: 26790499 DOI: 10.1160/th15-05-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Adaptor proteins play a critical role in the assembly of signalling complexes after engagement of platelet receptors by agonists such as collagen, ADP and thrombin. Recently, using proteomics, the Dok (downstream of tyrosine kinase) adapter proteins were identified in human and mouse platelets. In vitro studies suggest that Dok-1 binds to platelet integrin β3, but the underlying effects of Dok-1 on αIIbβ3 signalling, platelet activation and thrombosis remain to be elucidated. In the present study, using Dok-1-deficient (Dok-1-/-) mice, we determined the phenotypic role of Dok-1 in αIIbβ3 signalling. We found that platelets from Dok-1-/- mice displayed normal aggregation, activation of αIIbβ3 (assessed by binding of JON/A), P-selectin surface expression (assessed by anti-CD62P), and soluble fibrinogen binding. These findings indicate that Dok-1 does not affect "inside-out" platelet signalling. Compared with platelets from wild-type (WT) mice, platelets from Dok-1-/- mice exhibited increased clot retraction (p < 0.05 vs WT), increased PLCγ2 phosphorylation, and enhanced spreading on fibrinogen after thrombin stimulation (p < 0.01 vs WT), demonstrating that Dok-1 negatively regulates αIIbβ3 "outside-in" signalling. Finally, we found that Dok-1-/- mice exhibited significantly shortened bleeding times and accelerated carotid artery thrombosis in response to photochemical injury (p < 0.05 vs WT mice). We conclude that Dok-1 modulates thrombosis and haemostasis by negatively regulating αIIbβ3 outside-in signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Steven R Lentz
- Steven R. Lentz, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, C21 GH, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA, Tel.: +1 319 356 4048, Fax: +1 319 353 8383, E-mail:
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Arf6 controls platelet spreading and clot retraction via integrin αIIbβ3 trafficking. Blood 2016; 127:1459-67. [PMID: 26738539 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-05-648550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet and megakaryocyte endocytosis is important for loading certain granule cargo (ie, fibrinogen [Fg] and vascular endothelial growth factor); however, the mechanisms of platelet endocytosis and its functional acute effects are understudied. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) is a small guanosine triphosphate-binding protein that regulates endocytic trafficking, especially of integrins. To study platelet endocytosis, we generated platelet-specific Arf6 knockout (KO) mice. Arf6 KO platelets had less associated Fg suggesting that Arf6 affects αIIbβ3-mediated Fg uptake and/or storage. Other cargo was unaffected. To measure Fg uptake, mice were injected with biotinylated- or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled Fg. Platelets from the injected Arf6 KO mice showed lower accumulation of tagged Fg, suggesting an uptake defect. Ex vivo, Arf6 KO platelets were also defective in FITC-Fg uptake and storage. Immunofluorescence analysis showed initial trafficking of FITC-Fg to a Rab4-positive compartment followed by colocalization with Rab11-positive structures, suggesting that platelets contain and use both early and recycling endosomes. Resting and activated αIIbβ3 levels, as measured by flow cytometry, were unchanged; yet, Arf6 KO platelets exhibited enhanced spreading on Fg and faster clot retraction. This was not the result of alterations in αIIbβ3 signaling, because myosin light-chain phosphorylation and Rac1/RhoA activation were unaffected. Consistent with the enhanced clot retraction and spreading, Arf6 KO mice showed no deficits in tail bleeding or FeCl3-induced carotid injury assays. Our studies present the first mouse model for defining the functions of platelet endocytosis and suggest that altered integrin trafficking may affect the efficacy of platelet function.
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31
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Kinetics and mechanics of clot contraction are governed by the molecular and cellular composition of the blood. Blood 2015; 127:149-59. [PMID: 26603837 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-05-647560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-driven blood clot contraction (retraction) is thought to promote wound closure and secure hemostasis while preventing vascular occlusion. Notwithstanding its importance, clot contraction remains a poorly understood process, partially because of the lack of methodology to quantify its dynamics and requirements. We used a novel automated optical analyzer to continuously track in vitro changes in the size of contracting clots in whole blood and in variously reconstituted samples. Kinetics of contraction was complemented with dynamic rheometry to characterize the viscoelasticity of contracting clots. This combined approach enabled investigation of the coordinated mechanistic impact of platelets, including nonmuscle myosin II, red blood cells (RBCs), fibrin(ogen), factor XIIIa (FXIIIa), and thrombin on the kinetics and mechanics of the contraction process. Clot contraction is composed of 3 sequential phases, each characterized by a distinct rate constant. Thrombin, Ca(2+), the integrin αIIbβ3, myosin IIa, FXIIIa cross-linking, and platelet count all promote 1 or more phases of the clot contraction process. In contrast, RBCs impair contraction and reduce elasticity, while increasing the overall contractile stress generated by the platelet-fibrin meshwork. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which blood cells, fibrin(ogen), and platelet-fibrin interactions modulate clot contraction may generate novel approaches to reveal and to manage thrombosis and hemostatic disorders.
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32
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Yago T, Petrich BG, Zhang N, Liu Z, Shao B, Ginsberg MH, McEver RP. Blocking neutrophil integrin activation prevents ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Exp Med 2015; 212:1267-81. [PMID: 26169939 PMCID: PMC4516797 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20142358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil recruitment, mediated by β2 integrins, combats pyogenic infections but also plays a key role in ischemia-reperfusion injury and other inflammatory disorders. Talin induces allosteric rearrangements in integrins that increase affinity for ligands (activation). Talin also links integrins to actin and other proteins that enable formation of adhesions. Structural studies have identified a talin1 mutant (L325R) that perturbs activation without impairing talin's capacity to link integrins to actin and other proteins. Here, we found that mice engineered to express only talin1(L325R) in myeloid cells were protected from renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Dissection of neutrophil function in vitro and in vivo revealed that talin1(L325R) neutrophils had markedly impaired chemokine-induced, β2 integrin-mediated arrest, spreading, and migration. Surprisingly, talin1(L325R) neutrophils exhibited normal selectin-induced, β2 integrin-mediated slow rolling, in sharp contrast to the defective slow rolling of neutrophils lacking talin1 or expressing a talin1 mutant (W359A) that blocks talin interaction with integrins. These studies reveal the importance of talin-mediated activation of integrins for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. They further show that neutrophil arrest requires talin recruitment to and activation of integrins. However, although neutrophil slow rolling requires talin recruitment to integrins, talin-mediated integrin activation is dispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadayuki Yago
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
| | - Brian G Petrich
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
| | - Zhenghui Liu
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
| | - Bojing Shao
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
| | - Mark H Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Rodger P McEver
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
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Evaluation of the antiaggregant activity of ascorbyl phenolic esters with antioxidant properties. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:415-34. [PMID: 26081024 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Beneficial effects of the antioxidant L-ascorbic acid (Asc) in human health are well known. Its particular role in hemostasis deserves further consideration, since it has been described a dose-dependent effect of Asc in platelet activity. Contrary, it has been demonstrated that phenolic compounds have inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation stimulated by the physiological agonist thrombin (Thr). Here, we have evaluated the actions of three synthetic phenolic esters of Asc: L-ascorbyl 6-protocatechuate (Prot Asc), L-ascorbyl 6-gallate (Gal Asc), and L-ascorbyl 6-caffeate (Caf Asc). All these Asc derivatives exhibited greater radical scavenging activity than Asc, and in experiments using human platelets from healthy subjects, they do not evoke changes in platelet viability upon their administration. Nevertheless, these compounds altered platelet calcium homeostasis in response to Thr, although Prot Asc induced a smaller effect than Gal Asc, Caf Asc, and Asc. As a consequence, platelet aggregation was also impaired by these compounds, reporting Prot Asc and Caf Asc a weaker antiaggregant action than Gal Asc and Asc. Treatments with Gal Asc and Caf Asc altered in larger extent the phosphorylation pattern of pp60(Src) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) evoked by stimulating human platelets with Thr. Summarizing, Prot Asc is the ascorbyl phenolic ester with the strongest antioxidant properties and weakest antiaggregant actions, and its use as antioxidant may be safer than the rest of derivatives in order to prevent thrombotic alteration in patients that need treatment with antioxidant therapies.
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Restoration of responsiveness of phospholipase Cγ2-deficient platelets by enforced expression of phospholipase Cγ1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119739. [PMID: 25793864 PMCID: PMC4368822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor-mediated platelet activation requires phospholipase C (PLC) activity to elevate intracellular calcium and induce actin cytoskeleton reorganization. PLCs are classified into structurally distinct β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, and η isoforms. There are two PLCγ isoforms (PLCγ1, PLCγ2), which are critical for activation by tyrosine kinase-dependent receptors. Platelets express both PLCγ1 and PLCγ2. Although PLCγ2 has been shown to play a dominant role in platelet activation, the extent to which PLCγ1 contributes has not been evaluated. To ascertain the relative contributions of PLCγ1 and PLCγ2 to platelet activation, we generated conditionally PLCγ1-deficient, wild-type (WT), PLCγ2-deficient, and PLCγ1/PLCγ2 double-deficient mice and measured the ability of platelets to respond to different agonists. We found that PLCγ2 deficiency abrogated αIIbβ3-dependent platelet spreading, GPVI-dependent platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation on collagen-coated surfaces under shear conditions, which is dependent on both GPVI and αIIbβ3. Addition of exogenous ADP overcame defective spreading of PLCγ2-deficient platelets on immobilized fibrinogen, suggesting that PLCγ2 is required for granule secretion in response to αIIbβ3 ligation. Consistently, αIIbβ3-mediated release of granule contents was impaired in the absence of PLCγ2. In contrast, PLCγ1-deficient platelets spread and released granule contents normally on fibrinogen, exhibited normal levels of GPVI-dependent aggregation, and formed thrombi normally on collagen-coated surfaces. Interestingly, enforced expression of PLCγ1 fully restored GPVI-dependent aggregation and αIIbβ3-dependent spreading of PLCγ2-deficient platelets. We conclude that platelet activation through GPVI and αIIbβ3 utilizes PLCγ2 because PLCγ1 levels are insufficient to support responsiveness, but that PLCγ1 can restore responsiveness if expressed at levels normally achieved by PLCγ2.
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35
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Karim ZA, Vemana HP, Khasawneh FT. MALT1-ubiquitination triggers non-genomic NF-κB/IKK signaling upon platelet activation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119363. [PMID: 25748427 PMCID: PMC4352082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that IKK complex plays an important non-genomic role in platelet function, i.e., regulates SNARE machinery-dependent membrane fusion. In this connection, it is well known that MALT1, whose activity is modulated by proteasome, plays an important role in the regulation of IKK complex. Therefore, the present studies investigated the mechanism by which IKK signaling is regulated in the context of the platelet proteasome. It was found that platelets express a functional proteasome, and form CARMA/MALT1/Bcl10 (CBM) complex when activated. Using a pharmacological inhibitor, the proteasome was found to regulate platelet function (aggregation, integrin activation, secretion, phosphatidylserine exposure and changes in intracellular calcium). It was also found to regulate thrombogenesis and physiologic hemostasis. We also observed, upon platelet activation, that MALT1 is ubiquitinated, and this coincides with the activation of the IKK/NF-κB-signaling pathway. Finally, we observed that the proteasome inhibitor blocks CBM complex formation and the interaction of IKKγ and MALT1; abrogates SNARE formation, and the association of MALT1 with TAK1 and TAB2, which are upstream of the CBM complex. Thus, our data demonstrate that MALT1 ubiquitination is critical for the engagement of CBM and IKK complexes, thereby directing platelet signals to the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair A. Karim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Hari Priya Vemana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, United States of America
| | - Fadi T. Khasawneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, United States of America
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36
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Brown AC, Stabenfeldt SE, Ahn B, Hannan RT, Dhada KS, Herman ES, Stefanelli V, Guzzetta N, Alexeev A, Lam WA, Lyon LA, Barker TH. Ultrasoft microgels displaying emergent platelet-like behaviours. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:1108-1114. [PMID: 25194701 PMCID: PMC4239187 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to create platelet-like structures for the augmentation of haemostasis have focused solely on recapitulating aspects of platelet adhesion; more complex platelet behaviours such as clot contraction are assumed to be inaccessible to synthetic systems. Here, we report the creation of fully synthetic platelet-like particles (PLPs) that augment clotting in vitro under physiological flow conditions and achieve wound-triggered haemostasis and decreased bleeding times in vivo in a traumatic injury model. PLPs were synthesized by combining highly deformable microgel particles with molecular-recognition motifs identified through directed evolution. In vitro and in silico analyses demonstrate that PLPs actively collapse fibrin networks, an emergent behaviour that mimics in vivo clot contraction. Mechanistically, clot collapse is intimately linked to the unique deformability and affinity of PLPs for fibrin fibres, as evidenced by dissipative particle dynamics simulations. Our findings should inform the future design of a broader class of dynamic, biosynthetic composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C. Brown
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta GA 30332
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Sarah E. Stabenfeldt
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287
| | - Byungwook Ahn
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta GA 30332
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Riley T. Hannan
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta GA 30332
| | - Kabir S. Dhada
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Emily S. Herman
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Victoria Stefanelli
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta GA 30332
| | - Nina Guzzetta
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alexander Alexeev
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Wilbur A. Lam
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta GA 30332
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - L. Andrew Lyon
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Thomas H. Barker
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta GA 30332
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
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The N-terminal SH2 domain of Syk is required for (hem)ITAM, but not integrin, signaling in mouse platelets. Blood 2014; 125:144-54. [PMID: 25352128 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-05-579375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used a novel knockin mouse to investigate the effect of disruption of phosphotyrosine binding of the N-terminal SH2 domain of Syk on platelet activation by GPVI, CLEC-2, and integrin αIIbβ3. The Syk(R41Afl/fl) mouse was crossed to a PF4-Cre(+) mouse to induce expression of the Syk mutant in the megakaryocyte/platelet lineage. Syk(R41Afl/fl;PF4-Cre) mice are born at approximately 50% of the expected frequency and have a similar phenotype to Syk(fl/fl;PF4-Cre) mice, including blood-lymphatic mixing and chyloascites. Anastomosis of the venous and lymphatic vasculatures can be seen in the mesenteric circulation accounting for rapid and continuous mixing of the 2 vasculatures. Platelet activation by CLEC-2 and GPVI is abolished in Syk(R41Afl/fl;PF4-Cre) platelets. Syk phosphorylation on Tyr519/20 is blocked in CLEC-2-stimulated platelets, suggesting a model in which binding of Syk via its N-terminal SH2 domain regulates autophosphorylation. In contrast, outside-in signaling by integrin αIIbβ3 is not altered, but it is inhibited in the presence of inhibitors of Src and Syk tyrosine kinases. These results demonstrate that αIIbβ3 regulates Syk through an ITAM-independent pathway in mice and provide novel insight into the course of events underlying Syk activation and hemITAM phosphorylation by CLEC-2.
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de Witt SM, Verdoold R, Cosemans JM, Heemskerk JW. Insights into platelet-based control of coagulation. Thromb Res 2014; 133 Suppl 2:S139-48. [DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(14)50024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Lian L, Suzuki A, Hayes V, Saha S, Han X, Xu T, Yates JR, Poncz M, Kashina A, Abrams CS. Loss of ATE1-mediated arginylation leads to impaired platelet myosin phosphorylation, clot retraction, and in vivo thrombosis formation. Haematologica 2013; 99:554-60. [PMID: 24293517 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.093047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginylation by arginyl-transfer RNA protein transferase (ATE1) is emerging as a regulator protein function that is reminiscent of phosphorylation. For example, arginylation of β-actin has been found to regulate lamellipodial formation at the leading edge in fibroblasts. This finding suggests that similar functions of β-actin in other cell types may also require arginylation. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that ATE1 regulates the cytoskeletal dynamics essential for in vivo platelet adhesion and thrombus formation. To test this hypothesis, we generated conditional knockout mice specifically lacking ATE1 in their platelets and in their megakaryocytes and analyzed the role of arginylation during platelet activation. Surprisingly, rather than finding an impairment of the actin cytoskeleton structure and its rearrangement during platelet activation, we observed that the platelet-specific ATE1 knockout led to enhanced clot retraction and in vivo thrombus formation. This effect might be regulated by myosin II contractility since it was accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain on Ser19, which is an event that activates myosin in vivo. Furthermore, ATE1 and myosin co-immunoprecipitate from platelet lysates. This finding suggests that these proteins directly interact within platelets. These results provide the first evidence that arginylation is involved in phosphorylation-dependent protein regulation, and that arginylation affects myosin function in platelets during clot retraction.
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Clot retraction is mediated by factor XIII-dependent fibrin-αIIbβ3-myosin axis in platelet sphingomyelin-rich membrane rafts. Blood 2013; 122:3340-8. [PMID: 24002447 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-04-491290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane rafts are spatially and functionally heterogenous in the cell membrane. We observed that lysenin-positive sphingomyelin (SM)-rich rafts are identified histochemically in the central region of adhered platelets where fibrin and myosin are colocalized on activation by thrombin. The clot retraction of SM-depleted platelets from SM synthase knockout mouse was delayed significantly, suggesting that platelet SM-rich rafts are involved in clot retraction. We found that fibrin converted by thrombin translocated immediately in platelet detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) rafts but that from Glanzmann's thrombasthenic platelets failed. The fibrinogen γ-chain C-terminal (residues 144-411) fusion protein translocated to platelet DRM rafts on thrombin activation, but its mutant that was replaced by A398A399 at factor XIII crosslinking sites (Q398Q399) was inhibited. Furthermore, fibrin translocation to DRM rafts was impaired in factor XIII A subunit-deficient mouse platelets, which show impaired clot retraction. In the cytoplasm, myosin translocated concomitantly with fibrin translocation into the DRM raft of thrombin-stimulated platelets. Furthermore, the disruption of SM-rich rafts by methyl-β-cyclodextrin impaired myosin activation and clot retraction. Thus, we propose that clot retraction takes place in SM-rich rafts where a fibrin-αIIbβ3-myosin complex is formed as a primary axis to promote platelet contraction.
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41
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Cipolla L, Consonni A, Guidetti G, Canobbio I, Okigaki M, Falasca M, Ciraolo E, Hirsch E, Balduini C, Torti M. The proline-rich tyrosine kinase Pyk2 regulates platelet integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11:345-56. [PMID: 23216754 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proline-rich tyrosine kinase Pyk2 is a focal adhesion kinase expressed in blood platelets, and is activated downstream of G-protein coupled receptors as well as integrin α2β1. OBJECTIVE In this study we have investigated the involvement of Pyk2 in integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling in human and murine platelets. METHODS We analyzed the stimulation of intracellular signaling pathways in platelets from Pyk2 knockout mice adherent to immobilized fibrinogen. RESULTS Pyk2 was rapidly phosphorylated and activated in human and murine platelets adherent to fibrinogen through integrin αIIbβ3. Activation of Pyk2 was Src-dependent, but did not require phospholipase Cγ2 activity. Platelets from Pyk2 knockout mice showed a defective ability to adhere and spread on fibrinogen, in association with a dramatic reduction of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation and Akt phosphorylation. Pharmacological and genetic analysis demonstrated that integrin αIIbβ3 engagement selectively stimulated the β-isoform of PI3K (PI3Kβ), and that, as for Pyk2, PI3Kβ activation required Src family kinases activity, but not phospholipase Cγ2. In fibrinogen-adherent platelets, both Pyk2 and PI3Kβ were necessary for stimulation of the small GTPase Rap1b, a regulator of cell adhesion and spreading. Integrin αIIbβ3 engagement triggered the association of the PI3Kβ regulatory subunit p85 with the adaptor protein c-Cbl, which was mediated by the p85 SH3 domain, and was independent of c-Cbl tyrosine phosphorylation. However, p85-associated c-Cbl was tyrosine phosphorylated by activated Pyk2 in fibrinogen adherent platelets. CONCLUSIONS These results identify a novel pathway of integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling and recognize the tyrosine kinase Pyk2 as a major regulator of platelet adhesion and spreading on fibrinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cipolla
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Vascular Endothelium. TISSUE FUNCTIONING AND REMODELING IN THE CIRCULATORY AND VENTILATORY SYSTEMS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5966-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Heemskerk JWM, Mattheij NJA, Cosemans JMEM. Platelet-based coagulation: different populations, different functions. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11:2-16. [PMID: 23106920 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Platelets in a thrombus interact with (anti)coagulation factors and support blood coagulation. In the concept of cell-based control of coagulation, three different roles of platelets can be distinguished: control of thrombin generation, support of fibrin formation, and regulation of fibrin clot retraction. Here, we postulate that different populations of platelets with distinct surface properties are involved in these coagulant functions. Platelets with elevated Ca(2+) and exposed phosphatidylserine control thrombin and fibrin generation, while platelets with activated α(IIb) β(3) regulate clot retraction. We review how coagulation factor binding depends on the platelet activation state. Furthermore, we discuss the ligands, platelet receptors and downstream intracellular signaling pathways implicated in these coagulant functions. These insights lead to an adapted model of platelet-based coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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44
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JAM-A protects from thrombosis by suppressing integrin αIIbβ3-dependent outside-in signaling in platelets. Blood 2012; 119:3352-60. [PMID: 22271446 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-12-397398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that agonist-initiated signaling in platelets is closely regulated to avoid excessive responses to injury. A variety of physiologic agonists induce a cascade of signaling events termed as inside-out signaling that culminate in exposure of high-affinity binding sites on integrin α(IIb)β(3). Once platelet activation has occurred, integrin α(IIb)β(3) stabilizes thrombus formation by providing agonist-independent "outside-in" signals mediated in part by contractile signaling. Junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A), a member of the cortical thymocyte marker of the Xenopus (CTX) family, was initially identified as a receptor for a platelet stimulatory mAb. Here we show that JAM-A in resting platelets functions as an endogenous inhibitor of platelet function. Genetic ablation of Jam-A in mice enhances thrombotic function of platelets in vivo. The absence of Jam-A results in increase in platelet aggregation ex vivo. This gain of function is not because of enhanced inside-out signaling because granular secretion, Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) generation, as well as fibrinogen receptor activation, are normal in the absence of Jam-A. Interestingly, integrin outside-in signaling such as platelet spreading and clot retraction is augmented in Jam-A-deficient platelets. We conclude that JAM-A normally limits platelet accumulation by inhibiting integrin outside-in signaling thus preventing premature platelet activation.
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Abstract
The study of clot retraction in vitro has been adopted as a simple and reproducible approach to assess platelet function. Plasma clots should retract away from the sides of a glass tube within a few hours allowing the rapid characterization of outside-in signaling through platelet integrin α(IIb)β(3). In this chapter, we describe the role of platelets in fibrin clot retraction and provide a detailed description of the methods used to assess this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Tucker
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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46
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Feghhi S, Sniadecki NJ. Mechanobiology of platelets: techniques to study the role of fluid flow and platelet retraction forces at the micro- and nano-scale. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:9009-30. [PMID: 22272117 PMCID: PMC3257114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12129009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulation involves a complex set of events that are important in maintaining hemostasis. Biochemical interactions are classically known to regulate the hemostatic process, but recent evidence has revealed that mechanical interactions between platelets and their surroundings can also play a substantial role. Investigations into platelet mechanobiology have been challenging however, due to the small dimensions of platelets and their glycoprotein receptors. Platelet researchers have recently turned to microfabricated devices to control these physical, nanometer-scale interactions with a higher degree of precision. These approaches have enabled exciting, new insights into the molecular and biomechanical factors that affect platelets in clot formation. In this review, we highlight the new tools used to understand platelet mechanobiology and the roles of adhesion, shear flow, and retraction forces in clot formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Feghhi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Stevens Way, Box 352600, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Nathan J. Sniadecki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Stevens Way, Box 352600, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-206-685-6591; Fax: +1-206-685-8047
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47
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Lam WA, Chaudhuri O, Crow A, Webster KD, Li TD, Kita A, Huang J, Fletcher DA. Mechanics and contraction dynamics of single platelets and implications for clot stiffening. NATURE MATERIALS 2011; 10:61-6. [PMID: 21131961 PMCID: PMC3236662 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Platelets interact with fibrin polymers to form blood clots at sites of vascular injury. Bulk studies have shown clots to be active materials, with platelet contraction driving the retraction and stiffening of clots. However, neither the dynamics of single-platelet contraction nor the strength and elasticity of individual platelets, both of which are important for understanding clot material properties, have been directly measured. Here we use atomic force microscopy to measure the mechanics and dynamics of single platelets. We find that platelets contract nearly instantaneously when activated by contact with fibrinogen and complete contraction within 15 min. Individual platelets can generate an average maximum contractile force of 29 nN and form adhesions stronger than 70 nN. Our measurements show that when exposed to stiffer microenvironments, platelets generated higher stall forces, which indicates that platelets may be able to contract heterogeneous clots more uniformly. The high elasticity of individual platelets, measured to be 10 kPa after contraction, combined with their high contractile forces, indicates that clots may be stiffened through direct reinforcement by platelets as well as by strain stiffening of fibrin under tension due to platelet contraction. These results show how the mechanosensitivity and mechanics of single cells can be used to dynamically alter the material properties of physiologic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilbur A. Lam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Ailey Crow
- Graduate group in Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Kevin D. Webster
- Graduate group in Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Tai-De Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Ashley Kita
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - James Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Daniel A. Fletcher
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Graduate group in Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to D.A.F.
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48
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Elvers M, Pozgaj R, Pleines I, May F, Kuijpers MJE, Heemskerk JMW, Yu P, Nieswandt B. Platelet hyperreactivity and a prothrombotic phenotype in mice with a gain-of-function mutation in phospholipase Cgamma2. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:1353-63. [PMID: 20230420 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agonist-induced platelet activation involves different signaling pathways leading to the activation of phospholipase C (PLC) beta or PLCgamma2. Activated PLC produces inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol, which trigger Ca(2+) mobilization and the activation of protein kinase C, respectively. PLCbeta is activated downstream of Gq-coupled receptors for soluble agonists with only short interaction times in flowing blood. In contrast, PLCgamma2 becomes activated downstream of receptors that interact with immobilized ligands such as the collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP) VI or activated integrins. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We speculated that PLCgamma2 activity might be optimized for sustained but submaximal signaling to control relatively slow platelet responses. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed platelets from mice heterozygous for a gain-of-function mutation in the Plcg2 gene (Plcg2(Ali5/+)). RESULTS Plcg2(Ali5/+) platelets showed enhanced Ca(2+) mobilization, integrin activation, granule secretion and phosphatidylserine exposure upon GPVI or C-type lectin-like receptor-2 stimulation. Furthermore, integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) outside-in signaling was markedly enhanced in the mutant platelets, as shown by accelerated spreading on different matrices and faster clot retraction. These defects translated into virtually unlimited thrombus formation on collagen under flow in vitro and a prothrombotic phenotype in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the enzymatic activity of PLCgamma2 is tightly regulated to ensure efficient but limited platelet activation at sites of vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elvers
- Chair of Vascular Medicine, University Clinic, and Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Germany
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Takizawa H, Nishimura S, Takayama N, Oda A, Nishikii H, Morita Y, Kakinuma S, Yamazaki S, Okamura S, Tamura N, Goto S, Sawaguchi A, Manabe I, Takatsu K, Nakauchi H, Takaki S, Eto K. Lnk regulates integrin alphaIIbbeta3 outside-in signaling in mouse platelets, leading to stabilization of thrombus development in vivo. J Clin Invest 2009; 120:179-90. [PMID: 20038804 DOI: 10.1172/jci39503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of the in vivo cellular events underlying thrombus formation mediated by platelet activation remains unclear because of the absence of a modality for analysis. Lymphocyte adaptor protein (Lnk; also known as Sh2b3) is an adaptor protein that inhibits thrombopoietin-mediated signaling, and as a result, megakaryocyte and platelet counts are elevated in Lnk-/- mice. Here we describe an unanticipated role for Lnk in stabilizing thrombus formation and clarify the activities of Lnk in platelets transduced through integrin alphaIIbbeta3-mediated outside-in signaling. We equalized platelet counts in wild-type and Lnk-/- mice by using genetic depletion of Lnk and BM transplantation. Using FeCl3- or laser-induced injury and in vivo imaging that enabled observation of single platelet behavior and the multiple steps in thrombus formation, we determined that Lnk is an essential contributor to the stabilization of developing thrombi within vessels. Lnk-/- platelets exhibited a reduced ability to fully spread on fibrinogen and mediate clot retraction, reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of the beta3 integrin subunit, and reduced binding of Fyn to integrin alphaIIbbeta3. These results provide new insight into the mechanism of alphaIIbbeta3-based outside-in signaling, which appears to be coordinated in platelets by Lnk, Fyn, and integrins. Outside-in signaling modulators could represent new therapeutic targets for the prevention of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Takizawa
- Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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50
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D'Amico G, Jones DT, Nye E, Sapienza K, Ramjuan AR, Reynolds LE, Robinson SD, Kostourou V, Martinez D, Aubyn D, Grose R, Thomas GJ, Spencer-Dene B, Zicha D, Davies D, Tybulewicz V, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Regulation of lymphatic-blood vessel separation by endothelial Rac1. Development 2009; 136:4043-53. [PMID: 19906871 PMCID: PMC2778747 DOI: 10.1242/dev.035014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sprouting angiogenesis and lymphatic-blood vessel segregation both involve the migration of endothelial cells, but the precise migratory molecules that govern the decision of blood vascular endothelial cells to segregate into lymphatic vasculature are unknown. Here, we deleted endothelial Rac1 in mice (Tie1-Cre(+);Rac1(fl/fl)) and revealed, unexpectedly, that whereas blood vessel morphology appeared normal, lymphatic-blood vessel separation was impaired, with corresponding edema, haemorrhage and embryonic lethality. Importantly, normal levels of Rac1 were essential for directed endothelial cell migratory responses to lymphatic-inductive signals. Our studies identify Rac1 as a crucial part of the migratory machinery required for endothelial cells to separate and form lymphatic vasculature.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Vessels/metabolism
- Cell Separation/methods
- Cells, Cultured
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/embryology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct
- Fluorescent Dyes/metabolism
- Galactosides/metabolism
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Immunohistochemistry
- Indoles/metabolism
- Lymphatic Vessels/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Receptor, TIE-2/genetics
- Receptor, TIE-2/metabolism
- Transfection
- beta-Galactosidase/metabolism
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/analysis
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela D'Amico
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Dylan T. Jones
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Emma Nye
- Experimental Histopathology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - Karen Sapienza
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Antoine R. Ramjuan
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Louise E. Reynolds
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Stephen D. Robinson
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Vassiliki Kostourou
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- BSRC Alexander Fleming, 34 Fleming street, 166 72 Vari, Athens, Greece
| | - Dolores Martinez
- Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - Deborah Aubyn
- Light Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - Richard Grose
- Growth Factor Signalling Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Gareth J. Thomas
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Bradley Spencer-Dene
- Experimental Histopathology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK
- Histopathology, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Daniel Zicha
- Light Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - Derek Davies
- Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - Victor Tybulewicz
- Division of Immune Cell Biology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Kairbaan M. Hodivala-Dilke
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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