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Kobayashi T, Hirayama M, Nogami M, Meguro K, Iiduka M, Foidart JM, Douxfils J, Harada T. Impact of Estetrol Combined with Drospirenone on Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Patients with Endometriosis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Active-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2024; 30:10760296241286514. [PMID: 39327996 DOI: 10.1177/10760296241286514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism is a serious safety concern in women using combined oral contraceptives; ethinyl estradiol (EE) is widely used as an estrogen. Estetrol (E4) is a native estrogen with selective tissue activity and exclusively produced by the fetal liver. This study used a multicenter, randomized, open-label, active-controlled, parallel-group design to evaluate the effects of E4 combined with drospirenone (DRSP) on coagulation and fibrinolysis in Japanese patients with endometriosis. Participants were randomized to receive either E4 15 mg/DRSP 3 mg or EE 20 µg/DRSP 3 mg for 12 weeks. E4/DRSP and EE/DRSP were administered orally once a day in a cyclic regimen, ie, 24-day active use followed by a 4-day hormone-free period, and a flexible extended regimen, respectively, and blood coagulation and fibrinolysis markers were measured. The effect on coagulation and fibrinolysis was considerably less in the E4/DRSP group than in the EE/DRSP group. Major anticoagulant proteins, protein S (free, total) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (free), were reduced following EE/DRSP treatment. Consequently, thrombin generation determined by the activated protein C sensitivity ratio was increased by approximately 4-fold in the EE/DRSP group than in the E4/DRSP group. Eventually, the fibrinolysis cascade was triggered to compensate for disturbed coagulation, and D-dimer levels were 4.7-fold higher in the EE/DRSP group than in the E4/DRSP group. This study demonstrated that the effect of E4/DRSP on the blood coagulation and fibrinolysis cascades was significantly less than that of EE/DRSP in participants with endometriosis, a disease of women of advanced and reproductive age (jRCT2080225090, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCT2080225090).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirayama
- Department of Clinical Development, Fuji Pharma Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nogami
- Department of Clinical Development, Fuji Pharma Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanna Meguro
- Department of Clinical Development, Fuji Pharma Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Iiduka
- Department of Clinical Development, Fuji Pharma Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jean-Michel Foidart
- Estetra SRL, Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Douxfils
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Clinical Pharmacology Research Group, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
- Research Department, Qualiblood sa, Namur, Belgium
| | - Tasuku Harada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
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Raman R, Fallatah W, Al Qaryoute A, Dhinoja S, Jagadeeswaran P. Knockdown screening of chromatin binding and regulatory proteins in zebrafish identified Suz12b as a regulator of tfpia and an antithrombotic drug target. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15238. [PMID: 34315984 PMCID: PMC8316476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94715-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is an anticoagulant protein that inhibits factor VIIa and Xa in the coagulation cascade. It has been shown that forkhead box P3 protein is a TFPI transcriptional repressor. However, there are no studies on chromatin remodeling that control TFPI expression. We hypothesized that the genome-wide knockdowns of the chromatin binding and regulatory proteins (CBRPs) in zebrafish could identify novel tfpia gene regulators. As an initial step, we selected 69 CBRP genes from the list of zebrafish thrombocyte-expressed genes. We then performed a 3-gene piggyback knockdown screen of these 69 genes, followed by quantification of tfpia mRNA levels. The results revealed that knockdown of brd7, ing2, ing3, ing4, and suz12b increased tfpia mRNA levels. The simultaneous knockdown of these 5 genes also increased tfpia mRNA levels. We also performed individual gene and simultaneous 5-gene knockdowns on the 5 genes in zebrafish larvae. We found that after laser injury, it took a longer time for the formation of the thrombus to occlude the caudal vessel compared to the control larvae. We then treated the larvae and adults with a chemical UNC6852 known to proteolytically degrade polycomb repressor complex 2, where SUZ12 is a member, and observed prolongation of time to occlude (TTO) the caudal vein after laser injury and increased tfpia mRNA levels in larvae and adults, respectively. In summary, our results have identified novel epigenetic regulators for tfpia and exploited this information to discover a drug that enhances tfpia mRNA levels and prolongation of TTO. This discovery provides the basis for testing whether UNC6852 could be used as an antithrombotic drug. This approach could be used to study the regulation of other plasma proteins, including coagulant and anticoagulant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathi Raman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1511 West Sycamore Street, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Weam Fallatah
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1511 West Sycamore Street, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Ayah Al Qaryoute
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1511 West Sycamore Street, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Sanchi Dhinoja
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1511 West Sycamore Street, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Pudur Jagadeeswaran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1511 West Sycamore Street, Denton, TX, 76203, USA.
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Jang YS, Lee ES, Kim YK. Venous thromboembolism associated with combined oral contraceptive use: a single-institution experience. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2021; 64:337-344. [PMID: 33794564 PMCID: PMC8290149 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.20374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are used for various reasons. However, venous thromboembolism (VTE), a significant side effect, can be fatal. This study reports the first case series in Korea involving patients with COC-associated VTE registered at a university hospital. METHODS This study recruited 13 patients diagnosed with COC-associated VTE between June 2006 and May 2018. Risk factors, including age, body mass index, smoking habits, estrogen dosage, type of progestin, and duration of COC use, were evaluated. RESULTS Among patients with VTE, 9 showed pulmonary embolism (PE) concomitant with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, the remaining patients showed DVT (1 patient), PE (1 patient), and cerebral venous thrombosis (2 patients). The median duration between the onset of symptoms and a hospital visit was 3 days, and it sometimes took as long as 32 days. Among the 10 patients with PE, 1 high-risk group and 2 intermediate-high risk groups were treated with tissue plasminogen activators before anticoagulants. There were no cases of recurrence among patients who continued to take anticoagulants for 3 months. CONCLUSION These findings emphasize that healthcare professionals who prescribe or dispense COCs to women must inform them of the risk of VTE, including the risk factors, differences in risk depending on the type of progestin present in the product, and pertinent signs and symptoms. Efforts should also be made to inform patients of VTE, even through information campaigns such as brochures. Most importantly, women should remain alert for signs and symptoms of VTE when using COCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Su Jang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan,
Korea
| | - Eun Sil Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Yang-Ki Kim
- Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
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Tinholt M, Garred Ø, Borgen E, Beraki E, Schlichting E, Kristensen V, Sahlberg KK, Iversen N. Subtype-specific clinical and prognostic relevance of tumor-expressed F5 and regulatory F5 variants in breast cancer: the CoCaV study. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:1347-1356. [PMID: 29766637 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Essentials The role of coagulation factor V (encoded by F5) in cancer pathogenesis is unknown. The clinical significance of tumor-expressed F5 was evaluated in breast cancer patient cohorts. F5 was expressed in human breast tumors, and the expression was higher than in normal tissue. High F5 expression was associated with aggressive tumors, but also with survival in breast cancer. SUMMARY Background Tumor expression of certain coagulation factors has been linked to cancer progression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in F5 (encoding the FV protein) have been found to be associated with breast cancer; however, the role of coagulation factor V (FV) in cancer pathogenesis remains undiscovered. Objectives We aimed to investigate the clinical significance of FV and the regulatory role of F5 gene variants in breast cancer. Patients/Methods A Scandinavian 503-sample breast cancer cohort and three public breast cancer datasets (GOBO, TCGA and KM plotter) were used to determine associations between F5 gene expression (tumor-specific), circulating FV, F5 SNPs, clinical characteristics and breast cancer survival. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect FV antigen in tumors. Results F5 expression was 2-fold higher in breast tumors compared with normal tissue, and the presence of FV antigen in breast tumors was confirmed by IHC staining. F5 expression was increased in patients with hormone receptor negative tumors, triple negative tumors, HER2-enriched and basal-like tumors. In patients with basal tumors, high expression of F5 was associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratio, HR = 0.52, 95% confidence interval, 0.31-0.86). SNPs in F5 were associated with tumor size and luminal A tumors. The rs6427202-rs9332542 C-G haplotype, previously associated with breast cancer, displayed a cis-regulatory effect on F5 expression in tumors and plasma FV antigen levels. In silico mining supported this regulatory function. Conclusions FV was a possible marker of aggressive breast cancer, yet also a predictor of favorable outcome. Evaluation of FV expression may be clinically useful for prognosis and treatment decisions in aggressive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tinholt
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ø Garred
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Borgen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Beraki
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Schlichting
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - V Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - K K Sahlberg
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Vestre Viken, Drammen, Norway
| | - N Iversen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Comprehensive analysis of haemostatic profile depending on clinicopathological determinants in breast cancer patients. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171657. [PMID: 29475895 PMCID: PMC5874264 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is one of the leading causes of mortality in cancer patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentrations and activities of selected haemostatic parameters in the plasma of patients diagnosed with breast cancer (BrCa) and to make an attempt at finding associations with their levels and selected clinicopathological factors; clinical classification, histological grading, and molecular subtype of BrCa. The study involved 145 Caucasian ethnicity women. Eighty-five women aged 45-66 with primary BrCa without distant metastases (M0). Inclusion criteria were as follows: histopathological examination confirming the diagnosis of primary BrCa, without previous radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The control group consisted of 60, post-menopausal women, aged 45-68. Haemostatic profile expressed by concentrations and activities of tissue factor (TF) and its inhibitor (TFPI) as well as concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) were measured applying immunoassay techniques. A significantly higher concentration of PAI-1 was noted in patients with BrCa localized in the left breast. We observed significantly lower activity of TFPI and significantly higher concentration of PAI-1 in the group of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma as compared with invasive lobular carcinoma. A significantly higher concentration of t-PA in patients with pT2 BrCa in relation to pT1 cases was noted. Based on comprehensive analysis of haemostatic profile depending on clinicopathological features, we suggest that haemostatic parameters play crucial roles in invasion and metastases of malignant tumours.
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Curran AM, Fogarty Draper C, Scott-Boyer MP, Valsesia A, Roche HM, Ryan MF, Gibney MJ, Kutmon M, Evelo CT, Coort SL, Astrup A, Saris WH, Brennan L, Kaput J. Sexual Dimorphism, Age, and Fat Mass Are Key Phenotypic Drivers of Proteomic Signatures. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:4122-4133. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aoife M. Curran
- Institute
of Food and Health, Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Colleen Fogarty Draper
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Leiden
Academic Centre for Drug Research, Analytical BioSciences, Leiden University, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Pier Scott-Boyer
- The Microsoft Research − University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI), 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Armand Valsesia
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Helen M. Roche
- Institute
of Food and Health, Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical
Research and UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Public Health,
Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 Republic of Ireland
| | - Miriam F. Ryan
- Institute
of Food and Health, Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Michael J. Gibney
- Institute
of Food and Health, Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Martina Kutmon
- Department
of Bioinformatics − BiGCaT, School of Nutrition and Translational
Research in Metabolism and Maastricht
Centre for Systems Biology (McCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chris T. Evelo
- Department
of Bioinformatics − BiGCaT, School of Nutrition and Translational
Research in Metabolism and Maastricht
Centre for Systems Biology (McCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Susan L. Coort
- Department
of Bioinformatics − BiGCaT, School of Nutrition and Translational
Research in Metabolism and Maastricht
Centre for Systems Biology (McCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department
of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wim H. Saris
- Department
of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in
Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- Institute
of Food and Health, Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Jim Kaput
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Kobayashi T, Sugiura K, Ojima T. Risks of thromboembolism associated with hormone contraceptives in Japanese compared with Western women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 43:789-797. [PMID: 28422361 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We extracted 581 thromboembolic events associated with combined oral contraceptives (COC) that occurred between 2004 and 2013 in Japan, from the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency database. The most common thromboembolic events associated with COC were deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and their combination. The reported thromboembolic events increased year by year, in association with an increase in the quantity of prescribed low-dose estrogen progestin after approval for health insurance coverage for dysmenorrhea in 2008 in Japan. The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Japanese COC users is estimated to be lower compared with their Western counterparts. In contrast, the frequency of all thromboembolic events peaked at 90 days from the start of COC, as in Western studies. The risk of VTE in the overweight group (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 ) was more than twofold higher than in the standard group, and age-specific incidence rate rose sharply after the age of 40. There were different VTE risks according to progestin type in Japan as in Western countries, but a definite conclusion about risk according to progestin type was not able to be reached at present. As for the risk of arterial embolism and thrombosis, the difference by progestin type was small, but it became higher at ≥50 years of age. Last, mortality rate caused by thromboembolism is extremely low among COC users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuko Sugiura
- Department of Reproductive Health Nursing/Midwifery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Nursing, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Andresen MS, Ali HO, Myklebust CF, Sandset PM, Stavik B, Iversen N, Skretting G. Estrogen induced expression of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 in MCF7 cells involves lysine-specific demethylase 1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 443:80-88. [PMID: 28088469 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive cancers can be influenced by estrogens, a process usually mediated through the estrogen receptor (ER). Tissue factor pathway inhibitor type 2 (TFPI-2) is a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor involved in regulating the extracellular matrix. The present study demonstrates that the expression of TFPI-2 can be induced by estrogens. Breast cancer data from GOBO displayed increased levels of TFPI-2 and increased survival in patients with ERα+ tumors. Treatment of MCF7 cells (ERα+) with 17β-estradiol (E2) or 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) increased TFPI-2 mRNA and protein levels. This effect was mitigated with fulvestrant and by knocking down ERα, indicating that estrogen mediated TFPI-2 induction was through ERα. Upon knock down of DNA cytosine-5 methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) or lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in MCF7 cells, reduced effect of E2 on TFPI-2 mRNA levels was observed. Our data thus suggest that estrogen induced TFPI-2 expression in MCF7 cells is mediated by ERα and also by the action of LSD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Andresen
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Huda Omar Ali
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiane Filion Myklebust
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedicte Stavik
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Iversen
- Dept. of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Grethe Skretting
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
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Impact of combined hormonal contraceptives on vessels functionality. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2016; 294:1317-1322. [PMID: 27501928 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-016-4170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the dynamic and static retinal vascular functionality in young females using combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC). METHODS Thirty-eight consecutive young female subjects were enrolled in this study between January 2015 and December 2015. Subjects were divided in two groups: CHC group, defined as CHC use for ≥6 months, and control group, defined as no current and prior CHC use. Participants underwent a dynamic and static retinal vessel analysis using the Dynamic Vessel Analyzer (DVA, Imedos, Jena, Germany). RESULTS Seventeen subjects continuously took CHC for 54.6 ± 29.3 months, while 21 subjects belonged to control group. No difference was found between the CHC and control groups for age (p = 0.1), smoking status (p = 0.6), and systolic (p = 0.3) and diastolic (p = 0.1) blood pressure. With regard to dynamic analysis, women taking CHC exhibited a marked significant vasoconstriction following flicker stimulation in comparison with control group (-2.43 ± 2.5 vs 0.63 ± 2.1, respectively; p = 0.0002). No significant difference was observed between groups for mean arterial (p = 0.2) and venous dilatations (p = 0.3), arteriovenous ratio (p = 0.09), central retinal artery equivalent (p = 0.4), and central retinal venous equivalent (p = 0.5). CONCLUSIONS CHC may affect vessel reactivity to flicker light by increasing arteries constriction. This may reflect systemic changes in vascular functionality in subjects using CHC. Moreover, CHC should be considered as a confounding bias in studies involving DVA.
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Ali HO, Arroyo AB, González-Conejero R, Stavik B, Iversen N, Sandset PM, Martínez C, Skretting G. The role of microRNA-27a/b and microRNA-494 in estrogen-mediated downregulation of tissue factor pathway inhibitor α. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1226-37. [PMID: 26999003 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Essentials Estrogens are known to influence the expression of microRNAs in breast cancer cells. We looked at microRNAs in estrogenic regulation of tissue factor pathway inhibitor α (TFPIα). Estrogen upregulated microRNA-27a/b and microRNA-494 through the estrogen receptor α. MicroRNA-27a/b and microRNA-494 are partly involved in estrogenic downregulation of TFPIα. SUMMARY Background Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) has been linked to breast cancer pathogenesis. We have recently reported TFPI mRNA levels to be downregulated by estrogens in a breast cancer cell line (MCF7) through the estrogen receptor α (ERα). Accumulating evidence also indicates that activation of ERα signaling by estrogens may modulate the expression of target genes indirectly through microRNAs (miRNAs). Objectives To examine if miRNAs are involved in the estrogenic downregulation of TFPIα. Methods Computational analysis of the TFPI 3'-untranslated region (UTR) identified potential binding sites for miR-19a/b, miR-27a/b, miR-494, and miR-24. Transient overexpression or inhibition of the respective miRNAs was achieved by transfection of miRNA mimics or inhibitors. Direct targeting of TFPI 3'-UTR by miR-27a/b and miR-494 was determined by luciferase reporter assay in HEK293T cells. Effects of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and fulvestrant on relative miR-27a/b, miR-494, and TFPI mRNA levels in MCF7 cells were determined by qRT-PCR and secreted TFPIα protein by ELISA. Transient knockdown of ERα was achieved by siRNA transfection. Results EE2 treatment lead to a significant increase in miR-19a, miR-27a/b, miR-494, and miR-24 mRNA levels in MCF7 cells through ERα. miR-27a/b and miR-494 mimics lead to reduced TFPI mRNA and protein levels. Luciferase assay showed direct targeting of miR-27a/b and miR-494 on TFPI mRNA. Impaired estrogen-mediated downregulation of TFPI mRNA was detected in anti-miR-27a/b and anti-miR-494 transfected cells. Conclusions Our results provide evidence that miR-27a/b and miR-494 regulate TFPIα expression and suggest a possible role of these miRNAs in the estrogen-mediated downregulation of TFPIα.
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Affiliation(s)
- H O Ali
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A B Arroyo
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - R González-Conejero
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - B Stavik
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - N Iversen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - P M Sandset
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - C Martínez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - G Skretting
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Ali HO, Stavik B, Myklebust CF, Andersen E, Dahm AEA, Iversen N, Sandset PM, Skretting G. Oestrogens Downregulate Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor through Oestrogen Response Elements in the 5'-Flanking Region. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152114. [PMID: 26999742 PMCID: PMC4801176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oestrogens influence the pathology and development of hormone-sensitive breast cancers. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) has been shown to be associated with breast cancer pathogenesis. Recently, we found TFPI mRNA levels to be significantly reduced by oestrogens in a breast cancer cell line (MCF7), a process mediated through the oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα). The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism(s) by which oestrogens may regulate TFPI at the transcriptional level. The TFPI 5’-flanking region contains three oestrogen response element (ERE) half-sites at positions -845, -769 and -50. Constructs containing the wild type or mutated ERE half-sites of the TFPI 5’-flanking region were generated in a luciferase reporter gene vector and transiently co-transfected with an ERα expression vector into HEK293 cells and subsequently treated with oestrogens. We found that luciferase activity was significantly downregulated after oestrogen stimulation in cells transfected with the wild type construct, an effect that was abolished by mutating either ERE half-sites. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay suggested direct and specific interaction of ERα with the ERE half-sites in the TFPI 5’-flanking region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that ERα was recruited to the region -899 to -578 of the TFPI 5’-flanking region in vivo, where the ERE half-sites -845 and -769 are located. Our results indicate that ERα can interact with all three ERE half-sites in the TFPI 5’-flanking region and thus participate in the repression of oestrogen mediated TFPI transcription in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Omar Ali
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedicte Stavik
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiane Filion Myklebust
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Andersen
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders E. A. Dahm
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Akershus University Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway
| | - Nina Iversen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Grethe Skretting
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
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12
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Risks of thromboembolism associated with hormonal contraceptives related to body mass index and aging in Japanese women. Thromb Res 2016; 137:11-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Thromboembolism as the adverse event of combined oral contraceptives in Japan. Thromb Res 2015; 136:1110-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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