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Eid AM, Issa L, Arar K, Abu-Zant A, Makhloof M, Masarweh Y. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity activities, formulation, and characterization of a self-nanoemulsion system loaded with pomegranate (Punica granatum) seed oil. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18841. [PMID: 39138188 PMCID: PMC11322287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a tree of the Punicaceae family that is widespread all over the world and has several types and therapeutic uses. The current study aimed to investigate the phytochemical compounds by GC analysis and carried out physical characterization of the pomegranate seed oil and its self-nanoemulsifying system. Then antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-lipase activities were investigated for both.The pomegranate seed oil was extracted, and its self-nanoemulsifying system was then prepared. Phytochemical compounds were analyzed by GC, and physical characterization was established of the pomegranate seed oil and its self-nanoemulsifying system. Then antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-lipase activities were investigated for both.The GC-MS analysis revealed that punicic acid, β-eleosteric acid, catalpic acid, α-eleosteric acid, and oleic acid were the most predominant compounds in pomegranate seed oil. Other active compounds like linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and α-linolenic acid were detected in trace percentages. The self-nanoemulsifying system was prepared using various concentrations of surfactant (Tween 80), co-surfactant (Span 80), and pomegranate seed oil. The selected formulation had a PDI of 0.229 ± 0.09 and a droplet size of 189.44 ± 2.1 nm. The free radical scavenging activity of pomegranate seed oil, the self-emulsifying system, and Trolox was conducted using DPPH. The oil-self-nanoemulsifying system showed potent antioxidant activity compared to Trolox. Also, pomegranate oil inhibited α-amylase with a weak IC50 value of 354.81 ± 2.3 µg/ml. The oil self-nanoemulsifying system showed potent activity compared to acarbose and had a weaker IC50 value (616.59 ± 2.1 µg/ml) and a potent IC50 value (43.65 ± 1.9 µg/ml) compared to orlistat.Pomegranate seed oil self-nanoemulsifying system could be applied in the future for the preparation of possible oral medications for the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress, diabetes, and obesity due to its high activity against free radical, amylase, and lipase enzymes compared to pomegranate seed oil itself and the references used. This study reveals that self-nanoemulsion systems can enhance oil drug formulations by improving pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, acting as drug reservoirs, and facilitating efficient oil release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad M Eid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Linda Issa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Khalid Arar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Abu-Zant
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Makhloof
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Yazan Masarweh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
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Khwathisi A, Madala NE, Traore AN, Samie A. Bioprospecting of soil-borne microorganisms and chemical dereplication of their anti-microbial constituents with the aid of UPLC-QTOF-MS and molecular networking approach. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17364. [PMID: 39035159 PMCID: PMC11260408 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms, the search for broad-spectrum antimicrobial compounds has become extremely crucial. Natural sources like plants and soils have been explored for diverse metabolites with antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to identify microorganisms from agricultural soils exhibiting antimicrobial effects against known human pathogens, and to highlight the chemical space of the responsible compounds through the computational metabolomics-based bioprospecting approach. Herein, bacteria were extracted from soil samples and their antimicrobial potential was measured via the agar well diffusion method. Methanolic extracts from the active bacteria were analyzed using the liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) technique, and the subsequent data was further analyzed through molecular networking approach which aided in identification of potential anti-microbial compounds. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing enabled identification of the active bacterial isolates, where isolate 1 and 2 were identified as strains of Bacillus pumilus, whilst isolate 3 was found to be Bacillus subtilis. Interestingly, isolate 3 (Bacillus subtilis) displayed wide-ranging antimicrobial activity against the tested human pathogens. Molecular networking revealed the presence of Diketopiperazine compounds such as cyclo (D-Pro-D-Leu), cyclo (L-Tyr-L-Pro), cyclo (L-Pro-D-Phe), and cyclo (L-Pro-L-Val), alongside Surfactin C, Surfactin B, Pumilacidin E, and Isarrin D in the Bacillus strains as the main anti-microbial compounds. The application of the molecular networking approach represents an innovation in the field of bio-guided bioprospection of microorganisms and has proved to be an effective and feasible towards unearthing potent antimicrobial compounds. Additionally, the (computational metabolomics-based) approach accelerates the discovery of bioactive compounds and isolation of strains which offer a promising avenue for discovering new clinical antimicrobials. Finally, soil microbial flora could serve an alternative source of anti-microbial compounds which can assist in the fight against emergence of multi-drug resistance bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adivhaho Khwathisi
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda for Science and Technology, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda for Science and Technology, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Afsatou Ndama Traore
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda for Science and Technology, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Amidou Samie
- Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda for Science and Technology, Thohoyandou, South Africa
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Asmaey MA. Unravelling the Secrets of α-Pyrones from Aspergillus Fungi: A Comprehensive Review of Their Natural Sources, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301185. [PMID: 37823671 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus, one of the most product-rich and genetically robust genera, contains a diverse range of species with potential economic and ecological implications. Chemically, Aspergillus is one of the essential sources of polyketides, alkaloids, diphenyl ethers, diketopiperazines, and other miscellaneous compounds, displaying a variety of pharmacological activities. The α-pyrones are unsaturated six-membered lactones. Although α-pyrone has a small structure, it is responsible for the structural diversity of several natural and synthetic compounds and multiple biological activities. In this review, we have summarized approximately 178 α-pyrone containing metabolites derivatives identified/reported from terrestrial, marine, endophytic, and filamentous Aspergillus species, including their sources, biological properties, and biosynthetic pathways until mid-2023, for the first time. This review is the first to compile and analyze the available data on α-pyrone metabolites from Aspergillus, which could facilitate further research and innovation in this field. Additionally, it offers a valuable source of scaffolds for future bioactive drug development, as some of these metabolites have shown potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Therefore, this review has significant implications for the advancement of natural product chemistry, pharmacology, biotechnology, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Asmaey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
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Math HH, Kumar RS, Chakraborty B, Almansour AI, Perumal K, Kantli GB, Nayaka S. Antimicrobial Efficacy of 7-Hydroxyflavone Derived from Amycolatopsis sp. HSN-02 and Its Biocontrol Potential on Cercospora Leaf Spot Disease in Tomato Plants. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1175. [PMID: 37508271 PMCID: PMC10376496 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The actinomycete strain HSN-02 was isolated from the soil of a mining field in the Sandur region, Bellary, Karnataka, India. According to the morphological, cultural, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the strain HSN-02 was identified as Amycolatopsis sp. The antimicrobial activity strain HSN-02 presented stable and moderate inhibitory activity against human pathogens. In pot experiments in the greenhouse, the development of Cercospora leaf spot was markedly suppressed by treatment with the purified compound from the strain HSN-02, and the control efficacy was 45.04 ± 1.30% in Septoria lycopersici-infected tomato plants. A prominent compound was obtained from the fermentation broth of the strain HSN-02 using column chromatography and HPLC. The chemical structural analyses using UV, FTIR, HR-ESI-MS, and NMR confirmed that the compound produced by the strain HSN-02 is 7-hydroxyflavone. This investigation showed the role which the actinomycete strain can play in controlling leaf spots caused by S. lycopersici to reduce treatments with chemical fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halaswamy Hire Math
- P.G. Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India
| | - Raju Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bidhayak Chakraborty
- P.G. Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdulrahman I Almansour
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karthikeyan Perumal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Girish Babu Kantli
- Department of Life Sciences, PIAS, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, India
| | - Sreenivasa Nayaka
- P.G. Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India
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Lu X, Huang L, Chen J, Ou Y, Wu J, Bodjrenou DM, Hu J, Zhang Y, Farag MA, Guo Z, Xiao J, Zheng B. Marine glycoproteins: a mine of their structures, functions and potential applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:9191-9209. [PMID: 37165485 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2209183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Many bioactive compounds are reported from marine organisms, which are significantly different from those found in terrestrial organisms regarding their chemical structures and pharmacological activities. Marine glycoproteins (MGs) have aroused increasing attention as a good nutrient source owing to their potential applications in medicine, cosmetics and food. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive study on MGs to help readers understand the current state of research on marine-derived glycoproteins. The current review compiles the recent progress made on the structures and functions of MGs with future perspectives to maximize their value and applications via bibliometric analysis methods for the first time. The current research on MGs appears mostly limited to the laboratory, with no large-scale production of marine glycoproteins developed. The sugar chains are bound to proteins through covalent bonds that can readily be cleaved leading to difficultly in their separation and purification. Health effects attributed to MGs include treatment of inflammatory diseases, as well as anti-oxidant, immune modulation, anti-tumor, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, anti-bacterial and anti-freeze activities. This review can not only deepen the understanding of the functions of MGs, but also lay an important foundation for the further development and utilization of marine resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Lu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Luyao Huang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yujia Ou
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingru Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - David Mahoudjro Bodjrenou
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiamiao Hu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zebin Guo
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Baodong Zheng
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Ayon NJ. High-Throughput Screening of Natural Product and Synthetic Molecule Libraries for Antibacterial Drug Discovery. Metabolites 2023; 13:625. [PMID: 37233666 PMCID: PMC10220967 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the continued emergence of resistance and a lack of new and promising antibiotics, bacterial infection has become a major public threat. High-throughput screening (HTS) allows rapid screening of a large collection of molecules for bioactivity testing and holds promise in antibacterial drug discovery. More than 50% of the antibiotics that are currently available on the market are derived from natural products. However, with the easily discoverable antibiotics being found, finding new antibiotics from natural sources has seen limited success. Finding new natural sources for antibacterial activity testing has also proven to be challenging. In addition to exploring new sources of natural products and synthetic biology, omics technology helped to study the biosynthetic machinery of existing natural sources enabling the construction of unnatural synthesizers of bioactive molecules and the identification of molecular targets of antibacterial agents. On the other hand, newer and smarter strategies have been continuously pursued to screen synthetic molecule libraries for new antibiotics and new druggable targets. Biomimetic conditions are explored to mimic the real infection model to better study the ligand-target interaction to enable the designing of more effective antibacterial drugs. This narrative review describes various traditional and contemporaneous approaches of high-throughput screening of natural products and synthetic molecule libraries for antibacterial drug discovery. It further discusses critical factors for HTS assay design, makes a general recommendation, and discusses possible alternatives to traditional HTS of natural products and synthetic molecule libraries for antibacterial drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid J Ayon
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Miral A, Ferron S, Rouaud I, Slyambayev D, Bousarghin L, Camuzet C, Belouzard S, Séron K, Le Pogam P, Tranchimand S, Tomasi S. Eremoxylarins D-J, Antibacterial Eremophilane Sesquiterpenes Discovered from an Endolichenic Strain of Xylaria hypoxylon. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:730-738. [PMID: 36892834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An endolichenic strain of the Ascomycetaceous Xylaria hypoxylon, cultivated alone or in coculture with another endolichenic fungus Dendrothyrium variisporum, produced seven new bioactive eremophilane sesquiterpenes eremoxylarins D-J (1-7). The isolated compounds disclosed a high similarity with the eremophilane core of the bioactive integric acid, and structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectra and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. Eremoxylarins D, F, G, and I showed a selective activity against Gram-positive bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 0.39 and 12.5 μg/mL. Eremoxylarin I, the most antibacterial active sesquiterpene, was also active against HCoV-229E at a concentration nontoxic to the hepatoma Huh-7 cell line with an 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 18.1 μM and a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 46.6 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Miral
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Solenn Ferron
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Rouaud
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Dinmukhammed Slyambayev
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Latifa Bousarghin
- INSERM, Univ. Rennes, INRAE, CHU Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), UMR 1317, Biosit, MRic/ISFR, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Charline Camuzet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Belouzard
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Karin Séron
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pierre Le Pogam
- Équipe Chimie des Substances Naturelles, BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 17, avenue des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Sylvain Tranchimand
- ENSCR, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35042 Rennes, France
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Falode JA, Ajayi OI, Isinkaye TV, Adeoye AO, Ajiboye BO, Brai BIC, ADEOYE, Basiru Olaitan, AJIBOYE, BRAI BIC. Justicia carnea extracts ameliorated hepatocellular damage in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic male rats via decrease in oxidative stress, inflammation and increasing other risk markers. Biomarkers 2023; 28:177-189. [PMID: 36511112 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2157487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is still a raging disease not fully subdued globally, especially in Africa. Our study aims to evaluate the anti-diabetic potentials of Justicia carnea extracts [crude (JCC), free (JFP) and bound phenol (JBP) fractions], in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type-1 diabetes in male albino rats.Materials and MethodsAbout thirty (30) animals were induced for type 1 diabetes with STZ; thereafter, treatment began for 14 days, after which the animals were euthanized, blood/serum was collected, the liver was removed and divided into two portions, for biochemical and histopathological analyses. Standard procedures were used to evaluate the liver biomarkers, like alanine transaminase (ALT), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, glucose-6- phosphatase, hexokinase activities, albumin, bilirubin, hepatic glucose concentrations; antioxidant status and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were similarly assessed.ResultsThese results revealed that the extracts ameliorated the harmful effects of STZ-induced diabetes in the liver by enhancing the activities of liver-based biomarkers, reducing the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokine.DiscussionThe results agreed with previous research, and the free phenol fraction showed excellent results compared to othersConclusionThese suggested that J. carnea could serve as an alternative remedy in ameliorating liver complications linked to oxidative damage and inflammation in STZ-induced type-1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Adeolu Falode
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun Igbekele Ajayi
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope Victoria Isinkaye
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Akinwunmi Oluwaseun Adeoye
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Bartholomew I C Brai
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - ADEOYE
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Basiru Olaitan
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - AJIBOYE
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Bartholomew I. C. BRAI
- Biomembranes and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Roney M, Huq AKMM, Issahaku AR, Soliman MES, Hossain MS, Mustafa AH, Islam MA, Dubey A, Tufail A, Mohd Aluwi MFF, Tajuddin SN. Pharmacophore-based virtual screening and in-silico study of natural products as potential DENV-2 RdRp inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12186-12203. [PMID: 36645141 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2166123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dengue fever is a significant public health concern throughout the world, causing an estimated 500,000 hospitalizations and 20,000 deaths each year, despite the lack of effective therapies. The DENV-2 RdRp has been identified as a potential target for the development of new and effective dengue therapies. This research's primary objective was to discover an anti-DENV inhibitor using in silico ligand- and structure-based approaches. To begin, a ligand-based pharmacophore model was developed, and 130 distinct natural products (NPs) were screened. Docking of the pharmacophore-matched compounds were performed to the active site of DENV-2 RdRp protease . Eleven compounds were identified as potential DENV-2 RdRp inhibitors based on docking energy and binding interactions. ADMET and drug-likeness were done to predict their pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic, and drug-likeproperties . Compounds ranked highest in terms of pharmacokinetics and drug-like appearances were then subjected to additional toxicity testing to determine the leading compound. Additionally, MD simulation of the lead compound was performed to confirm the docked complex's stability and the binding site determined by docking. As a result, the lead compound (compound-108) demonstrated an excellent match to the pharmacophore, a strong binding contact and affinity for the RdRp enzyme, favourable pharmacokinetics, and drug-like characteristics. In summary, the lead compound identified in this study could be a possible DENV-2 RdRp inhibitor that may be further studied on in vitro and in vivo models to develop as a drug candidate.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miah Roney
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
- Bio Aromatic Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - A K M Moyeenul Huq
- Bio Aromatic Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
- School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Rashid Issahaku
- West African Centre for Computational Analysis, Ghana
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Md Sanower Hossain
- Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem and Earth Resources (Pusat ALAM), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science, Sristy College of Tangail, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Hasnat Mustafa
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Md Alimul Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Dubey
- Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus, Greater Noida, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Aisha Tufail
- Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus, Greater Noida, India
| | - Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
- Bio Aromatic Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
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Kim S, Lim SW, Choi J. Drug discovery inspired by bioactive small molecules from nature. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2022; 26:254-265. [PMID: 36605590 PMCID: PMC9809404 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2022.2157480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) have greatly contributed to the development of novel treatments for human diseases such as cancer, metabolic disorders, and infections. Compared to synthetic chemical compounds, primary and secondary metabolites from medicinal plants, fungi, microorganisms, and our bodies are promising resources with immense chemical diversity and favorable properties for drug development. In addition to the well-validated significance of secondary metabolites, endogenous small molecules derived from central metabolism and signaling events have shown great potential as drug candidates due to their unique metabolite-protein interactions. In this short review, we highlight the values of NPs, discuss recent scientific and technological advances including metabolomics tools, chemoproteomics approaches, and artificial intelligence-based computation platforms, and explore potential strategies to overcome the current challenges in NP-driven drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea, Seyun Kim
| | - Seol-Wa Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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11
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Cytotoxic Potential of Bioactive Compounds from Aspergillus flavus, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Cynodon dactylon, against Breast Cancer: Experimental and Computational Approach. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248814. [PMID: 36557944 PMCID: PMC9784115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a diverse group of microorganisms that colonize the inter- or intracellular spaces of plants and exhibit mutual benefits. Their interactions with the host plant and other microbiomes are multidimensional and play a crucial role in the production of secondary metabolites. We screened bioactive compounds present in the extracts of Aspergillus flavus, an endophytic fungus isolated from the roots of the medicinal grass Cynodon dactylon, for its anticancer potential. An in vitro analysis of the Ethyl acetate extract from A. flavus showed significant cytostatic effects (IC50: 16.25 μg/mL) against breast cancer cells (MCF-7). A morphological analysis of the cells and a flow cytometry of the cells with annexin V/Propidium Iodide suggested that the extract induced apoptosis in the MCF-7 cells. The extract of A. flavus increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and caused a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in MCF-7 cells. To identify the metabolites that might be responsible for the anticancer effect, the extract was subjected to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Interestingly, nine phytochemicals that induced cytotoxicity in the breast cancer cell line were found in the extract. The in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that two compounds, 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone and 3α, 5 α-cyclo-ergosta-7,9(11), 22t-triene-6beta-ol exhibited significant binding affinities (-9.20, and -9.50 Kcal/mol, respectively) against Bcl-2, along with binding stability and intermolecular interactions of its ligand-Bcl-2 complexes. Overall, the study found that the endophytic A. flavus from C. dactylon contains plant-like bioactive compounds that have a promising effect in breast cancer.
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Hovenia acerba Lindl. peduncles and seeds extracts ameliorate alcoholic liver injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway in LO2 cells and mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Diwan D, Cheng L, Usmani Z, Sharma M, Holden N, Willoughby N, Sangwan N, Baadhe RR, Liu C, Gupta VK. Microbial cancer therapeutics: A promising approach. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:931-950. [PMID: 33979677 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The success of conventional cancer therapeutics is hindered by associated dreadful side-effects of antibiotic resistance and the dearth of antitumor drugs' selectivity and specificity. Hence, the conceptual evolution of anti-cancerous therapeutic agents that selectively target cancer cells without impacting the healthy cells or tissues, has led to a new wave of scientific interest in microbial-derived bioactive molecules. Such strategic solutions may pave the way to surmount the shortcomings of conventional therapies and raise the potential and hope for the cure of wide range of cancer in a selective manner. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of anti-carcinogenic properties and underlying mechanisms of bioactive molecules of microbial origin, and discuss the current challenges and effective therapeutic application of combinatorial strategies to attain minimal systemic side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Diwan
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 230032, China
| | - Zeba Usmani
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Food Technology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, 173101, India
| | - Nicola Holden
- Centre for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Nicholas Willoughby
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Neelam Sangwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India
| | - Rama Raju Baadhe
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK; Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK.
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14
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Zhang CS, Lyu S, Zhang AL, Guo X, Sun J, Lu C, Luo X, Xue CC. Natural products for migraine: Data-mining analyses of Chinese Medicine classical literature. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:995559. [PMID: 36386198 PMCID: PMC9650126 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.995559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Treatment effect of current pharmacotherapies for migraine is unsatisfying. Discovering new anti-migraine natural products and nutraceuticals from large collections of Chinese medicine classical literature may assist to address this gap. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search in the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (version 5.0) to obtain migraine-related citations, then screened and scored these citations to identify clinical management of migraine using oral herbal medicine in history. Information of formulae, herbs and symptoms were further extracted. After standardisation, these data were analysed using frequency analysis and the Apriori algorithm. Anti-migraine effects and mechanisms of actions of the main herbs and formula were summarised. Results: Among 614 eligible citations, the most frequently used formula was chuan xiong cha tiao san (CXCTS), and the most frequently used herb was chuan xiong. Dietary medicinal herbs including gan cao, bai zhi, bo he, tian ma and sheng jiang were identified. Strong associations were constructed among the herb ingredients of CXCTS formula. Symptoms of chronic duration and unilateral headache were closely related with herbs of chuan xiong, gan cao, fang feng, qiang huo and cha. Symptoms of vomiting and nausea were specifically related to herbs of sheng jiang and ban xia. Conclusion: The herb ingredients of CXCTS which presented anti-migraine effects with reliable evidence of anti-migraine actions can be selected as potential drug discovery candidates, while dietary medicinal herbs including sheng jiang, bo he, cha, bai zhi, tian ma, and gan cao can be further explored as nutraceuticals for migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Shuiqing Zhang
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shaohua Lyu
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anthony Lin Zhang
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xinfeng Guo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingbo Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Charlie Changli Xue
- The China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Mlambo V, Mnisi CM, Matshogo TB, Mhlongo G. Prospects of dietary seaweeds and their bioactive compounds in sustainable poultry production systems: A symphony of good things? FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.998042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern poultry production systems face numerous economic, environmental, and social sustainability challenges that threaten their viability and acceptability as a major source of animal protein. As scientists and producers scramble to find cost-effective and socially acceptable solutions to these challenges, the dietary use of marine macroalgae (seaweeds) could be an ingenious option. Indeed, the incredible array of nutritive and bioactive compounds present in these macroscopic marine organisms can be exploited as part of sustainable poultry production systems of the future. Incorporating seaweeds in poultry diets could enhance feed utilization efficiency, growth performance, bird health, meat stability and quality, and consumer and environmental health. Theoretically, these benefits are mediated through the putative antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antithrombotic, neuroprotective, hypocholesterolemic, and hypoglycemic properties of seaweed bioactive compounds. Despite this huge potential, exploitation of seaweed for poultry production appears to be constrained by a variety of factors such as high fibre, phenolics, and ash content. In addition, conflicting findings are often reported when seaweeds or their extracts are used in poultry feeding trials. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper is to collate information on the production, phytochemical components, and nutritive value of different seaweed species. It provides an overview ofin vivoeffects of dietary seaweeds as measured by nutrient utilization efficiency, growth performance, and product quality and stability in poultry. The utility of dietary seaweeds in sustainable poultry production systems is explored, while gaps that require further research are highlighted. Finally, opportunities that exist for enhancing the utility of seaweeds as a vehicle for sustainable production of functional poultry products for better global food and nutrition security are presented.
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Shukla D, Nandi NK, Singh B, Singh A, Kumar B, Narang RK, Singh C. Ferulic acid-loaded drug delivery systems for biomedical applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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17
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Agour MA, Hamed AA, Ghareeb MA, Abdel-Hamid EAA, Ibrahim MK. Bioactive secondary metabolites from marine Actinomyces sp. AW6 with an evaluation of ADME-related physicochemical properties. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:537. [PMID: 35913539 PMCID: PMC9343302 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potentials of the marine actinomycetes spp. isolated from the Red Sea water, Hurghada, Egypt. Out of 80 actinomycetes isolates, one isolate AW6 was selected based on its antioxidant activity (IC50 about 5.24 µg/mL which scavenged 91% of formed DPPH free radicals) and antimicrobial potential against E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa, A. niger, and C. albicans. The strain was identified based on phenotypic and genotypic analysis, and deposited in the GenBank with accession number OK090864.1. Cultivation of the selected strain on rice, chromatographic purification, and structural elucidation led to the isolation of two compounds C1: umbelliferone, and C2: 1-methoxy-3-methyl-8-hydroxy-anthraquinone. The antimicrobial activity of the obtained compounds showed that C1 and C2 have low antibacterial activity toward S. aureus and E. coli with no pronounced activity toward P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. niger. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of C1 and C2 revealed that C2 has a good antioxidant activity, with DPPH scavenging activity reaching (55.25%), followed by C1 (30.20%). Moreover, both compounds displayed anti-Gyr-B enzyme activity with IC50 value of (3.79 ± 0.21 µM) for C1, and (IC50 = 13 ± 0.71 µM) for C2. The ADME-related physicochemical properties of the obtained compound were predicted using SwissADME web tools and the ProToxii webserver was used to estimate in silico toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Agour
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Hamed
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Mosad A Ghareeb
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Eman A A Abdel-Hamid
- Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abu-Hammad, Sharqia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed K Ibrahim
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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18
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Rahman MM, Bibi S, Rahaman MS, Rahman F, Islam F, Khan MS, Hasan MM, Parvez A, Hossain MA, Maeesa SK, Islam MR, Najda A, Al-Malky HS, Mohamed HRH, AlGwaiz HIM, Awaji AA, Germoush MO, Kensara OA, Abdel-Daim MM, Saeed M, Kamal MA. Natural therapeutics and nutraceuticals for lung diseases: Traditional significance, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113041. [PMID: 35658211 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), infections like influenza, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), asthma and pneumonia lung cancer (LC) are common causes of sickness and death worldwide due to their remoteness, cold and harsh climatic conditions, and inaccessible health care facilities. PURPOSE Many drugs have already been proposed for the treatment of lung diseases. Few of them are in clinical trials and have the potential to cure infectious diseases. Plant extracts or herbal products have been extensively used as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Indian Ayurveda. Moreover, it has been involved in the inhibition of certain genes/protiens effects to promote regulation of signaling pathways. Natural remedies have been scientifically proven with remarkable bioactivities and are considered a cheap and safe source for lung disease. METHODS This comprehensive review highlighted the literature about traditional plants and their metabolites with their applications for the treatment of lung diseases through experimental models in humans. Natural drugs information and mode of mechanism have been studied through the literature retrieved by Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Scopus and Medline PubMed resources against lung diseases. RESULTS In vitro, in vivo and computational studies have been explained for natural metabolites derived from plants (like flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids) against different types of lung diseases. Probiotics have also been biologically active therapeutics against cancer, anti-inflammation, antiplatelet, antiviral, and antioxidants associated with lung diseases. CONCLUSION The results of the mentioned natural metabolites repurposed for different lung diseases especially for SARS-CoV-2 should be evaluated more by advance computational applications, experimental models in the biological system, also need to be validated by clinical trials so that we may be able to retrieve potential drugs for most challenging lung diseases especially SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China; Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Milat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Md Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoza Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Saad Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Anwar Parvez
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abid Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saila Kabir Maeesa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Hamdan S Al-Malky
- Regional Drug Information Center, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan R H Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hussah I M AlGwaiz
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aeshah A Awaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University College of Taymaa, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Kensara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 7067, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudia Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
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Taghizadeh MS, Niazi A, Moghadam A, Afsharifar A. Experimental, molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies of natural products targeting overexpressed receptors in breast cancer. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267961. [PMID: 35536789 PMCID: PMC9089900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds are proper tools for inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Hence, the search for these ligands of overexpressed receptors in breast cancer has been a competitive challenge recently and opens new avenues for drug discovery. In this research, we have investigated molecular interactions between natural products and overexpressed receptors in breast cancer using molecular docking and dynamic simulation approaches followed by extraction of the best ligand from Citrus limetta and developing for nanoscale encapsulation composed of soy lecithin using a sonicator machine. The encapsulation process was confirmed by DLS and TEM analyses. Anticancer activity was also examined using MTT method. Among the investigated natural compounds, hesperidin was found to bind to specific targets with stronger binding energy. The molecular dynamics results indicated that the hesperidin-MCL-1 complex is very stable at 310.15 K for 200 ns. The RP-HPLC analysis revealed that the purity of extracted hesperidin was 98.8% with a yield of 1.72%. The results of DLS and TEM showed a strong interaction between hesperidin and lecithin with an entrapped efficiency of 92.02 ± 1.08%. Finally, the cytotoxicity effect of hesperidin was increased against the MDA-MB-231 cell line with an IC50 value of 62.93 μg/mL after encapsulation, whereas no significant effect against the MCF10A cell line. We showed for the first time that hesperidin is a flexible and strong ligand for the MCL-1 receptor. Also, it has the in vitro ability to kill the MDA-MB-231 cell lines without having a significant effect on the MCF10A cell lines. Therefore, hesperidin could be used as a food ingredient to generate functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Niazi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Moghadam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Moshawih S, Goh HP, Kifli N, Idris AC, Yassin H, Kotra V, Goh KW, Liew KB, Ming LC. Synergy between machine learning and natural products cheminformatics: Application to the lead discovery of anthraquinone derivatives. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:185-217. [PMID: 35490393 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cheminformatics utilizing machine learning (ML) techniques have opened up a new horizon in drug discovery. This is owing to vast chemical space expansion with rocketing numbers of expected hits and lead compounds that match druggable macromolecular targets, in particular from natural compounds. Due to the natural products' (NP) structural complexity, uniqueness, and diversity, they could occupy a bigger space in pharmaceuticals, allowing the industry to pursue more selective leads in the nanomolar range of binding affinity. ML is an essential part of each step of the drug design pipeline, such as target prediction, compound library preparation, and lead optimization. Notably, molecular mechanic and dynamic simulations, induced docking, and free energy perturbations are essential in predicting best binding poses, binding free energy values, and molecular mechanics force fields. Those applications have leveraged from artificial intelligence (AI), which decreases the computational costs required for such costly simulations. This review aimed to describe chemical space and compound libraries related to NPs. High-throughput screening utilized for fractionating NPs and high-throughput virtual screening and their strategies, and significance, are reviewed. Particular emphasis was given to AI approaches, ML tools, algorithms, and techniques, especially in drug discovery of macrocyclic compounds and approaches in computer-aided and ML-based drug discovery. Anthraquinone derivatives were discussed as a source of new lead compounds that can be developed using ML tools for diverse medicinal uses such as cancer, infectious diseases, and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, the power of principal component analysis in understanding relevant protein conformations, and molecular modeling of protein-ligand interaction were also presented. Apart from being a concise reference for cheminformatics, this review is a useful text to understand the application of ML-based algorithms to molecular dynamics simulation and in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Moshawih
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Hui Poh Goh
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Nurolaini Kifli
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Azam Che Idris
- Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Hayati Yassin
- Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Vijay Kotra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Quest International University, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Kai Bin Liew
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Cynara cardunculus (Artichoke) Leaves on Neuroinflammatory and Neurochemical Parameters in a Diet-Induced Mice Obesity Model. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1888-1903. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Raju P, Natarajan S. Investigation of Pesticidal and Anti-biofilm Potential of Calotropis gigantea Latex Encapsulated Zeolitic Imidazole Nanoframeworks. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02298-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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The Multifunctional Role of Herbal Products in the Management of Diabetes and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051713. [PMID: 35268815 PMCID: PMC8911649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are the most demanding health problems today, and their prevalence, as well as comorbidities, is on the rise all over the world. As time goes on, both are becoming big issues that have a big impact on people’s lives. Diabetes is a metabolic and endocrine illness set apart by hyperglycemia and glucose narrow-mindedness because of insulin opposition. Heftiness is a typical, complex, and developing overall wellbeing worry that has for quite some time been connected to significant medical issues in individuals, all things considered. Because of the wide variety and low adverse effects, herbal products are an important hotspot for drug development. Synthetic compounds are not structurally diverse and lack drug-likeness properties. Thus, it is basic to keep on exploring herbal products as possible wellsprings of novel drugs. We conducted this review of the literature by searching Scopus, Science Direct, Elsevier, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. From 1990 until October 2021, research reports, review articles, and original research articles in English are presented. It provides top to bottom data and an examination of plant-inferred compounds that might be utilized against heftiness or potentially hostile to diabetes treatments. Our expanded comprehension of the systems of activity of phytogenic compounds, as an extra examination, could prompt the advancement of remedial methodologies for metabolic diseases. In clinical trials, a huge number of these food kinds or restorative plants, as well as their bioactive compounds, have been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of obesity.
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Osama N, Bakeer W, Raslan M, Soliman HA, Abdelmohsen UR, Sebak M. Anti-cancer and antimicrobial potential of five soil Streptomycetes: a metabolomics-based study. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211509. [PMID: 35154794 PMCID: PMC8825997 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lack of new anti-cancer and anti-infective agents directed the pharmaceutical research to natural products' discovery especially from actinomycetes as one of the major sources of bioactive compounds. Metabolomics- and dereplication-guided approach has been used successfully in chemical profiling of bioactive actinomycetes. We aimed to study the metabolomic profile of five bioactive actinomycetes to investigate the interesting metabolites responsible for their antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities. Three actinomycetes, namely, Streptomyces sp. SH8, SH10 and SH13, were found to exhibit broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, whereas isolate SH4 showed the broadest antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. In addition, isolates SH8, SH10 and SH12 displayed potent cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell line Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7), whereas isolates SH4 and SH12 exhibited potent anti-cancer activity against the hepatoma cell line hepatoma G2 (HepG2) compared with their weak inhibitory properties on the normal breast cells MCF-10A and normal liver cells transformed human liver epithelial-2 (THLE2), respectively. All bioactive isolates were molecularly identified as Streptomyces sp. via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our actinobacterial dereplication analysis revealed putative identification of several bioactive metabolites including tetracycline, oxytetracycline and a macrolide antibiotic, novamethymycin. Together, chemical profiling of bioactive Streptomycetes via dereplication and metabolomics helped in assigning their unique metabolites and predicting the bioactive compounds instigating their diverse bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Osama
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Walid Bakeer
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Mai Raslan
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Soliman
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Sebak
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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Screening of Antimicrobial Activities and Lipopeptide Production of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Vetiver Roots. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020209. [PMID: 35208667 PMCID: PMC8876289 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The exploration of certain microbial resources such as beneficial endophytic microorganisms is considered a promising strategy for the discovery of new antimicrobial compounds for the pharmaceutical industries and agriculture. Thirty-one endophytic bacterial strains affiliated with Bacillus, Janthinobacterium, Yokenella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Microbacterium were previously isolated from vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty) roots. These endophytes showed antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum and could be a source of antimicrobial metabolites. In this study, in particular, using high-throughput screening, we analyzed their antagonistic activities and those of their cell-free culture supernatants against three species of Fusarium plant pathogens, a bacterial strain of Escherichia coli, and a yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as their capacity to produce lipopeptides. The results showed that the culture supernatants of four strains close to B. subtilis species exhibited antimicrobial activities against Fusarium species and E. coli. Using mass spectrometry analyses, we identified two groups of lipopeptides (surfactins and plipastatins) in their culture supernatants. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed that these bacteria possess NRPS gene clusters for surfactin and plipastatin. In vitro tests confirmed the inhibitory effect of plipastatin alone or in combination with surfactin against the three Fusarium species.
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Almeida-Silva F, Bernardes-Engemann AR, Bérenger ALR, da Silva VP, Figueiredo MR, Freitas DFS. In vitro activity of Schinus terebinthifolius extract and fractions against Sporothrix brasiliensis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e220063. [PMID: 36197404 PMCID: PMC9524759 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporothrix brasiliensis is the causative agent of zoonotic cases of sporotrichosis in Brazil and is associated with atypical and severe presentations in cats, dogs, and humans. Sporotrichosis treatment is usually time- and cost-consuming, sometimes with poor response and host toxicity. Schinus terebinthifolius has proven efficacy against bacteria and fungi of clinical interest. OBJECTIVE To determine the in vitro activity of S. terebinthifolius against S. brasiliensis. METHODS Five S. brasiliensis isolates and three reference strains were subjected to a hydroethanol extract derived from the leaves of S. terebinthifolius and its fractions. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the broth microdilution method according to the M38-A2 CLSI guidelines. Also, the fungicidal/fungistatic activity of the extract and fractions was studied. FINDINGS The crude extract of S. terebinthifolius inhibited the growth of S. brasiliensis (MIC: 0.5-1.0 µg/mL), while the partitioned extracts dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol demonstrated growth inhibition at 8 µg/mL due to a fungistatic activity. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Due to its in vitro efficacy against S. brasiliensis and its known pharmacological safety, S. terebinthifolius is a candidate to be tested using in vivo models of sporotrichosis.
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Li G, Lou M, Qi X. A brief overview of classical natural product drug synthesis and bioactivity. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01341f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript briefly overviewed the total synthesis and structure–activity relationship studies of eight classical natural products, which emphasizes the important role of total synthesis in natural product-based drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), 7 Science Park Road ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Mingliang Lou
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), 7 Science Park Road ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiangbing Qi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), 7 Science Park Road ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Jalal K, Khan K, Hassam M, Abbas MN, Uddin R, Khusro A, Sahibzada MUK, Gajdács M. Identification of a Novel Therapeutic Target against XDR Salmonella Typhi H58 Using Genomics Driven Approach Followed Up by Natural Products Virtual Screening. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2512. [PMID: 34946114 PMCID: PMC8708826 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Typhoid fever is caused by a pathogenic, rod-shaped, flagellated, and Gram-negative bacterium known as Salmonella Typhi. It features a polysaccharide capsule that acts as a virulence factor and deceives the host immune system by protecting phagocytosis. Typhoid fever remains a major health concern in low and middle-income countries, with an estimated death rate of ~200,000 per annum. However, the situation is exacerbated by the emergence of the extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strain designated as H58 of S. Typhi. The emergence of the XDR strain is alarming, and it poses serious threats to public health due to the failure of the current therapeutic regimen. A relatively newer computational method called subtractive genomics analyses has been widely applied to discover novel and new drug targets against pathogens, particularly drug-resistant ones. The method involves the gradual reduction of the complete proteome of the pathogen, leading to few potential and novel drug targets. Thus, in the current study, a subtractive genomics approach was applied against the Salmonella XDR strain to identify potential drug targets. The current study predicted four prioritized proteins (i.e., Colanic acid biosynthesis acetyltransferase wcaB, Shikimate dehydrogenase aroE, multidrug efflux RND transporter permease subunit MdtC, and pantothenate synthetase panC) as potential drug targets. Though few of the prioritized proteins are treated in the literature as the established drug targets against other pathogenic bacteria, these drug targets are identified here for the first time against S. Typhi (i.e., S. Typhi XDR). The current study aimed at drawing attention to new drug targets against S. Typhi that remain largely unexplored. One of the prioritized drug targets, i.e., Colanic acid biosynthesis acetyltransferase, was predicted as a unique, new drug target against S. Typhi XDR. Therefore, the Colanic acid was further explored using structure-based techniques. Additionally, ~1000 natural compounds were docked with Colanic acid biosynthesis acetyltransferase, resulting in the prediction of seven compounds as potential lead candidates against the S. Typhi XDR strain. The ADMET properties and binding energies via the docking program of these seven compounds characterized them as novel drug candidates. They may potentially be used for the development of future drugs in the treatment of Typhoid fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Jalal
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Kanwal Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (K.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Muhammad Hassam
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (K.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Muhammad Naseer Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan;
| | - Reaz Uddin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (K.K.); (M.H.)
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India;
| | | | - Márió Gajdács
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Olivier FAB, Bang KW, Zarate E, Kinzurik M, Chudakova D, Ganley ARD, Villas-Boas SG. Aerial warfare: An inducible production of volatile bioactive metabolites in a novel species of Scytinostroma sp. Fungal Genet Biol 2021; 158:103646. [PMID: 34826598 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2021.103646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may provide fungi an advantage over other competing microorganisms. As these defensive metabolites are often produced in response to microbial competitors, they are easily overlooked in axenic cultures. We used media supplemented with spent medium from Candida albicans to induce the expression of a broad-spectrum antimicrobial response in a previously uncharacterised white-rot fungus, Scytinostroma sp. Crude extractions of Scytinostroma sp. metabolites were found to be cytotoxic to fibroblast cells and antimicrobial to filamentous fungi, yeasts and Gram-positive bacteria. Volatile antimicrobial activity was observed for Scytinostroma sp. cultures and metabolite extracts using antimicrobial assays in bi-compartmentalised plates. Culture headspace analysis using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed a pronounced shift in Scytinostroma sp. VOCs when cultured on media supplemented with C. albicans spent medium. We observed a significant increase in the levels of 45 identified VOCs, including 7 metabolites with reported antimicrobial activity. Using preparative HPLC combined with GC-MS, we determined that isovelleral is likely to be the main broad-spectrum antimicrobial metabolite produced by Scytinostroma sp. Isovelleral is a sesquiterpene dialdehyde with both antibiotic and antifeedant properties, previously detected in fruit bodies of other Basidiomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françios A B Olivier
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Kyung W Bang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Erica Zarate
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Matias Kinzurik
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Daria Chudakova
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Austen R D Ganley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Silas G Villas-Boas
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 3A Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 rue Bommel, Z.A.E. Robert Steichen, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg.
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Heravi MM, Amiri Z, Kafshdarzadeh K, Zadsirjan V. Synthesis of indole derivatives as prevalent moieties present in selected alkaloids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:33540-33612. [PMID: 35497516 PMCID: PMC9042329 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05972f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoles are a significant heterocyclic system in natural products and drugs. They are important types of molecules and natural products and play a main role in cell biology. The application of indole derivatives as biologically active compounds for the treatment of cancer cells, microbes, and different types of disorders in the human body has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Indoles, both natural and synthetic, show various biologically vital properties. Owing to the importance of this significant ring system, the investigation of novel methods of synthesis have attracted the attention of the chemical community. In this review, we aim to highlight the construction of indoles as a moiety in selected alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Zahra Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Kosar Kafshdarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran Iran +98 2188041344 +98 9121329147
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Jayawardene KLTD, Palombo EA, Boag PR. Natural Products Are a Promising Source for Anthelmintic Drug Discovery. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1457. [PMID: 34680090 PMCID: PMC8533416 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic nematodes infect almost all forms of life. In the human context, parasites are one of the major causative factors for physical and intellectual growth retardation in the developing world. In the agricultural setting, parasites have a great economic impact through a reduction in livestock performance or control cost. The main method of controlling these devastating conditions is the use of anthelmintic drugs. Unfortunately, there are only a few anthelmintic drug classes available in the market and significant resistance has developed in most of the parasitic species of livestock. Therefore, development of new anthelmintics with different modes of action is critical for sustainable parasitic control in the future. The drug development pipeline is broadly limited to two types of molecules, namely synthetic compounds and natural plant products. Compared to synthetic compounds, natural products are highly diverse, and many have historically proven valuable in folk medicine to treat various gastrointestinal ailments. This review focus on the use of traditional knowledge-based plant extracts in the development of new therapeutic leads, the approaches used as screening techniques, and common bottlenecks and opportunities in plant-based anthelmintic drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. L. T. Dilrukshi Jayawardene
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Enzo A. Palombo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Peter R. Boag
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
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Zhou X, Power D, Jones A, Acquaviva A, Dennis GR, Shalliker RA, Li C, Soliven A. Antioxidant Profiling of Ginger via Reaction Flow Chromatography. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211035286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction flow (RF) chromatography is a powerful and efficient approach that utilizes conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–ultraviolet (UV)–visible detection. This technique exploits a novel column end-fitting and an extra HPLC pump that delivers a reagent specific for selective detection, in particular the antioxidant profiling of natural products. This study employed RF for the first time to identify antioxidants in a commercial ginger sample. This demonstrated the previously validated assay's ease and power to extract information about the natural product's antioxidant properties. Due to the simplicity involved with data analysis and peak matching process, the following information was revealed between the chemical and antioxidant profiles: three of the strongest antioxidant activity peaks in the ginger sample (593 nm) did not correlate with the three most abundant chemical profile peaks (UV absorbance at 254 and 280 nm); the ratio of seven antioxidant peaks may be potentially used for food authenticity purposes, and future research should target these peaks for the early discovery of novel antioxidants sourced in ginger. Utilization of this previously validated assay provided the resolution of numerous peaks in the ginger extract and information associated with their antioxidant attributes and chemical abundance. This approach is more informative than total antioxidant assays that lack compound specificity information. Furthermore, it is superior to mass spectrometric (MS) assays that cannot evaluate each compound's antioxidant strength, and does not involve the expense involved in the acquisition and maintenance of the MS detection hardware, and does not require the high level of expertise needed to conduct the MS data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Declan Power
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia
| | - Andrew Jones
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, Australia
| | - Agustín Acquaviva
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Métodos Analíticos (LIDMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gary R. Dennis
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, Australia
| | - R. Andrew Shalliker
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, Australia
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Métodos Analíticos (LIDMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Chunguang Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Arianne Soliven
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, Australia
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Munekata PES, Pateiro M, Conte-Junior CA, Domínguez R, Nawaz A, Walayat N, Movilla Fierro E, Lorenzo JM. Marine Alkaloids: Compounds with In Vivo Activity and Chemical Synthesis. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:374. [PMID: 34203532 PMCID: PMC8306672 DOI: 10.3390/md19070374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine alkaloids comprise a class of compounds with several nitrogenated structures that can be explored as potential natural bioactive compounds. The scientific interest in these compounds has been increasing in the last decades, and many studies have been published elucidating their chemical structure and biological effects in vitro. Following this trend, the number of in vivo studies reporting the health-related properties of marine alkaloids has been increasing and providing more information about the effects in complex organisms. Experiments with animals, especially mice and zebrafish, are revealing the potential health benefits against cancer development, cardiovascular diseases, seizures, Alzheimer's disease, mental health disorders, inflammatory diseases, osteoporosis, cystic fibrosis, oxidative stress, human parasites, and microbial infections in vivo. Although major efforts are still necessary to increase the knowledge, especially about the translation value of the information obtained from in vivo experiments to clinical trials, marine alkaloids are promising candidates for further experiments in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo E. S. Munekata
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, rúa Galicia No. 4, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (M.P.); (R.D.)
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, rúa Galicia No. 4, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (M.P.); (R.D.)
| | - Carlos A. Conte-Junior
- Centro de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Rubén Domínguez
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, rúa Galicia No. 4, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (M.P.); (R.D.)
| | - Asad Nawaz
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Noman Walayat
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Ocean, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
| | | | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, rúa Galicia No. 4, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (P.E.S.M.); (M.P.); (R.D.)
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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Discovery of anti-infective adipostatins through bioactivity-guided isolation and heterologous expression of a type III polyketide synthase. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104925. [PMID: 34022708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance and emerging viral pandemics have posed an urgent need for new anti-infective drugs. By screening our microbial extract library against the main protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the notorious ESKAPE pathogens, an active fraction was identified and purified, leading to an initial isolation of adipostatins A (1) and B (2). In order to diversify the chemical structures of adipostatins toward enhanced biological activities, a type III polyketide synthase was identified from the native producer, Streptomyces davawensis DSM101723, and was subsequently expressed in an E. coli host, resulting in the isolation of nine additional adipostatins 3-11, including two new analogs (9 and 11). The structures of 1-11 were established by HRMS, NMR, and chemical derivatization, including using a microgram-scale meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid epoxidation-MS/MS analysis to unambiguously determine the double bond position in the alkyl chain. The present study discovered SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitory activity for the class of adipostatins for the first time. Several of the adipostatins isolated also exhibited antimicrobial activity against selected ESKAPE pathogens.
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Vigneshwari A, Erdenebileg S, Fujkin K, Csupor D, Hohmann J, Papp T, Vágvölgyi C, Szekeres A. Revealing of biodiversity and antimicrobial effects of Artemisia asiatica endophytes. ACTA BIOLOGICA SZEGEDIENSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.14232/abs.2020.2.111-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi produce a plethora of secondary metabolites, which may open new avenues to study their applicability in pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the present study focuses on the fungal endophytic community of Artemisia asiatica. During our work, fungal endophytes were isolated from a medicinal plant, A. asiatica. The culturable endophytic fungi were identified using molecular techniques and biodiversity, richness and tissue specificity were examined. As these microorganisms have been generally identified as an abundant reservoir of novel antimicrobial compounds, the antimicrobial (i.e. antibacterial and antifungal) activities of the metabolites produced by the isolated fungi were studied. Numerous extracts containing the endophytic metabolites proved to be active against the applied test microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as yeasts and filamentous fungi, which can be examined in detail in the future and, based on the the chemical nature of these active metabolites, allow to discover novel bioactive metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Vigneshwari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged
| | - Saruul Erdenebileg
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged
| | - Kata Fujkin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged
| | - Tamás Papp
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged
- MTA-SZTE Fungal Pathogenicity Mechanisms Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences - University of Szeged
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged
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Ummat V, Sivagnanam SP, Rajauria G, O'Donnell C, Tiwari BK. Advances in pre-treatment techniques and green extraction technologies for bioactives from seaweeds. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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He Y, Li W, Zhang J, Yang Y, Qian YW, Zhou D. The curcumin analog EF24 is highly active against chemotherapy-resistant melanoma cells. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:608-618. [PMID: 33655859 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210303092921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma (MM) is an aggressive type of skin cancer with a poor prognosis, because MM cells are characterized by unresponsiveness to chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of several curcumin analogs on four MM cell lines (SK-MEL-28, MeWo, A-375, and CHL-1), and explored their underlying mechanisms of action. METHODS Cell viability was measured by a Tetrazolium-based MTS assay. Cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell cycle were assayed by flow cytometry. Protein levels were assayed by western blotting. RESULTS MM cells are quite resistant to the conventional chemotherapeutics cisplatin and dacarbazine, and the targeted therapy drug vemurafinib. Among the curcumin analogs, EF24 is the most potent compound against the resistant MM cells. EF24 dose- and time-dependently reduced the viability of MM cells by inducing apoptosis. Although EF24 did not increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), it upregulated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker BiP, but downregulated the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling. Moreover, treatment of MM cells with EF24 downregulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, as well as the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) XIAP, cIAP1, and Birc7, which are known to protect MM cells from apoptosis. The downregulation of Bcl-2 and IAP expression by EF24 was associated with the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that EF24 is a potent anti-MM agent. The anti-MM effect is likely mediated by the suppression of UPR and the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghan He
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
| | - Junling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
| | - Ya-Wei Qian
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205. United States
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610. United States
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Salimi F, Mohammadipanah F. Nanomaterials Versus The Microbial Compounds With Wound Healing Property. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2020.584489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Age and diabetes related slow-healing or chronic wounds may result in morbidity and mortality through persistent biofilms infections and prolonged inflammatory phase. Nano-materials [metal/metal oxide NPs (39%), lipid vehicles (21%), polymer NPs (19%), ceramic nanoparticles (NPs) (14%), and carbon nanomaterials (NMs) (7%)] can be introduced as a possible next-generation therapy because of either their intrinsic wound healing activity or via carrying bioactive compounds including, antibiotics, antioxidants, growth factor or stem cell. The nanomaterials have been shown to implicate in all four stages of wound healing including hemostasis (polymer NPs, ceramic NPs, nanoceria-6.1%), inflammation (liposome/vesicles/solid lipid NPs/polymer NPs/ceramic NPs/silver NPs/gold NPs/nanoceria/fullerenes/carbon-based NPs-32.7%), proliferation (vesicles/liposome/solid lipid NPs/gold NPs/silver NPs/iron oxide NPs/ceramic NPs/copper NPs/self-assembling elastin-like NPs/nanoceria/micelle/dendrimers/polymer NPs-57.1%), remodeling (iron oxide NPs/nanoceria-4.1%). Natural compounds from alkaloids, flavonoids, retinoids, volatile oil, terpenes, carotenoids, or polyphenolic compounds with proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, or antimicrobial characteristics are also well known for their potential to accelerate the wound healing process. In the current paper, we survey the potential and properties of nanomaterials and microbial compounds in improving the process of wound and scar healing. Finally, we review the potential biocompounds for incorporation to nano-material in perspective to designate more effective or multivalent wound healing natural or nano-based drugs.
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Sebak M, Saafan AE, Abdelghani S, Bakeer W, Moawad AS, El-Gendy AO. Isolation and optimized production of putative antimicrobial compounds from Egyptian soil isolate Streptomyces sp. MS. 10. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-021-00099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The rapid spread of antibiotic resistance has increased research interest in the discovery of natural products, mainly from actinomycetes, which have been the primary source of antimicrobial compounds. This study aimed to isolate, characterize, and optimize the production of some of the bioactive compounds from bioactive soil actinomycetes.
Results
One promising soil actinomycete, which was molecularly identified as Streptomyces sp. and designated as Streptomyces sp. MS. 10, showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, including activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, it was selected for isolation of its major bioactive compounds. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of the genes responsible for antibiotic biosynthesis showed the presence of genes encoding type I and type II polyketide synthase. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis found that the major antimicrobial compounds produced by Streptomyces sp. MS. 10 were weakly ionized bioactive secondary metabolites. A large-scale fermentation experiment of Streptomyces sp. MS. 10 using pre-optimized culture conditions followed by bioassay-guided chromatographic separation of its secondary metabolites resulted in the isolation of putative bioactive compounds that were identified as fatty acids using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Conclusions
Egyptian soil is still a good source for exploring bioactive actinomycetes. Additionally, this study highlighted the importance of combining both physicochemical and genotypic characterization with spectroscopic analysis of the major natural products when isolating bioactive metabolites.
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Ribeiro AB, Ozelin SD, da Silva LHD, Rinaldi-Neto F, Freitas KS, Nicolella HD, de Souza LDR, Furtado RA, Cunha WR, Tavares DC. Influence of Asiatic acid on cell proliferation and DNA damage in vitro and in vivo systems. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22712. [PMID: 33484013 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Asiatic acid (AA) is a triterpene with promising pharmacological activity. In the present study, in vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to understand the effect of AA on cell proliferation and genomic instability. AA was cytotoxic to human tumor cell lines (M059J, HeLa, and MCF-7), with IC50 values ranging from 13.91 to 111.72 µM. In the case of M059J, AA exhibited selective cytotoxicity after 48 h of treatment (IC50 = 24 µM), decreasing the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase, increasing the percentage of cells in the S phase, and inducing apoptosis. A significant increase in chromosomal damage was observed in V79 cell cultures treated with AA (40 µM), revealing genotoxic activity. In contrast, low concentrations (5, 10, and 20 µM) of AA significantly reduced the frequencies of micronuclei induced by the mutagens doxorubicin (DXR), methyl methanesulfonate, and hydrogen peroxide. A reduction of DXR-induced intracellular free radicals was found in V79 cells treated with AA (10 µM). The antigenotoxic effect of AA (30 mg/kg) was also observed against DXR-induced chromosomal damage in Swiss mice. Significant reductions in p53 levels were verified in the liver tissue of these animals. Taken together, the data indicate that AA exerted antiproliferative activity in M059J tumor cells, which is probably related to the induction of DNA damage, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Additionally, low concentrations of AA exhibited antigenotoxic effects and its antioxidant activity may be responsible, at least in part, for chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur B Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo D Ozelin
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas H D da Silva
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Karoline S Freitas
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloiza D Nicolella
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo A Furtado
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Denise C Tavares
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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Herath HMPD, Taki AC, Sleebs BE, Hofmann A, Nguyen N, Preston S, Davis RA, Jabbar A, Gasser RB. Advances in the discovery and development of anthelmintics by harnessing natural product scaffolds. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2021; 111:203-251. [PMID: 33482975 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Widespread resistance to currently-used anthelmintics represents a major obstacle to controlling parasitic nematodes of livestock animals. Given the reliance on anthelmintics in many control regimens, there is a need for the continued discovery and development of new nematocides. Enabling such a focus are: (i) the major chemical diversity of natural products; (ii) the availability of curated, drug-like extract-, fraction- and/or compound-libraries from natural sources; (iii) the utility and practicality of well-established whole-worm bioassays for Haemonchus contortus-an important parasitic nematodes of livestock-to screen natural product libraries; and (iv) the availability of advanced chromatographic (HPLC), spectroscopic (NMR) and spectrometric (MS) techniques for bioassay-guided fractionation and structural elucidation. This context provides a sound basis for the identification and characterisation of anthelmintic candidates from natural sources. This chapter provides a background on the importance and impact of helminth infections/diseases, parasite control and aspects of drug discovery, and reviews recent work focused on (i) screening well-defined compound libraries to establish the methods needed for large-scale screening of natural extract libraries; (ii) discovering plant and marine extracts with nematocidal or nematostatic activity, and purifying bioactive compounds and assessing their potential for further development; and (iii) synthesising analogues of selected purified natural compounds for the identification of possible 'lead' candidates. The chapter describes some lessons learned from this work and proposes future areas of focus for drug discovery. Collectively, the findings from this recent work show potential for selected natural product scaffolds as candidates for future development. Developing such candidates via future chemical optimisation, efficacy and safety evaluations, broad spectrum activity assessments, and target identification represents an exciting prospect and, if successful, could pave the way to subsequent pre-clinical and clinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M P Dilrukshi Herath
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aya C Taki
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brad E Sleebs
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andreas Hofmann
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nghi Nguyen
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Preston
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Zhang L, Liu L, Xiao A, Huang S, Li D. Screening and analysis of xanthine oxidase inhibitors in jute leaves and their protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in cells. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractJute (Corchorus capsularis L.) is an annual herb of the bast fiber plant and has great potentials in food and medicinal usages because of its various bioactivities. In this study, ultrafiltration coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was established for screening xanthine oxidase inhibitors from the jute leaves extract. Under the optimum screening conditions, three inhibitors were successfully screened and identified as chlorogenic acid, echinacoside, and isorhamnetin-rutinoside with UV and MS data. The fluorescent quenching analysis showed that three inhibitors quenched the fluorescence intensities of enzyme with different binding capacities. For further exploring the bioactivity of three inhibitors, the protective effects on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress was investigated using human normal liver cell (LO2), human gastric mucosal epithelial cell (GES-1), and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC). As a result, they exhibited protective effects on three injured cells in dose-dependent manners without cytotoxicity. To evaluate the difference among different jute species obtained in our laboratories, the amounts of three compounds in ten samples were assessed and analyzed. The results showed that it could be divided into three groups. The jute leaves showed nutrient and medical potentials and deserved further research on pharmaceutical and biochemical utilization in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Zhang
- Characteristic Fruit and Vegetable Research Office, Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Characteristic Fruit and Vegetable Research Office, Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiping Xiao
- Characteristic Fruit and Vegetable Research Office, Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Huang
- Characteristic Fruit and Vegetable Research Office, Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, People's Republic of China
| | - Defang Li
- Characteristic Fruit and Vegetable Research Office, Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, People's Republic of China
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Hemeg HA, Moussa IM, Ibrahim S, Dawoud TM, Alhaji JH, Mubarak AS, Kabli SA, Alsubki RA, Tawfik AM, Marouf SA. Antimicrobial effect of different herbal plant extracts against different microbial population. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3221-3227. [PMID: 33304127 PMCID: PMC7714981 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of five herbal plants; Guava (Psidium guajava), Sage (Salvia officinalis), Rhamnus (Ziziphusspina Christi), Mulberry (Morusalba L.), and Olive (Oleaeuropaea L) leaves against several microbial population representing Gram positive, Gram negative and Mollicutes; S. aureus, E. coli, Pasteurella multocida, B. cereus, Salmonella Enteritidis and M. gallisepticum using standard agar disc diffusion technique and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Different extracts reveal variable results against the microorganism under study. All extracts have no antibacterial potency for Mycoplasma gallisepticum except Psidium guajava. The results of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts against the six bacteria ranged from 625 to 5000 μg/ml. The used herbal extract could inhibit the selected microorganism under study with variable minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A. Hemeg
- Department of Medical Technology/Microbiology, College of Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihab M. Moussa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
| | - Sherin Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
| | - Turki M. Dawoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jwaher H. Alhaji
- Department of Health Science, College of Applied Studies and Community Service, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman S. Mubarak
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Kabli
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roua A. Alsubki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza M. Tawfik
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
| | - Sherif A. Marouf
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
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Biolayer interferometry provides a robust method for detecting DNA binding small molecules in microbial extracts. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:1159-1171. [PMID: 33236226 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
DNA replication is an exceptional point of therapeutic intervention for many cancer types and several small molecules targeting DNA have been developed into clinically used antitumor agents. Many of these molecules are naturally occurring metabolites from plants and microorganisms, such as the widely used chemotherapeutic doxorubicin. While natural product sources contain a vast number of DNA binding small molecules, isolating and identifying these molecules is challenging. Typical screening campaigns utilize time-consuming bioactivity-guided fractionation approaches, which use sequential rounds of cell-based assays to guide the isolation of active compounds. In this study, we explore the use of biolayer interferometry (BLI) as a tool for rapidly screening natural product sources for DNA targeting small molecules. We first verified that BLI robustly detected DNA binding using designed GC- and AT-rich DNA oligonucleotides with known DNA intercalating, groove binding, and covalent binding agents including actinomycin D (1), doxorubicin (2), ethidium bromide (3), propidium iodide (4), Hoechst 33342 (5), and netropsin (6). Although binding varied with the properties of the oligonucleotides, measured binding affinities agreed with previously reported values. We next utilized BLI to screen over 100 bacterial extracts from our microbial library for DNA binding activity and found three highly active extracts. Binding-guided isolation was used to isolate the active principle component from each extract, which were identified as echinomycin (8), actinomycin V (9), and chartreusin (10). This biosensor-based DNA binding screen is a novel, low-cost, easy to use, and sensitive approach for medium-throughput screening of complex chemical libraries. Graphical abstract.
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Discovery of noscapine derivatives as potential β-tubulin inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127489. [PMID: 32784088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Twenty novel 1,2,3-triazole noscapine derivatives were synthesized starting from noscapine by consecutive N-demethylation, reduction of lactone ring, N-propargylation and Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. In order to select the most promising molecules to subject to further biophysical and biological evaluation, a molecular docking analysis round was performed using noscapine as reference compound. The molecules featuring docking predicted binding affinity better than that of noscapine were then subjected to MTT assay against MCF7 cell line. The obtained results disclosed that all the selected triazole derivatives exhibited a remarkably lower cell viability compared to noscapine in the range of 20 μM in 48 h. In an attempt to correlate the biological activity with the ability to bind tubulin, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay was employed. Compounds 8a, 8h, 9c, 9f and 9j were able to bind tubulin with affinity constant values in the nanomolar range and higher if compared to noscapine. Integrating computational predictions and experimental evaluation, two promising compounds (8h and 9c) were identified, whose relevant cytotoxicity was supposed to be correlated with tubulin binding affinity. These findings shed lights onto structural modifications of noscapine toward the identification of more potent cytotoxic agents targeting tubulin.
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Chemistry and bioactivities of secondary metabolites from the genus Fusarium. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
AbstractThis systematic review investigated the evidence for the therapeutic potential of essential oils (EOs) against Leishmania amazonensis. We searched available scientific publications from 2005 to 2019 in the PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases, according to PRISMA statement. The search strategy utilized descriptors and free terms. The EOs effect of 35 species of plants identified in this systematic review study, 45.7% had half of the maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 10 < IC50 ⩽ 50 μg mL−1 and 14.3% had a 10 < IC50μg mL−1 for promastigote forms of L. amazonensis. EOs from Cymbopogon citratus species had the lowest IC50 (1.7 μg mL−1). Among the plant species analyzed for activity against intracellular amastigote forms of L. amazonensis, 39.4% had an IC50 10 < IC50 ⩽ 50 μg mL−1, and 33.3% had an IC50 10 < IC50μg mL−1. Aloysia gratissima EO showed the lowest IC50 (0.16 μg mL−1) for intracellular amastigotes. EOs of Chenopodium ambrosioides, Copaifera martii and Carapa guianensis, administered by the oral route, were effective in reducing parasitic load and lesion volume in L. amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice. EOs of Bixa orellana and C. ambrosioides were effective when administered intraperitoneally. Most of the studies analyzed in vitro and in vivo for the risk of bias showed moderate methodological quality. These results indicate a stimulus for the development of new phytotherapy drugs for leishmaniasis treatment.
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Mei Y, Jiang T, Zou Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Li J, Liu L, Tan J, Wei L, Li J, Dai H, Peng Y, Zhang L, Lopez-Ribot JL, Shapiro RS, Chen C, Liu NN, Wang H. FDA Approved Drug Library Screening Identifies Robenidine as a Repositionable Antifungal. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:996. [PMID: 32582050 PMCID: PMC7283467 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence of pathogenic fungal infections, the emergence of antifungal resistant clinical isolates worldwide, and the limited arsenal of available antifungals, developing new antifungal strategies is imperative. In this study, we screened a library of 1068 FDA-approved drugs to identify hits that exhibit broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Robenidine, an anticoccidial agent which has been widely used to treat coccidian infections of poultry and rabbits, was identified in this screen. Physiological concentration of robenidine (8 μM) was able to significantly inhibit yeast cell growth, filamentation and biofilm formation of Candida albicans – the most extensively studied human fungal pathogen. Moreover, we observed a broad-spectrum antifungal activity of this compound against fluconazole resistant clinical isolates of C. albicans, as well as a wide range of other clinically relevant fungal pathogens. Intriguingly, robenidine-treated C. albicans cells were hypersensitive to diverse cell wall stressors, and analysis of the cell wall structure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the cell wall was severely damaged by robenidine, implying that this compound may target the cell wall integrity signaling pathway. Indeed, upon robenidine treatment, we found a dose dependent increase in the phosphorylation of the cell wall integrity marker Mkc1, which was decreased after prolonged exposure. Finally, we provide evidence by RNA-seq and qPCR that Rlm1, the downstream transcription factor of Mkc1, may represent a potential target of robenidine. Therefore, our data suggest that robenidine, a FDA approved anti-coccidiosis drug, displays a promising and broadly effective antifungal strategy, and represents a potentially repositionable candidate for the treatment of fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Mei
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Jiang
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zou
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyang Li
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcong Tan
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luqi Wei
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingquan Li
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanqin Dai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yibing Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jose L Lopez-Ribot
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.,South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Rebecca S Shapiro
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Changbin Chen
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Ning Liu
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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