1
|
Li JK, Veeraperumal S, Aweya JJ, Liu Y, Cheong KL. Fucoidan modulates gut microbiota and immunity in Peyer's patches against inflammatory bowel disease. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122421. [PMID: 39048206 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Although fucoidan has potential use as an anti-inflammatory agent, the specific mechanisms by which it influences signaling and immunomodulatory pathways between gut microbiota and Peyer's patches remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of fucoidan in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by examining the effects on gut microbiota and the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Purified fucoidan, which upon characterization revealed structural fragments comprising →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-L-Fucp-(1→, and →3)-α-L-Fucp-(1→ residues with a sulfation at position C2 was used. Treatment of the mice with fucoidan significantly alleviated the symptoms of IBD and restored the diversity of gut microbiota by enhancing the abundance of Bacteroidetes and reducing the proportion of Firmicutes. The administration of fucoidan also elevated levels of short-chain fatty acids while reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ. Most importantly, fucoidan attenuated the expression of integrin α4β7/MAdCAM-1 and CCL25/CCR9, which are involved in homing intestinal lymphocytes within Peyer's patches. These findings indicate that fucoidan is a promising gut microbiota modulator and an anti-inflammatory agent for IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Kang Li
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Suresh Veeraperumal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou W, Kan X, Dong W, Yan Y, Mi J, Lu L, Cao Y, Sun Y, Zeng X, Wang W. In vivo absorption and fecal excretion of polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. in rats through fluorescence labeling. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134613. [PMID: 39127284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, the in vivo absorption and fecal excretion of a purified fraction of polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs-4) in rats were investigated by labelling LBPs-4 with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). It was found that the fluorescent labeled LBPs-4 (LBPs-4-FITC) was not detected in the plasma within 24 h following the administration of a single dose of LBPs-4-FITC (100 mg/kg of body weight) to rats, indicating that LBPs-4 was hardly absorbed in its prototype form. Instead, a smaller fragment dissociated from LBPs-4-FITC was observed in feces and was accumulated in a time-dependent manner, suggesting that LBPs-4 was excreted into the feces with a form of degradation. Meanwhile, we observed that LBPs-4-FTIC could modulate the fecal bacterial community profile via increasing the relative abundances of Bacteroides ovatus and Alistipes and promote the production of acetic acid. Furthermore, the monoculture experiment confirmed that LBPs-4 could be metabolized into smaller fragment by B. ovatus, producing acetic acid. Collectively, our study provides information on the destiny of LBPs-4 after oral administration: non-absorbed but moved to the large intestine and catabolized by gut microbiota, especially B. ovatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wangting Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuhui Kan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yamei Yan
- Institute of wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Institute of wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Youlong Cao
- Institute of wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Basu A, Adams AND, Degnan PH, Vanderpool CK. Determinants of raffinose family oligosaccharide use in Bacteroides species. J Bacteriol 2024:e0023524. [PMID: 39330254 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00235-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteroides species are successful colonizers of the human colon and can utilize a wide variety of complex polysaccharides and oligosaccharides that are indigestible by the host. To do this, they use enzymes encoded in polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). While recent work has uncovered the PULs required for the use of some polysaccharides, how Bacteroides utilize smaller oligosaccharides is less well studied. Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are abundant in plants, especially legumes, and consist of variable units of galactose linked by α-1,6 bonds to a sucrose (glucose α-1-β-2 fructose) moiety. Previous work showed that an α-galactosidase, BT1871, is required for RFO utilization in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Here, we identify two different types of mutations that increase BT1871 mRNA levels and improve B. thetaiotaomicron growth on RFOs. First, a novel spontaneous duplication of BT1872 and BT1871 places these genes under the control of a ribosomal promoter, driving high BT1871 transcription. Second, nonsense mutations in a gene encoding the PUL24 anti-sigma factor likewise increase BT1871 transcription. We then show that hydrolases from PUL22 work together with BT1871 to break down the sucrose moiety of RFOs and determine that the master regulator of carbohydrate utilization (BT4338) plays a role in RFO utilization in B. thetaiotaomicron. Examining the genomes of other Bacteroides species, we found homologs of BT1871 in a subset and showed that representative strains of species with a BT1871 homolog grew better on melibiose than species that lack a BT1871 homolog. Altogether, our findings shed light on how an important gut commensal utilizes an abundant dietary oligosaccharide. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiome is important in health and disease. The diverse and densely populated environment of the gut makes competition for resources fierce. Hence, it is important to study the strategies employed by microbes for resource usage. Raffinose family oligosaccharides are abundant in plants and are a major source of nutrition for the microbiota in the colon since they remain undigested by the host. Here, we study how the model commensal organism, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron utilizes raffinose family oligosaccharides. This work highlights how an important member of the microbiota uses an abundant dietary resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anubhav Basu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Amanda N D Adams
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick H Degnan
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Carin K Vanderpool
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang L, Hu J, Li K, Zhao Y, Zhu M. Advancements in gene editing technologies for probiotic-enabled disease therapy. iScience 2024; 27:110791. [PMID: 39286511 PMCID: PMC11403445 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics typically refer to microorganisms that have been identified for their health benefits, and they are added to foods or supplements to promote the health of the host. A growing number of probiotic strains have been identified lately and developed into valuable regulatory pharmaceuticals for nutritional and medical applications. Gene editing technologies play a crucial role in addressing the need for safe and therapeutic probiotics in disease treatment. These technologies offer valuable assistance in comprehending the underlying mechanisms of probiotic bioactivity and in the development of advanced probiotics. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of gene editing technologies applied in the engineering of both traditional and next-generation probiotics. It further explores the potential for on-demand production of customized products derived from enhanced probiotics, with a particular emphasis on the future of gene editing in the development of live biotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Motao Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin S, Han S, Wang X, Wang X, Shi X, He Z, Sun M, Sun J. Oral Microto-Nano Genome-Editing System Enabling Targeted Delivery and Conditional Activation of CRISPR-Cas9 for Gene Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ACS NANO 2024; 18:25657-25670. [PMID: 39215751 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c07750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The potent CRISPR-Cas9 technology can correct genes in human mutated cells to achieve the treatment of multiple diseases, but it lacks safe and effective delivery systems. Herein, we proposed an oral microto-nano genome-editing system aiming at the enteric excessive level of TNF-α for specific gene therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This editing system facilitated the assembly of Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) into nanoclusters (NCs) through the bridging of disulfide bonds. RNP-NCs were subsequently encapsulated within inflammatory cell-targeted lipopolysaccharide-deleted outer membrane vesicles (dOMVs) sourced from Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, which were further shielded by an outer layer of calcium alginate microspheres (CAMs). By leveraging the protection effect of CAMs, the oral administration system withstood gastric acid degradation upon entry into the stomach, achieving targeted delivery to the intestines with high efficiency. As the pH gradually rose, the microscale CAMs swelled and disintegrated, releasing nanoscale RNP-NCs encapsulated in dOMVs into the intestines. These RNP-NCs@dOMVs could traverse the mucosal barrier and target inflammatory macrophages where conditionally activated Cas9/sgRNA RNPs effectively perform genomic editing of TNF-α within the nucleus. Such oral microto-nano genome-editing systems represent a promising translational platform for the treatment of IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicen Lin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Shuwen Han
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang313000, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xianbao Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu X, Dong M, Li Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Wang C, Wang N, Wang D. Structural properties of glucan from Russula griseocarnosa and its immunomodulatory activities mediated via T cell differentiation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122214. [PMID: 38823900 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The polysaccharide, RGP2, was isolated from Russula griseocarnosa and its immunostimulatory effects were confirmed in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice. Following purification via chromatography, structural analysis revealed that RGP2 had a molecular weight of 11.82 kDa and consisted of glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), mannose, glucuronic acid and glucosamine. Bond structure analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance characterization confirmed that the main chain of RGP2 was formed by →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ and →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, which was substituted at O-3 of →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ by β-D-Glcp-(1→. RGP2 was found to ameliorate pathological damage in the spleen and enhance immune cell activity in immunosuppressed mice. Based on combined multiomics analysis, RGP2 altered the abundance of immune-related microbiota (such as Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, and Bacteroides) in the gut and metabolites (uridine, leucine, and tryptophan) in the serum. Compared with immunosuppressed mice, RGP2 also restored the function of antigen-presenting cells, promoted the polarization of macrophages into the M1 phenotype, positively affected the differentiation of helper T cells, and inhibited regulatory T cell differentiation through the protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, ultimately exerting an immune boosting function. Overall, our findings highlight therapeutic strategies to alleviate CTX-induced immunosuppression in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; School of Health Science and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300131, China.
| | - Mingyuan Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Lanzhou Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 6/F, 3 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam 000000, Hong Kong.
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rong X, Shen C, Shu Q. Interplay between traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides and gut microbiota: The elusive "polysaccharides-bond-bacteria-enzyme" equation. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 39120443 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are one of the most important components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have been extensively studied for their immunomodulatory properties. The functions and effects of TCM polysaccharides are closely related to the gut microbiota, making the study of their interaction a hot topic in the field of TCM metabolism. This review follows two main inquiries: first, how the gut microbiota breaks down TCM polysaccharides to produce bioactive metabolites; and second, how TCM polysaccharides reshape the gut microbiota as a carbon source. Understanding the interaction mechanism involves a challenging equation of the structural association of TCM polysaccharides with the metabolic activities of the microbiota. This review has meticulously searched, partially organized literature spanning the past decade, that delves into the interaction mechanism between TCM polysaccharides and gut microbiota. It also gives an overview of the complex factors of the elusive "polysaccharides-bond-bacteria-enzyme" equation: the complexity of polysaccharide structures, the diversity of glycosidic bond types, the communal nature of metabolizing microbiota, the enzymes involved in functional degradation by microbiota, and the hierarchical roles of polysaccharide utilization locus and gram-positive PULs. Finally, this review aims to facilitate discussion among peers in the field of TCM microbiota and offers prospects for research in related fields, paving the way for pharmacological studies on TCM polysaccharides and gut microbiota therapeutics, and providing a reference point for further clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- XinQian Rong
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - CanTing Shen
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - QingLong Shu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang J, Sun Y, Wang Q, Yu S, Li Y, Yao B, Yang X. Astragalus polysaccharides-induced gut microbiota play a predominant role in enhancing of intestinal barrier function of broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:106. [PMID: 39103958 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal barrier is the first line of defense against intestinal invasion by pathogens and foreign antigens and is closely associated with the gut microbiota. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine owing to its protective properties against intestinal barrier function. The mechanism of APS-induced gut microbiota enhancing intestinal barrier function is urgently needed. RESULTS Dietary polysaccharide deprivation induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, decreased growth performance, altered microbial composition (Faecalibacterium, Dorea, and Coprobacillus), and reduced isobutyrate concentration. The results showed that APS facilitates intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens, including a thicker mucus layer, reduced crypt depth, and the growth of tight junction proteins. We studied the landscape of APS-induced gut microbiota and found that APS selectively promoted the growth of Parabacteroides, a commensal bacterium that plays a predominant role in enhancing intestinal barrier function. An in vitro growth assay further verified that APS selectively increased the abundance of Parabacteroides distasonis and Bacteroides uniformis. Dietary APS supplementation increased the concentrations of isobutyrate and bile acid (mainly chenodeoxycholic acid and deoxycholate acid) and activated signaling pathways related to intestinal barrier function (such as protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, tight junctions, and adherens junction signaling pathways). CONCLUSIONS APS intervention restored the dietary polysaccharide-induced dysfunction of the intestinal barrier by selectively promoting the abundance of Parabacteroides distasonis, and increasing the concentrations of isobutyrate and bile acids (mainly CDCA and DCA). These findings suggest that APS-induced gut microbiota and metabolic niches are promising strategies for enhancing intestinal barrier function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanpeng Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beijing, China
| | - Qianggang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shanglin Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanhe Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xiao M, Zhang C, Duan H, Narbad A, Zhao J, Chen W, Zhai Q, Yu L, Tian F. Cross-feeding of bifidobacteria promotes intestinal homeostasis: a lifelong perspective on the host health. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:47. [PMID: 38898089 PMCID: PMC11186840 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00524-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout the life span of a host, bifidobacteria have shown superior colonization and glycan abilities. Complex glycans, such as human milk oligosaccharides and plant glycans, that reach the colon are directly internalized by the transport system of bifidobacteria, cleaved into simple structures by extracellular glycosyl hydrolase, and transported to cells for fermentation. The glycan utilization of bifidobacteria introduces cross-feeding activities between bifidobacterial strains and other microbiota, which are influenced by host nutrition and regulate gut homeostasis. This review discusses bifidobacterial glycan utilization strategies, focusing on the cross-feeding involved in bifidobacteria and its potential health benefits. Furthermore, the impact of cross-feeding on the gut trophic niche of bifidobacteria and host health is also highlighted. This review provides novel insights into the interactions between microbe-microbe and host-microbe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Hui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park Colney, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fang Z, Ma M, Wang Y, Dai W, Shang Q, Yu G. Degradation and fermentation of hyaluronic acid by Bacteroides spp. from the human gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 334:122074. [PMID: 38553207 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Bacteroides spp. are prominent members of the human gut microbiota that play critical roles in the metabolism of complex carbohydrates from the daily diet. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a multifunctional polysaccharide which has been extensively used in the food and biomedical industry. However, how HA is degraded and fermented by Bacteroides spp. has not been fully characterized. Here, we comprehensively investigated the detailed degradation profiles and fermentation characteristics of four different HAs with discrete molecular weight (Mw) by fourteen distinctive Bacteroides spp. from the human gut microbiota. Our results indicated that high-Mw HAs were more degradable and fermentable than low-Mw HAs. Interestingly, B. salyersiae showed the best degrading capability for both high-Mw and low-Mw HAs, making it a keystone species for HA degradation among Bacteroides spp.. Specifically, HA degradation by B. salyersiae produced significant amounts of unsaturated tetrasaccharide (udp4). Co-culture experiments indicated that the produced udp4 could be further fermented and utilized by non-proficient HA-degraders, suggesting a possible cross-feeding interaction in the utilization of HA within the Bacteroides spp.. Altogether, our study provides novel insights into the metabolism of HA by the human gut microbiota, which has considerable implications for the development of new HA-based nutraceuticals and medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mingfeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yamin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qingsen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China; Qingdao Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Basu A, Adams AN, Degnan PH, Vanderpool CK. Determinants of raffinose family oligosaccharide use in Bacteroides species. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.07.597959. [PMID: 38895307 PMCID: PMC11185731 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.07.597959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Bacteroides species are successful colonizers of the human gut and can utilize a wide variety of complex polysaccharides and oligosaccharides that are indigestible by the host. To do this, they use enzymes encoded in Polysaccharide Utilization Loci (PULs). While recent work has uncovered the PULs required for use of some polysaccharides, how Bacteroides utilize smaller oligosaccharides is less well studied. Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are abundant in plants, especially legumes, and consist of variable units of galactose linked by α-1,6 bonds to a sucrose (glucose α-1-β-2 fructose) moiety. Previous work showed that an α-galactosidase, BT1871, is required for RFO utilization in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Here, we identify two different types of mutations that increase BT1871 mRNA levels and improve B. thetaiotaomicron growth on RFOs. First, a novel spontaneous duplication of BT1872 and BT1871 places these genes under control of a ribosomal promoter, driving high BT1871 transcription. Second, nonsense mutations in a gene encoding the PUL24 anti-sigma factor likewise increase BT1871 transcription. We then show that hydrolases from PUL22 work together with BT1871 to break down the sucrose moiety of RFOs and determine that the master regulator of carbohydrate utilization (BT4338) plays a role in RFO utilization in B. thetaiotaomicron. Examining the genomes of other Bacteroides species, we found homologs of BT1871 in subset and show that representative strains of species containing a BT1871 homolog grew better on melibiose than species that lack a BT1871 homolog. Altogether, our findings shed light on how an important gut commensal utilizes an abundant dietary oligosaccharide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anubhav Basu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Amanda N.D. Adams
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick H. Degnan
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Carin K. Vanderpool
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shi J, Zhou W, Chen G, Yi W, Sun Y, Zeng X. The Utilization by Bacteroides spp. of a Purified Polysaccharide from Fuzhuan Brick Tea. Foods 2024; 13:1666. [PMID: 38890895 PMCID: PMC11172108 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, four Bacteroides species that could degrade Fuzhuan brick tea polysaccharide-3 (FBTPS-3) were isolated from human feces and identified to be Bacteroides ovatus, B. uniformis, B. fragilis and B. thetaiotaomicron. The four Bacteroides species showed growth on FBTPS-3 as the carbon source, and B. ovatus showed the best capability for utilizing FBTPS-3 among the four species since B. ovatus could utilize more FBTPS-3 during 24 h fermentation. Moreover, the four Bacteroides species could metabolize FBTPS-3 and promote the production of acetic, propionic and isovaleric acids. Transcriptome analysis of B. ovatus revealed that 602 genes were up-regulated by FBTPS-3, including two carbohydrate-active enzyme clusters and four polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). The PUL 1 contained GH28 family that could hydrolyze rhamnogalacturonan and other pectic substrates, which was in line with our previous work that rhamnose and galacturonic acid were the main component monosaccharides of FBTPS-3. Collectively, the results suggested that FBTPS-3 could be utilized by Bacteroides spp., and it might be developed as a promising prebiotic targeting Bacteroidetes in intestinal environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.S.); (W.Z.); (G.C.); (W.Y.); (Y.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Garrison EC, Brown AMV, Salazar MM, Barr B, Moustaid-Moussa N, Gollahon LS. Microbiome Taxonomic and Functional Differences in C3H/HeJ Mice Fed a Long-Term High-Fat Diet with Beef Protein ± Ammonium Hydroxide Supplementation. Nutrients 2024; 16:1613. [PMID: 38892546 PMCID: PMC11174526 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that alkalinized foods may reduce the effects of the acidogenic Western diet in promoting obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and coronary heart disease. Indeed, a recent study in mice fed a high-fat diet containing dietary beef supplemented with ammonium hydroxide showed improvement in a suite of metabolic outcomes. However, the effects of dietary protein ammonium supplementation on the microbiome remain unknown. In this study, the effects of ammonium supplementation on beef protein towards microbiome taxa and function in a high-fat diet were analyzed. Fecal microbiomes were characterized using a shotgun metagenomic approach for 16-month-old male and female mice after long-term diet treatments. The results for ammoniated diets showed that several bacteria known to be associated with health benefits increased significantly, including Romboutsia, Oscillospiraceae, and Lactococcus cremoris. The beneficial mucin-degrader Akkermansia was especially abundant, with a high prevalence (~86%) in females. Concurrently, the phyla Actinomycetota (Actinobacteria) and Bacteroidota (Bacteroidetes) were significantly reduced. While sex was a confounding factor affecting microbiome responses to ammonium supplementation in dietary protein, it is worth noting that several putatively beneficial microbiome functions increased with ammonium supplementation, such as glycine betaine transport, xenobiotic detoxification, enhanced defense, and others. Conversely, many disease-associated microbiome functions reduced. Importantly, modifying protein pH alone via ammonium supplementation induced beneficial microbiota changes. Taken together, these results suggest that ammonium-supplemented proteins may mediate some negative microbiome-associated effects of high-fat/Western diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Garrison
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (E.C.G.); (A.M.V.B.); (M.M.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Amanda M. V. Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (E.C.G.); (A.M.V.B.); (M.M.S.); (B.B.)
| | - McKinlee M. Salazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (E.C.G.); (A.M.V.B.); (M.M.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Benjamin Barr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (E.C.G.); (A.M.V.B.); (M.M.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Lauren S. Gollahon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (E.C.G.); (A.M.V.B.); (M.M.S.); (B.B.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guo H, He X, Yu L, Tian F, Chen W, Zhai Q. Bifidobacterium adolescentis CCFM1285 combined with yeast β-glucan alleviates the gut microbiota and metabolic disturbances in mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Food Funct 2024; 15:3709-3721. [PMID: 38488198 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05421g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a self-limiting condition that can occur during antibiotic therapy. Our previous studies have found that a combination of Bacteroides uniformis and Bifidobacterium adolescentis can effectively alleviate AAD. However, the use of B. uniformis is still strictly limited. Therefore, this study attempted to use yeast β-glucan to enrich the abundance of B. uniformis in the intestine and supplement Bifidobacterium adolescentis to exert a synergistic effect. The lincomycin hydrochloride-induced AAD model was administered yeast β-glucan or a mixture of B. adolescentis CCFM1285 by gavage for one week. Subsequently, changes in the colonic histopathological structure, inflammatory factors, intestinal epithelial permeability and integrity, metabolites, and gut microbiota diversity were assessed. We found that yeast β-glucan, alone or in combination with B. adolescentis CCFM1285, can help attenuate systemic inflammation, increase the rate of tissue structural recovery, regulate metabolism, and restore the gut microbiota. Specifically, the combination of yeast β-glucan and B. adolescentis CCFM1285 was more effective in decreasing interleukin-6 levels, improving pathological changes in the colon, and upregulating occludin expression. Therefore, our study showed that the combination of yeast β-glucan and B. adolescentis CCFM1285 is an efficacious treatment for AAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xingfei He
- Rehabilitation Hospital of Huishan District, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214181, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang J, Qin K, Wang Q, Yang X. Deciphering the nutritional strategies for polysaccharides effects on intestinal barrier in broilers: Selectively promote microbial ecosystems. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130677. [PMID: 38458298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota, a complex and dynamic microbial ecosystem, plays a crucial role in regulating the intestinal barrier. Polysaccharide foraging is specifically dedicated to establishing and maintaining microbial communities, contributing to the shaping of the intestinal ecosystem and ultimately enhancing the integrity of the intestinal barrier. The utilization and regulation of individual polysaccharides often rely on distinct gut-colonizing bacteria. The products of their metabolism not only benefit the formation of the ecosystem but also facilitate cross-feeding partnerships. In this review, we elucidate the mechanisms by which specific bacteria degrade polysaccharides, and how polysaccharide metabolism shapes the microbial ecosystem through cross-feeding. Furthermore, we explore how selectively promoting microbial ecosystems and their metabolites contributes to improvements in the integrity of the intestinal barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kailong Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianggang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Xu Q, Wang Y, Zhang C, Xu S, Luo M, Yang S. Caragana sinica (Buc'hoz) Rehd. (jin ji er) polysaccharide regulates the immune function and intestinal microbiota of cyclophosphamide (CTX) induced immunosuppressed mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117551. [PMID: 38081398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Caragana sinica (Buc'hoz) Rehd. is a plant widely grown in Yunnan, China, for both medicinal and edible purposes. The "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine" describes its nature as "slightly temperate and sweet". Caragana sinica is usually medicated with whole herbs, the main function is to replenish the kidneys and stop bleeding. Caragana sinica was used in folk medicine in Chuxiong, Yunnan, to treat deficiency colds, fatigue, fever, cough, hypertension, and other diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY This article investigates the structural characteristics of Caragana sinica polysaccharide (CSP) and explores its immune-regulatory activity and molecular biological mechanisms in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice, as well as its effects on intestinal bacteria. METHODS With the water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation method, Caragana sinica polysaccharide were extracted, obtaining CSP by purification. A variety of methods and techniques have been used to analyze the chemical properties and structural characteristics of CSP. Immunosuppressive mice model was established through intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX) to study the immune-regulatory effects and mechanisms of CSP. RESULTS The data indicated that CSP is a neutral heteropolysaccharide mainly composed of arabinose and galactose. This article uses immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) as the model. The results showed that CSP can promote the immune function of CTX treated immunosuppressed mice and regulate the diversity and composition of intestinal microbiota. CSP can increase macrophage phagocytosis, NK cell killing activity, and lymphocyte proliferation activity. It can also repair the index and morphological damage of the thymus and spleen. And by binding to the TLR4 receptor, MyD88 was activated and interacted with TRAF6 to promote the transfer of NF-κB into the nucleus. Thereby promoting cytokine release and increasing the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IgA, and IgG in the serum. CSP also effectively alleviated the liver damage caused by CTX through antioxidant activity. Furthermore, CSP can dramatically affect the intestinal microbiota and the body's immunity by boosting the relative presence of Bacteroides and Verrucamicrobiota. CONCLUSIONS Research results indicated that CSP can regulate the immune function of mice, providing a basis for developing CSP as a potential immune modulator and functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Qirui Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Yazi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Shan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Manhong Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Shuhan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wong JPH, Chillier N, Fischer-Stettler M, Zeeman SC, Battin TJ, Persat A. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron metabolic activity decreases with polysaccharide molecular weight. mBio 2024; 15:e0259923. [PMID: 38376161 PMCID: PMC10936149 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02599-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The human colon hosts hundreds of commensal bacterial species, many of which ferment complex dietary carbohydrates. To transform these fibers into metabolically accessible compounds, microbes often express a series of dedicated enzymes homologous to the starch utilization system (Sus) encoded in polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). The genome of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt), a common member of the human gut microbiota, encodes nearly 100 PULs, conferring a strong metabolic versatility. While the structures and functions of individual enzymes within the PULs have been investigated, little is known about how polysaccharide complexity impacts the function of Sus-like systems. We here show that the activity of Sus-like systems depends on polysaccharide size, ultimately impacting bacterial growth. We demonstrate the effect of size-dependent metabolism in the context of dextran metabolism driven by the specific utilization system PUL48. We find that as the molecular weight of dextran increases, Bt growth rate decreases and lag time increases. At the enzymatic level, the dextranase BT3087, a glycoside hydrolase (GH) belonging to the GH family 66, is the main GH for dextran utilization, and BT3087 and BT3088 contribute to Bt dextran metabolism in a size-dependent manner. Finally, we show that the polysaccharide size-dependent metabolism of Bt impacts its metabolic output in a way that modulates the composition of a producer-consumer community it forms with Bacteroides fragilis. Altogether, our results expose an overlooked aspect of Bt metabolism that can impact the composition and diversity of microbiota. IMPORTANCE Polysaccharides are complex molecules that are commonly found in our diet. While humans lack the ability to degrade many polysaccharides, their intestinal microbiota contain bacterial commensals that are versatile polysaccharide utilizers. The gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron dedicates roughly 20% of their genomes to the expression of polysaccharide utilization loci for the broad range utilization of polysaccharides. Although it is known that different polysaccharide utilization loci are dedicated to the degradation of specific polysaccharides with unique glycosidic linkages and monosaccharide compositions, it is often overlooked that specific polysaccharides may also exist in various molecular weights. These different physical attributes may impact their processability by starch utilization system-like systems, leading to differing growth rates and nutrient-sharing properties at the community level. Therefore, understanding how molecular weight impacts utilization by gut microbe may lead to the potential design of novel precision prebiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P. H. Wong
- Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Noémie Chillier
- Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Tom J. Battin
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Persat
- Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu D, Zhang Z, Song Q, Jia Y, Qi J, Xu M. Modulating Gastrointestinal Microbiota in Preweaning Dairy Calves: Dose-Dependent Effects of Milk-Based Sodium Butyrate Supplementation. Microorganisms 2024; 12:333. [PMID: 38399737 PMCID: PMC10893347 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sodium butyrate (SB), an essential nutritional additive for livestock, has drawn notable interest for its potential for enhancing microbiota development in ruminant animals. This study aimed to assess SB's effects on ruminal and intestinal microbiota when added to milk for preweaning dairy calves nearing 45 days old. We administered SB in the calves' milk at four levels: 0 g/d (control), 4.4 g/d (low), 8.8 g/d (medium), and 17.6 g/d (high). After a six-week trial with ten replicates per group, ruminal fluid and fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing, specifically targeting the V3-V4 regions to analyze microbiota. The results indicated an enhancement in ruminal microbiota, particularly in community richness, with low-level SB supplementation but minimal benefits from medium and high levels of supplementation. Increasing the level of SB supplementation had a negative impact on intestinal microbiota, affecting community richness and some potentially beneficial bacterial genera. However, low SB supplementation could positively adjust the communication between ruminal and intestinal microbiota. Overall, this study suggests feeding milk supplemented with a low level of SB to suckling calves close to an older age to promote ruminal microbiota development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Wu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (D.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.J.)
| | - Zhanhe Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (D.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.J.)
| | - Qifan Song
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (D.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yang Jia
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (D.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.J.)
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010080, China
| | - Jingwei Qi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (D.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.J.)
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010080, China
| | - Ming Xu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (D.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.J.)
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010080, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang J, Qin K, Sun Y, Yang X. Microbiota-accessible fiber activates short-chain fatty acid and bile acid metabolism to improve intestinal mucus barrier in broiler chickens. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0206523. [PMID: 38095466 PMCID: PMC10782983 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02065-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The intestinal mucus barrier, located at the interface of the intestinal epithelium and the microbiota, is the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms and environmental antigens. Dietary polysaccharides, which act as microbiota-accessible fiber, play a key role in the regulation of intestinal microbial communities. However, the mechanism via which dietary fiber affects the intestinal mucus barrier through targeted regulation of the gut microbiota is not clear. This study provides fundamental evidence for the benefits of dietary fiber supplementation in broiler chickens through improvement in the intestinal mucus barrier by targeted regulation of the gut ecosystem. Our findings suggest that the microbiota-accessible fiber-gut microbiota-short-chain fatty acid/bile acid axis plays a key role in regulating intestinal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kailong Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanpeng Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Y, Hu J, Zhong Y, Liu S, Liu L, Mu X, Chen C, Yang S, Li G, Zhang D, Huang X, Yang J, Huang X, Bian S, Nie S. Insoluble/soluble fraction ratio determines effects of dietary fiber on gut microbiota and serum metabolites in healthy mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:338-354. [PMID: 38088096 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04068b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Both soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) play pivotal roles in maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis; whether the effects of the different ratios of IDF and SDF are consistent remains unclear. Consequently, we selected SDFs and IDFs from six representative foods (apple, celery, kale, black fungus, oats, and soybeans) and formulated nine dietary fiber recipes composed of IDF and SDF with a ratio from 1 : 9 to 9 : 1 (NDFR) to compare their impact on microbial effects with healthy mice. We discovered that NDFR treatment decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. The α diversity and relative richness of Parabacteroides and Prevotella at the genus level showed an upward trend along with the ratio of IDF increasing, while the relative abundance of Akkermansia at the genus level and the production of acetic acid and propionic acid exhibited an increased trend along with the ratio of SDF increasing. The relative abundance of Parabacteroides and Prevotella in the I9S1DF group (the ratio of IDF and SDF was 9 : 1) was 1.72 times and 5.92 times higher than that in the I1S9DF group (the ratio of IDF and SDF was 1 : 9), respectively. The relative abundance of Akkermansia in the I1S9DF group was 17.18 times higher than that in the I9S1DF group. Moreover, a high ratio of SDF (SDF reaches 60% or more) enriched the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway; however, a high ratio of IDF (IDF reaches 80% or more) regulated the tricarboxylic acid cycle. These findings are helpful in the development of dietary fiber supplements based on gut microbiota and metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Liandi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xinyi Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shenji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Guohao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xinru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jinrui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shuigen Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li J, Peng C, Mao A, Zhong M, Hu Z. An overview of microbial enzymatic approaches for pectin degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127804. [PMID: 37913880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Pectin, a complex natural macromolecule present in primary cell walls, exhibits high structural diversity. Pectin is composed of a main chain, which contains a high amount of partly methyl-esterified galacturonic acid (GalA), and numerous types of side chains that contain almost 17 different monosaccharides and over 20 different linkages. Due to this peculiar structure, pectin exhibits special physicochemical properties and a variety of bioactivities. For example, pectin exhibits strong bioactivity only in a low molecular weight range. Many different degrading enzymes, including hydrolases, lyases and esterases, are needed to depolymerize pectin due to its structural complexity. Pectin degradation involves polygalacturonases/rhamnogalacturonases and pectate/pectin lyases, which attack the linkages in the backbone via hydrolytic and β-elimination modes, respectively. Pectin methyl/acetyl esterases involved in the de-esterification of pectin also play crucial roles. Many α-L-rhamnohydrolases, unsaturated rhamnogalacturonyl hydrolases, arabinanases and galactanases also contribute to heterogeneous pectin degradation. Although numerous microbial pectin-degrading enzymes have been described, the mechanisms involved in the coordinated degradation of pectin through these enzymes remain unclear. In recent years, the degradation of pectin by Bacteroides has received increasing attention, as Bacteroides species contain a unique genetic structure, polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). The specific PULs of pectin degradation in Bacteroides species are a new field to study pectin metabolism in gut microbiota. This paper reviews the scientific information available on pectin structural characteristics, pectin-degrading enzymes, and PULs for the specific degradation of pectin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China; Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
| | - Chao Peng
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Aihua Mao
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Mingqi Zhong
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhong Hu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu L, Park SH, Kim H. Direct and Indirect Evidence of Effects of Bacteroides spp. on Obesity and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:438. [PMID: 38203609 PMCID: PMC10778732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders present a significant public health challenge globally. The intricate relationship between the gut microbiome, particularly Bacteroides spp. (BAC), and obesity, including their specific metabolic functions, remains partly unresolved. This review consolidates current research on BAC's role in obesity and lipid metabolism, with three objectives: (1) To summarize the gut microbiota's impact on obesity; (2) To assess BAC's efficacy in obesity intervention; (3) To explore BAC's mechanisms in obesity and lipid metabolism management. This review critically examines the role of BAC in obesity, integrating findings from clinical and preclinical studies. We highlight the changes in BAC diversity and concentration following successful obesity treatment and discuss the notable differences in BAC characteristics among individuals with varying obesity levels. Furthermore, we review recent preclinical studies demonstrating the potential of BAC in ameliorating obesity and related inflammatory conditions, providing detailed insights into the methodologies of these in vivo experiments. Additionally, certain BAC-derived metabolites have been shown to be involved in the regulation of host lipid metabolism-related pathways. The enhanced TNF production by dendritic cells following BAC administration, in response to LPS, also positions BAC as a potential adjunctive therapy in obesity management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Ilsan Hospital of Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seo-Hyun Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Bundang Hospital of Dongguk University, Seongnam 13601, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Bundang Hospital of Dongguk University, Seongnam 13601, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Groisman EA, Han W, Krypotou E. Advancing the fitness of gut commensal bacteria. Science 2023; 382:766-768. [PMID: 37972163 PMCID: PMC10838159 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh9165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient starvation of beneficial bacteria helps them colonize the human gut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo A. Groisman
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine; New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Weiwei Han
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine; New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Emilia Krypotou
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine; New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fan L, Xia Y, Wang Y, Han D, Liu Y, Li J, Fu J, Wang L, Gan Z, Liu B, Fu J, Zhu C, Wu Z, Zhao J, Han H, Wu H, He Y, Tang Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Zhang F, Zong X, Yin J, Zhou X, Yang X, Wang J, Yin Y, Ren W. Gut microbiota bridges dietary nutrients and host immunity. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2466-2514. [PMID: 37286860 PMCID: PMC10247344 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dietary nutrients and the gut microbiota are increasingly recognized to cross-regulate and entrain each other, and thus affect host health and immune-mediated diseases. Here, we systematically review the current understanding linking dietary nutrients to gut microbiota-host immune interactions, emphasizing how this axis might influence host immunity in health and diseases. Of relevance, we highlight that the implications of gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention could be harnessed in orchestrating a spectrum of immune-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Fan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youxia Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Jiahuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie Fu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Leli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Zhending Gan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bingnan Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jian Fu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Congrui Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hui Han
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yiwen He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yulong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Qingzhuo Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yibin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Xin Zong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China.
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Wenkai Ren
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li L, Guan W, Fan Y, He Q, Guo D, Yuan A, Xing Q, Wang Y, Ma Z, Ni J, Chen J, Zhou Q, Zhong Y, Li J, Zhang H. Zinc/carbon nanomaterials inhibit antibiotic resistance genes by affecting quorum sensing and microbial community in cattle manure production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129648. [PMID: 37572887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
This study used metagenomic sequencing to examine the effects of carbon-based zinc oxide nanoparticles (CZnONPs) and graphene-based zinc oxide nanoparticles (GZnONPs) on quorum sensing (QS), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microbial community changes during cattle manure production. The manure zinc content was significantly reduced in GZnONPs group. In the QS pathway, the autoinducer gene increases significantly in Control group, while the transporter and repressor genes experience a substantial increase in CZnONPs group. These results contributed to the significantly decreased the abundance of ARGs in GZnONPs group. The co-occurrence network analysis revealed a correlation between core ARGs and QS-related KEGG Orthology or ARGs' hosts, indicating that the selective pressure of zinc influences microbial QS, forming a unique ARG pattern in in vivo anaerobic fermentation. These findings suggest that implementing nutritional regulation in farming practices can serve as a preventive measure to mitigate the potential transmission of ARGs resulting from livestock waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Li
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Weikun Guan
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Yihao Fan
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Qin He
- College of Life Sciences, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Dongsheng Guo
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - An Yuan
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Qingfeng Xing
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Ziqin Ma
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Jian Ni
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Qilong Zhou
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Yuhong Zhong
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Jiating Li
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yi Chun 336000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bai J, Wang B, Tan X, Huang L, Xiong S. Regulatory effect of lactulose on intestinal flora and serum metabolites in colitis mice: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100821. [PMID: 37780294 PMCID: PMC10534180 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactulose is a common component in foods. However, the effect of lactulose on intestinal flora and overall metabolic levels remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the regulative role of lactulose on intestinal flora and serum metabolites via in vitro simulated colonic fermentation model and in vivo colitis mouse model. The results showed that lactulose significantly enriched beneficial bacteria including Dubosiella and Bifidobacterium, and reduced pathogenic bacteria such as Fusobacterium. Moreover, lactulose significantly inhibited dextran sodium sulfate-induced body weight loss, colon shortening, colonic inflammatory infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-1β. Lactulose significantly affected serum metabolome in colitis mice and total 24 metabolites representing a high inter-group difference were obtained. Correlation analysis revealed that the changes in serum metabolites were closely associated with the role of intestinal flora, and thus affected phenotypic indicators. Our study provides a reference for nutritional characteristics and application scenarios of dietary lactulose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junying Bai
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Botao Wang
- Bloomage Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Linhua Huang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Shuangli Xiong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu 610100, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wuyts S, Alves R, Zimmermann‐Kogadeeva M, Nishijima S, Blasche S, Driessen M, Geyer PE, Hercog R, Kartal E, Maier L, Müller JB, Garcia Santamarina S, Schmidt TSB, Sevin DC, Telzerow A, Treit PV, Wenzel T, Typas A, Patil KR, Mann M, Kuhn M, Bork P. Consistency across multi-omics layers in a drug-perturbed gut microbial community. Mol Syst Biol 2023; 19:e11525. [PMID: 37485738 PMCID: PMC10495815 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202311525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-omics analyses are used in microbiome studies to understand molecular changes in microbial communities exposed to different conditions. However, it is not always clear how much each omics data type contributes to our understanding and whether they are concordant with each other. Here, we map the molecular response of a synthetic community of 32 human gut bacteria to three non-antibiotic drugs by using five omics layers (16S rRNA gene profiling, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics). We find that all the omics methods with species resolution are highly consistent in estimating relative species abundances. Furthermore, different omics methods complement each other for capturing functional changes. For example, while nearly all the omics data types captured that the antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine selectively inhibits Bacteroidota representatives in the community, the metatranscriptome and metaproteome suggested that the drug induces stress responses related to protein quality control. Metabolomics revealed a decrease in oligosaccharide uptake, likely caused by Bacteroidota depletion. Our study highlights how multi-omics datasets can be utilized to reveal complex molecular responses to external perturbations in microbial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sander Wuyts
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Renato Alves
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | | | | | - Sonja Blasche
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Medical Research Council Toxicology UnitCambridgeUK
| | | | - Philipp E Geyer
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Rajna Hercog
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Ece Kartal
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Lisa Maier
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Johannes B Müller
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Sarela Garcia Santamarina
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Present address:
MOSTMICRO Unit, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e BiologicaUniversidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| | | | | | - Anja Telzerow
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Peter V Treit
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Tobias Wenzel
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Present address:
Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological SciencesPontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | | | - Kiran R Patil
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Medical Research Council Toxicology UnitCambridgeUK
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
- Proteomics Program, NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Michael Kuhn
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Peer Bork
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- Yonsei Frontier Lab (YFL)Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
- Department of Bioinformatics, BiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ren Y, Wu J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Ren J, Zhang Z, Chen B, Zhang K, Zhu B, Liu W, Li S, Li X. Lifestyle patterns influence the composition of the gut microbiome in a healthy Chinese population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14425. [PMID: 37660184 PMCID: PMC10475076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing allows for the comprehensive analysis of the human intestinal microbiota. However, extensive association analyses between the microbiome and lifestyle differences in the Chinese population are limited. Here, we carried out an independent cohort study-the Chinese Healthy Gut Project (n = 483)-where correlations between the gut microbiota and dietary and lifestyle variables in a healthy Chinese population are defined. We collected both questionnaire data, including basic information and lifestyle and dietary variables, and fecal stools from the enrolled volunteers. We then performed 16S rRNA sequencing on the microbial DNA isolated from the stools to assess the composition of the intestinal microbiota. We found that Prevotella and Bacteroides were the most abundant genera in the healthy Chinese gut microbiome. Additionally, 9 out of 29 clinical and questionnaire-based phenotype covariates were found to be associated with the variation in the composition of the gut microbiota. Among these lifestyle phenotypes, sleep procrastination, negative mood, and drinking habits had the largest effect size. Additionally, an appreciable effect of urbanization was observed, resulting in decreased intra-individual diversity, increased inter-individual diversity, and an increased abundance of the Bacteroides enterotype. The results of this study provide a foundation for assessing the healthy Chinese gut microbiota community structure at baseline in a healthy Chinese population. Furthermore, this study also provides insights into understanding how distinctive living habits influence the relationships between the Chinese gut microbiome and systemic health state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lanying Zhang
- Coyote Diagnostics Lab (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Binghan Chen
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Kejian Zhang
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Sabrina Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
- Coyote Diagnostics Lab (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
| | - Xu Li
- Coyote Bioscience (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wen C, Li T, Wang B, Jin C, Li S, Li Y, Li M, Ding K. A pectic polysaccharide isolated from Achyranthes bidentata is metabolized by human gut Bacteroides spp. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125785. [PMID: 37451376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Achyranthes bidentata (A. bidentata) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TGM) for treatment osteoporosis. Polysaccharides, a major factor for shaping the gut microbiota, are the primary ingredients of A. bidentata. However, bioactivity of A. bidentata polysaccharide on human gut microbiota (HGM) remains unknown. Here, a homogeneous pectic polysaccharide A23-1 with average molecular weight of 93.085 kDa was extracted and purified from A. bidentata. And A23-1 was compsed of rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 7.26: 0.76: 5.12: 2.54: 23.51: 60.81. GC-MS, partial acid hydrolysis and NMR results indicated the backbone of A23-1 was composed of 1, 2, 4-Rhap and 1, 4-GlapA, while the branches were composed of galactose, arabinose, glucose and glucuronic acid. Further, A23-1 was found to be degraded into monosaccharides and fragments. Taking Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT) as a model, we suggested three polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) might be involved in the A23-1 degradation. Degraded products generated by BO might not support the growth of probiotics. Besides, acetate and propionate as the main end products were generated by Bacteroides spp. and probiotics utilizing A23-1. These findings suggested A23-1 was possible one of food sources of human gut Bacteroides spp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Binqiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Can Jin
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Saijuan Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yun Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meixia Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Kan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhao T, Yue H, Peng J, Nie Y, Wu L, Li T, Niu W, Li C, Zhang Z, Li M, Ding K. Degradation of xylan by human gut Bacteroides xylanisolvens XB1A. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:121005. [PMID: 37230606 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Although many polysaccharides utilization loci (PULs) have been investigated by genomics and transcriptomics, the detailed functional characterization lags severely behind. We hypothesize that PULs on the genome of Bacteroides xylanisolvens XB1A (BX) dictate the degradation of complex xylan. To address, xylan S32 isolated from Dendrobium officinale was employed as a sample polysaccharide. We firstly showed that xylan S32 promoted the growth of BX which might degrade xylan S32 into monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. We further showed that this degradation was performed mainly via two discrete PULs in the genome of BX. Briefly, a new surface glycan binding protein (SGBP) BX_29290SGBP was identified, and shown to be essential for the growth of BX on xylan S32. Two cell surface endo-xylanases Xyn10A and Xyn10B cooperated to deconstruct the xylan S32. Intriguingly, genes encoding Xyn10A and Xyn10B were mainly distributed in the genome of Bacteroides spp. In addition, BX metabolized xylan S32 to produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and folate. Taken together, these findings provide new evidence to understand the food source of BX and the BX-directed intervention strategy by xylan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, PR China; Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Han Yue
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Junfeng Peng
- Department of Pancreatic-biliary Surgery, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yingmin Nie
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Longzhen Wu
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Wei Niu
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Chuan Li
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zhengqing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
| | - Meixia Li
- Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Kan Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, PR China; Carbohydrate-Based Drug Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528400, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen JF, Ou-Yang MC, Hsia KC, Li CM, Yeh YT, Ho HH. A Three-Arm, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety of Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32 and Bifidobacterium animalis CP-9 Used Individually in Healthy Infants. Nutrients 2023; 15:3426. [PMID: 37571365 PMCID: PMC10421338 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are considered safe and beneficial to human health. However, the safety of Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32 and Bifidobacterium animalis CP-9 in infants has not been confirmed. This study was to assess the safety of long-term oral administration of L. salivarius AP-32 and B. animalis CP-9 in healthy infants compared with placebo. A three-arm, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in healthy, full-term infants. Eighty-eight infants between 7 days and 2 months (60 ± 7 days) of age were selected and randomized to treatment with L. salivarius AP-32, B. animalis CP-9 or placebo for 4 months. The unblinding indicated subjects were randomized to receive B. animalis CP-9 (N = 28), L. salivarius AP-32 (N = 29), or placebo (N = 31). A total of 76 infants completed the 4-month treatment with fully compliance. The primary outcome was weight gain, with no significant difference in infant weight at 4 months when comparing AP-32 or CP-9 group with the placebo group, either. The head circumference and recumbent length of the CP-9 group were not significantly different from those of the placebo group. The recumbent length of the AP-32 group was slightly lower than that in the placebo group at month 4, but there was no difference between the two groups in head circumference. Overall, the growth trend of all treatments was similar without significant difference. Furthermore, there were no apparent differences between each group in digestive tolerance, the occurrence of adverse events, crying/fussing time and episodes, alpha diversity, and beta diversity. The CP-9 group showed a significant increase in the abundance of the Bacteroides genus, while the AP-32 group demonstrated a significant increase in the abundance of the Lactobacillus genus when comparing the two probiotic groups. Our study findings indicate that the oral administration of both AP-32 and CP-9 strains has a positive impact on the maintenance of a healthy gut flora in infants. Long-term use of L. salivarius AP-32 or B. animalis CP-9 is safe for infants from 7 days to 6 months of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Fen Chen
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan 744, Taiwan; (J.-F.C.); (K.-C.H.); (C.-M.L.)
| | - Mei-Chen Ou-Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - Ko-Chiang Hsia
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan 744, Taiwan; (J.-F.C.); (K.-C.H.); (C.-M.L.)
| | | | - Ching-Min Li
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan 744, Taiwan; (J.-F.C.); (K.-C.H.); (C.-M.L.)
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Hsun Ho
- Department of Research and Design, Glac Biotech Co., Ltd., Tainan 744, Taiwan; (J.-F.C.); (K.-C.H.); (C.-M.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Davey LE, Malkus PN, Villa M, Dolat L, Holmes ZC, Letourneau J, Ansaldo E, David LA, Barton GM, Valdivia RH. A genetic system for Akkermansia muciniphila reveals a role for mucin foraging in gut colonization and host sterol biosynthesis gene expression. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:1450-1467. [PMID: 37337046 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucophilic member of the gut microbiota, protects its host against metabolic disorders. Because it is genetically intractable, the mechanisms underlying mucin metabolism, gut colonization and its impact on host physiology are not well understood. Here we developed and applied transposon mutagenesis to identify genes important for intestinal colonization and for the use of mucin. An analysis of transposon mutants indicated that de novo biosynthesis of amino acids was required for A. muciniphila growth on mucin medium and that many glycoside hydrolases are redundant. We observed that mucin degradation products accumulate in internal compartments within bacteria in a process that requires genes encoding pili and a periplasmic protein complex, which we term mucin utilization locus (MUL) genes. We determined that MUL genes were required for intestinal colonization in mice but only when competing with other microbes. In germ-free mice, MUL genes were required for A. muciniphila to repress genes important for cholesterol biosynthesis in the colon. Our genetic system for A. muciniphila provides an important tool with which to uncover molecular links between the metabolism of mucins, regulation of lipid homeostasis and potential probiotic activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Davey
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Per N Malkus
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Max Villa
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lee Dolat
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zachary C Holmes
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeff Letourneau
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eduard Ansaldo
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence A David
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gregory M Barton
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Raphael H Valdivia
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cheong KL, Chen S, Teng B, Veeraperumal S, Zhong S, Tan K. Oligosaccharides as Potential Regulators of Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Health in Post-COVID-19 Management. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:860. [PMID: 37375807 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact worldwide, resulting in long-term health effects for many individuals. Recently, as more and more people recover from COVID-19, there is an increasing need to identify effective management strategies for post-COVID-19 syndrome, which may include diarrhea, fatigue, and chronic inflammation. Oligosaccharides derived from natural resources have been shown to have prebiotic effects, and emerging evidence suggests that they may also have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, which could be particularly relevant in mitigating the long-term effects of COVID-19. In this review, we explore the potential of oligosaccharides as regulators of gut microbiota and intestinal health in post-COVID-19 management. We discuss the complex interactions between the gut microbiota, their functional metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, and the immune system, highlighting the potential of oligosaccharides to improve gut health and manage post-COVID-19 syndrome. Furthermore, we review evidence of gut microbiota with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression for alleviating post-COVID-19 syndrome. Therefore, oligosaccharides offer a safe, natural, and effective approach to potentially improving gut microbiota, intestinal health, and overall health outcomes in post-COVID-19 management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shutong Chen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Bo Teng
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Suresh Veeraperumal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu T, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Yuan B, Zhao C, Wang M. Integrated microbiota and metabolite profiling analysis of prebiotic characteristics of Phellinus linteus polysaccharide in vitro fermentation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124854. [PMID: 37182617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Phellinus linteus polysaccharide (PLP) had received increasing attention due to its multiple biological activities. Herein, the extraction, characterization and in vitro fermentation of PLP were studied to explore its physiochemical properties and the interaction mechanism between the gut microbiota and PLP. The results obtained demonstrated that PLP was mainly composed of 9 monosaccharides, with three gel chromatographic peaks and molecular weights (Mw) of 308.45 kDa, 13.58 kD and 3.33 kDa, respectively. After 48 h fermentation, the Mw, total sugar, reducing sugar, pH and monosaccharides composition were decreased. Furthermore, PLP regulated the composition of gut microbiota, such as promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides, Prevotella and Butyricimonas, while preventing the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella, Morganella and Intestinimonas. Gut microbiota metabolites regulated by PLP such as short-chain fatty acids were the main regulators that impact the host health. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that butyrate, bile acid and purine metabolism were the main metabolic pathways of PLP regulating host health, and the Bacteroides was the key genus to regulate these metabolic pathways. In conclusion, our finding suggested that PLP may be used as a prebiotic agent for human health because of its ability to regulate gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zheyong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yin H, Chai R, Qiu H, Tao C, Huang L, Wang H, Wang P. Effects of Isaria cicadae on growth, gut microbiota, and metabolome of Larimichthys crocea. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108719. [PMID: 37003497 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is the most productive mariculture fish in China, and its aquaculture scale is expanding along the southeastern coast of China, but that development is causing environmental damage by increasing the use of antibiotics and other chemicals. How to improve fish immunity through non-antibiotic substances is still a problem facing aquaculture industry. At present, the experiments have shown that Isaria cicadae spent substrate (IC) can improve the growth performance and immunity of Oreochromis niloticus. Therefore, I. cicadae may be a natural alternative to antibiotic for aquaculture. In order to study the effects of IC on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal metabolism of large yellow croakers, the fish were divided into three groups with three replicates in each group. Basal diet, basal diet with 2% and 6% IC supplementation (IC2 and IC6 groups), respectively. The results showed that weight gain rate (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of large yellow croaker significantly increased (P < 0.05) in IC6 group. The content of triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) increased significantly (P < 0.05), and total cholesterol (T-CHO) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in IC2 group. Compared to IC0 group, the activity of malondialdehyde (MDA) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) increased significantly (P < 0.05) in IC2 group, the activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and GSH-Px increased significantly (P < 0.05) in IC6 group, and the activity of lysozyme (LZM) increased significantly in IC2 and IC6 groups. The addition of IC in the diets significantly increased the diversity of the microbial community in the intestine of large yellow croaker (P < 0.05), significantly improved the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota (P < 0.05) at the phylum level, and reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Desulfobacterota, and Synergistota (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Cetobacterium and Mycoplasma, which are dominant bacteria in fish gut, significantly increased (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Ruminofilibacter, Desulfomicrobium, DMER64, Syntrophomonas, Hydrogenophaga, and Aminobacterium reduced significantly (P < 0.05). Among them, Ruminofilibacter, DMER64, Syntrophomonas and Hydrogenophaga are bacteria that can participate in the hydrolysis and acidification of organic matter, while DMER64 is the hydrogen carrier. The intestinal metabolome analysis showed that IC could improve metabolic composition and function, which was related to host immunity and metabolism. In conclusion, I. cicadae can improve the growth performance, regulate the lipid metabolism and immune and antioxidant capacity of large yellow croakers by regulating intestinal microbiota and intestinal metabolism. This study provides a reference for the application of IC in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yin
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China
| | - Ruoyu Chai
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Equipment and Engineering Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Haoyu Qiu
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China
| | - Chenzhi Tao
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China
| | - Hanying Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Equipment and Engineering Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316000, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 31600, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Panwar D, Shubhashini A, Kapoor M. Complex alpha and beta mannan foraging by the human gut bacteria. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108166. [PMID: 37121556 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota (HGM), a community of trillions of microbes, underscores its contribution by impacting many facets of host health and disease. In the HGM, Bacteroidota and Bacillota represent dominant bacterial phyla, which mainly rely on the glycans recalcitrant to host digestion to meet their energy requirements. Accordingly, the impact of dietary and host-derived glycans in the assembly and operation of these dominant microbial communities continues to be an area of active research. Among various glycans, mannans represent an integral component of the human diet. Apart from their health effects, the diverse and complex mannan structures bears molecular signatures that alter the expression of specific gene clusters in selected Bacteroidota and Bacillota species. Both the phyla possess variable and sophisticated loci of mannan recognition proteins, hydrolytic enzymes, transporters, and other metabolic proteins to sense, capture and utilize mannans as an energy source. The current review summarizes mannan structural diversity, and strategies adopted by select species of the HGM bacteria to forage mannans by focusing primarily on glycoside hydrolases and their effects on host health and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepesh Panwar
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - A Shubhashini
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India
| | - Mukesh Kapoor
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li S, Li T, Wang B, Wen C, Li M, Ding K. A structure defined pectin SA02B from Semiaquilegia adoxoides is metabolized by human gut microbes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123673. [PMID: 36801222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide is one of the major factors for shaping the gut microbiota. However, bioactivity of polysaccharide isolated from Semiaquilegia adoxoides on human gut microbiota remains unclear. Thus, we hypothesize gut microbes may act on it. Herein, pectin SA02B from the roots of Semiaquilegia adoxoides with molecular weight 69.26 kDa was elucidated. The backbone of SA02B was composed of alternate 1, 2-linked α-Rhap and 1, 4-linked α-GalpA, with branches of terminal (T) -, 1, 4-, 1, 3- and 1, 3, 6-linked β-Galp, T-, 1, 5- and 1, 3, 5-linked α-Araf and T-, 1, 4-linked-β-Xylp substituted at C-4 of 1, 2, 4-linked α-Rhap. Bioactivity screening showed SA02B promoted the growth of Bacteroides spp. which deconstructed it into monosaccharide. Simultaneously, we observed competition might exist between Bacteroides spp. and probiotics. Besides, we found that both Bacteroides spp. and probiotics could generate SCFAs grown on SA02B. Our findings highlight SA02B may deserve as a prebiotic to be explored to benefit the health gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saijuan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Kweichow Maotai Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zhongshu Central Street, Renhuai 564500, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Binqiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chang Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meixia Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Kan Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nishiyama K, Yong CC, Moritoki N, Kitazawa H, Odamaki T, Xiao JZ, Mukai T. Sharing of Moonlighting Proteins Mediates the Symbiotic Relationship among Intestinal Commensals. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0219022. [PMID: 36847513 PMCID: PMC10053696 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02190-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by trillions of symbiotic bacteria that form a complex ecological community and influence human physiology. Symbiotic nutrient sharing and nutrient competition are the most studied relationships in gut commensals, whereas the interactions underlying homeostasis and community maintenance are not fully understood. Here, we provide insights into a new symbiotic relationship wherein the sharing of secreted cytoplasmic proteins, called "moonlighting proteins," between two heterologous bacterial strains (Bifidobacterium longum and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron) was observed to affect the adhesion of bacteria to mucins. B. longum and B. thetaiotaomicron were cocultured using a membrane-filter system, and in this system the cocultured B. thetaiotaomicron cells showed greater adhesion to mucins compared to that shown by monoculture cells. Proteomic analysis showed the presence of 13 B. longum-derived cytoplasmic proteins on the surface of B. thetaiotaomicron. Moreover, incubation of B. thetaiotaomicron with the recombinant proteins GroEL and elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu)-two well-known mucin-adhesive moonlighting proteins of B. longum-led to an increase in the adhesion of B. thetaiotaomicron to mucins, a result attributed to the localization of these proteins on the B. thetaiotaomicron cell surface. Furthermore, the recombinant EF-Tu and GroEL proteins were observed to bind to the cell surface of several other bacterial species; however, the binding was species dependent. The present findings indicate a symbiotic relationship mediated by the sharing of moonlighting proteins among specific strains of B. longum and B. thetaiotaomicron. IMPORTANCE The adhesion of intestinal bacteria to the mucus layer is an important colonization strategy in the gut environment. Generally, the bacterial adhesion process is a characteristic feature of the individual cell surface-associated adhesion factors secreted by a particular bacterium. In this study, coculture experiments between Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides show that the secreted moonlighting proteins adhere to the cell surface of coexisting bacteria and alter the adhesiveness of the bacteria to mucins. This finding indicates that the moonlighting proteins act as adhesion factors for not only homologous strains but also for coexisting heterologous strains. The presence of a coexisting bacterium in the environment can significantly alter the mucin-adhesive properties of another bacterium. The findings from this study contribute to a better understanding of the colonization properties of gut bacteria through the discovery of a new symbiotic relationship between them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Nishiyama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Cheng-Chung Yong
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuko Moritoki
- Electron Microscope Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Odamaki
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jin-Zhong Xiao
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takao Mukai
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Teng S, Zhang Y, Jin X, Zhu Y, Li L, Huang X, Wang D, Lin Z. Structure and hepatoprotective activity of Usp10/NF-κB/Nrf2 pathway-related Morchella esculenta polysaccharide. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 303:120453. [PMID: 36657860 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The water-soluble Morchella esculenta polysaccharide 2 (MEP2) was purified and isolated from an aqueous extract of the Morchella esculenta fruiting bodies. MEP2, having a molecular weight of 959 kDa, has a →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ glucan backbone, and this branch was substituted at the H-6 position by an α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ residue and an α-D-Glcp-(1→ residue. The hepatoprotective activity and potential mechanism of action of MEP2 were also investigated. MEP2 ameliorated severe liver damage and regulated the liver function indicators and the alcohol-related enzyme levels in chronic alcohol-induced mice. Combined with biochemical detection, the gut microbiota, metabolites, and proteomics results revealed that MEP2 regulates the levels of hepatic cytokines related to inflammatory response and oxidative stress, as well as those of intestinal Bacteroides, Oscillospira, Parabacteroides, Alistipes, and Prevotella, through the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (Usp10)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in the liver of mice induced by long-term alcohol intake. These data provide experimental evidence for the application of MEP2 in chronic alcohol-induced liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Teng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xinghui Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yanfeng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Lanzhou Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Zhe Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu Z, Hu Y, Tao X, Li J, Guo X, Liu G, Song S, Zhu B. Metabolites of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharides fermented by Parabacteroides distasonis and their effects on cross-feeding. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112633. [PMID: 37087229 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide (SCSPsj) is one of the dietary components which effectively modulates gut microbiota; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, the interaction between SCSPsj and its utilizer (Parabacteroides distasonis) was investigated. Further study was carried out to explore the cross-feeding between intestinal Bacteroidales mediated by SCSPsj. The results revealed that SCSPsj can be fermented by P. distasonis to produce various microbial metabolites, including organic acids and derivatives, lipids and lipid-like molecules, organoheterocyclic compounds. SCSPsj can regulate the succinate pathway and acetyl-CoA pathway to influence the production of propanoic acid and acetic acid, respectively. Moreover, the SCSPsj-fermented supernatants of P. distasonis can only promote the growth of B. stercoris, B. vulgatus and P. johnsonii among 8 intestinal Bacteroidales strains through cross-feeding. The effect of cross-feeding was related to spatial distances and bacterial species. Moreover, the cross-feeding was correlated with compounds belonging to organic acids and derivatives, lipids and lipid-like molecules. These findings could provide new insights into the interaction between SCSPsj and gut microbiota.
Collapse
|
41
|
Detailed analysis of metabolism reveals growth-rate-promoting interactions between Anaerostipes caccae and Bacteroides spp. Anaerobe 2023; 79:102680. [PMID: 36473601 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human gut microbiota species which are next-generation probiotics (NGPs) candidates are of high interest as they have shown the potential to treat intestinal inflammation and other diseases. Unfortunately, these species are often not robust enough for large-scale cultivation, especially in maintaining diversity in co-culture production. OBJECTIVES In this study, we describe interactions between human gut microbiota species in the cultivation process with unique substrates. We also demonstrated that it is possible to change the species ratio in co-culture by changing the ratio of carbon sources. METHODS We screened 25 different bacterial species based on their metabolic capabilities. After evaluating unique substrate possibilities, we chose Anaerostipes caccae (A. caccae), Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (B. thetaiotaomicron), and Bacteroides vulgatus (B. vulgatus) as subjects for further study. D-sorbitol, D-xylose, and D-galacturonic acid were selected as substrates for A. caccae, B. thetaiotaomicron, and B. vulgatus respectively. All three species were cultivated as both monocultures and in co-cultures in serial batch fermentations in an isothermal microcalorimeter. RESULTS Positive interactions were detected between the species in both co-cultures (A. caccae + B. thetaiotaomicron; A. caccae + B. vulgatus) resulting in higher heat production compared to the sum of the monocultures. The same positive cross-feeding interactions took place in larger-scale cultivation experiments. We confirmed acetate and lactate cross-feeding between A. caccae and B. thetaiotaomicron with flux balance analysis (FBA). CONCLUSION Changing the ratio of the selected carbon sources in the medium changed the species ratio accordingly. Such robustness is the basis for developing more efficient industrial co-culture processes including the production of NGPs.
Collapse
|
42
|
Han W, Peng B, Wang C, Townsend GE, Barry NA, Peske F, Goodman AL, Liu J, Rodnina MV, Groisman EA. Gut colonization by Bacteroides requires translation by an EF-G paralog lacking GTPase activity. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112372. [PMID: 36472247 PMCID: PMC9841332 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis is crucial for cell growth and survival yet one of the most energy-consuming cellular processes. How, then, do cells sustain protein synthesis under starvation conditions when energy is limited? To accelerate the translocation of mRNA-tRNAs through the ribosome, bacterial elongation factor G (EF-G) hydrolyzes energy-rich guanosine triphosphate (GTP) for every amino acid incorporated into a protein. Here, we identify an EF-G paralog-EF-G2-that supports translocation without hydrolyzing GTP in the gut commensal bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. EF-G2's singular ability to sustain protein synthesis, albeit at slow rates, is crucial for bacterial gut colonization. EF-G2 is ~10-fold more abundant than canonical EF-G1 in bacteria harvested from murine ceca and, unlike EF-G1, specifically accumulates during carbon starvation. Moreover, we uncover a 26-residue region unique to EF-G2 that is essential for protein synthesis, EF-G2 dissociation from the ribosome, and responsible for the absence of GTPase activity. Our findings reveal how cells curb energy consumption while maintaining protein synthesis to advance fitness in nutrient-fluctuating environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Han
- Department of Microbial PathogenesisYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Yale Microbial Sciences InstituteWest HavenCTUSA
| | - Bee‐Zen Peng
- Department of Physical BiochemistryMax Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesGöttingenGermany
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Microbial PathogenesisYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Yale Microbial Sciences InstituteWest HavenCTUSA
| | - Guy E Townsend
- Department of Microbial PathogenesisYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Yale Microbial Sciences InstituteWest HavenCTUSA
- Present address:
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPenn State College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA
| | - Natasha A Barry
- Department of Microbial PathogenesisYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Yale Microbial Sciences InstituteWest HavenCTUSA
| | - Frank Peske
- Department of Physical BiochemistryMax Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesGöttingenGermany
| | - Andrew L Goodman
- Department of Microbial PathogenesisYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Yale Microbial Sciences InstituteWest HavenCTUSA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Microbial PathogenesisYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Yale Microbial Sciences InstituteWest HavenCTUSA
| | - Marina V Rodnina
- Department of Physical BiochemistryMax Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesGöttingenGermany
| | - Eduardo A Groisman
- Department of Microbial PathogenesisYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Yale Microbial Sciences InstituteWest HavenCTUSA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mu J, Guo Z, Wang X, Wang X, Fu Y, Li X, Zhu F, Hu G, Ma X. Seaweed polysaccharide relieves hexavalent chromium-induced gut microbial homeostasis. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1100988. [PMID: 36726569 PMCID: PMC9884827 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals released in the environment pose a huge threat to soil and water quality, food safety and public health. Additionally, humans and other mammals may also be directly exposed to heavy metals or exposed to heavy metals through the food chain, which seriously threatens the health of animals and humans. Chromium, especially hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)], as a common heavy metal, has been shown to cause serious environmental pollution as well as intestinal damage. Thus, increasing research is devoted to finding drugs to mitigate the negative health effects of hexavalent chromium exposure. Seaweed polysaccharides have been demonstrated to have many pharmacological effects, but whether it can alleviate gut microbial dysbiosis caused by hexavalent chromium exposure has not been well characterized. Here, we hypothesized that seaweed polysaccharides could alleviate hexavalent chromium exposure-induced poor health in mice. Mice in Cr and seaweed polysaccharide treatment group was compulsively receive K2Cr2O7. At the end of the experiment, all mice were euthanized, and colon contents were collected for DNA sequencing analysis. Results showed that seaweed polysaccharide administration can restore the gut microbial dysbiosis and the reduction of gut microbial diversity caused by hexavalent chromium exposure in mice. Hexavalent chromium exposure also caused significant changes in the gut microbial composition of mice, including an increase in some pathogenic bacteria and a decrease in beneficial bacteria. However, seaweed polysaccharides administration could ameliorate the composition of gut microbiota. In conclusion, this study showed that seaweed polysaccharides can restore the negative effects of hexavalent chromium exposure in mice, including gut microbial dysbiosis. Meanwhile, this research also lays the foundation for the application of seaweed polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Mu
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Department of Urology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhuan Guo
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Zhenhuan Guo, ✉
| | - Xiujun Wang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yunxing Fu
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianghui Li
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fuli Zhu
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guangyuan Hu
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xia Ma
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Immunopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicines, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,Xia Ma, ✉
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhao J, Hu Y, Qian C, Hussain M, Liu S, Zhang A, He R, Sun P. The Interaction between Mushroom Polysaccharides and Gut Microbiota and Their Effect on Human Health: A Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010122. [PMID: 36671814 PMCID: PMC9856211 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mushroom polysaccharides are a kind of biological macromolecule extracted from the fruiting body, mycelium or fermentation liquid of edible fungi. In recent years, the research on mushroom polysaccharides for alleviating metabolic diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, cancers and other symptoms by changing the intestinal microenvironment has been increasing. Mushroom polysaccharides could promote human health by regulating gut microbiota, increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids, improving intestinal mucosal barrier, regulating lipid metabolism and activating specific signaling pathways. Notably, these biological activities are closely related to the molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and type of the glycosidic bond of mushroom polysaccharide. This review aims to summarize the latest studies: (1) Regulatory effects of mushroom polysaccharides on gut microbiota; (2) The effect of mushroom polysaccharide structure on gut microbiota; (3) Metabolism of mushroom polysaccharides by gut microbiota; and (4) Effects of mushroom polysaccharides on gut microbe-mediated diseases. It provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the mechanism of mushroom polysaccharides for regulating gut microbiota and gives a reference for developing and utilizing mushroom polysaccharides as promising prebiotics in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chao Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Muhammad Hussain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shizhu Liu
- Zhejiang Fangge Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 323800, China
| | - Anqiang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Rongjun He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Fangge Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 323800, China
- Bioactives and Functional Foods Research Center, China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (P.S.)
| | - Peilong Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Fangge Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 323800, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research, China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (P.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu JP, Wang J, Zhou SX, Huang DC, Qi GH, Chen GT. Ginger polysaccharides enhance intestinal immunity by modulating gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1308-1319. [PMID: 36395935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the immunity-enhancing effect of ginger polysaccharides UGP1 and UGP2 on CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice was evaluated. The results showed that ginger polysaccharide could effectively alleviate the symptoms of weight loss and dietary intake reduction induced by CTX, increase fecal water content, reduce fecal pH, and protect immune organs of immunosuppressed mice. In addition, ginger polysaccharides also stimulated the secretion of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, TNF-α and immunoglobulin Ig-G in the serum of mice, increased the expression of Occludin and Claudin-1, and restored the level of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine to improve immune deficiency. Furthermore, ginger polysaccharides significantly reduced the relative abundance ratio of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in mice and increased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. At the family level, ginger polysaccharides increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Muribaculaceae, Bacteroidaceae and Lactobacillaceae, and decreased the relative abundance of harmful bacteria such as Rikenellaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that ginger polysaccharides could enhance intestinal immunity by modulating gut microbiota associated with immune function. These results indicated that ginger polysaccharides have the potential to be a functional food ingredients or a natural medicine for the treatment of intestinal barrier injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ping Liu
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Si-Xuan Zhou
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - De-Chun Huang
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Guo-Hong Qi
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Gui-Tang Chen
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ma DX, Zhou Y, Wu LD, Li ZY, Jiang WJ, Huang SL, Guo XP, Sheng JZ, Wang FS. Enhanced Stability and Function of Probiotic Streptococcus thermophilus with Self-Encapsulation by Increasing the Biosynthesis of Hyaluronan. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42963-42975. [PMID: 36111385 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract limit the potential health benefits of oral probiotics. It is promising that oral bioavailability is improved by strengthening the self-protection of probiotics. Here, we report the encapsulation of a probiotic strain by endogenous production of hyaluronan to enhance the effects of oral administration of the strain. The traditional probiotic Streptococcus thermophilus was engineered to produce hyaluronan shells by using traceless genetic modifications and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference. After oral delivery to mice in the form of fermented milk, hyaluronan-coated S. thermophilus (204.45 mg/L hyaluronan in the milk) exhibited greater survival and longer colonization time in the gut than the wild-type strain. In particular, the engineered probiotic strain could also produce hyaluronan after intestinal colonization. Importantly, S. thermophilus self-encapsulated with hyaluronan increased the number of goblet cells, mucus production, and abundance of the microorganisms related to the biosynthesis of short-chain fatty acids, resulting in the enhancement of the intestinal barrier. The coating formed by endogenous hyaluronan provides an ideal reference for the effective oral administration of probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zu-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Jie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Si-Ling Huang
- Bloomage BioTechnology Corp., Ltd., Jinan 250010, China
| | - Xue-Ping Guo
- Bloomage BioTechnology Corp., Ltd., Jinan 250010, China
| | - Ju-Zheng Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Feng-Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cheng J, Hu J, Geng F, Nie S. Bacteroides utilization for dietary polysaccharides and their beneficial effects on gut health. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
48
|
Han Y, Zhang Y, Ouyang K, Chen L, Zhao M, Wang W. Sulfated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides improve immune function of immunosuppressed mice by modulating intestinal microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:31-42. [PMID: 35597376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to investigate the effect of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides (CPP) and the sulfation derivative (S-CPP) on modulate intestinal mucosal immunity and intestinal microbiota in cyclophosphamide-induced mice. The results showed that CPP and S-CPP effectively alleviated intestinal villi injury, enhanced the contents of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in small intestinal tissue and serum, and upregulated IL-1β at gene levels, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin and Claudin-1 at gene and protein levels, thereby promoting the repair of intestinal mechanical barrier and enhancing intestinal mucosal immunity. Moreover, the beneficial modulation of CPP and S-CPP on the overall structure of intestinal microbiota was revealed by performing 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing. Sulfated modification could improve the protection of CPP on the intestinal barrier and the regulation of systemic immunity. S-CPP had a stronger potential to reduce the damage of cyclophosphamide (Cy) on immunity and intestinal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Kehui Ouyang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Prebiotics and the Human Gut Microbiota: From Breakdown Mechanisms to the Impact on Metabolic Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102096. [PMID: 35631237 PMCID: PMC9147914 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The colon harbours a dynamic and complex community of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota, which constitutes the densest microbial ecosystem in the human body. These commensal gut microbes play a key role in human health and diseases, revealing the strong potential of fine-tuning the gut microbiota to confer health benefits. In this context, dietary strategies targeting gut microbes to modulate the composition and metabolic function of microbial communities are of increasing interest. One such dietary strategy is the use of prebiotics, which are defined as substrates that are selectively utilised by host microorganisms to confer a health benefit. A better understanding of the metabolic pathways involved in the breakdown of prebiotics is essential to improve these nutritional strategies. In this review, we will present the concept of prebiotics, and focus on the main sources and nature of these components, which are mainly non-digestible polysaccharides. We will review the breakdown mechanisms of complex carbohydrates by the intestinal microbiota and present short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as key molecules mediating the dialogue between the intestinal microbiota and the host. Finally, we will review human studies exploring the potential of prebiotics in metabolic diseases, revealing the personalised responses to prebiotic ingestion. In conclusion, we hope that this review will be of interest to identify mechanistic factors for the optimization of prebiotic-based strategies.
Collapse
|
50
|
Identification of a protective Bacteroides strain of alcoholic liver disease and its synergistic effect with pectin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3735-3749. [PMID: 35554627 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The depletion of Bacteroides in the gut is closely correlated with the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). This study aimed to identify Bacteroides strains with protective effects against ALD and evaluate the synergistic effects of Bacteroides and pectin in this disease. Mice were fed Lieber-DeCarli alcohol diet to establish an experimental ALD model and pre-treated with 4 Bacteroides strains. The severity of the liver injury, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation was evaluated through histological and biochemical assays. We found that Bacteroides fragilis ATCC25285 had the best protective effects against ALD strains by alleviating both ethanol-induced liver injury and steatosis. B. fragilis ATCC25285 could counteract inflammatory reactions in ALD by producing short-chain fat acids (SCFAs) and enhancing the intestinal barrier. In the subsequent experiment, the synbiotic combination of B. fragilis ATCC25285 and pectin was evaluated and the underlying mechanisms were investigated by metabolomic and microbiome analyses. The combination elicited superior anti-ALD effects than the individual agents used alone. The synergistic effects of B. fragilis ATCC25285 and pectin were driven by modulating gut microbiota, improving tryptophan metabolism, and regulating intestinal immune function. Based on our findings, the combination of B. fragilis ATCC25285 and pectin can be considered a potential treatment for ALD. KEY POINTS: • B. fragilis ATCC25285 was identified as a protective Bacteroides strain against ALD. • The synbiotic combination of B. fragilis and pectin has better anti-ALD effects. • The synbiotic combination modulates gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.
Collapse
|