|
1
|
Huo A, Wang J, Li Q, Li M, Qi Y, Yin Q, Luo W, Shi J, Cong Q. Molecular mechanisms underlying microglial sensing and phagocytosis in synaptic pruning. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1284-1290. [PMID: 37905877 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Microglia are the main non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system that have important roles in brain development and functional connectivity of neural circuits. In brain physiology, highly dynamic microglial processes are facilitated to sense the surrounding environment and stimuli. Once the brain switches its functional states, microglia are recruited to specific sites to exert their immune functions, including the release of cytokines and phagocytosis of cellular debris. The crosstalk of microglia between neurons, neural stem cells, endothelial cells, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes contributes to their functions in synapse pruning, neurogenesis, vascularization, myelination, and blood-brain barrier permeability. In this review, we highlight the neuron-derived "find-me," "eat-me," and "don't eat-me" molecular signals that drive microglia in response to changes in neuronal activity for synapse refinement during brain development. This review reveals the molecular mechanism of neuron-microglia interaction in synaptic pruning and presents novel ideas for the synaptic pruning of microglia in disease, thereby providing important clues for discovery of target drugs and development of nervous system disease treatment methods targeting synaptic dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anran Huo
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Li
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuwan Qi
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiao Yin
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weifeng Luo
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jijun Shi
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qifei Cong
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|