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Ariafar S, Makhdoomi S, Mohammadi M. Arsenic and Tau Phosphorylation: a Mechanistic Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5708-5720. [PMID: 37211576 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic poisoning can affect the peripheral nervous system and cause peripheral neuropathy. Despite different studies on the mechanism of intoxication, the complete process is not explained yet, which can prevent further intoxication and produce effective treatment. In the following paper, we would like to consider the idea that arsenic might cause some diseases via inflammation induction, and tauopathy in neurons. Tau protein, one of the microtubule-associated proteins expressed in neurons, contributes to neuronal microtubules structure. Arsenic may be involved in cellular cascades involved in modulating tau function or hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, which ultimately leads to nerve destruction. For proof of this assumption, some investigations have been planned to measure the association between arsenic and quantities of phosphorylation of tau protein. Additionally, some researchers have investigated the association between microtubule trafficking in neurons and the levels of tau protein phosphorylation. It should be noticed that changing tau phosphorylation in arsenic toxicity may add a new feature to understanding the mechanism of poisonousness and aid in discovering novel therapeutic candidates such as tau phosphorylation inhibitors for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Ariafar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sajjad Makhdoomi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Balarastaghi S, Rezaee R, Hayes AW, Yarmohammadi F, Karimi G. Mechanisms of Arsenic Exposure-Induced Hypertension and Atherosclerosis: an Updated Overview. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:98-113. [PMID: 35167029 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is an abundant element in the earth's crust. In the environment and within the human body, this toxic element can be found in both organic and inorganic forms. Chronic exposure to arsenic can predispose humans to cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, stroke, atherosclerosis, and blackfoot disease. Oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species is a major player in arsenic-induced toxicity, and it can affect genes expression, inflammatory responses, and/or nitric oxide homeostasis. Exposure to arsenic in drinking water can lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction which is reflected by an imbalance between vascular relaxation and contraction. Arsenic has been shown to inactivate endothelial nitric oxide synthase leading to a reduction of the generation and bioavailability of nitric oxide. Ultimately, these effects increase the risk of vascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. The present article reviews how arsenic exposure contributes to hypertension and atherosclerosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Balarastaghi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Melatonin improves arsenic-induced hypertension through the inactivation of the Sirt1/autophagy pathway in rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113135. [PMID: 35598369 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As), a metalloid chemical element, is classified as heavy metal. Previous studies proposed that As induces vascular toxicity by inducing autophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. It has been shown that melatonin (Mel) can decrease oxidative stress and apoptosis, and modulate autophagy in different pathological situations. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the Mel effect on As-induced vascular toxicity through apoptosis and autophagy regulation. Forty male rats were treated with As (15 mg/kg; oral gavage) and Mel (10 and 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally; i.p.) for 28 days. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) changes, oxidative stress markers, the aorta histopathological injuries, contractile and relaxant responses, the level of apoptosis (Bnip3 and caspase-3) and autophagy (Sirt1, Beclin-1 and LC3 II/I ratio) proteins were determined in rats aorta. The As exposure significantly increased SBP and enhanced MDA level while reduced GSH content. The exposure to As caused substantial histological damage in aorta tissue and changed vasoconstriction and vasorelaxation responses to KCl, PE, and Ach in isolated rat aorta. The levels of HO-1 and Nrf-2, apoptosis markers, Sirt1, and autophagy proteins also enhanced in As group. Interestingly, Mel could reduce changes in oxidative stress, blood pressure, apoptosis, and autophagy induced by As. On the other hand, Mel led to more increased the levels of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins compared with the As group. In conclusion, our findings showed that Mel could have a protective effect against As-induced vascular toxicity by inhibiting apoptosis and the Sirt1/autophagy pathway.
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Abstract
Exposure to arsenic in contaminated drinking water is a worldwide public health problem that affects more than 200 million people. Protein quality control constitutes an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for promoting proper folding of proteins, refolding of misfolded proteins, and removal of aggregated proteins, thereby maintaining homeostasis of the proteome (i.e., proteostasis). Accumulating lines of evidence from epidemiological and laboratory studies revealed that chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic species can elicit proteinopathies that contribute to neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and type II diabetes. Here, we review the effects of arsenic exposure on perturbing various elements of the proteostasis network, including mitochondrial homeostasis, molecular chaperones, inflammatory response, ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, as well as asymmetric segregation and axonal transport of misfolded proteins. We also discuss arsenic-induced disruptions of post-translational modifications of proteins, for example, ubiquitination, and their implications in proteostasis. Together, studies in the past few decades support that disruption of protein quality control may constitute an important mechanism underlying the arsenic-induced toxicity.
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Li XL, Zhan RQ, Zheng W, Jiang H, Zhang DF, Shen XL. Positive association between soil arsenic concentration and mortality from alzheimer's disease in mainland China. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 59:126452. [PMID: 31962196 PMCID: PMC7350902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study was designed to investigate the relationship between the soil arsenic (As) concentration and the mortality from Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mainland China. STUDY DESIGN Ecological study. METHODS Twenty-two provinces and 3 municipal districts in mainland China were included in this study. The As concentrations in soil in 1990 was obtained from the China State Environmental Protection Bureau; the data on annual mortality of AD from 1991 to 2000 were obtained from the National Death Cause Surveillance Database of China. Using these data, we calculated the spearman correlation coefficient between soil As concentration and AD mortality, and the relative risk (RR) between soil As levels and AD mortality by quartile-dividing study groups. RESULTS The spearman correlation coefficient between As concentration and AD mortality was 0.552 (p = 0.004), 0.616 (p = 0.001) and 0.622 (p = 0.001) in the A soil As (eluvial horizon), the C soil As (parent material horizon), and the Total soil As (A soil As + C soil As), respectively. When the A soil As concentration was over 9.05 mg/kg, 10.40 mg/kg and 13.10 mg/kg, the relative risk was 0.835 (95 % CI: 0.832, 0.838), 1.969 (95 %CI: 1.955, 1.982), and 2.939 (95 % CI: 2.920, 2.958), respectively; when the C soil As reached 9.45 mg/kg, 11.10 mg/kg and 13.55 mg/kg, the relative risk was 4.349 (95 % CI: 4.303, 4.396), 6.108 (95 % CI: 6.044, 6.172), and 9.125 (95 %CI: 9.033, 9.219), respectively. No correlation was found between lead, cadmium, and mercury concentration in the soil and AD mortality. CONCLUSION There was an apparent soil As concentration dependent increase in AD mortality. Results of this study may provide evidence for a possible causal linkage between arsenic exposure and the death risk from AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Run-Qing Zhan
- Qingdao University Affiliated Hiser Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Li Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Amuno S, Rudko DA, Gallino D, Tuznik M, Shekh K, Kodzhahinchev V, Niyogi S, Chakravarty MM, Devenyi GA. Altered neurotransmission and neuroimaging biomarkers of chronic arsenic poisoning in wild muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) breeding near the City of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories (Canada). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:135556. [PMID: 31780150 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic poisoning has been shown to be a risk factor for the development of intellectual disability. Numerous human and animal studies have also confirmed that low-level arsenic exposure has deleterious effects on neurotransmission and brain structures which have been further linked to neurobehavioral disorders. The aim of this present work was to comparatively assess structural brain volume changes and alteration of two (2) neurotransmitters, specifically dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) in the brains of wild muskrats and squirrels breeding in arsenic endemic areas, near the vicinity of the abandoned Giant mine site in Yellowknife and in reference locations between 52 and 105 km from the city of Yellowknife. The levels of DA and 5-HT were measured in the brain tissues, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used to attempt brain volume measurements. The results revealed that the concentrations of DA and 5-HT were slightly increased in the brains of squirrels from the arsenic endemic areas compared to the reference site. Further, DA and 5-HT were slightly reduced in the brains of muskrats from the arsenic endemic areas compared to the reference location. In general, no statistically significant neurotransmission changes and differences were observed in the brain tissues of muskrats and squirrels from both arsenic endemic areas and non-endemic sites. Although MRI results showed that the brain volumes of squirrels and muskrats were not statistically different between sites after multiple comparison correction; it was noted that core brain regions were substantially affected in muskrats, in particular the hippocampal memory circuit, striatum and thalamus. Squirrel brains showed more extensive neuroanatomical changes, likely due to their relatively smaller body mass, with extensive shrinkage of the core brain structures, and the cortex, even after accounting for differences in overall brain size. The results of this present study constitute the first observation of neuroanatomical changes in wild small mammal species breeding in arsenic endemic areas of Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amuno
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
| | - D A Rudko
- Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - D Gallino
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - M Tuznik
- Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - K Shekh
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - V Kodzhahinchev
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - S Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - M M Chakravarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - G A Devenyi
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Srivastava P, Dhuriya YK, Gupta R, Shukla RK, Yadav RS, Dwivedi HN, Pant AB, Khanna VK. Protective Effect of Curcumin by Modulating BDNF/DARPP32/CREB in Arsenic-Induced Alterations in Dopaminergic Signaling in Rat Corpus Striatum. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 55:445-461. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kim JH, Kang JC. The immune responses and expression of metallothionein (MT) gene and heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) in juvenile rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, exposed to waterborne arsenic (As 3+). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 47:136-141. [PMID: 27689810 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii (mean length 16.4±1.9cm, and mean weight 71.6±6.4g) were exposed for 20days with the different levels of waterborne arsenic concentration (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400μg/L). The plasma cortisol of S. schlegelii was significantly increased by the waterborne arsenit exposure. In the immune responses, the immunoglobulin M (Ig M) and lysozyme activity of S. schlegelii were significantly increased by the waterborne arsenic exposure. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of S. schlegelii was inhibited by the waterborne arsenic exposure. The substantial increases in the gene expression such as metallothionein (MT) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) were observed by the waterborne arsenic exposure. The results demonstrated that waterborne arsenic exposure can induce the significant alterations in the immune responses and specific gene expression of S. schlegelii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea.
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Waseem M, Tabassum H, Parvez S. Neuroprotective effects of melatonin as evidenced by abrogation of oxaliplatin induced behavioral alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity in rat brain. Mitochondrion 2016; 30:168-76. [PMID: 27497633 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity is a burdensome consequence of platinum-based chemotherapy that neutralizes the administration of effective dosage and often prompts treatment withdrawal. Oxaliplatin (Oxa), a third-era platinum analogue that is active against both early-organize and progressed colorectal growth, produces critical neurotoxicity. It has been reported that the Melatonin (Mel) is a pineal hormone its metabolites display important antioxidant properties in nervous system. There is dearth of literature involving the role of mitochondria and cytosolic compartments mediated Oxa-induced neurotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms are still debatable. Rats were pre-treated with Mel (10mg/kg b.wt., i.p.) and treated with Oxa (4mg/kg b.wt. i.p.) for 5 consecutive days. For neurobehavioral performances, decreased locomotor activity and muscular strength were observed in rats. Treatment with Mel in Oxa treated rats could protect the Oxa induced alterations in motor activity and muscular strength. For painful neuropathy, thermal hyperalgesia/nociceptive tests were evaluated. In addition, pre-treatment of Mel could block or alter the inactivation of Bcl-2, caspase 3 apoptotic protein and alterations Cytochrome c (Cyt c) release in an Oxa rich environment. Pre-treatment of Mel have shown an alteration in hyperalgesia behaviour in Oxa treated rats. Oxidative stress biomarkers, levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants and mitochondrial complexes were evaluated against neurotoxicity induced by Oxa. Mel pre-treatment replenished the mitochondrial lipid peroxidation levels and protein carbonyl content induced by Oxa. Mel also modulated altered non-enzymatic, enzymatic antioxidants and complex enzymes of mitochondria. Futures studies are also required to identify other molecular markers involved in neurotoxicity induced by Oxa and possible action of Mel in its modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Waseem
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110 062, India
| | - Heena Tabassum
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110 062, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110 062, India.
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Cortical Astrocytes Acutely Exposed to the Monomethylarsonous Acid (MMAIII) Show Increased Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Gene Expression that is Consistent with APP and BACE-1: Over-expression. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2559-2572. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Escudero-Lourdes C. Toxicity mechanisms of arsenic that are shared with neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment: Role of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Neurotoxicology 2016; 53:223-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Noman ASM, Dilruba S, Mohanto NC, Rahman L, Khatun Z, Riad W, Al Mamun A, Alam S, Aktar S, Chowdhury S, Saud ZA, Rahman Z, Hossain K, Haque A. Arsenic-induced Histological Alterations in Various Organs of Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 6. [PMID: 26740907 PMCID: PMC4698904 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7099.1000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of arsenic in mice through groundwater is well documented but little is known about the histological changes of organs by the metalloid. Present study was designed to evaluate arsenic-induced histological alterations in kidney, liver, thoracic artery and brain of mice which are not well documented yet. Swiss albino male mice were divided into 2 groups and treated as follows: Group 1: control, 2: arsenic (sodium arsenite at 10 mg/kg b.w. orally for 8 wks). Group 2 showed marked degenerative changes in kidney, liver, thoracic artery, and brain whereas Group 1 did not reveal any abnormalities on histopathology. We therefore concluded that arsenic induces histological alterations in the tested organs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sayada Dilruba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Nayan Chandra Mohanto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Lutfur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Zohora Khatun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Wahiduzzaman Riad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shahnur Alam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Sharmin Aktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Srikanta Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Zahangir Alam Saud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Zillur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College (CMC), Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Khaled Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Azizul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
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Early life arsenic exposure and brain dopaminergic alterations in rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 38:91-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Chandravanshi LP, Yadav RS, Shukla RK, Singh A, Sultana S, Pant AB, Parmar D, Khanna VK. Reversibility of changes in brain cholinergic receptors and acetylcholinesterase activity in rats following early life arsenic exposure. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 34:60-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajesh S. Yadav
- CSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchPost Box 80, MG MargLucknow226 001India
- Department of Criminology and Forensic ScienceHarisingh Gour UniversitySagar470003India
| | - Rajendra K. Shukla
- CSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchPost Box 80, MG MargLucknow226 001India
| | - Anshuman Singh
- CSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchPost Box 80, MG MargLucknow226 001India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Neurotoxicology LaboratoryDepartment of Medical Elementology and ToxicologyJamia HamdardNew Delhi110 062India
| | - Aditya B. Pant
- CSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchPost Box 80, MG MargLucknow226 001India
| | - Devendra Parmar
- CSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchPost Box 80, MG MargLucknow226 001India
| | - Vinay K. Khanna
- CSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchPost Box 80, MG MargLucknow226 001India
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Edwards M, Johnson L, Mauer C, Barber R, Hall J, O'Bryant S. Regional specific groundwater arsenic levels and neuropsychological functioning: a cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 24:546-557. [PMID: 24506178 PMCID: PMC4125563 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2014.883591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to examine the link between geographic information system (GIS)-estimated regional specific groundwater levels and neuropsychological functioning in a sample of individuals with and without cognitive impairment. METHODS This cross-sectional study design analyzed data from 1390 participants (733 Alzheimer's disease, 127 Mild Cognitive Impairment, and 530 with normal cognition) enrolled in the Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium. GISs analyses were used to estimate regional specific groundwater arsenic concentrations using the Environmental Systems Research Institute and arsenic concentrations from the Texas Water Development Board. RESULTS In the full cohort, regional specific arsenic concentrations were positively associated with language abilities (p = 0.008), but associated with poorer verbal memory, immediate (p = 0.008), and delayed (p < 0.001), as well as poorer visual memory, immediate (p = 0.02), and delayed (p < 0.001). The findings varied by diagnostic category with arsenic being related with cognition most prominently among mild cognitive impairment cases. CONCLUSIONS Overall, estimated regional specific groundwater arsenic levels were negatively associated with neuropsychological performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Edwards
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Leigh Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Department of Institute for Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Cortney Mauer
- Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Robert Barber
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - James Hall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Sid O'Bryant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Department of Institute for Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Microarray-based copy number analysis of neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1)-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors reveals a role for Rho-GTPase pathway genes in NF1 tumorigenesis. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:763-76. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.22044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Yadav RS, Chandravanshi LP, Shukla RK, Sankhwar ML, Ansari RW, Shukla PK, Pant AB, Khanna VK. Neuroprotective efficacy of curcumin in arsenic induced cholinergic dysfunctions in rats. Neurotoxicology 2011; 32:760-8. [PMID: 21839772 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Our recent studies have shown that curcumin protects arsenic induced neurotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress, neurotransmitter levels and dopaminergic system in rats. As chronic exposure to arsenic has been associated with cognitive deficits in humans, the present study has been carried out to implore the neuroprotective potential of curcumin in arsenic induced cholinergic dysfunctions in rats. Rats treated with arsenic (sodium arsenite, 20mg/kg body weight, p.o., 28 days) exhibited a significant decrease in the learning activity, assessed by passive avoidance response associated with decreased binding of (3)H-QNB, known to label muscarinic-cholinergic receptors in hippocampus (54%) and frontal cortex (27%) as compared to controls. Decrease in the activity of acetylcholinesterase in hippocampus (46%) and frontal cortex (33%), staining of Nissl body, immunoreactivity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and expression of ChAT protein in hippocampal region was also observed in arsenic treated rats as compared to controls. Simultaneous treatment with arsenic and curcumin (100mg/kg body weight, p.o., 28 days) increased learning and memory performance associated with increased binding of (3)H-QNB in hippocampus (54%), frontal cortex (25%) and activity of acetylcholinesterase in hippocampus (41%) and frontal cortex (29%) as compared to arsenic treated rats. Increase in the expression of ChAT protein, immunoreactivity of ChAT and staining of Nissl body in hippocampal region was also observed in rats simultaneously treated with arsenic and curcumin as compared to those treated with arsenic alone. The results of the present study suggest that curcumin significantly modulates arsenic induced cholinergic dysfunctions in brain and also exhibits neuroprotective efficacy of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh S Yadav
- CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
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O'Bryant SE, Edwards M, Menon CV, Gong G, Barber R. Long-term low-level arsenic exposure is associated with poorer neuropsychological functioning: a Project FRONTIER study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2011; 8:861-74. [PMID: 21556183 PMCID: PMC3083674 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph8030861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to elements in groundwater (toxic or beneficial) is commonplace yet, outside of lead and mercury, little research has examined the impact of many commonly occurring environmental exposures on mental abilities during the aging process. Inorganic arsenic is a known neurotoxin that has both neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive consequences. The aim of this study was to examine the potential association between current and long-term arsenic exposure and detailed neuropsychological functioning in a sample of rural-dwelling adults and elders. Data were analyzed from 434 participants (133 men and 301 women) of Project FRONTIER, a community-based participatory research study of the epidemiology of health issues of rural-dwelling adults and elders. The results of the study showed that GIS-based groundwater arsenic exposure (current and long-term) was significantly related to poorer scores in language, visuospatial skills, and executive functioning. Additionally, long-term low-level exposure to arsenic was significantly correlated to poorer scores in global cognition, processing speed and immediate memory. The finding of a correlation between arsenic and the domains of executive functioning and memory is of critical importance as these are cognitive domains that reflect the earliest manifestations of Alzheimer's disease. Additional work is warranted given the population health implications associated with long-term low-level arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sid E O'Bryant
- F Marie Hall Institute for Rural and Community Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St, STOP 6323, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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Hirner AV, Rettenmeier AW. Methylated Metal(loid) Species in Humans. ORGANOMETALLICS IN ENVIRONMENT AND TOXICOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849730822-00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
While the metal(loid)s arsenic, bismuth, and selenium (probably also tellurium) have been shown to be enzymatically methylated in the human body, this has not yet been demonstrated for antimony, cadmium, germanium, indium, lead, mercury, thallium, and tin, although the latter elements can be biomethylated in the environment. Methylated metal(loid)s exhibit increased mobility, thus leading to a more efficient metal(loid) transport within the body and, in particular, opening chances for passing membrane barriers (blood-brain barrier, placental barrier). As a consequence human health may be affected. In this review, relevant data from the literature are compiled, and are discussed with respect to the evaluation of assumed and proven health effects caused by alkylated metal(loid) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred V. Hirner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen D-45117 Essen Germany
| | - Albert W. Rettenmeier
- Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen D-45122 Essen Germany
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Tsimberidou AM, Camacho LH, Verstovsek S, Ng C, Hong DS, Uehara CK, Gutierrez C, Daring S, Stevens J, Komarnitsky PB, Schwartz B, Kurzrock R. A phase I clinical trial of darinaparsin in patients with refractory solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:4769-76. [PMID: 19584162 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Darinaparsin, an organic arsenic, targets essential cell survival pathways. We determined the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and maximum tolerated dose of darinaparsin in patients with advanced cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with solid malignancies refractory to conventional therapies were treated with i.v. darinaparsin daily for 5 days every 4 weeks. The starting dose (78 mg/m(2)) escalated to 109, 153, 214, 300, 420, and 588 mg/m(2). A conventional "3 + 3" design was used. RESULTS Forty patients (median age, 61.5 years; median number of prior therapies, 5) received therapy; 106 cycles were given (median, 2; range, 1-12). Twenty patients reported no drug-related toxicities. No DLTs were reported at a dose of <420 mg/m(2). At 588 mg/m(2), two of four patients developed DLTs, including grade 3 altered mental status and ataxia. Of four patients treated at the de-escalated dose of 500 mg/m(2), one developed similar toxicities. De-escalating the dose to 420 mg/m(2) (n = 8) resulted in two neurologic DLTs. Further de-escalation to 300 mg/m(2) (n = 3) resulted in no drug-related toxicities. Arsenic plasma levels peaked on treatment day 3, plateaued on day 5, and returned to baseline on day 7. Plasma levels varied within cohorts but increased with increasing doses. The median plasma arsenic half-life was 16.2 hours. Seven (17.5%) patients had stable disease for > or =4 months (median, 6; range, 4-11), including 4 of 17 with colorectal and 2 of 3 with renal cancer. CONCLUSIONS The recommended dose for phase II trials is 300 mg/m(2) i.v. given daily for 5 days every 4 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolia Maria Tsimberidou
- Phase I Program, Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Arsenic-induced neurotoxicity in relation to toxicokinetics: effects on sciatic nerve proteins. Chem Biol Interact 2008; 176:188-95. [PMID: 18674524 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 06/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study in rats acutely exposed to As, we observed an effect of As on neurofilaments in the sciatic nerve. This study deals with the effects of inorganic As in Wistar rats on the cytoskeletal protein composition of the sciatic nerve after subchronic intoxication. Sodium meta-arsenite (NaAsO2) dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was administered daily in doses of 0, 3 and 10 mg/kg body weight/day (n=9 rats/group) by intragastric route for 4, 8 and 12 week periods. Toxicokinetic measurements revealed a saturation of blood As in the 3- and 10-mg/kg dose groups at approximately 14 microg/ml, with an increase in renal clearance of As at increasing doses. After exsanguination, sciatic nerves were excised and the protein composition was analyzed. Analysis of the sciatic nerves showed compositional changes in their proteins. Protein expression of neurofilament Medium (NF-M) and High (NF-H) was unchanged. Neurofilament protein Low (NF-L) expression was reduced, while mu- and m-calpain protein expression was increased, both in a dose/time pattern. Furthermore, NF-H protein was hypophosphorylated, while NF-L and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAP-tau) proteins were (hyper)-phosphorylated. In conclusion, we show that expression of mu- and m-calpain protein is increased by exposure to As, possibly leading to increased NF-L degradation. In addition, hyperphosphorylation of NF-L and MAP-tau by As also contribute to destabilization and disruption of the cytoskeletal framework, which eventually may lead to axonal degeneration.
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Abstract
Arsenic (As) is one of the oldest poisons known to men. Its applications throughout history are wide and varied: murder, make-up, paint and even as a pesticide. Chronic As toxicity is a global environmental health problem, affecting millions of people in the USA and Germany to Bangladesh and Taiwan. Worldwide, As is released into the environment by smelting of various metals, combustion of fossil fuels, as herbicides and fungicides in agricultural products. The drinking water in many countries, which is tapped from natural geological resources, is also contaminated as a result of the high level of As in groundwater. The environmental fate of As is contamination of surface and groundwater with a contaminant level higher than 10 particle per billion (ppb) as set by World Health Organization (WHO). Arsenic exists in both organic and inorganic species and either form can also exist in a trivalent or pentavalent oxidation state. Long-term health effects of exposure to these As metabolites are severe and highly variable: skin and lung cancer, neurological effects, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Neurological effects of As may develop within a few hours after ingestion, but usually are seen in 2-8 weeks after exposure. It is usually a symmetrical sensorimotor neuropathy, often resembling the Guillain-Barré syndrome. The predominant clinical features of neuropathy are paresthesias, numbness and pain, particularly in the soles of the feet. Electrophysiological studies performed on patients with As neuropathy have revealed a reduced nerve conduction velocity, typical of those seen in axonal degeneration. Most of the adverse effects of As, are caused by inactivated enzymes in the cellular energy pathway, whereby As reacts with the thiol groups of proteins and enzymes and inhibits their catalytic activity. Furthermore, As-induced neurotoxicity, like many other neurodegenerative diseases, causes changes in cytoskeletal protein composition and hyperphosphorylation. These changes may lead to disorganization of the cytoskeletal framework, which is a potential mechanism of As-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vahidnia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Vahidnia A, van der Straaten RJHM, Romijn F, van Pelt J, van der Voet GB, de Wolff FA. Mechanism of arsenic-induced neurotoxicity may be explained through cleavage of p35 to p25 by calpain. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 22:682-7. [PMID: 18242949 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent studies we have demonstrated that arsenic (As) metabolites change the composition of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins in vivo and in vitro. To further examine the mechanism of arsenic-induced neurotoxicity with various arsenate metabolites (iAsV, MMAV and DMAV) and arsenite metabolites (iAsIII, MMAIII and DMAIII), we investigated the role of the proteolytic enzyme calpain and its involvement in the cleavage of p35 protein to p25, and also mRNA expression levels of calpain, cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (gsk3ss). A HeLa cell line transfected with a p35 construct (HeLa-p35) was used as a model, since all other proteins such as calpain, CDK5 and GSK3beta are already present in HeLa cells as they are in neuronal cells. HeLa-p35 cells were incubated with various As metabolites and concentrations of 0, 10 and 30 microM for duration of 4 h. Subsequently the cells were either lysed to study their relative quantification levels of these genes or to be examined on their p35-protein expression. P35-RNA expression levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased by arsenite metabolites, while p35 protein was cleaved to p25 (and p10) after incubation with these metabolites. The cleavage of p35 is caused by calcium (Ca2+) induced activation of calpain. Inhibition of calpain activity by calpeptin prevents cleavage of p35 to p25. These results suggest that cleavage of p35 to p25 by calpain, probably As-induced Ca2+-influx, may explain the mechanism by which arsenic induces its neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vahidnia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, L1-p, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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