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Ruiz-Santiago C, Rodríguez-Pinacho CV, Pérez-Sánchez G, Acosta-Cruz E. Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on endocrine system (Review). Biomed Rep 2024; 21:128. [PMID: 39070109 PMCID: PMC11273194 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are typically prescribed for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) due to their high efficacy. These drugs function by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin [also termed 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)], which raises the levels of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft, leading to prolonged activation of postsynaptic 5-HT receptors. Despite the therapeutic benefits of SSRIs, this mechanism of action also disturbs the neuroendocrine response. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity is strongly linked to both MDD and the response to antidepressants, owing to the intricate interplay within the serotonergic system, which regulates feeding, water intake, sexual drive, reproduction and circadian rhythms. The aim of the present review was to provide up-to-date evidence for the proposed effects of SSRIs, such as fluoxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, paroxetine, sertraline and fluvoxamine, on the endocrine system. For this purpose, the literature related to the effects of SSRIs on the endocrine system was searched using the PubMed database. According to the available literature, SSRIs may have an adverse effect on glucose metabolism, sexual function and fertility by dysregulating the function of the HPA axis, pancreas and gonads. Therefore, considering that SSRIs are often prescribed for extended periods, it is crucial to monitor the patient closely with particular attention to the function of the endocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ruiz-Santiago
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo Coahuila 25280, México
| | | | - Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Psychoimmunology, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, México City 14370, México
| | - Erika Acosta-Cruz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo Coahuila 25280, México
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2
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Knigge T. Antidepressants - The new endocrine disruptors? The case of crustaceans. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 583:112155. [PMID: 38185462 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Antidepressants are high-volume pharmaceuticals that accumulate to concentrations in the μg·L-1 range in surface waters. The release of peptide hormones via neurosecretory cells appears as a natural target for antidepressants. Here I review research that suggests that antidepressants indeed disrupt endocrine signalling in crustaceans, by acting on the synthesis and release of neurohormones, such as crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone, moult inhibiting hormone and pigment dispersing hormone in decapods, as well as methyl farnesoate in Daphnids. Hence, antidepressants can affect hormonal regulation of physiological functions: increase in energy metabolism and activity, lowered ecdysteroid levels, potentially disrupting moult and somatic growth, reducing colour change capacity and compromising camouflage, as well as induction of male sex determination. Several studies further suggest effects of antidepressants on crustacean reproduction, but the hormonal regulation of these effects remains elusive. All things considered, a body of evidence strongly suggests that antidepressants are endocrine disrupting compounds in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Knigge
- Normandie Univ, Unilehavre, FR CNRS 3730 Sciences Appliquées à L'Environnement, UMR-I02, Environmental Stress and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Environments, University of Le Havre Normandy, France.
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3
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Božičević L, Vrček V, Peranić N, Kalčec N, Vrček IV. Nanoplastics increase in vitro oestrogenic activity of neurotherapeutic drugs. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2024; 75:68-75. [PMID: 38548383 PMCID: PMC10978159 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution with plastic nanoparticles (PNPs) has rendered hazard assessment of unintentional human exposure to neurotherapeutic drugs through contaminated water and food ever more complicated. Due to their small size, PNPs can easily enter different cell types and cross different biological barriers, while their high surface-to-volume ratio enables higher adsorption of chemicals. This is how PNPs take the role of a Trojan horse as they enhance bioaccumulation of many different pollutants. One of the health concerns related to water pollution with neurotherapeutic drugs is endocrine disruption, already evidenced for the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine (Cbz) and antidepressant fluoxetine (Flx). Our study aimed to evaluate endocrine disrupting effects of Cbz and Flx in mixtures with polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) using the in vitro luciferase assay to measure oestrogen receptor activity in T47D-KBluc cells treated with Cbz-PSNPs or Flx-PSNPs mixtures and compare it with the activities observed in cells treated with individual mixture components (Cbz, Flx, or PSNPs). Dose ranges used in the study were 0.1-10 mg/L, 1-100 µmol/L, and 0.1-10 µmol/L for PSNPs, Cbz, and Flx, respectively. Our findings show that none of the individual components activate oestrogen receptors, while the mixtures induce oestrogen receptor activity starting with 0.1 mg/L for PSNPs, 10 µmol/L for Cbz, and 0.5 µmol/L for Flx. This is the first study to evidence that PSNPs increase oestrogen receptor activity induced by neurotherapeutic drugs at their environmentally relevant concentrations and calls for urgent inclusion of complex mixtures in health hazard assessments to inform regulatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Božičević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valerije Vrček
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Peranić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Kalčec
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Vinković Vrček
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
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4
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Domingues RR, Wiltbank MC, Hernandez LL. The antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac®) modulates estrogen signaling in the uterus and alters estrous cycles in mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 559:111783. [PMID: 36198363 PMCID: PMC10038119 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the most used antidepressants. However, up to 80% of women taking SSRI suffer from sexual dysfunction. We investigated the effects of fluoxetine (Prozac®) (low and high dose, n = 6-7/group) on reproductive function and the regulation of the estrous cycle. All mice treated with high dose of fluoxetine had interruption of estrous cycles within a few days after onset of treatment. When treated for 14 days, mice in the high dose group had fewer CL, often lack of any CL, and antral follicles. Uterine expression of estrogen receptor alpha, G-protein coupled estrogen receptor, and steroidogenesis enzymes were upregulated in the high dose group. Nevertheless, decreased expression of connexin 43 and alkaline phosphatase and increased expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 and monoamine oxidase A are consistent with decreased estrogen signaling and the decreased uterine weight. Taken together, fluoxetine modulates estrogen synthesis/signaling and dysregulates estrous cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R Domingues
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Laura L Hernandez
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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5
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Paroxetine effects in adult male rat colon: Focus on gut steroidogenesis and microbiota. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 143:105828. [PMID: 35700562 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is prescribed to treat psychiatric disorders, although an off-label SSRI use is also for functional gastrointestinal disorders. The mutual correlation between serotonin and peripheral sex steroids has been reported, however little attention to sex steroids synthesized by gut, has been given so far. Indeed, whether SSRIs, may also influence the gut steroid production, immediately after treatment and/or after suspension, is still unclear. The finding that gut possesses steroidogenic capability is of particular relevance, also for the existence of the gut-microbiota-brain axis, where gut microbiota represents a key orchestrator. On this basis, adult male rats were treated daily for two weeks with paroxetine or vehicle and, 24 h after treatment and at 1 month of withdrawal, steroid environment and gut microbiota were evaluated. Results obtained reveal that paroxetine significantly affects steroid levels, only in the colon but not in plasma. In particular, steroid modifications observed immediately after treatment are not overlap with those detected at withdrawal. Additionally, paroxetine treatment and its withdrawal impact gut microbiota populations differently. Altogether, these results suggest a biphasic effect of the drug treatment in the gut both on steroidogenesis and microbiota.
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Kenda M, Zore T, Sollner Dolenc M. Effects of central nervous system drugs on androgen, estrogen α, glucocorticoid, and thyroid receptors. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 363:110030. [PMID: 35760085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Some drugs that act on the central nervous system (CNS) are known to affect the endocrine system, although the mechanisms of endocrine toxicity are not well characterized to date. Such CNS drugs include antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants. In the present study, in-vitro firefly luciferase reporter-gene assays using the AR-EcoScreen assay using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line, hERα-HeLa9903, MDA-kb2, and GH3.TRE-Luc cell lines were used to determine the effects of nine CNS drugs on the androgen receptor, estrogen receptor α, glucocorticoid receptor, and thyroid hormone receptor, respectively. In the AR-EcoScreen assay using CHO cells, anti-androgenic activities were shown for carbamazepine (IC50, 167 μM), clonazepam (IC50, 26.7 μM), eslicarbazepine acetate (IC50, 375 μM), fluoxetine (at 25 μM), lorazepam (IC50, 16.4 μM), and sertraline (IC50, 8.7 μM). In the hERα-HeLa-9903 cells, estrogen receptor α agonistic activities were shown for fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline (at 10 μM and 25 μM), and in the GH3.TRE-Luc cells, the same three CNS drugs showed antithyroid activities (IC50s, 11.6, 11.9, 2.7 μM, respectively). In the hERα-HeLa-9903 cells, estrogen receptor α antagonistic activities were shown for carbamazepine (IC50, 114.3 μM), clonazepam (IC50, 52.9 μM), and eslicarbazepine acetate (IC50, 376.6 μM). When the CNS drugs were tested in the MDA-kb2 cells, none of them showed any activities toward glucocorticoid receptors. Little to no effects were seen toward any of these nuclear receptors for paliperidone and risperidone. The increased signal in the estrogen receptor α agonism assay seen for fluoxetine and paroxetine was confirmed to be mediated through estrogen receptor α. Additionally, we examined the interference of these CNS drugs with the firefly luciferase enzyme. These data elucidate the potential for adverse endocrine effects for some of these CNS drugs, which should therefore contribute to informed choice when prescribing them. However, long-term exposure to therapeutic concentrations of CNS drugs that have activities on the endocrine system should be explored further also in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Kenda
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Taja Zore
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Gallegos E, Ascona M, Monroy J, Castro-Manrreza ME, Aragón-Martínez A, Ayala ME. p-Chloroamphetamine decreases serotonin and induces apoptosis in granulosa cells and follicular atresia in prepubertal female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 110:150-160. [PMID: 35460820 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Amphetamine derivatives negatively impact serotonin (5-HT) production, which triggers apoptosis in different tissues, depending on the receptor they bind. 5-HT in the ovary stimulates estradiol secretion, a survival factor of granulosa cells. The effect of amphetamine derivatives on the serotonergic system of the ovary and follicular development is unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of p-chloroamphetamine (pCA), derived from amphetamines, on estradiol production, follicular development, apoptosis of granulosa cells, and serotonin 5-HT7 receptor (R5-HT7) expression. Female rats (30 days old) were injected with 10mg/kg of pCA intraperitoneally and were euthanized 48 or 120h after treatment. The concentration of 5-HT in the hypothalamus decreased at 48 and 120h after treatment and in the ovary at 120h. The serum concentration of estradiol decreased at all times studied. Follicular atresia, TUNEL-positive (apoptotic) granulosa cells and Bax expression were elevated by pCA, but none of these effects was associated with R5-HT7 expression. These results suggest that pCA induces the dysregulation of the serotonergic system in the hypothalamus and the ovary, negatively impacting estradiol production and follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloir Gallegos
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 9-020, C.P. 15000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marisol Ascona
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 9-020, C.P. 15000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juana Monroy
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 9-020, C.P. 15000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marta Elena Castro-Manrreza
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Células Madre, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 9-020, C.P. 15000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrés Aragón-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Gametos y Desarrollo tecnológico, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, C.P. 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - María Elena Ayala
- Laboratorio de Pubertad, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 9-020, C.P. 15000, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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8
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Domingues RR, Fricke HP, Sheftel CM, Bell AM, Sartori LC, Manuel RSJ, Krajco CJ, Wiltbank MC, Hernandez LL. Effect of Low and High Doses of Two Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors on Pregnancy Outcomes and Neonatal Mortality. TOXICS 2022; 10:11. [PMID: 35051053 PMCID: PMC8780128 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the most common antidepressant used by pregnant women; however, they have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and perinatal morbidity in pregnant women and animal models. We investigated the effects of two SSRI, fluoxetine and sertraline, on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in mice. Wild-type mice were treated daily with low and high doses of fluoxetine (2 and 20 mg/kg) and sertraline (10 and 20 mg/kg) from the day of detection of a vaginal plug until the end of lactation (21 days postpartum). Pregnancy rate was decreased only in the high dose of fluoxetine group. Maternal weight gain was reduced in the groups receiving the high dose of each drug. Number of pups born was decreased in the high dose of fluoxetine and low and high doses of sertraline while the number of pups weaned was decreased in all SSRI-treated groups corresponding to increased neonatal mortality in all SSRI-treated groups. In conclusion, there was a dose-dependent effect of SSRI on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in a non-depressed mouse model. However, the distinct placental transfer of each drug suggests that the effects of SSRI on pup mortality may be mediated by SSRI-induced placental insufficiency rather than a direct toxic effect on neonatal development and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R. Domingues
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hannah P. Fricke
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Celeste M. Sheftel
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Autumn M. Bell
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
| | - Luma C. Sartori
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
| | - Robbie S. J. Manuel
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
| | - Chandler J. Krajco
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
| | - Milo C. Wiltbank
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Laura L. Hernandez
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (R.R.D.); (H.P.F.); (C.M.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.C.S.); (R.S.J.M.); (C.J.K.); (M.C.W.)
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Lawrence RH, Palumbo MC, Freeman SM, Guoynes CD, Bales KL. Developmental Fluoxetine Exposure Alters Behavior and Neuropeptide Receptors in the Prairie Vole. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:584731. [PMID: 33304247 PMCID: PMC7701284 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.584731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) increases the risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), however, the underlying neurobiology of this effect is not fully understood. Here we used the socially monogamous prairie vole as a translational model of developmental SSRI exposure. Paired female prairie voles (n = 20) were treated with 5 mg/kg subcutaneous fluoxetine (FLX) or saline (SAL) daily from birth of the second litter until the day of birth of the 4th litter. This design created three cohorts of FLX exposure: postnatal exposure in litter 2, both prenatal and postnatal exposure in litter 3, and prenatal exposure in litter 4. Post-weaning, subjects underwent behavioral testing to detect changes in sociality, repetitive behavior, pair-bond formation, and anxiety-like behavior. Quantitative receptor autoradiography was performed for oxytocin, vasopressin 1a, and serotonin 1a receptor density in a subset of brains. We observed increased anxiety-like behavior and reduced sociality in developmentally FLX exposed adults. FLX exposure decreased oxytocin receptor binding in the nucleus accumbens core and central amygdala, and vasopressin 1a receptor binding in the medial amygdala. FLX exposure did not affect serotonin 1A receptor binding in any areas examined. Changes to oxytocin and vasopressin receptors may underlie the behavioral changes observed and have translational implications for the mechanism of the increased risk of ASD subsequent to prenatal SSRI exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca H Lawrence
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Michelle C Palumbo
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Sara M Freeman
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Caleigh D Guoynes
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Karen L Bales
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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10
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Hegstad J, Huijgens PT, Houwing DJ, Olivier JDA, Heijkoop R, Snoeren EMS. Female rat sexual behavior is unaffected by perinatal fluoxetine exposure. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 120:104796. [PMID: 32711369 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin plays an important role in adult female sexual behavior, however little is known about the influence of serotonin during early development on sexual functioning in adulthood. During early development, serotonin acts as neurotrophic factor, while it functions as a modulatory neurotransmitter in adulthood. The occurrence of serotonin release, could thus have different effects on behavioral outcomes, depending on the developmental period in which serotonin is released. Because serotonin is involved in the development of the HPG axis which is required for puberty establishment, serotonin could also alter expression patterns of for instance the estrogen receptor ɑ (ERɑ). The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of increased serotonin levels during early development on adult female rat sexual behavior during the full behavioral estrus in a seminatural environment. To do so, rats were perinatally exposed with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine (10 mg/kg FLX) and sexual performance was tested during adulthood. All facets of female sexual behavior between the first and last lordosis (behavioral estrus), and within each copulation bout of the behavioral estrus were analyzed. Besides the length and onset of the behavioral estrus and the sexual behaviors patterns, other social and conflict behavior were also investigated. In addition, we studied the effects of perinatal FLX exposure on ERɑ expression patterns in the medial preoptic nucleus, ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus, medial amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and the dorsal raphé nucleus. The results showed that perinatal fluoxetine exposure has no effect on adult female sexual behavior. The behavioral estrus of FLX-females had the same length and pattern as CTR-females. In addition, FLX- and CTR-females showed the same amount of paracopulatory behavior and lordosis, both during the full behavioral estrus and the "most active bout". Furthermore, no differences were found in the display of social and conflict behaviors, nor in ERɑ expression patterns in the brain. We conclude that increases in serotonin levels during early development do not have long-term consequences for female sexual behavior in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hegstad
- Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Patty T Huijgens
- Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Danielle J Houwing
- Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jocelien D A Olivier
- Department of Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Roy Heijkoop
- Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Eelke M S Snoeren
- Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Regional Health Authority of North Norway, Norway.
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Yan Z, Zhang X, Bao X, Ling X, Yang H, Liu J, Lu G, Ji Y. Influence of dissolved organic matter on the accumulation, metabolite production and multi-biological effects of environmentally relevant fluoxetine in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 226:105581. [PMID: 32717676 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is a widely prescribed antidepressant that has been frequently detected in aquatic environments and is associated with a series of neurological, behavioural and neuroendocrine disruptions in nontarget organisms. However, studies on its effects in fish under realistic environmental conditions are still limited. In this study, we determined the influences of an environmentally relevant concentration of fluoxetine (100 ng/L) on crucian carp (Carassius auratus) in the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Endpoints that were assessed included accumulation of fluoxetine and metabolite formation as well as related biological responses involving neurotransmission and metabolic processes. Fluoxetine was significantly bioconcentrated in the fish brain and liver and largely transformed to the active metabolite norfluoxetine. Brain neurotransmission processes related to serotonin and choline and liver metabolic status were simultaneously altered. DOM added at 1 mg/L had no effect on the accumulation of fluoxetine or its metabolites in different tissues of the fish. However, at 10 mg/L DOM facilitated fluoxetine and norfluoxetine accumulation in the liver, brain, kidney, gill and bile tissues of the fish. The neuroendocrine-disrupting effects on fish caused by fluoxetine were also enhanced by the co-addition of DOM at 10 mg/L. Binding with fluoxetine and the inhibition of metabolic functions caused by DOM may be responsible for this increase in effects. These findings imply that at high concentrations DOM can increase the toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of fluoxetine to fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xiadong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xuhui Bao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xin Ling
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Haohan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Water Conservancy Project & Civil Engineering College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China.
| | - Yong Ji
- School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China
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Thibaut F, Cosyns P, Fedoroff JP, Briken P, Goethals K, Bradford JMW. The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) 2020 guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of paraphilic disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry 2020; 21:412-490. [PMID: 32452729 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1744723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The primary aim of these guidelines is to evaluate the role of pharmacological agents in the treatment and management of patients with paraphilic disorders, with a focus on the treatment of adult males. Because such treatments are not delivered in isolation, the role of specific psychotherapeutic interventions is also briefly covered. These guidelines are intended for use in clinical practice by clinicians who diagnose and treat patients, including sexual offenders, with paraphilic disorders. The aim of these guidelines is to bring together different views on the appropriate treatment of paraphilic disorders from experts representing different countries in order to aid physicians in clinical decisions and to improve the quality of care.Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted using the English-language-literature indexed on MEDLINE/PubMed (1990-2018 for SSRIs) (1969-2018 for hormonal treatments), supplemented by other sources, including published reviews.Results: Each treatment recommendation was evaluated and discussed with respect to the strength of evidence for its efficacy, safety, tolerability, and feasibility. The type of medication used depends on the severity of the paraphilic disorder and the respective risk of behaviour endangering others. GnRH analogue treatment constitutes the most relevant treatment for patients with severe paraphilic disorders.Conclusions: An algorithm is proposed with different levels of treatment for different categories of paraphilic disorders accompanied by different risk levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Thibaut
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictive Disorders, University Hospital Cochin, University of Paris, INSERM U1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Paul Cosyns
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - John Paul Fedoroff
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, The Royal Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kris Goethals
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp and University Forensic Centre, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - John M W Bradford
- The Royal Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, McMaster University, Ottawa & Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Hudon Thibeault AA, López de Los Santos Y, Doucet N, Sanderson JT, Vaillancourt C. Serotonin and serotonin reuptake inhibitors alter placental aromatase. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 195:105470. [PMID: 31509772 PMCID: PMC7939054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) are currently the main molecules prescribed to pregnant women that suffer from depression. Placental cells are exposed to SRIs via maternal blood, and we have previously shown that SRIs alter feto-placental steroidogenesis in an in vitro co-culture model. More specifically, serotonin (5-HT) regulates the estrogen biosynthetic enzyme aromatase (cytochrome P450 19; CYP19), which is disrupted by fluoxetine and its active metabolite norfluoxetine in BeWo choriocarcinoma cells. Based on molecular simulations, the present study illustrates that the SRIs fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram and venlafaxine exhibit binding affinity for the active-site pocket of CYP19, suggesting potential competitive inhibition. Using BeWo cells and primary villous trophoblast cells isolated from normal term placentas, we compared the effects of the SRIs on CYP19 activity. We observed that paroxetine and sertraline induce aromatase activity in BeWo cells, while venlafaxine, fluoxetine, paroxetine and sertraline decrease aromatase activity in primary villous trophoblast. The effects of paroxetine and sertraline in primary villous trophoblasts were observed at the lower doses tested. We also showed that 5-HT and the 5-HT2A receptor agonist 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) induced CYP19 activity. An increase in phosphorylation of serine and tyrosine and a decrease in threonine phosphorylation of CYP19 was also associated with DOI treatment. Our results contribute to better understanding how 5-HT and SRIs interact with CYP19 and may affect estrogen production. Moreover, this study suggests that alteration of placental 5-HT levels due to depression and/or SRI treatment during pregnancy may be associated with disruption of placental estrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrée-Anne Hudon Thibeault
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531, boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Yossef López de Los Santos
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531, boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Nicolas Doucet
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531, boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; PROTEO, the Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - J Thomas Sanderson
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531, boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Cathy Vaillancourt
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531, boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
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Molina-Jiménez T, Jiménez-Tlapa M, Brianza-Padilla M, Zepeda RC, Hernández-González M, Bonilla-Jaime H. The neonatal treatment with clomipramine decreases sexual motivation and increases estrogen receptors expression in the septum of male rats: Effects of the apomorphine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 180:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hudon Thibeault AA, Sanderson JT, Vaillancourt C. Serotonin-estrogen interactions: What can we learn from pregnancy? Biochimie 2019; 161:88-108. [PMID: 30946949 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have reviewed the scientific literature related to four diseases in which to serotonin (5-HT) is involved in the etiology, herein named 5-HT-linked diseases, and whose prevalence is influenced by estrogenic status: depression, migraine, irritable bowel syndrome and eating disorders. These diseases all have in common a sex-dimorphic prevalence, with women more frequently affected than men. The co-occurrence between these 5-HT-linked diseases suggests that they have common physiopathological mechanisms. In most 5-HT-linked diseases (except for anorexia nervosa and irritable bowel syndrome), a decrease in the serotonergic tone is observed and estrogens are thought to contribute to the improvement of symptoms by stimulating the serotonergic system. Human pregnancy is characterized by a unique 5-HT and estrogen synthesis by the placenta. Pregnancy-specific disorders, such as hyperemesis gravidarum, gestational diabetes mellitus and pre-eclampsia, are associated with a hyperserotonergic state and decreased estrogen levels. Fetal programming of 5-HT-linked diseases is a complex phenomenon that involves notably fetal-sex differences, which suggest the implication of sex steroids. From a mechanistic point of view, we hypothesize that estrogens regulate the serotonergic system, resulting in a protective effect against 5-HT-linked diseases, but that, in turn, 5-HT affects estrogen synthesis in an attempt to retrieve homeostasis. These two processes (5-HT and estrogen biosynthesis) are crucial for successful pregnancy outcomes, and thus, a disruption of this 5-HT-estrogen relationship may explain pregnancy-specific pathologies or pregnancy complications associated with 5-HT-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrée-Anne Hudon Thibeault
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment (Cinbiose), Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P.8888, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - J Thomas Sanderson
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Cathy Vaillancourt
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment (Cinbiose), Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P.8888, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
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Battaglin WA, Bradley PM, Iwanowicz L, Journey CA, Walsh HL, Blazer VS. Pharmaceuticals, hormones, pesticides, and other bioactive contaminants in water, sediment, and tissue from Rocky Mountain National Park, 2012-2013. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:651-673. [PMID: 29957431 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals, hormones, pesticides, and other bioactive contaminants (BCs) are commonly detected in surface water and bed sediment in urban and suburban areas, but these contaminants are understudied in remote locations. In Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Colorado, USA, BCs may threaten the reproductive success and survival of native aquatic species, benthic communities, and pelagic food webs. In 2012-2013, 67 water, 57 sediment, 63 fish, 10 frog, and 12 quality-control samples (8 water and 4 sediment) were collected from 20 sites in RMNP. Samples were analyzed for 369 parameters including 149 pharmaceuticals, 22 hormones, 137 pesticides, and 61 other chemicals or conditions to provide a representative assessment of BC occurrence within RMNP. Results indicate that BCs were detected in water and/or sediment from both remote and more accessible locations in RMNP. The most commonly detected BCs in water were caffeine, camphor, para-cresol, and DEET; and the most commonly detected BCs in sediment were indole, 3-methyl-1H-indole, para-cresol, and 2,6-dimethyl-naphthalene. Some detected contaminants, including carbaryl, caffeine, and oxycodone, are clearly attributable to direct local human input, whereas others may be transported into the park atmospherically (e.g., atrazine) or have local natural sources (e.g., para-cresol). One or more pharmaceuticals were detected in at least 1 sample from 15 of 20 sites. Most of the 29 detected pharmaceuticals are excreted primarily in human urine, not feces. Elevated net estrogenicity was observed in 18% of water samples, and elevated vitellogenin in blood was observed in 12% of male trout, both evidence of potential endocrine disruption. Hormone concentrations in sediment tended to be greater than concentrations in water. Most BCs were observed at concentrations below those not expected to pose adverse effects to aquatic life. Results indicate that even in remote locations aquatic wildlife can be exposed to pharmaceuticals, hormones, pesticides, and other bioactive contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Battaglin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, MS 415, Denver, CO 80225-0046, United States of America.
| | - Paul M Bradley
- U.S. Geological Survey, 720 Gracern Rd, Suite 129, Columbia, SC 29210-7651, United States of America
| | - Luke Iwanowicz
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Kearneysville, WV 25430, United States of America
| | - Celeste A Journey
- U.S. Geological Survey, 720 Gracern Rd, Suite 129, Columbia, SC 29210-7651, United States of America
| | - Heather L Walsh
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Kearneysville, WV 25430, United States of America
| | - Vicki S Blazer
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Kearneysville, WV 25430, United States of America
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Healy D, Le Noury J, Mangin D. Enduring sexual dysfunction after treatment with antidepressants, 5α-reductase inhibitors and isotretinoin: 300 cases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:125-134. [PMID: 29733030 PMCID: PMC6004900 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-180744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical reports of post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD), post-finasteride syndrome (PFS) and enduring sexual dysfunction following isotretinoin. METHODS: Data from RxISK.org, a global adverse event reporting website, have been used to establish the clinical features, demographic details and clinical trajectories of syndromes of persistent sexual difficulties following three superficially different treatment modalities. RESULTS We report on 300 cases of enduring sexual dysfunction from 37 countries following 14 different drugs comprised of serotonin reuptake inhibiting antidepressants, 5α-reductase inhibitors and isotretinoin. While reports of certain issues were unique to the antidepressants, such as the onset of premature ejaculation and persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD), there was also a significant overlap in symptom profile between the drug groups, with common features including genital anaesthesia, pleasureless or weak orgasm, loss of libido and impotence. Secondary consequences included relationship breakdown and impaired quality of life. CONCLUSIONS These data point to a legacy syndrome or syndromes comprising a range of disturbances to sexual function. More detailed studies will require developments in coding systems that recognise the condition(s). Further exploration of these tardive sexual syndromes may yield greater understanding of tardive syndromes in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Healy
- North Wales Department of Psychological Medicine, Bangor, Wales, UK
| | - Joanna Le Noury
- North Wales Department of Psychological Medicine, Bangor, Wales, UK
| | - Derelie Mangin
- David Braley and Nancy Gordon Chair of Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
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Atli O, Baysal M, Aydogan-Kilic G, Kilic V, Ucarcan S, Karaduman B, Ilgin S. Sertraline-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats: evaluation of possible underlying mechanisms. Asian J Androl 2018; 19:672-679. [PMID: 27976631 PMCID: PMC5676427 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.192637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to clarify the toxic effects of sertraline (SRT) on the reproductive system of male rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Rats were treated orally with SRT at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg kg-1 for 28 consecutive days. At the end of the treatment period, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology were investigated by computer-assisted sperm analysis system whereas sperm DNA damage was detected by comet assay. The oxidative status of the testes was investigated, and a histopathological examination was conducted. Serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured to determine the effects of SRT on the spermatogenesis process. One-way ANOVA, post-hoc Dunnett's T3 test for the sperm comet assay, and post-hoc Tukey's test for the others were performed for statistical analysis. The results showed that SRT caused an increase in sperm DNA damage and induced histopathological lesions in all groups treated with SRT. There was abnormal sperm morphology and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) in the 10 mg kg-1 treatment group. More dramatic changes were observed in the 20 mg kg-1 treatment group. Decreased sperm count was accompanied by a significant increase in abnormal sperm morphology, DNA damage, and degeneration in cellular-tubular structures. Serum LH and testosterone levels were elevated in the 20 mg kg-1 treatment group. Decreased glutathione (GSH) and increased MDA were signs of enhanced oxidative stress (OS). In conclusion, SRT induced testicular toxicity in a dose-dependent manner and OS is suggested as a crucial mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Atli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Merve Baysal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Gozde Aydogan-Kilic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Volkan Kilic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Seyda Ucarcan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Burak Karaduman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Sinem Ilgin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
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Clabault H, Flipo D, Guibourdenche J, Fournier T, Sanderson JT, Vaillancourt C. Effects of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on human villous trophoblasts syncytialization. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 349:8-20. [PMID: 29679653 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed antidepressants during pregnancy. The human placenta is a highly specialized organ supporting normal growth and development of the fetus. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effects of SSRIs on villous cytotrophoblasts cells, using BeWo cells and human placental trophoblast cells in primary culture. The SSRIs fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine, sertraline and venlafaxine did not affect BeWo cell proliferation and viability, nor the percentage of M30-positive (apoptotic) primary trophoblast cells. None of the SSRIs affected basal or forskolin-stimulated BeWo cell fusion, whereas sertraline and venlafaxine increased the fusion of primary villous trophoblasts. Sertraline and venlafaxine also modified human chorionic gonadotropin beta (β-hCG) secretion by BeWo cells, whereas none of the SSRIs affected β-hCG secretion in primary trophoblasts. Norfluoxetine increased CGB (chorionic gonadotropin beta) and GJA1 (gap junction protein alpha 1) levels of gene expression (biomarkers of syncytialization) in BeWo cells, whereas in primary trophoblasts none of the SSRIs tested affected the expression of these genes. This study shows that SSRIs affect villous trophoblast syncytialization in a structure- and concentration-dependent manner and suggests that certain SSRIs may compromise placental health. In addition, it highlights the importance of using primary trophoblast cells instead of "trophoblast -like" cell lines to assess the effects of medications on human villous trophoblast function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Clabault
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 blvd des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; BioMed Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Denis Flipo
- BioMed Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Jean Guibourdenche
- INSERM, UMR-S1139, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75006, France; Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, Paris F-75014, France.
| | - Thierry Fournier
- INSERM, UMR-S1139, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75006, France; Fondation PremUp, Paris F-75006, France.
| | - J Thomas Sanderson
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 blvd des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Cathy Vaillancourt
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 blvd des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; BioMed Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
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Munkboel CH, Larsen LW, Weisser JJ, Møbjerg Kristensen D, Styrishave B. Sertraline Suppresses Testis and Adrenal Steroid Production and Steroidogenic Gene Expression While Increasing LH in Plasma of Male Rats Resulting in Compensatory Hypogonadism. Toxicol Sci 2018; 163:609-619. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Hurup Munkboel
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen OE, Denmark
| | - Lizette Weber Larsen
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen OE, Denmark
| | - Johan Juhl Weisser
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen OE, Denmark
| | - David Møbjerg Kristensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Irset – Inserm UMR 1085, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Bjarne Styrishave
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen OE, Denmark
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Chronic fluoxetine treatment induces lipid accumulation but does not alter the expression of Pref-1 in rat adipose tissue. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2018; 68:109-115. [PMID: 29453913 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2018-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of chronic fluoxetine (FLX) treatment on preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) expression in subcutaneous, visceral and brown adipose tissues, and on the size of vacuoles in a dipocytes obtained from the perirenal regions in rats. Twenty-eight Wistar rats were treated with FLX at two different doses and fourteen animals received vehicle. After 40 days of treatment, the subcutaneous, perirenal and interscapular adipose tissues were collected. Pref-1 expression was examined using an immunohistochemical method and the vacuolar area was measured in stained sections. In the low dose FLX group, the size of vacuoles increased both in male and female animals. The high dose of FLX also induced a significant increase of vacuole size, but only in male animals. Neither of the two doses of FLX has significantly affected the Pref-1 expression in any type of adipose tissue.
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Islin J, Munkboel CH, Styrishave B. Steroidogenic disruptive effects of the serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors duloxetine, venlafaxine and tramadol in the H295R cell assay and in a recombinant CYP17 assay. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 47:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Mennigen JA, Zamora JM, Chang JP, Trudeau VL. Endocrine disrupting effects of waterborne fluoxetine exposure on the reproductive axis of female goldfish, Carassius auratus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 202:70-78. [PMID: 28821466 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that pharmaceuticals and personal care products reach urban watersheds, bioconcentrate in fish, and potentially disrupt physiological homeostasis. These impairments often affect hormone functions. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRRIs) are increasingly studied with regards to their endocrine disrupting effects on teleost physiological processes, including reproduction. To examine whether FLX effects on the endocrine regulation of reproductive physiology in goldfish are sex-specific, we exposed sexually recrudescent female goldfish to two waterborne concentrations of FLX (0.54μg/L and 54μg/L) using an experimental design previously used for sexually mature male goldfish. To evaluate possible endocrine disrupting effects, we quantified the gonadosomatic index, circulating hormone concentrations (luteinizing hormone, LH; growth hormone, GH; 17-β estradiol, E2; and testosterone, T), and the expression of isotocin and vasotocin in the telencephalon, gonadotropin subunits and GH in the pituitary, and gonadotropin receptors, GH receptors, and aromatase in the ovary. Female goldfish exposed to 0.54μg/L FLX exhibited a significant decrease in circulating E2, and conversely, a significant increase in circulating LH and ovarian aromatase mRNA levels, suggesting disruption of E2-mediated feedback on LH release. These results, when compared with those previously observed in males, reveal that waterborne exposure to environmentally relevant levels of FLX sex-specifically disrupts the reproductive endocrine axis in goldfish, characterized by a decrease in E2 in females, and conversely, estrogen-like effects in males. These data emphasize the importance of studying the effect of endocrine disrupting chemicals on both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Mennigen
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 20 Marie Curie, K1N6N5 Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Jacob M Zamora
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 20 Marie Curie, K1N6N5 Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - John P Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, 11455 Saskatchewan Drive, T6G2E9 Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Vance L Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 20 Marie Curie, K1N6N5 Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Weisser JJ, Hansen CH, Poulsen R, Larsen LW, Cornett C, Styrishave B. Two simple cleanup methods combined with LC-MS/MS for quantification of steroid hormones in in vivo and in vitro assays. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:4883-95. [PMID: 27150205 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Measuring both progestagens, androgens, corticosteroids as well as estrogens with a single method makes it possible to investigate the effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on the main pathways in the mammalian steroidogenesis. This paper presents two simple methods for the determination of the major steroid hormones in biological matrixes using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS(2)). A novel method was developed for the determination of 14 steroids in the H295R in vitro assay without the need for solid phase extraction (SPE) purification prior to LC-MS(2) analysis. The in vitro assay was validated by exposing H295R cells to prochloraz for inhibiting steroid hormone secretion and by exposing cells to forskolin for inducing steroid hormone secretion. The developed method fulfills the recommendations for the H295R assay suggested by the OECD. Furthermore, a simple off-line SPE methodology was developed for the necessary clean-up of in vivo assays. Samples, such as gonad tissue, plasma and serum, are complex biological matrixes, and the SPE methodology was optimized to remove salts and proteins prior to elution of target analytes. At the same time, lipophilic compounds were retained on the SPE cartridge during elution. This, combined with the multi-steroid LC-MS(2) method, made it possible to determine 10 steroids in male Sprague-Dawley rat gonad tissue. Furthermore, it was possible to quantify 6 steroids in the plasma. In general, the observed concentration of steroid hormones in plasma, testes, and H295R cell medium corresponded well with previous studies. The off-line SPE method was validated using spiked charcoal-stripped serum. Method recovery, accuracy, precision and robustness were all good. Instrument sensitivity was in the range of 55-530 pg/mL (LLOQ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Juhl Weisser
- Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical BioSciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Hurup Hansen
- Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical BioSciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Poulsen
- Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical BioSciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lizette Weber Larsen
- Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical BioSciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Cornett
- Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical BioSciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Styrishave
- Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical BioSciences, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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25
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Sørensen AM, Hansen CH, Bonomo S, Olsen L, Jørgensen FS, Weisser JJ, Kretschmann AC, Styrishave B. Enantioselective endocrine disrupting effects of omeprazole studied in the H295R cell assay and by molecular modeling. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 34:71-80. [PMID: 27002602 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers possess different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and this may not only influence the therapeutic effect of a drug but also its toxicological effects. In the present work we investigated the potential enantioselective endocrine disrupting effects of omeprazole (OME) and its two enantiomers on the human steroidogenesis using the H295R cell line. Differences in production of 16 steroid hormones were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Additionally, to evaluate the differences in binding modes of these enantiomers, docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of S-omeprazole (S-OME) and R-omeprazole (R-OME) in CYP17A1, CYP19A1 and CYP21A2 were carried out. Exposing H295R cells to OME and its enantiomers resulted in an increase of progesterone (PRO) and 17α-hydroxy-progesterone (OH-PRO) levels. At the same time, a decrease in the corticosteroid and androgen synthesis was observed, indicating inhibition of CYP21A2 and CYP17A1. In both cases, the effect of R-OME was smaller compared to that of the S-OME and a certain degree of enantioselectivity of CYP17A1 and CYP21A2 was suggested. Docking indicated that the N-containing rings of OME possibly could interact with the iron atom of the heme for S-OME in CYP17A1 and S- and R-OME in CYP21A2. However, density functional theory calculations suggest that the direct N-Fe interaction is weak. The study demonstrates enantioselective differences in the endocrine disrupting potential of chiral drugs such as omeprazole. These findings may have potential implications for drug safety and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalie Møller Sørensen
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Hurup Hansen
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Silvia Bonomo
- Section of Biostructural Research, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Olsen
- Section of Biostructural Research, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Steen Jørgensen
- Section of Biostructural Research, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan Juhl Weisser
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Christopher Kretschmann
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Styrishave
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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