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Lin S, Shi S, Lu J, He Z, Li D, Huang L, Huang X, Zhou Y, Luo Y. Contribution of genetic variants to congenital heart defects in both singleton and twin fetuses: a Chinese cohort study. Mol Cytogenet 2024; 17:2. [PMID: 38178226 PMCID: PMC10768341 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-023-00664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of genetic variants to congenital heart defects (CHDs) has been investigated in many postnatal cohorts but described in few prenatal fetus cohorts. Overall, specific genetic variants especially copy number variants (CNVs) leading to CHDs are somewhat diverse among different prenatal cohort studies. In this study, a total of 1118 fetuses with confirmed CHDs were recruited from three units over a 5-year period, composing 961 of singleton pregnancies and 157 of twin pregnancies. We performed chromosomal microarray analysis on all cases to detect numerical chromosomal abnormalities (NCAs) and pathogenic/likely pathogenic CNVs (P/LP CNVs) and employed whole-exome sequencing for some cases without NCAs and P/LP CNVs to detect P/LP sequence variants (P/LP SVs). RESULTS Overall, NCAs and P/LP CNVs were identified in 17.6% (197/1118) of cases, with NCA accounting for 9.1% (102/1118) and P/LP CNV for 8.5% (95/1118). Nonisolated CHDs showed a significantly higher frequency of NCA than isolated CHD (27.3% vs. 4.4%, p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in the frequency of P/LP CNVs between isolated and nonisolated CHD (11.7% vs. 7.7%). A total of 109 P/LP CNVs were identified in 95 fetuses, consisting of 97 (89.0%) de novo, 6 (5.5%) parental inherited and 6 (5.5%) with unavailable parental information. The 16p11.2 proximal BP4-BP5 deletion was detected in 0.9% (10/1118) of all cases, second only to the most common 22q11.21 proximal A-D deletion (2.1%, 23/1118). Most of the 16p11.2 deletions (8/10) detected were de novo, and were enriched in CHD cases compared with a control cohort from a previous study. Additionally, SV was identified in 12.9% (8/62) of cases without NCA and P/LP CNV, most of which were de novo with autosomal dominant inheritance. CONCLUSIONS Our cohort study provides a deep profile of the contribution of genetic variants to CHDs in both singleton and twin fetuses; NCA and P/LP CNV contribute to 9.1% and 8.5% of CHD in fetuses, respectively. We confirmed the 16p11.2 deletion as a CHD-associated hotspot CNV, second only to the 22q11.21 deletion in frequency. Most 16p11.2 deletions detected were de novo. Additionally, P/LP SV was identified in 12.9% (8/62) of fetuses without NCA or P/LP CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobin Lin
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Shi
- Fetal Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613 Huangpu West Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No.521, Xingnan Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiming He
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Danlun Li
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Linhuan Huang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yanmin Luo
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Li X, Kang H, Yin H, Liu T, Hou Q, Yu X, Guo Y, Shen W, Ge H, Zeng X, Lu K, Xiong Y. How many missed abortions are caused by embryonic chromosomal abnormalities and what are their risk factors? Front Genet 2023; 13:1058261. [PMID: 36685814 PMCID: PMC9846508 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1058261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Though embryonic chromosome abnormalities have been reported to be the most common cause of missed abortions, previous studies have mainly focused on embryonic chromosome abnormalities of missed abortions, with very few studies reporting that of non-missed abortion. Without chromosome studies of normal abortion samples, it is impossible to determine the risk factors of embryo chromosome abnormalities and missed abortion. This study aimed to investigate the maternal and embryonic chromosome characteristics of missed and non-missed abortion, to clarify the questions that how many missed abortions are caused by embryonic chromosomal abnormalities and what are their risk factors. Material and methods: This study was conducted on 131 women with missed or non-missed abortion from the Longitudinal Missed Abortion Study (LoMAS). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association between maternal covariates and embryonic chromosomal abnormalities and missed abortions. Data on the characteristics of women with abortions were collected. Results: The embryonic chromosome abnormality rate was only 3.9% in non-missed abortion embryos, while it was 64.8% in missed-abortion embryos. Assisted reproductive technology and prior missed abortions increased the risk of embryonic chromosome abnormalities by 1.637 (95% CI: 1.573, 4.346. p = 0.010) and 3.111 (95% CI: 1.809, 7.439. (p < 0.001) times, respectively. In addition, as the age increased by 1 year, the risk of embryonic chromosome abnormality increased by 14.4% (OR: 1.144, 95% CI: 1.030, 1.272. p = 0.012). Moreover, advanced age may lead to different distributions of chromosomal abnormality types. Conclusion: Nearly two-thirds of missed abortions are caused by embryonic chromosomal abnormalities. Moreover, advanced age, assisted reproductive technology, and prior missed abortions increase the risk of embryonic chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Kang
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifeng Yin
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianjiao Liu
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiannan Hou
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- West China Second University Hospital, West China Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanlin Guo
- Chengdu Jinniu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Huisheng Ge
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zeng
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangmu Lu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Kangmu Lu, ; Ying Xiong,
| | - Ying Xiong
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Kangmu Lu, ; Ying Xiong,
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Liu N, Li H, Li M, Gao Y, Yan H. Prenatally diagnosed 16p11.2 copy number variations by SNP Array: A retrospective case series. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 538:15-21. [PMID: 36374846 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The 16p11.2 copy number variations (CNVs) are increasingly recognized as one of the most frequent genomic disorders, with a broad spectrum of phenotypes. The fetal phenotype associated with 16p11.2 CNVs is poorly described. The current study presents prenatal series of 16p11.2 CNVs and provides a better understanding of this submicroscopic imbalance in prenatal diagnosis. METHOD Retrospective case series were extracted from a single tertiary referral center performing prenatal single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array from April 2017 to December 2021. The maternal demographics, indication for amniocentesis, ultrasound findings, SNP array results, inheritance of the CNVs, and pregnancy outcomes were studied. RESULTS We indentified 30 fetuses carrying 16p11.2 CNVs, representing 0.35% (30/8578) of prenatal SNP array results. The series included 17 fetuses with a proximal deletion, 7 with a distal deletion, 4 with a proximal duplication, and 2 with a distal duplication. Prenatal ultrasound anomalies were reported in 80% of these cases. The most common presentation was vertebralanomalies (9/30). Other features noted in more than one fetus were increased nuchal translucency/nuchal fold (NT/NF) (5/30), absent/hypoplastic nasal bone (3/30), polyhydramnios (3/30), ventricular septal defect (VSD) (2/30), unilateral mild ventriculomegaly (2/30), fetal growth restriction (FGR) (2/30), right aortic arch (2/30). All the 9 vertebralanomalies were present in fetuses harboring proximal deletion (9/17). Familial transmission was confirmed in 44% of cases (11/25) and termination of pregnancy was requested in 62.1% (18/29) of cases. CONCLUSION The 16p11.2 CNVs can have variable prenatal phenotypes and these CNVs are frequently inherited from parents with a milder or normal phenotype. Our results underline that vertebral deformities were frequent in cases of 16p11.2 proximal deletion, and further demonstrate the incomplete penetrance of the CNVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Genetic Lab, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Genetic Lab, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Manman Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Genetic Lab, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanduo Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Health Toxicology, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Zhou H, Wang Y, Huang R, Fu F, Li R, Cheng K, Wang D, Yu Q, Zhang Y, Jing X, Lei T, Han J, Yang X, Li D, Liao C. Prenatal Diagnosis and Outcomes in Fetuses with Hemivertebra. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091623. [PMID: 36140791 PMCID: PMC9498835 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are few studies on the burden of chromosomal abnormalities and single gene disorders in fetal hemivertebra (HV). We aim to investigate the cytogenetic and monogenic risk and evaluate prenatal outcomes of fetal HV. Method: This study included fetuses diagnosed with HV divided into two groups: isolated HV and non-isolated HV. Data on other sonographic structural anomalies, chromosomal and sub-chromosomal abnormalities, monogenic variations detected by WES, and prenatal outcomes are recorded and reviewed. Results: Among 109 fetal HV cases, forty-seven (43.1%) non-isolated HV cases were associated with structural anomalies. Chromosomal test results were available in 58 cases, identifying six (10.3%) chromosomal aberrations involved in four isolated and two non-isolated HV. WES identified four (likely) pathogenic variants in three cases among 16 fetuses with HV, involving three novel variants, 1250G > T and c.1277G> inherited from parents, respectively, in DLL3 and c.7213C > A ** in the FLNB. The live birth rate (LB) was higher in the isolated fetal HV group than in the non-isolated group (67.7% (42/62) vs. 12.5% (12/47), p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study emphasizes the risk of cytogenetic abnormalities in isolated HV. WES yields a diagnostic rate of 18.3% in HV with normal CMA, probably aiding the prenatal counseling and management of fetal HV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruibin Huang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Fang Fu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Ru Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Ken Cheng
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Qiuxia Yu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Yongling Zhang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Xiangyi Jing
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Tingying Lei
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Dongzhi Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Can Liao
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-(020)-38076346
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