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Song F, Li C, Zhang N, He X, Yang H, Yan Z, Tian H, Huang K. Alkalihalobacillus clausii PA21 transcriptome profiling and functional analysis revealed the metabolic pathway involved in glycoalkaloids degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124682. [PMID: 37164133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Glycoalkaloids (GAs), including α-solanine and α-chaconine, are secondary metabolites found in potato, which are toxic to higher animals. In a previous study, Alkalihalobacillus clausii PA21 showed the capacity to degrade GAs. Herein, the transcriptome response of PA21 to α-solanine or α-chaconine was evaluated. In total, 3170 and 2783 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were found in α-solanine- and α-chaconine-treated groups, respectively, with most DEGs upregulated. Moreover, GAs activated transmembrane transport, carbohydrate metabolism, transcription, quorum sensing, and bacterial chemotaxis in PA21 to withstand GA-induced stress and promote GAs degradation. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the upregulation of degrading enzymes and components involved in GA degradation in PA21. In addition, the GAs-degrading enzymes were heterologous expressed, purified, and incubated with GAs to analyze the degradation products. The results showed that α-solanine was degraded to β1-solanine, β2-solanine, γ-solanine, and solanidine by β-glucosidase, α-rhamnosidase, and β-galactosidase. Meanwhile, α-chaconine was degraded to β1-chaconine, β2-chaconine, γ-chaconine, and solanidine by β-glucosidase and α-rhamnosidase. Overall, the molecular mechanism underlying GAs degradation by PA21 was revealed by RNAseq combined with protein expression and function studies, thus providing the basis for the development of engineered bacteria that can efficiently degrade GAs to promote their application in the control of GAs in potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; College of Biological Science and Engineering, Xingtai University, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Probiotic Functional Dairy Product, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Probiotic Functional Dairy Product, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; College of Biochemistry and Environmental Engineering, Baoding University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Laboratory of Food Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongru Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; College of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Ziru Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Hongtao Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Probiotic Functional Dairy Product, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China.
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Laboratory of Food Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Semenov VE, Zueva IV, Lushchekina SV, Lenina OA, Gubaidullina LM, Saifina LF, Shulaeva MM, Kayumova RM, Saifina AF, Gubaidullin AT, Kondrashova SA, Latypov SK, Masson P, Petrov KA. 6-Methyluracil derivatives as peripheral site ligand-hydroxamic acid conjugates: Reactivation for paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111787. [PMID: 31675511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New uncharged conjugates of 6-methyluracil derivatives with imidazole-2-aldoxime and 1,2,4-triazole-3-hydroxamic acid units were synthesized and studied as reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited cholinesterase. Using paraoxon (POX) as a model organophosphate, it was shown that 6-methyluracil derivatives linked with hydroxamic acid are able to reactivate POX-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in vitro. The reactivating efficacy of one compound (5b) is lower than that of pyridinium-2-aldoxime (2-PAM). Meanwhile, unlike 2-PAM, in vivo study showed that the lead compound 5b is able: (1) to reactivate POX-inhibited AChE in the brain; (2) to decrease death of neurons and, (3) to prevent memory impairment in rat model of POX-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav E Semenov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation.
| | - Irina V Zueva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Sofya V Lushchekina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow, 119334, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana A Lenina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Lilya M Gubaidullina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Lilya F Saifina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Marina M Shulaeva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Ramilya M Kayumova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Alina F Saifina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Aidar T Gubaidullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A Kondrashova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Shamil K Latypov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Patrick Masson
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A Petrov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
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Reiner E, Radić Z, Simeon-Rudolf V. Mechanisms of Organophosphate Toxicity and Detoxication with Emphasis on Studies in Croatia. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2007; 58:329-38. [PMID: 17913688 DOI: 10.2478/v10004-007-0026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of Organophosphate Toxicity and Detoxication with Emphasis on Studies in CroatiaThis review comprises studies on the mechanisms of toxicity and detoxication of organophosphorus (OP) compounds done in Croatia in different research areas. One area is the synthesis of antidotes against OP poisoning and their in vivo testing in experimental animals. In vitro studies included in this review focus on the mechanisms of reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), protection of cholinesterases from inhibition by OPs, and reactivation of phosphylated cholinesterases. The third area comprises distribution profiles of BChE and paraoxonase (PON) phenotypes in selected population groups and the detection of OPs and metabolites in humans. Finally, methods are described for the detection of OP compounds in human blood and other media by means of cholinesterase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Reiner
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
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