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Wei D, Shi J, Xu H, Guo Y, Wu X, Chen Z, Chen T, Lou H, Han E, Han G, Yan Y, Liu X, Zeng X, Fan C, Hou J, Huo W, Li L, Jing T, Wang C, Mao Z. Prospective study on the joint effect of persistent organic pollutants and glucose metabolism on chronic kidney disease: Modifying effects of lifestyle interventions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175694. [PMID: 39173765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
There is no evidence on the associations between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Chinese rural population. We aimed to investigate the individual and mixed effects of 22 POPs on the prevalence and incidence of CKD, and the joint effects of POPs and abnormal glucose metabolism as well as the modification effects of healthy lifestyle on these associations. A total of 2775 subjects, including 925 subjects with normal plasma glucose (NPG) and 925 subjects with prediabetes (PDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), were enrolled from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Logistic regression and quantile g-computation were performed to assess the individual and mixed effects of POPs on the risk of CKD. Joint effects of POPs and abnormal glucose metabolism status, as well as the modification effects of lifestyle on CKD were assessed. After 3-year follow-up, an increment of ln-o,p'-DDT was related to an elevated risk of CKD prevalence. Positive associations of p,p'-DDE and β-BHC with CKD incidence were observed (P < 0.05). In addition, participants with high levels of ∑POPs were associated elevated incidence risk of CKD (OR: 1.217, 95%CI: 1.008-1.469). One quartile increase in POPs mixture was associated with the increased incidence of CKD among T2DM patients (P < 0.05). Further, a higher risk of CKD was observed among PDM and T2DM patients with high levels of o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, β-BHC, and ∑POPs than NPG subjects with low levels of pollutants. In addition, interactive effects of ∑POPs and lifestyle score on CKD incidence were found. Individual and mixed exposure to POPs increased the prevalence and incidence of CKD, and glucose metabolic status exacerbated the risk of CKD resulting from such exposures. Further, the modifying effects of lifestyle were observed, highlighting the importance of precision prevention for high-risk CKD population and healthy lifestyle intervention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jiayu Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yao Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Taimeng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Huilin Lou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Erbao Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Guozhen Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yumeng Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Caini Fan
- Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Tao Jing
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Jiang L, Yang J, Yang H, Kong L, Ma H, Zhu Y, Zhao X, Yang T, Liu W. Advanced Understanding of the Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs): Insights from Total Environment to Intoxication. Toxicology 2024:153959. [PMID: 39341352 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated compounds connected by ester bonds between two benzene rings. There are 209 congeners of PBDEs, classified according to the number and position of the bromine atoms. Due to their low cost and superior flame retardant properties, PBDEs have been extensively used as flame retardants in electronic products, plastics, textiles, and other materials since the 1970s. PBDEs are classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention because of their environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity to both humans and wildlife. Due to their extensive use and significant quantities, PBDEs have been detected across a range of environments and biological organisms. These compounds are known to cause damage to the metabolic system, exhibit neurotoxicity, and pose reproductive hazards. This review investigates the environmental distribution and human exposure pathways of PBDEs. Using China-a country with significant PBDE use-as an example, it highlights substantial regional and temporal variations in PBDE concentrations and notes that certain environmental levels may pose risks to human health. The article then examines the toxic effects and mechanisms of PBDEs on several major target organs, summarizing recent research and the specific mechanisms underlying these toxic effects from multiple toxicological perspectives. This review enhances our understanding of PBDEs' environmental distribution, exposure pathways, and toxic mechanisms, offering valuable insights for further research and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujiangshan Jiang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Huajie Yang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Lingxu Kong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Haonan Ma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yapei Zhu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Tianyao Yang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China.
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Nomiyama K, Sato R, Sato F, Eguchi A. Accumulation of persistent organic pollutants in the kidneys of pet cats (Felis silvestris catus) and the potential implications for their health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173212. [PMID: 38759481 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated diphenyls (PCBs) and brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), are ubiquitous in the pet cat's living environment and are ingested through dietary intake and environmental exposure such as house dust. Cats are known to be susceptible to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and exposure to POPs may be associated with CKD. However, no studies have been conducted on the renal accumulation and health effects of POPs in cats. The objective of this study was to elucidate the accumulation of PCBs, PBDEs, and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the kidneys of domestic cats and discuss their potential impact on feline health. We report here that cats specifically accumulate POPs in their kidneys. Tissue samples were collected from the kidneys, livers, and muscles of cats and the concentrations of POPs in these tissues were analyzed in this study. The results showed that these compounds accumulated significantly higher in the kidney compared to other tissues. In addition, the ability to accumulate in the kidney was higher in cats than in other animals, suggesting that cats have a unique pattern of POPs accumulation in their kidneys, which is thought to occur because cats store a significant number of lipid droplets in the proximal tubules of the kidneys. This unique feature suggests that lipophilic POPs may accumulate in these lipid droplets during the excretory process. Accumulation of certain POPs in the kidneys causes necrosis and sloughing of renal tubular epithelial cells, which may be associated with CKD, a common disease in cats. This study provides valuable insight into understanding the renal accumulation and risk of POPs in cats and provides essential knowledge for developing strategies to protect the health and welfare of domestic cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nomiyama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Rina Sato
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Fuka Sato
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Akifumi Eguchi
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Inage-ku Yayoi-cho 1-33, Chiba-city 263-8522, Japan
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Leri AC, Hettithanthri O, Bolan S, Zhang T, Unrine J, Myneni S, Nachman DR, Tran HT, Phillips AJ, Hou D, Wang Y, Vithanage M, Padhye LP, Jasemi Zad T, Heitz A, Siddique KHM, Wang H, Rinklebe J, Kirkham MB, Bolan N. Bromine contamination and risk management in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133881. [PMID: 38422740 PMCID: PMC11380803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Bromine (Br) is widely distributed through the lithosphere and hydrosphere, and its chemistry in the environment is affected by natural processes and anthropogenic activities. While the chemistry of Br in the atmosphere has been comprehensively explored, there has never been an overview of the chemistry of Br in soil and aquatic systems. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the sources, geochemistry, health and environmental threats, remediation approaches, and regulatory guidelines pertaining to Br pollution in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Volcanic eruptions, geothermal streams, and seawater are the major natural sources of Br. In soils and sediments, Br undergoes natural cycling between organic and inorganic forms, with bromination reactions occurring both abiotically and through microbial activity. For organisms, Br is a non-essential element; it is passively taken up by plant roots in the form of the Br- anion. Elevated Br- levels can limit plant growth on coastal soils of arid and semi-arid environments. Br is used in the chemical industry to manufacture pesticides, flame retardants, pharmaceuticals, and other products. Anthropogenic sources of organobromine contaminants in the environment are primarily wastewater treatment, fumigants, and flame retardants. When aqueous Br- reacts with oxidants in water treatment plants, it can generate brominated disinfection by-products (DBPs), and exposure to DBPs is linked to adverse human health effects including increased cancer risk. Br- can be removed from aquatic systems using adsorbents, and amelioration of soils containing excess Br- can be achieved by leaching, adding various amendments, or phytoremediation. Developing cost-effective methods for Br- removal from wastewater would help address the problem of toxic brominated DBPs. Other anthropogenic organobromines, such as polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, are persistent, toxic, and bioaccumulative, posing a challenge in environmental remediation. Future research directives for managing Br pollution sustainably in various environmental settings are suggested here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra C Leri
- Department of Natural Sciences, Marymount Manhattan College, 221 E 71st St., New York, NY 10021, United States.
| | - Oshadi Hettithanthri
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Shiv Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Healthy Environments And Lives (HEAL) National Research Network, Canberra, Australia
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jason Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States; Kentucky Water Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, United States
| | - Satish Myneni
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - Danielle R Nachman
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States
| | - Huu Tuan Tran
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ankur J Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263145, India
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidong Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Sustainability Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Tahereh Jasemi Zad
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Anna Heitz
- Curtin Water Quality Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, Wuppertal 42285, Germany
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Healthy Environments And Lives (HEAL) National Research Network, Canberra, Australia
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Schrenk D, Bignami M, Bodin L, Chipman JK, del Mazo J, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, (Ron) Hoogenboom L, Leblanc J, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Schwerdtle T, Wallace H, Benford D, Fürst P, Hart A, Rose M, Schroeder H, Vrijheid M, Ioannidou S, Nikolič M, Bordajandi LR, Vleminckx C. Update of the risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food. EFSA J 2024; 22:e8497. [PMID: 38269035 PMCID: PMC10807361 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2011 risk assessment on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food, focusing on 10 congeners: BDE-28, -47, -49, -99, -100, -138, -153, -154, -183 and ‑209. The CONTAM Panel concluded that the neurodevelopmental effects on behaviour and reproductive/developmental effects are the critical effects in rodent studies. For four congeners (BDE-47, -99, -153, -209) the Panel derived Reference Points, i.e. benchmark doses and corresponding lower 95% confidence limits (BMDLs), for endpoint-specific benchmark responses. Since repeated exposure to PBDEs results in accumulation of these chemicals in the body, the Panel estimated the body burden at the BMDL in rodents, and the chronic intake that would lead to the same body burden in humans. For the remaining six congeners no studies were available to identify Reference Points. The Panel concluded that there is scientific basis for inclusion of all 10 congeners in a common assessment group and performed a combined risk assessment. The Panel concluded that the combined margin of exposure (MOET) approach was the most appropriate risk metric and applied a tiered approach to the risk characterisation. Over 84,000 analytical results for the 10 congeners in food were used to estimate the exposure across dietary surveys and age groups of the European population. The most important contributors to the chronic dietary Lower Bound exposure to PBDEs were meat and meat products and fish and seafood. Taking into account the uncertainties affecting the assessment, the Panel concluded that it is likely that current dietary exposure to PBDEs in the European population raises a health concern.
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Robledo DAR, Prudente MS, Aguja SE, Iwata H. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies on the hepatoxicity induced by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in rats and mice. Curr Res Toxicol 2023; 5:100131. [PMID: 37841056 PMCID: PMC10570958 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2023.100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Several toxicological studies were conducted to evaluate the hepatoxicity of PBDEs using different animal models, congeners, duration of exposure, and other parameters. These variations in different animal models and conditions might have an impact on extrapolating experimental results to humans. Hence, by the meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify and elucidate the species differences in hepatoxicity induced by PBDE exposure in rats and mice across different conditions and moderators. Fourteen in vivo studies that utilized rats and mice models were identified, and data such as author names, year of publication, type of PBDE congeners, rodent species, life stage of exposure, dosage, duration, and hepatoxicity indicators were extracted. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to evaluate the association between hepatoxicity and PBDE exposure across multiple approaches of measurement. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and interaction analysis were utilized to elucidate the species-related differences among the results of the involved studies. The pooled SMD of hepatoxicity of PBDE exposure in the involved in vivo studies was 1.82 (p = 0.016), indicating exposure to PBDE congeners and mixtures is associated with a significant increase in liver toxicity in rodents. Moreover, findings showed that rats were more sensitive to PBDEs than mice with the BDE-209 had the highest SMD value. Among the life stages of exposure, embryonic stage was found to be the most sensitive to hepatoxicity induced by PBDE congeners. Positive relationships were found between the incidence of hepatoxicity with dosage and duration of exposure to PBDE. Interaction analyses showed significant interactions between rodent species (rats or mice), dosage, length of exposure, and hepatotoxicity endpoints. Rats demonstrated an increased susceptibility to variations in organ weight, histopathological changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress markers. Conversely, mice showed pronounced lipid accumulation and modifications in liver enzyme expression levels. However, significant differences were not found in terms of endoplasmic reticular stress as a mechanistic endpoint for hepatotoxicity. In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed that there might be some species-related differences in hepatoxicity induced by PBDE exposure in rats and mice depending on the parameters used. This study highlights the importance of cross-species extrapolation of results from animal models to accurately assess the potential risks to human health from exposure to PBDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave Arthur R. Robledo
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | | | | | - Hisato Iwata
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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Xue J, Xiao Q, Zhang M, Li D, Wang X. Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13487. [PMID: 37686292 PMCID: PMC10487835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of flame retardants used in plastics, textiles, polyurethane foam, and other materials. They contain two halogenated aromatic rings bonded by an ester bond and are classified according to the number and position of bromine atoms. Due to their widespread use, PBDEs have been detected in soil, air, water, dust, and animal tissues. Besides, PBDEs have been found in various tissues, including liver, kidney, adipose, brain, breast milk and plasma. The continued accumulation of PBDEs has raised concerns about their potential toxicity, including hepatotoxicity, kidney toxicity, gut toxicity, thyroid toxicity, embryotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity. Previous studies have suggested that there may be various mechanisms contributing to PBDEs toxicity. The present study aimed to outline PBDEs' toxic effects and mechanisms on different organ systems. Given PBDEs' bioaccumulation and adverse impacts on human health and other living organisms, we summarize PBDEs' effects and potential toxicity mechanisms and tend to broaden the horizons to facilitate the design of new prevention strategies for PBDEs-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Xue
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (Q.X.); (M.Z.); (D.L.)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaofei Wang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (Q.X.); (M.Z.); (D.L.)
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8
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Guo LC, Lv Z, Zhu T, He G, Hu J, Xiao J, Liu T, Yu S, Zhang J, Zhang H, Ma W. Associations between serum polychlorinated biphenyls, halogen flame retardants, and renal function indexes in residents of an e-waste recycling area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159746. [PMID: 36306844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
E-waste handling activities release large quantities of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and halogen flame retardants (HFRs) into the surrounding area, creating a high exposure risk for local residents. However, the possibility of PCBs and HFRs exposure contributing to renal injury has not been extensively studied. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted an epidemiological analysis of adolescents and adults recruited from an e-waste recycling area and a control area. Some PCBs and HFRs compounds were statistically significantly associated with the levels of β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), and uric acid, with thyroid hormone-related genes found to partly mediate these associations. The interactions of PCBs and HFRs with metals also influenced renal function indexes. Exposure to high concentrations of PCBs and HFRs resulted in higher levels of β2-MG and lower levels of BUN and SCr in the exposed group. As indicated by the elevated β2-MG levels, high exposure to PCBs and HFRs may increase the risk of early renal injury for adolescents. These findings help to clarify the impacts of PCBs and HFRs on renal function and highlight the need to protect the health of residents in regions impacted by e-waste handling activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Chuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhanlu Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Detection and Control in Water Environment, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Low Energy Sewage Treatment, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Guanhao He
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shengbing Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Jinliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Zhang X, Flaws JA, Spinella MJ, Irudayaraj J. The Relationship between Typical Environmental Endocrine Disruptors and Kidney Disease. TOXICS 2022; 11:32. [PMID: 36668758 PMCID: PMC9863798 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that alter the endocrine function of an organism, to result in adverse effects on growth and development, metabolism, and reproductive function. The kidney is one of the most important organs in the urinary system and an accumulation point. Studies have shown that EDCs can cause proteinuria, affect glomeruli and renal tubules, and even lead to diabetes and renal fibrosis in animal and human studies. In this review, we discuss renal accumulation of select EDCs such as dioxins, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalates, and delineate how exposures to such EDCs cause renal lesions and diseases, including cancer. The regulation of typical EDCs with specific target genes and the activation of related pathways are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jodi A. Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Michael J. Spinella
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Joseph Irudayaraj
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute of Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Nephrotoxicity of Flame Retardants: An Understudied but Critical Toxic Endpoint. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2022.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Luan P, Zhang H, Chen X, Zhu Y, Hu G, Cai J, Zhang Z. Melatonin relieves 2,2,4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47)-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction through the AMPK-Sirt1-PGC-1α axis in fish kidney cells (CIK). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113276. [PMID: 35123185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exist in aquatic environments with nephrotoxicity to non-target aquatic species. Melatonin (MT) exhibits an inhibitory effect of oxidative stress and apoptosis in various diseases. 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is the main homolog of PBDE samples. Therefore, we investigated the toxic mechanism of BDE-47 and the alleviation effect of MT, the ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells were treated with BDE-47 (100 μM) and/or MT (60 μM) for 24 h. Firstly, BDE-47 exposure could inhibit oxidative stress-related antioxidant enzymes (T-AOC, SOD, CAT and GPx) and increase the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) to cause oxidative stress. Secondly, BDE-47 enhanced mitochondrial division and inhibited fusion to induce mitochondrial membrane potential in CIK cells. BDE-47 enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of mitochondrial-pathway apoptosis related genes (Cas 3, Cyt-c, and BAX). Thirdly, BDE-47 treatment decreased the expression levels of mitochondrial-related regulatory factors AMPK-Sirt1-PGC-1α signal pathway. Intriguingly, BDE-47-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial pathway apoptosis and mitochondrial dynamics disorder could be alleviated by MT treatment. Overall, we concluded that MT could relieve BDE-47-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis through the AMPK-Sirt1-PGC-1α axis. These results enrich the mechanisms of BDE-47 poisoning and reveal that MT treatment may be a potential strategy for solving BDE-47 poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixian Luan
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 0150070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, PR China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yue Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Guo Hu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 0150070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, PR China.
| | - Jingzeng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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12
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Cai Z, Hu W, Wu R, Zheng S, Wu K. Bioinformatic analyses of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers toxicities on impairment of adrenocortical secretory function. Environ Health Prev Med 2022; 27:38. [PMID: 36198577 PMCID: PMC9556975 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.22-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their metabolites have severe impact on human health, but few studies focus on their nephrotoxicity. This study was conceived to explore hub genes that may be involved in two hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers toxicities on impairment of adrenocortical secretory function. METHODS Gene dataset was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Principal component analysis and correlation analysis were used to classify the samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the limma package in RStudio (version 4.1.0). Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Reactome enrichment analyses of DEGs were conducted. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established using STRING network, and genes were filtered by Cytoscape (version 3.8.2). Finally, the hub genes were integrated by plug-in CytoHubba and RobustRankAggreg, and were preliminarily verified by the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). RESULTS GSE8588 dataset was selected in this study. About 190 upregulated and 224 downregulated DEGs in 2-OH-BDE47 group, and 244 upregulated and 276 downregulated DEGs in 2-OH-BDE85 group. Functional enrichment analyses in the GO, KEGG and Reactome indicated the potential involvement of DEGs in endocrine metabolism, oxidative stress mechanisms, regulation of abnormal cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage and repair. 2-OH-BDE85 is more cytotoxic in a dose-dependent manner than 2-OH-BDE47. A total of 98 hub genes were filtered, and 91 nodes and 359 edges composed the PPI network. Besides, 9 direct-acting genes were filtered for the intersection of hub genes by CTD. CONCLUSIONS OH-PBDEs may induce H295R adrenocortical cancer cells in the disorder of endocrine metabolism, regulation of abnormal cell proliferation, DNA damage and repair. The screened hub genes may play an important role in this dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Cai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Chronic Disease Control Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruotong Wu
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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13
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Besis A, Botsaropoulou E, Balla D, Voutsa D, Samara C. Toxic organic pollutants in Greek house dust: Implications for human exposure and health risk. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131318. [PMID: 34192665 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic contaminants often documented in house dust include mainly chemicals released from construction materials and consumer products and compounds emitted from indoor combustion activities. The occurrence of major chemical classes of toxic organic pollutants, included polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs), was for the first time investigated in house dust in Greece. The mean concentrations of ∑16PAHs, ∑20PBDEs, ∑7NPAHs and∑15PCBs in house dust were 4650 ng g-1, 564 ng g-1, 7.52 ng g-1, and 6.29 ng g-1, respectively. Exposure to dust organic contaminants via ingestion, inhalation and dermal absorption was estimated for two age classes (adults and children) and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were assessed. The hazard index (HI) for adults and children for PBDEs, PCBs, PAHs and NPAHs in all samples was less than 1 suggesting a very low level of concern for all human age group due to exposure to those chemicals. Total carcinogenic risk via the three exposure pathways (ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact) was within the safe range of 10-6 to 10-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Besis
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Elisavet Botsaropoulou
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Balla
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Voutsa
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Constantini Samara
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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14
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Barnett LMA, Kramer NE, Buerger AN, Love DH, Bisesi JH, Cummings BS. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Differential Nephrotoxicity of Diverse Brominated Flame Retardants in Rat and Human Renal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810044. [PMID: 34576211 PMCID: PMC8465879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are environmentally persistent, are detected in humans, and some have been banned due to their potential toxicity. BFRs are developmental neurotoxicants and endocrine disruptors; however, few studies have explored their potential nephrotoxicity. We addressed this gap in the literature by determining the toxicity of three different BFRs (tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47)) in rat (NRK 52E) and human (HK-2 and RPTEC) tubular epithelial cells. All compounds induced time- and concentration-dependent toxicity based on decreases in MTT staining and changes in cell and nuclear morphology. The toxicity of BFRs was chemical- and cell-dependent, and human cells were more susceptible to all three BFRs based on IC50s after 48 h exposure. BFRs also had chemical- and cell-dependent effects on apoptosis as measured by increases in annexin V and PI staining. The molecular mechanisms mediating this toxicity were investigated using RNA sequencing. Principal components analysis supported the hypothesis that BFRs induce different transcriptional changes in rat and human cells. Furthermore, BFRs only shared nine differentially expressed genes in rat cells and five in human cells. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated chemical- and cell-dependent effects; however, some commonalities were also observed. Namely, gene sets associated with extracellular matrix turnover, the coagulation cascade, and the SNS-related adrenal cortex response were enriched across all cell lines and BFR treatments. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that BFRs induce differential toxicity in rat and human renal cell lines that is mediated by differential changes in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naomi E Kramer
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Amanda N Buerger
- Department of Environmental and Global Health and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Deirdre H Love
- Department of Environmental and Global Health and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Joseph H Bisesi
- Department of Environmental and Global Health and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Brian S Cummings
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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15
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Yao L, Wang Y, Shi J, Liu Y, Guo H, Yang X, Liu Y, Ma J, Li D, Wang Z, Li Z, Luo Q, Fu J, Zhang Q, Qu G, Wang Y, Jiang G. Toxicity of Tetrabromobisphenol A and Its Derivative in the Mouse Liver Following Oral Exposure at Environmentally Relevant Levels. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8191-8202. [PMID: 34086441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As typical brominated flame retardants (BFRs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and its derivative TBBPA-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether) (TBBPA-BDBPE) are ubiquitous in various environmental compartments. However, the potential health risk posed by these compounds, especially at environmentally relevant levels, remains unclear. In this study, using adult male mice, we investigated the toxicity of orally administered TBBPA and TBBPA-BDBPE at an environmentally relevant dose (57 nmol/kg body weight). After a single exposure and daily exposure, we assessed lipid metabolism homeostasis, the transcriptome, and immune cell components in the liver. We found that the single exposure to TBBPA or TBBPA-BDBPE alone increased the number of hepatic macrophages, induced alterations in the levels of lipids, including triacylglycerol and free fatty acids, and caused transcriptome perturbation. The results from the daily administration groups showed that TBBPA and TBBPA-BDBPE both significantly increased the triacylglycerol content; however, the elevation of hepatic macrophages was observed only in the TBBPA-BDBPE treatment group. This study confirmed that environmentally relevant levels of TBBPA and TBBPA-BDBPE are toxic to the liver. Our findings revealed that dysfunction of the liver is a health concern, following exposure to BFRs, even at very low concentrations. The chronic effects induced by TBBPA and its derivatives should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanna Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Danyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziniu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zikang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianjie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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16
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Montalbano AM, Albano GD, Anzalone G, Moscato M, Gagliardo R, Di Sano C, Bonanno A, Ruggieri S, Cibella F, Profita M. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the flame retardants (PBDE-47, PBDE-99 and PBDE-209) in human bronchial epithelial cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125600. [PMID: 31864052 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widespread as flame-retardants in different types of consumer products. PBDEs present in the air or dust and their inhalation can damage human health by influencing the respiratory system. We evaluated the effects of environment relevant concentrations (0.01-1 μM) of PBDE-47, PBDE-99 and PBDE-209 on the mechanism of oxidative stress, dysregulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage and repair (in term of H2AX phosphorylation ser139) in an in-vitro/ex-vivo model of bronchial epithelial cells. PBDEs (-47, -99 and -209) at the environment relevant concentrations (0.01 and 1 μM) induce oxidative stress (in term of NOX-4 expression as well as ROS and JC-1 production), activate the mechanism of DNA-damage and repair affecting Olive Tail length (comet assay) production and H2AX phosphorylation (ser139) in normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Furthermore PBDEs, although do not affect cell viability, induce cell apoptosis and single cell capacity to grow into a colony (like a cancer phenotype) in bronchial epithelial cells. Finally, PBDE-47 had a greater effect than -99 and -209. PBDE-47, -99 and -209 congeners exert cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, and play a critical role in the dysregulation of oxidative stress, damaging DNA and the related gene expression in bronchial epithelial cells. Our findings might suggest that PBDEs inhalation might have adverse effect on human health regarding pulmonary diseases in the areas of environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Marina Montalbano
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giusy Daniela Albano
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Anzalone
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Moscato
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalia Gagliardo
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Di Sano
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Bonanno
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvia Ruggieri
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Cibella
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Mirella Profita
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy.
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17
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Alvarez-Gonzalez MY, Sánchez-Islas E, Mucio-Ramirez S, de Gortari P, Amaya MI, Kodavanti PRS, León-Olea M. Perinatal exposure to octabromodiphenyl ether mixture, DE-79, alters the vasopressinergic system in adult rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 391:114914. [PMID: 32032643 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent environmental pollutants considered as neurotoxicants and endocrine disruptors with important biological effects ranging from alterations in growth, reproduction, and effects on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. The vasopressinergic (AVPergic) system is a known target for pentaBDEs mixture (DE-71) and the structurally similar chemicals, polychlorinated biphenyls. However, the potential adverse effects of mixtures containing octaBDE compounds, like DE-79, on the AVPergic system are still unknown. The present study aims to examine the effects of perinatal DE-79 exposure on the AVPergic system. Dams were dosed from gestational day 6 to postnatal day 21 at doses of 0 (control), 1.7 (low) or 10.2 (high) mg/kg/day, and male offspring from all doses at 3-months-old were subjected to normosmotic and hyperosmotic challenge. Male offspring where later assessed for alterations in osmoregulation (i.e. serum osmolality and systemic vasopressin release), and both vasopressin immunoreactivity (AVP-IR) and gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. Additionally, to elucidate a possible mechanism for the effects of DE-79 on the AVPergic system, both neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity (nNOS-IR) and mRNA expression were investigated in the same hypothalamic nuclei. The results showed that perinatal DE-79 exposure AVP-IR, mRNA expression and systemic release in adulthood under normosmotic conditions and more evidently under hyperosmotic stimulation. nNOS-IR and mRNA expression were also affected in the same nuclei. Since NO is an AVP regulator, we propose that disturbances in NO could be a mechanism underlying the AVPergic system disruption following perinatal DE-79 exposure leading to osmoregulation deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mhar Y Alvarez-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo Sánchez-Islas
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - Samuel Mucio-Ramirez
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - Patricia de Gortari
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Molecular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - María I Amaya
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Molecular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - Prasada Rao S Kodavanti
- Neurotoxicology Branch, Toxicity Assessment Division, NHEERL/ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Martha León-Olea
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
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Zhang A, Li CY, Kelly EJ, Sheppard L, Cui JY. Transcriptomic profiling of PBDE-exposed HepaRG cells unveils critical lncRNA- PCG pairs involved in intermediary metabolism. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0224644. [PMID: 32101552 PMCID: PMC7043721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were formally used as flame-retardants and are chemically stable, lipophlic persistent organic pollutants which are known to bioaccumulate in humans. Although its toxicities are well characterized, little is known about the changes in transcriptional regulation caused by PBDE exposure. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as key regulators of transcriptional and translational processes. It is hypothesized that lncRNAs can regulate nearby protein-coding genes (PCGs) and changes in the transcription of lncRNAs may act in cis to perturb gene expression of its neighboring PCGs. The goals of this study were to 1) characterize PCGs and lncRNAs that are differentially regulated from exposure to PBDEs; 2) identify PCG-lncRNA pairs through genome annotation and predictive binding tools; and 3) determine enriched canonical pathways caused by differentially expressed lncRNA-PCGs pairs. HepaRG cells, which are human-derived hepatic cells that accurately represent gene expression profiles of human liver tissue, were exposed to BDE-47 and BDE-99 at a dose of 25 μM for 24 hours. Differentially expressed lncRNA-PCG pairs were identified through DESeq2 and HOMER; significant canonical pathways were determined through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). LncTar was used to predict the binding of 19 lncRNA-PCG pairs with known roles in drug-processing pathways. Genome annotation revealed that the majority of the differentially expressed lncRNAs map to PCG introns. PBDEs regulated overlapping pathways with PXR and CAR such as protein ubiqutination pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-retinoid X receptor alpha (PPARα-RXRα) activation but also regulate distinctive pathways involved in intermediary metabolism. PBDEs uniquely down-regulated GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis, suggesting its role in modifying important pathways involved in intermediary metabolism such as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, we provide strong evidence that PBDEs regulate both PCGs and lncRNAs in a PXR/CAR ligand-dependent and independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Cindy Yanfei Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Edward J. Kelly
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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Liang S, Liang S, Yin N, Faiola F. Establishment of a human embryonic stem cell-based liver differentiation model for hepatotoxicity evaluations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:353-362. [PMID: 30849655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The liver is one of the major targets of hormones, including thyroid hormones (THs), and many industrial chemicals, such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Those compounds may permeate the placenta barrier and pose a risk for embryonic development. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the toxic effects of those kind of industrial chemicals during liver development. In this study, to mimic liver specification in vitro, we differentiated human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into functional hepatocyte-like cells. We performed this differentiation process in presence of two THs, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), with the purpose of identifying biomarkers for toxicity screening. TH exposure (3, 30 and 300 nM) yielded to hepatocytes with impaired glycogen storage ability and abnormal lipid droplets' accumulation. Global gene expression analysis by RNA-seq identified a number of genes responsible for hepatic differentiation and function which were affected by 30 nM T3 and T4. Those differentially expressed genes were used to assess the potential developmental liver toxicity of two famous environmental pollutants, 2, 2, 4, 4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), at 10 nM to 1 μM treatments. Our findings demonstrate that BDE-47 and BDE-209, dysregulated pathways such as "chemical carcinogenesis", "steroid hormone biosynthesis" and "drug metabolism-cytochrome P450". Moreover, we were able to identify a set of 17 biomarkers, very useful to predict the potential developmental hepatotoxicity of industrial chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaojun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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20
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Cetin B, Yurdakul S, Odabasi M. Spatio-temporal variations of atmospheric and soil polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in highly industrialized region of Dilovasi. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 646:1164-1171. [PMID: 30235602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated in ambient air of a highly industrialized region at 23 different sampling sites for 12 months. Total concentrations of 8 PBDE congeners (Σ8PBDE) were found to be between 5.73 and 520 pg m-3 (94.7 ± 78.9; average ± SD) and BDE-209 was the predominant congener, followed by BDE-47 and/or BDE-99. Their contributions to Σ8PBDE were 71 ± 13, 9 ± 4% and 8 ± 4%; respectively. Compared to previous studies around the world, high concentrations detected in Dilovasi demonstrated the severity of atmospheric PBDE pollution in the area. For all sampling sites, average PBDE concentration obtained in summer (118.5 ± 98.7 pg m-3) was higher than one found in winter period (79.7 ± 59.1 pg m-3) and this seasonal difference was more obvious in industrial/urban sites (p < 0.05), probably due to enhanced volatilization from ongoing PBDE sources such as waste incineration and iron-steel plants. The soil-air exchange tendencies of PBDEs did not show substantial differences between the sampling periods with small variations for each congener. All congeners either tend to deposit to soil or to be within the equilibrium range for all seasons. This reflects the impact of local ongoing sources rather than temperature on the direction of soil-air exchange of PBDEs in this region. Specific congener ratios such as BDE-47/-99 and -99/-100 confirmed the impact of local sources rather than long-range transport on PBDE congeners in the study area. According to the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) results, the BDE-209 content of the first factor was found to be 91.7% and this factor was attributed to the deca-BDE technical formulations. The second factor was highly rich with both BDE-183 (%61) and BDE-28 (%52) and identified as octa-BDE technical products. The last factor was highly loaded with BDE-99, BDE-47, BDE-100, BDE-154 and BDE-153 and has been determined as the penta-BDE commercial formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Cetin
- Environmental Engineering Department, Gebze Technical University (GTU), 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Sema Yurdakul
- Environmental Engineering Department, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Odabasi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160 Buca, Izmir, Turkey
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21
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Miguel V, Cui JY, Daimiel L, Espinosa-Díez C, Fernández-Hernando C, Kavanagh TJ, Lamas S. The Role of MicroRNAs in Environmental Risk Factors, Noise-Induced Hearing Loss, and Mental Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:773-796. [PMID: 28562070 PMCID: PMC5911706 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression and define part of the epigenetic signature. Their influence on every realm of biomedicine is established and progressively increasing. The impact of environment on human health is enormous. Among environmental risk factors impinging on quality of life are those of chemical nature (toxic chemicals, heavy metals, pollutants, and pesticides) as well as those related to everyday life such as exposure to noise or mental and psychosocial stress. Recent Advances: This review elaborates on the relationship between miRNAs and these environmental risk factors. CRITICAL ISSUES The most relevant facts underlying the role of miRNAs in the response to these environmental stressors, including redox regulatory changes and oxidative stress, are highlighted and discussed. In the cases wherein miRNA mutations are relevant for this response, the pertinent literature is also reviewed. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We conclude that, even though in some cases important advances have been made regarding close correlations between specific miRNAs and biological responses to environmental risk factors, a need for prospective large-cohort studies is likely necessary to establish causative roles. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 773-796.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Miguel
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- 2 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- 3 Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados-Alimentación (IMDEA-Food) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Espinosa-Díez
- 4 Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University , Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Terrance J Kavanagh
- 2 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Santiago Lamas
- 1 Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
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22
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Milovanovic V, Buha A, Matovic V, Curcic M, Vucinic S, Nakano T, Antonijevic B. Oxidative stress and renal toxicity after subacute exposure to decabrominated diphenyl ether in Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:7223-7230. [PMID: 26676538 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fully brominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a flame retardant widely used in plastics and textiles. Because of its high persistence, humans are exposed to it continuously, mainly via dust ingestion. We investigated effects of BDE-209 on renal function and oxidative stress development in the kidney after subacute exposure in rats. Five groups of animals were given by oral gavage 31.25-500 mg BDE-209/kg b.w./day for 28 days, and relative kidney weight, serum urea and creatinine, and oxidative stress parameters in the kidney were determined. Benchmark-dose approach was used for dose response modeling. Serum creatinine was increased, while results obtained for serum urea were inconclusive. Relative kidney weight was not affected by BDE-209. Kidney reduced glutathione was elevated, while superoxide dismutase activity was not changed after BDE-209 treatment. Also, levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were increased and total -SH groups were decreased, which indicated oxidative imbalance. The critical effect dose (CED)/CEDL ratios for the effects on TBARS and total -SH groups indicated estimated CEDs for these markers can be used in risk assessment of BDE-209. Our study results have shown that a relatively low dose of BDE-209 affects kidney function and that oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms of its nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Milovanovic
- Chemicals Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Environmental Protection of Republic of Serbia, Omladinskih brigada 1, 11070, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Buha
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatovic", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Matovic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatovic", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Curcic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatovic", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Vucinic
- National Poison Control Center, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Takeshi Nakano
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-4, Suita, Japan
| | - Biljana Antonijevic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatovic", University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
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23
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Mucio-Ramírez S, Sánchez-Islas E, Sánchez-Jaramillo E, Currás-Collazo M, Juárez-González VR, Álvarez-González MY, Orser LE, Hou B, Pellicer F, Kodavanti PRS, León-Olea M. Perinatal exposure to organohalogen pollutants decreases vasopressin content and its mRNA expression in magnocellular neuroendocrine cells activated by osmotic stress in adult rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 329:173-189. [PMID: 28579251 PMCID: PMC5996972 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are environmental pollutants that produce neurotoxicity and neuroendocrine disruption. They affect the vasopressinergic system but their disruptive mechanisms are not well understood. Our group reported that rats perinatally exposed to Aroclor-1254 (A1254) and DE-71 (commercial mixtures of PCBs and PBDEs) decrease somatodendritic vasopressin (AVP) release while increasing plasma AVP responses to osmotic activation, potentially emptying AVP reserves required for body-water balance. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of perinatal exposure to A1254 or DE-71 (30mgkg/day) on AVP transcription and protein content in the paraventricular and supraoptic hypothalamic nuclei, of male and female rats, by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. cFOS mRNA expression was evaluated in order to determine neuroendocrine cells activation due to osmotic stimulation. Animal groups were: vehicle (control); exposed to either A1254 or DE-71; both, control and exposed, subjected to osmotic challenge. The results confirmed a physiological increase in AVP-immunoreactivity (AVP-IR) and gene expression in response to osmotic challenge as reported elsewhere. In contrast, the exposed groups did not show this response to osmotic activation, they showed significant reduction in AVP-IR neurons, and AVP mRNA expression as compared to the hyperosmotic controls. cFOS mRNA expression increased in A1254 dehydrated groups, suggesting that the AVP-IR decrease was not due to a lack of the response to the osmotic activation. Therefore, A1254 may interfere with the activation of AVP mRNA transcript levels and protein, causing a central dysfunction of vasopressinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mucio-Ramírez
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, México D.F. C.P. 14370, México.
| | - Eduardo Sánchez-Islas
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, México D.F. C.P. 14370, México.
| | - Edith Sánchez-Jaramillo
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología Molecular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco. México D.F. C.P. 14370, México.
| | - Margarita Currás-Collazo
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Victor R Juárez-González
- Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - Mhar Y Álvarez-González
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, México D.F. C.P. 14370, México.
| | - L E Orser
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Borin Hou
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Francisco Pellicer
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz. Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, México D.F. C.P. 14370, México.
| | - Prasada Rao S Kodavanti
- Neurotoxicology Branch, Toxicity Assessment Division, NHEERL/ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Martha León-Olea
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, México D.F. C.P. 14370, México.
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24
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Yin J, Liu S, Yu J, Wu B. Differential toxicity of arsenic on renal oxidative damage and urinary metabolic profiles in normal and diabetic mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:17485-17492. [PMID: 28593546 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a common metabolic disease, which might influence susceptibility of the kidney to arsenic toxicity. However, relative report is limited. In this study, we compared the influence of inorganic arsenic (iAs) on renal oxidative damage and urinary metabolic profiles of normal and diabetic mice. Results showed that iAs exposure increased renal lipid peroxidation in diabetic mice and oxidative DNA damage in normal mice, meaning different effects of iAs exposure on normal and diabetic individuals. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolome analyses found that diabetes significantly changed urinary metabolic profiles of mice. Oxidative stress-related metabolites, such as arginine, glutamine, methionine, and β-hydroxybutyrate, were found to be changed in diabetic mice. The iAs exposure altered amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy metabolism in normal and diabetic mice, but had higher influence on metabolic profiles of diabetic mice than normal mice, especially for oxidative stress-related metabolites and metabolisms. Above results indicate that diabetes increased susceptibility to iAs exposure. This study provides basic information on differential toxicity of iAs on renal toxicity and urinary metabolic profiles in normal and diabetic mice and suggests that diabetic individuals should be considered as susceptible population in toxicity assessment of arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Campus, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Campus, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Campus, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Campus, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Distribution of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Sewage Sludge, Sediments, and Fish from Latvia. ENVIRONMENTS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/environments4010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Deng Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Lu K, Bai H, Ren H. Metabolomics evaluation of the in vivo toxicity of bromoacetonitriles: One class of high-risk nitrogenous disinfection byproducts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:107-114. [PMID: 27866740 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bromoacetonitriles (BANs), one class of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs), have frequently been detected in drinking water. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of BANs have been demonstrated in mammalian cells. However, a systematic study of the in vivo toxicity of BANs is rare. In this study, metabolomics combined with histopathology and oxidative stress analysis were used to evaluate the toxicity of BANs in mice. The results indicated that BAN exposure induced liver and kidney injury in mice. Furthermore, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities decreased, and the level of malonaldehyde (MDA) increased in mice livers due to BANs exposure, which indicated that hepatic oxidative stress was induced. These toxicities increased with an increasing number of bromine at the α carbon. In addition, BAN exposure disrupted the metabolic pathways of amino acid, energy and lipid metabolism in mice. Our results provide evidence for the comprehensive omics endpoints of the in vivo toxicity of BANs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Yifeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Kai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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27
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Marasco V, Costantini D. Signaling in a Polluted World: Oxidative Stress as an Overlooked Mechanism Linking Contaminants to Animal Communication. Front Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2016.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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28
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Besis A, Voutsa D, Samara C. Atmospheric occurrence and gas-particle partitioning of PBDEs at industrial, urban and suburban sites of Thessaloniki, northern Greece: Implications for human health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 215:113-124. [PMID: 27179330 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Air samples were collected during the cold and the warm period of the year 2012 and 2013 at three sites in the major Thessaloniki area, northern Greece (urban-industrial, urban-traffic and urban-background) in order to evaluate the occurrence, profiles, seasonal variation and gas/particle partitioning of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The mean total concentrations of particle phase ∑12PBDE in the cold season were 28.7, 19.5 and 3.87 pg m(-3) at the industrial, urban-traffic and urban-background site, respectively, dropping slightly in the warm season (23.7, 17.5 and 3.14 pg m(-3)), respectively. The corresponding levels of gas-phase ∑12PBDE were 14.4, 7.15 and 4.73 pg m(-3) in the cold season and 21.2, 11.1 and 6.27 pg m(-3) in the warm season, respectively. In all samples, BDE-47 and BDE-99 were the dominant congeners. Absorption of PBDEs in the organic matter of particles appeared to drive their gas/particle partitioning, particularly in the cold season. The estimated average outdoor workday inhalation exposure to ∑12PBDE in the cold and the warm period followed the order: industrial site (288 and 299 pg day(-1)) > urban-traffic site (178 and 191 pg day(-1)) > urban-background site (58 and 63 pg day(-1)). The exposures to BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153 and ∑3PBDE via inhalation, for children outdoor worker and seniors were several orders of magnitude lower than their corresponding oral RfD values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Besis
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Voutsa
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Constantini Samara
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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29
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Souza AO, Tasso MJ, Oliveira AMC, Pereira LC, Duarte FV, Oliveira DP, Palmeira CM, Dorta DJ. Evaluation of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Toxicity on HepG2 Cells - Hexabrominated Congener (BDE-154) Is Less Toxic than Tetrabrominated Congener (BDE-47). Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 119:485-497. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alecsandra O. Souza
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Philosophy; Sciences and Languages of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Maria J. Tasso
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Philosophy; Sciences and Languages of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Alana M. C. Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Philosophy; Sciences and Languages of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Lilian C. Pereira
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicological and Bromatological; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Filipe V. Duarte
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
| | - Danielle P. Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicological and Bromatological; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Carlos M. Palmeira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
| | - Daniel J. Dorta
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Philosophy; Sciences and Languages of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
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Baldassin P, Taniguchi S, Gallo H, Maranho A, Kolesnikovas C, Amorim DB, Mansilla M, Navarro RM, Tabeira LC, Bicego MC, Montone RC, Mauricio T. Persistent organic pollutants in juvenile Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) in South America. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 149:391-399. [PMID: 26881336 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Magellanic penguins, Spheniscus magellanicus, are the most abundant penguins living in temperate regions of South America and are good indicators of environmental pollution in the region. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were detected in the liver of Magellanic penguins found debilitated or dead on the beaches of Brazil (states of Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) between 2008 and 2012 as well as in Uruguay and Chile in 2011. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were more prevalent than organochlorine pesticides (DDTs ∼ HCB ∼ Drins) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Among PCBs, penta-, hexa- and hepta-chlorinated congeners were predominant. Concentrations of POPs were similar between the Pacific and Atlantic penguin populations, except for PCBs, which were relatively higher in the Pacific population. During the study years (2008-2012), large variations were found in organochlorine pesticides and PCBs tended to decline. Overall, the southern portion of South America has low concentrations of POPs, with either a constant trend or evidence of decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Baldassin
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, IO-USP, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil.
| | - S Taniguchi
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, IO-USP, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - H Gallo
- Instituto Argonauta para a Conservação Costeira e Marinha, Rua Guarani, 835, Ubatuba, SP, Cep: 11680-000, Brazil; Aquário de Ubatuba, Rua Guarani, 859, Ubatuba, SP, CEP: 11680-000 Brazil
| | - A Maranho
- Instituto Gremar, Av. Oswaldo Cruz, 1412, Guarujá, SP, CEP 11460-10, Brazil
| | - C Kolesnikovas
- Associação R3 Animal, Rua dos Coroas, 469 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - D B Amorim
- Centro de Estudos Costeiros, Limnológicos e Marinhos, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (CECLIMAR/IB/UFRGS) e Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul (GEMARS), Av. Tramandaí, 976, CEP: 95625-000, Imbé, RS, Brazil
| | - M Mansilla
- Universidad San Sebastián, Campus Tres Pascualas Concepción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Concepción, Chile
| | - R M Navarro
- Natura Patagonia, Centro de rehabilitación leñadura, Kilometro 7 Sur, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - L C Tabeira
- Sociedad para la Conservacion de la Biodiversidad de Maldonado (SOCOBIOMA), Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - M C Bicego
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, IO-USP, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - R C Montone
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, IO-USP, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
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Chou HL, Hwa MY, Lee YC, Chang YJ, Chang YT. Microbial degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDE) in soil slurry microcosms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5255-5267. [PMID: 26561328 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDE), which has been identified as an endocrine disrupting compound, is used as brominated flame retardant, and this can result in serious bioaccumulation within ecological systems. The objective of this study was to explore DBDE bioremediation (25 mg/kg) using laboratory scale soil slurry microcosms. It was found that effective biodegradation of DBDE occurred in all microcosms. Various biometabolites were identified, namely polybrominated diphenyl ethers congeners and hydroxylated brominated diphenyl ether. Reductive debrominated products such as tri-BDE to hepta-BDE congeners were also detected, and their total concentrations ranged from 77.83 to 91.07 ng/g. The mechanism of DBDE biodegradation in soil slurry microcosms is proposed to consist of a series of biological reactions involving hydroxylation and debromination. Catechol 2,3-oxygenase genes, which are able to bring about meta-cleavage at specific unbrominated locations in carbon backbones, were identified as present during the DBDE biodegradation. No obvious effect on the ecological functional potential based on community-level physiological profiling was observed during DBDE biodegradation, and one major facultative Pseudomonas sp. (99 % similarity) was identified in the various soil slurry microcosms. These findings provide an important basis that should help environmental engineers to design future DBDE bioremediation systems that use a practical microcosm system. A bacterial-mixed culture can be selected as part of the bioaugmentation process for in situ DBDE bioremediation. A soil/water microcosm system can be successfully applied to carry out ex situ DBDE bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Ling Chou
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Shinlin, Taipei, 11102, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yin Hwa
- Department of Environmental Engineering, TunNang University, Shenkeng, New Taipei, 22202, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chuan Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, TunNang University, Shenkeng, New Taipei, 22202, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jie Chang
- Department of Earth and Life Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, 11048, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tang Chang
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Shinlin, Taipei, 11102, Taiwan.
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Hirsch C, Striegl B, Mathes S, Adlhart C, Edelmann M, Bono E, Gaan S, Salmeia KA, Hoelting L, Krebs A, Nyffeler J, Pape R, Bürkle A, Leist M, Wick P, Schildknecht S. Multiparameter toxicity assessment of novel DOPO-derived organophosphorus flame retardants. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:407-425. [PMID: 26928308 PMCID: PMC5225203 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Halogen-free organophosphorus flame retardants are considered as replacements for the phased-out class of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). However, toxicological information on new flame retardants is still limited. Based on their excellent flame retardation potential, we have selected three novel 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivatives and assessed their toxicological profile using a battery of in vitro test systems in order to provide toxicological information before their large-scale production and use. PBDE-99, applied as a reference compound, exhibited distinct neuro-selective cytotoxicity at concentrations ≥10 µM. 6-(2-((6-oxido-6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinin-6-yl)amino)ethoxy)-6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide (ETA-DOPO) and 6,6′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxide) (EG-DOPO) displayed adverse effects at concentrations >10 µM in test systems reflecting the properties of human central and peripheral nervous system neurons, as well as in a set of non-neuronal cell types. DOPO and its derivative 6,6′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxide) (EDA-DOPO) were neither neurotoxic, nor did they exhibit an influence on neural crest cell migration, or on the integrity of human skin equivalents. The two compounds furthermore displayed no inflammatory activation potential, nor did they affect algae growth or daphnia viability at concentrations ≤400 µM. Based on the superior flame retardation properties, biophysical features suited for use in polyurethane foams, and low cytotoxicity of EDA-DOPO, our results suggest that it is a candidate for the replacement of currently applied flame retardants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Britta Striegl
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Mathes
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Christian Adlhart
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Michael Edelmann
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Epifania Bono
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Sabyasachi Gaan
- Additives and Chemistry Group, Advanced Fibers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Khalifah A Salmeia
- Additives and Chemistry Group, Advanced Fibers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Hoelting
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alice Krebs
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Johanna Nyffeler
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Regina Pape
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Lefèvre PLC, Berger RG, Ernest SR, Gaertner DW, Rawn DFK, Wade MG, Robaire B, Hales BF. Exposure of Female Rats to an Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Brominated Flame Retardants Targets the Ovary, Affecting Folliculogenesis and Steroidogenesis. Biol Reprod 2015; 94:9. [PMID: 26607716 PMCID: PMC4809562 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.134452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are incorporated into various consumer products to prevent flame propagation. These compounds leach into the domestic environment, resulting in chronic exposure and contamination. Pregnancy failure is associated with high levels of BFRs in human follicular fluid, raising serious questions regarding their impact on female reproductive health. The goal of this study is to elucidate the effects of an environmentally relevant BFR mixture on female rat ovarian functions (i.e., folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis). A BFR dietary mixture formulated to mimic the relative BFR congener levels in North American house dust was administered to adult female Sprague-Dawley rats from 2 to 3 wk before mating until Gestational Day 20; these diets were designed to deliver nominal doses of 0, 0.06, 20, or 60 mg/kg/day of the BFR mixture. Exposure to BFRs triggered an approximately 50% increase in the numbers of preantral and antral follicles and an enlargement of the antral follicles in the ovaries of the dams. A significant reduction in the expression of catalase, an antioxidant enzyme, and downregulation of the expression of insulin-like factor 3 (Insl3) and 17alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp17a1) were observed in the ovary. In addition, BFR exposure affected steroidogenesis; we observed a significant decrease in circulating 17-hydroxypregnenolone and an increase in testosterone concentrations in BFR-exposed dams. Thus, BFRs target ovarian function in the rat, adversely affecting both folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavine L C Lefèvre
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert G Berger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sheila R Ernest
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dean W Gaertner
- Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dorothea F K Rawn
- Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael G Wade
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Radiation and Research Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard Robaire
- Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Barbara F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Kataria A, Trasande L, Trachtman H. The effects of environmental chemicals on renal function. Nat Rev Nephrol 2015; 11:610-25. [PMID: 26100504 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2015.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The global incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing among individuals of all ages. Despite advances in proteomics, genomics and metabolomics, there remains a lack of safe and effective drugs to reverse or stabilize renal function in patients with glomerular or tubulointerstitial causes of CKD. Consequently, modifiable risk factors that are associated with a progressive decline in kidney function need to be identified. Numerous reports have documented the adverse effects that occur in response to graded exposure to a wide range of environmental chemicals. This Review summarizes the effects of such chemicals on four aspects of cardiorenal function: albuminuria, glomerular filtration rate, blood pressure and serum uric acid concentration. We focus on compounds that individuals are likely to be exposed to as a consequence of normal consumer activities or medical treatment, namely phthalates, bisphenol A, polyfluorinated alkyl acids, dioxins and furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls. Environmental exposure to these chemicals during everyday life could have adverse consequences on renal function and might contribute to progressive cumulative renal injury over a lifetime. Regulatory efforts should be made to limit individual exposure to environmental chemicals in an attempt to reduce the incidence of cardiorenal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anglina Kataria
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, Room #733, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, Room #733, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Howard Trachtman
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 227 East 30th Street, Room #733, New York, NY 10016, USA
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BDE-99 (2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether) triggers epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells via PI3K/Akt/Snail signaling pathway. TUMORI JOURNAL 2015; 101:238-45. [PMID: 25908029 DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The gut is in direct contact with BDE-99 (2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether), one of the most abundant PBDE congeners in the environment and in human tissues. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of BDE-99 on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. METHODS The effects of BDE-99 on cell proliferation were measured by CCK-8 assay in the CRC cell line HCT-116. Wound healing and transwell migration/invasion assays were used to test the migration and invasion of CRC cells. Factors related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis for mRNA and protein levels, respectively. RESULTS BDE-99 was found to increase migration and invasion and trigger EMT in HCT-116 cells; EMT was characterized by cells acquiring mesenchymal spindle-like morphology and by increased expression of N-cadherin with a concomitant decrease in E-cadherin. BDE-99 treatment also increased the protein and mRNA levels of the transcription factor Snail, but not Slug, Twist, and ZEB1. Knockdown of Snail by siRNA significantly attenuated BDE-99-induced EMT in HCT-116 cells, suggesting that Snail plays a crucial role in BDE-99-induced EMT. The PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 completely blocked BDE-99-induced Snail and invasion of HCT-116 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that BDE-99 can trigger the EMT of colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT/Snail signaling pathway. This study provides new insight into the tumorigenesis and metastasis of CRC stimulated by BDE-99 and possibly other PBDE congeners.
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Cowens KR, Simpson S, Thomas WK, Carey GB. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE)-Induced Suppression of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PEPCK) Decreases Hepatic Glyceroneogenesis and Disrupts Hepatic Lipid Homeostasis. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2015; 78:1437-49. [PMID: 26692069 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1098580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) are a class of flame-retardant chemicals that leach into the environment and enter the human body. PBDE have been shown to suppress activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), a key enzyme in fatty acid esterification via hepatic glyceroneogenesis. The objective of this investigation was to assess hepatic glyceroneogenesis and lipid metabolism in PBDE-treated rats. Male, weanling Wistar rats were gavaged daily for 28 d with 14 mg/kg body weight of either DE-71, a commercial PBDE mixture (treated), or corn oil (control). After a 48-h fast, rats were euthanized, blood was obtained, and livers were excised. Suppression of hepatic PEPCK activity by 40% was noted. Serum ketone bodies were elevated by 27% in treated rats compared to controls, while hepatic glyceroneogenesis as measured by (14)C-pyruvate incorporation into triglycerides was 41% lower in explants from treated rats compared to controls. Liver lipid content was 29% lower in treated animals compared to controls. Taken together, these findings suggest that DE-71-induced inhibition of hepatic PEPCK activity alters lipid metabolism by redirecting fatty acids away from esterification and storage toward ketone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie R Cowens
- a Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire , USA
| | - Stephen Simpson
- a Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire , USA
| | - W Kelley Thomas
- a Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire , USA
| | - Gale B Carey
- a Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire , USA
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Costa LG, de Laat R, Tagliaferri S, Pellacani C. A mechanistic view of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) developmental neurotoxicity. Toxicol Lett 2014; 230:282-94. [PMID: 24270005 PMCID: PMC4028440 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), extensively used in the past few decades as flame retardants in a variety of consumer products, have become world-wide persistent environmental pollutants. Levels in North America are usually higher than those in Europe and Asia, and body burden is 3-to-9-fold higher in infants and toddlers than in adults. The latter has raised concern for potential developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity of PBDEs. Experimental studies in animals and epidemiological observations in humans suggest that PBDEs may be developmental neurotoxicants. Pre- and/or post-natal exposure to PBDEs may cause long-lasting behavioral abnormalities, particularly in the domains of motor activity and cognition. The mechanisms underlying the developmental neurotoxic effects of PBDEs are not known, though several hypotheses have been put forward. One general mode of action relates to the ability of PBDEs to impair thyroid hormone homeostasis, thus indirectly affecting the developing brain. An alternative or additional mode of action involves a direct effect of PBDEs on nervous system cells; PBDEs can cause oxidative stress-related damage (DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis), and interfere with signal transduction (particularly calcium signaling), and with neurotransmitter systems. Important issues such as bioavailability and metabolism of PBDEs, extrapolation of results to low level of exposures, and the potential effects of interactions among PBDE congeners and between PBDEs and other contaminants also need to be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio G Costa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Rian de Laat
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Eng ML, Elliott JE, Williams TD. An assessment of the developmental toxicity of BDE-99 in the European starling using an integrated laboratory and field approach. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:1505-1516. [PMID: 25081382 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Developmental exposure of wildlife to anthropogenic contaminants can have long-term effects that are difficult to assess in field monitoring studies, and may not be evident in laboratory studies that lack ecological components. The objective of this study was to assess the long-term effects of early exposure to contaminants under ecological conditions in a model passerine species, the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). We selected 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99) as a representative contaminant, as it is one of the major constituents of the commercial penta-BDE flame retardant mixture, and has been reported in avian egg and tissue samples worldwide. We developed a novel approach to assess the developmental toxicity of BDE-99 in starlings by combining aspects of laboratory and field studies. We dosed free-living nestlings living in natural broods in the field with environmentally relevant concentrations of BDE-99 (0-173.8 ng/g bw/day) for the duration of the nesting cycle. To simulate monitoring of long-term effects we brought birds into captivity just prior to fledging and used photoperiod manipulations to induce reproductive development. We assessed a range of physiological and development measures such as hematocrit, oxidative stress, thyroid hormones, neuroanatomy, growth, molt rate, bill color, and testes development. We found some evidence of thyroid hormone disruption, but there were no effects on any other measures of physiology or development. The European starling could serve as a valuable model species for assessing early exposure and long-term effects of anthropogenic contaminants in terrestrial wildlife using this combined field/laboratory approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Eng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada,
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Zhao W, Cheng J, Gu J, Liu Y, Fujimura M, Wang W. Assessment of neurotoxic effects and brain region distribution in rat offspring prenatally co-exposed to low doses of BDE-99 and methylmercury. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 112:170-6. [PMID: 25048903 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ether (PDBE) and methylmercury (MeHg) can occur simultaneously as both contaminants are found in the same food sources, especially fish, seafood, marine mammals and milk. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of exposure to low levels of MeHg (2.0 μg mL(-1) in drinking water) and BDE-99 (0.2 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) from gestational day 6 to postnatal day (PND) 21, alone and in combination, on neurobehavioral development and redox responses in offspring. The present study demonstrated an interaction due to co-exposure with low doses of MeHg and BDE-99 enhanced developmental neurotoxic effects. These effects were manifested as the delayed appearance of negative geotaxis reflexes, impaired motor coordination, and induction of oxidative stress in the cerebellum. In particular, the cerebellum may be a sensitive target for combined MeHg and BDE-99 toxicity. The neurotoxicity of low dose MeHg was exacerbated by the presence of low dose of BDE-99. It is concluded that prenatal co-exposure to MeHg and BDE-99 causes oxidative stress in the cerebellum of offspring by altering the activity of different antioxidant enzymes and producing free radicals. Hg retention was not affected by co-exposure to BDE-99. However, MeHg co-exposure seemed to increase BDE-99 concentrations in selected brain regions in pups compared to pups exposed to BDE-99 only. These results showed that the adverse effects following prenatal co-exposure to MeHg and BDE-99 were associated with tissue concentrations very close to the current human body burden of this persistent bioaccumulative compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchang Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Jinping Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jinmin Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Masatake Fujimura
- Department of Basic Medical Science, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Minamata, Kumamoto 867-0008, Japan
| | - Wenhua Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Wang Y, Zhu H, Tam NFY. Effect of a polybrominated diphenyl ether congener (BDE-47) on growth and antioxidative enzymes of two mangrove plant species, Kandelia obovata and Avicennia marina, in South China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 85:376-384. [PMID: 24631399 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of BDE-47 on the growth and antioxidative responses of the seedlings of Kandelia obovata (Ko) and Avicennia marina (Am) were compared in an 8-week hydroponic culture spiked with different levels of BDE-47, 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 mg l(-1). The two highest BDE-47 levels significantly suppressed the growth and increased the activities of three antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), of Ko in week 1. However, SOD and POD activities at high levels of BDE-47 became lower than the control in week 8. On the contrary, growth of Am was not affected at all contamination levels, and the activities of three enzymes were enhanced by BDE-47 in weeks 1 and 4, but such stimulatory effect became insignificant in week 8. Avicennia was more tolerant to BDE-47 toxicity than Kandelia, as its antioxidative enzymes could better counter-balance the oxidative stress caused by BDE-47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Haowen Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Nora Fung Yee Tam
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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41
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Ge J, Yun X, Liu M, Yang Y, Zhang M, Wang J. Distribution, potential source and ecotoxicological risk of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the surface water of the Three Gorges Dam region of the Yangtze River, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:978-987. [PMID: 24748369 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Distributions, potential sources and ecotoxicological risks of PCBs and PBDEs in surface water of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) region (Yangtze River, China) were investigated. Samples were collected from 18 sites from upstream (UTGD) and downstream (DTGD) of the TGD. Thirty-two PCBs and ten PBDEs were analyzed. ΣPCBs from the UTGD and DTGD ranged from 10.6 to 26.1 and 1.7 to 29.8 ng L(-1), respectively. ΣPBDEs from the UTGD and DTGD ranged from 2.0 to 17.6 and 0.8 to 11.1 ng L(-1), respectively. The total concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs showed a declining trend from the UTGD to DTGD. Independent-samples t test analysis showed no statistical significance of ΣPCBs and ΣPBDEs between the UTGD and DTGD samples. Principal component analysis indicated the difference of potential sources and levels of PCBs and PBDEs in the study area. The potential eco-toxicological risk of PCBs in surface water of the TGD region is very low, whereas special attention needs to be paid to PBDEs in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ge
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Deng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Wu B, Ding L, Xu K, Ren H. Mice in vivo toxicity studies for monohaloacetamides emerging disinfection byproducts based on metabolomic methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:8212-8218. [PMID: 24941154 DOI: 10.1021/es502010v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Haloacetamides (HAcAms) as a new class of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) have been widely detected in drinking water and reclaimed water. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of monoHAcAms are determined by the leaving tendency of the halogens and decrease following a rank order of iodoacetamide (IAcAm)>bromoacetamide (BAcAm)≫chloroacetamide (CAcAm). However, the in vivo toxicity date for monoHAcAms is limited. In this study, hepatic oxidative stress and metabolomics responses in mice corresponding to monoHAcAms exposure were investigated. Exposure to the monoHAcAms decreased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and increased the level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), indicating that each exposure generated oxidative stress in mice liver. Metabolomic alterations were also induced by each monoHAcAms exposure. In addition, disruptions of metabolic pathways, related to amino acid, energy and lipid metabolism, were identified based on the significantly changed metabolites. These data, for the first time, provide a comprehensive view for the toxic effects of monoHAcAms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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Ge J, Liu M, Yun X, Yang Y, Zhang M, Li QX, Wang J. Occurrence, distribution and seasonal variations of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in surface waters of the East Lake, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 103:256-262. [PMID: 24387912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the surface water of the East Lake, China were investigated in winter (2012) and summer (2013). A hundred and eight samples were collected from 36 sampling sites and analyzed for the 31 PCB and 10 PBDE congeners. Concentrations of both PCBs and PBDEs showed obvious seasonal variations. The average PCB concentrations in the East Lake ranged from 3.17 to 6.09 ng L(-1) in winter and 0.19 to 0.99 ng L(-1) in summer. CB-44, 105, 118 and 179 were dominant in both winter and summer. The average PBDE concentrations in the East Lake ranged from 2.92 to 5.54 ng L(-1) in winter and 0.67 to 1.51 ng L(-1) in summer. BDE-47 was predominant in both winter and summer, which accounted for more than 37% of the total PBDEs concentration from all sampling sites. Independent-Samples t-test showed statistical significance of ΣPCBs and ΣPBDEs between winter and summer samples. The analysis of distribution, pattern and seasonal variations indicated the different potential sources of PCBs and PBDEs in the East Lake. The potential eco-toxicological risk was also discussed in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ge
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yun
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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44
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Zhang X, Feng M, Liu F, Qin L, Qu R, Li D, Wang Z. Subacute oral toxicity of BDE-15, CDE-15, and HODE-15 in ICR male mice: assessing effects on hepatic oxidative stress and metals status and ascertaining the protective role of vitamin E. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:1924-1935. [PMID: 24006159 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of oral exposure of 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether (BDE-15), 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl ether (CDE-15), and 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether (HODE-15) on hepatic oxidative stress (OS) and metal status in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) male mice. Furthermore, the role of vitamin E in ameliorating potential OS caused by BDE-15, CDE-15, and HODE-15 was investigated. Three groups of mice were exposed to 1.20 mg/kg(body weight)/day of each of the three toxicants for 28 days. Results showed that none of the three toxicants altered growth rates of mice, but significantly increased (P<0.05) relative liver weights and decreased relative kidney weights. Pathological changes including cell swelling, inflammation and vacuolization, and hepatocellular hypertrophy in livers were observed. Significant decreases (P<0.05 and P<0.01) in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and glutathione (GSH) levels, together with increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) content were recorded in all toxicant-treated groups. Hepatic copper levels increased in all toxicant-treated groups. Hepatic zinc levels decreased in the liver of BDE-15-treated mice, whereas they increased in the livers of CDE-15-treated and HODE-15-treated mice. In conclusion, daily exposure to the three toxicants perturbed metal homeostasis and increased OS in mouse liver. Experimental data indicated the hepatic oxidative toxicity of the three toxicants followed the order BDE-15<HODE-15<CDE-15. Moreover, the study proved that daily supplementation of 50 mg/kg vitamin E is effective to ameliorate the hepatic OS status and metal disturbance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruijuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dinglong Li
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Zunyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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45
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Zhao X, Wang S, Li D, You H, Ren X. Effects of perchlorate on BDE-47-induced alteration thyroid hormone and gene expression of in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in zebrafish larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:1176-1185. [PMID: 24177579 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of perchlorate on thyroid hormone disturbances induced by 2,2',4',4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) via thyroid hormone (TH)-mediated pathways, zebrafish embryos were exposed to a combination of BDE-47 and PER from the time of fertilisation to 14 d (dpf). The whole-body content of TH and the expression of genes and proteins related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis were analysed. Co-exposure to BDE-47 and PER decreased the body weight and increased malformation rates relative to the effects of exposure to only BDE-47. Compared with the exposure to BDE-47 alone, the exposure to a combination of BDE-47 (10 μg/L) and PER (3.5 mg/L) significantly up-regulated the expression of genes involved in TH synthesis (NIS and Nkx2.1a) and significantly down-regulated the expression of genes related to the regulation of the HPT axis (CRH and TSHβ). The expression of TG at the gene and protein levels was significantly up-regulated, but the expression of TTR was significantly down-regulated in the co-exposures relative to BDE-47 treated alone. In addition, the larger reduction in the T4 level resulting from exposure to the mixture of BDE-47 and PER demonstrated that PER enhanced the thyroid-disruptive effects of BDE-47. These results help to elucidate the complicated chemical interactions and the molecular mechanism of action of these two TH disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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46
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Williams TD, Diab AM, Gubbins M, Collins C, Matejusova I, Kerr R, Chipman JK, Kuiper R, Vethaak AD, George SG. Transcriptomic responses of European flounder (Platichthys flesus) liver to a brominated flame retardant mixture. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 142-143:45-52. [PMID: 23948077 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Male European flounder (Platichthys flesus) were exposed to a technical mixture of brominated diphenyl ethers (PDBEs, DE-71, Pentamix) that had been purified to remove contaminating dioxins. Controls were exposed to carrier solvent alone. Fish were exposed to decadally increasing concentrations of Pentamix via both sediment and spiked food. The GENIPOL P. flesus cDNA microarray, differentially expressed gene profiling (DEG) and quantitative PCR were employed to detect hepatic transcriptional differences between exposed fish and controls. Gene transcriptional changes were more sensitive to Pentamix exposure than biomarkers measured previously. Pentamix exposure induced transcripts coding for enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism (CYP1A, aldo-keto reductases) and elicited endocrine disruption (vitellogenin and thyroid hormone receptor alpha), with effects on CYP1A and VTG occurring at the highest exposure. Ontology analysis clearly showed dose-responsive changes indicative of oxidative stress, induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. We conclude that exposure to PBDEs in both sediment and food has a significant adverse effect on a broad range of crucial biochemical processes in the livers of this widely distributed estuarine fish species, the flounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim D Williams
- School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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47
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Rattner BA, Lazarus RS, Heinz GH, Karouna-Renier NK, Schultz SL, Hale RC. Comparative embryotoxicity of a pentabrominated diphenyl ether mixture to common terns (Sterna hirundo) and American kestrels (Falco sparverius). CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:441-447. [PMID: 23769465 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri) eggs from San Francisco Bay have been reported to range up to 63μgg(-1) lipid weight. This value exceeds the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (1.8μgg(-1) egg wet weight; ∼32μg(-1) lipid weight) reported in an embryotoxicity study with American kestrels (Falco sparverius). As a surrogate for Forster's terns, common tern (Sterna hirundo) eggs were treated by air cell injection with corn oil vehicle (control) or a commercial penta-BDE formulation (DE-71) at nominal concentrations of 0.2, 2, and 20μgg(-1) egg. As a positive control, kestrel eggs received vehicle or 20μg DE-71g(-1) egg. In terns, there were no effects of DE-71 on embryonic survival, and pipping or hatching success; however, treated eggs hatched later (0.44d) than controls. Organ weights, organ-to-body weight ratios, and bone lengths did not differ, and histopathological observations were unremarkable. Several measures of hepatic oxidative stress in hatchling terns were not affected by DE-71, although there was some evidence of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine; 8-OH-dG). Although DE-71 did not impair pipping and hatching of kestrels, it did result in a delay in hatch, shorter humerus length, and reduced total thyroid weight. Concentrations of oxidized glutathione, reduced glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and 8-OH-dG in liver were greater in DE-71-treated kestrels compared to controls. Our findings suggest common tern embryos, and perhaps other tern species, are less sensitive to PBDEs than kestrel embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnett A Rattner
- Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, US Geological Survey, c/o BARC-East, Building 308, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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48
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Abstract
In the current study, two of the most environmentally relevant Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were individually evaluated for toxic effects on rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. The results showed that the life span declined significantly in all treatment groups (0.05mg/L, 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L BDE-47 and BDE-209) compared to the control, and BDE-47 caused significant decrease compared to BDE-209 at 0.2mg/L treatment group. Significant increases of intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurred in all treatment groups except for 0.05mg/L BDE-209 treatment group compared to the control, and significant increases were observed in all BDE-47 treatment groups compared to the equivalent treatment groups of BDE-209. Meanwhile significant increases of intracellular calcium levels ([Ca2+]in) occurred in 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L BDE-47 and 0.2mg/L BDE-209 treatment groups compared to the control, and BDE-47 cause significant increase compared to BDE-209 at 0.2mg/L treatment group. The present study demonstrated that life span, ROS and Ca2+ were involved in PBDEs toxic effects, and toxicities of BDE-47 were higher than BDE-209. Otherwise, the toxic effects in both BDE-47 and BDE-209 were similar, which suggest that the toxic effects of two PBDEs congeners may be caused by the same toxic mechanism of action.
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Shi J, Feng M, Zhang X, Wei Z, Wang Z. Acute oral toxicity and liver oxidant/antioxidant stress of halogenated benzene, phenol, and diphenyl ether in mice: a comparative and mechanism exploration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:6138-6149. [PMID: 23546852 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The lethal doses (LD50s) of fluorinated, chlorinated, brominated, and iodinated benzene, phenol, and diphenyl ether in mice were ascertained respectively under the consistent condition. The acute toxicity of four benzenes orders in fluorobenzene (FB) < iodobenzene < chlorobenzene≈bromobenzene, that of four phenols orders in 4-iodophenol≈4-bromophenol < 4-chlorophenol (4-MCP) < 4-fluorophenol (4-MFP), and that of four diphenyl ethers orders in 4,4'-iododiphenyl ether < 4,4'-difluorodiphenyl ether < 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl ether≈4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether. General behavior adverse effects were observed, and poisoned mouse were dissected to observe visceral lesions. FB, 4-MCP, and 4-MFP produced toxic faster than other halogenated benzenes and phenols, as they had lower octanol-water partition coefficients. Pathological changes in liver and liver/kidney weight changes were also observed. Hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase activities, and malondialdehyde level were tested after a 28-day exposure, which reflects a toxicity order basically consistent with that reflected by the LD50s. By theoretical calculation and building models, the toxicity of benzene, phenol, and diphenyl ether were influenced by different structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
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50
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Eng ML, Williams TD, Elliott JE. Developmental exposure to a brominated flame retardant: an assessment of effects on physiology, growth, and reproduction in a songbird, the zebra finch. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 178:343-349. [PMID: 23603472 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mixtures of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been widely used as additive flame retardants, and BDE-99 is one of the most predominant congeners found in the environment. BDE-99 has been reported in avian samples worldwide, yet knowledge of its toxicity to birds is minimal. We assessed the short- and long-term effects of nestling exposure to environmentally relevant levels of BDE-99 in a model passerine, the zebra finch. Early exposure to BDE-99 did not affect hematocrit, oxidative stress, or thyroid hormones in either the juvenile or adult stages, and there were no effects on chick growth or survival. BDE-99 exposure caused a dose-dependent delay in timing of reproduction, but there were no other effects on reproductive success. In zebra finches, endpoints related to reproductive behavior appear to be the most sensitive to BDE-99. However, passerines overall appear to be less sensitive than birds of prey or mammals to PBDE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Eng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
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