1
|
Adegbola PI, Adetutu A. Genetic and epigenetic modulations in toxicity: The two-sided roles of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the environment. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:502-519. [PMID: 38774476 PMCID: PMC11106787 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study emphasizes the importance of considering the metabolic and toxicity mechanisms of environmental concern chemicals in real-life exposure scenarios. Furthermore, environmental chemicals may require metabolic activation to become toxic, and competition for binding sites on receptors can affect the severity of toxicity. The multicomplex process of chemical toxicity is reflected in the activation of multiple pathways during toxicity of which AhR activation is major. Real-life exposure to a mixture of concern chemicals is common, and the composition of these chemicals determines the severity of toxicity. Nutritional essential elements can mitigate the toxicity of toxic heavy metals, while the types and ratio of composition of PAH can either increase or decrease toxicity. The epigenetic mechanisms of heavy metals and PAH toxicity involves either down-regulation or up-regulation of some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) whereas specific small RNAs (sRNAs) may have dual role depending on the tissue and circumstance of expression. Similarly, decrease DNA methylation and histone modification are major players in heavy metals and PAH mediated toxicity and FLT1 hypermethylation is a major process in PAH induced carcinogenesis. Overall, this review provides the understanding of the metabolism of environmental concern chemicals, emphasizing the importance of considering mixed compositions and real-life exposure scenarios in assessing their potential effects on human health and diseases development as well as the dual mechanism of toxicity via genetic or epigenetic axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, First Technical University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adewale Adetutu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fansher D, Besna JN, Fendri A, Pelletier JN. Choose Your Own Adventure: A Comprehensive Database of Reactions Catalyzed by Cytochrome P450 BM3 Variants. ACS Catal 2024; 14:5560-5592. [PMID: 38660610 PMCID: PMC11036407 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 BM3 monooxygenase is the topic of extensive research as many researchers have evolved this enzyme to generate a variety of products. However, the abundance of information on increasingly diversified variants of P450 BM3 that catalyze a broad array of chemistry is not in a format that enables easy extraction and interpretation. We present a database that categorizes variants by their catalyzed reactions and includes details about substrates to provide reaction context. This database of >1500 P450 BM3 variants is downloadable and machine-readable and includes instructions to maximize ease of gathering information. The database allows rapid identification of commonly reported substitutions, aiding researchers who are unfamiliar with the enzyme in identifying starting points for enzyme engineering. For those actively engaged in engineering P450 BM3, the database, along with this review, provides a powerful and user-friendly platform to understand, predict, and identify the attributes of P450 BM3 variants, encouraging the further engineering of this enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas
J. Fansher
- Chemistry
Department, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada H2V 0B3
- PROTEO,
The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering,
and Applications, 201
Av. du Président-Kennedy, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3Y7
- CGCC,
Center in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Montreal, QC, Canada H2V 0B3
| | - Jonathan N. Besna
- PROTEO,
The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering,
and Applications, 201
Av. du Président-Kennedy, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3Y7
- CGCC,
Center in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Montreal, QC, Canada H2V 0B3
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
| | - Ali Fendri
- Chemistry
Department, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada H2V 0B3
- PROTEO,
The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering,
and Applications, 201
Av. du Président-Kennedy, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3Y7
- CGCC,
Center in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Montreal, QC, Canada H2V 0B3
| | - Joelle N. Pelletier
- Chemistry
Department, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada H2V 0B3
- PROTEO,
The Québec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering,
and Applications, 201
Av. du Président-Kennedy, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3Y7
- CGCC,
Center in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Montreal, QC, Canada H2V 0B3
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Quiroga-Santos EH, Galar-Martínez M, García-Medina S, Gasca-Pérez E, Cano-Viveros S, Ruíz-Lara K, Gómez-Oliván LM, Islas-Flores H. Geno-cytotoxicity and congenital malformations produced by relevant environmental concentrations of aluminum, diclofenac and their mixture on Cyprinus carpio. An interactions study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:103555. [PMID: 33309951 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several studies highlight the presence of aluminum and diclofenac in water bodies around the world and their ability to induce oxidative stress and a negative effect on biomolecules in several aquatic species. However, studies evaluating the toxic effect of mixtures of these contaminants are scarce. The objective of this work was to determine the genotoxic, cytotoxic and embryotoxic effect of the mixture of aluminum and diclofenac at environmentally relevant concentrations on Cyprinus carpio. Juveniles of Cyprinus carpio were exposed to 0.31 μg L-1 of diclofenac, 24.45 mg L-1 of aluminum, and a mixture of both contaminants at the same concentrations for 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. After the exposure time the liver, gills and blood were extracted and the following biomarkers were evaluated: micronucleus frequency, comet assay, caspase activity and TUNEL test. On the other hand, Cyprinus carpio embryos were exposed to diclofenac (0.31 μg L-1), aluminum (0.06 mg L-1) and their mixture at the same concentrations and exposure time. Microscopic observation was performed to evaluate embryonic development at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Diclofenac (0.31 μg L-1) induces significant increases in micronucleus frequency with respect to control (p < 0.05), in all tissues. Aluminum (24.45 mg L-1) significantly increases DNA damage index in liver and blood cells with respect to control (p < 0.05). All treatments increase caspases activity in all tissues with respect to control (p < 0.05). Diclofenac increases the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells in liver and blood; while aluminum and the mixture increases it significantly in gills and blood with respect to the control (p < 0.05). The mixture significantly delays embryonic development, while aluminum and the mixture significantly increase teratogenic index with respect to control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, exposure to environmental concentrations of aluminium, diclofenac and their mixture induces genotoxic damage, cell death by apoptosis and negative effects on the development of Cyprinus carpio and the toxic response is modified by the interaction of the xenobiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eldher Hissadam Quiroga-Santos
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y Cerrada de Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, C.P. 007700, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y Cerrada de Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, C.P. 007700, México D.F., Mexico.
| | - Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y Cerrada de Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, C.P. 007700, México D.F., Mexico.
| | - Eloy Gasca-Pérez
- Cátedra CONACYT, Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, México City, Mexico
| | - Selene Cano-Viveros
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y Cerrada de Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, C.P. 007700, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Karina Ruíz-Lara
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y Cerrada de Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, C.P. 007700, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia. Paseo Tollocan, esq. Paseo Colón, Toluca, Estado de México, C. P. 50100, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia. Paseo Tollocan, esq. Paseo Colón, Toluca, Estado de México, C. P. 50100, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nemcova M, Pikula J, Zukal J, Seidlova V. Diclofenac-induced cytotoxicity in cultured carp leukocytes. Physiol Res 2020; 69:S607-S618. [PMID: 33646004 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac is a drug commonly used in human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation and pain. Medicinal products enter waste and surface waters on an everyday basis and contaminate the aquatic environment. Fish are therefore permanently exposed to these chemicals dissolved in their aquatic environment. To simulate variable environmental conditions, the aim of our study was to examine adverse effects of diclofenac under different temperatures of cell incubation (18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 °C). Cyto-toxic and -static effects of diclofenac in concentrations of 0.001 mcg/ml, 0.01 microg/ml, 0.1 mcg/ml, 1 mcg/ml, 10 mcg/ml and 100 mcg/ml for the carp (Cyprinuscarpio) cultured leukocytes were quantified using detection of lactate dehydrogenase released from damaged cells. Overall DCF cytotoxicity was relatively low and its impact was pronounced at higher temperature and DCF concentration. Cells growth inhibition is changing more rapidly but it is high mainly at the highest concentration from low temperature. DNA fragmentation was not detected in tested leukocyte cell line. CYP450 increased diclofenac cytotoxicity only at the highest concentration but at incubation temperatures 18 and 27 °C. Leukocyte viability is essential for immune functions and any change can lead to reduction of resistance against pathogens, mainly in cold year seasons, when the immune system is naturally suppressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nemcova
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno,Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sathishkumar P, Meena RAA, Palanisami T, Ashokkumar V, Palvannan T, Gu FL. Occurrence, interactive effects and ecological risk of diclofenac in environmental compartments and biota - a review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134057. [PMID: 31783460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug has turned into a contaminant of emerging concern; hence, it was included in the previous Watch List of the EU Water Framework Directive. This review paper aims to highlight the metabolism of diclofenac at different trophic levels, its occurrence, ecological risks, and interactive effects in the water cycle and biota over the past two decades. Increased exposure to diclofenac not only raises health concerns for vultures, aquatic organisms, and higher plants but also causes serious threats to mammals. The ubiquitous nature of diclofenac in surface water (river, lake canal, estuary, and sea) is compared with drinking water, groundwater, and wastewater effluent in the environment. This comprehensive survey from previous studies suggests the fate of diclofenac in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and may predict its persistence in the environment. This review offers evidence of fragmentary available data for the water environment, soil, sediment, and biota worldwide and supports the need for further data to address the risks associated with the presence of diclofenac in the environment. Finally, we suggest that the presence of diclofenac and its metabolites in the environment may represent a high risk because of their synergistic interactions with existing contaminants, leading to the development of drug-resistant strains and the formation of newly emerging pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | | | - Thavamani Palanisami
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Veeramuthu Ashokkumar
- Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC), Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thayumanavan Palvannan
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Feng Long Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Jesus ACSPS, Costa FM, das Neves PAPFG, Melo FPA, Silva AS, Silva OPP, Santos CBR, Borges RS. The role of regioselective hydroxylation on toxicity of diclofenac and related derivatives. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2019.1655560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. S. P. S. de Jesus
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Moléculas Bioativas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M. Costa
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Moléculas Bioativas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo A. P. F. G. das Neves
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Moléculas Bioativas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P. A. Melo
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Moléculas Bioativas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Antonio S. Silva
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Moléculas Bioativas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Osmarina P. P. Silva
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Moléculas Bioativas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Cleydson B. R. Santos
- Laboratório de Modelagem e Química Computacional, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Rosivaldo S. Borges
- Núcleo de Estudos e Seleção de Moléculas Bioativas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Trombini C, Hampel M, Blasco J. Assessing the effect of human pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, diclofenac and ibuprofen) on the marine clam Ruditapes philippinarum: An integrative and multibiomarker approach. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:146-156. [PMID: 30677710 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic ecosystem has become a topic of growing interest in recent years. In this study, the marine clam Ruditapes philippinarum was exposed during 14 days to concentrations close to those found in the environment: (15 μg L-1) of carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DCF) and ibuprofen (IBU), three pharmaceuticals widely used worldwide and commonly found within the aquatic environment. Additionally, exposure was followed by a depuration phase (7 days). A battery of biomarkers (superoxide dismutase SOD, catalase CAT, glutathione reductase GR, total glutathione peroxidase T-GPx, glutathione transferase GST, lipid peroxidation LPO, acetylcholinesterase AChE and metallothionein MT) was evaluated throughout the exposure and depuration. The Integrated Biomarker Response index was calculated with all selected biomarkers and used as a complementary tool in the evaluation of the organisms' health status. Exposure induced changes in the clams' biochemical responses that led to the hypothesis of the harmful role of the pharmaceuticals resulting in negative effects (changes in enzyme activities, LPO and MT levels, related to ROS production) particularly after short-term exposure. However, the clams showed the ability to cope with these imbalances by recovering their general oxidative status by the end of exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Trombini
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Miriam Hampel
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Julián Blasco
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Muszyńska B, Dąbrowska M, Starek M, Żmudzki P, Lazur J, Pytko-Polończyk J, Opoka W. Lentinula edodes Mycelium as Effective Agent for Piroxicam Mycoremediation. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:313. [PMID: 30846979 PMCID: PMC6393367 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollution of the environment with inorganic and organic substances is one of the main problems in the world. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct researches for effective methods of biodegradation of xenobiotics, including drugs whose unmetabolized forms are introduced into the environment, especially into water. One possible solution to this problem may be the use of white rot fungi, such as Lentinula edodes. This is an edible species used in medicine because of its beneficial anti-cancer, hypocholesterolemic, hypotensive, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. Due to the fact that the mycelium of L. edodes produces enzymes with oxidizing properties that can degrade xenobiotics. The aim of the work was verification if in vitro cultures of L. edodes can be used for bioremediation of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug: piroxicam. For this purpose, the in vitro culture of L. edodes was derived and the mycelial cultures of this species enriched with piroxicam were analyzed. The biodegradation pathway of piroxicam by L. edodes mycelium was carried out by the UPLC/MS/MS method. The degradation process of piroxicam was found to affect primarily the linker between the thiazine and the piperidine ring, leading to its oxidation and cleavage. Additionally, oxidation of the benzothiazine moiety was observed, leading to hydroxylation and oxidation of the phenyl ring as well as oxidation of the thiazine ring leading to partial or complete removal of the sulfonamide moiety. It seems that the degradation process led finally to 2-hydroxybenozquinone, which may be further oxidized to inorganic compounds. What's more, concentration of piroxicam in in vitro cultures of L. edodes was not correlated with effectiveness of biodegradation of this compound - on each experimental series, the level of degradation was the same. The results confirm the possibility of using the investigated L. edodes mycelium for remediation of piroxicam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Dąbrowska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Starek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan Lazur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Włodzimierz Opoka
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schwarz S, Schmieg H, Scheurer M, Köhler HR, Triebskorn R. Impact of the NSAID diclofenac on survival, development, behaviour and health of embryonic and juvenile stages of brown trout, Salmo trutta f. fario. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:1026-1036. [PMID: 28724221 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The NSAID diclofenac is controversially discussed with respect to its environmental relevance. Since further information is need to assess whether diclofenac should be included as substance of priority in the EU water framework directive, we investigated the impact of this analgesic on the embryonic development of brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) from fertilized egg until the end of sac-fry stage and studied effects in juvenile fish six months post hatch. Embryos were exposed to five test concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 100μg/L) over 127days at 7°C. None of the treatments affected mortality, hatching, development or heart rate. Six months old juveniles exposed to five concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, 100, 200μg/L) over 25days at 7°C, however, showed increased mortality, reaching significance at 100μg/L. Furthermore, a significantly higher proportion of juvenile animals bore injuries at concentrations higher 10μg/L. Neither the levels of the stress protein Hsp70, nor the amount of lipid peroxides was affected by any of the treatments. Histological analyses of gill, liver and kidney revealed visible tissue reactions in fish from all experimental groups. Histological responses in livers of diclofenac-exposed fish outstripped the status of laboratory control fish, particularly when exposed to the two highest concentrations. Chemical analyses of fish muscle tissue revealed concentration-dependent uptake of DCF into the animal, but no relevant bioconcentration. Our study supports earlier findings indicating a lower sensitivity of trout early life stages compared to older individuals, suggesting that studies for risk assessment of diclofenac should predominantly focus on later life stages. Furthermore, fish mortality was found to increase with rising diclofenac concentrations, and the lowest observed effect concentration of 10μg/L on the organismic level emphasises the classification of diclofenac as a micropollutant that requires close attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schwarz
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Hannah Schmieg
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marco Scheurer
- TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruher Straße 84, D-76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Heinz-R Köhler
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rita Triebskorn
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; Steinbeis Transfer Center for Ecotoxicology and Ecophysiology, Blumenstr. 13, D-72108 Rottenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yurt KK, Kaplan S. As a painkiller: a review of pre- and postnatal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug exposure effects on the nervous systems. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:15-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
11
|
Olicón-Hernández DR, González-López J, Aranda E. Overview on the Biochemical Potential of Filamentous Fungi to Degrade Pharmaceutical Compounds. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1792. [PMID: 28979245 PMCID: PMC5611422 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals represent an immense business with increased demand due to intensive livestock raising and an aging human population, which guarantee the quality of human life and well-being. However, the development of removal technologies for these compounds is not keeping pace with the swift increase in their use. Pharmaceuticals constitute a potential risk group of multiclass chemicals of increasing concern since they are extremely frequent in all environments and have started to exhibit negative effects on micro- and macro-fauna as well as on human health. In this context, fungi are known to be extremely diverse and poorly studied microorganisms despite being well suited for bioremediation processes, taking into account their metabolic and physiological characteristics for the transformation of even highly toxic xenobiotic compounds. Increasing studies indicate that fungi can transform many structures of pharmaceutical compounds, including anti-inflammatories, β-blockers, and antibiotics. This is possible due to different mechanisms in combination with the extracellular and intracellular enzymes, which have broad of biotechnological applications. Thus, fungi and their enzymes could represent a promising tool to deal with this environmental problem. Here, we review the studies performed on pharmaceutical compounds biodegradation by the great diversity of these eukaryotes. We examine the state of the art of the current application of the Basidiomycota division, best known in this field, as well as the assembly of novel biodegradation pathways within the Ascomycota division and the Mucoromycotina subdivision from the standpoint of shared enzymatic systems, particularly for the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes, which appear to be the key enzymes in these catabolic processes. Finally, we discuss the latest advances in the field of genetic engineering for their further application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darío R Olicón-Hernández
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water Research, University of GranadaGranada, Spain
| | - Jesús González-López
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water Research, University of GranadaGranada, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of GranadaGranada, Spain
| | - Elisabet Aranda
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water Research, University of GranadaGranada, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of GranadaGranada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Al-Attrache H, Chamieh H, Hamzé M, Morel I, Taha S, Abdel-Razzak Z. N-acetylcysteine potentiates diclofenac toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: stronger potentiation in ABC transporter mutant strains. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 41:89-94. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1320404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Houssein Al-Attrache
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology: Biomolecules, LBA3B – AZM Center, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Inserm U991, Rennes, France
- Rennes 1 University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rennes, France
| | - Hala Chamieh
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology: Biomolecules, LBA3B – AZM Center, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Monzer Hamzé
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, AZM Center, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Isabelle Morel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Inserm U991, Rennes, France
- Rennes 1 University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rennes, France
- Laboratory of Emergency and Intensive Care, Pontchaillou Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Samir Taha
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology: Biomolecules, LBA3B – AZM Center, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Abdel-Razzak
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology: Biomolecules, LBA3B – AZM Center, Tripoli, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Scanning electrochemical microscopy based evaluation of influence of pH on bioelectrochemical activity of yeast cells − Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 149:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
14
|
de Melo da Silva L, Pereira Cavalcante R, Fabbro Cunha R, Gozzi F, Falcao Dantas R, de Oliveira SC, Machulek A. Tolfenamic acid degradation by direct photolysis and the UV-ABC/H 2O 2 process: factorial design, kinetics, identification of intermediates, and toxicity evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 573:518-531. [PMID: 27575359 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study employed direct UV-ABC photolysis and the UV-ABC/H2O2 process to investigate the degradation of tolfenamic acid (TA), a common anti-inflammatory drug used in both human and veterinary medicine. A 23 factorial design with added center point was used to evaluate the effect of three independent variables-namely, H2O2 concentration ([H2O2]), TA concentration ([TA]), and experiment time (time)-on TA degradation and H2O2 photolysis during UV-ABC/H2O2 treatment using a high-pressure mercury vapor lamp (photon flux of 2.6307 × 104 J s-1) as the UV irradiation source. The responses yielded similar values, revealing a linear behavior, with correlation coefficients R = 0.9968 and Radj = 0.9921 for TA degradation and R = 0.9828 and Radj = 0.9570 for H2O2 photolysis. The most efficient combination of variables was [H2O2] = 255 mg L-1 and [TA] = 25 mg L-1, resulting in 100% TA degradation and 98.87% H2O2 photolysis by 90 min of treatment. Additionally, the second-order kinetic constant of the reaction between TA and HO● was determined using a competitive kinetic model, employing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D) as the reference compound. The kinetic constant was 1.9 × 1010 M-1 s-1 in alkaline medium. TA degradation by direct photolysis generated quinone imines as by-products, responsible for the formation of a dark red "internal filter" that increased the value of acute toxicity to Artemia salina. The UV-ABC/H2O2 process did not promote formation of quinone imines by 90 min of treatment and therefore did not increase acute toxicity values. Several by-products generated during TA degradation were identified and possible degradation pathways for the UV-ABC and UV-ABC/H2O2 processes were proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas de Melo da Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul; Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555; CP 549; Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Pereira Cavalcante
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul; Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555; CP 549; Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Fabbro Cunha
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul; Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555; CP 549; Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Fábio Gozzi
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul; Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555; CP 549; Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Renato Falcao Dantas
- School of Technology, University of Campinas; Rua Paschoal Marmo, 1888; Limeira, SP 13484-332, Brazil
| | - Silvio Cesar de Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul; Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555; CP 549; Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Amilcar Machulek
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul; Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 1555; CP 549; Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peng X, Gan J, Wang Q, Shi Z, Xia X. 3-Monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) induces apoptosis via mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system impairment and the caspase cascade pathway. Toxicology 2016; 372:1-11. [PMID: 27732882 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
3-Monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) is the most toxic chloropropanols compounds in foodstuff which mainly generated during thermal processing. Kidney is one of the primary target organs for 3-MCPD. Using human embryonic kidney cell (HEK293FT) as an in vitro model, we found that 3-MCPD caused concentration-dependent increase in cytoxicity as assessed by dye uptake, lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and MTT assays. HEK293FT cell treated with 3-MCPD suffered the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and the impairment of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system, especially the reduced amount of mRNA expression and protein synthesis of electron transport chain complex II, complex IV, and complex III. More importantly, energy release (ATP synthesis) was significantly inhibited by 3-MCPD resulting from the down regulation expressions of ATP synthase (ATP6 and ATP8), as well as the loss of transmembrane potential required for synthesis of ATP. The decreased ratio of mitochondrial apoptogenic factors Bax/Bcl-2 and the cytochrome-c release from mitochondria to cytosol followed by the activation of apoptotic initiators caspase 9 and apoptotic executioners (caspase 3, caspase 6 and caspase 7) leading to apoptosis. The activation of caspase 8 and caspase 2 implied that there were probably other factors to induce the caspase-dependent apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanixi, 712100, China
| | - Jing Gan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanixi, 712100, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Genetic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Zhenqiang Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanixi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanixi, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Maslanka R, Zadrag-Tecza R, Kwolek K, Kwolek-Mirek M. The Effect of Berry Juices on the Level of Oxidative Stress in Yeast Cells Exposed to Acrylamide. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Maslanka
- Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology; University of Rzeszow; Zelwerowicza 4 35-601 Rzeszow Poland
| | - Renata Zadrag-Tecza
- Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology; University of Rzeszow; Zelwerowicza 4 35-601 Rzeszow Poland
| | - Kornelia Kwolek
- Student of the Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture; University of Agriculture in Krakow; al. 29 Listopada 54 31-425 Krakow Poland
| | - Magdalena Kwolek-Mirek
- Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology; University of Rzeszow; Zelwerowicza 4 35-601 Rzeszow Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ghelfi A, Ribas JLC, Guiloski IC, Bettim FL, Piancini LDS, Cestari MM, Pereira AJ, Sassaki GL, Silva de Assis HC. Evaluation of Biochemical, Genetic and Hematological Biomarkers in a Commercial Catfish Rhamdia quelen Exposed to Diclofenac. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 96:49-54. [PMID: 26589900 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1693-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Juveniles Rhamdia quelen fish species were exposed to diclofenac for 96 h at concentrations of 0.2, 2, and 20 μg/L. Biochemical, genetic, and hematological biomarkers were assessed in the liver, kidney, and blood in order to evaluate the toxic effects. No oxidative stress was observed in liver. In kidney the superoxide dismutase activity increased in all concentrations, suggesting an alteration in the hydrogen peroxide production, but DNA damage and lipid peroxidation were not detected. Diclofenac exposure increased the red blood cells number at concentrations of 0.2 and 2 μg/L, and monocytes and neutrophils at 2 and 20 μg/L, respectively. These results suggest that acute exposure to diclofenac, even at low concentrations, caused hematologic and renal enzymatic alterations in R. quelen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Ghelfi
- Ecology and Conservation Program of Post-Graduation, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Coelho Ribas
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - Izonete Cristina Guiloski
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - Franciele Lima Bettim
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | | | - Marta Margarete Cestari
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - Aramis José Pereira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Biochemical and physicochemical processes contributing to the removal of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and pharmaceuticals by the aquatic ascomycete Phoma sp. UHH 5-1-03. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:2381-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
19
|
Reinen J, Vredenburg G, Klaering K, Vermeulen NP, Commandeur JN, Honing M, Vos JC. Selective whole-cell biosynthesis of the designer drug metabolites 15- or 16-betahydroxynorethisterone by engineered Cytochrome P450 BM3 mutants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
20
|
Ghosh R, Alajbegovic A, Gomes AV. NSAIDs and Cardiovascular Diseases: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:536962. [PMID: 26457127 PMCID: PMC4592725 DOI: 10.1155/2015/536962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most commonly used drugs worldwide. NSAIDs are used for a variety of conditions including pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and musculoskeletal disorders. The beneficial effects of NSAIDs in reducing or relieving pain are well established, and other benefits such as reducing inflammation and anticancer effects are also documented. The undesirable side effects of NSAIDs include ulcers, internal bleeding, kidney failure, and increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Some of these side effects may be due to the oxidative stress induced by NSAIDs in different tissues. NSAIDs have been shown to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different cell types including cardiac and cardiovascular related cells. Increases in ROS result in increased levels of oxidized proteins which alters key intracellular signaling pathways. One of these key pathways is apoptosis which causes cell death when significantly activated. This review discusses the relationship between NSAIDs and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the role of NSAID-induced ROS in CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwary Ghosh
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Azra Alajbegovic
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Aldrin V. Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sathishkumar P, Arulkumar M, Ashokkumar V, Mohd Yusoff AR, Murugesan K, Palvannan T, Salam Z, Ani FN, Hadibarata T. Modified phyto-waste Terminalia catappa fruit shells: a reusable adsorbent for the removal of micropollutant diclofenac. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11786g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel reusable adsorbent was prepared and investigated for the removal of diclofenac from aqueous systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru
- Malaysia
| | - Mani Arulkumar
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Engineering
- Department of Biochemistry
- Periyar University
- Salem-636 011
- India
| | | | - Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff
- Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru
- Malaysia
| | | | - Thayumanavan Palvannan
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Engineering
- Department of Biochemistry
- Periyar University
- Salem-636 011
- India
| | - Zainal Salam
- Center of Electrical Energy Systems
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- 81310 Skudai
- Malaysia
| | - Farid Nasir Ani
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru
- Malaysia
| | - Tony Hadibarata
- Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru
- Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Boerma JS, Elias NS, Vermeulen NP, Commandeur JN. Mini-dialysis tubes as tools to prepare drug-protein adducts of P450-dependent reactive drug metabolites. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 103:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
23
|
Kalkhof S, Dautel F, Loguercio S, Baumann S, Trump S, Jungnickel H, Otto W, Rudzok S, Potratz S, Luch A, Lehmann I, Beyer A, von Bergen M. Pathway and time-resolved benzo[a]pyrene toxicity on Hepa1c1c7 cells at toxic and subtoxic exposure. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:164-82. [PMID: 25362887 DOI: 10.1021/pr500957t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is an environmental contaminant mainly studied for its toxic/carcinogenic effects. For a comprehensive and pathway orientated mechanistic understanding of the effects directly triggered by a toxic (5 μM) or a subtoxic (50 nM) concentration of B[a]P or indirectly by its metabolites, we conducted time series experiments for up to 24 h to study the effects in murine hepatocytes. These cells rapidly take up and actively metabolize B[a]P, which was followed by quantitative analysis of the concentration of intracellular B[a]P and seven representative degradation products. Exposure with 5 μM B[a]P led to a maximal intracellular concentration of 1604 pmol/5 × 10(4) cells, leveling at 55 pmol/5 × 10(4) cells by the end of the time course. Changes in the global proteome (>1000 protein profiles) and metabolome (163 metabolites) were assessed in combination with B[a]P degradation. Abundance profiles of 236 (both concentrations), 190 (only 5 μM), and 150 (only 50 nM) proteins were found to be regulated in response to B[a]P in a time-dependent manner. At the endogenous metabolite level amino acids, acylcarnitines and glycerophospholipids were particularly affected by B[a]P. The comprehensive chemical, proteome and metabolomic data enabled the identification of effects on the pathway level in a time-resolved manner. So in addition to known alterations, also protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and membrane dysfunction were identified as B[a]P specific effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kalkhof
- Department of Proteomics, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research , Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Niu X, de Graaf IAM, van der Bij HA, Groothuis GMM. Precision cut intestinal slices are an appropriate ex vivo model to study NSAID-induced intestinal toxicity in rats. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:1296-305. [PMID: 25014874 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used therapeutic agents, however, they are associated with a high prevalence of intestinal side effects. In this investigation, rat precision cut intestinal slices (PCIS) were evaluated as an ex vivo model to study NSAID-induced intestinal toxicity. Firstly, PCIS were incubated with 0-200 μM diclofenac (DCF), one of the most intensively studied NSAIDs, to investigate whether they could correctly reflect the toxic mechanisms. DCF induced intestinal toxicity in PCIS was shown by morphological damage and ATP depletion. DCF induced endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial injury and oxidative stress were reflected by up-regulated HSP-70 (heat shock protein 70) and BiP (binding immunoglobulin protein) gene expression, caspase 9 activation, GSH (glutathione) depletion and HO-1 (heme oxygenase 1) gene up-regulation respectively. Furthermore, DCF intestinal metabolites, which gave rise to protein adduct but not toxicity, were detected in PCIS. Secondly, PCIS were incubated with various concentrations of five NSAIDs. Typical NSAID-induced morphological changes were observed in PCIS. The ex vivo toxicity ranking (diflunisal> diclofenac = indomethacin > naproxen ≫ aspirin) showed good correlation with published in vitro and in vivo data, with diflunisal being the only exception. In conclusion, PCIS correctly reflect the various mechanisms of DCF-induced intestinal toxicity, and can serve as an ex vivo model for the prediction of NSAID-induced intestinal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Niu
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge A M de Graaf
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hendrik A van der Bij
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geny M M Groothuis
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vredenburg G, Elias NS, Venkataraman H, Hendriks DFG, Vermeulen NPE, Commandeur JNM, Vos JC. Human NAD(P)H:quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)-Mediated Inactivation of Reactive Quinoneimine Metabolites of Diclofenac and Mefenamic Acid. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:576-86. [DOI: 10.1021/tx400431k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Galvin Vredenburg
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology,
Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty
of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Naura S. Elias
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology,
Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty
of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harini Venkataraman
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology,
Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty
of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Delilah F. G. Hendriks
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology,
Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty
of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nico P. E. Vermeulen
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology,
Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty
of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan N. M. Commandeur
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology,
Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty
of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Vos
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology,
Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty
of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sathishkumar P, Mythili A, Hadibarata T, Jayakumar R, Kanthimathi MS, Palvannan T, Ponraj M, Salim MR, Mohd Yusoff AR. Laccase mediated diclofenac transformation and cytotoxicity assessment on mouse fibroblast 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46014b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
27
|
Miyashita T, Kimura K, Fukami T, Nakajima M, Yokoi T. Evaluation and mechanistic analysis of the cytotoxicity of the acyl glucuronide of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Drug Metab Dispos 2013; 42:1-8. [PMID: 24104198 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.113.054478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical reactivity of acyl glucuronide (AG) has been thought to be associated with the toxic properties of drugs containing carboxylic acid moieties, but there has been no direct evidence showing that AG formation is related to the observed toxicity. In the present study, the cytotoxicity of AGs, especially that associated with the inflammatory response, was investigated. The changes in the mRNA and protein expression levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 induced by the treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with diclofenac (Dic), probenecid (Pro), tolmetin (Tol), ibuprofen (Ibu), naproxen (Nap), and their AGs were investigated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the viabilities of CD3+, CD14+, and CD19+ cells were measured by flow cytometry. Treatment with Dic-AG, Pro-AG, and Tol-AG significantly increased the expression levels of IL-8 and MCP-1. In addition, Dic-AG, Pro-AG, and Tol-AG significantly decreased the viability of CD14+ cells. Of these three AGs, Dic-AG showed the most potent changes, followed by Tol-AG and Pro-AG. Treatment with Ibu-AG and Nap-AG affected neither the expression levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 nor the viability of CD14+ cells. None of the drugs affected the CD3+ and CD19+ cell populations. Dic-AG increased the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2. The pretreatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) significantly suppressed the Dic-AG-induced expression of inflammatory factors and cytotoxicity of CD14+ cells. In conclusion, AGs induce inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity against CD14+ cells via the p38 MAPK pathway. These factors may be useful biomarkers for evaluating the toxicity of AGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Miyashita
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Reconstitution of the interplay between cytochrome P450 and human glutathione S-transferases in clozapine metabolism in yeast. Toxicol Lett 2013; 222:247-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
29
|
Di Nardo G, Gilardi G. Optimization of the bacterial cytochrome P450 BM3 system for the production of human drug metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:15901-24. [PMID: 23443101 PMCID: PMC3546669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131215901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug metabolism in human liver is a process involving many different enzymes. Among them, a number of cytochromes P450 isoforms catalyze the oxidation of most of the drugs commercially available. Each P450 isoform acts on more than one drug, and one drug may be oxidized by more than one enzyme. As a result, multiple products may be obtained from the same drug, and as the metabolites can be biologically active and may cause adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the metabolic profile of a new drug has to be known before this can be commercialized. Therefore, the metabolites of a certain drug must be identified, synthesized and tested for toxicity. Their synthesis must be in sufficient quantities to be used for metabolic tests. This review focuses on the progresses done in the field of the optimization of a bacterial self-sufficient and efficient cytochrome P450, P450 BM3 from Bacillus megaterium, used for the production of metabolites of human enzymes. The progress made in the improvement of its catalytic performance towards drugs, the substitution of the costly NADPH cofactor and its immobilization and scale-up of the process for industrial application are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Di Nardo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Gianfranco Gilardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Boerma JS, Dragovic S, Vermeulen NPE, Commandeur JNM. Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Protein Adducts of Multiple P450-Dependent Reactive Intermediates of Diclofenac to Human Glutathione-S-transferase P1-1. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:2532-41. [DOI: 10.1021/tx300334w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Simon Boerma
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology, LACDR, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanja Dragovic
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology, LACDR, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nico P. E. Vermeulen
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology, LACDR, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan N. M. Commandeur
- Division
of Molecular Toxicology, LACDR, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Differential involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction, cytochrome P450 activity, and active transport in the toxicity of structurally related NSAIDs. Toxicol In Vitro 2011; 26:197-205. [PMID: 22138569 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in the treatment of pain and inflammation. However, this group of drugs is associated with serious adverse drug reactions. Previously, we studied the mechanisms underlying toxicity of the NSAID diclofenac using Saccharomycescerevisiae as model system. We identified the involvement of several mitochondrial proteins, a transporter and cytochrome P450 activity in diclofenac toxicity. In this study, we investigated if these processes are also involved in the toxicity of other NSAIDs. We divided the NSAIDs into three classes based on their toxicity mechanisms. Class I consists of diclofenac, indomethacin and ketoprofen. Mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in the toxicity of this class. Metabolism by cytochrome P450s further increases their toxicity, while ABC-transporters decrease the toxicity. Mitochondria and oxidative metabolism also contribute to toxicity of class II drugs ibuprofen and naproxen, but another cellular target dominates their toxicity. Interestingly, ibuprofen was the only NSAID that was unable to induce upregulation of the multidrug resistance response. The class III NSAIDs sulindac, ketorolac and zomepirac were relatively non-toxic in yeast. In conclusion, we demonstrate the use of yeast to investigate the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of structurally related drugs.
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
P450(BM3) (CYP102A1), a fatty acid hydroxylase from Bacillus megaterium, has been extensively studied over a period of almost forty years. The enzyme has been redesigned to catalyse the oxidation of non-natural substrates as diverse as pharmaceuticals, terpenes and gaseous alkanes using a variety of engineering strategies. Crystal structures have provided a basis for several of the catalytic effects brought about by mutagenesis, while changes to reduction potentials, inter-domain electron transfer rates and catalytic parameters have yielded functional insights. Areas of active research interest include drug metabolite production, the development of process-scale techniques, unravelling general mechanistic aspects of P450 chemistry, methane oxidation, and improving selectivity control to allow the synthesis of fine chemicals. This review draws together the disparate research themes and places them in a historical context with the aim of creating a resource that can be used as a gateway to the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J C Whitehouse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Erkelenz M, Kuo CH, Niemeyer CM. DNA-mediated assembly of cytochrome P450 BM3 subdomains. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:16111-8. [PMID: 21919448 DOI: 10.1021/ja204993s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 BM3 is a versatile enzyme, which holds great promise for applications in biocatalysis and biomedicine. We here report on the generation of a hybrid DNA-protein device based on the two subdomains of BM3, the reductase domain BMR and the porphyrin domain BMP. Both subdomains were fused genetically to the HaloTag protein, a self-labeling enzyme, allowing for the bioconjugation with chloroalkane-modified oligonucleotides. The subdomain-DNA-chimeras could be reassembled by complementary oligonucleotides, thus leading to reconstitution of the monooxygenase activity of BM3 holoenzyme, as demonstrated by conversion of the reporter substrate 12-pNCA. Arrangement of the two chimeras on a switchable DNA scaffold allowed one to control the distance between both subdomains, as indicated by the DNA-dependent activity of the holoenzyme. Furthermore, a switchable chimeric device was constructed, in which monooxygenase activity could be turned off by DNA strand displacement. This study demonstrates that P450 BM3 engineering and strategies of DNA nanotechnology can be merged to open up novel ways for the development of novel screening systems or responsive catalysts with potential applications in drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Erkelenz
- TU Dortmund, Fakultät Chemie, Biologisch-Chemische Mikrostrukturtechnik, Otto-Hahn Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Involvement of the pleiotropic drug resistance response, protein kinase C signaling, and altered zinc homeostasis in resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to diclofenac. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:5973-80. [PMID: 21724882 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00253-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac is a widely used analgesic drug that can cause serious adverse drug reactions. We used Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model eukaryote with which to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of diclofenac toxicity and resistance. Although most yeast cells died during the initial diclofenac treatment, some survived and started growing again. Microarray analysis of the adapted cells identified three major processes involved in diclofenac detoxification and tolerance. In particular, pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) genes and genes under the control of Rlm1p, a transcription factor in the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, were upregulated in diclofenac-adapted cells. We tested if these processes or pathways were directly involved in diclofenac toxicity or resistance. Of the pleiotropic drug resistance gene products, the multidrug transporter Pdr5p was crucially important for diclofenac tolerance. Furthermore, deletion of components of the cell wall stress-responsive PKC pathway increased diclofenac toxicity, whereas incubation of cells with the cell wall stressor calcofluor white before the addition of diclofenac decreased its toxicity. Also, diclofenac induced flocculation, which might trigger the cell wall alterations. Genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and rRNA processing were downregulated, as were zinc-responsive genes. Paradoxically, deletion of the zinc-responsive transcription factor Zap1p or addition of the zinc chelator 1,10-phenanthroline significantly increased diclofenac toxicity, establishing a regulatory role for zinc in diclofenac resistance. In conclusion, we have identified three new pathways involved in diclofenac tolerance in yeast, namely, Pdr5p as the main contributor to the PDR response, cell wall signaling via the PKC pathway, and zinc homeostasis, regulated by Zap1p.
Collapse
|
35
|
Antunes AMM, Novais DA, da Silva JLF, Santos PP, Oliveira MC, Beland FA, Marques MM. Synthesis and oxidation of 2-hydroxynevirapine, a metabolite of the HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7822-35. [PMID: 21969039 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06052j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M M Antunes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|