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Rose F, Köberle B, Honnen S, Bay C, Burhenne J, Weiss J, Haefeli WE, Theile D. RNA is a pro-apoptotic target of cisplatin in cancer cell lines and C. elegans. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116450. [PMID: 38503239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin not only targets DNA but also RNA. However, it is largely unknown whether platinated RNA (Pt-RNA) causes apoptosis and thus contributes to the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin. Consequently, cellular RNA was isolated from HepG2 and LS180 cells, exposed to cisplatin, and the resulting Pt-RNA (20 ng Pt/µg RNA) was transfected into these cancer cell lines or used to treat an apoptosis reporter Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) strain (MD701, expressing CED-1::GFP). Cellular and molecular effects of Pt-RNA were evaluated by luminogenic caspase 3/7 assays, PCR array analysis, and fluorescence microscopy-based quantification of apoptosis in C. elegans gonads. Assuming RNA cross-linking (pseudo double-stranded RNA), the contribution of the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3, a sensor of double-stranded RNA) to apoptosis induction in cancer cell lines was investigated by pharmacological TLR3 inhibition and overexpression. In contrast to controls, Pt-RNA significantly enhanced apoptosis in C. elegans (2-fold) and in the cancer cell lines (2-fold to 4-fold). TLR3 overexpression significantly enhanced the pro-apoptotic effects of Pt-RNA in HepG2 cells. TLR3 inhibition reduced the pro-apoptotic effects of Pt-RNA and cisplatin, but not of paclitaxel (off-target control). Gene expression analysis showed that Pt-RNA (but not RNA) significantly enhanced the mRNA levels of nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2 and interleukin-8 in HepG2 cells, suggesting that Pt-RNA is a damage-associated molecular pattern that additionally causes pro-inflammatory responses. Together, this data suggests that not only DNA but also cellular RNA is a functionally relevant target of cisplatin, leading to pro-apoptotic and immunogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Rose
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Beate Köberle
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Adenauerring 20A, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Sebastian Honnen
- Institute of Toxicology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Cindy Bay
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Jürgen Burhenne
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Johanna Weiss
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Walter E Haefeli
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Dirk Theile
- University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
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Alinaghi M, Mokarram P, Ahmadi M, Bozorg-Ghalati F. Biosynthesis of palladium, platinum, and their bimetallic nanoparticles using rosemary and ginseng herbal plants: evaluation of anticancer activity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5798. [PMID: 38461314 PMCID: PMC10925055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In this research, palladium (II) and platinum (II), as well as their bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized using medicinal plants in an eco-friendly manner. Rosemary and Ginseng extracts were chosen due to their promising anticancer potential. The synthesized nanoparticles underwent characterization through FT-IR spectroscopy, DLS, XRD, EDX, SEM, and TEM techniques. Once the expected structures were confirmed, the performance of these nanoparticles, which exhibited an optimal size, was evaluated as potential anticancer agents through in vitro method on colon cancer cell lines (Ls180, SW480). MTT assay studies showed that the synthesized nanoparticles induced cell death. Moreover, real-time PCR was employed to investigate autophagy markers and the effect of nanoparticles on the apoptosis process, demonstrating a significant effect of the synthesized compounds in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moloud Alinaghi
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Bozorg-Ghalati
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Giffard D, Fischer-Fodor E, Vlad C, Achimas-Cadariu P, Smith GS. Synthesis and antitumour evaluation of mono- and multinuclear [2+1] tricarbonylrhenium(I) complexes. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:773-781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Theile D. Under-Reported Aspects of Platinum Drug Pharmacology. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030382. [PMID: 29760371 PMCID: PMC6155231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum drugs remain the backbone of many antineoplastic regimens. Among the numerous chemical or pharmacological effects of platinum drugs, some aspects tend to be under-reported. Thus, this perspective paper intends to stress some neglected properties of platinum drugs: first, the physico-chemical characteristics (aquation reaction kinetics) that determine site-specific toxicity; second, the impact on RNA molecules. Knowledge of the ‘RNA world’ has dramatically changed our understanding of cellular and molecular biology. The inherent RNA-crosslinking properties should make platinum-based drugs interact with coding and non-coding RNAs. Third, we will discuss the impact on the immune system, which is now recognized to substantially contribute to chemotherapy efficacy. Together, platinum drugs are in fact old drugs, but are worth re-focusing on. Many aspects are still mysterious but can pave the way to new drugs or an improved application of the already existing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Theile
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Alberti E, Zampakou M, Donghi D. Covalent and non-covalent binding of metal complexes to RNA. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 163:278-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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