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Liu B, Duan L, Cai S, Ren Q, Li J, Wang Y, Zeng Y. A clean and efficient route for extraction of vanadium from vanadium slag by electro-oxidation combined with ultrasound cavitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 102:106735. [PMID: 38128390 PMCID: PMC10772816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Extracting vanadium (V) from vanadium slag (VS) by the traditional roasting-leaching process has disadvantages of high energy consumption and high poisonous gases emission. In this work, a green and efficient route was developed to extract V from VS without roasting by electro-oxidation combined with ultrasound cavitation (EOUC) intensification in sulfuric acid solution. The leaching parameters (e.g., leaching temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, anodic current density, ultrasound power, liquid to solid ratio, leaching time and particle size) were optimized. The leaching mechanism was explored by comparing the leaching behavior and mineralogical evolution of the direct sulfuric acidic leaching (DSL), electro-oxidation-assisted sulfuric acidic leaching (EOSL), ultrasound cavitation-assisted sulfuric acidic leaching (UCSL) and EOUC methods. The results show that introducing electric field strengthens the ultrasound cavitation effect on slag particles in sulfuric acid solution. Under the optimum parameter of EOUC method, the leaching rate of V from VS is as high as 94.64 %. Using EOUC method can open the silicate-wrapped structure of the spinel, increase pore volume of VS from 0.00127 cm3 g-1 to 0.01124 cm3 g-1, decrease slag particle size from 26.8 μm to 16.4 μm and improve specific surface area from 0.508 m2 g-1 to 10.855 m2 g-1, which significantly accelerate V leaching process. The exposed spinel was oxidized by both electrochemical route and chemical route, forming a mixture of V3+ ion and VO2+ ion after leaching.
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Bao S, Chen B, Zhang Y, Ren L, Xin C, Ding W, Yang S, Zhang W. A comprehensive review on the ultrasound-enhanced leaching recovery of valuable metals: Applications, mechanisms and prospects. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106525. [PMID: 37453257 PMCID: PMC10371852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent two decades, ultrasound has been broadly applied to the hydrometallurgical leaching process to recover valuable metals within raw materials, aiming to solve the shortcomings of the conventional leaching process, including relatively low leaching recovery, long leaching duration, high reagent usage, high energy consumption and so on. The present work focuses on a comprehensive overview of the ultrasound-enhanced leaching of various metals, such as common nonferrous and ferrous metals, rare metals, rare earth elements, and precious metals, from raw metal ores and secondary resources. Moreover, the enhanced leaching mechanisms by ultrasound are discussed in detail and summarized based on the improvement of leaching kinetics, enhancement of the mass transfer and diffusion of lixiviants, and promotion of the oxidative conversion of metals from insoluble to soluble states. Lastly, the challenges and outlooks of future research on the leaching recovery for valuable metals with the assistance of ultrasound irradiation are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenxu Bao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China.
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Yimin Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China
| | - Liuyi Ren
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Chunfu Xin
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wei Ding
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wencai Zhang
- Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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Cerecedo-Sáenz E, Cárdenas-Reyes EA, Rojas-Calva AH, Reyes-Valderrama MI, Rodríguez-Lugo V, Toro N, Gálvez E, Acevedo-Sandoval OA, Hernández-Ávila J, Salinas-Rodríguez E. Use of the O 2-Thiosemicarbazide System, for the Leaching of: Gold and Copper from WEEE & Silver Contained in Mining Wastes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7329. [PMID: 34885483 PMCID: PMC8658093 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollution today is a latent risk for humanity, here the need to recycle waste of all kinds. This work is related to the kinetic study of the leaching of gold and copper contained in waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and silver contained in mining wastes (MW), using the O2-thiosemicarbazide system. The results obtained show that this non-toxic leaching system is adequate for the leaching of said metals. Reaction orders were found ranging from 0 (Cu), 0.93 (Ag), and 2.01 (Au) for the effect of the reagent concentration and maximum recoveries of 77.7% (Cu), 95.8% (Au), and 60% (Ag) were obtained. Likewise, the activation energies found show that the leaching of WEEE is controlled by diffusion (Cu Ea = 9.06 and Au Ea = 18.25 kJ/Kmol), while the leaching of MW (Ea = 45.55 kJ/Kmol) is controlled by the chemical reaction. For the case of stirring rate, it was found a low effect and only particles from WEEE and MW must be suspended in solution to proceed with the leaching. The pH has effect only at values above 8, and finally, for the case of MW, the O2 partial pressure has a market effect, going the Ag leaching from 33% at 0.2 atm up to 60% at a 1 atm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Cerecedo-Sáenz
- Academic Area of Earth Sciences and Materials, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Highway Pachuca-Tulancingo, km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Mexico
| | - Edgar A Cárdenas-Reyes
- Academic Area of Earth Sciences and Materials, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Highway Pachuca-Tulancingo, km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Mexico
| | - Abner H Rojas-Calva
- Academic Area of Earth Sciences and Materials, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Highway Pachuca-Tulancingo, km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Mexico
| | - Ma Isabel Reyes-Valderrama
- Academic Area of Earth Sciences and Materials, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Highway Pachuca-Tulancingo, km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Mexico
| | - Ventura Rodríguez-Lugo
- Academic Area of Earth Sciences and Materials, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Highway Pachuca-Tulancingo, km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Mexico
| | - Norman Toro
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Edelmira Gálvez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Minas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
| | - Otilio A Acevedo-Sandoval
- Academic Area of Chemistry, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Highway Pachuca-Tulancingo, km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Mexico
| | - Juan Hernández-Ávila
- Academic Area of Earth Sciences and Materials, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Highway Pachuca-Tulancingo, km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Mexico
| | - Eleazar Salinas-Rodríguez
- Academic Area of Earth Sciences and Materials, Institute of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Highway Pachuca-Tulancingo, km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Pachuca 42184, Mexico
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Li H, Long H, Zhang L, Yin S, Li S, Zhu F, Xie H. Effectiveness of microwave-assisted thermal treatment in the extraction of gold in cyanide tailings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121456. [PMID: 31668759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new technology for treating cyanide tailings (CT) by microwave chlorination roasting was first proposed in this study. A green process with prospective environmental and economic significance was experimentally and theoretically established for the sustainable extraction of gold from CT. The microwave roasting behavior and trajectory of gold in different gold-bearing bodies under microwave-enhanced roasting and conventional roasting conditions were explored and compared by introducing the concept of thermal and non-thermal effects provided by the microwave field. At the same time, the superiority of microwave chlorination roasting was verified by a series of experiments. Under the same conditions of the roasting experiments, the energy consumption of conventional calcination was more than double greater than that of microwave roasting. Finally, the essence of microwave chlorination roasting in the treatment of CT was summarized as a non-polluting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China
| | - Hailin Long
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China
| | - Libo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China
| | - Shaohua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China
| | - Shiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China.
| | - Fei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China
| | - Huimin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China; National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, China
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