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Prachantasena S, Ngasaman R, Wiriyaprom R. Prevalence and risk factors of Campylobacter infection in goats in southern provinces of Thailand. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:108. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Foster G, Kirchner M, Muchowski J, Duggett N, Randall L, Knight HI, Whatmore AM. Streptococcus caledonicus sp. nov., isolated from sheep. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2611-2615. [PMID: 32160144 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Five strains of an unidentified Gram-positive, catalase-negative, chain-forming coccus-shaped organism recovered from sheep in Scotland were characterized using phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Based on morphological and biochemical criteria, the strains were tentatively identified as streptococci but they did not appear to correspond to any recognised species of the genus. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed the strains were highly related to each other and confirmed their placement in the genus Streptococcus, with a maximum nucleotide identity of around 97 % to extant species. Best matches were with Streptococcus hillyeri followed by Streptococcus porci. Average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values determined from whole-genome sequence were also consistent with the group representing a novel species. Best matches, again seen to S. hillyeri, followed by S. porci and S. plurextorum, were below accepted cut-off values for species delineation. Based on biochemical criteria and molecular genetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown isolates from sheep be assigned to a new species of the genus Streptococcus as Streptococcus caledonicus sp. nov. The type strain of Streptococcus caledonicus is S784/96/1T=CCUG 73951T=NCTC 14363T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Foster
- SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - Miranda Kirchner
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Jakub Muchowski
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Nicholas Duggett
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Luke Randall
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Hazel I Knight
- SRUC Veterinary Services, Mill of Craibstone, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9TB, UK
| | - Adrian M Whatmore
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK
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Foster G, Whatmore AM, Dagleish MP, Malnick H, Gilbert MJ, Begeman L, Macgregor SK, Davison NJ, Roest HJ, Jepson P, Howie F, Muchowski J, Brownlow AC, Wagenaar JA, Kik MJL, Deaville R, Doeschate MTIT, Barley J, Hunter L, IJsseldijk LL. Forensic microbiology reveals that Neisseria animaloris infections in harbour porpoises follow traumatic injuries by grey seals. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14338. [PMID: 31605019 PMCID: PMC6789040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neisseria animaloris is considered to be a commensal of the canine and feline oral cavities. It is able to cause systemic infections in animals as well as humans, usually after a biting trauma has occurred. We recovered N. animaloris from chronically inflamed bite wounds on pectoral fins and tailstocks, from lungs and other internal organs of eight harbour porpoises. Gross and histopathological evidence suggest that fatal disseminated N. animaloris infections had occurred due to traumatic injury from grey seals. We therefore conclude that these porpoises survived a grey seal predatory attack, with the bite lesions representing the subsequent portal of entry for bacteria to infect the animals causing abscesses in multiple tissues, and eventually death. We demonstrate that forensic microbiology provides a useful tool for linking a perpetrator to its victim. Moreover, N. animaloris should be added to the list of potential zoonotic bacteria following interactions with seals, as the finding of systemic transfer to the lungs and other tissues of the harbour porpoises may suggest a potential to do likewise in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Foster
- Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme, SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness, IV2 5NA, Scotland, UK.
| | | | - Mark P Dagleish
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0PZ, Scotland, UK
| | - Henry Malnick
- Laboratory of Health Care Associated Infection, Public Health England, Colindale, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Maarten J Gilbert
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lineke Begeman
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shaheed K Macgregor
- Cetacean Stranding Investigation Programme, Institute of Zoology, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Nicholas J Davison
- Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme, SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness, IV2 5NA, Scotland, UK
| | - Hendrik Jan Roest
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Jepson
- Cetacean Stranding Investigation Programme, Institute of Zoology, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Fiona Howie
- SRUC Veterinary Services, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 OQE, Scotland, UK
| | - Jakub Muchowski
- APHA Weybridge, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Andrew C Brownlow
- Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme, SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness, IV2 5NA, Scotland, UK
| | - Jaap A Wagenaar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Marja J L Kik
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Deaville
- Cetacean Stranding Investigation Programme, Institute of Zoology, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Mariel T I Ten Doeschate
- Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme, SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness, IV2 5NA, Scotland, UK
| | - Jason Barley
- Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme, SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness, IV2 5NA, Scotland, UK.,Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Research Institute, Stoney Road, Stormont, Belfast, BT4 3SD, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Laura Hunter
- Scottish Marine Animal Stranding Scheme, SRUC Veterinary Services, An Lochran, 10 Inverness Campus, Inverness, IV2 5NA, Scotland, UK
| | - Lonneke L IJsseldijk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Kirchner M, Hunt B, Carson T, Duggett N, Muchowski J, Whatmore AM. Actinobacillus vicugnae sp. nov., isolated from alpaca ( Vicugna pacos). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3170-3177. [PMID: 31395108 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten strains of an Actinobacillus-like organism were isolated from alpaca (Vicugna pacos) in the UK over a period of 5 years, with no known epidemiological linkages. The isolates are distinct, based on both phenotype and genotype, from any previously described Actinobacillus species. Molecular analysis, based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and infB gene sequences, placed the isolates as a novel, early branching, lineage within the currently recognised Actinobacillus sensu stricto. In agreement with the results of the single-gene analysis, average nucleotide identity values, based on whole genome sequences, showed very similar identities to a number of members of the Actinobacillus sensu stricto notably Actinobacillus equuli, Actinobacillus suis and Actinobacillus ureae. At least two phenotypic characteristics differentiate the alpaca isolates from other Actinobacillus sensu stricto species, and from taxa likely falling within this group but awaiting formal species description, with Actinobacillus anseriformium and A. equulisubsp. haemolyticus being the most closely related phenotypically. The alpaca isolates can be differentiated from A. anseriformium by production of β-galactosidase (ONPG) and acid from raffinose, and from A. equulisubsp. haemolyticus by production of acid from d-sorbitol and failure to produce acid from d-xylose. Isolates were obtained from multiple sites in alpaca including respiratory tract, alimentary tract and internal organs although further evidence is required to understand any pathogenic significance. Based on the results of characterization described here, it is proposed that the isolates constitute a novel species, Actinobacillus vicugnae sp. nov. The type strain is W1618T (LMG30745T NCTC14090T) isolated in the UK in 2012 from oesophageal ulceration in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Kirchner
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Brian Hunt
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (Bury St. Edmunds), Rougham Hill, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk IP33 2RX, UK
| | - Therese Carson
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (Bury St. Edmunds), Rougham Hill, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk IP33 2RX, UK
| | - Nicholas Duggett
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Jakub Muchowski
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Adrian M Whatmore
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency (Weybridge), Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
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Causes of Mortality and Lesions Observed Post mortem in European Moles (Talpa europaea) in Cornwall, South-west England. J Comp Pathol 2018; 167:18-25. [PMID: 30898293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
European moles (Talpa europaea) are a common species in the UK, but there are few published data on the causes of mortality in these animals. An opportunistic post-mortem study was carried out on 44 moles found dead or dying in Cornwall, UK. Assessment of muscle condition and fat reserves, where possible, indicated that most (27 of 37, 73%) were in good nutritive condition. The majority had died of trauma (n = 40, 91%), the principal cause of which was predation (n = 36, 81.8%) by foxes and domestic cats and dogs. The carcases were in a variable state of preservation, but 28 cases were suitable for histopathological examination. This revealed lesions in the lungs of 92.8 % (26 of 28) of the animals. The commonest lesions comprised localized infiltration of the parenchyma by macrophages and eosinophils and in most cases the lesions were unlikely to have been of clinical significance; in two cases they were associated with infection by a parasitic nematode. One mole showed severe pneumonitis and hepatitis caused by infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Adiaspiromycosis was diagnosed in two moles, one by direct microscopical examination of the lung and one by histopathology; the lesions were not considered to be of clinical significance. Severe pleurisy and pericarditis caused by infection with Streptobacillus moniliformis was seen in a mole that had suffered bite wounds to a foot previously. Cholangitis due to infection by a protozoal parasite, provisionally identified as Cyclospora talpae, was a common histopathological finding (11 of 28, 39.3%); infection by the parasite did not appear to affect body condition adversely. Miscellaneous conditions identified were ulcerative dermatitis associated with gram-positive cocci (n = 1), extra medullary haemopoiesis in spleens (six of 12, 50%) and mineralized foci in pulmonary blood vessels (three of 28, 10.7%). No significant pathology was seen in the kidneys. This study suggests that the health status of moles in Cornwall is generally good and predation is a common cause of mortality. Pulmonary disease, associated in some cases with nematode infections, is also prevalent, but probably of little clinical significance. There is a high prevalence of cholangitis due to infection with a protozoan parasite believed to be C. talpae. Other diseases identified include adiaspiromycosis, streptobacillosis and toxoplasmosis.
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Jeckel S, Wood A, Grant K, Amar C, King SA, Whatmore AM, Koylass M, Anjum M, James J, Welchman DDB. Outbreak of encephalitic listeriosis in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa). Avian Pathol 2016; 44:269-77. [PMID: 25921827 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2015.1042427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of neurological disease was investigated in red-legged partridges between 8 and 28 days of age. Clinical signs included torticollis, head tilt and incoordination and over an initial eight day period approximately 30-40 fatalities occurred per day. No significant gross post mortem findings were detected. Histopathological examination of the brain and bacterial cultures followed by partial sequencing confirmed a diagnosis of encephalitis due to Listeria monocytogenes. Further isolates were obtained from follow-up carcasses, environmental samples and pooled tissue samples of newly imported day-old chicks prior to placement on farm. These isolates had the same antibiotic resistance pattern as the isolate of the initial post mortem submission and belonged to the same fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (fAFLP) subtype. This suggested that the isolates were very closely related or identical and that the pathogen had entered the farm with the imported day-old chicks, resulting in disease manifestation in partridges between 8 and 28 days of age. Reports of outbreaks of encephalitic listeriosis in avian species are rare and this is to the best of our knowledge the first reported outbreak in red-legged partridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jeckel
- a Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratory Agency , Royal Veterinary College , Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms , UK
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Van TTH, Elshagmani E, Gor MC, Scott PC, Moore RJ. Campylobacter hepaticus sp. nov., isolated from chickens with spotty liver disease. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:4518-4524. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Hao Van
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | | | - Mian Chee Gor
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Peter C. Scott
- Scolexia Pty Ltd, Moonee Ponds, Victoria 3039, Australia
- Poultry Cooperative Research Centre, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia
| | - Robert J. Moore
- Poultry Cooperative Research Centre, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
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Crawshaw TR, Chanter JI, Young SC, Cawthraw S, Whatmore AM, Koylass MS, Vidal AB, Salguero FJ, Irvine RM. Isolation of a novel thermophilic Campylobacter from cases of spotty liver disease in laying hens and experimental reproduction of infection and microscopic pathology. Vet Microbiol 2015; 179:315-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Evaluation of MALDI-ToF as a method for the identification of bacteria in the veterinary diagnostic laboratory. Res Vet Sci 2015; 101:42-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Whatmore AM, Davison N, Cloeckaert A, Al Dahouk S, Zygmunt MS, Brew SD, Perrett LL, Koylass MS, Vergnaud G, Quance C, Scholz HC, Dick EJ, Hubbard G, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch NE. Brucella papionis sp. nov., isolated from baboons (Papio spp.). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:4120-4128. [PMID: 25242540 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.065482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Two Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming coccoid bacteria (strains F8/08-60(T) and F8/08-61) isolated from clinical specimens obtained from baboons (Papio spp.) that had delivered stillborn offspring were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, both strains, which possessed identical sequences, were assigned to the genus Brucella. This placement was confirmed by extended multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), where both strains possessed identical sequences, and whole-genome sequencing of a representative isolate. All of the above analyses suggested that the two strains represent a novel lineage within the genus Brucella. The strains also possessed a unique profile when subjected to the phenotyping approach classically used to separate species of the genus Brucella, reacting only with Brucella A monospecific antiserum, being sensitive to the dyes thionin and fuchsin, being lysed by bacteriophage Wb, Bk2 and Fi phage at routine test dilution (RTD) but only partially sensitive to bacteriophage Tb, and with no requirement for CO2 and no production of H2S but strong urease activity. Biochemical profiling revealed a pattern of enzyme activity and metabolic capabilities distinct from existing species of the genus Brucella. Molecular analysis of the omp2 locus genes showed that both strains had a novel combination of two highly similar omp2b gene copies. The two strains shared a unique fingerprint profile of the multiple-copy Brucella-specific element IS711. Like MLSA, a multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) showed that the isolates clustered together very closely, but represent a distinct group within the genus Brucella. Isolates F8/08-60(T) and F8/08-61 could be distinguished clearly from all known species of the genus Brucella and their biovars by both phenotypic and molecular properties. Therefore, by applying the species concept for the genus Brucella suggested by the ICSP Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Brucella, they represent a novel species within the genus Brucella, for which the name Brucella papionis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain F8/08-60(T) ( = NCTC 13660(T) = CIRMBP 0958(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M Whatmore
- OIE/WHO/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Nicholas Davison
- Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Polwhele, Truro TR4 9AD, UK
| | - Axel Cloeckaert
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37000 Tours, France.,INRA, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Sascha Al Dahouk
- Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, D-12277 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michel S Zygmunt
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37000 Tours, France.,INRA, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Simon D Brew
- OIE/WHO/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Lorraine L Perrett
- OIE/WHO/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Mark S Koylass
- OIE/WHO/FAO Brucellosis Reference Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Gilles Vergnaud
- DGA/MRIS - Mission pour la Recherche et l'Innovation Scientifique, F-92221 Bagneux, France.,CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, UMR 8621, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Christine Quance
- Mycobacteria and Brucella Section, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, USDA-APHIS, Ames, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Holger C Scholz
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Neuherbergstrasse 11, D-80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Gene Hubbard
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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HELICOBACTER CETORUM INFECTION IN STRIPED DOLPHIN (STENELLA COERULEOALBA), ATLANTIC WHITE-SIDED DOLPHIN (LAGENORHYNCHUS ACUTUS), AND SHORT-BEAKED COMMON DOLPHIN (DELPHINUS DELPHUS) FROM THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF ENGLAND. J Wildl Dis 2014; 50:431-7. [DOI: 10.7589/2013-02-047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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