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Ishaq A, Said MIM, Azman SB, Dandajeh AA, Lemar GS, Jagun ZT. Utilization of microbial fuel cells as a dual approach for landfill leachate treatment and power production: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:41683-41733. [PMID: 38012494 PMCID: PMC11219420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate, which is a complicated organic sewage water, presents substantial dangers to human health and the environment if not properly handled. Electrochemical technology has arisen as a promising strategy for effectively mitigating contaminants in landfill leachate. In this comprehensive review, we explore various theoretical and practical aspects of methods for treating landfill leachate. This exploration includes examining their performance, mechanisms, applications, associated challenges, existing issues, and potential strategies for enhancement, particularly in terms of cost-effectiveness. In addition, this critique provides a comparative investigation between these treatment approaches and the utilization of diverse kinds of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) in terms of their effectiveness in treating landfill leachate and generating power. The examination of these technologies also extends to their use in diverse global contexts, providing insights into operational parameters and regional variations. This extensive assessment serves the primary goal of assisting researchers in understanding the optimal methods for treating landfill leachate and comparing them to different types of MFCs. It offers a valuable resource for the large-scale design and implementation of processes that ensure both the safe treatment of landfill leachate and the generation of electricity. The review not only provides an overview of the current state of landfill leachate treatment but also identifies key challenges and sets the stage for future research directions, ultimately contributing to more sustainable and effective solutions in the management of this critical environmental issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliyu Ishaq
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Ismid Mohd Said
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Shamila Binti Azman
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Aliyu Adamu Dandajeh
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Gul Sanga Lemar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kabul University, Jamal Mina, Kabul, Afghanistan
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Botany, Kabul University, Kart-e-Char, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Zainab Toyin Jagun
- Department of Real Estate, School of Built Environment Engineering and Computing, Leeds Beckett University, City Campus, Leeds, UK.
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2
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Ogedey A, Oguz E. Application of electrocoagulation process for the disposal of COD, NH 3-N and turbidity from the intermediate sanitary landfill leachate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11243-11260. [PMID: 38217807 PMCID: PMC10850227 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the COD, NH3-N and turbidity disposal efficiencies from leachate in the Bingöl landfill and highlight the electrocoagulation (EC) process's performance in removing these pollutants. After establishing that landfill leachate was intermediate aged, its characteristics were identified using physical, chemical and elemental analyses. Six parallel-connected electrode plates with stainless steel as the cathode and aluminium as the anode were used to construct an electrocoagulation cell. After a 40-min treatment interval, the optimal disposal efficiencies for COD and turbidity from the leachate were determined to be 87% and 62%, respectively, at pH 5. Following a 40-min reaction, BOD5 concentration and BOD5/COD ratio were determined to be 85.75 mg O2/L and 0.64, respectively, at pH 5. At a NaCl concentration of 10 mM, the optimum disposal efficiency for NH3-N was determined to be 33%. The reaction kinetics matched pseudo-first-order (PFO) kinetics due to high correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.93-0.99) in removing COD, NH3-N and turbidity under different experimental conditions. The optimal reaction rate constants were determined as 2.93 × 10-2 min-1, 1.92 × 10-2 min-1 and 7.3 × 10-3 min-1 for the disposal of COD, NH3-N and turbidity, respectively. Energy consumption, unit energy consumption and total consumption cost rose in the EC process when the current density was augmented from 15 to 25 mA/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysenur Ogedey
- Civil Engineering Department, Munzur University, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Ensar Oguz
- Environmental Engineering Department, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
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3
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Mallick SP, Patel HV, Gawande S, Wadee A, Chen H, McKenna AM, Brazil B, Yu W, Zhao R. Using landfill leachate to indicate the chemical and biochemical activities in elevated temperature landfills. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119719. [PMID: 38043306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate properties contain important information and can be a unique indicator for the chemical and biochemical activities in landfills. In the recent decade, more landfills are experiencing elevated temperature, causing an imbalance in the decomposition of solid waste and affecting the properties of the landfill leachate. This study analyzes the properties of leachate from two landfills that were experiencing elevated temperature (ETLFs), samples were collected from both elevated temperature impacted and non-impacted areas in each landfill. The accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in leachates from elevated temperature impacted areas of both landfill sites revealed that methanogenesis was inhibited by the elevated temperature, which was further confirmed by the more acidic pH, higher H/C elemental ratio, and lower degree of aromaticity of the elevated temperature impacted leachates. Also, carbohydrates depletion indicated possible enhancement of hydrolysis and acidogenesis by elevated temperature, which was supported by compositional comparison of isolated acidic species by negative-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICRMS) at 21 T derived from both elevated temperature impacted and non-impacted areas in the same landfill site. Furthermore, leachate organics fractionation showed that leachates not impacted by elevated temperature contain less hydrophilic fraction and more humic fraction than elevated temperature-impacted leachates for both ETLFs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harsh V Patel
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Sailee Gawande
- Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), Fort Worth, TX, 76118, USA
| | | | - Huan Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-4205, USA
| | - Amy M McKenna
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-4205, USA; Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Brian Brazil
- Waste Management Inc. Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Renzun Zhao
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA.
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Upadhyay A, Singh R, Talwar P, Verma N, Ahire PD, Khatri H, Masakapalli SK, Pareek N, Kumar V, Kovalev AA, Zhuravleva EA, Litti YV, Vivekanand V. Insights into sustainable resource and energy recovery from leachate towards emission mitigation for environmental management: A critical approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 343:118219. [PMID: 37229852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The exponential generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and landfill disposal without any treatment has increased the continuous generation of landfill leachate. Improper MSW and leachate management are contributing to environmental degradation and water and soil pollution, which must be treated. Numerous works have been conducted on leachate treatments for energy and resource recovery. This review presents a comprehensive study of leachate management in which different treatment methods are discussed to analyze the suitability of processes that can be employed to treat leachate efficiently. Further, the characteristics of leachate are examined as properties of leachate may be varied depending upon the region. Still, several challenges related to leachate management and its treatments are discussed in this study. An integrated system could be a better option for treating leachate because it contains large amounts of organic and inorganic compounds. Proper leachate management would help to recover energy and value-added products (metals).
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Upadhyay
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Rickwinder Singh
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Prakhar Talwar
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Nikita Verma
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Pratiksha Dadaji Ahire
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Hemant Khatri
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Shyam Kumar Masakapalli
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, 175075, India.
| | - Nidhi Pareek
- Department of Sports Bio-Sciences, School of Sports Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India.
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Bioenergy and Resource Management Centre, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrey A Kovalev
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM", 1st Institutskiy Proezd, 5, 109428, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elena A Zhuravleva
- Federal Research Center "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 33, 2, 119071, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yuriy V Litti
- Federal Research Center "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 33, 2, 119071, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vivekanand Vivekanand
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
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Ibraheem BM, Aani SA, Alsarayreh AA, Alsalhy QF, Salih IK. Forward Osmosis Membrane: Review of Fabrication, Modification, Challenges and Potential. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13040379. [PMID: 37103806 PMCID: PMC10142686 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is a low-energy treatment process driven by osmosis to induce the separation of water from dissolved solutes/foulants through the membrane in hydraulic pressure absence while retaining all of these materials on the other side. All these advantages make it an alternative process to reduce the disadvantages of traditional desalination processes. However, several critical fundamentals still require more attention for understanding them, most notably the synthesis of novel membranes that offer a support layer with high flux and an active layer with high water permeability and solute rejection from both solutions at the same time, and a novel draw solution which provides low solute flux, high water flux, and easy regeneration. This work reviews the fundamentals controlling the FO process performance such as the role of the active layer and substrate and advances in the modification of FO membranes utilizing nanomaterials. Then, other aspects that affect the performance of FO are further summarized, including types of draw solutions and the role of operating conditions. Finally, challenges associated with the FO process, such as concentration polarization (CP), membrane fouling, and reverse solute diffusion (RSD) were analyzed by defining their causes and how to mitigate them. Moreover, factors affecting the energy consumption of the FO system were discussed and compared with reverse osmosis (RO). This review will provide in-depth details about FO technology, the issues it faces, and potential solutions to those issues to help the scientific researcher facilitate a full understanding of FO technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakr M. Ibraheem
- Membrane Technology Research Unit, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsinaa Street 52, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Saif Al Aani
- The State Company of Energy Production—Middle Region, Ministry of Electricity, Baghdad 10013, Iraq
| | - Alanood A. Alsarayreh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mutah University, P.O. Box 7, Karak 61710, Jordan
| | - Qusay F. Alsalhy
- Membrane Technology Research Unit, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsinaa Street 52, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Issam K. Salih
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah 51001, Iraq
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de Almeida R, Porto RF, Quintaes BR, Bila DM, Lavagnolo MC, Campos JC. A review on membrane concentrate management from landfill leachate treatment plants: The relevance of resource recovery to close the leachate treatment loop. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:264-284. [PMID: 35924944 PMCID: PMC9972246 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221116212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Membrane filtration processes have been used to treat landfill leachate. On the other hand, closing the leachate treatment loop and finding a final destination for landfill leachate membrane concentrate (LLMC) - residual stream of membrane systems - is challenging for landfill operators. The re-introduction of LLMC into the landfill is typical; however, this approach is critical as concentrate pollutants may accumulate in the leachate treatment facility. From that, leachate concentrate management based on resource recovery rather than conventional treatment and disposal is recommended. This work comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art of current research on LLMC management from leachate treatment plants towards a resource recovery approach. A general recovery train based on the main LLMC characteristics for implementing the best recovery scheme is presented in this context. LLMCs could be handled by producing clean water and add-value materials. This paper offers critical insights into LLMC management and highlights future research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronei de Almeida
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
- Department of Civil, Environmental and
Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Ronei de Almeida, School of Chemistry,
Inorganic Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 149
Athos da Silveira Ramos Avenue, laboratory I-124, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909,
Brazil.
| | - Raphael Ferreira Porto
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | | | - Daniele Maia Bila
- Department of Sanitary and Environment
Engineering, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Lavagnolo
- Department of Civil, Environmental and
Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Juacyara Carbonelli Campos
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
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7
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Ibrar I, Yadav S, Altaee A, Safaei J, Samal AK, Subbiah S, Millar G, Deka P, Zhou J. Sodium docusate as a cleaning agent for forward osmosis membranes fouled by landfill leachate wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136237. [PMID: 36049636 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Membrane cleaning is critical for economic and scientific reasons in wastewater treatment systems. Sodium docusate is a laxative agent and removes cerumen (ear wax). Docusate penetrates the hard ear wax, making it softer and easier to remove. The same concept could be applied to soften and remove fouling layers on the membrane surface. Once softened, the foulants can be easily flushed with water. This innovative approach can address the challenge of developing superior methods to mitigate membrane fouling and material degradation. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of sodium docusate for cleaning fouled forward osmosis membranes with real landfill leachate wastewater. Experiments were conducted to examine the impact of dose rate, contact time, flow or static conditions, and process configuration (forward osmosis (FO) or pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) upon fouling created by landfill leachate dewatering. A remarkable (99%) flux recovery was achieved using docusate at a small concentration of only 0.1% for 30 min. Furthermore, docusate can also effectively restore flux with static cleaning without using pumps to circulate the cleaning solution. Furthermore, cleaning efficiency can be achieved at neutral pH compatible with most membrane materials. From an economic and energy-saving perspective, static cleaning can almost achieve the same cleaning efficiency as kinetic cleaning for fouled forward osmosis membranes without the expense of additional pumping energy compared to kinetic cleaning. Since pumping energy is a major contributor to the overall energy of the forward osmosis system, it can be minimized to a certain degree by using a static cleaning approach and can bring good energy savings when using larger membrane areas. Studies of the contact angle on the membrane surface indicated that the contact angle was decreased compared to the fouled membrane after cleaning (e.g. 70.3° to 63.2° or FO mode and static cleaning). Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed that the cleaning strategy was successful. Infrared Spectroscopy showed that a small amount of sodium docusate remained on the membrane surface. Docusate is more environmentally friendly than acid or alkaline solutions from an environmental perspective. Furthermore, the cleaning solution can be reused for several cycles without discarding it due to the surfactant properties of docusate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrar Ibrar
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sudesh Yadav
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ali Altaee
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Javad Safaei
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Akshaya K Samal
- Centre for Nano and Material Science (CNMS), Jain University, India
| | - Senthilmurugan Subbiah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Graeme Millar
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - Priyamjeet Deka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - John Zhou
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
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8
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Review: Brine Solution: Current Status, Future Management and Technology Development. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14116752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Desalination brine is extremely concentrated saline water; it contains various salts, nutrients, heavy metals, organic contaminants, and microbial contaminants. Conventional disposal of desalination brine has negative impacts on natural and marine ecosystems that increase the levels of toxicity and salinity. These issues demand the development of brine management technologies that can lead to zero liquid discharge. Brine management can be productive by adopting economically feasible methodologies, which enables the recovery of valuable resources like freshwater, minerals, and energy. This review focuses on the recent advances in brine management using various membrane/thermal-based technologies and their applicability in water, mineral, and energy recoveries, considering their pros and cons. This review also exemplifies the hybrid processes for metal recovery and zero liquid discharge that may be adopted, so far, as an appropriate futuristic strategy. The data analyzed and outlook presented in this review could definitely contribute to the development of economically achievable future strategies for sustainable brine management.
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9
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Li Y, Xie X, Yin R, Dong Q, Wei Q, Zhang B. Effects of Different Draw Solutions on Biogas Slurry Concentration in Forward Osmosis Membrane: Performance and Membrane Fouling. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050476. [PMID: 35629802 PMCID: PMC9143607 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Biogas slurry poses a severe challenge to the sustainable management of livestock farms. The technology of the forward osmosis (FO) membrane has a good application prospect in the field of biogas slurry concentration. Further research is needed to verify the effects of different draw solutions on FO membranes in biogas slurry treatment and the related membrane fouling characteristics. In this study, three different draw solutions were selected to evaluate the performance of FO membranes for biogas slurry concentration. Membrane fouling was investigated by characterization after FO membrane treatment to identify fouling contaminants. The result showed that FO membrane treatment can realize the concentration of biogas slurry and MgCl2 as the draw solution has the best effect on the concentration of biogas slurry. The different draw solutions all contributed to the efficient retention of most organics and TP while each treatment was ineffective at retaining nitrogen. The cake layer that appeared after the biogas slurry was concentrated covered the surface of the FO membrane. Some functional groups were detected on the surface after membrane fouling, such as C–O and C=C. Moreover, the C element accounts for 57% of the main components of the cake layer after the membrane fouling. Membrane fouling is caused by both organic fouling and inorganic fouling, of which organic fouling is the main reason. This study provides a technical reference for the high-value utilization of biogas slurry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- College of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.L.); (Q.D.)
| | - Xiaomin Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
| | - Rongxiu Yin
- Tea Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China;
| | - Qingzhao Dong
- College of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.L.); (Q.D.)
| | - Quanquan Wei
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China;
| | - Bangxi Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Lee H, Coulon F, Beriro DJ, Wagland ST. Recovering metal(loids) and rare earth elements from closed landfill sites without excavation: Leachate recirculation opportunities and challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133418. [PMID: 34968509 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal (loids) and Rare Earth Elements (REE) ('metals') are used in a wide range of products, and therefore, the improvement of expectations for everyday comforts with demand continues to grow. Metal-bearing wastes are a secondary source of raw material that can meet this demand by providing a previously unconsidered low impact supply source. Total annual leachate production is 1,056,716 m3. Therefore, landfill leachate emerges as a significant potential resource as it contains high concentrations of metals. However, realising a profitable return on investment for leachate processing is a challenge due to relatively low recovery rates of approximately 0.02% of total heavy metals in a landfill being leached out in 30 years. Variation within the multi-element value and the effect of other chemicals in these complex mixtures. There is a need to better understand the mechanisms and potential applicability of extraction methods for optimising metals recovery from leachate. This paper addresses this need by providing a systematic review of the critical factors and environmental conditions that influence the behaviour of metals within the landfilled waste. The paper provides a synthesis of how the factors and conditions may affect leachate recirculation efficiency for recovery in the context of a range of opportunities and challenges facing circular economy practitioners. To approach feasibility metal recovery economically from landfill leachate without energy-intensive and environmentally destructive, future research actions need to be initiated in lab-based and later on semi-pilot to pilot studies, which the review can help achieve the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lee
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - F Coulon
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - D J Beriro
- Digital Laboratories, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - S T Wagland
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK.
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11
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Courtney C, Randall DG. Concentrating stabilized urine with reverse osmosis: How does stabilization method and pre-treatment affect nutrient recovery, flux, and scaling? WATER RESEARCH 2022; 209:117970. [PMID: 34936975 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human urine can be used as a fertilizer, however, due to the high water content (97%), concentration is required to make transportation economically feasible. Reverse osmosis (RO) has been identified as an energy efficient concentration method. Furthermore, to maximize nitrogen recovery from source-separated urine it should be stabilized with an acid or base to prevent urea hydrolysis. However, the method of stabilization will have an impact on the downstream RO process. Calcium hydroxide is often used as a base stabilization method for human urine but would require pre-treatment to remove excess calcium and subsequent membrane scaling. Three pre-treatment methods such as air bubbling, NaHCO3 addition, and NH4HCO3 addition, were investigated in this study. Each method successfully reduced the scaling potential and air bubbling was determined to be the most effective method as it resulted in the highest nutrient recovery during concentration and did not require the addition of any chemicals. Base stabilization with air bubbling pre-treatment was then compared to urine stabilized with citric acid. Acid stabilized urine had a higher nitrogen recovery (7.6% higher). However, solids formed in the real acidified urine and during concentration a brown organic compound formed on the membrane surface. The crystals were identified as uric acid dihydrate and the brown organic fouling resulted in a significant decrease in permeate flux as compared to the base stabilized urine with air bubbling pre-treatment. At a 60% water recovery, 85.5% of the urea and 99.2% of the potassium was recovered in the brine stream and more than 99.9% of the phosphorus was recovered as a separate solid calcium phosphate fertilizer. Whilst nutrient recovery was higher with acid stabilization, the membrane fouling that occurred with this stabilization method meant that base stabilization with air bubbling pre-treatment was the preferred treatment option. It is recommended that acid stabilized urine be concentrated using evaporation processes instead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Courtney
- Civil Engineering Department & Future Water Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
| | - Dyllon G Randall
- Civil Engineering Department & Future Water Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa.
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12
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Mosca Angelucci D, Donati E, Tomei MC. Extractive membrane bioreactor to detoxify industrial/hazardous landfill leachate and facilitate resource recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150892. [PMID: 34653456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is a highly polluted and toxic waste stream harmful to the environment and human health, its biological treatment, even if challenging, offers the opportunity of recovering valuable resources. In this study, we propose the application of an extractive membrane bioreactor equipped with a polymeric tubing, made of Hytrel, as an innovative device able to remove specific organic toxic compounds of the leachate and, at the same time, to produce an effluent rich in valuable chemicals suitable for recovery. The leachate treatment consists in a two-step process: the extraction of specific toxic compounds through the polymeric tubing based on the affinity with the polymer, and their subsequent biodegradation in controlled conditions in the bulk phase of the extractive membrane bioreactor, thus avoiding the direct contact of the microbial consortium with the toxic leachate. Three synthetic streams simulating leachates produced by landfills of typical industrial/hazardous waste, mixed municipal and industrial solid waste, and oil shale industry waste, whose toxic fraction is mainly constituted by phenolic compounds, have been tested. Successful performance was achieved in all the tested conditions, with high removal (≥98%) and biodegradation efficiencies (89-95%) of the toxic compounds. No mass transfer limitations across the tubing occurred during the operation and a marginal accumulation (in the range of 4-7%) into the polymer has been observed. Furthermore, volatile fatty acids and inorganic compounds contained in the leachates were fully recovered in the treated effluent. Feasibility study confirmed the applicability of the proposed bioreactor as a powerful technology able to achieve high toxic removal efficiency in leachate treatment and facilitate resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Mosca Angelucci
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Donati
- Institute for Biological Systems, National Research Council (ISB-CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
| | - M Concetta Tomei
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy.
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13
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Wijekoon P, Koliyabandara PA, Cooray AT, Lam SS, Athapattu BCL, Vithanage M. Progress and prospects in mitigation of landfill leachate pollution: Risk, pollution potential, treatment and challenges. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126627. [PMID: 34343881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The escalating loads of municipal solid waste (MSW) end up in open dumps and landfills, producing continuous flows of landfill leachate. The risk of incorporating highly toxic landfill leachate into environment is important to be evaluated and measured in order to facilitate decision making for landfill leachate management and treatment. Leachate pollution index (LPI) provides quantitative measures of the potential environmental pollution by landfill leachate and information about the environmental quality adjacent to a particular landfill. According to LPI values, most developing countries show high pollution potentials from leachate, mainly due to high organic waste composition and low level of waste management techniques. A special focus on leachate characterization studies with LPI and its integration to treatment, which has not been focused in previous reviews on landfill leachate, is given here. Further, the current review provides a summary related to leachate generation, composition, characterization, risk assessment and treatment together with challenges and perspectives in the sector with its focus to developing nations. Potential commercial and industrial applications of landfill leachate is discussed in the study to provide insights into its sustainable management which is original for the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabuddhi Wijekoon
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Asitha T Cooray
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Bandunee C L Athapattu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka.
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14
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Zhu L, Ding C, Zhu T, Wang Y. A review on the forward osmosis applications and fouling control strategies for wastewater treatment. Front Chem Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-021-2084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Riabtseva A, Ellis SN, Champagne P, Jessop PG, Cunningham MF. CO 2-Responsive Branched Polymers for Forward Osmosis Applications: The Effect of Branching on Draw Solute Properties. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Riabtseva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Sarah N. Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Pascale Champagne
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Beaty Water Research Centre, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- INRS, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Philip G. Jessop
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Michael F. Cunningham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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16
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Wu X, Lau CH, Pramanik BK, Zhang J, Xie Z. State-of-the-Art and Opportunities for Forward Osmosis in Sewage Concentration and Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11050305. [PMID: 33919353 PMCID: PMC8143320 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11050305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The application of membrane technologies for wastewater treatment to recover water and nutrients from different types of wastewater can be an effective strategy to mitigate the water shortage and provide resource recovery for sustainable development of industrialisation and urbanisation. Forward osmosis (FO), driven by the osmotic pressure difference between solutions divided by a semi-permeable membrane, has been recognised as a potential energy-efficient filtration process with a low tendency for fouling and a strong ability to filtrate highly polluted wastewater. The application of FO for wastewater treatment has received significant attention in research and attracted technological effort in recent years. In this review, we review the state-of-the-art application of FO technology for sewage concentration and wastewater treatment both as an independent treatment process and in combination with other treatment processes. We also provide an outlook of the future prospects and recommendations for the improvement of membrane performance, fouling control and system optimisation from the perspectives of membrane materials, operating condition optimisation, draw solution selection, and multiple technologies combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wu
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia;
| | - Cher Hon Lau
- School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK;
| | | | - Jianhua Zhang
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
| | - Zongli Xie
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia;
- Correspondence:
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Aftab B, Cho J, Hur J. UV/H2O2-assisted forward osmosis system for extended filtration, alleviated fouling, and low-strength landfill leachate concentrate. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Salehmin MNI, Lim SS, Satar I, Daud WRW. Pushing microbial desalination cells towards field application: Prevailing challenges, potential mitigation strategies, and future prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 759:143485. [PMID: 33279184 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) have been experimentally proven as a versatile bioelectrochemical system (BES). They have the potential to alleviate environmental pollution, reduce water scarcity and save energy and operational costs. However, MDCs alone are inadequate to realise a complete wastewater and desalination treatment at a high-efficiency performance. The assembly of identical MDC units that hydraulically and electrically connected can improve the performance better than standalone MDCs. In the same manner, the coupling of MDCs with other BES or conventional water reclamation technology has also exhibits a promising performance. However, the scaling-up effort has been slowly progressing, leading to a lack of knowledge for guiding MDC technology into practicality. Many challenges remain unsolved and should be mitigated before MDCs can be fully implemented in real applications. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive chronological-based review that covers technological limitations and mitigation strategies, which have been developed for standalone MDCs. We extend our discussion on how assembled, coupled and scaled-up MDCs have improved in comparison with standalone and lab-scale MDC systems. This review also outlines the prevailing challenges and potential mitigation strategies for scaling-up based on large-scale specifications and evaluates the prospects of selected MDC systems to be integrated with conventional anaerobic digestion (AD) and reverse osmosis (RO). This review offers several recommendations to promote up-scaling studies guided by the pilot scale BES and existing water reclamation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swee Su Lim
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ibdal Satar
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (UAD), 55166 Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wan Ramli Wan Daud
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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19
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Nguyen TT, Adha RS, Field RW, Kim IS. Extended performance study of forward osmosis during wastewater reclamation: Quantification of fouling-based concentration polarization effects on the flux decline. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Gao T, Zhang H, Xu X, Yang F. Dissolved methane rejection by forward osmosis membrane to achieve in-situ energy recovery from anaerobic effluent. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Selmane Bel Hadj Hmida E, Abderrazak H, Ounissi T, Djebali K. Experimental Design and Response Surface Methodologies Use for the Treatment of Leachates by Electrocoagulation Process. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-020-00149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Insight into organic fouling behavior in polyamide thin-film composite forward osmosis membrane: Critical flux and its impact on the economics of water reclamation. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Organic fouling in the forward osmosis process is complex and influenced by different parameters in the forward osmosis such as type of feed and draw solution, operating conditions, and type of membrane. In this article, we reviewed organic fouling in the forward osmosis by focusing on wastewater treatment applications. Model organic foulants used in the forward osmosis literature were highlighted, which were followed by the characteristics of organic foulants when real wastewater was used as feed solution. The various physical and chemical cleaning protocols for the organic fouled membrane are also discussed. The study also highlighted the effective pre-treatment strategies that are effective in reducing the impact of organic fouling on the forward osmosis (FO) membrane. The efficiency of cleaning methods for the removal of organic fouling in the FO process was investigated, including recommendations on future cleaning technologies such as Ultraviolet and Ultrasound. Generally, a combination of physical and chemical cleaning is the best for restoring the water flux in the FO process.
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24
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Rood B, Zhang C, Inniss E, Hu Z. Forward osmosis with an algal draw solution to concentrate municipal wastewater and recover resources. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:689-697. [PMID: 31642156 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to concentrate and recover resources from municipal wastewater with a novel forward osmosis (FO) system. The FO system used synthetic seawater as the draw solution (DS) to extract water from the feed solution (FS) (synthetic raw municipal wastewater). Because ammonium passed through the FO membrane from the FS to the DS, we cultivated an algal strain (Chlorella vulgaris) in the DS to remove and recover ammonium. For three consecutive FO cycles, the algal FO system removed 35.4% of the ammonium from the DS, increased the concentrations of COD and PO 4 3 - - P in the FS by 43.0%, and achieved a water flux of 11.59 ± 0.49 L m-2 hr-1 . Throughout the FO cycles, the algal biomass concentration of the DS stayed at 606 ± 29 mg COD/L due to simultaneous algal growth and DS dilution. This FO process may be feasible to implement for full-scale applications to concentrate wastewater and recover resources. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A novel forward osmosis (FO) system with an algal draw solution (DS) concentrated municipal wastewater and recovered resources (ammonium). Ammonium but not organic matter or phosphate diffused across the FO membrane from the feed solution (FS) to the DS. The algal FO system increased COD/phosphate concentration in the FS by 43.0% and removed 35.4% of ammonium from the DS. The water fluxes in the algal FO system and the control were 11.59 and 12.02 L m-2 hr-1 , respectively. The novel algal FO process has the potential to improve full-scale efficiency by concentrating municipal wastewater and recovering nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Rood
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Chiqian Zhang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Enos Inniss
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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25
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Hube S, Eskafi M, Hrafnkelsdóttir KF, Bjarnadóttir B, Bjarnadóttir MÁ, Axelsdóttir S, Wu B. Direct membrane filtration for wastewater treatment and resource recovery: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136375. [PMID: 31923693 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Direct membrane filtration has shown great potential in wastewater treatment and resource recovery in terms of its superior treated water quality, efficient nutrient recovery, and sustainable operation, especially under some scenarios where biological treatment is not feasible. This paper aims to give a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of direct membrane filtration processes (including pressure-driven, osmotic-driven, thermal-driven, and electrical-driven) in treating different types of wastewater for water reclamation and resource recovery. The factors influencing membrane performance and treatment efficiency in these direct membrane filtration processes are well illustrated, in which membrane fouling was identified as the main challenge. The strategies for improving direct membrane filtration performance, such as physical and chemical cleaning techniques and pretreatment of feed water, are highlighted. Towards scaling-up and long-term operation of direct membrane filtration for effective wastewater reclamation and resource recovery, the challenges are emphasized and the prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Hube
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 2-6, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Majid Eskafi
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 2-6, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Björg Bjarnadóttir
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 2-6, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Margrét Ásta Bjarnadóttir
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 2-6, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Snærós Axelsdóttir
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 2-6, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bing Wu
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 2-6, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.
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26
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Ang WL, Mohammad AW, Johnson D, Hilal N. Unlocking the application potential of forward osmosis through integrated/hybrid process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:136047. [PMID: 31864996 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Study of forward osmosis (FO) has been increasing steadily over recent years with applications mainly focusing on desalination and wastewater treatment processes. The working mechanism of FO lies in the natural movement of water between two streams with different osmotic pressure, which makes it useful in concentrating or diluting solutions. FO has rarely been operated as a stand-alone process. Instead, FO processes often appear in a hybrid or integrated form where FO is combined with other treatment technologies to achieve better overall process performance and cost savings. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review on the need for hybridization/integration for FO membrane processes, with emphasis given to process enhancement, draw solution regeneration, and pretreatment for FO fouling mitigation. In general, integrated/hybrid FO processes can reduce the membrane fouling propensity; prepare the solution suitable for subsequent value-added uses and production of renewable energy; lower the costs associated with energy consumption; enhance the quality of treated water; and enable the continuous operation of FO through the regeneration of draw solution. The future potential of FO lies in the success of how it can be hybridized or integrated with other technologies to minimize its own shortcomings, while enhancing the overall performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lun Ang
- Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Wahab Mohammad
- Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Daniel Johnson
- Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Nidal Hilal
- Centre for Water Advanced Technologies and Environmental Research (CWATER), College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK; NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Li Y, Xu Z, Xie M, Zhang B, Li G, Luo W. Resource recovery from digested manure centrate: Comparison between conventional and aquaporin thin-film composite forward osmosis membranes. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Aftab B, Ok YS, Cho J, Hur J. Targeted removal of organic foulants in landfill leachate in forward osmosis system integrated with biochar/activated carbon treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 160:217-227. [PMID: 31152947 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has been adopted to treat complex wastewater such as landfill leachate due to its high rejection of organics. In this study, the in-line adsorptive process using biochar (BC) or powdered activated carbon (PAC) was applied to a cross flow FO system to enhance the mitigation of the FO membrane fouling from landfill leachate. The changes in the leachate composition along the treatments were tracked by excitation emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) to identify tryptophan-like (C1), fulvic-like (C2), and humic-like (C3) components. After a single operation of FO, the C1 was found to be the main constituent responsible for membrane fouling irrespective of varying operation conditions regarding draw solute concentrations and flow rates. Both sorbents (i.e., BC and PAC) exhibited the preferential removal behavior towards C1 > C2 > C3, which was well supported by their individual adsorption isotherm model parameters. The addition of in-line adsorption treatment to FO resulted in substantial improvements in the filtered volume (>57%) and the flux recovery (>80%) compared to the single FO operation. Without chemical cleaning of membrane, the flux was fully recovered at a dose of 10 g/L BC or 0.3 g/L of PAC. A significant and negative correlation was found between the flux recovery and the C1 of the feed leachate or the corresponding spectral peak intensity (p < 0.05) for the integrated FO system, suggesting the potential of using on-line fluorescence monitoring for the performance of the integrated system in terms of fouling mitigation. This study provided a new insight into the effectiveness of BC or PAC adsorption as the in-line integration with an FO system for the targeted removal of FO membrane foulants in landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Aftab
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Cho
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
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30
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Iskander SM, Novak JT, He Z. Reduction of reagent requirements and sludge generation in Fenton's oxidation of landfill leachate by synergistically incorporating forward osmosis and humic acid recovery. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 151:310-317. [PMID: 30616043 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Applications of Fenton's oxidation of landfill leachate is limited by both high reagent requirements and a large amount of sludge generation. To address those issues, forward osmosis (FO) and humic acid (HA) recovery were incorporated with Fenton's treatment. In the FO, leachate was concentrated by 3.2 times in 10 hours using a 5-M NaCl draw solution. The HA recovery increased from 1.86 to 2.45 g L-1 at pH 2 after FO concentration, mainly because of the replacement of O in the HA structure by other inorganics (i.e., Cl, Na, K) with higher molecular weights. Due to the movement of alkalinity causing species (i.e., HCO3-, CO32-) to the draw side driven by a concentration gradient, the H2SO4 requirement per g of recovered HA and per g of removed COD decreased by 46.4% and 17.1%, respectively. The HA recovery also decreased sludge generation by 30%. At a dimensionless oxidant dose of 0.5, the proposed system reduced the overall requirement of H2SO4 by 25.2%, NaOH by 34.6%, and both FeSO4.7H2O and H2O2 by 35%, compared to the standalone Fenton's treatment of raw leachate. Those results have demonstrated that the proposed system could greatly decrease the leachate volume, lower the reagent requirements, and reduce the sludge production towards sustainable leachate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeed Md Iskander
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - John T Novak
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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31
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Inada A, Yumiya K, Takahashi T, Kumagai K, Hashizume Y, Matsuyama H. Development of thermoresponsive star oligomers with a glycerol backbone as the draw solute in forward osmosis process. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Gao Y, Fang Z, Liang P, Zhang X, Qiu Y, Kimura K, Huang X. Anaerobic digestion performance of concentrated municipal sewage by forward osmosis membrane: Focus on the impact of salt and ammonia nitrogen. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 276:204-210. [PMID: 30634163 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sewage can become a valuable source if its treatment is re-oriented. Forward osmosis (FO) is an effective pre-treatment for concentrating solutions. A laboratory-scale anaerobic digestion (AD) bioreactor was setup for the treatment of concentrated real sewage by FO membrane to investigate the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biogas production. Inhibitory batch tests were carried out for the impact of NaCl and NH4+-N. Results showed that the concentrated sewage could be purified with 80% COD removal, and energy recovery could be achieved. But the process was inhibited. The results of inhibitory batch test showed that (i) when the NH4+-N concentration was lower (<200 mg/L), the biogas production was promoted, when it went high, the inhibition appeared; (ii) single existence of NaCl had negative influence on methane production; (iii) the inhibition was more severe with co-existence of NaCl and NH4+-N. The AD performance could be recovered via sludge acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Liang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Katsuki Kimura
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Xia Huang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Zou S, Qin M, He Z. Tackle reverse solute flux in forward osmosis towards sustainable water recovery: reduction and perspectives. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 149:362-374. [PMID: 30471532 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has emerged as a potentially energy-efficient membrane treatment technology to yield high-quality reusable water from various wastewater/saline water sources. A key challenge remained to be solved for FO is reverse solute flux (RSF), which can cause issues like reduced concentration gradient and loss of draw solutes. Yet no universal parameters have been developed to compare RSF control performance among various studies, making it difficult to position us in this "battle" against RSF. In this paper, we have conducted a concise review of existing RSF reduction approaches, including operational strategies (e.g., pressure-, electrolysis-, and ultrasound-assisted osmosis) and advanced membrane development (e.g., new membrane fabrication and existing membrane modification). We have also analyzed the literature data to reveal the current status of RSF reduction. A new parameter, mitigation ratio (MR), was proposed and used together with specific RSF (SRSF) to evaluate RSF reduction performance. Potential research directions have been discussed to help with future RSF control. This review intends to shed more light on how to effectively tackle solute leakage towards a more cost-effective and environmental-friendly FO treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Mohan Qin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale Univeristy, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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Contrera RC, Lucero Culi MJ, Morita DM, Rodrigues JAD, Zaiat M, Schalch V. Biomass growth and its mobility in an AnSBBR treating landfill leachate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 82:37-50. [PMID: 30509594 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work used a pilot scale (with a total volume of 1300 L) Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (AnSBBR) to treat landfill leachate from São Carlos-SP (Brazil) as well as to evaluate the biomass growth and its behavior. Biomass from the bottom of a landfill leachate stabilization pond was immobilized in polyurethane foam cubes as inoculum. The leachate characteristics varied during the experiment. Ethanol or volatile fatty acids were added as additional substrate when the leachate was temporarily recalcitrant. After acclimation, the AnSBBR presented efficiency over 70% (COD removal). A mass balance model, biomass sampling and temporal concentration profiles were performed to obtain a biomass yield coefficient of YX/S = 0.0251 ± 0.0006 gTVS gCOD removed (r2 = 0.999). Additionally, it was observed that a variable fraction of the attached biomass may detach itself or present mobility during the batch time, however returning to fixed bed depending on the substrate type and concentration. This behavior has never been reported by the literature for attached biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Cleber Contrera
- Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Ambiental (PHA), Escola Politécnica (EP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Prof. Almeida Prado, 83 trav. 2, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mario José Lucero Culi
- Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Ambiental (PHA), Escola Politécnica (EP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Prof. Almeida Prado, 83 trav. 2, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dione Mari Morita
- Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Ambiental (PHA), Escola Politécnica (EP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Prof. Almeida Prado, 83 trav. 2, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Laboratório de Processos Biológicos (LPB), Departamento de Hidráulica e Saneamento (SHS), Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos (EESC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental, Bloco 4-F, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, CEP: 13.563-120 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Valdir Schalch
- Departamento de Hidráulica e Saneamento (SHS), Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos (EESC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, Centro, CEP: 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Deng Y, Feng C, Chen N, Hu W, Kuang P, Liu H, Hu Z, Li R. Research on the treatment of biologically treated landfill leachate by joint electrochemical system. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 82:177-187. [PMID: 30509580 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Biologically treated landfill leachate (BTLL) is typically characterized by significantly high amount of total nitrogen (TN) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), and it has low biodegradability. In this study, a joint electrochemical system (JES) composed of iron anode reactor (IAR) and Ti/RuO2 anode reactor (TAR) was constructed to remove both TN and COD from BTLL and improve its biodegradability. The IAR and TAR with the same structure but using different anodes. As a result, JES could simultaneously remove COD and TN by 90.9 ± 0.3% and 90.2 ± 1.0%, respectively. Reduction of nitrite-N by Cu/Zn cathode in IAR and oxidation of ammonium-N by active chlorine in TAR were the major pathways for TN removal, while the COD could be removed by coagulation of iron flocs and oxidation by hydroxyl radicals and active chlorine. Fluorescence spectrum and parallel factor analysis showed that the main components of organics in BTLL were humic-like substances, fulvic-like substances, and soluble microbial degradation products. Humic-like substances were particularly removed by JES, and the remaining organics after electrolysis were some alkanes (e.g., heptane and nonane). Furthermore, decrease in molecular weight and aromaticity and increase in biodegradable substances indicated that the biodegradability of BTLL was effectively improved by the JES. The developed JES is a promising approach for application in the BTLL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution (China University of Geosciences (Beijing)), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; China University of Geosciences (Beijing), College of Water Resources and Environment, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuanping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution (China University of Geosciences (Beijing)), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; China University of Geosciences (Beijing), College of Water Resources and Environment, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Nan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution (China University of Geosciences (Beijing)), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; China University of Geosciences (Beijing), College of Water Resources and Environment, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Weiwu Hu
- China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Journal Center, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peijing Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution (China University of Geosciences (Beijing)), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; China University of Geosciences (Beijing), College of Water Resources and Environment, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hengyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution (China University of Geosciences (Beijing)), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; China University of Geosciences (Beijing), College of Water Resources and Environment, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhengxia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution (China University of Geosciences (Beijing)), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; China University of Geosciences (Beijing), College of Water Resources and Environment, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Iskander SM, Zhao R, Pathak A, Gupta A, Pruden A, Novak JT, He Z. A review of landfill leachate induced ultraviolet quenching substances: Sources, characteristics, and treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 145:297-311. [PMID: 30165315 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate contains extremely diverse mixtures of pollutants and thus requires appropriate treatment before discharge. Co-treatment of landfill leachate with sewage in wastewater treatment plants is a common approach because of low cost and convenience. However, some recalcitrant organic compounds in leachate can escape biological treatment processes, lower the UV transmittance of waste streams due to their UV-quenching properties, and interfere with the associated disinfection efficacy. Thus, the leachate UV quenching substances (UVQS) must be removed or reduced to a level that UV disinfection is not strongly affected. UVQS consist of three major fractions, humic acids, fulvic acids and hydrophilics, each of which has distinct characteristics and behaviors during treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide a synthesis of the state of the science regarding UVQS and possible treatment approaches. In general, chemical, electrochemical, and physical treatments are more effective than biological treatments, but also costlier. Integration of multiple treatment methods to target the removal of different fractions of UVQS can aid in optimizing treatment. The importance of UVQS effects on wastewater treatment should be better recognized and understood with implemented regulations and improved research and treatment practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeed Md Iskander
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - Renzun Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, 77710, United States; Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, United States.
| | - Ankit Pathak
- Hazen and Sawyer, Fairfax, VA, 22033, United States
| | - Abhinav Gupta
- Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, United States
| | - Amy Pruden
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - John T Novak
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States.
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Bishoge OK, Zhang L, Suntu SL, Jin H, Zewde AA, Qi Z. Remediation of water and wastewater by using engineered nanomaterials: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 53:537-554. [PMID: 29364029 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1424991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is currently a fast-rising socioeconomic and political knowledge-based technology owing to the unique characteristics of its engineered nanomaterials. This branch of technology is useful for water and wastewater remediation. Many scientists and researchers have been conducting different studies and experiments on the applications of engineered nanomaterials at the local to international level. This review mainly aims to provide a current overview of existing knowledge on engineered nanomaterials and their applications in water and wastewater remediation. Furthermore, the present risks and challenges of nanotechnology are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obadia K Bishoge
- a Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants , Beijing , PR China
- b School of Energy and Environmental Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , PR China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- a Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants , Beijing , PR China
- b School of Energy and Environmental Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , PR China
| | - Shaldon L Suntu
- c Information Engineering, School of Computer and Communication Technology , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , PR China
| | - Hui Jin
- a Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants , Beijing , PR China
- b School of Energy and Environmental Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , PR China
| | - Abraham A Zewde
- a Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants , Beijing , PR China
- b School of Energy and Environmental Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , PR China
| | - Zhongwei Qi
- a Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants , Beijing , PR China
- b School of Energy and Environmental Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , PR China
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Iskander SM, Novak JT, He Z. Enhancing forward osmosis water recovery from landfill leachate by desalinating brine and recovering ammonia in a microbial desalination cell. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 255:76-82. [PMID: 29414176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a microbial desalination cell (MDC) was employed to desalinate the FO treated leachate for reduction of both salinity and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The FO recovered 51.5% water from a raw leachate and the recovery increased to 83.5% from the concentrated leachate after desalination in the MDC fed with either acetate or another leachate as an electron source and at a different hydraulic retention time (HRT). Easily-degraded substrate like acetate and a long HRT resulted in a low conductivity desalinated effluent. Ammonia was also recovered in the MDC cathode with a recovery efficiency varying from 11 to 64%, affected by current generation and HRT. Significant COD reduction, as high as 65.4%, was observed in the desalination chamber and attributed to the decrease of both organic and inorganic compounds via diffusion and electricity-driven movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeed Md Iskander
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - John T Novak
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Gao Y, Fang Z, Liang P, Huang X. Direct concentration of municipal sewage by forward osmosis and membrane fouling behavior. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:730-735. [PMID: 30060407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) draws attention due to its advantages compares to traditional pressure-driven membrane processes. In this study, a FO membrane concentrating system was built for sewage concentration to investigate membrane rejection, concentrating effect, membrane fouling behavior. Sewage could be concentrated to 1/10 original volume by FO membrane, while pollutants concentrating multiple could not reach 10. The FO membrane had excellent rejecting effect, with effluent COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration of 18, 2.5, 2.8, 0.4mg/L, respectively. The FO membrane flux was mainly associated with the draw solution (DS) concentration, which increased with DS concentration but more severe membrane fouling engendered in the meantime. Scanning electronic microscope and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated the formation and constitution of the fouling layer, which included humic acid, protein, and polysaccharide. After concentration, fouled FO membrane was remitted by physical and chemical cleaning, with recovery of 90% and 96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Liang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xia Huang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Wu S, Zou S, Liang G, Qian G, He Z. Enhancing recovery of magnesium as struvite from landfill leachate by pretreatment of calcium with simultaneous reduction of liquid volume via forward osmosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:137-146. [PMID: 28803191 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate contains substances that can be potentially recovered as valuable resources. In this study, magnesium in a landfill leachate was recovered as struvite with calcium pretreatment; meanwhile, the leachate volume was reduced by using a submerged forward osmosis (FO) process, thereby enabling significant reduction of further treatment footprint and cost. Without pretreatment, calcium exhibited strong competition for phosphate with magnesium. The pretreatment with a Ca2+: CO32- molar ratio of 1:1.4 achieved a relatively low loss rate of Mg2+ (24.1±2.0%) and high Ca2+ removal efficiency (89.5±1.7%). During struvite recovery, 98.6±0.1% of magnesium could be recovered with a significantly lower residual PO43--P concentration (<25mgL-1) under the condition of (Mg+Caresidual): P molar ratio of 1:1.5 and pH9.5. The obtained struvite had a similar crystal structure and composition (19.3% Mg and 29.8% P) to that of standard struvite. The FO process successfully recovered water from the leachate and reduced its volume by 37%. The configuration of calcium pretreatment - FO - struvite recovery was found to be the optimal arrangement in terms of FO performance. These results have demonstrated the feasibility of magnesium recovery from landfill leachate and the importance of the calcium pretreatment, and will encourage further efforts to assess the value and purity of struvite for commercial use and to develop new methods for resource recovery from leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Shiqiang Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Guannan Liang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Guangren Qian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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