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Wang Z, Zhang CM, Li YF. Influence of suspended particles and dissolved organic matters on virus enrichment in reclaimed water by two-step tangential flow ultrafiltration: Phenomena and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134494. [PMID: 38703688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Enteric virus concentration in large-volume water samples is crucial for detection and essential for assessing water safety. Certain dissolution and suspension components can affect the enrichment process. In this study, tangential flow ultrafiltration (TFUF) was used as an enrichment method for recovering enteric virus in water samples. Interestingly, the bacteriophage MS2 recovery in reclaimed water and the reclaimed water without particles were higher than that in ultrapure water. The simulated reclaimed water experiments showed that humic acid (HA) (92.16% ± 4.32%) and tryptophan (Try) (81.50 ± 7.71%) enhanced MS2 recovery, while the presence of kaolin (Kaolin) inhibited MS2 recovery with an efficiency of 63.13% ± 11.17%. Furthermore, Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the MS2-HA cluster and the MS2-Try cluster had larger roughness values on the membrane surface, making it difficult to be eluted, whereas MS2-Kaolin cluster had compact surfaces making it difficult to be eluted. Additionally, the MS2-HA cluster is bound to the membrane by single hydrogen bond with SO, whereas both the MS2-Try cluster and the MS2-Kaolin cluster are bound to the membrane by two hydrogen bonds, making eluting MS2 challenging. These findings have potential implications for validating standardized methods for virus enrichment in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Chong-Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Yong-Fu Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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2
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Raza S, Wdowiak M, Paczesny J. An Overview of Diverse Strategies To Inactivate Enterobacteriaceae-Targeting Bacteriophages. EcoSal Plus 2023; 11:eesp00192022. [PMID: 36651738 PMCID: PMC10729933 DOI: 10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0019-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and thus threaten industrial processes relying on the production executed by bacterial cells. Industries bear huge economic losses due to such recurring and resilient infections. Depending on the specificity of the process, there is a need for appropriate methods of bacteriophage inactivation, with an emphasis on being inexpensive and high efficiency. In this review, we summarize the reports on antiphagents, i.e., antibacteriophage agents on inactivation of bacteriophages. We focused on bacteriophages targeting the representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family, as its representative, Escherichia coli, is most commonly used in the bio-industry. The review is divided into sections dealing with bacteriophage inactivation by physical factors, chemical factors, and nanotechnology-based solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sada Raza
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wdowiak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Paczesny
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Rashed AO, Huynh C, Merenda A, Rodriguez-Andres J, Kong L, Kondo T, Razal JM, Dumée LF. Dry-spun carbon nanotube ultrafiltration membranes tailored by anti-viral metal oxide coatings for human coronavirus 229E capture in water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 11:110176. [PMID: 37234558 PMCID: PMC10201849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2023.110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although waterborne virus removal may be achieved using separation membrane technologies, such technologies remain largely inefficient at generating virus-free effluents due to the lack of anti-viral reactivity of conventional membrane materials required to deactivating viruses. Here, a stepwise approach towards simultaneous filtration and disinfection of Human Coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) in water effluents, is proposed by engineering dry-spun ultrafiltration carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes, coated with anti-viral SnO2 thin films via atomic layer deposition. The thickness and pore size of the engineered CNT membranes were fine-tuned by varying spinnable CNT sheets and their relative orientations on carbon nanofibre (CNF) porous supports to reach thicknesses less than 1 µm and pore size around 28 nm. The nanoscale SnO2 coatings were found to further reduce the pore size down to ∼21 nm and provide more functional groups on the membrane surface to capture the viruses via size exclusion and electrostatic attractions. The synthesized CNT and SnO2 coated CNT membranes were shown to attain a viral removal efficiency above 6.7 log10 against HCoV-229E virus with fast water permeance up to ∼4 × 103 and 3.5 × 103 L.m-2.h-1.bar-1, respectively. Such high performance was achieved by increasing the dry-spun CNT sheets up to 60 layers, orienting successive 30 CNT layers at 45°, and coating 40 nm SnO2 on the synthesized membranes. The current study provides an efficient scalable fabrication scheme to engineer flexible ultrafiltration CNT-based membranes for cost-effective filtration and inactivation of waterborne viruses to outperform the state-of-the-art ultrafiltration membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O Rashed
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, 3216 Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chi Huynh
- LINTEC OF AMERICA, INC. Nano-Science and Technology Center, 2900 E. Plano Pkwy. Suite 100, Plano, TX 75074, United States
| | - Andrea Merenda
- School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | | | - Lingxue Kong
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, 3216 Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- LINTEC OF AMERICA, INC. Nano-Science and Technology Center, 2900 E. Plano Pkwy. Suite 100, Plano, TX 75074, United States
| | - Joselito M Razal
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, 3216 Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Khalifa University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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4
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Karczewska M, Strzelecki P, Szalewska-Pałasz A, Nowicki D. How to Tackle Bacteriophages: The Review of Approaches with Mechanistic Insight. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054447. [PMID: 36901878 PMCID: PMC10003480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophage-based applications have a renaissance today, increasingly marking their use in industry, medicine, food processing, biotechnology, and more. However, phages are considered resistant to various harsh environmental conditions; besides, they are characterized by high intra-group variability. Phage-related contaminations may therefore pose new challenges in the future due to the wider use of phages in industry and health care. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge of bacteriophage disinfection methods, as well as highlight new technologies and approaches. We discuss the need for systematic solutions to improve bacteriophage control, taking into account their structural and environmental diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Patryk Strzelecki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7504, 23 rue du Loess, CEDEX 2, F-67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnieszka Szalewska-Pałasz
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dariusz Nowicki
- Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-523-6065
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5
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Hadidi N, Mohebbi M. Anti-Infective and Toxicity Properties of Carbon Based Materials: Graphene and Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122439. [PMID: 36557692 PMCID: PMC9784703 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, antimicrobial activities of various carbon-based nanomaterials against specific pathogens have become one of the most significant research interests in this field. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising multidisciplinary nanostructures in biomedicine, drug delivery, genetic engineering, biosensors, and artificial implants. However, the biomedical administration of CNTs is dependent on their solubility, toxicity, and biocompatibility, as well as novel drug-delivery applications through optimization of the drug's loading capacity, cellular absorption, and continuous release within the target cell. The usage of CNTs and Graphene materials as antimicrobial agents and nanocarriers for antibiotics delivery would possibly improve their bioavailability and facilitate better anti-infective therapy. However, it is worth mentioning that CNTs' antimicrobial activity and toxicity are highly dependent on their preparation and synthesis method. Various types of research have confirmed that diameter, length, residual catalyst, metal content, surface coating, electronic structure, and dispersibility would affect CNTs' toxicity toward bacteria and human cells. In this review article, a general study was performed on the antimicrobial properties of carbon-based nanomaterials, as well as their toxicity and applications in confronting different microorganisms. This study could be useful for researchers who are looking for new and effective drug delivery methods in the field of microbial resistance.
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6
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Sheoran K, Siwal SS, Kapoor D, Singh N, Saini AK, Alsanie WF, Thakur VK. Air Pollutants Removal Using Biofiltration Technique: A Challenge at the Frontiers of Sustainable Environment. ACS ENGINEERING AU 2022; 2:378-396. [PMID: 36281334 PMCID: PMC9585892 DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.2c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Air pollution is
a central problem faced by industries during the
production process. The control of this pollution is essential for
the environment and living organisms as it creates harmful effects.
Biofiltration is a current pollution management strategy that concerns
removing odor, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and other pollutants
from the air. Recently, this approach has earned vogue globally due
to its low-cost and straightforward technique, effortless function,
high reduction efficacy, less energy necessity, and residual consequences
not needing additional remedy. There is a critical requirement to
consider sustainable machinery to decrease the pollutants arising
within air and water sources. For managing these different kinds of
pollutant reductions, biofiltration techniques have been utilized.
The contaminants are adsorbed upon the medium exterior and are metabolized
to benign outcomes through immobilized microbes. Biofiltration-based
designs have appeared advantageous in terminating dangerous pollutants
from wastewater or contaminated air in recent years. Biofiltration
uses the possibilities of microbial approaches (bacteria and fungi)
to lessen the broad range of compounds and VOCs. In this review, we
have discussed a general introduction based on biofiltration and the
classification of air pollutants based on different sources. The history
of biofiltration and other mechanisms used in biofiltration techniques
have been discussed. Further, the crucial factors of biofilters that
affect the performance of biofiltration techniques have been discussed
in detail. Finally, we concluded the topic with current challenges
and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karamveer Sheoran
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Samarjeet Singh Siwal
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Deepanshi Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Nirankar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Adesh K. Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Walaa Fahad Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
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7
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Mubeen B, Ansar AN, Rasool R, Ullah I, Imam SS, Alshehri S, Ghoneim MM, Alzarea SI, Nadeem MS, Kazmi I. Nanotechnology as a Novel Approach in Combating Microbes Providing an Alternative to Antibiotics. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1473. [PMID: 34943685 PMCID: PMC8698349 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of infectious diseases promises to be one of the leading mortality factors in the healthcare sector. Although several drugs are available on the market, newly found microorganisms carrying multidrug resistance (MDR) against which existing drugs cannot function effectively, giving rise to escalated antibiotic dosage therapies and the need to develop novel drugs, which require time, money, and manpower. Thus, the exploitation of antimicrobials has led to the production of MDR bacteria, and their prevalence and growth are a major concern. Novel approaches to prevent antimicrobial drug resistance are in practice. Nanotechnology-based innovation provides physicians and patients the opportunity to overcome the crisis of drug resistance. Nanoparticles have promising potential in the healthcare sector. Recently, nanoparticles have been designed to address pathogenic microorganisms. A multitude of processes that can vary with various traits, including size, morphology, electrical charge, and surface coatings, allow researchers to develop novel composite antimicrobial substances for use in different applications performing antimicrobial activities. The antimicrobial activity of inorganic and carbon-based nanoparticles can be applied to various research, medical, and industrial uses in the future and offer a solution to the crisis of antimicrobial resistance to traditional approaches. Metal-based nanoparticles have also been extensively studied for many biomedical applications. In addition to reduced size and selectivity for bacteria, metal-based nanoparticles have proven effective against pathogens listed as a priority, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Moreover, antimicrobial studies of nanoparticles were carried out not only in vitro but in vivo as well in order to investigate their efficacy. In addition, nanomaterials provide numerous opportunities for infection prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and biofilm control. This study emphasizes the antimicrobial effects of nanoparticles and contrasts nanoparticles' with antibiotics' role in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms. Future prospects revolve around developing new strategies and products to prevent, control, and treat microbial infections in humans and other animals, including viral infections seen in the current pandemic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismillah Mubeen
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (B.M.); (A.N.A.); (R.R.); (I.U.)
| | - Aunza Nayab Ansar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (B.M.); (A.N.A.); (R.R.); (I.U.)
| | - Rabia Rasool
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (B.M.); (A.N.A.); (R.R.); (I.U.)
| | - Inam Ullah
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (B.M.); (A.N.A.); (R.R.); (I.U.)
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Li R, Cui L, Chen M, Huang Y. Nanomaterials for Airborne Virus Inactivation: A Short Review. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021; 5:1-11. [PMCID: PMC7596633 DOI: 10.1007/s41810-020-00080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that broke out at the end of 2019 spread rapidly around the world, causing a large number of deaths and serious economic losses. Previous studies showed that aerosol transmission is one of the main pathways for the spread of COVID-19, Therefore, effective control measures are urgently needed to contain the epidemic. Nanomaterials have broad-spectrum antiviral capabilities, and their inactivation for viruses in the air has been extensively studied. This review discusses antiviral nanomaterials such as metal nanomaterials, metal oxide-based nano-photocatalysts, and nonmetallic nanomaterials; summarizes their structure and chemical properties, the efficiency of inactivating viruses, the mechanism of inactivating viruses, and the application of virus purification in the air. This review provides insights on the development and application of antiviral nanomaterials, which can help control the aerosol transmission of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG), Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Long Cui
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG), Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG), Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an, 710061 People’s Republic of China
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9
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Review on Carbon Nanotube Varieties for Healthcare Application: Effect of Preparation Methods and Mechanism Insight. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8121654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many potential uses of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in various sectors have created an urge to assess their diverse range of properties pertaining to various applications like catalysis, biosensor, and antimicrobial activity. Increasing studies on the biosensor and antibacterial activity of CNT have prompted tremendous interest in the utilization of the carbon-based nanostructured material as an alternative to currently existing antibiotics. However, the study of bactericidal aspects of this nanomaterial is relatively new and hence the deeper understanding of the various physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial nature of CNT is extremely wanted. This review covers the effect of framework substitution and explains the understanding of membrane disintegration and oxidative stresses upon nanomaterials for antimicrobial activity. The present article has also reviewed effect of preparation nanoparticle deposition and framework modification on carbon nanotube structure. The recent research on graphene-modified nanomaterials for biosensor applications related to healthcare/clinical applications have also been discussed. Major physicochemical contributing factors such as size, functionalization, high surface area, and aggregation features of CNT assisting in the bacterial killing have nicely been outlined. Hence, the present review explains the supporting information related with Single and multi-walled carbon nanotube and summarized the advantages of functionalized carbon nanotube/graphene-based nanostructured carbon-based materials towards protection and reduction of bacterial/viral infections in the healthcare sector.
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10
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Jacquin C, Yu D, Sander M, Domagala KW, Traber J, Morgenroth E, Julian TR. Competitive co-adsorption of bacteriophage MS2 and natural organic matter onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes. WATER RESEARCH X 2020; 9:100058. [PMID: 32613183 PMCID: PMC7322093 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A leading challenge in drinking water treatment is to remove small-sized viruses from the water in a simple and efficient manner. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are new generation adsorbents with previously demonstrated potential as filter media to improve virus removal. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the field applicability of MWCNT-filters for virus removal in water containing natural organic matter (NOM) as co-solute to viruses, using batch equilibrium experiments. Contrary to previous studies, our results showed with MS2 bacteriophages single-solute systems that the affinity of MWCNT for MS2 was low, since after 3 h of equilibration only 4 log10 reduction value (LRV) of MS2 (20 mL at an initial concentration of 106 PFU MS2/mL) were reached. Single solute experiments with Suwannee river NOM (SRNOM) performed with environmentally-relevant concentrations showed MWCNT surface saturation at initial SRNOM concentrations between 10 and 15 mgC/L, for water pH between 5.2 and 8.7. These results suggested that at NOM:virus ratios found in natural waters, the NOM would competitively suppress virus adsorption onto MWCNT, even at low NOM concentrations. We confirmed this expectation with SRNOM-MS2 co-solute experiments, which showed an exponential decrease of the MS2 LRV by MWCNT with an increase in the initial SRNOM concentration. More interestingly, we showed that pre-equilibrating MWCNT with a SRNOM solution at a concentration as low as 0.4 mgC/L resulted in a LRV decrease of 3 for MS2, due to the formation of a negatively charged SRNOM adlayer on the MWCNT surface. Complementary batch experiments with natural NOM-containing waters and competition experiments with SRNOM in the presence of CaCl2 confirmed that the presence of NOM in waters challenges virus removal by MWCNT-filters, irrespective of the concentration and type of NOM and also in the presence of Ca2+. We therefore conclude that MWCNT-filters produced with commercially available pristine MWCNT cannot be considered as a viable technology for drinking water virus removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Jacquin
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Corresponding author.
| | - Diya Yu
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Michael Sander
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kamila W. Domagala
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- AGH, University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacqueline Traber
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Eberhard Morgenroth
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Timothy R. Julian
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health, P.O. Box, 4001, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Aasi A, Aghaei SM, Moore MD, Panchapakesan B. Pt-, Rh-, Ru-, and Cu-Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Are Exceptional Candidates for Design of Anti-Viral Surfaces: A Theoretical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5211. [PMID: 32717853 PMCID: PMC7432269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As SARS-CoV-2 is spreading rapidly around the globe, adopting proper actions for confronting and protecting against this virus is an essential and unmet task. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) promoting molecules such as peroxides are detrimental to many viruses, including coronaviruses. In this paper, metal decorated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were evaluated for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) adsorption for potential use for designing viral inactivation surfaces. We employed first-principles methods based on the density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the capture of an individual H2O2 molecule on pristine and metal (Pt, Pd, Ni, Cu, Rh, or Ru) decorated SWCNTs. Although the single H2O2 molecule is weakly physisorbed on pristine SWCNT, a significant improvement on its adsorption energy was found by utilizing metal functionalized SWCNT as the adsorbent. It was revealed that Rh-SWCNT and Ru-SWCNT systems demonstrate outstanding performance for H2O2 adsorption. Furthermore, we discovered through calculations that Pt- and Cu-decorated SWNCT-H2O2 systems show high potential for filters for virus removal and inactivation with a very long shelf-life (2.2 × 1012 and 1.9 × 108 years, respectively). The strong adsorption of metal decorated SWCNTs and the long shelf-life of these nanomaterials suggest they are exceptional candidates for designing personal protection equipment against viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Aasi
- Small Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA; (A.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Sadegh M Aghaei
- Small Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA; (A.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Matthew D. Moore
- Applied and Environmental Virology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Balaji Panchapakesan
- Applied and Environmental Virology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
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12
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Abstract
As the nanotechnological applications have taken over in different fields, their applications for water and wastewater treatment is also surfacing as a fast-developing and very promising area. Recent advancements in nanotechnological science and engineering advise that many of the waterborne pathogens could be culminated or debilitated using nanobiosorbents, nanocatalysts, bioactive nanoparticles, nanostructured catalytic membranes, nanobioreactors, nanoparticle-enhanced filtration among other products, and processes resulting from the development of nanotechnology. A detailed insight has been provided for advanced techniques such as photochemical (photocatalytic and advanced oxidation processes) applications of metal oxide nanoparticles, nanomembrane technology, bioinspired nanomaterials, and nanotechnological innovations (nano-Ag, fullerenes, nanotubes, and molecularly imprinted polymers, etc.), which prove to be highly potential as well as promising and cost-effective. However, there are still some shortcomings and challenges that must be overcome which will be looked upon in this chapter.
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13
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Naskar A, Kim KS. Nanomaterials as Delivery Vehicles and Components of New Strategies to Combat Bacterial Infections: Advantages and Limitations. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E356. [PMID: 31527443 PMCID: PMC6780078 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Life-threatening bacterial infections have been well-controlled by antibiotic therapies and this approach has greatly improved the health and lifespan of human beings. However, the rapid and worldwide emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria has forced researchers to find alternative treatments for MDR infections as MDR bacteria can sometimes resist all the present day antibiotic therapies. In this respect, nanomaterials have emerged as innovative antimicrobial agents that can be a potential solution against MDR bacteria. The present review discusses the advantages of nanomaterials as potential medical means and carriers of antibacterial activity, the types of nanomaterials used for antibacterial agents, strategies to tackle toxicity of nanomaterials for clinical applications, and limitations which need extensive studies to overcome. The current progress of using different types of nanomaterials, including new emerging strategies for the single purpose of combating bacterial infections, is also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Naskar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kwang-Sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
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14
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Merryman AE, Sabaraya IV, Rowles LS, Toteja A, Carrillo SI, Sabo-Attwood T, Saleh NB. Interaction between functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and MS2 bacteriophages in water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:1140-1145. [PMID: 31018430 PMCID: PMC6688616 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Fate and transport of carbon nanomaterials can be strongly dependent on the interaction with secondary particulates in the aquatic systems. Bio-particulates in water, e.g., viruses with charged and hydrophobic surface moieties, may profoundly influence the interfacial behavior and hence the environmental fate of nanomaterials (and vice versa). This study systematically evaluates the interfacial interaction of acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with MS2 bacteriophages, or heteroaggregation behavior of these particulates, under mono- and di-valent cations and with Suwannee River humic acid (SRHA). Results indicate that the highest concentration of MS2 (i.e., MWNT:MS2 of 100:1) renders exceptional stability of MWNTs, even in high salinity conditions. However, at lower MS2 concentrations (i.e., MWNT:MS2 of 1000:1 and 10,000:1), the suppression of MWNT heteroaggregation rate is not as significant. The observed enhanced stability is likely caused by the preferential attachment of the MS2 capsids onto MWNT surfaces, which is mediated by electrostatic attraction (between negatively charged oxygen-containing moieties on MWNTs and positively charged amino acid residues on MS2 surfaces) and/or by MS2 capsids with positive hydropathy index (indicating strong hydrophobicity). Presence of SRHA also shows stability enhancement; however, at lower MS2 concentrations, SRHA dominated the heteroaggregation behavior. These results implicate that preferential interaction between virus capsids (i.e., MS2 and may be other waterborne viruses) and carbonaceous nanomaterials may influence environmental transport of both in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Merryman
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Indu Venu Sabaraya
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Lewis Stetson Rowles
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Aleesha Toteja
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Sofia I Carrillo
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Tara Sabo-Attwood
- Department of Environment and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States of America
| | - Navid B Saleh
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America.
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15
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Nanotherapeutic Anti-influenza Solutions: Current Knowledge and Future Challenges. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1417-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Liu D, Mao Y, Ding L. Carbon nanotubes as antimicrobial agents for water disinfection and pathogen control. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2018; 16:171-180. [PMID: 29676754 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2018.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne diseases significantly affect human health and are responsible for high mortality rates worldwide. Antibiotics have been known for decades for treatment of bacterial strains and their overuse and irrational applications are causing increasing bacteria resistance. Therefore, there is a strong need to find alternative ways for efficient water disinfection and microbial control. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have demonstrated strong antimicrobial properties due to their remarkable structure. This paper reviews the antimicrobial properties of CNTs, discusses diverse mechanisms of action against microorganisms as well as their applicability for water disinfection and microbial control. Safety concerns, challenges of CNTs as antimicrobial agents and future opportunities for their application in the water remediation process are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail:
| | - Yiqin Mao
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail:
| | - Lijun Ding
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail:
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17
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Sarkar B, Mandal S, Tsang YF, Kumar P, Kim KH, Ok YS. Designer carbon nanotubes for contaminant removal in water and wastewater: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:561-581. [PMID: 28865273 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The search for effective materials for environmental cleanup is a scientific and technological issue of paramount importance. Among various materials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess unique physicochemical, electrical, and mechanical properties that make them suitable for potential applications as environmental adsorbents, sensors, membranes, and catalysts. Depending on the intended application and the chemical nature of the target contaminants, CNTs can be designed through specific functionalization or modification processes. Designer CNTs can remarkably enhance contaminant removal efficiency and facilitate nanomaterial recovery and regeneration. An increasing number of CNT-based materials have been used to treat diverse organic, inorganic, and biological contaminants. These success stories demonstrate their strong potential in practical applications, including wastewater purification and desalination. However, CNT-based technologies have not been broadly accepted for commercial use due to their prohibitive cost and the complex interactions of CNTs with other abiotic and biotic environmental components. This paper presents a critical review of the existing literature on the interaction of various contaminants with CNTs in water and soil environments. The preparation methods of various designer CNTs (surface functionalized and/or modified) and the functional relationships between their physicochemical characteristics and environmental uses are discussed. This review will also help to identify the research gaps that must be addressed for enhancing the commercial acceptance of CNTs in the environmental remediation industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy Sarkar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; Department of Geological Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Sanchita Mandal
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Nano Science and Materials, Central University of Jammu, Jammu 181143, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Shimabuku QL, Arakawa FS, Fernandes Silva M, Ferri Coldebella P, Ueda-Nakamura T, Fagundes-Klen MR, Bergamasco R. Water treatment with exceptional virus inactivation using activated carbon modified with silver (Ag) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:2058-2069. [PMID: 27766917 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1245361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Continuous flow experiments (450 mL min-1) were performed in household filter in order to investigate the removal and/or inactivation of T4 bacteriophage, using granular activated carbon (GAC) modified with silver and/or copper oxide nanoparticles at different concentrations. GAC and modified GAC were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, specific surface area, pore size and volume, pore average diameter, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The antiviral activity of the produced porous media was evaluated by passing suspensions of T4 bacteriophage (∼105 UFP/mL) through filters. The filtered water was analyzed for the presence of the bacteriophage and the release of silver and copper oxide. The porous media containing silver and copper oxide nanoparticles showed high inactivation capacity, even reaching reductions higher than 3 log. GAC6 (GAC/Ag0.5%Cu1.0%) was effective in the bacteriophage inactivation, reaching 5.53 log reduction. The levels of silver and copper released in filtered water were below the recommended limits (100 ppb for silver and 1000 ppb for copper) in drinking water. From this study, it is possible to conclude that activated carbon modified with silver and copper oxide nanoparticles can be used as a filter for virus removal in the treatment of drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quelen Letícia Shimabuku
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , State University of Maringá , Maringá , Paraná , Brazil
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , University of West Parana , Toledo , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Flávia Sayuri Arakawa
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , State University of Maringá , Maringá , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Marcela Fernandes Silva
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , State University of Maringá , Maringá , Paraná , Brazil
| | | | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- c Department of Basic Health Sciences , State University of Maringá , Maringá , Paraná , Brazil
| | | | - Rosangela Bergamasco
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , State University of Maringá , Maringá , Paraná , Brazil
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19
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Gaikwad MS, Deshmukh AR, Saudagar S, Kulkarni V. Synthesis and characterization of CS/MWCNTs/ES composites and its performance in removal of Cu (II) from aqueous solution. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2016.1186090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra S. Gaikwad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Aarti R. Deshmukh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vishnupuri, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - Salam Saudagar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vishnupuri, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaibhav Kulkarni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vishnupuri, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
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20
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Kim JP, Kim JH, Kim J, Lee SN, Park HO. A nanofilter composed of carbon nanotube-silver composites for virus removal and antibacterial activity improvement. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 42:275-283. [PMID: 27090720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a new nanofilter using a carbon nanotube-silver composite material that is capable of efficiently removing waterborne viruses and bacteria. The nanofilter was subjected to plasma surface treatment to enhance its flow rate, which was improved by approximately 62%. Nanoscale pores were obtained by fabricating a carbon nanotube network and using nanoparticle fixation technology for the removal of viruses. The pore size of the nanofilter was approximately 38 nm and the measured flow rate ranged from 21.0 to 97.2L/(min·m(2)) under a pressure of 1-6 kgf/cm(2) when the amount of loaded carbon nanotube-silver composite was 1.0 mg/cm(2). The nanofilter was tested against Polio-, Noro-, and Coxsackie viruses using a sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect the presence of viral particles within the outflow. No trace of viruses was found to flow through the nanofilter with carbon nanotube-silver composite loaded above 0.8 mg/cm(2). Moreover, the surface of the filter has antibacterial properties to prevent bacterial clogging due to the presence of 20-nm silver nanoparticles, which were synthesized on the carbon nanotube surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pyo Kim
- Nano Development Team, Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon 306-220, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Ha Kim
- Nano Development Team, Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon 306-220, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Nano Development Team, Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon 306-220, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo No Lee
- Nano Development Team, Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon 306-220, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Oh Park
- Nano Development Team, Bioneer Corporation, Daejeon 306-220, Republic of Korea
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21
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Boncel S, Kyzioł-Komosińska J, Krzyżewska I, Czupioł J. Interactions of carbon nanotubes with aqueous/aquatic media containing organic/inorganic contaminants and selected organisms of aquatic ecosystems--A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 136:211-221. [PMID: 26022284 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique molecular architecture translating into numerous every-day applications, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) will be ultimately an increasingly significant environmental contaminant. This work reviews qualitative/quantitative analyses of interactions of various types of CNTs and their chemically modified analogues with aqueous/aquatic media containing organic and inorganic contaminants and selected organisms of aquatic ecosystems. A special emphasis was placed on physicochemical interactions between CNTs as adsorbents of heavy metal cations and aromatic compounds (dyes) with its environmental consequences. The studies revealed CNTs as more powerful adsorbents of aromatic compounds (an order of magnitude higher adsorption capacity) than metal cations. Depending on the presence of natural organic matter (NOM) and/or co-contaminants, CNTs may act as Trojan horse while passing through biological membranes (in the absence of NOM coordinating metal ions). Nanotubes, depending on flow conditions and their morphology/surface chemistry, may travel with natural waters or sediment with immobilized PAHs or metals and/or increase cyto- and ecotoxicity of PAHs/metal ions by their release via competitive complexation, or cause synergic ecotoxicity while adsorbing nutrients. Additionally, toxicity of CNTs against exemplary aquatic microorganisms was reviewed. It was found for Daphnia magna that longer exposures to CNTs led to higher ecotoxicity with a prolonged CNTs excretion. SWCNTs were more toxic than MWCNTs, while hydrophilization of CNTs via oxidation or anchoring thereto polar/positively charged polymer chains enhanced stability of nanotubes dispersion in aqueous media. On the other hand, bioavailability of functionalized CNTs was improved leading to more complex both mechanisms of uptake and cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Boncel
- Silesian University of Technology, Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Joanna Kyzioł-Komosińska
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Iwona Krzyżewska
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Justyna Czupioł
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
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22
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Bridle H, Balharry D, Gaiser B, Johnston H. Exploitation of Nanotechnology for the Monitoring of Waterborne Pathogens: State-of-the-Art and Future Research Priorities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:10762-77. [PMID: 26301863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated drinking water is one of the most important environmental contributors to the human disease burden. Monitoring of water for the presence of pathogens is an essential part of ensuring drinking water safety. In order to assess water quality it is essential to have methods available to sample and detect the type, level and viability of pathogens in water which are effective, cheap, quick, sensitive, and where possible high throughput. Nanotechnology has the potential to drastically improve the monitoring of waterborne pathogens when compared to conventional approaches. To date, there have been no reviews that outline the applications of nanotechnology in this area despite increasing exploitation of nanotechnology for this purpose. This review is therefore the first overview of the state-of-the-art in the application of nanotechnology to waterborne pathogen sampling and detection schemes. Research in this field has been centered on the use of engineered nanomaterials. The effectiveness and limitations of nanomaterial-based approaches is outlined. A future outlook of the advances that are likely to emerge in this area, as well as recommendations for areas of further research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Bridle
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University , Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Balharry
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
- Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh , Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Birgit Gaiser
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Helinor Johnston
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University , Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
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23
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Dankovich TA. Microwave-assisted incorporation of silver nanoparticles in paper for point-of-use water purification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2014; 1:367-378. [PMID: 25400935 PMCID: PMC4230793 DOI: 10.1039/c4en00067f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This work reports an environmentally benign method for the in situ preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in paper using microwave irradiation. Through thermal evaporation, microwave heating with an excess of glucose relative to the silver ion precursor yields nanoparticles on the surface of cellulose fibers within three minutes. Paper sheets were characterized by electron microscopy, UV-Visible reflectance spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity and silver release from the AgNP sheets were assessed for model Escherichia coli and Enterococci faecalis bacteria in deionized water and in suspensions that also contained with various influent solution chemistries, i.e. with natural organic matter, salts, and proteins. The paper sheets containing silver nanoparticles were effective in inactivating the test bacteria as they passed through the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A. Dankovich
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Virginia. Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
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24
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Park KT, Hwang J. Filtration and inactivation of aerosolized bacteriophage MS2 by a CNT air filter fabricated using electro-aerodynamic deposition. CARBON 2014; 75:401-410. [PMID: 32226084 PMCID: PMC7094535 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were coated on a sample of glass fiber air filter medium at atmospheric pressure and room temperature using electro-aerodynamic deposition (EAD). In the EAD method, CNTs (diameter: 50 nm, length: 2-3 μm) were aerosolized, electrically charged, and injected through a nozzle. A voltage was applied externally between the ground nozzle and a planar electrode on which the sample was located. The charged CNTs were deposited on the sample in a vertically standing posture even at a low flow velocity. Before the deposition experiment, a calculation was performed to determine the applied voltage by simulating the electric field, flow field, and particle trajectory. Using CNT-coated filter samples, virus aerosol filtration and anti-viral tests were carried out using the aerosol number counting method and the plaque counting method, respectively. For this purpose, bacteriophage MS2 was aerosolized with an atomizer. The particle filtration efficiency was increased to 33.3% in the most penetration particle size zone (100 nm) and the antiviral efficiency of the CNT filter was 92% when the coating areal density was 1.5 × 109 #/cm2. The susceptibility constant of virus to CNTs was 0.2 cm2/μg.
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25
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Zhao B, Jiang Y, Jin Y, Zhang J. Function of bacterial cells and their exuded extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in virus removal by red soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:9242-9250. [PMID: 24723350 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The potential influence of autochthonous microorganisms on virus fate in soil is usually determined through extreme conditions of sterilization vs. nonsterilization; however, the relative importance of microbial cells and their exudates remains unclear. In this study, bacterial cells (cell) were harvested, and their exuded extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were extracted from three strains of bacteria, namely, Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. This study aimed to evaluate virus removal in solutions in the presence of cell, EPS, and their combination (cell/EPS), as well as to investigate how their presence affects virus removal efficiencies by four red soils based on batch experiments. Results showed that virus removal percentage in solutions ranged from 11 to 23 in the presence of cells only and from 12 to 15 in the presence of EPS only. The removal percentage in the combined cell/EPS treatment can be estimated by summing the results achieved by the cell and EPS treatments, separately. Meanwhile, cell presence had a negligible effect on virus removal by red soils. EPS and combined cell/EPS significantly reduced virus removal by 20 to 69% and 16 to 50%, respectively, which indicated that EPS served a dominant function in reducing virus removal. This study clearly demonstrated that the prediction of virus removal by red soils must consider the effect of bacteria, especially those producing large quantities of EPS, which can be responsible for the underestimation of viral load in certain studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 821, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China,
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Hossain F, Perales-Perez OJ, Hwang S, Román F. Antimicrobial nanomaterials as water disinfectant: applications, limitations and future perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 466-467:1047-59. [PMID: 23994736 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology and its application is one of the rapidly developing sciences. As demand of fresh drinking water is increasing, nanotechnology can contribute noticeable development and improvement to water treatment process. Disinfection process is the last and most important step in water and wastewater treatment process. Some nanomaterials can be used as disinfectants due to their antimicrobial properties and reduce the possibility of harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation during traditional disinfection process. A significant number of research efforts is done or going on to understand the mechanisms and enhance the efficiency of nanomaterials as antimicrobial agents, although it will take more time to understand the full potential of nanomaterials in this field. This review paper focuses on inactivation pathways of benign nanomaterials, their possible and probable application and limitations as disinfectants and future opportunities for their application in water cleaning processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Hossain
- Department of Engineering Science and Materials, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez 00680, Puerto Rico.
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27
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Gutierrez L, Nguyen TH. Interactions between rotavirus and natural organic matter isolates with different physicochemical characteristics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:14460-8. [PMID: 24152034 DOI: 10.1021/la402893b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Interaction forces between rotavirus and Suwanee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) or Colorado River NOM (CRNOM) were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in NaCl solutions and at unadjusted pH (5.7-5.9). Compared to CRNOM, SRNOM has more aromatic carbon and phenolic/carboxylic functional groups. CRNOM is characterized with aliphatic structure and considerable presence of polysaccharide moieties rich in hydroxyl functional groups. Strong repulsive forces were observed between rotavirus and silica or mica or SRNOM. The interaction decay length derived from the approaching curves for these systems involving rotavirus in high ionic strength solution was significantly higher than the theoretical Debye length. While no adhesion was observed for rotavirus and SRNOM, attraction was observed between CRNOM and rotavirus during approach and adhesion during retraction. Moreover, these adhesion forces decreased with increasing ionic strength. Interactions due to ionic hydrogen bonding between deprotonated carboxyl groups on rotavirus and hydroxyl functional groups on CRNOM were suggested as the dominant interaction mechanisms between rotavirus and CRNOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Gutierrez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Safe Global Water Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Gallagher M, Huang H, Schwab K, Fairbrother D, Teychene B. Generating backwashable carbon nanotube mats on the inner surface of polymeric hollow fiber membranes. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Ahmed F, Santos CM, Mangadlao J, Advincula R, Rodrigues DF. Antimicrobial PVK:SWNT nanocomposite coated membrane for water purification: performance and toxicity testing. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:3966-3975. [PMID: 23545165 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrated that coated nitrocellulose membranes with a nanocomposite containing 97% (wt%) of polyvinyl-N-carbazole (PVK) and 3% (wt%) of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) (97:3 wt% ratio PVK:SWNT) achieve similar or improved removal of bacteria when compared with 100% SWNTs coated membranes. Membranes coated with the nanocomposite exhibited significant antimicrobial activity toward Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (≈ 80-90%); and presented a virus removal efficiency of ≈ 2.5 logs. Bacterial cell membrane damage was considered a possible mechanism of cellular inactivation since higher efflux of intracellular material (Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA) was quantified in the filtrate of PVK-SWNT and SWNT membranes than in the filtrate of control membranes. To evaluate possible application of these membrane filters for drinking water treatment, toxicity of PVK-SWNT was tested against fibroblast cells. The results demonstrated that PVK-SWNT was non toxic to fibroblast cells as opposed to pure SWNT (100%). These results suggest that it is possible to synthesize antimicrobial nitrocellulose membranes coated with SWNT based nanocomposites for drinking water treatment. Furthermore, membrane filters coated with the nanocomposite PVK-SWNT (97:3 wt% ratio PVK:SWNT) will produce more suitable coated membranes for drinking water than pure SWNTs coated membranes (100%), since the reduced load of SWNT in the nanocomposite will reduce the use of costly and toxic SWNT nanomaterial on the membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Ahmed
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204-5003, USA
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30
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Pablos C, van Grieken R, Marugán J, Chowdhury I, Walker SL. Study of bacterial adhesion onto immobilized TiO2: Effect on the photocatalytic activity for disinfection applications. Catal Today 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Zhang YX, Liu ZL, Sun B, Xu WH, Liu JH. An alternative hydrothermal route to amorphous carbon nanotubes for treatment of organic pollutants in water. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43310b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Gutierrez L, Nguyen TH. Interactions between rotavirus and Suwannee River organic matter: aggregation, deposition, and adhesion force measurement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:8705-8713. [PMID: 22834686 DOI: 10.1021/es301336u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between rotavirus and Suwannee River natural organic matter (NOM) were studied by time-resolved dynamic light scattering, quartz crystal microbalance, and atomic force microscopy. In NOM-containing NaCl solutions of up to 600 mM, rotavirus suspension remained stable for over 4 h. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement for interaction force decay length at different ionic strengths showed that nonelectrostatic repulsive forces were mainly responsible for eliminating aggregation in NaCl solutions. Aggregation rates of rotavirus in solutions containing 20 mg C/L increased with divalent cation concentration until reaching a critical coagulation concentration of 30 mM CaCl(2) or 70 mM MgCl(2). Deposition kinetics of rotavirus on NOM-coated silica surface was studied using quartz crystal microbalance. Experimental attachment efficiencies for rotavirus adsorption to NOM-coated surface in MgCl(2) solution were lower than in CaCl(2) solution at a given divalent cation concentration. Stronger adhesion force was measured for virus-virus and virus-NOM interactions in CaCl(2) solution compared to those in MgCl(2) or NaCl solutions at the same ionic strength. This study suggested that divalent cation complexation with carboxylate groups in NOM and on virus surface was an important mechanism in the deposition and aggregation kinetics of rotavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Gutierrez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Zhang W, Charleux B, Cassagnau P. Viscoelastic Properties of Water Suspensions of Polymer Nanofibers Synthesized via RAFT-Mediated Emulsion Polymerization. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300529t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- C2P2 (Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers & Processes), CNRS, UMR 5265, CPE Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Team LCPP Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bernadette Charleux
- C2P2 (Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers & Processes), CNRS, UMR 5265, CPE Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Team LCPP Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Cassagnau
- CNRS, Ingénierie des
Matériaux Polymères (IMP-UMR 5223), Université
Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 15 Boulevard
Latarjet, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Tanneru CT, Chellam S. Mechanisms of virus control during iron electrocoagulation--microfiltration of surface water. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:2111-20. [PMID: 22326196 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Results from a laboratory-scale study evaluating virus control by a hybrid iron electrocoagulation - microfiltration process revealed only 1.0-1.5 log MS2 bacteriophage reduction even at relatively high iron dosages (≈ 13 mg/L as Fe) for natural surface water containing moderate natural organic matter (NOM) concentrations (4.5 mg/L dissolved organic carbon, DOC). In contrast, much greater reductions were measured (6.5-log at pH 6.4 and 4-log at pH 7.5) at similar iron dosages for synthetic water that was devoid of NOM. Quantitative agreement with Faraday's law with 2-electron transfer and speciation with phenanthroline demonstrated electrochemical generation of soluble ferrous iron. Near quantitative extraction of viruses by dissolving flocs formed in synthetic water provided direct evidence of their removal by sorption and enmeshment onto iron hydroxide flocs. In contrast, only approximately 1% of the viruses were associated with the flocs formed in natural water consistent with the measured poor removals. 1-2 logs of virus inactivation were also observed in the electrochemical cell for synthetic water (no NOM) but not for surface water (4.5 mg/L DOC). Sweep flocculation was the dominant destabilization mechanism since the ζ potential did not reach zero even when 6-log virus reductions were achieved. Charge neutralization only played a secondary role since ζ potential → 0 with increasing iron electrocoagulant dosage. Importantly, virus removal from synthetic water decreased when Suwanee River Humic Acid was added. Therefore, NOM present in natural waters appears to reduce the effectiveness of iron electrocoagulation pretreatment to microfiltration for virus control by complexing ferrous ions. This inhibits (i) Fe(2+) oxidation, precipitation, and virus destabilization and (ii) virus inactivation through reactive oxygen species intermediates or by direct interactions with Fe(2+) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charan Tej Tanneru
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, TX 77204-4003, USA
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35
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Simultaneous removal of copper(II), lead(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) from aqueous solutions by multi-walled carbon nanotubes. CR CHIM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Amarnath S, Hussain MA, Nanjundiah V, Sood AK. <i>β</i>-Galactosidase Leakage from <i>Escherichia coli</i> Points to Mechanical Damageas Likely Cause of Carbon Nanotube Toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/snl.2012.23008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Laponite assisted dispersion of carbon nanotubes in water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 365:127-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Bradley I, Straub A, Maraccini P, Markazi S, Nguyen TH. Iron oxide amended biosand filters for virus removal. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:4501-10. [PMID: 21708394 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory studies were performed to determine if the addition of iron oxides throughout biosand filter (BSF) media would increase virus removal due to adsorption. The proposed mechanism is electrostatic adsorption of negatively charged virion particles to positively charged iron oxides formed during the corrosion of zerovalent iron. Initial tests conducted using continuous flow, small-scale glass columns showed high MS2 bacteriophage removal in an iron-amended sand column (5log10) compared to a sand-only column (0.5log10) over 20 pore volumes. Additionally, two experiments with a column containing iron particles revealed 4log10 and 5log10 removal of rotavirus in the presence of 20 mg/L total organic carbon. Full-scale BSFs with iron particles removed>4log10 MS2 for the duration of the experiment (287 days), while BSF with steel wool removed>4log10 MS2 for the first 160 days. Plug flow for the BSF was shown to depend on uniformity between the iron oxide material and sand media grains. The results suggest that the duration of effective virus removal by iron-amended biosand filtration depends on source water conditions and the quantity and composition of iron material added. Overall, this study provides evidence that iron-amended BSFs may advance the field of point-of-use technologies and bring relief to millions of people suffering from waterborne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Bradley
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
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39
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Kinetics and thermodynamic study of aniline adsorption by multi-walled carbon nanotubes from aqueous solution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 360:760-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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"Nanoantibiotics": a new paradigm for treating infectious diseases using nanomaterials in the antibiotics resistant era. J Control Release 2011; 156:128-45. [PMID: 21763369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1037] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that we live in an era of advanced and innovative technologies for elucidating underlying mechanisms of diseases and molecularly designing new drugs, infectious diseases continue to be one of the greatest health challenges worldwide. The main drawbacks for conventional antimicrobial agents are the development of multiple drug resistance and adverse side effects. Drug resistance enforces high dose administration of antibiotics, often generating intolerable toxicity, development of new antibiotics, and requests for significant economic, labor, and time investments. Recently, nontraditional antibiotic agents have been of tremendous interest in overcoming resistance that is developed by several pathogenic microorganisms against most of the commonly used antibiotics. Especially, several classes of antimicrobial nanoparticles (NPs) and nanosized carriers for antibiotics delivery have proven their effectiveness for treating infectious diseases, including antibiotics resistant ones, in vitro as well as in animal models. This review summarizes emerging efforts in combating against infectious diseases, particularly using antimicrobial NPs and antibiotics delivery systems as new tools to tackle the current challenges in treating infectious diseases.
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Vecitis CD, Schnoor MH, Rahaman MS, Schiffman JD, Elimelech M. Electrochemical multiwalled carbon nanotube filter for viral and bacterial removal and inactivation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:3672-9. [PMID: 21388183 DOI: 10.1021/es2000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has potential to offer solutions to problems facing the developing world. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of an anodic multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) microfilter toward the removal and inactivation of viruses (MS2) and bacteria (E. coli). In the absence of electrolysis, the MWNT filter is effective for complete removal of bacteria by sieving and multilog removal of viruses by depth-filtration. Concomitant electrolysis during filtration results in significantly increased inactivation of influent bacteria and viruses. At applied potentials of 2 and 3 V, the electrochemical MWNT filter reduced the number of bacteria and viruses in the effluent to below the limit of detection. Application of 2 and 3 V for 30 s postfiltration inactivated >75% of the sieved bacteria and >99.6% of the adsorbed viruses. Electrolyte concentration and composition had no correlation to electrochemical inactivation consistent with a direct oxidation mechanism at the MWNT filter surface. Potential dependent dye oxidation and E. coli morphological changes also support a direct oxidation mechanism. Advantages of the electrochemical MWNT filter for pathogen removal and inactivation and potential for point-of-use drinking water treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad D Vecitis
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States.
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42
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Brady-Estévez AS, Schnoor MH, Vecitis CD, Saleh NB, Elimelech M. Multiwalled carbon nanotube filter: improving viral removal at low pressure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:14975-82. [PMID: 20795662 DOI: 10.1021/la102783v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The effective removal of viruses by a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) filter is demonstrated over a range of solution chemistries. MS2 bacteriophage viral removal by the MWNT filter was between 1.5 and 3 log higher than that observed with a recently reported single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) filter when examined under similar loadings (0.3 mg/cm(2)) of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The greater removal of viruses by the MWNT filter is attributed to a more uniform CNT-filter matrix that allows effective removal of viruses by physicochemical (depth) filtration. Viral removal by the MWNT filter was examined under a broad range of water compositions (ionic strength, monovalent and divalent salts, solution pH, natural organic matter, alginate, phosphate, and bicarbonate) and filter approach velocities (0.0016, 0.0044, and 0.0072 cm/s). Log viral removal increased as the fluid approach velocity decreased, exhibiting a dependence on approach velocity in agreement with colloid filtration theory for Brownian particles. Viral removal improved with increasing ionic strength (NaCl), from 5.06 log removal at 1 mM NaCl to greater than 6.56 log removal at 100 mM NaCl. Addition of calcium ions also enhanced viral removal, but the presence of magnesium ions resulted in a decrease in viral removal. Solution pH also played an important role in viral removal, with log removals of 8.13, 5.38, and 4.00 being documented at solution pH values of 3.0, 5.5, and 9.0, respectively. Dissolved natural organic matter (NOM) had a negligible effect on viral removal at low concentration (1 mg/L), but higher concentrations of NOM significantly reduced the viral removal by the MWNT filter, likely due to steric repulsion. Addition of alginate (model polysaccharide) also caused a marked decrease in viral removal by the MWNT filter. This highly scalable MWNT-filter technology at gravity-driven pressures presents new, cost-effective options for point-of-use filters for viral removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Brady-Estévez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, USA
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