1
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Okezue MA, Byrn SJ, Clase KL. Determining the solubilities for benzoate, nicotinate, hydrochloride, and malonate salts of bedaquiline. Int J Pharm 2022; 627:122229. [PMID: 36162611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Determining the solubility of a compound is important for predicting its oral bioavailability, the medium to be used for dissolution, and solvents for cleaning during manufacturing. The solubilities of the newly synthesized benzoate, hydrochloride, nicotinate, and malonate salts of bedaquiline were elucidated, and the plausible reasons for the differences observed in their experimental aqueous solubilities were highlighted. The shake flask method was used to determine the experimental solubilities of the bedaquiline free base and all the salts in water, 0.01 N HCl, and pH 6.8 buffer. The molar and mole fraction solubility estimates of the salts were determined using equations for ideal and non-ideal situations. Furthermore, the relative contribution of the lattice and activity coefficient to the overall aqueous solubility of the salts were predicted graphically. The new salts ranked hydrochloride [0.6437 mg/mL] > malonate [0.0268 mg/ml] > nicotinate [0.0024 mg/mL] > benzoate [0.0004 mg/mL], showed improved aqueous solubility over the free base. The general solubility equation [GSE], fairly predicted the solubilities for the benzoate and malonate salts, but the ideal solubility equations provided poor estimates of their experimental values. Based on the ideal solubility estimates, the crystal lattice contributions of all salts were malonate > nicotinate > HCl > benzoate. However, using the activity coefficient values, the order of hydrophobicity of the bedaquiline salts was: benzoate > nicotinate > malonate > HCl. The salts forms of bedaquiline offered additional solubility as a function of their crystallinity and hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy A Okezue
- Department of Industrial & Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Stephen J Byrn
- Department of Industrial & Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Kari L Clase
- School of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Biotechnology Innovation & Regulatory Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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2
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Hriňová E, Skořepová E, Čerňa I, Královičová J, Kozlík P, Křížek T, Roušarová J, Ryšánek P, Šíma M, Slanař O, Šoóš M. Explaining dissolution properties of rivaroxaban cocrystals. Int J Pharm 2022; 622:121854. [PMID: 35623488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve rivaroxaban water-solubility by cocrystal preparation and to understand this process. The screening with water-soluble coformers was performed via both mechanochemical and solution-mediated techniques. Two cocrystals of rivaroxaban with malonic acid and oxalic acid were prepared, and the structure of the cocrystal with oxalic acid was solved. Both cocrystals exhibit improved dissolution properties. The mechanism of the supersaturation maintenance was studied by in-situ Raman spectroscopy. The transformation into rivaroxaban dihydrate was identified as the critical step in the improved dissolution properties of both cocrystals. Moreover, the transformation kinetics and solubilization effects of the coformers were identified as responsible for the differences in the dissolution behavior of the cocrystals. In-vivo experiments proved that the use of cocrystal instead of form I of free API helped to increase the bioavailability ofrivaroxaban.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Hriňová
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic.
| | - Eliška Skořepová
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic; Department of Structure Analysis, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Čerňa
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 10237 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Královičová
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kozlík
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Křížek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Roušarová
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Ryšánek
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Šíma
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Slanař
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šoóš
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic
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3
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Five decades of doxycycline: Does nanotechnology improve its properties? Int J Pharm 2022; 618:121655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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4
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Casula L, Lai F, Pini E, Valenti D, Sinico C, Cardia MC, Marceddu S, Ailuno G, Fadda AM. Pulmonary Delivery of Curcumin and Beclomethasone Dipropionate in a Multicomponent Nanosuspension for the Treatment of Bronchial Asthma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081300. [PMID: 34452261 PMCID: PMC8401312 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin has shown a potential extraordinary activity as an add-on ingredient in asthma treatment, due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory mechanism of action. However, its low water solubility and bioavailability lead to a poor therapeutic effect, which can be overcome by its formulation as nanocrystals. The aim of this study was to prepare a multicomponent formulation for the delivery of curcumin (CUR) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) into the lungs as water-based nanosuspensions (NS). Single component formulations (CUR-NS, BDP-NS) and a multicomponent formulation (CUR+BDP-NS) were prepared through a wet ball media milling technique, using P188 as a non-toxic stabilizer. Characterization was carried out in terms of size, size distribution, zeta potential, nanocrystals morphology, and solid-state properties. Moreover, the inhalation delivery efficiency was studied with Next Generation Impactor (NGI, Apparatus E Ph. Eu). CUR-NS was optimized and showed a long-term stability and improved nanocrystals apparent solubility. The three formulations exhibited a nanocrystal mean diameter in the range of 200-240 nm and a homogenous particle size distribution. Aggregation or sedimentation phenomena were not observed in the multicomponent formulation on 90 days storage at room temperature. Finally, the nebulization tests of the three samples showed optimal aerodynamic parameters and MMAD < 5 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Casula
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (L.C.); (F.L.); (D.V.); (C.S.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Francesco Lai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (L.C.); (F.L.); (D.V.); (C.S.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Elena Pini
- DISFARM, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Donatella Valenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (L.C.); (F.L.); (D.V.); (C.S.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Chiara Sinico
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (L.C.); (F.L.); (D.V.); (C.S.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Maria Cristina Cardia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (L.C.); (F.L.); (D.V.); (C.S.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Salvatore Marceddu
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA)-CNR, Sez. di Sassari, 07040 Baldinca, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Fadda
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (L.C.); (F.L.); (D.V.); (C.S.); (M.C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-070-675-8565
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5
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Ureshino H, Kurahashi Y, Watanabe T, Yamashita S, Kamachi K, Yamamoto Y, Fukuda-Kurahashi Y, Yoshida-Sakai N, Hattori N, Hayashi Y, Kawaguchi A, Tohyama K, Okada S, Harada H, Ushijima T, Kimura S. Silylation of Deoxynucleotide Analog Yields an Orally Available Drug with Antileukemia Effects. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1412-1421. [PMID: 34045225 PMCID: PMC9398096 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA methyltransferase inhibitors have improved the prognosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, because these agents are easily degraded by cytidine deaminase (CDA), they must be administered intravenously or subcutaneously. Recently, two orally bioavailable DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, CC-486 and ASTX727, were approved. In previous work, we developed 5-O-trialkylsilylated decitabines that resist degradation by CDA. However, the effects of silylation of a deoxynucleotide analog and enzymatic cleavage of silylation have not been fully elucidated. Enteric administration of OR21 in a cynomolgus monkey model led to high plasma concentrations and hypomethylation, and in a mouse model, oral administration of enteric-coated OR21 led to high plasma concentrations. The drug became biologically active after release of decitabine (DAC) from OR21 following removal of the 5'-O-trisilylate substituent. Toxicities were tolerable and lower than those of DAC. Transcriptome and methylome analysis of MDS and AML cell lines revealed that OR21 increased expression of genes associated with tumor suppression, cell differentiation, and immune system processes by altering regional promoter methylation, indicating that these pathways play pivotal roles in the action of hypomethylating agents. OR21 induced cell differentiation via upregulation of the late cell differentiation drivers CEBPE and GATA-1 Thus, silylation of a deoxynucleotide analog can confer oral bioavailability without new toxicities. Both in vivo and in vitro, OR21 exerted antileukemia effects, and had a better safety profile than DAC. Together, our findings indicate that OR21 is a promising candidate drug for phase I study as an alternative to azacitidine or decitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ureshino
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurahashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Watanabe
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamashita
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Kamachi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamoto
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda-Kurahashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Nao Yoshida-Sakai
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Naoko Hattori
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayashi
- Laboratory of Oncology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Center for Comprehensive Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tohyama
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Harada
- Laboratory of Oncology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Ushijima
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Corresponding Author: Shinya Kimura, Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University School of Medicine, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan. Phone: 81-952-34-2366; Fax: 81-952-34-2017; E-mail:
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6
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Brusač E, Jeličić ML, Cvetnić M, Amidžić Klarić D, Nigović B, Mornar A. A Comprehensive Approach to Compatibility Testing Using Chromatographic, Thermal and Spectroscopic Techniques: Evaluation of Potential for a Monolayer Fixed-Dose Combination of 6-Mercaptopurine and Folic Acid. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030274. [PMID: 33802871 PMCID: PMC8002671 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a systematical compatibility investigation of 6-mercaptopurine and folic acid, two commonly used medications in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, for the needs of a fixed-dose combination development strategy is shown. Various techniques and approaches, such as differential scanning calorimetry, isothermal stress testing, attenuated total reflectance–Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dissolution medium stability and forced degradation studies, were used to elucidate the possible interactions from different aspects. The results predominantly point to the absence of physicochemical interactions between the examined substances in a variety of possible conditions. However, the forced degradation of the blend of substances and excipients in basic conditions showed a drastic degradation of 6-mercaptopurine, signifying that attention needs to be directed to the careful selection of the excipients for the formulation. To sum up, our findings indicate that a fixed-dose combination of 6-mercaptopurine and folic acid could be produced using one formulation blend, immensely simplifying its manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edvin Brusač
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.B.); (M.-L.J.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
| | - Mario-Livio Jeličić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.B.); (M.-L.J.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
| | - Matija Cvetnić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Daniela Amidžić Klarić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.B.); (M.-L.J.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
| | - Biljana Nigović
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.B.); (M.-L.J.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
| | - Ana Mornar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.B.); (M.-L.J.); (D.A.K.); (B.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-481-8288
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7
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Devarapalli R, Indukuri A, Bollineni M, Mondal A, Reddy CM, Chennuru R. Investigation of Poor Solubility of a Salt-Cocrystal Hydrate: A Case Study of the Common-Ion Effect in Betrixaban, an Anticoagulant Drug. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1138-1149. [PMID: 33528261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Achieving the desired solubility and dissolution of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) continues to be a big challenge in the pharmaceutical industry. In this regard, multicomponent solids of APIs such as salts and cocrystals have shown significant promise in resolving such solubility/dissolution issues. However, very little is known on how the APIs' solubility or dissolution is affected by the drug to coformer ratio in multicomponent solids. Betrixaban, is an anticoagulant drug approved in 2017 for the prevention of venous thromboembolism. During the alternate solid form development studies of the known betrixaban maleate, a rare multicomponent solid form, salt-cocrystal hydrate of betrixaban, was discovered and characterized thoroughly by spectroscopic, thermal, and X-ray crystallographic methods. Significantly, the new betrixaban maleate maleic acid hydrate (1:1:2:1) form has shown lower melting point (80 °C) as compared to its parent salt (197.5 °C). From such a large melting difference (117 °C) between the salt and salt-cocrystal hydrate of API, we anticipated substantially better solubility for the salt-cocrystal hydrate (low enthalpy). Furthermore, the predicted solubility also supported our anticipation. However, the powder dissolution tests at different pH conditions provided contrary results, that is, the salt-cocrystal hydrate showed 10 times lower solubility as compared to its salt. A detailed investigation, considering all the potential factors, revealed that "common-ion effect" could be a critical factor for the low solubility of the salt-cocrystal hydrate in which the API to coformer ratio is 1:3. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case study on the solubility of pharmaceutical salt-cocrystal hydrates with an emphasis on "common-ion effect" or drug to coformer ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Devarapalli
- Centre of Excellence Polymorphism, Research and Development, Integrated Product Development (IPD), Cipla Ltd., Virgonagar, Bangalore 560 049, Karnataka, India
| | - Anjaneyaraju Indukuri
- Centre of Excellence Polymorphism, Research and Development, Integrated Product Development (IPD), Cipla Ltd., Virgonagar, Bangalore 560 049, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunath Bollineni
- Centre of Excellence Polymorphism, Research and Development, Integrated Product Development (IPD), Cipla Ltd., Virgonagar, Bangalore 560 049, Karnataka, India
| | - Amit Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - C Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Ramanaiah Chennuru
- Centre of Excellence Polymorphism, Research and Development, Integrated Product Development (IPD), Cipla Ltd., Virgonagar, Bangalore 560 049, Karnataka, India
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8
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MS A, Hazra D, Steele G, Pal S. Crystallization process modifications to address polymorphic and particle size challenges in early stage development of an API salt. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Chung S, Kim J, Ban E, Yun J, Park B, Kim A. Solution-Mediated Phase Transformation of Aripiprazole: Negating the Effect of Crystalline Forms on Dissolution and Oral Pharmacokinetics. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3668-3677. [PMID: 33007279 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effect of crystalline forms of aripiprazole, an antipsychotic drug for schizophrenia, on the dissolution rates and oral pharmacokinetics. Solubility, intrinsic dissolution rates, and tablet dissolution rates of the monohydrate (MA) and the anhydrous form (AA) were measured in various aqueous media while monitoring the phase transformation by ATR-FTIR. And their oral pharmacokinetics in dogs were compared. The intrinsic dissolution rate of MA was lower compared to AA, confirming its thermodynamic stability relative to AA in water. Phase transformations during the solubility measurement were media-dependent: In simulated gastric fluid, both AA and MA changed to HCl salt form, whereas AA and HCl salt form transformed to MA in simulated intestinal fluid. In vitro dissolution rates and dog oral pharmacokinetics of AA and MA tablets were similar. The results suggest that the solution-mediated transformation to HCl salt or MA negates the effect of different crystalline forms on dissolution rates in vivo and, consequently, on oral pharmacokinetics. We emphasize the importance of the dissolution tests employing various bio-relevant media for better prediction of in vivo performance and the selection of a solid form for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungyoon Chung
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam 13844, Korea
| | - Jongyeob Kim
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam 13844, Korea
| | - Eunmi Ban
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam 13844, Korea
| | - Jungmin Yun
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam 13844, Korea
| | - Boosung Park
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam 13844, Korea
| | - Aeri Kim
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam 13844, Korea.
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10
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Salazar-Rojas D, Maggio RM, Kaufman TS. Preparation and characterization of a new solid form of praziquantel, an essential anthelmintic drug. Praziquantel racemic monohydrate. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 146:105267. [PMID: 32061654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) is a highly effective low-cost anthelmintic agent used as the first-choice treatment against schistosomiasis. The low solubility of the active is a major drawback for pharmaceutical formulation. A valid approach of the pharmaceutical industry for the improvement of the pharmacotechnical features of the active principles (such as solubility, processability, stability, among others), is the preparation of new solid forms, such as salts, polymorph, and pseudo-polymorph. Herein we report the preparation and characterization of a new solid form PZQ. The PZQ monohydrate (PZQ-MH) was prepared by a solventless procedure from the commercial racemate and the product was characterized at the solid-state employing optical digital microscopy, thermal methods (melting point, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis), as well as and mid-infrared and near infrared spectroscopies. The chemical structure and content of water were full assessed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in solution. The amount of water in PZQ-was also determined by different approaches, including thermogravimetric analysis and the loss on drying test. Solid-state 13C NMR (ssNMR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) completed the structural characterization of the new monohydrate. PZQ-MH showed a crystalline behavior during XRPD experiments and showed relevant differences in spectroscopic, calorimetric, ssNMR and XRPD signals when it was compared with the known crystal (Form A) and amorphous forms of PZQ. The determination of the intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of PZQ-MH was carried out as a functional characterization, observing that the new form had slightly higher IDR than Form A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duvernis Salazar-Rojas
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, National University of Rosario and Institute of Chemistry of Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, Rosario, S2002LRK, Argentina
| | - Rubén M Maggio
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, National University of Rosario and Institute of Chemistry of Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, Rosario, S2002LRK, Argentina.
| | - Teodoro S Kaufman
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, National University of Rosario and Institute of Chemistry of Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, Rosario, S2002LRK, Argentina
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11
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Hao C, Jin J, Xiong J, Yang Z, Gao L, Ma Y, Liu BF, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhang G. Polymorphs of DP-VPA Solid Solutions and Their Physicochemical Properties. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2156-2165. [PMID: 32240697 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Different solid forms possess various physicochemical properties, which can significantly affect the stability, bioavailability, and manufacturability of the final product. DP-VPA, a complex of 1-stearoyl-2-valproyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DP-VPA-C18) and 1-palmitoyl-2-valproyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DP-VPA-C16), is currently under development as an antiepileptic drug. DP-VPA-C16 and DP-VPA-C18 crystallize together in solid solution forms. The solid forms of DP-VPA solid solution were studied herein. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) and optical microscopy were used to characterize the different crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. The physicochemical properties, including hygroscopicity, thermodynamic behavior, and relative stability, of each form were investigated. DVS analysis showed that DP-VPA solid solution reduced the hygroscopicity of DP-VPA-C16. The relative humidity stability study revealed that Forms A and B are relatively stable, while Forms A-1, B-1, C and D are highly unstable under natural humidity. Further analysis revealed that Form A transforms into Form B through milling. Given the physicochemical properties of the available physical forms, Form B may be the optimal form for the formulation and development of antiepileptic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Systems Biology Theme, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jian Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jiaying Xiong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Systems Biology Theme, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhengge Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Systems Biology Theme, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lanchang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Systems Biology Theme, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yanqin Ma
- Nhwa Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1 Yunhe Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Systems Biology Theme, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Systems Biology Theme, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Guisen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Systems Biology Theme, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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12
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Mileva R, Subev S, Gehring R, Milanova A. Oral doxycycline pharmacokinetics: Lambs in comparison with sheep. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020; 43:268-275. [PMID: 32232862 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of doxycycline was investigated in lactating sheep and lambs after oral administration at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Concentrations in plasma and milk were assayed with HPLC-PDA analysis. Doxycycline penetrates into the milk, and levels (0.38 ± 0.21 μg/ml) were found 0.5 hr after the treatment. The results suggest that the lambs can be exposed to doxycycline by suckling milk from their treated mothers. Population pharmacokinetic analysis showed a positive relationship between age, which reflects the stage of development of rumen function, and clearance. Possible explanations for the observed differences include the undeveloped rumen in lambs, the differences in the feed and liver function as evidenced by the blood biochemical parameters aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), which were significantly lower in lambs (62.67 ± 27.83 U/L and 8.50 ± 6.80 U/L) than in sheep (114.33 ± 20.77 U/L and 18.00 ± 3.16 U/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rositsa Mileva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Sasho Subev
- Department of Internal Noninfectious Diseases, Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ronette Gehring
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacotherapy and Pharmacy, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aneliya Milanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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13
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Zanolla D, Hasa D, Arhangelskis M, Schneider-Rauber G, Chierotti MR, Keiser J, Voinovich D, Jones W, Perissutti B. Mechanochemical Formation of Racemic Praziquantel Hemihydrate with Improved Biopharmaceutical Properties. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030289. [PMID: 32210129 PMCID: PMC7151222 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) is the first-line drug used against schistosomiasis, one of the most common parasitic diseases in the world. A series of crystalline structures including two new polymorphs of the pure drug and a series of cocrystals of PZQ have been discovered and deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). This work adds to the list of multicomponent forms of PZQ a relevant example of a racemic hemihydrate (PZQ-HH), obtainable from commercial PZQ (polymorphic Form A) through mechanochemistry. Noteworthy, the formation of the new hemihydrate strongly depends on the initial polymorphic form of PZQ and on the experimental conditions used. The new PZQ-HH has been fully characterized by means of HPLC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Hot-Stage Microscopy (SEM), Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), FT-IR, polarimetry, solid-state NMR (SS-NMR), solubility and intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR), and in vitro tests on Schistosoma mansoni adults. The crystal structure was solved from the powder X-ray diffraction pattern and validated by periodic-DFT calculations. The new bioactive hemihydrate was physically stable for three months and showed peculiar biopharmaceutical features including enhanced solubility and a double intrinsic dissolution rate in water in comparison to the commercially available PZQ Form A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Zanolla
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.Z.); (D.H.)
| | - Dritan Hasa
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.Z.); (D.H.)
| | - Mihails Arhangelskis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Gabriela Schneider-Rauber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2-1EW Cambridge, UK; (G.S.-R.); (W.J.)
| | - Michele R. Chierotti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, V. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Jennifer Keiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel; Switzerland;
- Universität Basel, Petersplatz 1, P.O. Box, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dario Voinovich
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.Z.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence: (D.V.); (B.P.); Tel.: +39-040-558-3106 (D.V. & B.P.)
| | - William Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2-1EW Cambridge, UK; (G.S.-R.); (W.J.)
| | - Beatrice Perissutti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.Z.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence: (D.V.); (B.P.); Tel.: +39-040-558-3106 (D.V. & B.P.)
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14
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Silva M, García JC, Ottens M. Polyphenol Liquid-Liquid Extraction Process Development Using NRTL-SAC. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018; 57:9210-9221. [PMID: 30270975 PMCID: PMC6156102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Liquid–liquid
extraction (LLE) can be an effective strategy
for the purification of polyphenols from a fermentation broth. However,
solvents need to be chosen to ensure high extraction capacity and
selectivity. For that purpose, a systematic study is here presented,
where the partition of different polyphenols—naringin, naringenin, p-coumaric acid, and trans-resveratrol—was
measured in different solvents and solvent mixtures and described
using the semipredictive NRTL-SAC model. The minimum average absolute
deviation obtained, based on predicted activity coefficients, was
of 40%. With the exception of naringin, the NRTL-SAC molecular descriptors
were estimated using solubility data already available in the literature.
The obtained results made it possible to propose suitable LLE-based
downstream process schemes for two possible purification scenarios:
the recovery of trans-resveratrol and the purification
of both naringenin and trans-resveratrol, two similar
hydrophobic polyphenols, both from a fermentation broth containing
hydrophilic impurities (e.g., sugars, proteins).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Silva
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Joan Cortada García
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Ottens
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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15
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Liu K, Zhou X, Xu Z, Bai H, Zhu J, Gu J, Tang G, Liu X, Hu X. Anhydrates and hemihydrate of tasimelteon: Synthesis, structure, and pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 151:235-243. [PMID: 29413972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two new crystal forms of tasimelteon TSM-I and TSM-II were reported here. Crystallization of crude in methanol or mixture solvent results in anhydrate crystal form (TSM-I) and hemihydrate crystal form (TSM-II) respectively. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report about crystalline form of tasimelteon. The two crystal forms were exhaustively characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman Spectra, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Solid State NMR Spectroscopy and Powder X-ray diffraction and Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic behavior of TSM-I and TSM-II in rats were measured. We found that though TSM-II is considerably more soluble than TSM-I under water (pH = 7.0) and pH 1.2 buffer conditions, the bioavailability of TSM-Ivia oral administration was better compared to that of TSM-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xinbo Zhou
- Zhejiang Jingxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xinchang, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhejing Xu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongzhen Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianrong Zhu
- Zhejiang Jingxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xinchang, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jianming Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guping Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xingang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Xiurong Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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16
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Hsieh WH, Cheng WT, Chen LC, Lin SY. Non-isothermal dehydration kinetic study of aspartame hemihydrate using DSC, TGA and DSC-FTIR microspectroscopy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2017; 13:212-219. [PMID: 32104394 PMCID: PMC7032143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Three thermal analytical techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) using five heating rates, and DSC-Fourier Transform Infrared (DSC-FTIR) microspectroscopy using one heating rate, were used to determine the thermal characteristics and the dehydration process of aspartame (APM) hemihydrate in the solid state. The intramolecular cyclization process of APM anhydrate was also examined. One exothermic and four endothermic peaks were observed in the DSC thermogram of APM hemihydrate, in which the exothermic peak was due to the crystallization of some amorphous APM caused by dehydration process from hemihydrate to anhydride. While four endothermic peaks were corresponded to the evaporation of absorbed water, the dehydration of hemihydrate, the diketopiperazines (DKP) formation via intramolecular cyclization, and the melting of DKP, respectively. The weight loss measured in TGA curve of APM hemihydrate was associated with these endothermic peaks in the DSC thermogram. According to the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) model, the activation energy of dehydration process within 100-150 °C was about 218 ± 11 kJ/mol determined by TGA technique. Both the dehydration and DKP formation processes for solid-state APM hemihydrate were markedly evidenced from the thermal-responsive changes in several specific FTIR bands by a single-step DSC-FTIR microspectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu 30015, Taiwan, China
| | - Wen-Ting Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu 30015, Taiwan, China
| | - Ling-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu 30015, Taiwan, China
| | - Shan-Yang Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu 30015, Taiwan, China
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