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Wu S, Jia C, Wang L, Ye C, Li Z, Li W. Rapid characterization of physical properties for the pharmaceutical pellet cores based on NIR spectroscopy and ensemble learning. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 197:114214. [PMID: 38364874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
During the development of sustained-release pellets, the physical characteristics of the pellet cores can affect drug release in the preparation. The method based on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and ensemble learning was proposed to swiftly assess the physical properties of the pellet cores. In the research, the potential of three algorithms, direct standardization (DS), partial least squares regression (PLSR) and generalized regression neural network (GRNN), was investigated and compared. The performance of the DS, PLSR and GRNN models were improved after applying bootstrap aggregating (Bagging) ensemble learning. And the Bagging-GRNN model showed the best predictive capacity. Except for inter-particle porosity, the mean absolute deviations of other 11 physical parameters were less than 1.0. Furthermore, the cosine coefficient values between the actual and predicted physical fingerprints was higher than 0.98 for 15 out of the 16 validation samples when using the Bagging-GRNN model. To reduce the model complexity, the 60 variables significantly correlated with angle of repose, particle size (D50) and roundness were utilized to develop the simplified Bagging-GRNN model. And the simplified model showed satisfactory predictive capacity. In summary, the developed ensemble modelling strategy based NIR spectra is a promising approach to rapidly characterize the physical properties of the pellet cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Chaoliang Jia
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Cheng Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wenlong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Sahu A, Rathee S, Saraf S, Jain SK. A Review on the Recent Advancements and Artificial Intelligence in Tablet Technology. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:416-430. [PMID: 38213164 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501281290231221053939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tablet formulation could be revolutionized by the integration of modern technology and established pharmaceutical sciences. The pharmaceutical sector can develop tablet formulations that are not only more efficient and stable but also patient-friendly by utilizing artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and materials science. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this review is to explore the advancements in tablet technology, focusing on the integration of modern technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and materials science to enhance the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and quality of tablet formulation processes. METHODS This review delves into the utilization of AI and ML techniques within pharmaceutical research and development. The review also discusses various ML methodologies employed, including artificial neural networks, an ensemble of regression trees, support vector machines, and multivariate data analysis techniques. RESULTS Recent studies showcased in this review demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of ML approaches in pharmaceutical research. The application of AI and ML in pharmaceutical research has shown promising results, offering a potential avenue for significant improvements in the product development process. CONCLUSION The integration of nanotechnology, AI, ML, and materials science with traditional pharmaceutical sciences presents a remarkable opportunity for enhancing tablet formulation processes. This review collectively underscores the transformative role that AI and ML can play in advancing pharmaceutical research and development, ultimately leading to more efficient, reliable and patient-centric tablet formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sahu
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Sunny Rathee
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Shivani Saraf
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
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Narala S, Komanduri N, Nyavanandi D, Youssef AAA, Mandati P, Alzahrani A, Kolimi P, Narala N, Repka MA. Hard Gelatin Capsules Containing Hot Melt Extruded Solid Crystal Suspension of Carbamazepine for improving dissolution: Preparation and In vitro Evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023; 82:104384. [PMID: 37124158 PMCID: PMC10134907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous solubility is one of the key parameters for achieving the desired drug concentration in systemic circulation for better therapeutic outcomes. Carbamazepine (CBZ) is practically insoluble in water, is a BCS class II drug, and exhibits dissolution-dependent oral bioavailability. This study explored a novel application of hot-melt extrusion in the manufacture and development of a thermodynamically stable solid crystal suspension (SCS) to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of CBZ. The SCSs were prepared using sugar alcohols, such as mannitol or xylitol, as crystalline carriers. The drug-sugar blend was processed by hot melt extrusion up to 40 % (w/w) drug loading. The extruded SCS was evaluated for drug content, saturation solubility, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in vitro release, and stability studies. The physicochemical characterization revealed the highly crystalline existence of pure drug, pure carriers, and extruded SCS. FTIR analysis did not reveal any physical or chemical incompatibilities between the drug and sugar alcohols and showed a homogeneous CBZ distribution within respective crystalline carriers. The SEM micrographs of the solidified SCS revealed the presence of approximately 100 μm crystalline agglomerates. In vitro dissolution and solubility studies showed that the CBZ dissolution rate and solubility were improved significantly from both crystalline carriers for all tested drug loads. The SCSs showed no significant changes in drug content, in vitro release profiles, and thermal characteristics over 3 months of storage at accelerated stability conditions (40±2°C/75±5% RH). As a result, it can be inferred that the SCS strategy can be employed as a contemporary alternative technique to improve the dissolution rate of BCS class II drugs via HME technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Neeraja Komanduri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Ahmed Adel Ali Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Preethi Mandati
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Abdullah Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Praveen Kolimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Nagarjuna Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Michael A. Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Narala S, Nyavanandi D, Mandati P, Youssef AAA, Alzahrani A, Kolimi P, Zhang F, Repka M. Preparation and in vitro evaluation of hot-melt extruded pectin-based pellets containing ketoprofen for colon targeting. Int J Pharm X 2022; 5:100156. [PMID: 36636366 PMCID: PMC9830203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2022.100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This work developed high drug-load pellets for colon targeting in minimal steps by coupling hot-melt extrusion (HME) with a die-surface cutting pelletizer, offering a potential continuous pellet manufacturing process. Ketoprofen (KTP) was selected as a model drug for this study due to its thermal stability and severe upper gastrointestinal side effects. Low and high methoxyl grade pectins were the enzyme-triggered release matrix, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HME 4 M/HME 100LV) was used as a premature release-retarding agent. The powder X-ray diffraction technique and the differential scanning calorimetry results revealed that KTP exists in the solid-solution state within the polymeric matrix after the HME step. The scanning electron micrographs of the fabricated pellets showed a smooth surface without any cracks. The lead formulation showed the lowest premature drug release (∼13%) with an extended KTP release profile over a 24 h period in the presence and absence of the release-triggering enzyme. The lead formulation was stable for 3 months at accelerated stability conditions (40 °C/75 ± 5% RH) concerning drug content, in vitro release, and thermal characteristics. In summary, coupling HME and pelletization processes could be a promising technology for developing colon-targeted drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Preethi Mandati
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ahmed Adel Ali Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA,Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Praveen Kolimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA,Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA,Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Quality by Design (QbD) application for the pharmaceutical development process. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Agrawal S, Fernandes J, Shaikh F, Patel V. Quality aspects in the development of pelletized dosage forms. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08956. [PMID: 35243077 PMCID: PMC8873546 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to identify and collate the major common challenges that arise during pellet development. These challenges focus on aspects right from raw material properties until the final drying process of the pelletization. The challenges associated with the particle size of drug and excipients, physicochemical properties, drug excipient interaction and the effect of type/grade and amount of raw material on the pellet properties are covered in this review. Technological and process related challenges within the commonly used pelletization techniques such as extrusion-spheronization, hot-melt extrusion and layering techniques are also emphasized. The paper likewise gives an insight to the possible ways of addressing the quality of pellets during development.
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Narala S, Nyavanandi D, Alzahrani A, Bandari S, Zhang F, Repka MA. Creation of Hydrochlorothiazide Pharmaceutical Cocrystals Via Hot-Melt Extrusion for Enhanced Solubility and Permeability. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:56. [PMID: 35043282 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystal engineering is an emerging tool for altering the physicochemical properties of drug candidates. The objective of the current investigation was to develop cocrystals of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) with coformers such as nicotinamide (NIC), resorcinol (RSL), and catechol (CAT) using hot-melt extrusion (HME) technology. The liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) method was used to prepare cocrystals by grinding the drug and coformer in a definite molar ratio as a reference and to check the feasibility of cocrystal formation. Cocrystals were prepared using HME and evaluated with differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy and compared with LAG cocrystals. Barrel temperature was the critical process parameter for producing high-quality cocrystals in HME. All cocrystals exhibited improved solubility compared to the native drug, and HCT-NIC cocrystals showed a two-fold increase in solubility. Similarly, HCT-RSL and HCT-CAT showed higher solubility profiles and improved diffusion/permeability characteristics compared to that of the pure HCT due to the drug-coformer interactions in the cocrystals. In this study, the solubility of the coformer was the key factor determining cocrystal solubilization. However, hot-melt extrusion is an alternative technology for creating pharmaceutical cocrystals and has potential for industrial scale-up.
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Bandari S, Nyavanandi D, Dumpa N, Repka MA. Coupling hot melt extrusion and fused deposition modeling: Critical properties for successful performance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:52-63. [PMID: 33571550 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Interest in 3D printing for pharmaceutical applications has increased in recent years. Compared to other 3D printing techniques, hot melt extrusion (HME)-based fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing has been the most extensively investigated for patient-focused dosage. HME technology can be coupled with FDM 3D printing as a continuous manufacturing process. However, the crucial pharmaceutical polymers, formulation and process parameters must be investigated to establish HME-coupled FDM 3D printing. These advancements will lead the way towards developing continuous drug delivery systems for personalized therapy. This brief overview classifies pharmaceutical additive manufacturing, Hot Melt Extrusion, and Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printing techniques with a focus on coupling HME and FDM 3D printing processes. It also provides insights on the critical material properties, process and equipment parameters and limitations of successful HME-coupled FDM systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Nagireddy Dumpa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Narala S, Nyavanandi D, Srinivasan P, Mandati P, Bandari S, Repka MA. Pharmaceutical Co-Crystals, Salts, and Co-Amorphous Systems: A Novel Opportunity of Hot Melt Extrusion. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021; 61:102209. [PMID: 33717230 PMCID: PMC7946067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the solubility of active drug ingredients is a major challenge faced by scientists and researchers. Different approaches have been explored for the enhancement of solubility and physicochemical properties of drugs, without affecting their stability or pharmacological activity. Among the various strategies available, pharmaceutical co-crystals, co-amorphous systems, and pharmaceutical salts as multicomponent systems (MCS) have gained interest to improve physicochemical properties of drugs. Development of MCS by conventional methods involves the utilization of excess amount of solvents, thus, making the product prone to instability, and may also cause harmful side effects in patients. Scale up is critical and involves the investment of huge capital and time. Lately, hot-melt extrusion has been utilized in the development of MCS to enhance solubility, bioavailability, stability, and physicochemical properties of the drugs. In this review, the authors discussed the development of different MCS produced via hot-melt extrusion technology. Specifically, approaches for screening of co-formers and co-crystals, selection of excipients for co-amorphous systems, pharmaceutical salts, and significance of MCS and process parameters affecting product quality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Priyanka Srinivasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Preethi Mandati
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A. Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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