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Luo J, Zhang Y, Jayaprakash S, Zhuang L, He J. Cross-Species Insights into Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Provide an Alternative View on Research Advancement. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5646. [PMID: 38891834 PMCID: PMC11171680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a prevalent hereditary disorder that affects the kidneys, characterized by the development of an excessive number of fluid-filled cysts of varying sizes in both kidneys. Along with the progression of ADPKD, these enlarged cysts displace normal kidney tissue, often accompanied by interstitial fibrosis and inflammation, and significantly impair renal function, leading to end-stage renal disease. Currently, the precise mechanisms underlying ADPKD remain elusive, and a definitive cure has yet to be discovered. This review delineates the epidemiology, pathological features, and clinical diagnostics of ADPKD or ADPKD-like disease across human populations, as well as companion animals and other domesticated species. A light has been shed on pivotal genes and biological pathways essential for preventing and managing ADPKD, which underscores the importance of cross-species research in addressing this complex condition. Treatment options are currently limited to Tolvaptan, dialysis, or surgical excision of large cysts. However, comparative studies of ADPKD across different species hold promise for unveiling novel insights and therapeutic strategies to combat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Luo
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Sakthidasan Jayaprakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Tamil Nadu 603103, India;
| | - Lenan Zhuang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jin He
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.Z.)
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Cha YE, Ro WB, Song SJ, Lee MK, Kang MH, Park HM. Case report: A novel occurrence of persistent left cranial vena cava coexisting with polycystic kidney disease in a cat. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1268493. [PMID: 37869489 PMCID: PMC10585034 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1268493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A 7-year-old castrated male Munchkin cat was presented with anorexia. This cat had been diagnosed with chronic kidney disease due to polycystic kidney disease. Tachycardia with a systolic murmur (grade III/VI) was auscultated and for further diagnosis, echocardiography was performed. Based on echocardiography, persistent left cranial vena cava (PLCVC) was suspected due to enlargement of the coronary sinus and confirmed by saline contrast echocardiography. The dilated coronary sinus compressed the left atrium, and left ventricular hypertrophy with the systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve, aortic regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation were identified. After medical management using atenolol, left atrial function and other hemodynamics of the heart were improved, including the disappearance of regurgitation and normalization of left ventricular wall thickness. This case report describes the echocardiographic characteristics, diagnostic procedures, and disease progression in a cat with PLCVC after medical management using atenolol. Additionally, this is the first report of a cat with PLCVC, coexisting with polycystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Eun Cha
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Bin Ro
- Department of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ji Song
- Cat Vet Animal Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Cat Vet Animal Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Bio-animal Care, Jangan University, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Myung Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Schirrer L, Marín-García PJ, Llobat L. Feline Polycystic Kidney Disease: An Update. Vet Sci 2021; 8:269. [PMID: 34822642 PMCID: PMC8625840 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a disease that affects felines and other mammals, such as humans. The common name is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and causes a progressive development of fluid-filled cysts in the kidney and sometimes in other organs as the liver and pancreas. The formation and growth of cysts progress slowly, causing deterioration of kidney tissue and a gradual decrease in kidney function, leading to irreversible kidney failure. Feline PKD or ADPKD in humans are hereditary pathologies of autosomal dominant transmission. ADPKD is one of the genetic diseases with the highest prevalence in humans. In cats, this disease also has a high prevalence, mainly in the Persian breed, being one of the most common feline genetic diseases. Imaging tests seem to be the most reliable method for diagnosis of the disease, although more genetic tests are being developed to detect the presence of the responsible mutation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about feline PKD to guide future research related to an adequate diagnosis and early detection of causal mutations. It can allow the establishment of selection programs to reduce or eliminate this pathology in feline breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Jesús Marín-García
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Sciences and Technology (PASAPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Lola Llobat
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Sciences and Technology (PASAPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain;
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Guerra JM, Cardoso NC, Daniel AGT, Onuchic LF, Cogliati B. Prevalence of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related cats in Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:392-397. [PMID: 32491055 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.227131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic disease in cats. However, scarce data on its prevalence are available in Brazil. Persian cats and Persian-related breeds were assessed by molecular genotyping for a C to A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1 gene to determine ADPKD prevalence in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral whole blood or oral swabs samples was used to amplify exon 29 of PKD1 gene employing a PCR-RFLP methodology. From a total of 616 animals, 27/537 Persian and 1/17 Himalayan cats showed the single-nucleotide variant (C to A) at position 3284 in exon 29 of feline PKD1. This pathogenic variation has been identified only in heterozygous state. The prevalence of ADPKD in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds was 5.03% and 1.6%, respectively. There was no significant association between feline breed, gender or age with ADPKD prevalence. Of note, the observed ADPKD prevalence in Persian cats and Persian-related breeds in Brazil was lower than the ones reported in other parts of the world. This finding may be related to genetic counseling and consequent selection of ADPKD-free cats for reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Guerra
- Laboratório de Patologia Morfológica e Molecular, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FMVZ, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - N C Cardoso
- Laboratório de Patologia Morfológica e Molecular, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FMVZ, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A G T Daniel
- Gattos - Clínica Especializada em Medicina Felina, Av. Vereador José Diniz, 3165, Campo Belo, CEP 04603-002, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - L F Onuchic
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Cerqueira César, CEP 01246-903, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - B Cogliati
- Laboratório de Patologia Morfológica e Molecular, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia - FMVZ, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-270, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Sato R, Uchida N, Kawana Y, Tozuka M, Kobayashi S, Hanyu N, Konno Y, Iguchi A, Yamasaki Y, Kuramochi K, Yamasaki M. Epidemiological evaluation of cats associated with feline polycystic kidney disease caused by the feline PKD1 genetic mutation in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1006-1011. [PMID: 31155548 PMCID: PMC6656814 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline polycystic kidney disease (PKD), an inherited autosomal dominant disease, has been reported to occur mostly in Persian or Persian related cats, and to be associated with a mutation
from C to A at position 10063 in exon 29 of the feline PKD1 gene (PKD1 mutation). Many clinical cases have been recognized in Japan, but the mutation rate
in cats has not been reported. The objective of this study was to determine epidemiological characteristics and clinical features in cats with the PKD1 mutation. Referring
veterinarians sent blood samples of 377 cats for the PKD1 gene evaluation. The blood samples were from 159 cats with renal cysts confirmed by ultrasonography, 60 cats
without renal cysts, and 158 cats that did not undergo ultrasonography. In total, 150 cats carried the PKD1 mutation and the signalment, site and number of renal cysts, and
results of blood test were evaluated in cats with the PKD1 mutation. The breeds with the highest rate of the PKD1 mutation were Persian (46%), Scottish Fold
(54%) and American Shorthair cats (47%). However, mixed breed cats also showed high rates of the PKD1 mutation. Of cats with the mutation, the incidence of high plasma
creatinine (≥1.6 mg/dl) was greater in cats ≥3 years old, although a few cats ≥9 years of age had low plasma creatinine (<1.6 mg/dl). The coincidence of
renal and hepatic cysts was 12.6%, with the high prevalence in Persian cats (31%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeko Sato
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Naohiro Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Yuka Kawana
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Minako Tozuka
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Saori Kobayashi
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Nana Hanyu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Konno
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Aiko Iguchi
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Yayoi Yamasaki
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Konomi Kuramochi
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamasaki
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka-shi, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
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Guerra JM, Freitas MF, Daniel AGT, Pellegrino A, Cardoso NC, de Castro I, Onuchic LF, Cogliati B. Age-based ultrasonographic criteria for diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Persian cats. J Feline Med Surg 2019; 21:156-164. [PMID: 29652208 PMCID: PMC10814611 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x18764591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to establish ultrasound criteria for the diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in Persian cats. METHODS Eighty-two Persian cats were assessed using renal ultrasound and genotyped for the C→A transversion in exon 29 of PKD1. The animals were also submitted to hematological characterization, serum biochemistry analyses and urinalysis. RESULTS Age, sex and neutering status did not differ between ADPKD (n = 12) and non-ADPKD (n = 70) cats. After integrated molecular genetics/ultrasonographic analysis, the presence of at least one renal cyst was sufficient to establish a diagnosis of ADPKD in animals up to 15 months of age. Two or more cysts were required for diagnosis in cats aged 16-32 months, and at least three cysts warranted diagnosis of ADPKD in animals aged 33-49 months. Finally, four or more cysts led to diagnosis in cats aged 50-66 months. Although cats with ADPKD exhibited higher serum calcium levels than non-affected cats, hematological, urinalysis and other biochemical parameters did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Integrated analyses of imaging and molecular genetics data enabled, for the first time, the establishment of age-based ultrasonographic criteria for the diagnosis of ADPKD in Persian cats. The development of imaging criteria is particularly relevant and useful in the clinical setting given the current limitations to access and the cost of molecular genetics-based diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M Guerra
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Nucleus of Quantitative Pathology, Pathology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana F Freitas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Arine Pellegrino
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Gattos – Specialized Feline Medicine Clinic, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália C Cardoso
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isac de Castro
- Disciplines of Molecular Medicine and Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Onuchic
- Disciplines of Molecular Medicine and Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nivy R, Lyons LA, Aroch I, Segev G. Polycystic kidney disease in four British shorthair cats with successful treatment of bacterial cyst infection. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56:585-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Nivy
- Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine; Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot 761001 Israel
| | - L. A. Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery; College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia; Columbia MO 65211 USA
| | - I. Aroch
- Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine; Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot 761001 Israel
| | - G. Segev
- Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine; Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot 761001 Israel
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Gendron K, Owczarek-Lipska M, Lang J, Leeb T. Maine Coon renal screening: ultrasonographical characterisation and preliminary genetic analysis for common genes in cats with renal cysts. J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15:1079-85. [PMID: 23735675 PMCID: PMC10816467 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x13492164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of renal cysts and other renal abnormalities in purebred Maine Coon cats, and to characterise these through genetic typing. Voluntary pre-breeding screening programmes for polycystic kidney disease (PKD) are offered for this breed throughout Switzerland, Germany and other northern European countries. We performed a retrospective evaluation of Maine Coon screening for renal disease at one institution over an 8-year period. Renal ultrasonography was performed in 187 healthy Maine Coon cats. Renal changes were observed in 27 of these cats. Renal cysts were found in seven cats, and were mostly single and unilateral (6/7, 85.7%), small (mean 3.6 mm) and located at the corticomedullary junction (4/6, 66.7%). Sonographical changes indicating chronic kidney disease (CKD) were observed in 10/187 (5.3%) cats and changes of unknown significance were documented in 11/187 (5.9%) cats. All six cats genetically tested for PKD1 were negative for the mutation, and gene sequencing of these cats did not demonstrate any common genetic sequences. Cystic renal disease occurs with a low prevalence in Maine Coons and is unrelated to the PKD observed in Persians and related breeds. Ultrasonographical findings compatible with CKD are not uncommon in juvenile Maine Coons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Gendron
- 1Division of Clinical Radiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Wills SJ, Barrett EL, Barr FJ, Bradley KJ, Helps CR, Cannon MJ, Gruffydd-Jones TJ. Evaluation of the repeatability of ultrasound scanning for detection of feline polycystic kidney disease. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11:993-6. [PMID: 19660972 PMCID: PMC11318767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the most prevalent inherited genetic disease in cats with Persian and Persian-related breeds predominantly affected. Diagnosis of PKD relied on ultrasound scanning until the recent development of the PKD gene test. However, gene testing has limitations as it will only identify the autosomal dominant form of PKD and not other forms of cystic kidney disease. Ultrasound scanning also has the advantage of being able to assess the severity and progression of disease in PKD affected cats. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the repeatability of ultrasound scanning in the detection of PKD and to assess progression of the disease over time. This study demonstrated 100% repeatability of ultrasound scanning in the detection of PKD and has also demonstrated progression of disease in 75% of PKD positive cats assessed over a 1-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila J Wills
- School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK.
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Volta A, Manfredi S, Gnudi G, Gelati A, Bertoni G. Polycystic kidney disease in a Chartreux cat. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 12:138-40. [PMID: 19716738 PMCID: PMC7129492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common genetic diseases in cats. It has been widely described in Persians and Persian-related cats and sporadically in other breeds. The purpose of the present paper is to describe the first reported case of PKD in a 12-year-old female Chartreux cat. The cat was referred with polyuria and polydipsia and enlarged and irregular kidneys at palpation. Multiple renal cysts and a single liver cyst were identified by ultrasound and the inherited pattern was confirmed by genetic test (polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) assay). Chartreux cats should be included in the screening programme of PKD, and PKD should be always considered as a possible cause of chronic renal failure in this breed.
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Bonazzi M, Volta A, Gnudi G, Cozzi MC, Strillacci MG, Polli M, Longeri M, Manfredi S, Bertoni G. Comparison between ultrasound and genetic testing for the early diagnosis of polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Exotic Shorthair cats. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11:430-4. [PMID: 19046910 PMCID: PMC10832826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2008.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (AD-PKD) is common in Persians and Persians-related breeds. The aims of this study were to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of early ultrasound examination and to compare ultrasound and genetic testing for early diagnosis. Sixty-three Persians and seven Exotic Shorthairs were considered. All underwent ultrasonographic and genetic testing (polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) assay) between 2.5 and 3.5 months of age (10-14 weeks). With ultrasound, 41.4% showed renal cysts, while 37.1% were PKD positive by genetic testing and DNA sequencing. Six cats with at least one renal cyst were negative by genetic testing, while only one cat negative at ultrasound resulted positive at genetic test. DNA sequencing of three polycystic cats, negative by genetic test, revealed they were heterozygous for the mutation. Agreement was described by Cohen's kappa that resulted 0.85, considering genetic test and DNA sequencing. Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were 96.2% and 91%, respectively. Sensitivity was higher and specificity lower than reported previously. The higher sensitivity could be due to improved technical capabilities of ultrasound machines and transducers. Other causes of PKD could explain the lower specificity. In conclusion, ultrasound resulted in a reliable diagnostic method for feline AD-PKD1 at early age and it should always be used with genetic testing, in order to reach a complete screening programme and eventually to identify other genetic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Bonazzi
- Sezione di Radiologia e Diagnostica per Immagini, Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via del Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Antonella Volta
- Sezione di Radiologia e Diagnostica per Immagini, Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via del Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Giacomo Gnudi
- Sezione di Radiologia e Diagnostica per Immagini, Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via del Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria C. Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria G. Strillacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Polli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Longeri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Università di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Manfredi
- Sezione di Radiologia e Diagnostica per Immagini, Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via del Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bertoni
- Sezione di Radiologia e Diagnostica per Immagini, Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via del Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
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Müller DWH, Szentiks CA, Wibbelt G. Polycystic kidney disease in adult Brazilian agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina). Vet Pathol 2009; 46:656-61. [PMID: 19276054 DOI: 10.1354/vp.08-vp-0107-w-fl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During the last 21 years, 7 adult captive Brazilian agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina) from 4 different zoologic gardens were necropsied and histologically examined at the Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany. All animals had polycystic kidney disease as the major pathologic change. Except in 1 case, no clinical signs were recognized prior to death. The animals had macroscopic bilateral alterations of the kidneys ranging from granulated surfaces to severe polycystic changes. Microscopic examination revealed multifocal to generalized, moderate to severe cystic dilatations of Bowman's capsules and renal tubules, moderate mesangial and capsular proliferation of the renal corpuscles, mild interstitial fibrosis, and mild to moderate interstitial lympho-plasmacytic infiltrations. Little information is known about the genetic relationships of these animals, but breeding practice indicates a high possibility of inbred agouti zoo populations in Germany. This is the first report on polycystic kidney disease in Brazilian agoutis with possible genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W H Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke Strasse 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
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