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Jheng JR, Bai Y, Noda K, Huot JR, Cook T, Fisher A, Chen YY, Goncharov DA, Goncharova EA, Simon MA, Zhang Y, Forman DE, Rojas M, Machado RF, Auwerx J, Gladwin MT, Lai YC. Skeletal Muscle SIRT3 Deficiency Contributes to Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circulation 2024; 150:867-883. [PMID: 38804138 PMCID: PMC11384544 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.124.068624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a major complication linked to adverse outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), yet no specific therapies exist for PH associated with HFpEF (PH-HFpEF). We have recently reported on the role of skeletal muscle SIRT3 (sirtuin-3) in modulation of PH-HFpEF, suggesting a novel endocrine signaling pathway for skeletal muscle modulation of pulmonary vascular remodeling. METHODS Using skeletal muscle-specific Sirt3 knockout mice (Sirt3skm-/-) and mass spectrometry-based comparative secretome analysis, we attempted to define the processes by which skeletal muscle SIRT3 defects affect pulmonary vascular health in PH-HFpEF. RESULTS Sirt3skm-/- mice exhibited reduced pulmonary vascular density accompanied by pulmonary vascular proliferative remodeling and elevated pulmonary pressures. Comparative analysis of secretome by mass spectrometry revealed elevated secretion levels of LOXL2 (lysyl oxidase homolog 2) in SIRT3-deficient skeletal muscle cells. Elevated circulation and protein expression levels of LOXL2 were also observed in plasma and skeletal muscle of Sirt3skm-/- mice, a rat model of PH-HFpEF, and humans with PH-HFpEF. In addition, expression levels of CNPY2 (canopy fibroblast growth factor signaling regulator 2), a known proliferative and angiogenic factor, were increased in pulmonary artery endothelial cells and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of Sirt3skm-/- mice and animal models of PH-HFpEF. CNPY2 levels were also higher in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of subjects with obesity compared with nonobese subjects. Moreover, treatment with recombinant LOXL2 protein promoted pulmonary artery endothelial cell migration/proliferation and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation through regulation of CNPY2-p53 signaling. Last, skeletal muscle-specific Loxl2 deletion decreased pulmonary artery endothelial cell and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell expression of CNPY2 and improved pulmonary pressures in mice with high-fat diet-induced PH-HFpEF. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a systemic pathogenic impact of skeletal muscle SIRT3 deficiency in remote pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH-HFpEF. This study suggests a new endocrine signaling axis that links skeletal muscle health and SIRT3 deficiency to remote CNPY2 regulation in the pulmonary vasculature through myokine LOXL2. Our data also identify skeletal muscle SIRT3, myokine LOXL2, and CNPY2 as potential targets for the treatment of PH-HFpEF.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Sirtuin 3/metabolism
- Sirtuin 3/deficiency
- Sirtuin 3/genetics
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Vascular Remodeling
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice
- Humans
- Stroke Volume
- Male
- Rats
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Jheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Yang Bai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang (Y.B.)
| | - Kentaro Noda
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (K.N.)
| | - Joshua R Huot
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology (J.R.H., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Todd Cook
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Amanda Fisher
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Yi-Yun Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-Y.C.)
| | - Dmitry A Goncharov
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis (D.A.G., E.A.G.)
| | - Elena A Goncharova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis (D.A.G., E.A.G.)
| | - Marc A Simon
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco (M.A.S.)
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (Y.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Daniel E Forman
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Geriatrics and Cardiology (D.E.F.), University of Pittsburgh, PA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, PA (D.E.F.)
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus (M.R.)
| | - Roberto F Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology (J.R.H., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland (J.A.)
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore (M.T.G.)
| | - Yen-Chun Lai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine (J.-R.J., Y.B., T.C., A.F., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology (J.R.H., R.F.M., Y.-C.L.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
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2
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Trinh D, Al Halabi L, Brar H, Kametani M, Nash JE. The role of SIRT3 in homeostasis and cellular health. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1434459. [PMID: 39157755 PMCID: PMC11327144 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1434459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are responsible for maintaining cellular energy levels, and play a major role in regulating homeostasis, which ensures physiological function from the molecular to whole animal. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is the major protein deacetylase of mitochondria. SIRT3 serves as a nutrient sensor; under conditions of mild metabolic stress, SIRT3 activity is increased. Within the mitochondria, SIRT3 regulates every complex of the electron transport chain, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and urea cycles, as well as the mitochondria membrane potential, and other free radical scavengers. This article reviews the role of SIRT3 in regulating homeostasis, and thus physiological function. We discuss the role of SIRT3 in regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), ATP, immunological function and mitochondria dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennison Trinh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lina Al Halabi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Harsimar Brar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marie Kametani
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joanne E. Nash
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough Graduate Department of Cells Systems Biology, University of Toronto Cross-Appointment with Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough Scientist – KITE, Toronto, ON, Canada
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3
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Juszczak F, Arnould T, Declèves AE. The Role of Mitochondrial Sirtuins (SIRT3, SIRT4 and SIRT5) in Renal Cell Metabolism: Implication for Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6936. [PMID: 39000044 PMCID: PMC11241570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetic nephropathy, and acute kidney injury (AKI), represent a significant global health burden. The kidneys are metabolically very active organs demanding a large amount of ATP. They are composed of highly specialized cell types in the glomerulus and subsequent tubular compartments which fine-tune metabolism to meet their numerous and diverse functions. Defective renal cell metabolism, including altered fatty acid oxidation or glycolysis, has been linked to both AKI and CKD. Mitochondria play a vital role in renal metabolism, and emerging research has identified mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3, SIRT4 and SIRT5) as key regulators of renal cell metabolic adaptation, especially SIRT3. Sirtuins belong to an evolutionarily conserved family of mainly NAD+-dependent deacetylases, deacylases, and ADP-ribosyl transferases. Their dependence on NAD+, used as a co-substrate, directly links their enzymatic activity to the metabolic status of the cell. In the kidney, SIRT3 has been described to play crucial roles in the regulation of mitochondrial function, and the antioxidative and antifibrotic response. SIRT3 has been found to be constantly downregulated in renal diseases. Genetic or pharmacologic upregulation of SIRT3 has also been associated with beneficial renal outcomes. Importantly, experimental pieces of evidence suggest that SIRT3 may act as an important energy sensor in renal cells by regulating the activity of key enzymes involved in metabolic adaptation. Activation of SIRT3 may thus represent an interesting strategy to ameliorate renal cell energetics. In this review, we discuss the roles of SIRT3 in lipid and glucose metabolism and in mediating a metabolic switch in a physiological and pathological context. Moreover, we highlight the emerging significance of other mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT4 and SIRT5, in renal metabolism. Understanding the role of mitochondrial sirtuins in kidney diseases may also open new avenues for innovative and efficient therapeutic interventions and ultimately improve the management of renal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Juszczak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), 20, Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Thierry Arnould
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), 61, Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium;
| | - Anne-Emilie Declèves
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), 20, Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
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4
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de Cavanagh EMV, Inserra F, Ferder L. Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors positively impact on multiple aging regulatory pathways: Could they be used to protect against human aging? Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16094. [PMID: 38924381 PMCID: PMC11200104 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-a classical blood pressure regulator-largely contributes to healthy organ development and function. Besides, RAS activation promotes age-related changes and age-associated diseases, which are attenuated/abolished by RAS-blockade in several mammalian species. RAS-blockers also increase rodent lifespan. In previous work, we discussed how RAS-blockade downregulates mTOR and growth hormone/IGF-1 signaling, and stimulates AMPK activity (together with klotho, sirtuin, and vitamin D-receptor upregulation), and proposed that at least some of RAS-blockade's aging benefits are mediated through regulation of these intermediaries and their signaling to mitochondria. Here, we included RAS-blockade's impact on other aging regulatory pathways, that is, TGF-ß, NF-kB, PI3K, MAPK, PKC, Notch, and Wnt, all of which affect mitochondria. No direct evidence is available on RAS/RAS-blockade-aging regulatory pathway-mitochondria interactions. However, existing results allow to conjecture that RAS-blockers neutralize mitochondrial dysfunction by acting on the discussed pathways. The reviewed evidence led us to propose that the foundation is laid for conducting clinical trials aimed at testing whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB)-even at subclinical doses-offer the possibility to live longer and in better health. As ACEi and ARB are low cost and well-tolerated anti-hypertension therapies in use for over 35 years, investigating their administration to attenuate/prevent aging effects seems simple to implement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe Inserra
- Department of MedicineMaimonides UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
- Master of Vascular Mechanics and Arterial Hypertension, Postgraduate DepartmentAustral UniversityPilarArgentina
| | - León Ferder
- Department of MedicineMaimonides UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
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5
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Waykar TR, Mandlik SK, Mandlik DS. Sirtuins: exploring next-gen therapeutics in the pathogenesis osteoporosis and associated diseases. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024; 46:277-301. [PMID: 38318808 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2315418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoporosis poses a substantial public health challenge due to an ageing population and the lack of adequate treatment options. The condition is marked by a reduction in bone mineral density, resulting in an elevated risk of fractures. The reduction in bone density and strength, as well as musculoskeletal issues that come with aging, present a significant challenge for individuals impacted by these conditions, as well as the healthcare system worldwide. METHODS Literature survey was conducted until May 2023 using databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. RESULT Sirtuins 1-7 (SIRT1-SIRT7), which are a group of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases, possess remarkable capabilities to increase lifespan and combat diseases related to aging. Research has demonstrated that these proteins play an important role in regular skeletal development and maintenance by directly impacting bone cells. Their dysfunction could be a factor in various bone conditions. Studies conducted on animals before clinical trials have shown that administering Sirtuins agonists to mice provides a safeguard against osteoporosis resulting from aging, menopause, and immobilization. These findings imply that Sirtuins may be a viable target for addressing the irregularity in bone remodeling and treating osteoporosis and other skeletal ailments. CONCLUSION The purpose of this review was to present a thorough and current evaluation of the existing knowledge on Sirtuins biology, with a particular emphasis on their involvement in maintaining bone homeostasis and contributing to osteoporosis. Additionally, the review examines potential pharmacological interventions targeting Sirtuins for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejal R Waykar
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Deepa S Mandlik
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
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6
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Samoilova EM, Romanov SE, Chudakova DA, Laktionov PP. Role of sirtuins in epigenetic regulation and aging control. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2024; 28:215-227. [PMID: 38680178 PMCID: PMC11043508 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-24-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Advances in modern healthcare in developed countries make it possible to extend the human lifespan, which is why maintaining active longevity is becoming increasingly important. After the sirtuin (SIRT) protein family was discovered, it started to be considered as a significant regulator of the physiological processes associated with aging. SIRT has deacetylase, deacylase, and ADP-ribosyltransferase activity and modifies a variety of protein substrates, including chromatin components and regulatory proteins. This multifactorial regulatory system affects many processes: cellular metabolism, mitochondrial functions, epigenetic regulation, DNA repair and more. As is expected, the activity of sirtuin proteins affects the manifestation of classic signs of aging in the body, such as cellular senescence, metabolic disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, genomic instability, and the disruption of epigenetic regulation. Changes in the SIRT activity in human cells can also be considered a marker of aging and are involved in the genesis of various age-dependent disorders. Additionally, experimental data obtained in animal models, as well as data from population genomic studies, suggest a SIRT effect on life expectancy. At the same time, the diversity of sirtuin functions and biochemical substrates makes it extremely complicated to identify cause-and-effect relationships and the direct role of SIRT in controlling the functional state of the body. However, the SIRT influence on the epigenetic regulation of gene expression during the aging process and the development of disorders is one of the most important aspects of maintaining the homeostasis of organs and tissues. The presented review centers on the diversity of SIRT in humans and model animals. In addition to a brief description of the main SIRT enzymatic and biological activity, the review discusses its role in the epigenetic regulation of chromatin structure, including the context of the development of genome instability associated with aging. Studies on the functional connection between SIRT and longevity, as well as its effect on pathological processes associated with aging, such as chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and neuroinflammation, have been critically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Samoilova
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S E Romanov
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D A Chudakova
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - P P Laktionov
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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7
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Cantrell AC, Zeng H, Chen JX. The Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Ferroptosis in the Treatment of Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 83:23-32. [PMID: 37816193 PMCID: PMC10843296 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ferroptosis is a form of iron-regulated cell death implicated in a wide array of diseases, including heart failure, hypertension, and numerous cardiomyopathies. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with several of these same disease states. However, the role of the mitochondrion in ferroptotic cell death remains debated. As a major regulator of cellular iron levels, the mitochondria may very well play a crucial role in the mechanisms behind ferroptosis, but at this point, this has not been adequately defined. Emerging evidence from our laboratory and others indicates a critical role of mitochondrial Sirtuin 3, a deacetylase linked with longevity and protection against numerous conditions, in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we provide a brief overview of the potential roles of Sirtuin 3 in mitochondrial iron homeostasis and its contribution to the mitochondrial cardiomyopathy of Friedreich's ataxia and diabetic cardiomyopathy. We also discuss the current knowledge of the involvement of ferroptosis and the mitochondria in these and other cardiovascular disease states, including doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy, and provide insight into areas requiring further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubrey C Cantrell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, Jackson, MS
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8
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Cong L, Liu X, Bai Y, Qin Q, Zhao L, Shi Y, Bai Y, Guo Z. Melatonin alleviates pyroptosis by regulating the SIRT3/FOXO3α/ROS axis and interacting with apoptosis in Atherosclerosis progression. Biol Res 2023; 56:62. [PMID: 38041171 PMCID: PMC10693060 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS), a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), is steadily rising with the aging of the global population. Pyroptosis and apoptosis, both caspase-mediated cell death mechanisms, play an essential role in the occurrence and progression of AS. The human pineal gland primarily produces melatonin (MT), an indoleamine hormone with powerful anti-oxidative, anti-pyroptotic, and anti-apoptotic properties. This study examined MT's anti-oxidative stress and anti-pyroptotic effects on human THP-1 macrophages treated with nicotine. METHODS In vitro, THP-1 macrophages were induced by 1 µM nicotine to form a pyroptosis model and performed 30 mM MT for treatment. In vivo, ApoE-/- mice were administered 0.1 mg/mL nicotine solution as drinking water, and 1 mg/mL MT solution was intragastric administrated at 10 mg/kg/day. The changes in pyroptosis, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were detected. RESULTS MT downregulated pyroptosis, whose changes were paralleled by a reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reversal of sirtuin3 (SIRT3), and Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3α) upregulation. MT also inhibited apoptosis, mainly caused by the interaction of caspase-1 and caspase-3 proteins. Vivo studies confirmed that nicotine could accelerate plaque formation. Moreover, mice treated with MT showed a reduction in AS lesion area. CONCLUSIONS MT alleviates pyroptosis by regulating the SIRT3/FOXO3α/ROS axis and interacting with apoptosis. Importantly, our understanding of the inhibitory pathways for macrophage pyroptosis will allow us to identify other novel therapeutic targets that will help treat, prevent, and reduce AS-associated mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cong
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiankun Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiming Bai
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Emergency and Critical Care, Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Emergency and Critical Care, Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau, Tianjin, China.
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9
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Trinh D, Israwi AR, Brar H, Villafuerte JEA, Laylo R, Patel H, Jafri S, Al Halabi L, Sinnathurai S, Reehal K, Shi A, Gnanamanogaran V, Garabedian N, Pham I, Thrasher D, Monnier PP, Volpicelli-Daley LA, Nash JE. Parkinson's disease pathology is directly correlated to SIRT3 in human subjects and animal models: Implications for AAV.SIRT3-myc as a disease-modifying therapy. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106287. [PMID: 37704058 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), post-mortem studies in affected brain regions have demonstrated a decline in mitochondrial number and function. This combined with many studies in cell and animal models suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is central to PD pathology. We and others have shown that the mitochondrial protein deacetylase, SIRT3, has neurorestorative effects in PD models. In this study, to determine whether there is a link between PD pathology and SIRT3, we analysed SIRT3 levels in human subjects with PD, and compared to age-matched controls. In the SNc of PD subjects, SIRT3 was reduced by 56.8 ± 15.5% compared to control, regardless of age (p < 0.05, R = 0.6539). Given that age is the primary risk factor for PD, this finding suggests that reduced SIRT3 may contribute to PD pathology. Next, we measured whether there was a correlation between α-synuclein and SIRT3. In a parallel study, we assessed the disease-modifying potential of SIRT3 over-expression in a seeding model of α-synuclein. In PFF rats, infusion of rAAV1.SIRT3-myc reduced abundance of α-synuclein inclusions by 30.1 ± 18.5%. This was not observed when deacetylation deficient SIRT3H248Y was transduced, demonstrating the importance of SIRT3 deacetylation in reducing α-synuclein aggregation. These studies confirm that there is a clear difference in SIRT3 levels in subjects with PD compared to age-matched controls, suggesting a link between SIRT3 and the progression of PD. We also demonstrate that over-expression of SIRT3 reduces α-synuclein aggregation, further validating AAV.SIRT3-myc as a potential disease-modifying solution for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennison Trinh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmad R Israwi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harsimar Brar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jose E A Villafuerte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruella Laylo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Humaiyra Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabika Jafri
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lina Al Halabi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaumia Sinnathurai
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiran Reehal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alyssa Shi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Natalie Garabedian
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ivy Pham
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Drake Thrasher
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Philippe P Monnier
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Joanne E Nash
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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10
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Xu C, Han J, Jia D, Cai J, Yuan J, Ge X. Sirtuin3 confers protection against acute pulmonary embolism through anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis properties: participation of the AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Exp Anim 2023; 72:346-355. [PMID: 36858596 PMCID: PMC10435360 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.22-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have suggested that oxidative stress and inflammation play momentous roles in acute pulmonary embolism (APE). Honokiol, a bioactive biphenolic phytochemical substance, is known for its strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and it served as an activator of sirtuin3 (SIRT3) in the present study. The purposes of the study were to explore the effects of honokiol on APE rats and investigate whether the function of honokiol is mediated by SIRT3 activation. In the study, the rats received a right femoral vein injection of dextran gel G-50 particles (12 mg/kg) to establish the APE model and were subsequently administered honokiol and/or a selective SIRT3 inhibitor 3-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (3-TYP; 5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The results showed that SIRT3 activation by honokiol attenuated the loss in lung function, ameliorated the inflammatory response and oxidative damage, and inhibited apoptosis in lung tissues of the rats with APE but that this was reversed by 3-TYP. In addition, we found that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway might be activated by honokiol but restrained by 3-TYP. These results indicated that honokiol was capable of suppressing the adverse effects of APE and that this was diminished by SIRT3 suppression, implying that activation of SIRT3 might serve as a therapeutic method for APE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Di Jia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Jimin Cai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Yuan
- Department of Science and Education, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
- Orthopedic Institution of Wuxi City, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
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11
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Bazi Bushen mitigates epigenetic aging and extends healthspan in naturally aging mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114384. [PMID: 36764132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bazi Bushen (BZBS), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been proven effective in the treatment of age-related disease in mouse models. However, whether its therapeutic effects are due to antiaging mechanism has not yet been explored. In the present study, we investigated the antiaging effects of BZBS in naturally aging mice by using behavioral tests, liver DNA methylome sequencing, methylation age estimation, and frailty index assessment. The methylome analysis revealed a decrease of mCpG levels in the aged mouse liver. BZBS treatment tended to restore age-associated methylation decline and prune the methylation pattern toward that of young mice. More importantly, BZBS significantly rejuvenated methylation age of the aged mice, which was computed by an upgraded DNA methylation clock. These results were consistent with enhanced memory and muscular endurance, as well as decreased frailty score and liver pathological changes. KEGG analysis together with aging-related database screening identified methylation-targeted pathways upon BZBS treatment, including oxidative stress, DNA repair, MAPK signaling, and inflammation. Upregulation of key effectors and their downstream effects on elevating Sod2 expression and diminishing DNA damage were further investigated. Finally, in vitro experiments with senescent HUVECs proved a direct effect of BZBS extracts on the regulation of methylation enzymes during cellular aging. In summary, our work has revealed for the first time the antiaging effects of BZBS by slowing the methylation aging. These results suggest that BZBS might have great potential to extend healthspan and also explored the mechanism of BZBS action in the treatment of age-related diseases.
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12
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Pearson-Smith JN, Fulton R, Huynh CQ, Figueroa AG, Huynh GB, Liang LP, Gano LB, Michel CR, Reisdorph N, Reisdorph R, Fritz KS, Verdin E, Patel M. Neuronal SIRT3 Deletion Predisposes to Female-Specific Alterations in Cellular Metabolism, Memory, and Network Excitability. J Neurosci 2023; 43:1845-1857. [PMID: 36759193 PMCID: PMC10010453 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1259-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early event in the pathogenesis of neurologic disorders and aging. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) regulates mitochondrial function in response to the cellular environment through the reversible deacetylation of proteins involved in metabolism and reactive oxygen species detoxification. As the primary mitochondrial deacetylase, germline, or peripheral tissue-specific deletion of SIRT3 produces mitochondrial hyperacetylation and the accelerated development of age-related diseases. Given the unique metabolic demands of neurons, the role of SIRT3 in the brain is only beginning to emerge. Using mass spectrometry-based acetylomics, high-resolution respirometry, video-EEG, and cognition testing, we report targeted deletion of SIRT3 from select neurons in the cortex and hippocampus produces altered neuronal excitability and metabolic dysfunction in female mice. Targeted deletion of SIRT3 from neuronal helix-loop-helix 1 (NEX)-expressing neurons resulted in mitochondrial hyperacetylation, female-specific superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) modification, increased steady-state superoxide levels, metabolic reprogramming, altered neuronal excitability, and working spatial memory deficits. Inducible neuronal deletion of SIRT3 likewise produced female-specific deficits in spatial working memory. Together, the data demonstrate that deletion of SIRT3 from forebrain neurons selectively predisposes female mice to deficits in mitochondrial and cognitive function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Mitochondrial SIRT3 is an enzyme shown to regulate energy metabolism and antioxidant function, by direct deacetylation of proteins. In this study, we show that neuronal SIRT3 deficiency renders female mice selectively vulnerable to impairment in redox and metabolic function, spatial memory, and neuronal excitability. The observed sex-specific effects on cognition and neuronal excitability in female SIRT3-deficient mice suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may be one factor underlying comorbid neuronal diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. Furthermore, the data suggest that SIRT3 dysfunction may predispose females to age-related metabolic and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Pearson-Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Ruth Fulton
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Christopher Q Huynh
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Anna G Figueroa
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Gia B Huynh
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Li-Ping Liang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Lindsey B Gano
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Cole R Michel
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Richard Reisdorph
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Kristofer S Fritz
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Aging, Novato, California 94945
| | - Manisha Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
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13
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Zare A, Salehpour A, Khoradmehr A, Bakhshalizadeh S, Najafzadeh V, Almasi-Turk S, Mahdipour M, Shirazi R, Tamadon A. Epigenetic Modification Factors and microRNAs Network Associated with Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells toward Cardiomyocytes: A Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020569. [PMID: 36836926 PMCID: PMC9965891 DOI: 10.3390/life13020569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
More research is being conducted on myocardial cell treatments utilizing stem cell lines that can develop into cardiomyocytes. All of the forms of cardiac illnesses have shown to be quite amenable to treatments using embryonic (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In the present study, we reviewed the differentiation of these cell types into cardiomyocytes from an epigenetic standpoint. We also provided a miRNA network that is devoted to the epigenetic commitment of stem cells toward cardiomyocyte cells and related diseases, such as congenital heart defects, comprehensively. Histone acetylation, methylation, DNA alterations, N6-methyladenosine (m6a) RNA methylation, and cardiac mitochondrial mutations are explored as potential tools for precise stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zare
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Aria Salehpour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Vahid Najafzadeh
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sahar Almasi-Turk
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633341, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz 7135644144, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
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14
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Wang X, Huang Y, Zhang K, Chen F, Nie T, Zhao Y, He F, Ni J. Changes of energy metabolism in failing heart and its regulation by SIRT3. Heart Fail Rev 2023:10.1007/s10741-023-10295-5. [PMID: 36708431 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospitalization in elderly patients and a disease with extremely high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. Although there are some existing treatment methods for heart failure, due to its complex pathogenesis and often accompanied by various comorbidities, there is still a lack of specific drugs to treat HF. The mortality rate of patients with HF is still high, highlighting an urgent need to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of HF and seek new therapeutic approaches. The heart is an organ with a very high metabolic intensity, mainly using fatty acids, glucose, ketone bodies, and branched-chain amino acids as energy substrates to supply energy for the heart. Loss of metabolic flexibility and metabolic remodeling occurs with HF. Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) is a member of the NAD+-dependent Sirtuin family located in mitochondria, and can participate in mitochondrial physiological functions through the deacetylation of metabolic and respiratory enzymes in mitochondria. As the center of energy metabolism, mitochondria are involved in many physiological processes. Maintaining stable metabolic and physiological functions of the heart depends on normal mitochondrial function. The damage or loss of SIRT3 can lead to various cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we summarize the recent progress of SIRT3 in cardiac mitochondrial protection and metabolic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Feng Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Tong Nie
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Feng He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China.
| | - Jingyu Ni
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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15
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Fan S, Hu Y, You Y, Xue W, Chai R, Zhang X, Shou X, Shi J. Role of resveratrol in inhibiting pathological cardiac remodeling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924473. [PMID: 36120366 PMCID: PMC9475218 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a group of diseases with high mortality in clinic, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart valve disease, heart failure, to name a few. In the development of cardiovascular diseases, pathological cardiac remodeling is the most common cardiac pathological change, which often becomes a domino to accelerate the deterioration of the disease. Therefore, inhibiting pathological cardiac remodeling may delay the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases and provide patients with greater long-term benefits. Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol compound. It mainly exists in grapes, berries, peanuts and red wine, and has cardiovascular protective effects, such as anti-oxidation, inhibiting inflammatory reaction, antithrombotic, dilating blood vessels, inhibiting apoptosis and delaying atherosclerosis. At present, the research of resveratrol has made rich progress. This review aims to summarize the possible mechanism of resveratrol against pathological cardiac remodeling, in order to provide some help for the in-depth exploration of the mechanism of inhibiting pathological cardiac remodeling and the development and research of drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Fan
- Department of cardiological medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of cardiological medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanhui Hu,
| | - Yaping You
- Department of cardiological medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Xue
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoning Chai
- Department of cardiological medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of cardiological medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xintian Shou
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Department of cardiological medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Valero-Muñoz M, Saw EL, Hekman RM, Blum BC, Hourani Z, Granzier H, Emili A, Sam F. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:966968. [PMID: 36093146 PMCID: PMC9452734 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.966968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasing, evidence-based therapies for HFpEF remain limited, likely due to an incomplete understanding of this disease. This study sought to identify the cardiac-specific features of protein and phosphoprotein changes in a murine model of HFpEF using mass spectrometry. HFpEF mice demonstrated moderate hypertension, left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy, lung congestion and diastolic dysfunction. Proteomics analysis of the LV tissue showed that 897 proteins were differentially expressed between HFpEF and Sham mice. We observed abundant changes in sarcomeric proteins, mitochondrial-related proteins, and NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3). Upregulated pathways by GSEA analysis were related to immune modulation and muscle contraction, while downregulated pathways were predominantly related to mitochondrial metabolism. Western blot analysis validated SIRT3 downregulated cardiac expression in HFpEF vs. Sham (0.8 ± 0.0 vs. 1.0 ± 0.0; P < 0.001). Phosphoproteomics analysis showed that 72 phosphosites were differentially regulated between HFpEF and Sham LV. Aberrant phosphorylation patterns mostly occurred in sarcomere proteins and nuclear-localized proteins associated with contractile dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy. Seven aberrant phosphosites were observed at the z-disk binding region of titin. Additional agarose gel analysis showed that while total titin cardiac expression remained unaltered, its stiffer N2B isoform was significantly increased in HFpEF vs. Sham (0.144 ± 0.01 vs. 0.127 ± 0.01; P < 0.05). In summary, this study demonstrates marked changes in proteins related to mitochondrial metabolism and the cardiac contractile apparatus in HFpEF. We propose that SIRT3 may play a role in perpetuating these changes and may be a target for drug development in HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Valero-Muñoz
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eng Leng Saw
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan M. Hekman
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Genomics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Benjamin C. Blum
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Genomics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zaynab Hourani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Henk Granzier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Genomics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Flora Sam
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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17
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Zhou L, Pinho R, Gu Y, Radak Z. The Role of SIRT3 in Exercise and Aging. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162596. [PMID: 36010672 PMCID: PMC9406297 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of regular exercise are well established. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for exercise-induced health benefits remain a topic of debate. One of the key cell-signaling candidates proposed to provide exercise-induced benefits is sirtuin 3 (SIRT3). SIRT3, an NAD+ dependent mitochondrial deacetylase, positively modulates many cellular processes, including energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and protection against oxidative stress. Although the exercise-induced change in SIRT3 signaling is a potential mechanism contributing to the health advantages of exercise on aging, studies investigating the impact of exercise on SIRT3 abundance in cells provide conflicting results. To resolve this conundrum, this narrative review provides a detailed analysis of the role that exercise-induced changes in SIRT3 play in providing the health and aging benefits associated with regular physical activity. We begin with an overview of SIRT3 function in cells followed by a comprehensive review of the impact of exercise on SIRT3 expression in humans and other mammalians. We then discuss the impact of SIRT3 on aging, followed by a thorough analysis of the cell-signaling links between SIRT3 and exercise-induced adaptation. Notably, to stimulate future research, we conclude with a discussion of key unanswered questions related to exercise, aging, and SIRT3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Research Institute of Molecular Exercise Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, H-1123 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ricardo Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Molecular Exercise Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, H-1123 Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-304918224
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18
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Li HY, Cai ZY. SIRT3 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in aging-related diseases. J Biomed Res 2022; 37:77-88. [PMID: 36056557 PMCID: PMC10018414 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), the main family member of mitochondrial deacetylase, targets the majority of substrates controlling mitochondrial biogenesis via lysine deacetylation and modulates important cellular functions such as energy metabolism, reactive oxygen species production and clearance, oxidative stress, and aging. Deletion of SIRT3 has a deleterious effect on mitochondrial biogenesis, thus leading to the defect in mitochondrial function and insufficient ATP production. Imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics leads to excessive mitochondrial biogenesis, dampening mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in several diseases related to aging, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) launches mitochondrial biogenesis through activating nuclear respiratory factors. These factors act on genes, transcribing and translating mitochondrial DNA to generate new mitochondria. PGC1α builds a bridge between SIRT3 and mitochondrial biogenesis. This review described the involvement of SIRT3 and mitochondrial dynamics, particularly mitochondrial biogenesis in aging-related diseases, and further illustrated the role of the signaling events between SIRT3 and mitochondrial biogenesis in the pathological process of aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Zhi-You Cai
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 401147, China
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19
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Ouyang S, Zhang Q, Lou L, Zhu K, Li Z, Liu P, Zhang X. The Double-Edged Sword of SIRT3 in Cancer and Its Therapeutic Applications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:871560. [PMID: 35571098 PMCID: PMC9092499 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.871560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism is considered an emerging feature of cancer. Mitochondrial metabolism plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. As a major mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase, sirtuin3 (SIRT3) deacetylates and regulates the enzymes involved in regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism, including fatty acid oxidation, the Krebs cycle, and the respiratory chain to maintain metabolic homeostasis. In this article, we review the multiple roles of SIRT3 in various cancers, and systematically summarize the recent advances in the discovery of its activators and inhibitors. The roles of SIRT3 vary in different cancers and have cell- and tumor-type specificity. SIRT3 plays a unique function by mediating interactions between mitochondria and intracellular signaling. The critical functions of SIRT3 have renewed interest in the development of small molecule modulators that regulate its activity. Delineation of the underlying mechanism of SIRT3 as a critical regulator of cell metabolism and further characterization of the mitochondrial substrates of SIRT3 will deepen our understanding of the role of SIRT3 in tumorigenesis and progression and may provide novel therapeutic strategies for cancer targeting SIRT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Ouyang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyi Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Lou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Innovation Practice Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zeyu Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Wodrich APK, Scott AW, Shukla AK, Harris BT, Giniger E. The Unfolded Protein Responses in Health, Aging, and Neurodegeneration: Recent Advances and Future Considerations. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:831116. [PMID: 35283733 PMCID: PMC8914544 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.831116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and age-related neurodegeneration are both associated with the accumulation of unfolded and abnormally folded proteins, highlighting the importance of protein homeostasis (termed proteostasis) in maintaining organismal health. To this end, two cellular compartments with essential protein folding functions, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the mitochondria, are equipped with unique protein stress responses, known as the ER unfolded protein response (UPR ER ) and the mitochondrial UPR (UPR mt ), respectively. These organellar UPRs play roles in shaping the cellular responses to proteostatic stress that occurs in aging and age-related neurodegeneration. The loss of adaptive UPR ER and UPR mt signaling potency with age contributes to a feed-forward cycle of increasing protein stress and cellular dysfunction. Likewise, UPR ER and UPR mt signaling is often altered in age-related neurodegenerative diseases; however, whether these changes counteract or contribute to the disease pathology appears to be context dependent. Intriguingly, altering organellar UPR signaling in animal models can reduce the pathological consequences of aging and neurodegeneration which has prompted clinical investigations of UPR signaling modulators as therapeutics. Here, we review the physiology of both the UPR ER and the UPR mt , discuss how UPR ER and UPR mt signaling changes in the context of aging and neurodegeneration, and highlight therapeutic strategies targeting the UPR ER and UPR mt that may improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. K. Wodrich
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Andrew W. Scott
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Arvind Kumar Shukla
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brent T. Harris
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Edward Giniger
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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21
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Cao M, Zhao Q, Sun X, Qian H, Lyu S, Chen R, Xia H, Yuan W. Sirtuin 3: Emerging therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 180:63-74. [PMID: 35031448 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation is one of the most important methods of modification that lead to a change in the function of proteins. In humans, metabolic enzymes commonly undergo acetylation, which regulates the activities of metabolic enzymes and metabolic pathways. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a prominent deacetylase that participates in mitochondrial metabolism, redox balance, and mitochondrial dynamics by regulating mitochondrial protein acetylation, thereby protecting mitochondria from damage. Normal mitochondrial function is essential for maintaining the metabolism and function of the heart. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction caused by SIRT3 consumption and defects leads to the development of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the role of SIRT3 in cardiovascular disease is critical for developing new therapeutic strategies. Herein, we summarize the function of SIRT3 in mitochondria, the complex mechanisms mediating cardiovascular diseases, and the potential value of SIRT3 small-molecule agonists in future clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Qianru Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Han Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Shumei Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China.
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22
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Ji Z, Liu GH, Qu J. Mitochondrial sirtuins, metabolism, and aging. J Genet Genomics 2021; 49:287-298. [PMID: 34856390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining metabolic homeostasis is essential for cellular and organismal health throughout life. Of the multiple signaling pathways that regulate metabolism, such as PI3K/AKT, mTOR, AMPK, and sirtuins, mammalian sirtuins also play unique roles in aging. By understanding how sirtuins regulate metabolic processes, we can start to understand how they slow down or accelerate biological aging. Here, we review the biology of SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5, known as the mitochondrial sirtuins due to their localization in the mitochondrial matrix. First, we will focus on canonical pathways that regulate metabolism more broadly and how these are integrated with aging regulation. Then, we will summarize the current knowledge about functional differences between SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 in metabolic control and integration in signaling networks. Finally, we will discuss how mitochondrial sirtuins regulate processes associated with aging and oxidative stress, calorie restriction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhejun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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23
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Silaghi CN, Farcaș M, Crăciun AM. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) Pathways in Age-Related Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111574. [PMID: 34829803 PMCID: PMC8615405 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases lead to high morbidity and mortality around the world. Sirtuins are vital enzymes for metabolic adaptation and provide protective effects against a wide spectrum of pathologies. Among sirtuins, mitochondrial sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is an essential player in preserving the habitual metabolic profile. SIRT3 activity declines as a result of aging-induced changes in cellular metabolism, leading to increased susceptibility to endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, heart failure and neurodegenerative diseases. Stimulating SIRT3 activity via lifestyle, pharmacological or genetic interventions could protect against a plethora of pathologies and could improve health and lifespan. Thus, understanding how SIRT3 operates and how its protective effects could be amplified, will aid in treating age-associated diseases and ultimately, in enhancing the quality of life in elders.
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24
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Jayatunga DPW, Hone E, Khaira H, Lunelli T, Singh H, Guillemin GJ, Fernando B, Garg ML, Verdile G, Martins RN. Therapeutic Potential of Mitophagy-Inducing Microflora Metabolite, Urolithin A for Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113744. [PMID: 34836000 PMCID: PMC8617978 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction including deficits of mitophagy is seen in aging and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Apart from traditionally targeting amyloid beta (Aβ), the main culprit in AD brains, other approaches include investigating impaired mitochondrial pathways for potential therapeutic benefits against AD. Thus, a future therapy for AD may focus on novel candidates that enhance optimal mitochondrial integrity and turnover. Bioactive food components, known as nutraceuticals, may serve as such agents to combat AD. Urolithin A is an intestinal microbe-derived metabolite of a class of polyphenols, ellagitannins (ETs). Urolithin A is known to exert many health benefits. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-Aβ, and pro-mitophagy properties are increasingly recognized. However, the underlying mechanisms of urolithin A in inducing mitophagy is poorly understood. This review discusses the mitophagy deficits in AD and examines potential molecular mechanisms of its activation. Moreover, the current knowledge of urolithin A is discussed, focusing on its neuroprotective properties and its potential to induce mitophagy. Specifically, this review proposes potential mechanisms by which urolithin A may activate and promote mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona Pamoda W. Jayatunga
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Eugene Hone
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Harjot Khaira
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (H.K.); (T.L.); (H.S.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Taciana Lunelli
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (H.K.); (T.L.); (H.S.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Harjinder Singh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (H.K.); (T.L.); (H.S.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Gilles J. Guillemin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- St. Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2011, Australia
| | - Binosha Fernando
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (H.K.); (T.L.); (H.S.); (M.L.G.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (D.P.W.J.); (E.H.); (B.F.); (G.V.)
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, 8 Verdun Street., Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-9347-4200
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25
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Baeken MW, Schwarz M, Kern A, Moosmann B, Hajieva P, Behl C. The selective degradation of sirtuins via macroautophagy in the MPP + model of Parkinson's disease is promoted by conserved oxidation sites. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:286. [PMID: 34642296 PMCID: PMC8511006 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The sirtuin (SIRT) protein family has been of major research interest over the last decades because of their involvement in aging, cancer, and cell death. SIRTs have been implicated in gene and metabolic regulation through their capacity to remove acyl groups from lysine residues in proteins in an NAD+-dependent manner, which may alter individual protein properties as well as the histone–DNA interaction. Since SIRTs regulate a wide range of different signaling cascades, a fine-tuned homeostasis of these proteins is imperative to guarantee the function and survival of the cell. So far, however, how exactly this homeostasis is established has remained unknown. Here, we provide evidence that neuronal SIRT degradation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) models is executed by autophagy rather than the proteasome. In neuronal Lund human mesencephalic (LUHMES) cells, all seven SIRTs were substrates for autophagy and showed an accelerated autophagy-dependent degradation upon 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) mediated oxidative insults in vitro, whereas the proteasome did not contribute to the removal of oxidized SIRTs. Through blockade of endogenous H2O2 generation and supplementation with the selective radical scavenger phenothiazine (PHT), we could identify H2O2-derived species as the responsible SIRT-oxidizing agents. Analysis of all human SIRTs suggested a conserved regulatory motif based on cysteine oxidation, which may have triggered their degradation via autophagy. High amounts of H2O2, however, rapidly carbonylated selectively SIRT2, SIRT6, and SIRT7, which were found to accumulate carbonylation-prone amino acids. Our data may help in finding new strategies to maintain and modify SIRT bioavailability in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius W Baeken
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, The Autophagy Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. .,Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Engineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904 0495, Japan.
| | - Mario Schwarz
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, The Autophagy Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Kern
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, The Autophagy Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernd Moosmann
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, Evolutionary Biochemistry and Redox Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Parvana Hajieva
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, Cellular Adaptation Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Medicine, MSH Medical School, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Behl
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, The Autophagy Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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26
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Parsons RB, Facey PD. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase: An Emerging Protagonist in Cancer Macro(r)evolution. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1418. [PMID: 34680055 PMCID: PMC8533529 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has progressed from being considered merely a Phase II metabolic enzyme to one with a central role in cell function and energy metabolism. Over the last three decades, a significant body of evidence has accumulated which clearly demonstrates a central role for NNMT in cancer survival, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this review, we discuss the evidence supporting a role for NNMT in the progression of the cancer phenotype and how it achieves this by driving the activity of pro-oncogenic NAD+-consuming enzymes. We also describe how increased NNMT activity supports the Warburg effect and how it promotes oncogenic changes in gene expression. We discuss the regulation of NNMT activity in cancer cells by both post-translational modification of the enzyme and transcription factor binding to the NNMT gene, and describe for the first time three long non-coding RNAs which may play a role in the regulation of NNMT transcription. We complete the review by discussing the development of novel anti-cancer therapeutics which target NNMT and provide insight into how NNMT-based therapies may be best employed clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Parsons
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Paul D. Facey
- Singleton Park Campus, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK;
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27
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Sirtuins and Renal Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081198. [PMID: 34439446 PMCID: PMC8388938 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal failure is a major health problem that is increasing worldwide. To improve clinical outcomes, we need to understand the basic mechanisms of kidney disease. Aging is a risk factor for the development and progression of kidney disease. Cells develop an imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants as they age, resulting in oxidative stress and the development of kidney damage. Calorie restriction (CR) is recognized as a dietary approach that promotes longevity, reduces oxidative stress, and delays the onset of age-related diseases. Sirtuins, a type of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase, are considered to be anti-aging molecules, and CR induces their expression. The sirtuin family consists of seven enzymes (Sirt1–7) that are involved in processes and functions related to antioxidant and oxidative stress, such as DNA damage repair and metabolism through histone and protein deacetylation. In fact, a role for sirtuins in the regulation of antioxidants and redox substances has been suggested. Therefore, the activation of sirtuins in the kidney may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to enhancing resistance to many causative factors in kidney disease through the reduction of oxidative stress. In this review, we discuss the relationship between sirtuins and oxidative stress in renal disease.
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28
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Pietri P, Stefanadis C. Cardiovascular Aging and Longevity: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:189-204. [PMID: 33446313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular aging and longevity are interrelated through many pathophysiological mechanisms. Many factors that promote atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are also implicated in the aging process and vice versa. Indeed, cardiometabolic disorders such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension share common pathophysiological mechanisms with aging and longevity. Moreover, genetic modulators of longevity have a significant impact on cardiovascular aging. The current knowledge of genetic, molecular, and biochemical pathways of aging may serve as a substrate to introduce interventions that might delay cardiovascular aging, thus approaching the goal of longevity. In the present review, the authors describe pathophysiological links between cardiovascular aging and longevity and translate these mechanisms into clinical data by reporting genetic, dietary, and environmental characteristics from long-living populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Pietri
- Athens Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Research Institute for Longevity and Aging-related diseases, Athens, Greece
| | - Christodoulos Stefanadis
- Athens Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Research Institute for Longevity and Aging-related diseases, Athens, Greece.
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29
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Chen JX, Yang L, Sun L, Chen W, Wu J, Zhang CF, Liu KY, Bai L, Lu HG, Gao T, Tian H, Jiang SL. Sirtuin 3 Ameliorates Lung Senescence and Improves Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cell Function by Enhancing the FoxO3a-Dependent Antioxidant Defense Mechanism. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:843-855. [PMID: 34148409 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung aging alters the intrinsic structure of the lung and pulmonary surfactant system and increases the mortality and morbidity due to respiratory diseases in elderly individuals. We hypothesized that lung aging results from an insufficiency of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECIIs) in the lung tissue. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a member of the sirtuin family of proteins that promote longevity in many organisms. Increased SIRT3 expression has been linked to an extended life span in humans. Hence, we speculated that the overexpression of SIRT3 may help to ameliorate lung senescence and improve AECII function. AECIIs were isolated from young and old patients with pneumothorax caused by pulmonary bullae. The expression of SIRT3, manganese superoxide dismutase, and catalase, as well as cell function and senescence indicators of young and old AECIIs, was measured before and after SIRT3 overexpression. After SIRT3 overexpression, the aged state of old AECIIs improved, and antiapoptotic activity, proliferation, and secretion were dramatically enhanced. Surfactant protein C (SPC), which is secreted by AECIIs, reduces alveolar surface tension, repairs the alveolar structure, and regulates inflammation. SPC deficiency in patients is associated with increased inflammation and delayed repair. SIRT3 deacetylated forkhead box O3a, thereby protecting mitochondria from oxidative stress and improving cell function and the senescent state of old AECIIs. These findings provide a possible direction for aging-delaying therapies and interventions for diseases of the respiratory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai-Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Long Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Guang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tong Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hai Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shu-Lin Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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30
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Poljsak B, Kovač V, Levec T, Milisav I. Nature Versus Nurture: What Can be Learned from the Oldest-Old's Claims About Longevity? Rejuvenation Res 2021; 24:262-273. [PMID: 33544039 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2020.2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Beneficial genetic or environmental factors that influence the length and quality of life can be evaluated while studying supercentenarians. The oldest-old can withstand serious/fatal illnesses more than their peers and/or their aging rate is decreased. Supercentenarians are an interesting group of individuals whose lifestyle is not particularly healthy according to the common guidelines, namely some of them seem to have similar harmful behaviors, but still manage to stay healthier for longer, and while eventually dying from the same degenerative diseases as the general population, they develop symptoms 20-30 years later. As there are not many supercentenarians by definition, it is worthwhile to diligently collect their data to enable future meta-analyses on larger samples; much can be learned from supercentenarians' habits and lifestyle choices about the aging process. Contributions of genetics, lifestyle choices, and epigenetics to their extended life span are discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borut Poljsak
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vito Kovač
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Levec
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Chair of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irina Milisav
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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31
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Diao Z, Ji Q, Wu Z, Zhang W, Cai Y, Wang Z, Hu J, Liu Z, Wang Q, Bi S, Huang D, Ji Z, Liu GH, Wang S, Song M, Qu J. SIRT3 consolidates heterochromatin and counteracts senescence. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:4203-4219. [PMID: 33706382 PMCID: PMC8096253 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase linked to a broad range of physiological and pathological processes, including aging and aging-related diseases. However, the role of SIRT3 in regulating human stem cell homeostasis remains unclear. Here we found that SIRT3 expression was downregulated in senescent human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). CRISPR/Cas9-mediated depletion of SIRT3 led to compromised nuclear integrity, loss of heterochromatin and accelerated senescence in hMSCs. Further analysis indicated that SIRT3 interacted with nuclear envelope proteins and heterochromatin-associated proteins. SIRT3 deficiency resulted in the detachment of genomic lamina-associated domains (LADs) from the nuclear lamina, increased chromatin accessibility and aberrant repetitive sequence transcription. The re-introduction of SIRT3 rescued the disorganized heterochromatin and the senescence phenotypes. Taken together, our study reveals a novel role for SIRT3 in stabilizing heterochromatin and counteracting hMSC senescence, providing new potential therapeutic targets to ameliorate aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qianzhao Ji
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zeming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yusheng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianli Hu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shijia Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daoyuan Huang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhejun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Si Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
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32
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Qiu L, Yi S, Yu T, Hao Y. Sirt3 Protects Against Thoracic Aortic Dissection Formation by Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species, Vascular Inflammation, and Apoptosis of Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:675647. [PMID: 34095262 PMCID: PMC8176563 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.675647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin3 (Sirt3) is a histone deacetylase involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. Sirt3 deficiency is known to increase oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote degradation of the extracellular matrix and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis. Reducing oxidative stress by Sirt3 overexpression could have therapeutic potential for limiting thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) development. We hypothesized that Sirt3 deficiency could increase the risk for TAD by decreasing ROS elimination and that Sirt3 overexpression (Sirt3OE) could provide an alternative option for TAD treatment. Mice with TAD had significantly lower Sirt3 expression than normal subjects. Sirt3 KO mice exhibit significantly increased TAD incidence rate and increased aortic diameters. Moreover, Sirt3 overexpression reduced Ang II-induced ROS production, NF-kB activation, and apoptosis in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Sirt3 overexpression attenuated aneurysm formation and decreased aortic expansion. In conclusion, our data showed that Sirt3 deficiency increases susceptibility to TAD formation by attenuating anti-ROS effects and increasing VSMC apoptosis and vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qiu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaolei Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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33
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Hu D, Xie F, Xiao Y, Lu C, Zhong J, Huang D, Chen J, Wei J, Jiang Y, Zhong T. Metformin: A Potential Candidate for Targeting Aging Mechanisms. Aging Dis 2021; 12:480-493. [PMID: 33815878 PMCID: PMC7990352 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a universal phenomenon in all biological organisms, defined by the loss of reproductive capacity and a progressive decline in fitness. In humans, aging is further associated with an increased incidence of disease conditions. The current aging population has become a primary public burden of the 21st century. Therefore, to delay the aging process and maintain fitness in the aging population, the discovery of novel anti-aging drugs remains an urgent need. In recent years, metformin, a widely used hypoglycemic drug, has attracted growing attention in the field of anti-aging research. Reportedly, numerous studies have indicated that metformin regulates aging-related pathways, possibly delaying the aging process by modulating these pathways. The elucidation of these anti-aging effects may provide insights into the age-retarding potential of metformin. The present review focuses on the predominant molecular mechanisms associated with aging, as well as the anti-aging effects of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Hu
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Xie
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yongwei Xiao
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chen Lu
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jianing Zhong
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Defa Huang
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,4Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jifu Wei
- 4Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- 5Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,4Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Zivarpour P, Reiner Ž, Hallajzadeh J, Mirsafaei L. Resveratrol and cardiac fibrosis prevention and treatment. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:190-200. [PMID: 33583368 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210212125003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are some of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developed or developing countries but in developed countries as well. Cardiac fibrosis is one of the most often pathological changes of heart tissues. It occurs as a result of extracellular matrix proteins accumulation at myocardia. Cardiac fibrosis results in impaired cardiac systolic and diastolic functions and is associated with other effects. Therapies with medicines have not been sufficiently successful in treating chronic diseases such as CVD. Therefore, the interest for therapeutic potential of natural compounds and medicinal plants has increased. Plants such as grapes, berries and peanuts contain a polyphenolic compound called "resveratrol" which has been reported to have various therapeutic properties for a variety of diseases. Studies on laboratory models that show that resveratrol has beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction, high blood pressure cardiomyopathy, thrombosis, cardiac fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. In vitro animal models using resveratrol indicated protective effects on the heart by neutralizing reactive oxygen species, preventing inflammation, increasing neoangiogenesis, dilating blood vessels, suppressing apoptosis and delaying atherosclerosis. In this review, we are presenting experimental and clinical results of studies concerning resveratrol effects on cardiac fibrosis as a CVD outcome in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Zivarpour
- Department of Biological sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz. Iran
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb. Croatia
| | - Jamal Hallajzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Science, Maragheh. Iran
| | - Liaosadat Mirsafaei
- Department of Cardiology, Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
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35
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Farnoosh G, Saeedi-Boroujeni A, Jalali A, Keikhaei B, Mahmoudian-Sani MR. Polymorphisms in genes involved in breast cancer among Iranian patients. Per Med 2021; 18:153-169. [PMID: 33565318 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2020-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review gives a summary of the important genetic polymorphisms in breast cancer with a focus on people in Iran. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms were considered as breast cancer susceptibility polymorphisms within genes (STK15, ERRs, ESR1, p53, SEP15, AURKA, SHBG, SRC, FAS, VEGF, XRCC1, GST, NFκB1, XPC, XRCC3, sirtuin-3, NKG2D). Cytosine-adenine repeat (IGF-I), rs3877899, G-2548A, GGC (eRF3a/GSPT1), IVS2nt-124A/G have shown an increased risk of breast cancers and a decreased risk has been observed in 4G/5G (PAI-1), rs6505162, tri-nucleotide (GCG TGFBR1). We observed that the signaling pathways and antioxidant related genes are the main molecular processes associated with breast cancer progression. Further studies on types of polymorphisms in breast cancer could validate the prognostic value of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Farnoosh
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Immunology Today, Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Jalali
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, School of Medicine Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
| | - Bijan Keikhaei
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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36
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Li Q, Cheng JC, Jiang Q, Lee WY. Role of sirtuins in bone biology: Potential implications for novel therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13301. [PMID: 33393735 PMCID: PMC7884050 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline in bone mass and bone strength and musculoskeletal problems associated with aging constitute a major challenge for affected individuals and the healthcare system globally. Sirtuins 1-7 (SIRT1-SIRT7) are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylases with remarkable abilities to promote longevity and counteract age-related diseases. Sirtuin knockout and transgenic models have provided novel insights into the function and signaling of these proteins in bone homeostasis. Studies have revealed that sirtuins play a critical role in normal skeletal development and homeostasis through their direct action on bone cells and that their dysregulation might contribute to different bone diseases. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that mice treated with sirtuin agonists show protection against age-related, postmenopausal, and immobilization-induced osteoporosis. These findings suggest that sirtuins could be potential targets for the modulation of the imbalance in bone remodeling and treatment of osteoporosis and other bone disorders. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive updated review of the current knowledge on sirtuin biology, focusing specifically on their roles in bone homeostasis and osteoporosis, and potential pharmacological interventions targeting sirtuins for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Jack Chun‐yiu Cheng
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive SurgeryDrum Tower Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wayne Yuk‐wai Lee
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
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Govindarajulu M, Ramesh S, Neel L, Fabbrini M, Buabeid M, Fujihashi A, Dwyer D, Lynd T, Shah K, Mohanakumar KP, Smith F, Moore T, Dhanasekaran M. Nutraceutical based SIRT3 activators as therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104958. [PMID: 33444675 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and its incidence is increasing worldwide with increased lifespan. Currently, there is no effective treatment to cure or prevent the progression of AD, which indicates the need to develop novel therapeutic targets and agents. Sirtuins, especially SIRT3, a mitochondrial deacetylase, are NAD-dependent histone deacetylases involved in aging and longevity. Accumulating evidence indicates that SIRT3 dysfunction is strongly associated with pathologies of AD, hence, therapeutic modulation of SIRT3 activity may be a novel application to ameliorate the pathologies of AD. Natural products commonly used in traditional medicine have wide utility and appear to have therapeutic benefits for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. The present review summarizes the currently available natural SIRT3 activators and their potentially neuroprotective molecular mechanisms of action that make them a promising agent in the treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Logan Neel
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Mary Fabbrini
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayaka Fujihashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Darby Dwyer
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Tyler Lynd
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Karishma Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, D.Y. Patil Medical College and Research Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Forrest Smith
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Timothy Moore
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
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38
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Vazquez BN, Vaquero A, Schindler K. Sirtuins in female meiosis and in reproductive longevity. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:1175-1187. [PMID: 33184962 PMCID: PMC7775317 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Transmission of genetic material through high-quality gametes to progeny requires accurate homologous chromosome recombination and segregation during meiosis. A failure to accomplish these processes can have major consequences in reproductive health, including infertility, and development disorders in offspring. Sirtuins, a family of NAD+ -dependent protein deacetylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases, play key roles in genome maintenance, metabolism, and aging. In recent years, Sirtuins have emerged as regulators of several reproductive processes and interventions aiming to target Sirtuin activity are of great interest in the reproductive biology field. Sirtuins are pivotal to protect germ cells against oxidative stress, a major determinant influencing ovarian aging and the quality of gametes. Sirtuins also safeguard the integrity of the genome through epigenetic programs required for regulating gene repression, DNA repair, and chromosome segregation, among others. Although these functions are relatively well characterized in many somatic tissues, how they contribute to reproductive functions is not well understood. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the role of Sirtuins in female reproductive systems and discusses the underlying molecular pathways. In addition, we highlight the importance of Sirtuins as antiaging factors in the ovary and summarize current preclinical efforts to identify treatments to extend female reproductive longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta N. Vazquez
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Vaquero
- Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Karen Schindler
- Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey (HGINJ), Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, 145 Bevier Rd., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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Tsurumi A, Li WX. Aging mechanisms-A perspective mostly from Drosophila. ADVANCED GENETICS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2020; 1:e10026. [PMID: 36619249 PMCID: PMC9744567 DOI: 10.1002/ggn2.10026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of the natural aging process, which is distinct from aging-related disease mechanisms, is essential for developing interventions to extend lifespan or healthspan. Here, we discuss current trends in aging research and address conceptual and experimental challenges in the field. We examine various molecular markers implicated in aging with an emphasis on the role of heterochromatin and epigenetic changes. Studies in model organisms have been advantageous in elucidating conserved genetic and epigenetic mechanisms and assessing interventions that affect aging. We highlight the use of Drosophila, which allows controlled studies for evaluating genetic and environmental contributors to aging conveniently. Finally, we propose the use of novel methodologies and future strategies using Drosophila in aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Tsurumi
- Department of SurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston®BostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Willis X. Li
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California at San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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40
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Dikalova A, Mayorov V, Xiao L, Panov A, Amarnath V, Zagol-Ikapitte I, Vergeade A, Ao M, Yermalitsky V, Nazarewicz RR, Boutaud O, Lopez MG, Billings FT, Davies S, Roberts LJ, Harrison DG, Dikalov S. Mitochondrial Isolevuglandins Contribute to Vascular Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria-Targeted Scavenger of Isolevuglandins Reduces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Hypertension. Hypertension 2020; 76:1980-1991. [PMID: 33012204 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension remains a major health problem in Western Societies, and blood pressure is poorly controlled in a third of patients despite use of multiple drugs. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to hypertension, and mitochondria-targeted agents can potentially improve treatment of hypertension. We have proposed that mitochondrial oxidative stress produces reactive dicarbonyl lipid peroxidation products, isolevuglandins, and that scavenging of mitochondrial isolevuglandins improves vascular function and reduces hypertension. To test this hypothesis, we have studied the accumulation of mitochondrial isolevuglandins-protein adducts in patients with essential hypertension and Ang II (angiotensin II) model of hypertension using mass spectrometry and Western blot analysis. The therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial isolevuglandins was tested by the novel mitochondria-targeted isolevuglandin scavenger, mito2HOBA. Mitochondrial isolevuglandins in arterioles from hypertensive patients were 250% greater than in arterioles from normotensive subjects, and ex vivo mito2HOBA treatment of arterioles from hypertensive subjects increased deacetylation of a key mitochondrial antioxidant, SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2). In human aortic endothelial cells stimulated with Ang II plus TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α, mito2HOBA reduced mitochondrial superoxide and cardiolipin oxidation, a specific marker of mitochondrial oxidative stress. In Ang II-infused mice, mito2HOBA diminished mitochondrial isolevuglandins-protein adducts, raised Sirt3 (sirtuin 3) mitochondrial deacetylase activity, reduced vascular superoxide, increased endothelial nitric oxide, improved endothelium-dependent relaxation, and attenuated hypertension. Mito2HOBA preserved mitochondrial respiration, protected ATP production, and reduced mitochondrial permeability pore opening in Ang II-infused mice. These data support the role of mitochondrial isolevuglandins in endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. We conclude that scavenging of mitochondrial isolevuglandins may have therapeutic potential in treatment of vascular dysfunction and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dikalova
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | | | - Liang Xiao
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Alexander Panov
- Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation (A.P.)
| | - Venkataraman Amarnath
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Irene Zagol-Ikapitte
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Aurelia Vergeade
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Mingfang Ao
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Valery Yermalitsky
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Rafal R Nazarewicz
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Olivier Boutaud
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Marcos G Lopez
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Frederic T Billings
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Sean Davies
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - L Jackson Roberts
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - David G Harrison
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Sergey Dikalov
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
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Zhang J, Ren D, Fedorova J, He Z, Li J. SIRT1/SIRT3 Modulates Redox Homeostasis during Ischemia/Reperfusion in the Aging Heart. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090858. [PMID: 32933202 PMCID: PMC7556005 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the central cause of global death in cardiovascular diseases, which is characterized by disorders such as angina, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, finally causing severe debilitating diseases and death. The increased rates of morbidity and mortality caused by I/R are parallel with aging. Aging-associated cardiac physiological structural and functional deterioration were found to contribute to abnormal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during I/R stress. Disturbed redox homeostasis could further trigger the related signaling pathways that lead to cardiac irreversible damages with mitochondria dysfunction and cell death. It is notable that sirtuin proteins are impaired in aged hearts and are critical to maintaining redox homeostasis via regulating substrate metabolism and inflammation and thus preserving cardiac function under stress. This review discussed the cellular and functional alterations upon I/R especially in aging hearts. We propose that mitochondria are the primary source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to I/R injury in aged hearts. Then, we highlight the cardiomyocyte protection of the age-related proteins Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and Sirtuin1 (SIRT3) in response to I/R injury, and we discuss their modulation of cardiac metabolism and the inflammatory reaction that is involved in ROS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
| | - Di Ren
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
| | - Julia Fedorova
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhibin He
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-974-4917
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Guo X, Yan F, Li J, Zhang C, Su H, Bu P. SIRT3 Ablation Deteriorates Obesity-Related Cardiac Remodeling by Modulating ROS-NF-κB-MCP-1 Signaling Pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 76:296-304. [PMID: 32898015 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and the associated complications are a major public health issue as obesity incidence increases yearly, worldwide. Effects of obesity on heart failure have been reported previously. Obesity-related cardiac remodeling includes structural and functional dysfunctions, in which cardiac inflammation and fibrosis play a key role. The main mitochondrial deacetylase, SIRT3 participates in numerous cellular processes; however, its role in obesity-related cardiac remodeling remains unclear. In our study, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding induced downregulation of SIRT3 protein level in mice. SIRT3-KO mice fed on HFD exhibited higher cardiac dysfunction and cardiac remodeling compared with the wild-type controls. Further study revealed increases in collagen accumulation and inflammatory cytokine expression including MCP-1, IL-6, TGF-β, TNF-α in mice fed on HFD compared with chow diet, with higher levels observed in SIRT3-KO mice. Furthermore, significantly high levels of cardiac MCP-1 expression and macrophage infiltration, and ROS generation and activated NF-κB were observed in HFD-fed SIRT3-KO mice. We presumed that SIRT3 ablation-mediated MCP-1 upregulation is attributed to ROS-NF-κB activation. Thus, we concluded that SIRT3 prevents obesity-related cardiac remodeling by attenuating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis, through modulation of ROS-NF-κB-MCP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fangying Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Peili Bu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhou ZD, Tan EK. Oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent mitochondrial deacetylase sirtuin-3 as a potential therapeutic target of Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101107. [PMID: 32535274 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairment is associated with progressive dopamine (DA) neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent findings highlight that Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial protein, is an oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase and a key modulator in maintaining integrity and functions of mitochondria. SIRT3 plays vital roles in regulation of mitochondrial functions, including mitochondrial ATP generation and energy metabolism, anti-oxidant defense, and cell death and proliferation. SIRT3 can deacetylate the transcriptional factors and crosstalk with different signaling pathways to cooperatively modulate mitochondrial functions and regulate defensive mitochondrial quality control (QC) systems. Down-regulated NAD+ level and decreased SIRT3 activity are related to aging process and has been pathologically linked to PD pathogenesis. Further, SIRT3 can bind and deacetylate PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and PD protein 2 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (Parkin) to facilitate mitophagy. Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2)-G2019S mutation in PD is linked to SIRT3 impairment. Furthermore, SIRT3 is inversely associated with α-synuclein aggregation and DA neuron degeneration in PD. SIRT3 chemical activators and NAD+ precursors can up-regulate SIRT3 activity to protect against DA neuron degeneration in PD models. Taken together, SIRT3 is a promising PD therapeutic target and studies of SIRT3 functional modulators with neuroprotective capability will be of clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Dong Zhou
- National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Eng King Tan
- National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore; Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.
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44
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Örd T, Puurand T, Örd D, Annilo T, Möls M, Remm M, Örd T. A human-specific VNTR in the TRIB3 promoter causes gene expression variation between individuals. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008981. [PMID: 32745133 PMCID: PMC7425993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) is pseudokinase involved in intracellular regulatory processes and has been implicated in several diseases. In this article, we report that human TRIB3 promoter contains a 33-bp variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) and characterize the heterogeneity and function of this genetic element. Analysis of human populations around the world uncovered the existence of alleles ranging from 1 to 5 copies of the repeat, with 2-, 3- and 5-copy alleles being the most common but displaying considerable geographical differences in frequency. The repeated sequence overlaps a C/EBP-ATF transcriptional regulatory element and is highly conserved, but not repeated, in various mammalian species, including great apes. The repeat is however evident in Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes. Reporter plasmid experiments in human cell culture reveal that an increased copy number of the TRIB3 promoter 33-bp repeat results in increased transcriptional activity. In line with this, analysis of whole genome sequencing and RNA-Seq data from human cohorts demonstrates that the copy number of TRIB3 promoter 33-bp repeats is positively correlated with TRIB3 mRNA expression level in many tissues throughout the body. Moreover, the copy number of the TRIB3 33-bp repeat appears to be linked to known TRIB3 eQTL SNPs as well as TRIB3 SNPs reported in genetic association studies. Taken together, the results indicate that the promoter 33-bp VNTR constitutes a causal variant for TRIB3 expression variation between individuals and could underlie the results of SNP-based genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiit Örd
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tarmo Puurand
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Daima Örd
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tarmo Annilo
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Märt Möls
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maido Remm
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Örd
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Zhao L, Cao J, Hu K, He X, Yun D, Tong T, Han L. Sirtuins and their Biological Relevance in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Aging Dis 2020; 11:927-945. [PMID: 32765955 PMCID: PMC7390530 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins, initially described as histone deacetylases and gene silencers in yeast, are now known to have many more functions and to be much more abundant in living organisms. The increasing evidence of sirtuins in the field of ageing and age-related diseases indicates that they may provide novel targets for treating diseases associated with aging and perhaps extend human lifespan. Here, we summarize some of the recent discoveries in sirtuin biology that clearly implicate the functions of sirtuins in the regulation of aging and age-related diseases. Furthermore, human sirtuins are considered promising therapeutic targets for anti-aging and ageing-related diseases and have attracted interest in scientific communities to develop small molecule activators or drugs to ameliorate a wide range of ageing disorders. In this review, we also summarize the discovery and development status of sirtuin-targeted drug and further discuss the potential medical strategies of sirtuins in delaying aging and treating age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhao
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Cao
- 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Hu
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dou Yun
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Han
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
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Zhang DY, Gao T, Xu RJ, Sun L, Zhang CF, Bai L, Chen W, Liu KY, Zhou Y, Jiao X, Zhang GH, Guo RL, Li JX, Gao Y, Jiao WJ, Tian H. SIRT3 Transfection of Aged Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Cell Therapy-Mediated Myocardial Repair. Rejuvenation Res 2020; 23:453-464. [PMID: 32228121 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2019.2260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a deacetylase important for antioxidant protection, cell longevity, and aging. We hypothesized that SIRT3 improve oxidative resistance of aged cells and improve cell therapy in aged patients. In vitro, the proliferation and oxidative resistance of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) significantly declined with age. The expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), increased after transfection of SIRT3 in hMSCs from older donors (O-hMSCs). The protein level of Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) in nucleus increased after SIRT3 overexpression. The antioxidant capacity of O-hMSCs increased after SIRT3 overexpression. 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT, CAT inhibitor) or diethyldithiocarbamate (DETC, SOD inhibitor) that was used to inhibit CAT or SOD activity significantly blocked the antioxidant function of SIRT3. When two inhibitors were used together, the antioxidant function of SIRT3 almost disappeared. Following myocardial infarction and intramyocardial injections of O-hMSCs in rats in vivo, the survival rate of O-hMSCs increased by SIRT3 transfection. The cardiac function of rats was improved after SIRT3-overexpressed O-hMSC transplantation. The infarct size, collagen content, and expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 decreased. Besides, the protein level of vascular endothelial growth factor A and vascular density increased after cell transplantation with SIRT3-modified O-hMSCs. These results indicate that damage resistance of hMSCs decline with age and SIRT3 might protect O-hMSCs against oxidative damage by activating CAT and MnSOD through transferring FOXO3a into nucleus. Meanwhile, the therapeutic effect of aged hMSC transplantation can be improved by SIRT3 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tong Gao
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rong-Jian Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Long Bai
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai-Yu Liu
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuan Jiao
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Gui-Huan Zhang
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui-Lin Guo
- The Second Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Li
- The Second Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Gao
- The Second Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Jie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai Tian
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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47
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Zhang GZ, Deng YJ, Xie QQ, Ren EH, Ma ZJ, He XG, Gao YC, Kang XW. Sirtuins and intervertebral disc degeneration: Roles in inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 508:33-42. [PMID: 32348785 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes of low back pain, which seriously reduces the quality of life of patients and places a heavy economic burden on their families. Cellular senescence is considered to be an important factor leading to IDD, and inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are closely related to intervertebral disc (IVD) senescence. Therefore, inhibition of the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, along with maintaining mitochondrial function, may be useful in treating IDD. The sirtuins are a family of evolutionarily conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylases, which are the major molecules mediating life extension or delay of aging-related diseases. The sirtuin protein family consist of seven members (SIRT1 - 7), which are mainly involved in various aging-related diseases by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. Among them, SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6 are closely related to IDD. In addition, some activators of sirtuin proteins, such as resveratrol, melatonin, magnolol, 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP), SRT1720, and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), have been evaluated in preclinical studies for their effects in preventing IDD. This review described the biological functions of sirtuins and the important roles of SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6 in IDD by regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial function. In addition, we introduce the status of some sirtuin activators in IDD preclinical studies. This review will provide a background for further clarification of the molecular mechanism underlying IDD and the development of potential therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Ya-Jun Deng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Qi-Qi Xie
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - En-Hui Ren
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhan-Jun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Gang He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yi-Cheng Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Wen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for The Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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Xu J, Kitada M, Koya D. The impact of mitochondrial quality control by Sirtuins on the treatment of type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165756. [PMID: 32147421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has significantly increased worldwide in recent decades, and improved treatments for T2DM and DKD are urgently needed. The pathogenesis of aging-related disorders, such as T2DM and DKD, involves multiple mechanisms, including inflammation, autophagy impairment, and oxidative stress, which are closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, mitochondrial quality control may be a novel therapeutic target for T2DM and DKD. Previous reports have shown that members of the mammalian Sirtuin family, SIRT 1-7, which are recognized as antiaging molecules, play a crucial role in the regulation of mitochondrial function and quality control through the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and autophagy. In this review, we summarized the research published in recent years to highlight the role of Sirtuins in mitochondrial quality control as a therapeutic target for T2DM and DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, NO. 28, Guiyi Street, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Munehiro Kitada
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan; Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan; Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
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49
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Pinterić M, Podgorski II, Hadžija MP, Tartaro Bujak I, Dekanić A, Bagarić R, Farkaš V, Sobočanec S, Balog T. Role of Sirt3 in Differential Sex-Related Responses to a High-Fat Diet in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020174. [PMID: 32093284 PMCID: PMC7071037 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis is differently regulated in males and females. Little is known about the mitochondrial Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) protein in the context of sex-related differences in the development of metabolic dysregulation. To test our hypothesis that the role of Sirt3 in response to a high-fat diet (HFD) is sex-related, we measured metabolic, antioxidative, and mitochondrial parameters in the liver of Sirt3 wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice of both sexes fed with a standard or HFD for ten weeks. We found that the combined effect of Sirt3 and an HFD was evident in more parameters in males (lipid content, glucose uptake, pparγ, cyp2e1, cyp4a14, Nrf2, MnSOD activity) than in females (protein damage and mitochondrial respiration), pointing towards a higher reliance of males on the effect of Sirt3 against HFD-induced metabolic dysregulation. The male-specific effects of an HFD also include reduced Sirt3 expression in WT and alleviated lipid accumulation and reduced glucose uptake in KO mice. In females, with a generally higher expression of genes involved in lipid homeostasis, either the HFD or Sirt3 depletion compromised mitochondrial respiration and increased protein oxidative damage. This work presents new insights into sex-related differences in the various physiological parameters with respect to nutritive excess and Sirt3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Pinterić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (I.I.P.); (M.P.H.); (A.D.); (T.B.)
| | - Iva I. Podgorski
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (I.I.P.); (M.P.H.); (A.D.); (T.B.)
| | - Marijana Popović Hadžija
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (I.I.P.); (M.P.H.); (A.D.); (T.B.)
| | - Ivana Tartaro Bujak
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute,10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Dekanić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (I.I.P.); (M.P.H.); (A.D.); (T.B.)
| | - Robert Bagarić
- Division of Experimental Physics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (R.B.); (V.F.)
| | - Vladimir Farkaš
- Division of Experimental Physics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (R.B.); (V.F.)
| | - Sandra Sobočanec
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (I.I.P.); (M.P.H.); (A.D.); (T.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-4561-172
| | - Tihomir Balog
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (I.I.P.); (M.P.H.); (A.D.); (T.B.)
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Zhao C, Li G, Li J. Non-coding RNAs and Cardiac Aging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1229:247-258. [PMID: 32285416 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1671-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Aging increasing the morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease patients. With the society is aging rapidly in the world, medical burden of aging-related cardiovascular diseases increasing drastically. Hence, it is urgent to explore the underlying mechanism and treatment of cardiac aging. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs and circular RNAs) have been reported to be involved in many pathological processes, including cell proliferation, cell death differentiation, hypertrophy and aging in wide variety of cells and tissues. In this chapter, we will summarize the physiology and molecular mechanisms of cardiac aging. Then, the recent research advances of ncRNAs in cardiac aging will be provided. The lessons learned from ncRNAs and cardiac aging studies would bring new insights into the regulatory mechanisms ncRNAs as well as treatment of aging-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
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