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Nagy A, Börzsei D, Hoffmann A, Török S, Veszelka M, Almási N, Varga C, Szabó R. A Comprehensive Overview on Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Insights into the Underlying Inflammatory and Oxidative Mechanisms. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024:10.1007/s10557-024-07574-0. [PMID: 38492161 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-024-07574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
While oncotherapy has made rapid progress in recent years, side effects of anti-cancer drugs and treatments have also come to the fore. These side effects include cardiotoxicity, which can cause irreversible cardiac damages with long-term morbidity and mortality. Despite the continuous in-depth research on anti-cancer drugs, an improved knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of cardiotoxicity are necessary for early detection and management of cardiac risk. Although most reviews focus on the cardiotoxic effect of a specific individual chemotherapeutic agent, the aim of our review is to provide comprehensive insight into various agents that induced cardiotoxicity and their underlying mechanisms. Characterization of these mechanisms are underpinned by research on animal models and clinical studies. In order to gain insight into these complex mechanisms, we emphasize the role of inflammatory processes and oxidative stress on chemotherapy-induced cardiac changes. A better understanding and identification of the interplay between chemotherapy and inflammatory/oxidative processes hold some promise to prevent or at least mitigate cardiotoxicity-associated morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Nagy
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Denise Börzsei
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Török
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Médea Veszelka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Almási
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
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Ge C, Cheng Y, Fan Y, He Y. Vincristine attenuates cardiac fibrosis through the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1409-1426. [PMID: 33977303 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vincristine (VCR) is widely used in cancer therapies, although its benefits on cardiac fibrosis remain unknown. Here, we investigated VCR's efficacy on cardiac fibrosis and elucidated the underlying mechanism of action. Network pharmacology was employed to predict the mechanism of VCR action on cardiac fibrosis. We induced cardiac fibrosis in adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats via isoproterenol (ISO) injection, followed by treatment with VCR or vehicle. After 10 days of treatment, VCR-treated rats exhibited a significantly lower heart/body weight ratio relative to those treated with the vehicle. Moreover, cardiac fibrosis was alleviated in VCR-treated rats relative to vehicle-treated rats. The results revealed the down-regulation of mature caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in VCR-treated rats relative to vehicle-treated rats. We also observed less colocalization between the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) in VCR-treated rats compared with vehicle-treated rats. We then cultured neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (NRCFs) and exposed them to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the presence or absence of VCR. The results indicated that VCR mediated the down-regulation of caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 and the colocalization of NLRP3 and ASC in LPS+ATP-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). We found evidence that VCR attenuates cardiac fibrosis by directly suppressing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. These findings provide novel insights into VCR's mechanism of action in alleviating cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenliang Ge
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yihao Fan
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
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Kamphuis JAM, Linschoten M, Cramer MJ, Gort EH, van Rhenen A, Asselbergs FW, Doevendans PA, Teske AJ. Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction of Nonanthracycline Chemotherapeutics: What Is the Evidence? JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY 2019; 1:280-290. [PMID: 34396190 PMCID: PMC8352330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is one of the most concerning cardiovascular side effects of cancer treatment. Important reviews within the field of cardio-oncology have described various agents to be associated with a high risk of CTRCD, including mitomycin C, ifosfamide, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and clofarabine. The aim of this study was to provide insight into the data on which these incidence rates are based. We observed that the reported cardiotoxicity of mitomycin C and ifosfamide is based on studies in which most patients received anthracyclines, complicating the interpretation of their association with CTRCD. The high incidence of vincristine-induced cardiotoxicity is based on an incorrect interpretation of a single study. Incidence rates of clofarabine remain uncertain due to a lack of cardiac screening in clinical trials. The administration of high-dose cyclophosphamide (>1.5 g/m2/day) is associated with a high incidence of CTRCD. Based on our findings, a critical re-evaluation of the cardiotoxicity of these agents is warranted. CTRCD is one of the most concerning cardiovascular side effects of anticancer treatment. Mitomycin C, ifosfamide, cyclophosphamide, clofarabine, and vincristine are frequently recognized as being highly cardiotoxic, causing CTRCD in ≥10% of patients. This primer provides insight into the data upon which the CTRCD incidence rates of these agents have been based. A critical re-evaluation of CTRCD rates is necessary because these numbers have been based on data in which most patients received prior or concurrent treatment with other cardiotoxic drugs, including anthracyclines. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, consistent and detailed reporting of cardiovascular toxicity, and international registries are of pivotal importance to establish the cardiotoxicity profile of these chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine A M Kamphuis
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke Linschoten
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten J Cramer
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eelke H Gort
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anna van Rhenen
- Department of Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pieter A Doevendans
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Arco J Teske
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Zhang X, Zhu Y, Dong S, Zhang A, Lu Y, Li Y, Lv S, Zhang J. Role of oxidative stress in cardiotoxicity of antineoplastic drugs. Life Sci 2019; 232:116526. [PMID: 31170418 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumors and heart disease are two of the leading causes of human death. With the development of anti-cancer therapy, the survival rate of cancer patients has been significantly improved. But at the same time, the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events caused by cancer treatment has also been considerably increased, such as arrhythmia, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and even heart failure (HF), etc., which seriously affects the quality of life of cancer patients. More importantly, the occurrence of adverse events may lead to the adjustment or the cessation of anti-cancer treatment, which affects the survival rate of patients. Understanding the mechanism of cardiotoxicity (CTX) induced by antineoplastic drugs is the basis of adequate protection of the heart without impairing the efficacy of antineoplastic therapy. Based on current research, a large amount of evidence has shown that oxidative stress (OS) plays an essential role in CTX induced by antineoplastic drugs and participates in its toxic reaction directly and indirectly. Here, we will review the mechanism of action of OS in cardiac toxicity of antineoplastic drugs, to provide new ideas for researchers, and provide further guidance for clinical prevention and treatment of cardiac toxicity of anti-tumor drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaping Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoyang Dong
- Department of Orthopedics of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Province of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Epidemiology, College of Global Public Health, New York University, 726 broad way, NY, New York, USA
| | - Yanmin Lu
- Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Nankai, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanyang Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Hexi, Tianjin, China
| | - Shichao Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai, Tianjin, China.
| | - Junping Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai, Tianjin, China.
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Li M, Li Z, Yang Y, Wang Z, Yang Z, Li B, Xie X, Song J, Zhang H, Li Y, Gao G, Yang J, Mei X, Gong W. Thermo-Sensitive Liposome co-Loaded of Vincristine and Doxorubicin Based on Their Similar Physicochemical Properties had Synergism on Tumor Treatment. Pharm Res 2016; 33:1881-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1924-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Panda S, Kar A, Ramamurthy V. Cardioprotective effect of vincristine on isoproterenol-induced myocardial necrosis in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 723:451-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gao D, Zhang L, Dhillon R, Hong TT, Shaw RM, Zhu J. Dynasore protects mitochondria and improves cardiac lusitropy in Langendorff perfused mouse heart. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60967. [PMID: 23596510 PMCID: PMC3626591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heart failure due to diastolic dysfunction exacts a major economic, morbidity and mortality burden in the United States. Therapeutic agents to improve diastolic dysfunction are limited. It was recently found that Dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) mediates mitochondrial fission during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, whereas inhibition of Drp1 decreases myocardial infarct size. We hypothesized that Dynasore, a small noncompetitive dynamin GTPase inhibitor, could have beneficial effects on cardiac physiology during I/R injury. Methods and Results In Langendorff perfused mouse hearts subjected to I/R (30 minutes of global ischemia followed by 1 hour of reperfusion), pretreatment with 1 µM Dynasore prevented I/R induced elevation of left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), indicating a significant and specific lusitropic effect. Dynasore also decreased cardiac troponin I efflux during reperfusion and reduced infarct size. In cultured adult mouse cardiomyocytes subjected to oxidative stress, Dynasore increased cardiomyocyte survival and viability identified by trypan blue exclusion assay and reduced cellular Adenosine triphosphate(ATP) depletion. Moreover, in cultured cells, Dynasore pretreatment protected mitochondrial fragmentation induced by oxidative stress. Conclusion Dynasore protects cardiac lusitropy and limits cell damage through a mechanism that maintains mitochondrial morphology and intracellular ATP in stressed cells. Mitochondrial protection through an agent such as Dynasore can have clinical benefit by positively influencing the energetics of diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danchen Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ranvir Dhillon
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ting-Ting Hong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Robin M. Shaw
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JZ); (RMS)
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (RMS)
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Chemotherapy-associated angiogenesis in neuroblastoma tumors. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1370-7. [PMID: 22285670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The influences of cytotoxic drugs on endothelial cells remain incompletely understood. Herein, we examined the effects of chemotherapeutic agents in experimental angiogenesis models and analyzed vessel densities in clinical neuroblastoma tumor samples. Cisplatin (20 to 500 ng/mL), doxorubicin (4 to 100 ng/mL), and vincristine (0.5 to 4 ng/mL), drugs commonly involved in neuroblastoma therapy protocols, induced pro-angiogenic effects in different angiogenesis models. They enhanced endothelial cell tube formation, endothelial cell sprouting from spheroids, formation of tip cells in the sprouting assay, expression of αvβ3 integrin, and vitronectin binding. All three drugs increased global cellular kinase phosphorylation levels, including the angiogenesis-relevant molecules protein kinase Cβ and Akt. Pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase Cβ or Akt upstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reduced chemotherapy-induced endothelial cell tube formation. Moreover, the investigated chemotherapeutics dose dependently induced vessel formation in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Tumor samples from seven high-risk patients with neuroblastoma were analyzed for vessel density by IHC. Results revealed that neuroblastoma samples taken after chemotherapy consistently showed an enhanced microvessel density compared with the corresponding samples taken before chemotherapy. In conclusion, our data show that chemotherapy can activate endothelial cells by inducing multiple pro-angiogenic signaling pathways and exert pro-angiogenic effects in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we report a previously unrecognized clinical phenomenon that might, in part, be explained by our experimental observations: chemotherapy-associated enhanced vessel formation in tumors from patients with neuroblastoma.
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Varma H, Yamamoto A, Sarantos MR, Hughes RE, Stockwell BR. Mutant huntingtin alters cell fate in response to microtubule depolymerization via the GEF-H1-RhoA-ERK pathway. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:37445-57. [PMID: 20858895 PMCID: PMC2988350 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.125542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular responses to drug treatment show tremendous variations. Elucidating mechanisms underlying these variations is critical for predicting therapeutic responses and developing personalized therapeutics. Using a small molecule screening approach, we discovered how a disease causing allele leads to opposing cell fates upon pharmacological perturbation. Diverse microtubule-depolymerizing agents protected mutant huntingtin-expressing cells from cell death, while being toxic to cells lacking mutant huntingtin or those expressing wild-type huntingtin. Additional neuronal cell lines and primary neurons from Huntington disease mice also showed altered survival upon microtubule depolymerization. Transcription profiling revealed that microtubule depolymerization induced the autocrine growth factor connective tissue growth factor and activated ERK survival signaling. The genotype-selective rescue was dependent upon increased RhoA protein levels in mutant huntingtin-expressing cells, because inhibition of RhoA, its downstream effector, Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), or a microtubule-associated RhoA activator, guanine nucleotide exchange factor-H1 (GEF-H1), all attenuated the rescue. Conversely, RhoA overexpression in cells lacking mutant huntingtin conferred resistance to microtubule-depolymerizer toxicity. This study elucidates a novel pathway linking microtubule stability to cell survival and provides insight into how genetic context can dramatically alter cellular responses to pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Varma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Vincristine attenuates N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced poly-(ADP) ribose polymerase activity in cardiomyocytes. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2010; 55:219-26. [PMID: 20375713 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181c87e6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The DNA-damaging agent N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) causes cardiomyocyte death as a result of energy loss from excessive activation of poly-(ADP) ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) resulting in depletion of its substrates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and ATP. Previously we showed that the chemotherapeutic agent vincristine (VCR) is cardioprotective. Here we tested the hypothesis that VCR inhibits MNNG-induced PARP activation. Adult mouse cardiomyocytes were incubated with 100 micromol/L MNNG with or without concurrent VCR (20 micromol/L) for 2 to 4 hours. Cardiomyocyte survival was measured using the trypan blue exclusion assay. Western blots were used to measure signaling responses. MNNG-induced cardiomyocyte damage was time- and concentration-dependent. MNNG activated PARP-1 and depleted NAD and ATP. VCR completely protected cardiomyocytes from MNNG-induced cell damage and maintained intracellular levels of NAD and ATP. VCR increased phosphorylation of the prosurvival signals Akt, GSK-3beta, Erk1/2, and p70S6 kinase. VCR delayed PARP activation as evidenced by Western blot and by immunofluorescence staining of poly (ADP)-ribose, but without directly inhibiting PARP-1 itself. Known PARP-1 inhibitors also protected cardiomyocytes from MNNG-induced death. Repletion of ATP, NAD, pyruvate, and glutamine had effects similar to PARP-1 inhibitors. We conclude that VCR protects cardiomyocytes from MNNG toxicity by regulating PARP-1 activation, intracellular energy metabolism, and prosurvival signaling.
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Wang W, Zhang H, Gao H, Kubo H, Berretta RM, Chen X, Houser SR. {beta}1-Adrenergic receptor activation induces mouse cardiac myocyte death through both L-type calcium channel-dependent and -independent pathways. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H322-31. [PMID: 20495143 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00392.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac diseases persistently increase the contractility demands of cardiac myocytes, which require activation of the sympathetic nervous system and subsequent increases in myocyte Ca(2+) transients. Persistent exposure to sympathetic and/or Ca(2+) stress is associated with myocyte death. This study examined the respective roles of persistent beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) agonist exposure and high Ca(2+) concentration in myocyte death. Ventricular myocytes (VMs) were isolated from transgenic (TG) mice with cardiac-specific and inducible expression of the beta(2a)-subunit of the L-type Ca(2+) channel (LTCC). VMs were cultured, and the rate of myocyte death was measured in the presence of isoproterenol (ISO), other modulators of Ca(2+) handling and the beta-adrenergic system, and inhibitors of caspases and reactive oxygen species generation. The rate of myocyte death was greater in TG vs. wild-type myocytes and accelerated by ISO in both groups, although ISO did not increase LTCC current (I(Ca-L)) in TG-VMs. Nifedipine, an LTCC antagonist, only partially prevented myocyte death. These results suggest both LTCC-dependent and -independent mechanisms in ISO induced myocyte death. ISO increased the contractility of wild type and TG-VMs by enhancing sarcoplasmic reticulum function and inhibiting sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase, Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, and CaMKII partially protected myocyte from death induced by both Ca(2+) and ISO. Caspase and reactive oxygen species inhibitors did not, but beta(2)-AR activation did, reduce myocyte death induced by enhanced I(Ca-L) and ISO stimulation. Our results suggest that catecholamines induce myocyte necrosis primarily through beta(1)-AR-mediated increases in I(Ca-L), but other mechanisms are also involved in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Abstract
Established doxorubicin cardiomyopathy is a lethal disease. When congestive heart failure develops, mortality is approximately 50%. Extensive research has been done to understand the mechanism and pathophysiology of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy, and considerable knowledge and experience has been gained. Unfortunately, no effective treatment for established doxorubicin cardiomyopathy is presently available. Extensive research has been done and is being done to discover preventive treatments. However an effective and clinically applicable preventive treatment is yet to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanu Chatterjee
- Department of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Cardiology Section (111C5), VA Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, Calif., USA
| | - Norman Honbo
- Cardiology Section (111C5), VA Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, Calif., USA
| | - Joel S. Karliner
- Cardiology Section (111C5), VA Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, Calif., USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, Calif., USA
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Chatterjee K, Zhang J, Tao R, Honbo N, Karliner JS. Vincristine attenuates doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 373:555-60. [PMID: 18590705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the vinca alkaloid vincristine could prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte death and to identify the mechanisms involved. Adult mouse cardiac myocytes were incubated for 24 h with doxorubicin, with and without concurrent vincristine. Trypan blue exclusion showed that 50-60% of myocytes treated with doxorubicin alone survived. Concurrent vincristine treatment increased survival to 85%. Treatment with doxorubicin+vincristine activated the prosurvival signal Akt and diminished cytochrome C release. The PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 and the MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059 augmented doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and attenuated salvage during concurrent vincristine treatment, indicating that the mechanism of vincristine cardioprotection involves activation of specific survival signals. Vincristine retarded the onset of apoptosis in association with a delay in poly(ADP) ribose polymerase activation. Vincristine also exhibited greater protection than the antioxidant MPG. These novel findings may have clinical implications for the prevention of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanu Chatterjee
- Cardiology Division, University of California, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94122, USA
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Saxena A, Fish JE, White MD, Yu S, Smyth JWP, Shaw RM, DiMaio JM, Srivastava D. Stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha is cardioprotective after myocardial infarction. Circulation 2008; 117:2224-31. [PMID: 18427137 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.107.694992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart disease is a leading cause of mortality throughout the world. Tissue damage from vascular occlusive events results in the replacement of contractile myocardium by nonfunctional scar tissue. The potential of new technologies to regenerate damaged myocardium is significant, although cell-based therapies must overcome several technical barriers. One possible cell-independent alternative is the direct administration of small proteins to damaged myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS Here we show that the secreted signaling protein stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha), which activates the cell-survival factor protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) via the G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4, protected tissue after an acute ischemic event in mice and activated Akt within endothelial cells and myocytes of the heart. Significantly better cardiac function than in control mice was evident as early as 24 hours after infarction as well as at 3, 14, and 28 days after infarction. Prolonged survival of hypoxic myocardium was followed by an increase in levels of vascular endothelial growth factor protein and neoangiogenesis. Consistent with improved cardiac function, mice exposed to SDF-1alpha demonstrated significantly decreased scar formation than control mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that SDF-1alpha may serve a tissue-protective and regenerative role for solid organs suffering a hypoxic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Saxena
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, 1650 Owens St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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