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Wang Y, Chen E, Wang Y, Sun X, Dong Q, Chen P, Zhang C, Yang J, Sun Y. Biosynthesis of mannose from glucose via constructing phosphorylation-dephosphorylation reactions in Escherichia coli. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 177:110427. [PMID: 38518553 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
d-mannose has been widely used in food, medicine, cosmetic, and food-additive industries. To date, chemical synthesis or enzymatic conversion approaches based on iso/epimerization reactions for d-mannose production suffered from low conversion rate due to the reaction equilibrium, necessitating intricate separation processes for obtaining pure products on an industrial scale. To circumvent this challenge, this study showcased a new approach for d-mannose synthesis from glucose through constructing a phosphorylation-dephosphorylation pathway in an engineered strain. Specifically, the gene encoding phosphofructokinase (PfkA) in glycolytic pathway was deleted in Escherichia coli to accumulate fructose-6-phosphate (F6P). Additionally, one endogenous phosphatase, YniC, with high specificity to mannose-6-phosphate, was identified. In ΔpfkA strain, a recombinant synthetic pathway based on mannose-6-phosphate isomerase and YniC was developed to direct F6P to mannose. The resulting strain successfully produced 25.2 g/L mannose from glucose with a high conversion rate of 63% after transformation for 48 h. This performance surpassed the 15% conversion rate observed with 2-epimerases. In conclusion, this study presents an efficient method for achieving high-yield mannose synthesis from cost-effective glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Wang
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Enhui Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xinming Sun
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qianzhen Dong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jiangang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Yuanxia Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Lv K, Cao X, Pedroso MM, Wu B, Li J, He B, Schenk G. Structure-guided engineering of branched-chain α-keto acid decarboxylase for improved 1,2,4-butanetriol production by in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128303. [PMID: 37992939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Efficient synthetic routes for biomanufacturing chemicals often require the overcoming of pathway bottlenecks by tailoring enzymes to improve the catalytic efficiency or even implement non-native activities. 1,2,4-butanetriol (BTO), a valuable commodity chemical, is currently biosynthesized from D-xylose via a four-enzyme reaction cascade, with the ThDP-dependent α-keto acid decarboxylase (KdcA) identified as the potential bottleneck. Here, to further enhance the catalytic activity of KdcA toward the non-native substrate α-keto-3-deoxy-xylonate (KDX), in silico screening and structure-guided evolution were performed. The best mutants, S286L/G402P and V461K, exhibited a 1.8- and 2.5-fold higher enzymatic activity in the conversion of KDX to 3,4-dihydroxybutanal when compared to KdcA, respectively. MD simulations revealed that the two sets of mutations reshaped the substrate binding pocket, thereby increasing the binding affinity for KDX and promoting interactions between KDX and cofactor ThDP. Then, when the V461K mutant instead of wild type KdcA was integrated into the enzyme cascade, a 1.9-fold increase in BTO titer was observed. After optimization of the reaction conditions, the enzyme cocktail contained V461K converted 60 g/L D-xylose to 22.1 g/L BTO with a yield of 52.1 %. This work illustrated that protein engineering is a powerful tool for modifying the output of metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemin Lv
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefei Cao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Marcelo Monteiro Pedroso
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bin Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiahuang Li
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Bingfang He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
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Yang J, Song W, Cai T, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang W, Chen P, Zeng Y, Li C, Sun Y, Ma Y. De novo artificial synthesis of hexoses from carbon dioxide. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:2370-2381. [PMID: 37604722 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Developing artificial "CO2-sugar" platforms is meaningful for addressing challenges posed by land scarcity and climate change to the supply of dietary sugar. However, upcycling CO2 into complex polyoxygenated carbohydrates involves several major challenges, including achieving enantioselective and thermodynamically driven transformation and expanding product repertoires while reducing energy consumption. We present a versatile chemoenzymatic roadmap based on aldol condensation, iso/epimerization, and dephosphorylation reactions for asymmetric CO2 and H2 assembly into sugars with perfect stereocontrol. In particular, we developed a minimum ATP consumption and the shortest pathway for bottom-up biosynthesis of the fundamental precursor, fructose-6-phosphate, which is valuable for synthesizing structure-diverse sugars and derivatives. Engineering bottleneck-associated enzyme catalysts aided in the thermodynamically driven synthesis of several energy-dense and functional hexoses, such as glucose and D-allulose, featuring higher titer (63 mmol L-1) and CO2-product conversion rates (25 mmol C L-1 h-1) compared to established in vitro CO2-fixing pathways. This chemical-biological platform demonstrated greater carbon conversion yield than the conventional "CO2-bioresource-sugar" process and could be easily extended to precisely synthesize other high-order sugars from CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Wan Song
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Tao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yuyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Wangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuanxia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Yanhe Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
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Nurwono G, O'Keeffe S, Liu N, Park JO. Sustainable metabolic engineering requires a perfect trifecta. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 83:102983. [PMID: 37573625 PMCID: PMC10960266 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The versatility of cellular metabolism in converting various substrates to products inspires sustainable alternatives to conventional chemical processes. Metabolism can be engineered to maximize the yield, rate, and titer of product generation. However, the numerous combinations of substrate, product, and organism make metabolic engineering projects difficult to navigate. A perfect trifecta of substrate, product, and organism is prerequisite for an environmentally and economically sustainable metabolic engineering endeavor. As a step toward this endeavor, we propose a reverse engineering strategy that starts with product selection, followed by substrate and organism pairing. While a large bioproduct space has been explored, the top-ten compounds have been synthesized mainly using glucose and model organisms. Unconventional feedstocks (e.g. hemicellulosic sugars and CO2) and non-model organisms are increasingly gaining traction for advanced bioproduct synthesis due to their specialized metabolic modes. Judicious selection of the substrate-organism-product combination will illuminate the untapped territory of sustainable metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samantha O'Keeffe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nian Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Junyoung O Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Qin Y, Li Q, Fan L, Ning X, Wei X, You C. Biomanufacturing by In Vitro Biotransformation (ivBT) Using Purified Cascade Multi-enzymes. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 186:1-27. [PMID: 37455283 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In vitro biotransformation (ivBT) refers to the use of an artificial biological reaction system that employs purified enzymes for the one-pot conversion of low-cost materials into biocommodities such as ethanol, organic acids, and amino acids. Unshackled from cell growth and metabolism, ivBT exhibits distinct advantages compared with metabolic engineering, including but not limited to high engineering flexibility, ease of operation, fast reaction rate, high product yields, and good scalability. These characteristics position ivBT as a promising next-generation biomanufacturing platform. Nevertheless, challenges persist in the enhancement of bulk enzyme preparation methods, the acquisition of enzymes with superior catalytic properties, and the development of sophisticated approaches for pathway design and system optimization. In alignment with the workflow of ivBT development, this chapter presents a systematic introduction to pathway design, enzyme mining and engineering, system construction, and system optimization. The chapter also proffers perspectives on ivBT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Qin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiangzi Li
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Fan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-Danish College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Ning
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinlei Wei
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China.
| | - Chun You
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China.
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Tian C, Yang J, Liu C, Chen P, Zhang T, Men Y, Ma H, Sun Y, Ma Y. Engineering substrate specificity of HAD phosphatases and multienzyme systems development for the thermodynamic-driven manufacturing sugars. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3582. [PMID: 35739124 PMCID: PMC9226320 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31371-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally, haloacid dehalogenase superfamily phosphatases have been evolved with broad substrate promiscuity; however, strong specificity to a particular substrate is required for developing thermodynamically driven routes for manufacturing sugars. How to alter the intrinsic substrate promiscuity of phosphatases and fit the “one enzyme-one substrate” model remains a challenge. Herein, we report the structure-guided engineering of a phosphatase, and successfully provide variants with tailor-made preference for three widespread phosphorylated sugars, namely, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, and mannose 6-phosphate, while simultaneously enhancement in catalytic efficiency. A 12000-fold switch from unfavorite substrate to dedicated one is generated. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the origin of improved activity and substrate specificity. Furthermore, we develop four coordinated multienzyme systems and accomplish the conversion of inexpensive sucrose and starch to fructose and mannose in excellent yield of 94–96%. This innovative sugar-biosynthesis strategy overcomes the reaction equilibrium of isomerization and provides the promise of high-yield manufacturing of other monosaccharides and polyols. Haloacid dehalogenase-like phosphatases are widespread across all domains of life and play a crucial role in the regulation of levels of sugar phosphate metabolites in cells. The authors report on the structure-guided engineering of phosphatases for dedicated substrate specificity for the conversion of sucrose and starch into fructose and mannose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jiangang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China. .,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Cui Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Peng Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yan Men
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Hongwu Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China. .,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Yuanxia Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China. .,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Yanhe Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
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Discovery and Biotechnological Exploitation of Glycoside-Phosphorylases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063043. [PMID: 35328479 PMCID: PMC8950772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Among carbohydrate active enzymes, glycoside phosphorylases (GPs) are valuable catalysts for white biotechnologies, due to their exquisite capacity to efficiently re-modulate oligo- and poly-saccharides, without the need for costly activated sugars as substrates. The reversibility of the phosphorolysis reaction, indeed, makes them attractive tools for glycodiversification. However, discovery of new GP functions is hindered by the difficulty in identifying them in sequence databases, and, rather, relies on extensive and tedious biochemical characterization studies. Nevertheless, recent advances in automated tools have led to major improvements in GP mining, activity predictions, and functional screening. Implementation of GPs into innovative in vitro and in cellulo bioproduction strategies has also made substantial advances. Herein, we propose to discuss the latest developments in the strategies employed to efficiently discover GPs and make the best use of their exceptional catalytic properties for glycoside bioproduction.
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Structural investigation of a thermostable 1,2-β-mannobiose phosphorylase from Thermoanaerobacter sp. X-514. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 579:54-61. [PMID: 34587555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
1,2-β-Mannobiose phosphorylases (1,2-β-MBPs) from glycoside hydrolase 130 (GH130) family are important bio-catalysts in glycochemistry applications owing to their ability in synthesizing oligomannans. Here, we report the crystal structure of a thermostable 1,2-β-MBP from Thermoanaerobacter sp. X-514 termed Teth514_1789 to reveal the molecular basis of its higher thermostability and mechanism of action. We also solved the enzyme complexes of mannose, mannose-1-phosphate (M1P) and 1,4-β-mannobiose to manifest the enzyme-substrate interaction networks of three main subsites. Notably, a Zn ion that should be derived from crystallization buffer was found in the active site and coordinates the phosphate moiety of M1P. Nonetheless, this Zn-coordination should reflect an inhibitory status as supplementing Zn severely impairs the enzyme activity. These results indicate that the effects of metal ions should be taken into consideration when applying Teth514_1789 and other related enzymes. Based on the structure, a reliable model of Teth514_1788 that shares 61.7% sequence identity to Teth514_1789 but displays a different substrate preference was built. Analyzing the structural features of these two closely related enzymes, we hypothesized that the length of a loop fragment that covers the entrance of the catalytic center might regulate the substrate selectivity. In conclusion, these information provide in-depth understanding of GH130 1,2-β-MBPs and should serve as an important guidance for enzyme engineering for further applications.
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Schwentner A, Neugebauer H, Weinmann S, Santos H, Eikmanns BJ. Exploring the Potential of Corynebacterium glutamicum to Produce the Compatible Solute Mannosylglycerate. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:748155. [PMID: 34621731 PMCID: PMC8490865 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.748155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The compatible solute mannosylglycerate (MG) has exceptional properties in terms of protein stabilization and protection under salt, heat, and freeze-drying stresses as well as against protein aggregation. Due to these characteristics, MG possesses large potential for clinical and biotechnological applications. To achieve efficient MG production, Corynebacterium glutamicum was equipped with a bifunctional MG synthase (encoded by mgsD and catalyzing the condensation of 3-phosphoglycerate and GDP-mannose to MG) from Dehalococcoides mccartyi. The resulting strain C. glutamicum (pEKEx3 mgsD) intracellularly accumulated about 111 mM MG (60 ± 9 mg gCDW -1) with 2% glucose as a carbon source. To enable efficient mannose metabolization, the native manA gene, encoding mannose 6-phosphate isomerase, was overexpressed. Combined overexpression of manA and mgsD from two plasmids in C. glutamicum resulted in intracellular MG accumulation of up to ca. 329 mM [corresponding to 177 mg g cell dry weight (CDW) -1] with glucose, 314 mM (168 mg gCDW -1) with glucose plus mannose, and 328 mM (176 mg gCDW -1) with mannose as carbon source(s), respectively. The product was successfully extracted from cells by using a cold water shock, resulting in up to 5.5 mM MG (1.48 g L-1) in supernatants. The two-plasmid system was improved by integrating the mgsD gene into the manA-bearing plasmid and the resulting strain showed comparable production but faster growth. Repeated cycles of growth/production and extraction of MG in a bacterial milking-like experiment showed that cells could be recycled, which led to a cumulative MG production of 19.9 mM (5.34 g L-1). The results show that the newly constructed C. glutamicum strain produces MG from glucose and mannose and that a cold water shock enables extraction of MG from the cytosol into the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schwentner
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Heiko Neugebauer
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Serin Weinmann
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Helena Santos
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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