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Castro-Vázquez D, Arribas-Castaño P, García-López I, Gutiérrez-Cañas I, Pérez-García S, Lamana A, Villanueva-Romero R, Cabrera-Martín A, Tecza K, Martínez C, Juarranz Y, Gomariz RP, Carrión M. Vasoactive intestinal peptide exerts an osteoinductive effect in human mesenchymal stem cells. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38733572 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Several neuropeptides present in bone tissues, produced by nerve fibers and bone cells, have been reported to play a role in regulating the fine-tuning of osteoblast and osteoclast functions to maintain bone homeostasis. This study aims to characterize the influence of the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the differentiation process of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts and on their anabolic function. We describe the mRNA and protein expression profile of VIP and its receptors in MSCs as they differentiate into osteoblasts, suggesting the presence of an autocrine signaling pathway in these cells. Our findings reveal that VIP enhances the expression of early osteoblast markers in MSCs under osteogenic differentiation and favors both bone matrix formation and proper cytoskeletal reorganization. Finally, our data suggest that VIP could be exerting a direct modulatory role on the osteoblast to osteoclast signaling by downregulating the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin ratio. These results highlight the potential of VIP as an osteoinductive differentiation factor, emerging as a key molecule in the maintenance of human bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Castro-Vázquez
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Arribas-Castaño
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván García-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Gutiérrez-Cañas
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Selene Pérez-García
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amalia Lamana
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Villanueva-Romero
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Cabrera-Martín
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karolina Tecza
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez
- Departmental Section of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yasmina Juarranz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa P Gomariz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Carrión
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Sanyal S, Rajput S, Sadhukhan S, Rajender S, Mithal A, Chattopadhyay N. Polymorphisms in the Runx2 and osteocalcin genes affect BMD in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2024; 84:63-75. [PMID: 38055125 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Runx2 and osteocalcin have pivotal roles in bone homeostasis. Polymorphism of these two genes could alter the function of osteoblasts and consequently bone mineral density (BMD). Attempts to understand the relationship between these polymorphisms and BMD in postmenopausal women across a variety of populations have yielded inconsistent results. This meta-analysis seeks to define the relationship between these polymorphisms with BMD in postmenopausal women. METHODS Eligible studies were identified from three electronic databases. Data were extracted from the eligible studies (4 studies on Runx2 and 6 studies on osteocalcin), and associations of Runx2 T > C and osteocalcin HindIII polymorphisms with BMD in postmenopausal women were assessed using standard difference in means (SDM) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as statistical measures. RESULTS A significant difference in the lumbar spine (LS) BMD in postmenopausal women was observed between the TT and CC homozygotes for the Runx2 T > C (SDM = -0.445, p-value = 0.034). The mutant genotypes (CC) showed significantly lower LS BMD in comparison to wild type genotypes under recessive model of genetic analysis (TC + TT vs. CC: SDM = -0.451, p-value = 0.032). For osteocalcin, HindIII polymorphism, the mutant genotypes (HH) was associated with significantly higher BMD for both LS and femoral neck (FN) than the wild type (hh) homozygotes (SDM = 0.152, p-value = 0.008 and SDM = 0.139, p-value = 0.016 for LS and FN, respectively). There was no association between total hip (TH) BMD and the osteocalcin HindIII polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS Runx2 T > C and osteocalcin HindIII polymorphisms influence the level of BMD in postmenopausal women and may be used as predictive markers of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somali Sanyal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226018, India.
| | - Swati Rajput
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sreyanko Sadhukhan
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Singh Rajender
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Ambrish Mithal
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Max Healthcare, Institutional Area, Press Enclave Road, Saket, New Delhi, India.
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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3
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Stojceski F, Buetti-Dinh A, Stoddart MJ, Danani A, Della Bella E, Grasso G. Influence of dexamethasone on the interaction between glucocorticoid receptor and SOX9: A molecular dynamics study. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 125:108587. [PMID: 37579519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a nuclear receptor that controls critical biological processes by regulating the transcription of specific genes. GR transcriptional activity is modulated by a series of ligands and coenzymes, where a ligand can act as an agonist or antagonist. GR agonists, such as the glucocorticoids dexamethasone (DEX) and prednisolone, are widely prescribed to patients with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. DEX is also used to induce osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Recently, it has been highlighted that DEX induces changes in the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells by downregulating the transcription factor SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) and upregulating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG). SOX9 is fundamental in the control of chondrogenesis, but also in osteogenesis by acting as a dominant-negative of RUNX2. Many processes remain to be clarified during cell fate determination, such as the interplay between the key transcription factors. The main objective pursued by this work is to shed light on the interaction between GR and SOX9 in the presence and absence of DEX at an atomic level of resolution using molecular dynamics simulations. The outcome of this research could help the understanding of possible molecular interactions between GR and SOX9 and their role in the determination of cell fate. The results highlight the key residues at the interface between GR and SOX9 involved in the complexation process and shed light on the mechanism through which DEX modulates GR-SOX9 binding and exerts its biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Stojceski
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence USI-SUPSI Polo universitario Lugano - Campus Est, Via la Santa 1, 6962, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Buetti-Dinh
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence USI-SUPSI Polo universitario Lugano - Campus Est, Via la Santa 1, 6962, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Martin J Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Danani
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence USI-SUPSI Polo universitario Lugano - Campus Est, Via la Santa 1, 6962, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Elena Della Bella
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
| | - Gianvito Grasso
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence USI-SUPSI Polo universitario Lugano - Campus Est, Via la Santa 1, 6962, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland.
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Carballo-Pedrares N, Ponti F, Lopez-Seijas J, Miranda-Balbuena D, Bono N, Candiani G, Rey-Rico A. Non-viral gene delivery to human mesenchymal stem cells: a practical guide towards cell engineering. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:49. [PMID: 37491322 PMCID: PMC10369726 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have gained momentum in the field of cell therapy for treating cartilage and bone injuries. Despite the tri-lineage multipotency, proliferative properties, and potent immunomodulatory effects of hMSCs, their clinical potential is hindered by donor variations, limiting their use in medical settings. To address this challenge, gene delivery technologies have emerged as a promising approach to modulate the phenotype and commitment of hMSCs towards specific cell lineages, thereby enhancing osteochondral repair strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current non-viral gene delivery approaches used to engineer MSCs, highlighting key factors such as the choice of nucleic acid or delivery vector, transfection strategies, and experimental parameters. Additionally, it outlines various protocols and methods for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of their therapeutic potential as a delivery system in osteochondral regenerative applications. In summary, this technical review offers a practical guide for optimizing non-viral systems in osteochondral regenerative approaches. hMSCs constitute a key target population for gene therapy techniques. Nevertheless, there is a long way to go for their translation into clinical treatments. In this review, we remind the most relevant transfection conditions to be optimized, such as the type of nucleic acid or delivery vector, the transfection strategy, and the experimental parameters to accurately evaluate a delivery system. This survey provides a practical guide to optimizing non-viral systems for osteochondral regenerative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Carballo-Pedrares
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Group (G-CEL). Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología - CICA, Universidade da Coruña, As Carballeiras, S/N. Campus de Elviña, 15071 A, Coruña, Spain
| | - Federica Ponti
- genT_LΛB, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico Di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair I in Biomaterials and Bioengineering for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Research Center of CHU de Quebec, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Junquera Lopez-Seijas
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Group (G-CEL). Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología - CICA, Universidade da Coruña, As Carballeiras, S/N. Campus de Elviña, 15071 A, Coruña, Spain
| | - Diego Miranda-Balbuena
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Group (G-CEL). Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología - CICA, Universidade da Coruña, As Carballeiras, S/N. Campus de Elviña, 15071 A, Coruña, Spain
| | - Nina Bono
- genT_LΛB, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico Di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- genT_LΛB, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico Di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Group (G-CEL). Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología - CICA, Universidade da Coruña, As Carballeiras, S/N. Campus de Elviña, 15071 A, Coruña, Spain.
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Xu HJ, Liu XZ, Yang L, Ning Y, Xu LL, Sun DM, Liao W, Yang Y, Li ZH. Runx2 overexpression promotes bone repair of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4769-4779. [PMID: 37029290 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) has been considered an inducer to improve bone repair ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-four rabbits were used to establish Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and randomly devided into four groups: Adenovirus Runx2 (Ad-Runx2) group, Runx2-siRNA group, MSCs group and Model group. At 1 week after model establishment, the Ad-Runx2 group was treated with 5 × 107 MSCs transfected through Ad-Runx2, the Runx2-siRNA group was treated with 5 × 107 MSCs transfected through Runx2-siRNA, the MSCs group was injected with 5 × 107 untreated MSCs, and the Model group was treated with saline. The injection was administered at 1 week and 3 weeks after model establishment. The expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), Runx2 and Osterix from the femoral head was detected at 3 and 6 weeks after MSCs being injected, and Masson Trichrome Staining, Gross Morphology, X-ray and CT images observation were used to evaluate the repair effect of ONFH. The data revealed that the expression of BMP-2, Runx2 and Osterix in the Runx2-siRNA group was reduced at 3 weeks compared with the MSCs group, and then the expression further reduced at 6 weeks, but was still higher than the Model group besides Osterix; The expression of these three genes in the Ad-Runx2 group was higher than in the MSCs group. Masson Trichrome Staining, Gross Morphology and X-ray and CT images observation revealed that necrotic femoral head of the MSCs group was more regular and smooth than the Runx2-siRNA group, which has a collapsed and irregular femoral head. In the Ad-Runx2 group, necrotic femoral head was basically completely repaired and covered by rich cartilage and bone tissue. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of Runx2 can improve osteoblastic phenotype maintenance of MSCs and promote necrotic bone repair of ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiang-Zhong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yu Ning
- Department of Orthopedics, XiangYang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | | | - Da-Ming Sun
- Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Wen Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zhang-Hua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Nguyen RY, Cabral AT, Rossello-Martinez A, Zulli A, Gong X, Zhang Q, Yan J, Mak M. Tunable Mesoscopic Collagen Island Architectures Modulate Stem Cell Behavior. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207882. [PMID: 36895051 PMCID: PMC10166061 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is the biophysical environment that scaffolds mammalian cells in the body. The main constituent is collagen. In physiological tissues, collagen network topology is diverse with complex mesoscopic features. While studies have explored the roles of collagen density and stiffness, the impact of complex architectures remains not well-understood. Developing in vitro systems that recapitulate these diverse collagen architectures is critical for understanding physiologically relevant cell behaviors. Here, methods are developed to induce the formation of heterogeneous mesoscopic architectures, referred to as collagen islands, in collagen hydrogels. These island-containing gels have highly tunable inclusions and mechanical properties. Although these gels are globally soft, there is regional enrichment in the collagen concentration at the cell-scale. Collagen-island architectures are utilized to study mesenchymal stem cell behavior, and it is demonstrated that cell migration and osteogenic differentiation are altered. Finally, induced pluripotent stem cells are cultured in island-containing gels, and it is shown that the architecture is sufficient to induce mesodermal differentiation. Overall, this work highlights complex mesoscopic tissue architectures as bioactive cues in regulating cell behavior and presents a novel collagen-based hydrogel that captures these features for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Y. Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Aidan T. Cabral
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Zulli
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiangyu Gong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Qiuting Zhang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael Mak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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7
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Yao Q, Wu X, Tao C, Gong W, Chen M, Qu M, Zhong Y, He T, Chen S, Xiao G. Osteoarthritis: pathogenic signaling pathways and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:56. [PMID: 36737426 PMCID: PMC9898571 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 266.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder that leads to disability and affects more than 500 million population worldwide. OA was believed to be caused by the wearing and tearing of articular cartilage, but it is now more commonly referred to as a chronic whole-joint disorder that is initiated with biochemical and cellular alterations in the synovial joint tissues, which leads to the histological and structural changes of the joint and ends up with the whole tissue dysfunction. Currently, there is no cure for OA, partly due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the pathological mechanism of the initiation and progression of the disease. Therefore, a better understanding of pathological signaling pathways and key molecules involved in OA pathogenesis is crucial for therapeutic target design and drug development. In this review, we first summarize the epidemiology of OA, including its prevalence, incidence and burdens, and OA risk factors. We then focus on the roles and regulation of the pathological signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, focal adhesion, HIFs, TGFβ/ΒΜP and FGF signaling pathways, and key regulators AMPK, mTOR, and RUNX2 in the onset and development of OA. In addition, the roles of factors associated with OA, including MMPs, ADAMTS/ADAMs, and PRG4, are discussed in detail. Finally, we provide updates on the current clinical therapies and clinical trials of biological treatments and drugs for OA. Research advances in basic knowledge of articular cartilage biology and OA pathogenesis will have a significant impact and translational value in developing OA therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaohao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chu Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Weiyuan Gong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mingjue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Minghao Qu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tailin He
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Sanz JL, López‐García S, Rodríguez‐Lozano FJ, Melo M, Lozano A, Llena C, Forner L. Cytocompatibility and bioactive potential of AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer: an
in vitro
study. Int Endod J 2022; 55:1066-1080. [PMID: 35950780 PMCID: PMC9541143 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aim To assess the cytocompatibility and bioactive potential of the new calcium silicate cement‐based sealer AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHPbcs) on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) compared with the epoxy resin‐based sealer AH Plus (AHP) and the calcium silicate cement‐based sealer Endosequence BC Sealer (ESbcs). Methodology Standardized sample discs and 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 eluates of the tested materials were prepared. The following assays were performed: surface element distribution via SEM–EDX, cell attachment and morphology via SEM, cell viability via a MTT assay, cell migration/proliferation via a wound‐healing assay, osteo/cemento/odontogenic marker expression via RT‐qPCR and cell mineralized nodule formation via Alizarin Red S staining. HPDLSCs were isolated from extracted third molars. Comparisons were made with hPDLSCs cultured in unconditioned (negative control) or osteogenic (positive control) culture media. Statistical significance was established at p < .05. Results A higher peak of Ca2+ was detected from ESbcs compared with AHPbcs and AHP in SEM–EDX. Both AHPbcs and ESbcs showed significantly positive results in the cytocompatibility assays (cell viability, migration/proliferation, attachment and morphology) compared with a negative control group, whilst AHP showed significant negative results. Both AHPbcs and ESbcs exhibited an upregulation of at least one osteo/odonto/cementogenic marker compared with the negative and positive control groups. Both ESbcs and AHPbcs showed a significantly higher calcified nodule formation than the negative and positive control groups, indicative of their biomineralization potential and were also significantly higher than AHP group. Conclusion AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer exhibited a significantly higher cytocompatibility and bioactive potential than AH Plus and a similar cytocompatibility to that of Endosequence BC Sealer. Endosequence BC Sealer exhibited a significantly higher mineralization potential than the other tested sealers. The results from this in vitro study act as supporting evidence for the use of AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer in root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sanz
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia Universitat de València Valencia Spain
| | - Sergio López‐García
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia Universitat de València Valencia Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez‐Lozano
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - María Melo
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia Universitat de València Valencia Spain
| | - Adrián Lozano
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia Universitat de València Valencia Spain
| | - Carmen Llena
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia Universitat de València Valencia Spain
| | - Leopoldo Forner
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia Universitat de València Valencia Spain
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Yang N, Zhang X, Li L, Xu T, Li M, Zhao Q, Yu J, Wang J, Liu Z. Ginsenoside Rc Promotes Bone Formation in Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis In Vivo and Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116187. [PMID: 35682866 PMCID: PMC9181096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rc is one of the active components used in traditional Chinese medicine. We aim to explore how ginsenoside Rc can be used in the treatment of osteoporosis. Micro-CT demonstrated that the treatment of ovariectomized (OVX) mice with ginsenoside Rc significantly inhibited the decrease in bone mineral density, bone volumetric fraction, and trabecular number, and the increase in trabecular separation. Histological staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blot demonstrated that ginsenoside Rc enhances the microstructure of trabecular bone, and promotes the expression of bone formation-related genes. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Alizarin Red staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting demonstrated that ginsenoside Rc dose-dependently promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. A ginsenoside Rc-induced increase in the expression of β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, collagen-1, ALP, and RUNX-2 family transcription factor-2 was significantly attenuated upon 10 μM XAV-939 treatment, while the decrease in the expression of GSK-3β and p-β-catenin was significantly enhanced. Ginsenoside Rc promotes bone formation in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in vivo and promotes osteogenic differentiation in vitro via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhihui Liu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-431-8879-6018
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Meng M, Xia Q, Li Y, Chen X, Wang Q, Chen J, Xu X, Wang H, Shu J, Lu J, Cheng L, Ye Z, Song B, Dong Q. Enamel matrix derivative expedites osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via Wnt/β-catenin pathway in high glucose microenvironment. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 40:448-459. [PMID: 35347430 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The influence of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was explored in high glucose (HG) microenvironment with interaction of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extraction of BMSCs from Sprague-Dawley rats, culture, and identification were manifested. The cells were treated with different concentration of EMD in HG to figure out the most available concentration for proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Then, observation of cell growth curve and cell cycle changes, and detection of Osterix, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), COL-I, early osteogenic indexes, Calcium salt deposition, and β-catenin protein in Wnt/β-catenin pathway were assured. After adding Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor (XAV-939) in the cells with osteogenesis induction, detection of binding of β-catenin to Osterix was clarified. RESULTS Via identification BMSCs cultured in vitro was qualified. Different concentrations of EMD could accelerate cell proliferation in HG and osteogenesis induction, and 75 μg/mL EMD had the best effect. The HG augmented BMSCs proliferation and the propidium iodide index of flow cytometry cycle was elevated in HG, which were strengthened via the EMD. After BMSCs' osteogenesis induction, Osterix, Runx2, CoL-1, early osteogenic indexes, and calcium salt deposition were reduced, but elevated via EMD. β-Catenin was the lowest in the HG, but elevated after EMD. After addition of XAV-939, reduction of β-catenin and the downstream (Osterix and Runx2) were manifested. Detection of binding protein bands was in β-catenin and Osterix of the HG after EMD treatment. CONCLUSION EMD may facilitate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HG.
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Affiliation(s)
- MaoHua Meng
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qian Xia
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - QinYing Wang
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - JingQiao Chen
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - XingXing Xu
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - JiaYu Shu
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang City, 550005, Guizhou Province, China
| | - ZhaoYang Ye
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, 83 Zhongshan East Road, Guiyang, Guiyang City, 550003, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Qiang Dong
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China.
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El-Rashidy AA, El Moshy S, Radwan IA, Rady D, Abbass MMS, Dörfer CE, Fawzy El-Sayed KM. Effect of Polymeric Matrix Stiffness on Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: Concise Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2950. [PMID: 34502988 PMCID: PMC8434088 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) have a multi-differentiation potential into specialized cell types, with remarkable regenerative and therapeutic results. Several factors could trigger the differentiation of MSCs into specific lineages, among them the biophysical and chemical characteristics of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including its stiffness, composition, topography, and mechanical properties. MSCs can sense and assess the stiffness of extracellular substrates through the process of mechanotransduction. Through this process, the extracellular matrix can govern and direct MSCs' lineage commitment through complex intracellular pathways. Hence, various biomimetic natural and synthetic polymeric matrices of tunable stiffness were developed and further investigated to mimic the MSCs' native tissues. Customizing scaffold materials to mimic cells' natural environment is of utmost importance during the process of tissue engineering. This review aims to highlight the regulatory role of matrix stiffness in directing the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, addressing how MSCs sense and respond to their ECM, in addition to listing different polymeric biomaterials and methods used to alter their stiffness to dictate MSCs' differentiation towards the osteogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiah A. El-Rashidy
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
| | - Sara El Moshy
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Israa Ahmed Radwan
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Dina Rady
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. S. Abbass
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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12
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Gao X, Xue Y, Yang K. LINC00899 promotes osteogenic differentiation by targeting miR-374a and RUNX2 expression. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1071. [PMID: 34447464 PMCID: PMC8355664 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating researches indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) osteogenic differentiation. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 899 (LINC00899) in osteoporosis. Therefore, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to evaluate the expression levels of LINC00899, microRNA (miR)-374a and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in clinical tissues and hBMSCs. The potential interaction between miR-374a and LINC00899 or RUNX2 was predicted utilizing the StarBase software and verified by luciferase reporter and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assays. In addition, alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin Red S staining were used to evaluate the osteogenic potential of hBMSCs. The results showed that the expression levels of LINC00899 were gradually increased, whilst those of miR-374a were decreased as the osteogenic induction process progresses. Additionally, the expression of LINC00899 was downregulated in the bone tissues of patients with osteoporosis, where LINC00899 knockdown reduced the expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and RUNX2 in hBMSCs. LINC00899 was also found to directly target miR-374a, thereby inhibiting its expression. Finally, it was predicted that RUNX2 could be directly targeted by miR-374a, such that miR-374a silencing partially abolished the inhibitory effect of LINC00899 knockdown on the expression of RUNX2, OPN and OCN. Overall, findings of the present study suggested that LINC00899 could facilitate the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and prevent osteoporosis by sponging miR-374a to enhance the expression of RUNX2, which provide a potentially useful therapeutic strategy for patients with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213161, P.R. China
| | - Yun Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213161, P.R. China
| | - Kechun Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213161, P.R. China
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13
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Qiu M, Zhai S, Fu Q, Liu D. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomal MicroRNA-150-3p Promotes Osteoblast Proliferation and Differentiation in Osteoporosis. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:717-729. [PMID: 33107350 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, much more studies have focused on the role of microRNAs in osteoporosis, but the more specific role of microRNA-150-3p (miR-150-3p) in osteoporosis still needs full exploration. We aim at investigating the role of miR-150-3p in osteoporosis and at exploring the related mechanisms. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured, from which exosomes were isolated. Osteoporosis models were established by ovariectomy and injected with transfected BMSCs exosomes. Bone formation markers in serum, histopathological changes and miR-150-3p, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and Osterix expression, and osteoblast apoptosis in femoral tissues were detected. Osteoblasts were isolated and co-cultured with the transfected BMSCs-derived exosomes. Osteoblast proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis, along with miR-150-3p, Runx2, and Osterix expression in osteoblasts were detected. In vivo experiment demonstrated that miR-150-3p, Runx2, and Osterix expression was decreased whereas bone formation markers were decreased in osteoporosis. BMSCs exosomes attenuated osteoporosis, which was further improved by upregulated miR-150-3p in exosomes whereas it was impaired by downregulated miR-150-3p in exosomes. In vitro experiments declared decreased miR-150-3p, Runx2, and Osterix expression; suppressed proliferation; and encouraged apoptosis in osteoblasts in osteoporosis. BMSCs exosomes promoted osteoblast proliferation and differentiation and inhibited apoptosis, which was strengthened by raised exosomal miR-150-3p whereas it was disrupted by inhibited exosomal miR-150-3p. Our study elucidates that exosomal miR-150-3p promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in osteoporosis and provides a new clue for the treatment of patients with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuheng Zhai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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14
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Dumitrescu M, Vacaru AM, Trusca VG, Fenyo IM, Ionita R, Gafencu AV. K2 Transfection System Boosts the Adenoviral Transduction of Murine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E598. [PMID: 33435318 PMCID: PMC7826527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviral vectors are important vehicles for delivering therapeutic genes into mammalian cells. However, the yield of the adenoviral transduction of murine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) is low. Here, we aimed to improve the adenoviral transduction efficiency of bone marrow-derived MSC. Our data showed that among all the potential transduction boosters that we tested, the K2 Transfection System (K2TS) greatly increased the transduction efficiency. After optimization of both K2TS components, the yield of the adenoviral transduction increased from 18% to 96% for non-obese diabetic (NOD)-derived MSC, from 30% to 86% for C57BL/6-derived MSC, and from 0.6% to 63% for BALB/c-derived MSC, when 250 transduction units/cell were used. We found that MSC derived from these mouse strains expressed different levels of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptors (MSC from C57BL/6≥NOD>>>BALB/c). K2TS did not increase the level of the receptor expression, but desensitized the cells to foreign DNA and facilitated the virus entry into the cell. The expression of Stem cells antigen-1 (Sca-1) and 5'-nucleotidase (CD73) MSC markers, the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential, and the immunosuppressive capacity were preserved after the adenoviral transduction of MSC in the presence of the K2TS. In conclusion, K2TS significantly enhanced the adenoviral transduction of MSC, without interfering with their main characteristics and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anca Violeta Gafencu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “N. Simionescu”, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania; (M.D.); (A.M.V.); (V.G.T.); (I.M.F.); (R.I.)
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15
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Energy expenditure during cell spreading influences the cellular response to matrix stiffness. Biomaterials 2020; 267:120494. [PMID: 33130323 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cells respond to the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) through formation of focal adhesions (FAs), re-organization of the actin cytoskeleton and adjustment of cell contractility. These are energy-demanding processes, but a potential causality between mechanical cues (matrix stiffness) and cellular (energy) metabolism remains largely unexplored. Here, we cultured human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on stiff (20 kPa) or soft (1 kPa) substrate and demonstrate that cytoskeletal reorganization and FA formation spreading on stiff substrates lead to a drop in intracellular ATP levels, correlating with activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The resulting increase in ATP levels further facilitates cell spreading and reinforces cell tension of the steady state, and coincides with nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ and Runx2. While on soft substrates (1 kPa), lowered ATP levels limit these cellular mechanoresponses. Furthermore, genetic ablation of AMPK lowered cellular ATP levels on stiff substrate and strongly reduced responses to substrate stiffness. Together, these findings reveal a hitherto unidentified relationship between energy expenditure and the cellular mechanoresponse, and point to AMPK as a key mediator of stem cell fate in response to ECM mechanics.
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16
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Han S, Kim J, Lee G, Kim D. Mechanical Properties of Materials for Stem Cell Differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e2000247. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seong‐Beom Han
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University 145, Anam‐ro, Seongbuk‐gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Ki Kim
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University 145, Anam‐ro, Seongbuk‐gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Geonhui Lee
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University 145, Anam‐ro, Seongbuk‐gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Hwee Kim
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University 145, Anam‐ro, Seongbuk‐gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
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Lee H, Kim SHL, Yoon H, Ryu J, Park HH, Hwang NS, Park TH. Intracellular Delivery of Recombinant RUNX2 Facilitated by Cell-Penetrating Protein for the Osteogenic Differentiation of hMSCs. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5202-5214. [PMID: 33455270 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are a commonly used cell source for cell therapy and tissue engineering because of their easy accessibility and multipotency. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is a master regulator of the osteogenic commitment of hMSCs. Either recombinant plasmid delivery or viral transduction has been utilized to activate RUNX2 gene expression for effective hMSC differentiation. In this study, recombinant RUNX2 fused with cell-penetrating 30Kc19α protein (30Kc19α-RUNX2) was delivered into hMSCs for osteogenic commitment. Fusion of recombinant RUNX2 with 30Kc19α resulted in successful delivery of the protein into cells and enhanced soluble expression of the protein. Intracellular delivery of the 30Kc19α-RUNX2 fusion protein enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs in vitro. 30Kc19α-RUNX2 treatment resulted in increased ALP accumulation and elevated calcium deposition. Finally, implantation of hMSCs treated with 30Kc19α-RUNX2 showed osteogenesis via cell delivery into the subcutaneous tissue and bone regeneration in a cranial defect mouse model. Therefore, we suggest that 30Kc19α-RUNX2, an osteoinductive recombinant protein, is an efficient tool for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haein Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungro Yoon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Ryu
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ho Park
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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18
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Tahmasebi A, Shapouri Moghadam A, Enderami SE, Islami M, Kaabi M, Saburi E, Daei Farshchi A, Soleimanifar F, Mansouri V. Aloe Vera-Derived Gel-Blended PHBV Nanofibrous Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering. ASAIO J 2020; 66:966-973. [PMID: 32740360 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, composite scaffolds fabricated by natural and synthetic polymers have attracted a lot of attention among researchers in the field of tissue engineering, and given their combined properties that can play a very useful role in repairing damaged tissues. In the current study, aloe vera-derived gel-blended poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanofibrous scaffold was fabricated by electrospinning, and then, PHBV and PHBV gel fabricated scaffolds characterized by scanning electron microscope, protein adsorption, cell attachment, tensile and cell's viability tests. After that, osteogenic supportive property of the scaffolds was studied by culturing of human-induced pluripotent stem cells on the scaffolds under osteogenic medium and evaluating of the common bone-related markers. The results showed that biocompatibility of the PHBV nanofibrous scaffold significantly improved when combined with the aloe vera gel. In addition, higher amounts of alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and bone-related gene and protein expression were detected in stem cells when grown on PHBV-gel scaffold in comparison with those stem cells grown on the PHBV and culture plate. Taken together, it can be concluded that aloe vera gel-blended PHBV scaffold has a great promising osteoinductive potential that can be used as a suitable bioimplant for bone tissue engineering applications to accelerate bone regeneration and also degraded completely along with tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Tahmasebi
- From the Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Shapouri Moghadam
- Department of Immunogenetics, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Islami
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohamad Kaabi
- From the Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Daei Farshchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanifar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Vahid Mansouri
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Prakash J, Prema D, Venkataprasanna K, Balagangadharan K, Selvamurugan N, Venkatasubbu GD. Nanocomposite chitosan film containing graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite/gold for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:62-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Yang N, Liu D, Zhang X, Li J, Wang M, Xu T, Liu Z. Effects of ginsenosides on bone remodelling for novel drug applications: a review. Chin Med 2020; 15:42. [PMID: 32391072 PMCID: PMC7201946 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginsenosides are pharmacologically active compounds that are often extracted from the Panax plant for their medicinal properties. Ginsenosides have multiple effects, including antitumor effects which have been widely studied. In recent years, studies have found that ginsenosides promote proliferation and osteogenesis of osteoblast-related cells, as well as inhibit the activity of osteoclasts. MAIN BODY We briefly introduces the molecules and BMP, WNT, and RANKL signalling pathways involved in bone formation and bone resorption. Next, recent studies on the mechanism of action of ginsenosides in bone remodelling are reviewed from three perspectives: the effects on proliferation of osteoblast-related cells, effects on osteogenesis and effects on osteoclasts. To expedite the development of drugs containing ginsenosides, we summarize the multiple beneficial roles of various types of ginsenosides in bone remodelling; including the promotion of bone formation, inhibition of bone resorption, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. CONCLUSION Many ginsenosides can promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption, such as Rb1, Rb2 and Re. Ginsenosides have the potential to be new drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis, promote fracture healing and are strong candidates for cytokines in the tissue-engineered bone. This review provides a theoretical basis for clinical drug applications and proposes several future directions for exploring the beneficial role of ginseng compounds in bone remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Dingkun Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Tongtong Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
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21
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mRNA as a Tool for Gene Transfection in 3D Cell Culture for Future Regenerative Therapy. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11040426. [PMID: 32325734 PMCID: PMC7231348 DOI: 10.3390/mi11040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A combination of three-dimensional (3D) cell culturing and non-viral gene transfection is promising in improving outcomes of cell transplantation therapy. Herein, gene transfection profiles in 3D cell culture were compared between plasmid DNA (pDNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) introduction, using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) 3D spheroids. Green fluorescence protein (GFP) mRNA induced GFP protein expression in 77% of the cells in the spheroids, whereas only 34% of the cells became GFP positive following pDNA introduction. In mechanistic analyses, most of the cells in MSC spheroids were non-dividing, and pDNA failed to induce GFP expression in most of the non-dividing cells. In contrast, both dividing and non-dividing cells became GFP-positive after mRNA introduction, which led to a high overall percentage of GFP-positive cells in the spheroids. Consequently, mRNA encoding an osteogenic factor, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), allowed in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in spheroids more efficiently compared to Runx2 pDNA. Conclusively, mRNA exhibits high potential in gene transfection in 3D cell culture, in which the cell division rate is lower than that in monolayer culture, and the combination of mRNA introduction and 3D cell culture is a promising approach to improve outcomes of cell transplantation in future regenerative therapy.
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22
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Jiang J, Liu A, Chen C, Tang J, Fan H, Sun J, Fan H. An efficient two-step preparation of photocrosslinked gelatin microspheres as cell carriers to support MC3T3-E1 cells osteogenic performance. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 188:110798. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Shi L, Feng L, Zhu ML, Yang ZM, Wu TY, Xu J, Liu Y, Lin WP, Lo JHT, Zhang JF, Li G. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Stimulates Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells Osteogenesis Differentiation by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway and Promotes Rat Skull Defect Repair. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:655-666. [PMID: 32070222 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defect regeneration is a complex process that involves the coordination of a variety of different type of cells. As bone tissues are innervated and rich in nerve fibers, the neuropeptides released from various never fibers could regulate bone development, metabolism, and remodeling. Among all the neuropeptides, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) could modulate the functions of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and may play a vital role in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteogenesis during bone repair. In this study, we investigated the role of VIP in bone formation and the mechanisms of VIP in mediating BMSC osteogenic differentiation, and its possibility in clinical application of bone defect reconstruction. Our in vitro study results indicated that VIP promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in BMSCs. VIP could also stimulate tube formation of EA.hy926 endothelial cell and increase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in BMSCs. Furthermore, in the rat skull defect model, VIP-conjugated functionalized hydrogel significantly enhanced cranial bone defect repair compared with the control group, with increased bone formation and angiogenesis. Taken together, as a member of neuropeptides, VIP could promote the BMSCs osteogenesis and angiogenesis differentiation in vitro and stimulate bone repair in vivo by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The knowledge obtained from this study emphasized the close association between innervation and bone repair process, and VIP may be a potential therapeutic agent for augmenting bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China.,Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Meng Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Yi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ping Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China
| | - Jessica Hiu Tung Lo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Fang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, P.R. China.,The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, P.R. China
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24
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Jurczak P, Witkowska J, Rodziewicz-Motowidło S, Lach S. Proteins, peptides and peptidomimetics as active agents in implant surface functionalization. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 276:102083. [PMID: 31887572 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The recent impact of implants on improving the human life quality has been enormous. During the past two decades we witnessed major advancements in both material and structural development of implants. They were driven mainly by the increasing patients' demand and the need to address the major issues that come along with the initially underestimated complexity of the bone-implant interface. While both, the materials and design of implants reached a certain, balanced state, recent years brought a shift in focus towards the bone-implant interface as the weakest link in the increasing implant long-term usability. As a result, several approaches were developed. They aimed at influencing and enhancing the implant osseointegration and its proper behavior when under load and stress. With this review, we would like to discuss the recent advancements in the field of implant surface modifications, emphasizing the importance of chemical methods, focusing on proteins, peptides and peptidomimetics as promising agents for titanium surface coatings.
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25
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Wei Q, Wang B, Hu H, Xie C, Ling L, Gao J, Cao Y. Icaritin promotes the osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the regulation of sclerostin expression. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:816-824. [PMID: 31985018 PMCID: PMC7015123 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Icaritin, a metabolite of icariin, is a potent promoter of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To examine the effects of icaritin on osteogenic differentiation, BMSCs were exposed to osteogenic induction medium with or without icaritin pretreatment in the present study. It was identified that icaritin (0.01-1 µM) exhibited no cytotoxicity on the proliferative abilities of the BMSCs. Icaritin at 1 µM increased alkaline phosphatase activity, mineral deposition and osteoblast-specific gene expression. Treatment with 1 µM Icaritin upregulated osteocalcin, RUNX family transcription factor 2, tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and β-catenin, and suppressed sclerostin (SOST) gene expression in different stages of osteogenic differentiation. It was also demonstrated that SOST over-expression inhibited icaritin-induced osteogenesis. The western blot analysis data suggested that ICI 182780, which causes estrogen receptor α (ERα) degradation, reversed the icaritin-induced decrease in SOST expression, which was inconsistent with the results of immunofluorescence analysis. In conclusion, icaritin was demonstrated to promote the osteogenesis of hBMSCs by downregulating SOST expression, and icaritin-induced suppression of SOST was regulated in part via the Wnt/β-catenin/ERα axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Wei
- Hip Preserving Ward, No. 3 Orthopedic Region, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Hailan Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Chuhai Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Long Ling
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Jianliang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Yanming Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
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26
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Billing AM, Dib SS, Bhagwat AM, da Silva IT, Drummond RD, Hayat S, Al-Mismar R, Ben-Hamidane H, Goswami N, Engholm-Keller K, Larsen MR, Suhre K, Rafii A, Graumann J. A Systems-level Characterization of the Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:1950-1966. [PMID: 31332097 PMCID: PMC6773553 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are self-renewing multipotent cells with regenerative, secretory and immunomodulatory capabilities that are beneficial for the treatment of various diseases. To avoid the issues that come with using tissue-derived MSCs in therapy, MSCs may be generated by the differentiation of human embryonic stems cells (hESCs) in culture. However, the changes that occur during the differentiation process have not been comprehensively characterized. Here, we combined transcriptome, proteome and phosphoproteome profiling to perform an in-depth, multi-omics study of the hESCs-to-MSCs differentiation process. Based on RNA-to-protein correlation, we determined a set of high confidence genes that are important to differentiation. Among the earliest and strongest induced proteins with extensive differential phosphorylation was AHNAK, which we hypothesized to be a defining factor in MSC biology. We observed two distinct expression waves of developmental HOX genes and an AGO2-to-AGO3 switch in gene silencing. Exploring the kinetic of noncoding ORFs during differentiation, we mapped new functions to well annotated long noncoding RNAs (CARMN, MALAT, NEAT1, LINC00152) as well as new candidates which we identified to be important to the differentiation process. Phosphoproteome analysis revealed ESC and MSC-specific phosphorylation motifs with PAK2 and RAF1 as top predicted upstream kinases in MSCs. Our data represent a rich systems-level resource on ESC-to-MSC differentiation that will be useful for the study of stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja M Billing
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Shaima S Dib
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aditya M Bhagwat
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Israel T da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, A. C., Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065
| | - Rodrigo D Drummond
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, A. C., Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Shahina Hayat
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rasha Al-Mismar
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hisham Ben-Hamidane
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Neha Goswami
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kasper Engholm-Keller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arash Rafii
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hôpital Foch, 92100 Suresnes, France
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Research Division, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Weill Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
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27
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Regeneration of large bone defects using mesoporous silica coated magnetic nanoparticles during distraction osteogenesis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 21:102040. [PMID: 31228602 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Distraction osteogenesis (DO) represents an effective but undesirably lengthy treatment for large bone defects. Both magnetic nanoparticles and silicon have been shown to induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the key participant in bone regeneration. We herein synthesized mesoporous silica coated magnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (M-MSNs) and evaluated its potential for acceleration of bone regeneration in a rat DO model. The M-MSNs exhibited good biocompatibility and remarkable capability in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs via the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway in vitro. More importantly, local injection of M-MSNs dramatically accelerated bone regeneration in a rat DO model according to the results of X-ray imaging, micro-CT, mechanical testing, histological examination, and immunochemical analysis. This study demonstrates the notable potential of M-MSNs in promoting bone regeneration during DO by enhancing the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, paving the way for clinical translation of M-MSNs in DO to repair large bone defects.
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28
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Balagangadharan K, Trivedi R, Vairamani M, Selvamurugan N. Sinapic acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in polycaprolactone electrospun fibers for bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 216:1-16. [PMID: 31047045 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a plant-derived phenolic compound known for its multiple biological properties, but its role in the promotion of bone formation is not yet well-studied. Moreover, the delivery of SA is hindered by its complex hydrophobic nature, limiting its bioavailability. In this study, we fabricated a drug delivery system using chitosan nanoparticles (nCS) loaded with SA at different concentrations. These were incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers via an electrospinning method. nCS loaded with 50 μM SA in PCL fibers promoted osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, SA treatment activated the osteogenesis signaling pathways in mouse mesenchymal stem cells. A critical-sized rat calvarial bone defect model system identified that the inclusion of SA into PCL/nCS fibers accelerated bone formation. Collectively, these data suggest that SA promoted osteoblast differentiation in vitro and bone formation in vivo, possibly by activating the TGF-β1/BMP/Smads/Runx2 signaling pathways, suggesting SA might have therapeutic benefits in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalimuthu Balagangadharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mariappanadar Vairamani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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29
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Volume expansion and TRPV4 activation regulate stem cell fate in three-dimensional microenvironments. Nat Commun 2019; 10:529. [PMID: 30705265 PMCID: PMC6355972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured in three dimensional matrices, matrix remodeling is associated with enhanced osteogenic differentiation. However, the mechanism linking matrix remodeling in 3D to osteogenesis of MSCs remains unclear. Here, we find that MSCs in viscoelastic hydrogels exhibit volume expansion during cell spreading, and greater volume expansion is associated with enhanced osteogenesis. Restriction of expansion by either hydrogels with slow stress relaxation or increased osmotic pressure diminishes osteogenesis, independent of cell morphology. Conversely, induced expansion by hypoosmotic pressure accelerates osteogenesis. Volume expansion is mediated by activation of TRPV4 ion channels, and reciprocal feedback between TRPV4 activation and volume expansion controls nuclear localization of RUNX2, but not YAP, to promote osteogenesis. This work demonstrates the role of cell volume in regulating cell fate in 3D culture, and identifies TRPV4 as a molecular sensor of matrix viscoelasticity that regulates osteogenic differentiation. For mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), matrix remodeling is associated with enhanced osteogenic differentiation. Here authors find that MSCs in viscoelastic hydrogels exhibit volume expansion during cell spreading, and greater volume expansion is associated with enhanced osteogenesis.
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30
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Development of a 3D Collagen Model for the In Vitro Evaluation of Magnetic-assisted Osteogenesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16270. [PMID: 30389949 PMCID: PMC6214996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic stimulation has been applied to bone regeneration, however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of repair still require a better understanding. A three-dimensional (3D) collagen model was developed using plastic compression, which produces dense, cellular, mechanically strong native collagen structures. Osteoblast cells (MG-63) and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were incorporated into collagen gels to produce a range of cell-laden models. A magnetic bio-reactor to support cell growth under static magnetic fields (SMFs) was designed and fabricated by 3D printing. The influences of SMFs on cell proliferation, differentiation, extracellular matrix production, mineralisation and gene expression were evaluated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) further determined the effects of SMFs on the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteonectin (ON), and bone morphogenic proteins 2 and 4 (BMP-2 and BMP-4). Results demonstrate that SMFs, IONPs and the collagen matrix can stimulate the proliferation, alkaline phosphatase production and mineralisation of MG-63 cells, by influencing matrix/cell interactions and encouraging the expression of Runx2, ON, BMP-2 and BMP-4. Therefore, the collagen model developed here not only offers a novel 3D bone model to better understand the effect of magnetic stimulation on osteogenesis, but also paves the way for further applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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31
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Luo G, Xu B, Wang W, Wu Y, Li M. Study of the osteogenesis effect of icariside II and icaritin on canine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Bone Miner Metab 2018; 36:668-678. [PMID: 29264750 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-017-0889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the osteogenesis effect of icariside II (ICSII) and icaritin (ICT) in vitro. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with ICSII and ICT in order to detect the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs, the expression of the osteogenesis-related proteins with or without osteogenic medium (OM) and genes, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), osterix, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and the phosphorylation levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We found that the optical density increased and alkaline phosphatase decreased after the BMSCs were treated with different concentrations of ICSII; however, ICT showed an opposing effect. The formation of calcium nodules was observed after the BMSCs were treated with ICSII and ICT. The expression level of osteogenesis-related proteins was enhanced following treatment with both ICSII or ICT, while the expression level of the osteogenesis-related genes Runx-2, OCN, OPN, osterix, and bFGF significantly increased with ICSII treatment (P < 0.05), and only Runx-2 and bFGF significantly increased (P < 0.01) with ICT. The expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins (except OPN) following treatment with ICSII + OM or ICT + OM was not notably increased. Both ICSII and ICT elevated the phosphorylation levels of MAPK/ERK, which was attenuated by GDC-0994 (an inhibitor of MAPK/ERK). Collectively, these data indicate that ICSII and ICT facilitate orientation osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which is most likely via the MAPK/ERK pathway. OM did not synergistically enhance the osteogenesis effect of ICSII and ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Luo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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32
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Yuan Q, He L, Qian ZJ, Zhou C, Hong P, Wang Z, Wang Y, Sun S, Li C. Significantly Accelerated Osteoblast Cell Growth on TiO 2/SrHA Composite Mediated by Phenolic Compounds (BHM) from Hippocamp us kuda Bleeler. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:30214-30226. [PMID: 30113815 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The microstructure of hydroxyapatite is known to influence cellular behavior, can be used as a substrate for osteoblast growth, and exploited as a drug-release platform. However, easy delamination and self-decomposition of hydroxyapatite caused by poor adhesion with substrates are the main problems currently. In this paper, we successfully fabricated titanium dioxide/strontium-doped hydroxyapatite (TiO2/SrHA) composite scaffolds by self-generated strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite microspheres in TiO2 nanotubes. Moreover, the active compound 1-(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone (BHM) from Seahorse ( Hippocampus kuda Bleeler) was loaded in this scaffold, and the controlled release kinetics of BHM was studied. It was found that in the first 5 h, the release concentration and time of BHM had a good linear relationship, and the correlation coefficient reached 0.98. TiO2/SrHA/BHM composites exhibited favorable cytocompatibility at a given concentration of BHM (20 μmol/L). Compared to pure SrHA, TiO2 nanotubes, and traditional TiO2/SrHA composites, superior cytocompatibility (cell adhesion and proliferation) of MC3T3-E1 was obtained on TiO2/SrHA/BHM composites. The expression levels of osteogenic marker genes such as alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, osteocalcin, runt-related transcription factor 2, and collagen I are also upregulated to varying degrees. This TiO2/SrHA composite scaffold-mediated phenolic compound BHM could be applied in bone tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University , Shenzhen 518108 , China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University , Shenzhen 518108 , China
- Guangdong Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center , Zhanjiang 524088 , China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University , Shenzhen 518108 , China
- Guangdong Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center , Zhanjiang 524088 , China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Center for Biomedical Materials and Interfaces , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077 , China
| | | | - Chengyong Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University , Shenzhen 518108 , China
- Guangdong Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center , Zhanjiang 524088 , China
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33
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Arumugam B, Balagangadharan K, Selvamurugan N. Syringic acid, a phenolic acid, promotes osteoblast differentiation by stimulation of Runx2 expression and targeting of Smad7 by miR-21 in mouse mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:561-573. [PMID: 29350343 PMCID: PMC6039342 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-018-0449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Syringic acid (SA), a phenolic acid, has been used in Chinese and Indian medicine for treating diabetes but its role in osteogenesis has not yet been investigated. In the present study, at the molecular and cellular levels, we evaluated the effects of SA on osteoblast differentiation. At the cellular level, there was increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition by SA treatment in mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs). At the molecular level, SA treatment of these cells stimulated expression of Runx2, a bone transcription factor, and of osteoblast differentiation marker genes such as ALP, type I collagen, and osteocalcin. It is known that Smad7 is an antagonist of TGF-β/Smad signaling and is a negative regulator of Runx2. microRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in the regulation of osteogenesis genes at the post-transcriptional level and studies have reported that Smad7 is one of the target genes of miR-21. We found that there was down regulation of Smad7 and up regulation of miR-21 in SA-treated mMSCs. We further identified that the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of Smad7 was directly targeted by miR-21 in these cells. Thus, our results suggested that SA promotes osteoblast differentiation via increased expression of Runx2 by miR-21-mediated down regulation of Smad7. Hence, SA may have potential in orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - K Balagangadharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India.
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Shi L, Feng L, Liu Y, Duan JQ, Lin WP, Zhang JF, Li G. MicroRNA-218 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Accelerates Bone Fracture Healing. Calcif Tissue Int 2018. [PMID: 29523928 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-018-0410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As a regulator of osteogenesis, microRNA-218 (miR-218) is reported to promote osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the in vivo osteogenic effect of miR-218 remains elusive. In this study, miR-218 was confirmed to promote osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by stimulating the alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium nodule formation, and osteogenic marker gene expression. For in vivo study, the miR-218-overexpressing BMSCs were locally administrated into the fracture sites in a femur fracture mouse model. Based on the X-rays, micro-computed tomography, mechanical testing, histology, and immunohistochemistry examinations, miR-218 overexpression improved new bone formation and accelerated fracture healing. These findings suggest that miR-218 may be a promising therapeutic target for bone repair in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Qiang Duan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zibo Central Hospital, 54 West Gongqingtuan Road, Zibo, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ping Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Room 904, 9/F, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Yanagihara K, Uchida S, Ohba S, Kataoka K, Itaka K. Treatment of Bone Defects by Transplantation of Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2018; 9:358-366. [PMID: 30038939 PMCID: PMC6054700 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell transplantation is promising for regenerative medicine. A combination of a three-dimensional spheroid culture system with gene transfection was developed to enhance the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation. The spheroid cell culture system is based on micropatterned substrates composed of a regular array of 100-μm-diameter cell-adhesion areas coated with a temperature-responsive polymer, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid), which allows for spheroid detachment by simply cooling the plates. In this study, MSC spheroids were transfected with plasmid DNA encoding runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and tested for their ability to enhance bone regeneration. In vitro analyses revealed that osteogenic differentiation of the MSCs was enhanced by forming spheroids and was further promoted by Runx2 expression. The enhanced osteogenic differentiation was maintained under pathological conditions, such as hypoxia and inflammation. Transplanting Runx2-transfected MSC spheroids into bone defects on rat femurs induced significantly faster bone regeneration compared with nontransfected MSC spheroids or genetically modified MSCs from conventional monolayer culture. MSC migration into the bone defect area was enhanced by upregulation of cell-migration-related genes. In conclusion, genetically modified MSC spheroids are effective for enhancing bone regeneration, providing a promising option for cell transplantation therapy in the fields of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Yanagihara
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Keiji Itaka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
- Department of Biofunction Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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Mao L, Wang N, Wang M, Xia G, Yu Z, Wang J, Xue C. Sialoglycoprotein isolated from Carassius auratus
eggs promotes osteoblast differentiation via targeting the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent Wnt/β-catenin and BMP2/Smads pathways. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Ocean University of China; Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Ocean University of China; Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Meiling Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Ocean University of China; Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Guanghua Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Ocean University of China; Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Zhe Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Ocean University of China; Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Ocean University of China; Qingdao Shandong Province China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Ocean University of China; Qingdao Shandong Province China
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Bustos F, Sepúlveda H, Prieto CP, Carrasco M, Díaz L, Palma J, Lattus J, Montecino M, Palma V. Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 Induction During Differentiation of Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Osteoblasts Is Regulated by Jumonji AT-Rich Interactive Domain 1B Histone Demethylase. Stem Cells 2017; 35:2430-2441. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Bustos
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Development; Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa; Santiago Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation.; Santiago Chile
- Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences; University of Dundee; Dundee United Kingdom
| | - Hugo Sepúlveda
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation.; Santiago Chile
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello.; Santiago Chile
| | - Catalina P. Prieto
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Development; Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa; Santiago Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation.; Santiago Chile
| | - Margarita Carrasco
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation.; Santiago Chile
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello.; Santiago Chile
| | - Lorena Díaz
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Development; Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa; Santiago Chile
| | - José Palma
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Development; Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa; Santiago Chile
| | - José Lattus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Dr. Luis Tisné Brousse Hospital, Universidad de Chile, Campus Oriente.; Peñalolén Santiago Chile
| | - Martín Montecino
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation.; Santiago Chile
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello.; Santiago Chile
| | - Verónica Palma
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Development; Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa; Santiago Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation.; Santiago Chile
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38
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Xu J, Wu T, Sun Y, Wang B, Zhang J, Lee WYW, Chai Y, Li G. Staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 expedites bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:1215-1225. [PMID: 27431811 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Distraction osteogenesis (DO) technique could be used to manage large-size bone defect successfully, but DO process usually requires long duration of bone consolidation. Innovative approaches for augmenting bone consolidation are of great need. Staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 (SEC2) has been found to suppress osteoclastogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. In this study, we investigated the effect of SEC2 on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). Further, we locally administrated SEC2 (10 ng/ml) or PBS into the distraction gap in Sprague-Dawley male rat DO model every 3 days till termination at 3 and 6 weeks. The regenerates were subjected to X-rays, micro-computed tomography, mechanical testing, histology, and immunohischemistry examinations to assess new bone quality. SEC2 had no effect on cell viability. The calcium deposition was remarkably increased and osteogenic marker genes were significantly up-regulated in rBMSCs treated with SEC2. In rat DO model, SEC2 group had higher bone volume/total tissue volume in the regenerates. At 6 weeks, mechanical properties were significantly higher in SEC2-treated tibiae comparing to the control group. Histological analysis confirmed that the new bone had improved quality in SEC2 treated group, where the osteocalcin and osterix expression in the regenerates was up-regulated, indicating faster bone formation. The current study demonstrated that SEC2 local injection promotes osteogenesis and enhanced bone consolidation in DO. The findings support application of SEC2 as a potential novel strategy to expedite bone consolidation in patients undergoing DO treatment. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1215-1225, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Tianyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.,The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Yimin Chai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.,The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
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39
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Xu D, Gao Y, Hu N, Wu L, Chen Q. miR-365 Ameliorates Dexamethasone-Induced Suppression of Osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 Cells by Targeting HDAC4. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050977. [PMID: 28471397 PMCID: PMC5454890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid administration is the leading cause of secondary osteoporosis. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is associated with glucocorticoid-induced bone loss and that HDAC4 dependent bone loss can be ameliorated by miRNA-365. Our previous studies showed that miR-365 mediates mechanical stimulation of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation by targeting HDAC4. However, it is not clear whether miR-365 has an effect on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. We have shown that, in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts, dexamethasone (DEX) treatment decreased the expression of miR-365, which is accompanied by the decrease of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Transfection of miR-365 ameliorated DEX-induced inhibition of MC3T3-E1 cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity, and attenuated the suppressive effect of DEX on runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), and collagen 1a1 (Col1a1) osteogenic gene expression. In addition, miR-365 decreased the expression of HDAC4 mRNA and protein by direct targeting the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of HDAC4 mRNA in osteoblasts. MiR-365 increased Runx2 expression and such stimulatory effect could be reversed by HDAC4 over-expression in osteoblasts. Collectively, our findings indicate that miR-365 ameliorates DEX-induced suppression of cell viability and osteogenesis by regulating the expression of HDAC4 in osteoblasts, suggesting miR-365 might be a novel therapeutic agent for treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daohua Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Longhuo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
- Bone and Joint Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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40
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Regmi S, Cao J, Pathak S, Gupta B, Kumar Poudel B, Tung PT, Yook S, Park JB, Yong CS, Kim JO, Yoo JW, Jeong JH. A three-dimensional assemblage of gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells and NO-releasing microspheres for improved differentiation. Int J Pharm 2017; 520:163-172. [PMID: 28185957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is an attractive approach to bone tissue regeneration. Nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to facilitate osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. To enhance osteogenic differentiation of gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs), we designed a method for in situ delivery of exogenous NO to these cells. A NO donor, polyethylenimine/NONOate, was incorporated into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres to deliver NO to the cells for an extended period of time under in vitro culture conditions. A hybrid aggregate of GMSCs and NO-releasing microspheres was prepared by the hanging drop technique. Confocal microscopy revealed homogeneous arrangement of the stem cells and microspheres in heterospheroids. Western blot analysis and live-dead imaging showed no significant change in cell viability. Importantly, the in situ delivery of NO within the heterospheroids enhanced osteogenic differentiation indicated by a 1.2-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and an approximately 10% increase in alizarin red staining. In addition, a low dose of NO promoted proliferation of the GMSCs in this 3D system. Thus, delivery of the NO-releasing microsphers to induce differentiation of stem cells within this three dimensional system may be one of possible strategies to direct differentiation of a stem cell-based therapeutic agent toward a specific lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Regmi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiafu Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Shiva Pathak
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Biki Gupta
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Bijay Kumar Poudel
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Pham Thanh Tung
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Simmyung Yook
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Beom Park
- Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Sartori M, Pagani S, Ferrari A, Costa V, Carina V, Figallo E, Maltarello M, Martini L, Fini M, Giavaresi G. A new bi-layered scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo preclinical investigations. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 70:101-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Abstract
Safe, effective approaches for bone regeneration are needed to reverse bone loss caused by trauma, disease, and tumor resection. Unfortunately, the science of bone regeneration is still in its infancy, with all current or emerging therapies having serious limitations. Unlike current regenerative therapies that use single regenerative factors, the natural processes of bone formation and repair require the coordinated expression of many molecules, including growth factors, bone morphogenetic proteins, and specific transcription factors. As will be developed in this article, future advances in bone regeneration will likely incorporate therapies that mimic critical aspects of these natural biological processes, using the tools of gene therapy and tissue engineering. This review will summarize current knowledge related to normal bone development and fracture repair, and will describe how gene therapy, in combination with tissue engineering, may mimic critical aspects of these natural processes. Current gene therapy approaches for bone regeneration will then be summarized, including recent work where combinatorial gene therapy was used to express groups of molecules that synergistically interacted to stimulate bone regeneration. Last, proposed future directions for this field will be discussed, where regulated gene expression systems will be combined with cells seeded in precise three-dimensional configurations on synthetic scaffolds to control both temporal and spatial distribution of regenerative factors. It is the premise of this article that such approaches will eventually allow us to achieve the ultimate goal of bone tissue engineering: to reconstruct entire bones with associated joints, ligaments, or sutures. Abbreviations used: BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; AER, apical ectodermal ridge; ZPA, zone of polarizing activity; PZ, progress zone; SHH, sonic hedgehog; OSX, osterix transcription factor; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor; PMN, polymorphonuclear neutrophil; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; TGF-β, tumor-derived growth factor β; CAR, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor; MLV, murine leukemia virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; AAV, adeno-associated virus; CAT, computer-aided tomography; CMV, cytomegalovirus; GAM, gene-activated matrix; MSC, marrow stromal cell; MDSC, muscle-derived stem cell; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Franceschi
- University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
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43
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Zhao Z, Wang Z, Ge C, Krebsbach P, Franceschi R. Healing Cranial Defects with AdRunx2-transduced Marrow Stromal Cells. J Dent Res 2016; 86:1207-11. [DOI: 10.1177/154405910708601213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marrow stromal cells (MSCs) include stem cells capable of forming all mesenchymal tissues, including bone. However, before MSCs can be successfully used in regeneration procedures, methods must be developed to stimulate their differentiation selectively to osteoblasts. Runx2, a bone-specific transcription factor, is known to stimulate osteoblast differentiation. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Runx2 gene therapy can be used to heal a critical-sized defect in mouse calvaria. Runx2-engineered MSCs displayed enhanced osteogenic potential and osteoblast-specific gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Runx2-expressing cells also dramatically enhanced the healing of critical-sized calvarial defects and increased both bone volume fraction and bone mineral density. These studies provide a novel route for enhancing osteogenesis that may have future therapeutic applications for craniofacial bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zhao
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Z. Wang
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C. Ge
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - P. Krebsbach
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R.T. Franceschi
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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44
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Wedelolactone enhances osteoblastogenesis by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway but suppresses osteoclastogenesis by NF-κB/c-fos/NFATc1 pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32260. [PMID: 27558652 PMCID: PMC4997609 DOI: 10.1038/srep32260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is maintained by formation and destruction of bone, which are two processes tightly coupled and controlled. Targeting both stimulation on bone formation and suppression on bone resorption becomes a promising strategy for treating osteoporosis. In this study, we examined the effect of wedelolactone, a natural product from Ecliptae herba, on osteoblastogenesis as well as osteoclastogenesis. In mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), wedelolactone stimulated osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization. At the molecular level, wedelolactone directly inhibited GSK3β activity and enhanced the phosphorylation of GSK3β, thereafter stimulated the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and runx2. The expression of osteoblastogenesis-related marker gene including osteorix, osteocalcin and runx2 increased. At the same concentration range, wedelolactone inhibited RANKL-induced preosteoclastic RAW264.7 actin-ring formation and bone resorption pits. Further, wedelolactone blocked NF-kB/p65 phosphorylation and abrogated the NFATc1 nuclear translocation. As a result, osteoclastogenesis-related marker gene expression decreased, including c-src, c-fos, and cathepsin K. In ovariectomized mice, administration of wedelolactone prevented ovariectomy-induced bone loss by enhancing osteoblast activity and inhibiting osteoclast activity. Together, these data demonstrated that wedelolactone facilitated osteoblastogenesis through Wnt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway and suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through NF-κB/c-fos/NFATc1 pathway. These results suggested that wedelolacone could be a novel dual functional therapeutic agent for osteoporosis.
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Monitoring live human mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation and subsequent selection using fluorescent RNA-based probes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26014. [PMID: 27198236 PMCID: PMC4873741 DOI: 10.1038/srep26014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation requires time and multiple samples due to destructive endpoint assays. Osteogenesis of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) has been widely studied for bone tissue engineering. Recent studies show that the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs can be assessed by quantifying the ratio of two important transcription factors (Runx2/Sox9). We demonstrate a method to observe mRNA expression of two genes in individual live cells using fluorescent probes specific for Runx2 and Sox9 mRNA. The changes of mRNA expression in cells can be observed in a non-destructive manner. In addition, the osteogenic hBMSCs can be prospectively identified and obtained based on the relative intracellular fluorescence of Sox9 in relation to Runx2 using fluorescence activated cell sorting. Relatively homogeneous cell populations with high osteogenic potential can be isolated from the original heterogeneous osteogenically induced hBMSCs within the first week of induction. This offers a more detailed analysis of the effectiveness of new therapeutics both at the individual cell level and the response of the population as a whole. By identifying and isolating differentiating cells at early time points, prospective analysis of differentiation is also possible, which will lead to a greater understanding of MSC differentiation.
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Gu Y, Zhou J, Wang Q, Fan W, Yin G. Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs and healing of rat tibial fractures through regulation of GR-dependent BMP-2/SMAD signaling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25282. [PMID: 27141994 PMCID: PMC4855182 DOI: 10.1038/srep25282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fracture healing is closely related to the number and activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) near the fracture site. The present study was to investigate the effect of Rg1 on osteogenic differentiation of cultured BMSCs and related mechanisms and on the fracture healing in a fracture model. In vitro experiments showed that Rg1 promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Western blot analyses demonstrated that Rg1 promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent BMP-2/Smad signaling pathway. In vivo, X-ray examination showed that callus growth in rats treated with Rg1 was substantially faster than that in control rats after fracture. The results of H&E and Safranin-O/Fast Green staining revealed that, compared with controls, rats in the Rg1 treatment group had a significantly higher proportion of trabecular bone but a much lower proportion of fibers and cartilage components inside the callus. Micro-CT suggested that bone mineral density (BMD), percent bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) were significantly increased in the treatment group, whereas trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) was significantly reduced. Thus, Rg1 promotes osteogenic differentiation by activating the GR/BMP-2 signaling pathway, enhances bone calcification, and ultimately accelerates the fracture healing in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jinchun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Weimin Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Guoyong Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
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Gong Y, Lu J, Yu X, Yu Y. Expression of Sp7 in Satb2-induced osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells is regulated by microRNA-27a. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 417:7-16. [PMID: 27142530 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Satb2 is a special AT-rich binding transcription factor essential for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Specific microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to regulate the complex process of osteogenic differentiation. It remains unclear how miRNA expressions is changed in the Satb2-induced osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). From the miRNA expression profile data collected by us from Satb2-induced osteogenic differentiation of mouse BMSCs, we found that miR-27a was significantly down-regulated relative to non-treated cells 7 days post induction. By in silico analysis, we identified Sp7 as a miR-27a targeting gene and verified the findings by Western blot analysis, qRT-PCR, and luciferase reporter assays. We also analyzed the function of miR-27a in osteogenic differentiation by transfection of exogenous miR-27a into BMSCs. Overexpression of miR-27a remarkably inhibited the expression of Sp7 and attenuated Satb2-induced osteogenic differentiation. Our results suggest that expression of Sp7 during the early stage of Satb2-induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs is regulated by miR-27a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Gong
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Youcheng Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China.
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Baranowski A, Klein A, Ritz U, Ackermann A, Anthonissen J, Kaufmann KB, Brendel C, Götz H, Rommens PM, Hofmann A. Surface Functionalization of Orthopedic Titanium Implants with Bone Sialoprotein. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153978. [PMID: 27111551 PMCID: PMC4844107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthopedic implant failure due to aseptic loosening and mechanical instability remains a major problem in total joint replacement. Improving osseointegration at the bone-implant interface may reduce micromotion and loosening. Bone sialoprotein (BSP) has been shown to enhance bone formation when coated onto titanium femoral implants and in rat calvarial defect models. However, the most appropriate method of BSP coating, the necessary level of BSP coating, and the effect of BSP coating on cell behavior remain largely unknown. In this study, BSP was covalently coupled to titanium surfaces via an aminosilane linker (APTES), and its properties were compared to BSP applied to titanium via physisorption and untreated titanium. Cell functions were examined using primary human osteoblasts (hOBs) and L929 mouse fibroblasts. Gene expression of specific bone turnover markers at the RNA level was detected at different intervals. Cell adhesion to titanium surfaces treated with BSP via physisorption was not significantly different from that of untreated titanium at any time point, whereas BSP application via covalent coupling caused reduced cell adhesion during the first few hours in culture. Cell migration was increased on titanium disks that were treated with higher concentrations of BSP solution, independent of the coating method. During the early phases of hOB proliferation, a suppressive effect of BSP was observed independent of its concentration, particularly when BSP was applied to the titanium surface via physisorption. Although alkaline phosphatase activity was reduced in the BSP-coated titanium groups after 4 days in culture, increased calcium deposition was observed after 21 days. In particular, the gene expression level of RUNX2 was upregulated by BSP. The increase in calcium deposition and the stimulation of cell differentiation induced by BSP highlight its potential as a surface modifier that could enhance the osseointegration of orthopedic implants. Both physisorption and covalent coupling of BSP are similarly effective, feasible methods, although a higher BSP concentration is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Baranowski
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anja Klein
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ritz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Angelika Ackermann
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joris Anthonissen
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin B. Kaufmann
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christian Brendel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hermann Götz
- Platform for Biomaterial Research, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pol M. Rommens
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Hofmann
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Puvaneswary S, Raghavendran HB, Talebian S, Murali MR, A Mahmod S, Singh S, Kamarul T. Incorporation of Fucoidan in β-Tricalcium phosphate-Chitosan scaffold prompts the differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells into osteogenic lineage. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24202. [PMID: 27068453 PMCID: PMC4828646 DOI: 10.1038/srep24202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we reported the fabrication and characterization of a novel tricalcium phosphate-fucoidan-chitosan (TCP-Fu-Ch) biocomposite scaffold. However, the previous report did not show whether the biocomposite scaffold can exhibit osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells in osteogenic media and normal media supplemented with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB). On day 15, the release of osteocalcin, was significant in the TCP-Fu-Ch scaffold, when compared with that in the TCP-Ch scaffold, and the level of release was approximately 8 and 6 ng/ml in osteogenic and normal media supplemented with PDGF-BB, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy of the TCP-Fu-Ch scaffold demonstrated mineralization and apatite layer formation on day 14, while the addition of PDGF-BB also improved the osteogenic differentiation of the scaffold. An array of gene expression analysis demonstrated that TCP-Fu-Ch scaffold cultured in osteogenic and normal media supplemented with PDGF-BB showed significant improvement in the expression of collagen 1, Runt-related transcription factor 2, osteonectin, bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein, alkaline phosphatase, and PPA2, but a decline in the expression of integrin. Altogether, the present study demonstrated that fucoidan-incorporated TCP-Ch scaffold could be used in the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells and can be a potential candidate for the treatment of bone-related ailments through tissue engineering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramaniam Puvaneswary
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NOCERAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanumantharao Balaji Raghavendran
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NOCERAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sepehr Talebian
- Department of Mechanical engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Malliga Raman Murali
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NOCERAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suhaeb A Mahmod
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NOCERAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Simmrat Singh
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NOCERAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NOCERAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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50
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Kim YD, Pofali P, Park TE, Singh B, Cho K, Maharjan S, Dandekar P, Jain R, Choi YJ, Arote R, Cho CS. Gene therapy for bone tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:111-125. [PMID: 30603391 PMCID: PMC6170855 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-9063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy holds a great promise and has been extensively investigated to improve bone formation and regeneration therapies in bone tissue engineering. A variety of osteogenic genes can be delivered by combining different vectors (viral or non-viral), scaffolds and delivery methodologies. Ex vivo & in vivo gene enhanced tissue engineering approaches have led to successful osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. In this article, we review recent advances of gene therapy-based bone tissue engineering discussing strengths and weaknesses of various strategies as well as general overview of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Dong Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Prasad Pofali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bijay Singh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kihyun Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sushila Maharjan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Prajakta Dandekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Ratnesh Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Rohidas Arote
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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