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Van der Eecken H, Joniau S, Berghen C, Rans K, De Meerleer G. The Use of Soy Isoflavones in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Focus on the Cellular Effects. Nutrients 2023; 15:4856. [PMID: 38068715 PMCID: PMC10708402 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A possible link between diet and cancer has long been considered, with growing interest in phytochemicals. Soy isoflavones have been associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer in Asian populations. Of the soy isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, in particular, have been studied, but recently, equol as a derivative has gained interest because it is more biologically potent. Different mechanisms of action have already been studied for the different isoflavones in multiple conditions, such as breast, gastrointestinal, and urogenital cancers. Many of these mechanisms of action could also be demonstrated in the prostate, both in vitro and in vivo. This review focuses on the known mechanisms of action at the cellular level and compares them between genistein, daidzein, and equol. These include androgen- and estrogen-mediated pathways, regulation of the cell cycle and cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In addition, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and epigenetics are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven Joniau
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Charlien Berghen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.B.); (K.R.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Kato Rans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.B.); (K.R.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Gert De Meerleer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.B.); (K.R.); (G.D.M.)
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Mir RH, Mir PA, Uppal J, Chawla A, Patel M, Bardakci F, Adnan M, Mohi-ud-din R. Evolution of Natural Product Scaffolds as Potential Proteasome Inhibitors in Developing Cancer Therapeutics. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040509. [PMID: 37110167 PMCID: PMC10142660 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis between protein synthesis and degradation is a critical biological function involving a lot of precise and intricate regulatory systems. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is a large, multi-protease complex that degrades most intracellular proteins and accounts for about 80% of cellular protein degradation. The proteasome, a massive multi-catalytic proteinase complex that plays a substantial role in protein processing, has been shown to have a wide range of catalytic activity and is at the center of this eukaryotic protein breakdown mechanism. As cancer cells overexpress proteins that induce cell proliferation, while blocking cell death pathways, UPP inhibition has been used as an anticancer therapy to change the balance between protein production and degradation towards cell death. Natural products have a long history of being used to prevent and treat various illnesses. Modern research has shown that the pharmacological actions of several natural products are involved in the engagement of UPP. Over the past few years, numerous natural compounds have been found that target the UPP pathway. These molecules could lead to the clinical development of novel and potent anticancer medications to combat the onslaught of adverse effects and resistance mechanisms caused by already approved proteasome inhibitors. In this review, we report the importance of UPP in anticancer therapy and the regulatory effects of diverse natural metabolites, their semi-synthetic analogs, and SAR studies on proteasome components, which may aid in discovering a new proteasome regulator for drug development and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Prince Ahad Mir
- Khalsa College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Jasreen Uppal
- Khalsa College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Apporva Chawla
- Khalsa College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, India
| | - Fevzi Bardakci
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roohi Mohi-ud-din
- Department of General Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar 190001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Kumar NB, Hogue S, Pow-Sang J, Poch M, Manley BJ, Li R, Dhillon J, Yu A, Byrd DA. Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention: The Role of the Gut Microbiome. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3988. [PMID: 36010981 PMCID: PMC9406482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports green tea catechins (GTCs) in chemoprevention for prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among men. GTCs include (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, which may modulate the molecular pathways implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. Prior studies of GTCs suggested that they are bioavailable, safe, and effective for modulating clinical and biological markers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. GTCs may be of particular benefit to those with low-grade PCas typically managed with careful monitoring via active surveillance (AS). Though AS is recommended, it has limitations including potential under-grading, variations in eligibility, and anxiety reported by men while on AS. Secondary chemoprevention of low-grade PCas using GTCs may help address these limitations. When administrated orally, the gut microbiome enzymatically transforms GTC structure, altering its bioavailability, bioactivity, and toxicity. In addition to xenobiotic metabolism, the gut microbiome has multiple other physiological effects potentially involved in PCa progression, including regulating inflammation, hormones, and other known/unknown pathways. Therefore, it is important to consider not only the independent roles of GTCs and the gut microbiome in the context of PCa chemoprevention, but how gut microbes may relate to individual responses to GTCs, which, in turn, can enhance clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B. Kumar
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Stephanie Hogue
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Michael Poch
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Brandon J. Manley
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Roger Li
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jasreman Dhillon
- Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alice Yu
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Doratha A. Byrd
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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4
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Lai JW, Maah MJ, Sarip R, Lim YAL, Tim KL, Ng CH. Potency of copper(II) complexes towards drug-sensitive and -resistant Plasmodium falciparum: structure-activity relationship, ROS-generation and proteasome inhibition. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Genistein, a Potential Phytochemical against Breast Cancer Treatment-Insight into the Molecular Mechanisms. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies in women. Although widespread successful synthetic drugs are available, natural compounds can also be considered as significant anticancer agents for treating BC. Some natural compounds have similar effects as synthetic drugs with fewer side effects on normal cells. Therefore, we aimed to unravel and analyze several molecular mechanisms of genistein (GNT) against BC. GNT is a type of dietary phytoestrogen included in the flavonoid group with a similar structure to estrogen that might provide a strong alternative and complementary medicine to existing chemotherapeutic drugs. Previous research reported that GNT could target the estrogen receptor (ER) human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) and several signaling molecules against multiple BC cell lines and sensitize cancer cell lines to this compound when used at an optimal inhibitory concentration. More specifically, GNT mediates the anticancer mechanism through apoptosis induction, arresting the cell cycle, inhibiting angiogenesis and metastasis, mammosphere formation, and targeting and suppressing tumor growth factors. Furthermore, it acts via upregulating tumor suppressor genes and downregulating oncogenes in vitro and animal model studies. In addition, this phytochemical synergistically reverses the resistance mechanism of standard chemotherapeutic drugs, increasing their efficacy against BC. Overall, in this review, we discuss several molecular interactions of GNT with numerous cellular targets in the BC model and show its anticancer activities alone and synergistically. We conclude that GNT can have favorable therapeutic advantages when standard drugs are not available in the pharma markets.
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de Rus Jacquet A, Ambaw A, Tambe MA, Ma SY, Timmers M, Grace MH, Wu QL, Simon JE, McCabe GP, Lila MA, Shi R, Rochet JC. Neuroprotective mechanisms of red clover and soy isoflavones in Parkinson's disease models. Food Funct 2021; 12:11987-12007. [PMID: 34751296 PMCID: PMC10822195 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00007a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by nigrostriatal degeneration and the spreading of aggregated forms of the presynaptic protein α-synuclein (aSyn) throughout the brain. PD patients are currently only treated with symptomatic therapies, and strategies to slow or stop the progressive neurodegeneration underlying the disease's motor and cognitive symptoms are greatly needed. The time between the first neurobiochemical alterations and the initial presentation of symptoms is thought to span several years, and early neuroprotective dietary interventions could delay the disease onset or slow PD progression. In this study, we characterized the neuroprotective effects of isoflavones, a class of dietary polyphenols found in soy products and in the medicinal plant red clover (Trifolium pratense). We found that isoflavone-rich extracts and individual isoflavones rescued the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the shortening of neurites in primary mesencephalic cultures exposed to two PD-related insults, the environmental toxin rotenone and an adenovirus encoding the A53T aSyn mutant. The extracts and individual isoflavones also activated the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response in astrocytes via a mechanism involving inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and they alleviated deficits in mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, an isoflavone-enriched soy extract reduced motor dysfunction exhibited by rats lesioned with the PD-related neurotoxin 6-OHDA. These findings suggest that plant-derived isoflavones could serve as dietary supplements to delay PD onset in at-risk individuals and mitigate neurodegeneration in the brains of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie de Rus Jacquet
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Abeje Ambaw
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mitali Arun Tambe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Sin Ying Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Michael Timmers
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Mary H Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Qing-Li Wu
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - James E Simon
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - George P McCabe
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Riyi Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jean-Christophe Rochet
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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Upadhyay A. Natural compounds in the regulation of proteostatic pathways: An invincible artillery against stress, ageing, and diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2995-3014. [PMID: 34729300 PMCID: PMC8546668 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells have different sets of molecules for performing an array of physiological functions. Nucleic acids have stored and carried the information throughout evolution, whereas proteins have been attributed to performing most of the cellular functions. To perform these functions, proteins need to have a unique conformation and a definite lifespan. These attributes are achieved by a highly coordinated protein quality control (PQC) system comprising chaperones to fold the proteins in a proper three-dimensional structure, ubiquitin-proteasome system for selective degradation of proteins, and autophagy for bulk clearance of cell debris. Many kinds of stresses and perturbations may lead to the weakening of these protective cellular machinery, leading to the unfolding and aggregation of cellular proteins and the occurrence of numerous pathological conditions. However, modulating the expression and functional efficiency of molecular chaperones, E3 ubiquitin ligases, and autophagic proteins may diminish cellular proteotoxic load and mitigate various pathological effects. Natural medicine and small molecule-based therapies have been well-documented for their effectiveness in modulating these pathways and reestablishing the lost proteostasis inside the cells to combat disease conditions. The present article summarizes various similar reports and highlights the importance of the molecules obtained from natural sources in disease therapeutics.
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Key Words
- 17-AAG, 17-allylamino-geldanamycin
- APC, anaphase-promoting complex
- Ageing
- Autophagy
- BAG, BCL2-associated athanogene
- CAP, chaperone-assisted proteasomal degradation
- CASA, chaperone-assisted selective autophagy
- CHIP, carboxy-terminus of HSC70 interacting protein
- CMA, chaperone-mediated autophagy
- Cancer
- Chaperones
- DUBs, deubiquitinases
- Drug discovery
- EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- ESCRT, endosomal sorting complexes required for transport
- HECT, homologous to the E6-AP carboxyl terminus
- HSC70, heat shock cognate 70
- HSF1, heat shock factor 1
- HSP, heat shock protein
- KFERQ, lysine-phenylalanine-glutamate-arginine-glutamine
- LAMP2a, lysosome-associated membrane protein 2a
- LC3, light chain 3
- NBR1, next to BRCA1 gene 1
- Natural molecules
- Neurodegeneration
- PQC, protein quality control
- Proteinopathies
- Proteostasis
- RING, really interesting new gene
- UPS, ubiquitin–proteasome system
- Ub, ubiquitin
- Ubiquitin proteasome system
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Upadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindari, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
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Ali SA, Singh G, Datusalia AK. Potential therapeutic applications of phytoconstituents as immunomodulators: Pre-clinical and clinical evidences. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3702-3731. [PMID: 33734511 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune and infectious diseases are the major public health issues and have gained great attention in the last few years for the search of new agents with therapeutic benefits on the host immune functions. In recent years, natural products (NPs) have been studied broadly for their multi-targeted activities under pathological conditions. Interestingly, several attempts have been made to outline the immunomodulatory properties of NPs. Research on in-vitro and in-vivo models have shown the immunomodulatory activity of NPs, is due to their antiinflammatory property, induction of phagocytosis and immune cells stimulation activity. Moreover, studies on humans have suggested that phytomedicines reduce inflammation and could provide appropriate benefits either in single form or complex combinations with other agents preventing disease progression, subsequently enhancing the efficacy of treatment to combat multiple malignancies. However, the exact mechanism of immunomodulation is far from clear, warranting more detailed investigations on their effectiveness. Nevertheless, the reduction of inflammatory cascades is considered as a prime protective mechanism in a number of inflammation regulated autoimmune diseases. Altogether, this review will discuss the biological activities of plant-derived secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, polysaccharides and so forth, against various diseases and their potential use as an immunomodulatory agent under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Afroz Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, India
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Martin M, Gutiérrez-Martos M, Cabrera R, Langohr K, Maldonado R, Farre M, de la Torre R. Daidzein modulates cocaine-reinforcing effects and cue-induced cocaine reinstatement in CD-1 male mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1923-1936. [PMID: 33839903 PMCID: PMC8233246 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cocaine addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder that lacks of an effective treatment. Isoflavones are a family of compounds present in different plants and vegetables like soybeans that share a common chemical structure. Previous studies have described that synthetic derivatives from the natural isoflavone daidzin can modulate cocaine addiction, by a mechanism suggested to involve aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities. OBJECTIVES Based on these previous studies, we investigated the effects of three natural isoflavones, daidzin, daidzein, and genistein, on the modulation of the cocaine reinforcing effects and on cue-induced reinstatement in an operant mouse model of cocaine self-administration. RESULTS Chronic treatment with daidzein or genistein decreased operant responding to obtain cocaine intravenous infusions. On the other hand, daidzein and daidzin, but not genistein, were effective in decreasing cue-induced cocaine reinstatement. Complementary studies revealed that daidzein effects on cocaine reinforcement were mediated through a mechanism that involved dopamine type-2/3 receptors (DA-D2/3) activities. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that these natural compounds alone or in combination can be a potential therapeutic approach for cocaine addiction. Further clinical studies are required in order to ascertain their potential therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Martin
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain ,Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Gutiérrez-Martos
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberto Cabrera
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Klaus Langohr
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain ,Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Universitat Politècnica de Cataluña (UPC)/BarcelonaTech, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Maldonado
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain ,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magi Farre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain ,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UDIMAS-UAB), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain ,Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), C/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Choupana s, /n 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Hubbell GE, Tepe JJ. Natural product scaffolds as inspiration for the design and synthesis of 20S human proteasome inhibitors. RSC Chem Biol 2020; 1:305-332. [PMID: 33791679 PMCID: PMC8009326 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00111b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 20S proteasome is a valuable target for the treatment of a number of diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and parasitic infection. In an effort to discover novel inhibitors of the 20S proteasome, many reseaarchers have looked to natural products as potential leads for drug discovery. The following review discusses the efforts made in the field to isolate and identify natural products as inhibitors of the proteasome. In addition, we describe some of the modifications made to natural products in order to discover more potent and selective inhibitors for potential disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E. Hubbell
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48823USA
| | - Jetze J. Tepe
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48823USA
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Pierzynowska K, Gaffke L, Jankowska E, Rintz E, Witkowska J, Wieczerzak E, Podlacha M, Węgrzyn G. Proteasome Composition and Activity Changes in Cultured Fibroblasts Derived From Mucopolysaccharidoses Patients and Their Modulation by Genistein. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:540726. [PMID: 33195185 PMCID: PMC7606483 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.540726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have asked whether proteasome composition and function are affected in cells derived from patients suffering from all types of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS), an inherited metabolic disease caused by accumulation of undegraded glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Moreover, we have tested if genistein, a small molecule proposed previously as a potential therapeutic agent in MPS, can modulate proteasomes, which might shed a new light on the molecular mechanisms of action of this isoflavone as a potential drug for macromolecule storage diseases. Significant changes in expression of various proteasome-linked genes have been detected during transcriptomic (RNA-seq) analyses in vast majority of MPS types. These results were corroborated by demonstration of increased proteasomal activities in MPS cells. However, GAGs were not able to stimulate the 26S proteasome in vitro, suggesting that the observed activation in cells is indirect rather than arising from direct GAG-proteasome interactions. Genistein significantly reduced proteasomal activities in fibroblasts derived from patients suffering from all MPS types, while its effects on in vitro 26S proteasome activity were negligible. Unexpectedly, levels of many proteasomal subunits were increased in genistein-treated MPS cells. On the other hand, this ostensible discrepancy between results of experiments designed for estimation of effects of genistein on proteasome activities and abundance of proteasomal subunits can be explained by demonstration that in the presence of this isoflavone, levels of ubiquitinated proteins were decreased. The genistein-mediated reduction of proteasomal activities might have beneficial effects in cells of MPS patients due to potential increasing of residual activities of defective lysosomal enzymes which would otherwise be subjected to efficient ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation as misfolded proteins. These results indicate another activity of genistein (apart from previously demonstrated reduction of GAG synthesis efficiency, stimulation of lysosomal biogenesis, and activation of the autophagy process) which can be beneficial in the use of this small molecule in treatment of MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdañsk, Gdañsk, Poland
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdañsk, Gdañsk, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jankowska
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdañsk, Gdañsk, Poland
| | - Estera Rintz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdañsk, Gdañsk, Poland
| | - Julia Witkowska
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdañsk, Gdañsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Wieczerzak
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdañsk, Gdañsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdañsk, Gdañsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdañsk, Gdañsk, Poland
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Momtaz S, Memariani Z, El-Senduny FF, Sanadgol N, Golab F, Katebi M, Abdolghaffari AH, Farzaei MH, Abdollahi M. Targeting Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway by Natural Products: Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:361. [PMID: 32411012 PMCID: PMC7199656 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Misfolded proteins are the main common feature of neurodegenerative diseases, thereby, normal proteostasis is an important mechanism to regulate the neural survival and the central nervous system functionality. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a non-lysosomal proteolytic pathway involved in numerous normal functions of the nervous system, modulation of neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, and recycling of membrane receptors or degradation of damaged and regulatory intracellular proteins. Aberrant accumulation of intracellular ubiquitin-positive inclusions has been implicated to a variety of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington disease (HD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Multiple Myeloma (MM). Genetic mutation in deubiquitinating enzyme could disrupt UPS and results in destructive effects on neuron survival. To date, various agents were characterized with proteasome-inhibitory potential. Proteins of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and in particular, E3 ubiquitin ligases, may be promising molecular targets for neurodegenerative drug discovery. Phytochemicals, specifically polyphenols (PPs), were reported to act as proteasome-inhibitors or may modulate the proteasome activity. PPs modify the UPS by means of accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, suppression of neuronal apoptosis, reduction of neurotoxicity, and improvement of synaptic plasticity and transmission. This is the first comprehensive review on the effect of PPs on UPS. Here, we review the recent findings describing various aspects of UPS dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders. This review attempts to summarize the latest reports on the neuroprotective properties involved in the proper functioning of natural polyphenolic compounds with implication for targeting ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the neurodegenerative diseases. We highlight the evidence suggesting that polyphenolic compounds have a dose and disorder dependent effects in improving neurological dysfunctions, and so their mechanism of action could stimulate the UPS, induce the protein degradation or inhibit UPS and reduce protein degradation. Future studies should focus on molecular mechanisms by which PPs can interfere this complex regulatory system at specific stages of the disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Memariani
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Nima Sanadgol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fereshteh Golab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Katebi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Kumar NB, Pow-Sang J, Spiess P, Dickinson S, Schell MJ. A phase II randomized clinical trial using aglycone isoflavones to treat patients with localized prostate cancer in the pre-surgical period prior to radical prostatectomy. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1218-1234. [PMID: 32292572 PMCID: PMC7147089 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in American men. Additionally, African American Men (AAM) are 60% more likely to be diagnosed with PCa and 2.4 times more likely to die from this disease compared to Caucasian men (CM). To date, there are few strategies effective for chemoprevention for men with localized PCa. There is thus a need to continue to evaluate agents and strategies for chemoprevention of prostate cancer. Epidemiological, laboratory and early phase clinical trials have shown that the isoflavones modulates several biomarkers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. The goal of this phase II randomized clinical trial was to explore the comparative effectiveness and safety of 40 mgs of aglycone isoflavones in AAM and CM with localized PCa in the pre-surgical period prior to radical prostatectomy. Thirty six participants (25 CM, 6AAM) were randomized to the isoflavone arm and 34 (25 CM, 7AAM) to the placebo arm, with 62 completing the intervention. Results indicated that isoflavones at a dose of 20 mgs BID for 3-6 weeks was well tolerated but did not reduce tissue markers of proliferation. A significant reduction in serum PSA was observed with isoflavone supplementation in CM compared to the placebo arm, but not observed in AAM. We observed no changes in serum steroid hormones with isoflavone supplementation. In AAM, a reduction in serum IGF-1 concentrations and IGF1: IGFBP-3 ratios were observed with isoflavone supplementation. Well-powered studies for longer duration of intervention may inform future trials with isoflavones, for chemoprevention of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Department of Urology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Philippe Spiess
- Department of Urology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Shohreh Dickinson
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michael J Schell
- Department of Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, FL, USA
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14
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Fontana F, Raimondi M, Marzagalli M, Di Domizio A, Limonta P. Natural Compounds in Prostate Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020460. [PMID: 32085497 PMCID: PMC7072821 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a major cause of cancer mortality among men in developed countries. Patients with recurrent disease initially respond to androgen-deprivation therapy, but the tumor eventually progresses into castration-resistant PCa; in this condition, tumor cells acquire the ability to escape cell death and develop resistance to current therapies. Thus, new therapeutic approaches for PCa management are urgently needed. In this setting, natural products have been extensively studied for their anti-PCa activities, such as tumor growth suppression, cell death induction, and inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis. Additionally, numerous studies have shown that phytochemicals can specifically target the androgen receptor (AR) signaling, as well as the PCa stem cells (PCSCs). Interestingly, many clinical trials have been conducted to test the efficacy of nutraceuticals in human subjects, and they have partially confirmed the promising results obtained in vitro and in preclinical models. This article summarizes the anti-cancer mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of different natural compounds in the context of PCa prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Michela Raimondi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Alessandro Di Domizio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
- SPILLOproject, 20037 Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.F.); (M.R.); (M.M.); (A.D.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250318213
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15
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Nam SM, Jeon YJ. Proteostasis In The Endoplasmic Reticulum: Road to Cure. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1793. [PMID: 31739582 PMCID: PMC6895847 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an interconnected organelle that is responsible for the biosynthesis, folding, maturation, stabilization, and trafficking of transmembrane and secretory proteins. Therefore, cells evolve protein quality-control equipment of the ER to ensure protein homeostasis, also termed proteostasis. However, disruption in the folding capacity of the ER caused by a large variety of pathophysiological insults leads to the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in this organelle, known as ER stress. Upon ER stress, unfolded protein response (UPR) of the ER is activated, integrates ER stress signals, and transduces the integrated signals to relive ER stress, thereby leading to the re-establishment of proteostasis. Intriguingly, severe and persistent ER stress and the subsequently sustained unfolded protein response (UPR) are closely associated with tumor development, angiogenesis, aggressiveness, immunosuppression, and therapeutic response of cancer. Additionally, the UPR interconnects various processes in and around the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, it has begun to be delineated that pharmacologically and genetically manipulating strategies directed to target the UPR of the ER might exhibit positive clinical outcome in cancer. In the present review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the UPR of the ER and the UPR of the ER-mitochondria interconnection. We also highlight new insights into how the UPR of the ER in response to pathophysiological perturbations is implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. We provide the concept to target the UPR of the ER, eventually discussing the potential of therapeutic interventions for targeting the UPR of the ER for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Min Nam
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Young Joo Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
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16
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Dhakal S, Kushairi N, Phan CW, Adhikari B, Sabaratnam V, Macreadie I. Dietary Polyphenols: A Multifactorial Strategy to Target Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5090. [PMID: 31615073 PMCID: PMC6834216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable fundamental process for people and is their greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. The ageing processes bring changes in cells that can drive the organisms to experience loss of nutrient sensing, disrupted cellular functions, increased oxidative stress, loss of cellular homeostasis, genomic instability, accumulation of misfolded protein, impaired cellular defenses and telomere shortening. Perturbation of these vital cellular processes in neuronal cells can lead to life threatening neurological disorders like Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, Lewy body dementia, etc. Alzheimer's Disease is the most frequent cause of deaths in the elderly population. Various therapeutic molecules have been designed to overcome the social, economic and health care burden caused by Alzheimer's Disease. Almost all the chemical compounds in clinical practice have been found to treat symptoms only limiting them to palliative care. The reason behind such imperfect drugs may result from the inefficiencies of the current drugs to target the cause of the disease. Here, we review the potential role of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds that could possibly be the most effective preventative strategy against Alzheimer's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Dhakal
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Naufal Kushairi
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chia Wei Phan
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Vikineswary Sabaratnam
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ian Macreadie
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
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17
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Abbaszadeh H, Keikhaei B, Mottaghi S. A review of molecular mechanisms involved in anticancer and antiangiogenic effects of natural polyphenolic compounds. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2002-2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Cancer Research CenterAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Bijan Keikhaei
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health InstituteAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Sayeh Mottaghi
- Department of PediatricsAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
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18
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19
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Golonko A, Pienkowski T, Swislocka R, Lazny R, Roszko M, Lewandowski W. Another look at phenolic compounds in cancer therapy the effect of polyphenols on ubiquitin-proteasome system. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 167:291-311. [PMID: 30776692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) have been the object of research interests for many years because of their potential as anti-cancer agents. Research in this field is aimed at improving the specificity and safety of known proteasome inhibitors. Unfortunately, in vitro conditions do not reflect the processes taking place in the human body. Recent reports indicate that the components of human plasma affect the course of many signaling pathways, proteasome activity and the effectiveness of synthetic cytostatic drugs. Therefore, it is believed that the key issue is to determine the effects of components of the human diet, including effects of chemically active polyphenols on the ubiquitin-proteasome system activity in both physiological and pathological (cancerous) states. The following article summarizes the current knowledge on the direct and indirect synergistic and antagonistic effects between polyphenolic compounds present in the human diet and the efficiency of protein degradation via the UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Golonko
- Department of Food Analysis, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pienkowski
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Renata Swislocka
- Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ryszard Lazny
- Institut of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marek Roszko
- Department of Food Analysis, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wlodzimierz Lewandowski
- Department of Food Analysis, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland.
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20
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Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols Against Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24010193. [PMID: 30621039 PMCID: PMC6337309 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men. Green tea consumption is reported to play an important role in the prevention of carcinogenesis in many types of malignancies, including prostate cancer; however, epidemiological studies show conflicting results regarding these anti-cancer effects. In recent years, in addition to prevention, many investigators have shown the efficacy and safety of green tea polyphenols and combination therapies with green tea extracts and anti-cancer agents in in vivo and in vitro studies. Furthermore, numerous studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer effects of green tea extracts. We believe that improved understanding of the detailed pathological roles at the molecular level is important to evaluate the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. Therefore, in this review, we present current knowledge regarding the anti-cancer effects of green tea extracts in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms of action, such as influencing tumor growth, apoptosis, androgen receptor signaling, cell cycle, and various malignant behaviors. Finally, the future direction for the use of green tea extracts as treatment strategies in patients with prostate cancer is introduced.
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21
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Kumar NB, Dickinson SI, Schell MJ, Manley BJ, Poch MA, Pow-Sang J. Green tea extract for prevention of prostate cancer progression in patients on active surveillance. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37798-37806. [PMID: 30701033 PMCID: PMC6340872 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Active surveillance (AS) has evolved as a management strategy for men with low grade prostate cancer (PCa). However, these patients report anxiety, doubts about the possible progression of the disease as well as higher decisional conflict regarding selection of active surveillance, and have been reported to ultimately opt for treatment without any major change in tumor characteristics. Currently, there is a paucity of research that systematically examines alternate strategies for this target population. Methods We conducted a review the evidence from epidemiological, in vitro, preclinical and early phase trials that have evaluated green tea catechins (GTC) for secondary chemoprevention of prostate cancer, focused on men opting for active surveillanceof low grade PCa. Results Results of our review of the in vitro, preclinical and phase I-II trials, demonstrates that green tea catechins (GTC) can modulate several relevant intermediate biological intermediate endpoint biomarkers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis as well as clinical progression of PCa, without major side effects. Discussion Although clinical trials using GTC have been evaluated in early phase trials in men diagnosed with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Atypical Small Acinar Proliferation and in men with localized disease before prostatectomy, the effect of GTC on biological and clinical biomarkers implicated in prostate cancer progression have not been evaluated in this patient population. Conclusion Results of these studies promise to provide a strategy for secondary chemoprevention, reduce morbidities due to overtreatment and improve quality of life in men diagnosed with low-grade PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Cancer Epidemiology, MRC/CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Shohreh I Dickinson
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Pathology Anatomic MMG, WCB-GU PROG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Michael J Schell
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Biostatics and Bioinformatics, MRC-BIOSTAT, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Brandon J Manley
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Michael A Poch
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
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22
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Nabavi SF, Atanasov AG, Khan H, Barreca D, Trombetta D, Testai L, Sureda A, Tejada S, Vacca RA, Pittalà V, Gulei D, Berindan-Neagoe I, Shirooie S, Nabavi SM. Targeting ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by natural, in particular polyphenols, anticancer agents: Lessons learned from clinical trials. Cancer Lett 2018; 434:101-113. [PMID: 30030139 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is the main non-lysosomal proteolytic system responsible for degradation of most intracellular proteins, specifically damaged and regulatory proteins. The UPP is implicated in all aspects of the cellular metabolic networks including physiological or pathological conditions. Alterations in the components of the UPP can lead to stabilization of oncoproteins or augmented degradation of tumour suppressor favouring cancer appearance and progression. Polyphenols are natural compounds that can modulate proteasome activity or the expression of proteasome subunits. All together and due to the pleiotropic functions of UPP, there is a great interest in this proteasome system as a promising therapeutic target for the development of novel anti-cancer drugs. In the present review, the main features of the UPP and its implication in cancer development and progression are described, highlighting the importance of bioactive polyphenols that target the UPP as potential anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- The Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Silvia Tejada
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biology, University of Balearic Islands, Ctra. Valldemossa, Km 7,5, Ed, Guillem Colom, 07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Rosa Anna Vacca
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Italian National Council of Research, Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Diana Gulei
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23 Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu 23 Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Republicii 34 Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Mishra R, Upadhyay A, Prajapati VK, Mishra A. Proteasome-mediated proteostasis: Novel medicinal and pharmacological strategies for diseases. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1916-1973. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Rajasthan; Rajasthan India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
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24
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Tsafa E, Al-Bahrani M, Bentayebi K, Przystal J, Suwan K, Hajitou A. The natural dietary genistein boosts bacteriophage-mediated cancer cell killing by improving phage-targeted tumor cell transduction. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52135-52149. [PMID: 27437775 PMCID: PMC5239540 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy has long been regarded as a promising treatment for cancer. However, cancer gene therapy is still facing the challenge of targeting gene delivery vectors specifically to tumors when administered via clinically acceptable non-invasive systemic routes (i.e. intravenous). The bacteria virus, bacteriophage (phage), represents a new generation of promising vectors in systemic gene delivery since their targeting can be achieved through phage capsid display ligands, which enable them to home to specific tumor receptors without the need to ablate any native eukaryotic tropism. We have previously reported a tumor specific bacteriophage vector named adeno-associated virus/phage, or AAVP, in which gene expression is under a recombinant human rAAV2 virus genome targeted to tumors via a ligand-directed phage capsid. However, cancer gene therapy with this tumor-targeted vector achieved variable outcomes ranging from tumor regression to no effect in both experimental and natural preclinical models. Herein, we hypothesized that combining the natural dietary genistein, with proven anticancer activity, would improve bacteriophage anticancer safe therapy. We show that combination treatment with genistein and AAVP increased targeted cancer cell killing by AAVP carrying the gene for Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) in 2D tissue cultures and 3D tumor spheroids. We found this increased tumor cell killing was associated with enhanced AAVP-mediated gene expression. Next, we established that genistein protects AAVP against proteasome degradation and enhances vector genome accumulation in the nucleus. Combination of genistein and phage-guided virotherapy is a safe and promising strategy that should be considered in anticancer therapy with AAVP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effrosyni Tsafa
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariam Al-Bahrani
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kaoutar Bentayebi
- Biotechnology Laboratory (Medbiotech), Medical and Pharmacy School, University Mohammed V de Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Justyna Przystal
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keittisak Suwan
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amin Hajitou
- Phage Therapy Group, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
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Soave CL, Guerin T, Liu J, Dou QP. Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system for cancer treatment: discovering novel inhibitors from nature and drug repurposing. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2017; 36:717-736. [PMID: 29047025 PMCID: PMC5722705 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past 15 years, the proteasome has been validated as an anti-cancer drug target and 20S proteasome inhibitors (such as bortezomib and carfilzomib) have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of multiple myeloma and some other liquid tumors. However, there are shortcomings of clinical proteasome inhibitors, including severe toxicity, drug resistance, and no effect in solid tumors. At the same time, extensive research has been conducted in the areas of natural compounds and old drug repositioning towards the goal of discovering effective, economical, low toxicity proteasome-inhibitory anti-cancer drugs. A variety of dietary polyphenols, medicinal molecules, metallic complexes, and metal-binding compounds have been found to be able to selectively inhibit tumor cellular proteasomes and induce apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo, supporting the clinical success of specific 20S proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and carfilzomib. Therefore, the discovery of natural proteasome inhibitors and researching old drugs with proteasome-inhibitory properties may provide an alternative strategy for improving the current status of cancer treatment and even prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Soave
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540.1 HWCRC, 4100 John R Road, Detroit, MI, 48201-2013, USA
| | - Tracey Guerin
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540.1 HWCRC, 4100 John R Road, Detroit, MI, 48201-2013, USA
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540.1 HWCRC, 4100 John R Road, Detroit, MI, 48201-2013, USA.
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Bilir B, Sharma NV, Lee J, Hammarstrom B, Svindland A, Kucuk O, Moreno CS. Effects of genistein supplementation on genome‑wide DNA methylation and gene expression in patients with localized prostate cancer. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:223-234. [PMID: 28560383 PMCID: PMC5467777 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that dietary compounds have significant effects on prostate carcinogenesis. Among dietary agents, genistein, the major isoflavone in soybean, is of particular interest because high consumption of soy products has been associated with a low incidence of prostate cancer, suggesting a preventive role of genistein in prostate cancer. In spite of numerous studies to understand the effects of genistein on prostate cancer, the mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated. We investigated the differences in methylation and gene expression levels of prostate specimens from a clinical trial of genistein supplementation prior to prostatectomy using Illumina HumanMethylation450 and Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChip Microarrays. The present study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial on Norwegian patients who received 30 mg genistein or placebo capsules daily for 3–6 weeks before prostatectomy. Gene expression changes were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Whole genome methylation and expression profiling identified differentially methylated sites and expressed genes between placebo and genistein groups. Differentially regulated genes were involved in developmental processes, stem cell markers, proliferation and transcriptional regulation. Enrichment analysis suggested overall reduction in MYC activity and increased PTEN activity in genistein-treated patients. These findings highlight the effects of genistein on global changes in gene expression in prostate cancer and its effects on molecular pathways involved in prostate tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birdal Bilir
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nitya V Sharma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeongseok Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bato Hammarstrom
- Department of Urology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aud Svindland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carlos S Moreno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Kumar NB, Pow-Sang JM, Spiess PE, Park JY, Chornokur G, Leone AR, Phelan CM. Chemoprevention in African American Men With Prostate Cancer. Cancer Control 2017; 23:415-423. [PMID: 27842331 DOI: 10.1177/107327481602300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations for cancer screening are uncertain for the early detection or prevention of prostate cancer in African American men. Thus, chemoprevention strategies are needed to specifically target African American men. METHODS The evidence was examined on the biological etiology of disparities in African Americans related to prostate cancer. Possible chemopreventive agents and biomarkers critical to prostate cancer in African American men were also studied. RESULTS High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia may be more prevalent in African American men, even after controlling for age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, abnormal results on digital rectal examination, and prostate volume. Prostate cancer in African American men can lead to the overexpression of signaling receptors that may mediate increased proliferation, angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis. Use of chemopreventive agents may be useful for select populations of men. CONCLUSIONS Green tea catechins are able to target multiple pathways to address the underlying biology of prostate carcinogenesis in African American men, so they may be ideal as a chemoprevention agent in these men diagnosed with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Low ML, Chan CW, Ng PY, Ooi IH, Maah MJ, Chye SM, Tan KW, Ng SW, Ng CH. Ternary and binary copper(II) complexes: synthesis, characterization, ROS-inductive, proteasome inhibitory, and anticancer properties. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1260711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- May Lee Low
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheang Wei Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Ying Ng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ing Hong Ooi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Jamil Maah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- Department of Human Biology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kong Wai Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seik Weng Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chew Hee Ng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Valdés A, García-Cañas V, Artemenko KA, Simó C, Bergquist J, Cifuentes A. Nano-liquid Chromatography-orbitrap MS-based Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Differences Between the Mechanisms of Action of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol in Colon Cancer Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 16:8-22. [PMID: 27834734 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.061481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CS) are two structurally related diterpenes present in rosemary herb (Rosmarinus officinalis). Although several studies have demonstrated that both diterpenes can scavenge free radicals and interfere in cellular processes such as cell proliferation, they may not necessarily exert the same effects at the molecular level. In this work, a shotgun proteomics study based on stable isotope dimethyl labeling (DML) and nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS) has been performed to identify the relative changes in proteins and to gain some light on the specific molecular targets and mechanisms of action of CA and CS in HT-29 colon cancer cells. Protein profiles revealed that CA and CS induce different Nrf2-mediated response. Furthermore, examination of our data revealed that each diterpene affects protein homeostasis by different mechanisms. CA treatment induces the expression of proteins involved in the unfolded protein response in a concentration dependent manner reflecting ER stress, whereas CS directly inhibits chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome. In conclusion, the unbiased proteomics-wide method applied in the present study has demonstrated to be a powerful tool to reveal differences on the mechanisms of action of two related bioactive compounds in the same biological model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Valdés
- From the ‡Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia García-Cañas
- From the ‡Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Konstantin A Artemenko
- §Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-BMC and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carolina Simó
- From the ‡Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- §Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-BMC and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- From the ‡Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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30
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Kumar NB, Pow-Sang J, Spiess PE, Park J, Salup R, Williams CR, Parnes H, Schell MJ. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the safety of one-year administration of green tea catechins. Oncotarget 2016; 7:70794-70802. [PMID: 28053292 PMCID: PMC5340117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although preclinical, epidemiological and prior clinical trial data suggest that green tea catechins (GTCs) may reduce prostate cancer (PCa) risk, several preclinical studies and case reports have reported liver toxicities and acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Based on these observations, regulatory bodies have required stringent inclusion criteria with frequent, excessive toxicity monitoring and early stopping rules in clinical trials. These requirements have impeded recruitment and retention of subjects in chemoprevention trials and subsequent progress in agent development efforts. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We conducted a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of Polyphenon E® (PolyE®), a proprietary mixture of decaffeinated GTCs, containing 400 mg (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) per day, in 97 men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and/or atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP). PolyE® containing 200 mg EGCG was administered with food, BID. A secondary study endpoint in this trial was a comparison of the overall one-year treatment related adverse events and grade 3 or higher adverse event on the two study arms. Monthly assessments of toxicity (CTCAE 4.0), concomitant medications and organ function, including hepatic panel, PT/PTT and LDH, were performed. RESULTS Daily intake of a standardized, decaffeinated, catechin mixture containing 200 mg EGCG BID taken with food for 1 year accumulated in plasma and was well tolerated and did not produce treatment related adverse effects in men with baseline HGPIN or ASAP. CONCLUSION The current data provides evidence of safety of decaffeinated, catechin mixture containing 200 mg EGCG BID to be further tested for prostate cancer prevention or other indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B. Kumar
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Philippe E. Spiess
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Jong Park
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Raoul Salup
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Urology, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Christopher R. Williams
- University of Florida – Jacksonville, UF Health Jacksonville, Urologic Oncology, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Howard Parnes
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael J. Schell
- Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
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31
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Structural characterization, ROS-inductive and proteasome inhibitory properties of ternary and binary copper(II) complexes of N2- and N2O2-ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Computational Approaches for the Discovery of Human Proteasome Inhibitors: An Overview. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070927. [PMID: 27438821 PMCID: PMC6274525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasome emerged as an important target in recent pharmacological research due to its pivotal role in degrading proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus of eukaryotic cells, regulating a wide variety of cellular pathways, including cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair, transcription, immune response, and signaling processes. The last two decades witnessed intensive efforts to discover 20S proteasome inhibitors with significant chemical diversity and efficacy. To date, the US FDA approved to market three proteasome inhibitors: bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib. However new, safer and more efficient drugs are still required. Computer-aided drug discovery has long being used in drug discovery campaigns targeting the human proteasome. The aim of this review is to illustrate selected in silico methods like homology modeling, molecular docking, pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and combined methods that have been used in proteasome inhibitors discovery. Applications of these methods to proteasome inhibitors discovery will also be presented and discussed to raise improvements in this particular field.
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33
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Zhao Q, Zhao M, Parris AB, Xing Y, Yang X. Genistein targets the cancerous inhibitor of PP2A to induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1203-10. [PMID: 27574003 PMCID: PMC4948957 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein is a soy isoflavone with phytoestrogen and tyrosine kinase inhibitory properties. High intake of soy/genistein has been associated with reduced breast cancer risk. Despite the advances in genistein-mediated antitumor studies, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated genistein-induced regulation of the cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), a novel oncogene frequently overexpressed in breast cancer, and its functional impact on genistein-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. We demonstrated that genistein induced downregulation of CIP2A in MCF-7-C3 and T47D breast cancer cells, which was correlated with its growth inhibition and apoptotic activities. Overexpression of CIP2A attenuated, whereas CIP2A knockdown sensitized, genistein-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. We further showed that genistein-induced downregulation of CIP2A involved both transcriptional suppression and proteasomal degradation. In particular, genistein at higher concentrations induced concurrent downregulation of E2F1 and CIP2A. Overexpression of E2F1 attenuated genistein-induced downregulation of CIP2A mRNA, indicating the role of E2F1 in genistein-induced transcriptional suppression of CIP2A. Taken together, our results identified CIP2A as a functional target of genistein and demonstrated that modulation of E2F1-mediated transcriptional regulation of CIP2A contributes to its downregulation. These data advance our understanding of genistein-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis, and support further investigation on CIP2A as a therapeutic target of relevant anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Zhao
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Ying Xing
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute and Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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Działo M, Mierziak J, Korzun U, Preisner M, Szopa J, Kulma A. The Potential of Plant Phenolics in Prevention and Therapy of Skin Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:160. [PMID: 26901191 PMCID: PMC4783894 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds constitute a group of secondary metabolites which have important functions in plants. Besides the beneficial effects on the plant host, phenolic metabolites (polyphenols) exhibit a series of biological properties that influence the human in a health-promoting manner. Evidence suggests that people can benefit from plant phenolics obtained either by the diet or through skin application, because they can alleviate symptoms and inhibit the development of various skin disorders. Due to their natural origin and low toxicity, phenolic compounds are a promising tool in eliminating the causes and effects of skin aging, skin diseases, and skin damage, including wounds and burns. Polyphenols also act protectively and help prevent or attenuate the progression of certain skin disorders, both embarrassing minor problems (e.g., wrinkles, acne) or serious, potentially life-threatening diseases such as cancer. This paper reviews the latest reports on the potential therapy of skin disorders through treatment with phenolic compounds, considering mostly a single specific compound or a combination of compounds in a plant extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Działo
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Justyna Mierziak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Urszula Korzun
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Preisner
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jan Szopa
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Plant Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24A, 53-363 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Kulma
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Uifălean A, Schneider S, Ionescu C, Lalk M, Iuga CA. Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2015; 21:E13. [PMID: 26703550 PMCID: PMC6273223 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential benefit of soy isoflavones in breast cancer chemoprevention, as suggested by epidemiological studies, has aroused the interest of numerous scientists for over twenty years. Although intensive work has been done in this field, the preclinical results continue to be controversial and the molecular mechanisms are far from being fully understood. The antiproliferative effect of soy isoflavones has been commonly linked to the estrogen receptor interaction, but there is growing evidence that other pathways are influenced as well. Among these, the regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation and survival, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis or antioxidant properties have been recently explored using various isoflavone doses and various breast cancer cells. In this review, we offer a comprehensive perspective on the molecular mechanisms of isoflavones observed in in vitro studies, emphasizing each time the dose-effect relationship and estrogen receptor status of the cells. Furthermore, we present future research directions in this field which could provide a better understanding of the inner molecular mechanisms of soy isoflavones in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Uifălean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Corina Ionescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
| | - Michael Lalk
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Cristina Adela Iuga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
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36
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Mohammad RM, Muqbil I, Lowe L, Yedjou C, Hsu HY, Lin LT, Siegelin MD, Fimognari C, Kumar NB, Dou QP, Yang H, Samadi AK, Russo GL, Spagnuolo C, Ray SK, Chakrabarti M, Morre JD, Coley HM, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Helferich WG, Yang X, Boosani CS, Guha G, Bhakta D, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Keith WN, Bilsland A, Halicka D, Nowsheen S, Azmi AS. Broad targeting of resistance to apoptosis in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S78-S103. [PMID: 25936818 PMCID: PMC4720504 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis or programmed cell death is natural way of removing aged cells from the body. Most of the anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction and related cell death networks to eliminate malignant cells. However, in cancer, de-regulated apoptotic signaling, particularly the activation of an anti-apoptotic systems, allows cancer cells to escape this program leading to uncontrolled proliferation resulting in tumor survival, therapeutic resistance and recurrence of cancer. This resistance is a complicated phenomenon that emanates from the interactions of various molecules and signaling pathways. In this comprehensive review we discuss the various factors contributing to apoptosis resistance in cancers. The key resistance targets that are discussed include (1) Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins; (2) autophagy processes; (3) necrosis and necroptosis; (4) heat shock protein signaling; (5) the proteasome pathway; (6) epigenetic mechanisms; and (7) aberrant nuclear export signaling. The shortcomings of current therapeutic modalities are highlighted and a broad spectrum strategy using approaches including (a) gossypol; (b) epigallocatechin-3-gallate; (c) UMI-77 (d) triptolide and (e) selinexor that can be used to overcome cell death resistance is presented. This review provides a roadmap for the design of successful anti-cancer strategies that overcome resistance to apoptosis for better therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Interim translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Clement Yedjou
- C-SET, [Jackson, #229] State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Nagi B Kumar
- Moffit Cancer Center, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit MI, United States
| | - Huanjie Yang
- The School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | | | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mrinmay Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - James D Morre
- Mor-NuCo, Inc, Purdue Research Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Helen M Coley
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates
| | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine Creighton University, Omaha NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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Kumar NB, Pow-Sang J, Egan KM, Spiess PE, Dickinson S, Salup R, Helal M, McLarty J, Williams CR, Schreiber F, Parnes HL, Sebti S, Kazi A, Kang L, Quinn G, Smith T, Yue B, Diaz K, Chornokur G, Crocker T, Schell MJ. Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Green Tea Catechins for Prostate Cancer Prevention. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:879-87. [PMID: 25873370 PMCID: PMC4596745 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical, epidemiologic, and prior clinical trial data suggest that green tea catechins (GTC) may reduce prostate cancer risk. We conducted a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of Polyphenon E (PolyE), a proprietary mixture of GTCs, containing 400 mg (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) per day, in 97 men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and/or atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP). The primary study endpoint was a comparison of the cumulative one-year prostate cancer rates on the two study arms. No differences in the number of prostate cancer cases were observed: 5 of 49 (PolyE) versus 9 of 48 (placebo), P = 0.25. A secondary endpoint comparing the cumulative rate of prostate cancer plus ASAP among men with HGPIN without ASAP at baseline, revealed a decrease in this composite endpoint: 3 of 26 (PolyE) versus 10 of 25 (placebo), P < 0.024. This finding was driven by a decrease in ASAP diagnoses on the Poly E (0/26) compared with the placebo arm (5/25). A decrease in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was observed on the PolyE arm [-0.87 ng/mL; 95% confidence intervals (CI), -1.66 to -0.09]. Adverse events related to the study agent did not significantly differ between the two study groups. Daily intake of a standardized, decaffeinated catechin mixture containing 400 mg EGCG per day for 1 year accumulated in plasma and was well tolerated but did not reduce the likelihood of prostate cancer in men with baseline HGPIN or ASAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida.
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Department of Urology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kathleen M Egan
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Shohreh Dickinson
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Raoul Salup
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Mohamed Helal
- Department of Urology, Tampa Urology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jerry McLarty
- Department of MedicineLSU Health Sciences Center, Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Fred Schreiber
- Watson Clinic-Center for Cancer Care and Research, Lakeland, Florida
| | | | - Said Sebti
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, Florida
| | - Aslam Kazi
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, Florida
| | - Loveleen Kang
- James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gwen Quinn
- Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Tiffany Smith
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Binglin Yue
- Department of Biostatistics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, Florida
| | - Karen Diaz
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ganna Chornokur
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Theresa Crocker
- Center for Innovation in Disability and Rehabilitation Research, James A. Haley Veterans Administration Hospital, Tampa, Florida
| | - Michael J Schell
- Department of Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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Abstract
Soy phytoestrogens are dietary components with considerable effects on reducing the incidence of prostate cancer. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that occurrence of prostate cancer is relatively low in Asia and Southern Europe, a status associated with consuming of soy isoflavones, such as genistein, daidzein, and glycitein. Soy phytoestrogens exert their activity on molecular mechanisms, including cell-cycle control, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, and metastasis. In addition, they have antioxidant activity and show regulatory effect on the expression of genes involved in DNA damage and repair. Furthermore, the epigenetic regulation of gene expression can be modified by soy phytoestrogens. They show regulatory effects on gene activity by altering DNA methylation and/or histone modification patterns. In this chapter, we discuss the role of soy phytoestrogens on the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of prostate cancer. We attempt to provide further insight in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of protective effects of soy phytoestrogens in preventing prostate cancer.
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Rivas A, Vidal RL, Hetz C. Targeting the unfolded protein response for disease intervention. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1203-18. [PMID: 26166159 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1053869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) generates a stress condition that engages the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR is an adaptive reaction that aims to reestablish ER proteostasis by recovering the folding capacity of the cell. However, chronic ER stress results in apoptosis. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on discussing the emerging role of the UPR as a driver of several human pathologies including diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The involvement of specific UPR signaling components on different diseases is highlighted based on preclinical models and pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the pathway. EXPERT OPINION Therapeutic strategies directed to regulate the activity of different UPR signaling arms may reduce stress levels with a therapeutic gain. Recent drug discovery efforts have identified small molecules that target specific UPR components, providing protection on various disease models. However, important side effects are predicted in the chronic administration due to the fundamental role of the UPR in highly secretory organs such as liver and pancreas. To overcome these problems, we propose the use of combinatorial treatments of selected drugs with natural compounds that are known to modulate the ER proteostasis network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rivas
- University of Chile, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine , Santiago , Chile
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B. Kumar N, Dhurandhar M, Aggarwal B, Anant S, Daniel K, Deng G, Djeu J, Dou J, Hawk E, Jayaram B, Jia L, Joshi R, Kararala M, Karunagaran D, Kucuk O, Kumar L, Malafa M, Samathanam GJ, Sarkar F, Siddiqi M, Singh RP, Srivastava A, White JD. Proceedings of the Indo-U.S. bilateral workshop on accelerating botanicals/biologics agent development research for cancer chemoprevention, treatment, and survival. Cancer Med 2014; 2:108-15. [PMID: 24279005 PMCID: PMC3797562 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the evolving evidence of the promise of botanicals/biologics for cancer chemoprevention and treatment, an Indo-U.S. collaborative Workshop focusing on “Accelerating Botanicals Agent Development Research for Cancer Chemoprevention and Treatment” was conducted at the Moffitt Cancer Center, 29–31 May 2012. Funded by the Indo-U.S. Science and Technology Forum, a joint initiative of Governments of India and the United States of America and the Moffitt Cancer Center, the overall goals of this workshop were to enhance the knowledge (agents, molecular targets, biomarkers, approaches, target populations, regulatory standards, priorities, resources) of a multinational, multidisciplinary team of researcher's to systematically accelerate the design, to conduct a successful clinical trials to evaluate botanicals/biologics for cancer chemoprevention and treatment, and to achieve efficient translation of these discoveries into the standards for clinical practice that will ultimately impact cancer morbidity and mortality. Expert panelists were drawn from a diverse group of stakeholders, representing the leadership from the National Cancer Institute's Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine (OCCAM), NCI Experimental Therapeutics (NExT), Food and Drug Administration, national scientific leadership from India, and a distinguished group of population, basic and clinical scientists from the two countries, including leaders in bioinformatics, social sciences, and biostatisticians. At the end of the workshop, we established four Indo-U.S. working research collaborative teams focused on identifying and prioritizing agents targeting four cancers that are of priority to both countries. Presented are some of the key proceedings and future goals discussed in the proceedings of this workshop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Medha Dhurandhar
- Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Pune UniversityPune, 411007, India
| | - Bharat Aggarwal
- The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, Texas, 77054
| | - Shrikant Anant
- The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas City, Kansas, 66160
| | | | - Gary Deng
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, New York, 10021
| | - Julie Djeu
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, 33612-9497
| | - Jinhui Dou
- Food and Drug AdministrationSilver Springs, Maryland, 20993
| | - Ernest Hawk
- The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, Texas, 77054
| | - B. Jayaram
- India Institute of Technology-DelhiNew Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Libin Jia
- National Cancer Institute, NIHBethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Rajendra Joshi
- Bioinformatics Scientific and Engineering Computing, Pune UniversityPune, 411007, India
| | | | - Devarajan Karunagaran
- Department of Biotechnology, India Institute of Technology – MadrasChennai, 600036, India
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Emory Healthcare, The Emory Clinic Winship Cancer InstituteNE Atlanta, Georgia, 30322
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (IRCH), All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi, 110029, India
| | | | - G. J. Samathanam
- Department and Transfer DivisionDepartment of Science and Technology, Government of IndiaIndia
| | - Fazlul Sarkar
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroit, Michigan, 48201
| | | | - Rana P. Singh
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of GujaratGujarat, 382030, India
| | - Anil Srivastava
- Open Health Systems Laboratory at Johns Hopkins Montgomery County CampusRockville, Maryland, 20850
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Mahmoud AM, Yang W, Bosland MC. Soy isoflavones and prostate cancer: a review of molecular mechanisms. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 140:116-32. [PMID: 24373791 PMCID: PMC3962012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Soy isoflavones are dietary components for which an association has been demonstrated with reduced risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in Asian populations. However, the exact mechanism by which these isoflavones may prevent the development or progression of PCa is not completely understood. There are a growing number of animal and in vitro studies that have attempted to elucidate these mechanisms. The predominant and most biologically active isoflavones in soy products, genistein, daidzein, equol, and glycetin, inhibit prostate carcinogenesis in some animal models. Cell-based studies show that soy isoflavones regulate genes that control cell cycle and apoptosis. In this review, we discuss the literature relevant to the molecular events that may account for the benefit of soy isoflavones in PCa prevention or treatment. These reports show that although soy isoflavone-induced growth arrest and apoptosis of PCa cells are plausible mechanisms, other chemo protective mechanisms are also worthy of consideration. These possible mechanisms include antioxidant defense, DNA repair, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, potentiation of radio- and chemotherapeutic agents, and antagonism of estrogen- and androgen-mediated signaling pathways. Moreover, other cells in the cancer milieu, such as the fibroblastic stromal cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells, may be targeted by soy isoflavones, which may contribute to soy-mediated prostate cancer prevention. In this review, these mechanisms are discussed along with considerations about the doses and the preclinical models that have been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Mahmoud
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Wancai Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Maarten C Bosland
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kim SJ, Amankwah E, Connors S, Park HY, Rincon M, Cornnell H, Chornokur G, Hashim AI, Choi J, Tsai YY, Engelman RW, Kumar N, Park JY. Safety and chemopreventive effect of Polyphenon E in preventing early and metastatic progression of prostate cancer in TRAMP mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:435-44. [PMID: 24501325 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0427-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer treatment is often accompanied by untoward side effects. Therefore, chemoprevention to reduce the risk and inhibit the progression of prostate cancer may be an effective approach to reducing disease burden. We investigated the safety and efficacy of Polyphenon E, a green tea extract, in reducing the progression of prostate cancer in transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. A total of 119 male TRAMP and 119 C57BL/6J mice were treated orally with one of 3 doses of Polyphenon E (200, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg/day) in drinking water ad libitum replicating human achievable doses. Baseline assessments were performed before treatments. Safety and efficacy assessments during treatments were performed when mice were 12, 22, and 32 weeks old. The number and size of tumors in treated TRAMP mice were significantly decreased compared with untreated animals. In untreated 32 weeks old TRAMP mice, prostate carcinoma metastasis to distant sites was observed in 100% of mice (8/8), compared with 13% of mice (2/16) treated with high-dose Polyphenon E during the same period. Furthermore, Polyphenon E treatment significantly inhibited metastasis in TRAMP mice in a dose-dependent manner (P = 0.0003). Long-term (32 weeks) treatment with Polyphenon E was safe and well tolerated with no evidence of toxicity in C57BL/6J mice. Polyphenon E is an effective chemopreventive agent in preventing the progression of prostate cancer to metastasis in TRAMP mice. Polyphenon E showed no toxicity in these mouse models. Our findings provide additional evidence for the safety and chemopreventive effect of Polyphenon E in preventing metastatic progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Joon Kim
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612.
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Shen M, Chan TH, Dou QP. Targeting tumor ubiquitin-proteasome pathway with polyphenols for chemosensitization. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2014; 12:891-901. [PMID: 22292765 DOI: 10.2174/187152012802649978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of tumor drug resistance is one of the biggest obstacles on the way to achieve a favorable outcome of chemotherapy. Among various strategies that have been explored to overcome drug resistance, the combination of current chemotherapy with plant polyphenols as a chemosensitizer has emerged as a promising one. Plant polyphenols are a group of phytochemicals characterized by the presence of more than one phenolic group. Mechanistic studies suggest that polyphenols have multiple intracellular targets, one of which is the proteasome complex. The proteasome is a proteolytic enzyme complex responsible for intracellular protein degradation and has been shown to play an important role in tumor growth and the development of drug resistance. Therefore, proteasome inhibition by plant polyphenols could be one of the mechanisms contributing to their chemosensitizing effect. Plant polyphenols that have been identified to possess proteasome-inhibitory activity include (-)-epigallocatechins-3-gallate (EGCG), genistein, luteolin, apigenin, chrysin, quercetin, curcumin and tannic acid. These polyphenols have exhibited an appreciable effect on overcoming resistance to various chemotherapeutic drugs as well as multidrug resistance in a broad spectrum of tumors ranging from carcinoma and sarcoma to hematological malignances. The in vitro and in vivo studies on polyphenols with proteasome-inhibitory activity have built a solid foundation to support the idea that they could serve as a chemosensitizer for the treatment of cancer. In-depth mechanistic studies and identification of optimal regimen are needed in order to eventually translate this laboratory concept into clinical trials to actually benefit current chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shen
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 540.1 HWCRC, 4100 John R Road, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Orabi KY, Abaza MS, El Sayed KA, Elnagar AY, Al-Attiyah R, Guleri RP. Selective growth inhibition of human malignant melanoma cells by syringic acid-derived proteasome inhibitors. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:82. [PMID: 23958424 PMCID: PMC3765228 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been shown that proteasome inhibition leads to growth arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and/or induction of apoptosis. However, it was found that some of these inhibitors do not induce apoptosis in several human normal cell lines. This selective activity makes proteasome inhibition a promising target for new generation of anticancer drugs. Clinical validation of the proteasome, as a therapeutic target in oncology, has been provided by the dipeptide boronic acid derivative; bortezomib. Bortezomib has proven to be effective as a single agent in multiple myeloma and some forms of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Syringic acid (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 1), a known phenolic acid, was isolated from the methanol extract of Tamarix aucheriana and was shown to possess proteasome inhibitory activity. Methods Using Surflex-Dock program interfaced with SYBYL, the docking affinities of syringic acid and its proposed derivatives to 20S proteasome were studied. Several derivatives were virtually proposed, however, five derivatives: benzyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate (2), benzyl 4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate (3), 3'-methoxybenzyl 3,5-dimethoxy-4-(3'-methoxybenzyloxy)benzoate (4), 3'-methoxybenzyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate (5) and 3',5'-dimethoxybenzyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate (6), were selected based on high docking scores, synthesized, and tested for their anti-mitogenic activity against human colorectal, breast and malignant melanoma cells as well as normal human fibroblast cells. Results Derivatives 2, 5, and 6 showed selective dose-dependent anti-mitogenic effect against human malignant melanoma cell lines HTB66 and HTB68 with minimal cytotoxicity on colorectal and breast cancer cells as well as normal human fibroblast cells. Derivatives 2, 5 and 6 significantly (p ≤ 0.0001) inhibited the various proteasomal chymotrypsin, PGPH, and trypsin like activities. They growth arrested the growth of HTB66 cells at G1 and G2-phases. They also arrested the growth of HTB68 cells at S- and G2-phase, respectively. Moreover, derivatives 2, 5, and 6 markedly induced apoptosis (≥ 90%) in both HTB66 and HTB68. Conclusions Computer-derived syringic acid derivatives possess selective anti-mitogenic activity on human malignant melanoma cells that may be attributed to perturbation of cell cycle, induction of apoptosis and inhibition of various 26S proteasomal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Y Orabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
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Nagaraju GP, Zafar SF, El-Rayes BF. Pleiotropic effects of genistein in metabolic, inflammatory, and malignant diseases. Nutr Rev 2013; 71:562-72. [PMID: 23865800 DOI: 10.1111/nure.12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein is a soy-derived biologically active isoflavone that exhibits diverse health-promoting effects. An increasing body of evidence shows that genistein influences lipid homeostasis and insulin resistance, counteracts inflammatory cytokines, and possesses antidiabetic properties. Genistein also impedes cancer progression by promoting apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest, modulating intracellular signaling pathways, and inhibiting angiogenesis and metastasis of neoplastic cells. This review summarizes the pleiotropic functions of genistein in common health disorders such as metabolic syndrome, chronic inflammatory diseases, and cancer. In the current era of uncontrolled health expenditure, a focus on the clinical development of nutritional agents with the capacity to prevent a variety of common health disorders is needed. As a micronutrient that exerts multifaceted effects ranging from antidiabetic to anticarcinogenic functions, genistein should be clinically developed further for use in the prevention and treatment of a variety of health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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46
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Rentsch A, Landsberg D, Brodmann T, Bülow L, Girbig AK, Kalesse M. Synthese und Pharmakologie von Proteasom-Inhibitoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Rentsch A, Landsberg D, Brodmann T, Bülow L, Girbig AK, Kalesse M. Synthesis and pharmacology of proteasome inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5450-88. [PMID: 23526565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Shortly after the discovery of the proteasome it was proposed that inhibitors could stabilize proteins which ultimately would trigger apoptosis in tumor cells. The essential questions were whether small molecules would be able to inhibit the proteasome without generating prohibitive side effects and how one would derive these compounds. Fortunately, "Mother Nature" has generated a wide variety of natural products that provide distinct selectivities and specificities. The chemical synthesis of these natural products finally provided access to analogues and optimized drugs of which two different classes have been approved for the treatment of malignancies. Despite these achievements, additional lead structures derived from nature are under investigation and will be discussed with regard to their biological potential and chemical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rentsch
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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Kumar N, Chornokur G. Molecular Targeted Therapies Using Botanicals for Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (SUNNYVALE, CALIF.) 2012; Suppl 2:005. [PMID: 24527269 PMCID: PMC3920581 DOI: 10.4172/2161-1025.s2-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In spite of the large number of botanicals demonstrating promise as potential cancer chemopreventive agents, most have failed to prove effectiveness in clinical trials. Critical requirements for moving botanical agents to recommendation for clinical use include adopting a systematic, molecular-target based approach and utilizing the same ethical and rigorous methods that are used to evaluate other pharmacological agents. Preliminary data on a mechanistic rationale for chemoprevention activity as observed from epidemiological, in vitro and preclinical studies, phase I data of safety in suitable cohorts, duration of intervention based on time to progression of pre-neoplastic disease to cancer and using a valid panel of biomarkers representing the hypothesized carcinogenesis pathway for measuring efficacy must inform the design of clinical trials. Botanicals have been shown to influence multiple biochemical and molecular cascades that inhibit mutagenesis, proliferation, induce apoptosis, suppress the formation and growth of human cancers, thus modulating several hallmarks of carcinogenesis. These agents appear promising in their potential to make a dramatic impact in cancer prevention and treatment, with a significantly superior safety profile than most agents evaluated to date. The goal of this paper is to provide models of translational research based on the current evidence of promising botanicals with a specific focus on targeted therapies for PCa chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagi Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Florida, USA ; University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Ganna Chornokur
- Department of Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Florida, USA
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Landis-Piwowar K, Chen D, Foldes R, Chan TH, Dou QP. Novel epigallocatechin gallate analogs as potential anticancer agents: a patent review (2009 - present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 23:189-202. [PMID: 23230990 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.743993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past three years numerous patents and patent applications have been published relating to scientific advances in the use of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (the most abundant, and bioactive compound in green tea) and its analogs as anticancer agents. EGCG affects multiple molecular targets involved in cancer cell proliferation and survival; however, polyphenolic catechins, such as EGCG, generally exhibit poor oral bioavailability. Since the anticancer activity of polyphenols largely depends on their susceptibility to biotransformation reactions, numerous EGCG derivatives, analogs and prodrugs have been designed to improve the stability, bioavailability and anticancer potency of the native compound. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the applications of EGCG and its analogs, derivatives and prodrugs in the prevention and treatment of human cancers. A comprehensive description of patents related to EGCG and its derivatives, analogs and prodrugs and their uses as anticancer agents is included. EXPERT OPINION EGCG targets multiple essential survival proteins and pathways in human cancer cells. Because it is unstable physiologically, numerous alterations to the EGCG molecule have been patented, either to improve the integrity of the native compound or to generate a more stable yet similarly efficacious molecule. EGCG and its derivatives, analogs and prodrugs could be developed into future drugs for chemoprevention, chemosensitization, radiosensitization and/or cancer interception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Landis-Piwowar
- Oakland University, School of Health Sciences, Biomedical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Rochester, MI, USA.
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Iorga A, Dewey S, Partow-Navid R, Gomes AV, Eghbali M. Pregnancy is associated with decreased cardiac proteasome activity and oxidative stress in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48601. [PMID: 23166589 PMCID: PMC3499532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the heart develops physiological hypertrophy. Proteasomal degradation has been shown to be altered in various models of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Since the molecular signature of pregnancy-induced heart hypertrophy differs significantly from that of pathological heart hypertrophy, we investigated whether the cardiac proteasomal proteolytic pathway is affected by pregnancy in mice. We measured the proteasome activity, expression of proteasome subunits, ubiquitination levels and reactive oxygen production in the hearts of four groups of female mice: i) non pregnant (NP) at diestrus stage, ii) late pregnant (LP), iii) one day post-partum (PP1) and iv) 7 days post-partum (PP7). The activities of the 26 S proteasome subunits β1 (caspase-like), and β2 (trypsin-like) were significantly decreased in LP (β1∶83.26±1.96%; β2∶74.74±1.7%, normalized to NP) whereas β5 (chymotrypsin-like) activity was not altered by pregnancy but significantly decreased 1 day post-partum. Interestingly, all three proteolytic activities of the proteasome were restored to normal levels 7 days post-partum. The decrease in proteasome activity in LP was not due to the surge of estrogen as estrogen treatment of ovariectomized mice did not alter the 26 S proteasome activity. The transcript and protein levels of RPN2 and RPT4 (subunits of 19 S), β2 and α7 (subunits of 20 S) as well as PA28α and β5i (protein only) were not significantly different among the four groups. High resolution confocal microscopy revealed that nuclear localization of both core (20S) and RPT4 in LP is increased ∼2-fold and is fully reversed in PP7. Pregnancy was also associated with decreased production of reactive oxygen species and ubiquitinated protein levels, while the de-ubiquitination activity was not altered by pregnancy or parturition. These results indicate that late pregnancy is associated with decreased ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic activity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Iorga
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Shannamar Dewey
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Rod Partow-Navid
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Aldrin V. Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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