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Evans C, Berkey WJ, Jones CW, France S. Zr-Catalyzed Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted 1,3-Diacylpyrroles from N-Acyl α-Aminoaldehydes and 1,3-Dicarbonyls. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37294689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A Zr-catalyzed synthesis of tetrasubstituted 1,3-diacylpyrroles is reported that employs the direct use of N-acyl α-aminoaldehydes with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The products were formed in up to 88% yield and shown to be hydrolytically and configurationally stable under the reaction conditions (THF/1,4-dioxane and H2O). The N-acyl α-aminoaldehydes were readily prepared from the corresponding α-amino acids. The reaction tolerates a wide array of substrate types including alkyl-, aryl-, heteroaryl-, and heteroatom-containing groups on the aminoaldehyde side chain. A variety of 1,3-dicarbonyls proved amenable to the reaction along with an aldehyde derived from a l,l-dipeptide, an aldehyde generated in situ, and an N-acylated glucosamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caria Evans
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - William J Berkey
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Christopher W Jones
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stefan France
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Ronaghi N, Fialho DM, Jones CW, France S. Conversion of Unprotected Aldose Sugars to Polyhydroxyalkyl and C-Glycosyl Furans via Zirconium Catalysis. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15337-15346. [PMID: 33226804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient, zirconium-catalyzed conversion of unprotected aldose sugars with acetylacetone to polyhydroxyalkyl furans or C-glycosylfurans is reported. The furan products are formed in up to 93% yield using 5-10 mol % ZrCl4. Pentoses are readily converted at room temperature, while hexoses and their oligosaccharides require mild heating (i.e., 50 °C). Efficient conversions of glycolaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, erythrose, a heptose, and glucosamine are also demonstrated. This approach outpaces each of the previous Lewis acid-catalyzed methods in at least one the following ways: (i) lower catalyst loadings; (ii) reduced reaction temperatures; (iii) shorter reaction times; (iv) equimolar substrate stoichiometry; (v) expanded sugar scope; (vi) higher selectivities; and (vii) the use of an Earth-abundant Zr catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Ronaghi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - David M Fialho
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Christopher W Jones
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stefan France
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Du K, Xia C, Wei M, Chen X, Zhang P. Microwave-assisted rapid synthesis of sugar-based pyrazole derivatives with anticancer activity in water. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05284c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A rapid, efficient and green method has been developed for the synthesis of some novel sugar-based pyrazole derivatives in eco-friendly water under microwave irradiation in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Du
- Zhejiang University
- China
- Hangzhou Normal University
- China
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Prado AGS, Torres JD, Faria EA, Dias SCL. Comparative adsorption studies of indigo carmine dye on chitin and chitosan. J Colloid Interface Sci 2005; 277:43-7. [PMID: 15276036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2004] [Accepted: 04/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of indigo carmine dye onto chitin and chitosan from aqueous solutions was followed in a batch system. The ability of these materials to adsorb indigo carmine dye from aqueous solution was followed through a series of adsorption isotherms adjusted to a modified Langmuir equation. The maximum number of moles adsorbed was 1.24 +/- 0.16 x 10(-5) and 1.54 +/- 0.03 x 10(-4) mol g(-1) for chitin and chitosan, respectively. The same interactions were calorimetrically followed and the thermodynamic data showed exothermic enthalpic values of -40.12 +/- 3.52 and -29.25 +/- 1.93 kJ mol(-1) for chitin and chitosan, respectively. Gibbs free energies for the two adsorption processes of indigo carmine dye presented a positive value for chitin and a negative one for chitosan, reflecting that dye/surface interactions are thermodynamic favorable for chitosan and nonspontaneous for chitin at 298.15 K. The interaction processes were accompanied by an increase of entropy value for chitosan (90 +/- 6 J mol(-1)K(-1)) and a decrease for chitin (-145 +/- 13 J mol(-1)K(-1)). Thus, dye/chitosan interaction showed favorable enthalpic and entropic processes, reflecting thermodynamic stability of the formed complex, while dye/chitin interaction showed an exothermic enthalpic value and a highly nonfavorable entropic effect, resulting in a nonspontaneous thermodynamic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre G S Prado
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Caixa Postal 4478, 70919-970 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
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