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Kyrychenko A, Ladokhin AS. Fluorescent Probes and Quenchers in Studies of Protein Folding and Protein-Lipid Interactions. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300232. [PMID: 37695081 PMCID: PMC11113672 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy provides numerous methodological tools for structural and functional studies of biological macromolecules and their complexes. All fluorescence-based approaches require either existence of an intrinsic probe or an introduction of an extrinsic one. Moreover, studies of complex systems often require an additional introduction of a specific quencher molecule acting in combination with a fluorophore to provide structural or thermodynamic information. Here, we review the fundamentals and summarize the latest progress in applications of different classes of fluorescent probes and their specific quenchers, aimed at studies of protein folding and protein-membrane interactions. Specifically, we discuss various environment-sensitive dyes, FRET probes, probes for short-distance measurements, and several probe-quencher pairs for studies of membrane penetration of proteins and peptides. The goals of this review are: (a) to familiarize the readership with the general concept that complex biological systems often require both a probe and a quencher to decipher mechanistic details of functioning and (b) to provide example of the immediate applications of the described methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kyrychenko
- Institute of Chemistry and School of Chemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
| | - Alexey S Ladokhin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, United States
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2
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Neto BAD, Sorto JEP, Lapis AAM, Machado F. Functional chromophores synthesized via multicomponent Reactions: A review on their use as cell-imaging probes. Methods 2023; 220:142-157. [PMID: 37939912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and applications of fluorescence imaging probes synthesized via MCRs (multicomponent reactions). These probes, also known as functional chromophores, belong to a currently investigated class of fluorophores that are presently being successfully applied in bioimaging experiments, especially in various living cell lineages. We describe some of the MCRs that have been employed in the synthesis of these probes and explore their applications in biological imaging, with an emphasis on cellular imaging. The review also discusses the challenges and future perspectives in the field, particularly considering the potential impact of MCR-based fluorescence imaging probes on advancing this field of research in the coming years. Considering that this area of research is relatively new and nearly a decade has passed since the first publication, this review also provides a historical perspective on this class of fluorophores, highlighting the pioneering works published between 2011 and 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenno A D Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Jenny E P Sorto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil; Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Fabricio Machado
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil
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3
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Hu Y, Zhang RQ, Liu SL, Wang ZG. In-situ quantification of lipids in live cells through imaging approaches. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 240:115649. [PMID: 37678059 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are important molecules that are widely distributed within the cell, and they play a crucial role in several biological processes such as cell membrane formation, signaling, cell motility and division. Monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of cellular lipids in real-time and quantifying their concentrations in situ is crucial since the local concentration of lipids initiates various signaling pathways that regulate cellular processes. In this review, we first introduced the historical background of lipid quantification methods. We then delve into the current state of the art of in situ lipid quantification, including the establishment and utility of fluorescence imaging techniques based on sensors of lipid-binding domains labeled with organic dyes or fluorescent proteins, and Raman and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques that do not require lipid labeling. Next, we highlighted the biological applications of live-cell lipid quantification techniques in the study of in situ lipid distribution, lipid transformation, and lipid-mediated signaling pathways. Finally, we discussed the technical challenges and prospects for the development of lipid quantification in live cells, with the aim of promoting the development of in situ lipid quantification in live cells, which may have a profound impact on the biological and medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Rui-Qiao Zhang
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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4
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Yamaguchi R, Kanie Y, Kazamaki T, Kanie O, Shimizu Y. Cellular uptake of liposome consisting mainly of glucocerebroside from the starfish Asterias amurensis into Caco-2 cells. Carbohydr Res 2023; 532:108921. [PMID: 37562111 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Glucocerebroside (GlcCer) is a group of compounds consisting of β-linked glucose and ceramide with various chain lengths, some of which possess anti-tumor activity and improve skin barrier function for atopic patients when administered orally. The amphiphilic GlcCer molecules are generally easy to aggregate in aqueous solution and result in low absorption in the gut, which can be improved by forming a liposome. With a recognition that a relatively large amount of GlcCer is contained in the starfish and is being discarded, we prepared a liposome consisting mainly of GlcCer (over 95%) with 100 nm in diameter. The adsorption efficiency of the liposome into cultured Caco-2 cells was investigated by live-cell imaging using fluorescently labeled liposomes. We found an immediate internalization of GlcCer-liposome on exposure without significant accumulation on the plasma membrane. The membrane fluidity was transiently affected as evidenced by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments without no significant cellular damage, which indicates a liposome with high content of GlcCer might be useful as the carrier of dietary and/or drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kanie
- Research Promotion Division, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kazamaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
| | - Osamu Kanie
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan; Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan; Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Shimizu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan; Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
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5
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Attram HD, Korkor CM, Taylor D, Njoroge M, Chibale K. Antimalarial Imidazopyridines Incorporating an Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding Motif: Medicinal Chemistry and Mechanistic Studies. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:928-942. [PMID: 36946433 PMCID: PMC10111423 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
We previously identified a novel class of antimalarial benzimidazoles incorporating an intramolecular hydrogen bonding motif. The frontrunner of the series, analogue A, showed nanomolar activity against the chloroquine-sensitive NF54 and multi-drug-resistant K1 strains of Plasmodium falciparum (PfNF54 IC50 = 0.079 μM; PfK1 IC50 = 0.335 μM). Here, we describe a cell-based medicinal chemistry structure-activity relationship study using compound A as a basis. This effort led to the identification of novel antimalarial imidazopyridines with activities of <1 μM, favorable cytotoxicity profiles, and good physicochemical properties. Analogue 14 ( PfNF54 IC50 = 0.08 μM; PfK1 IC50 = 0.10 μM) was identified as the frontrunner of the series. Preliminary mode of action studies employing molecular docking, live-cell confocal microscopy, and a cellular heme fractionation assay revealed that 14 does not directly inhibit the conversion of heme to hemozoin, although it could be involved in other processes in the parasite's digestive vacuole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrietta D Attram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Constance M Korkor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Dale Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Mathew Njoroge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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6
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Ma ZW, Tang JW, Liu QH, Mou JY, Qiao R, Du Y, Wu CY, Tang DQ, Wang L. Identification of geographic origins of Morus alba Linn. through surfaced enhanced Raman spectrometry and machine learning algorithms. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14285-14298. [PMID: 36803175 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2180433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The leaves of Morus alba Linn., which is also known as white mulberry, have been commonly used in many of traditional systems of medicine for centuries. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), mulberry leaf is mainly used for anti-diabetic purpose due to its enrichment in bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids and polysaccharides. However, these components are variable due to the different habitats of the mulberry plant. Therefore, geographic origin is an important feature because it is closely associated with bioactive ingredient composition that further influences medicinal qualities and effects. As a low-cost and non-invasive method, surface enhanced Raman spectrometry (SERS) is able to generate the overall fingerprints of chemical compounds in medicinal plants, which holds the potential for the rapid identification of their geographic origins. In this study, we collected mulberry leaves from five representative provinces in China, namely, Anhui, Guangdong, Hebei, Henan and Jiangsu. SERS spectrometry was applied to characterize the fingerprints of both ethanol and water extracts of mulberry leaves, respectively. Through the combination of SERS spectra and machine learning algorithms, mulberry leaves were well discriminated with high accuracies in terms of their geographic origins, among which the deep learning algorithm convolutional neural network (CNN) showed the best performance. Taken together, our study established a novel method for predicting the geographic origins of mulberry leaves through the combination of SERS spectra with machine learning algorithms, which strengthened the application potential of the method in the quality evaluation, control and assurance of mulberry leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Wen Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Wei Tang
- Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jing-Yi Mou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chang-Yu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dao-Quan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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7
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Mambwe D, Korkor CM, Mabhula A, Ngqumba Z, Cloete C, Kumar M, Barros PL, Leshabane M, Coertzen D, Taylor D, Gibhard L, Njoroge M, Lawrence N, Reader J, Moreira DR, Birkholtz LM, Wittlin S, Egan TJ, Chibale K. Novel 3-Trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole Analogues of Astemizole with Multi-stage Antiplasmodium Activity and In Vivo Efficacy in a Plasmodium berghei Mouse Malaria Infection Model. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16695-16715. [PMID: 36507890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Iterative medicinal chemistry optimization of an ester-containing astemizole (AST) analogue 1 with an associated metabolic instability liability led to the identification of a highly potent 3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole analogue 23 (PfNF54 IC50 = 0.012 μM; PfK1 IC50 = 0.040 μM) displaying high microsomal metabolic stability (HLM CLint < 11.6 μL·min-1·mg-1) and > 1000-fold higher selectivity over hERG compared to AST. In addition to asexual blood stage activity, the compound also shows activity against liver and gametocyte life cycle stages and demonstrates in vivo efficacy in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice at 4 × 50 mg·kg-1 oral dose. Preliminary interrogation of the mode of action using live-cell microscopy and cellular heme speciation revealed that 23 could be affecting multiple processes in the parasitic digestive vacuole, with the possibility of a novel target at play in the organelles associated with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dickson Mambwe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Constance M Korkor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Amanda Mabhula
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), DMPK & Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Zama Ngqumba
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), DMPK & Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Cleavon Cloete
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), DMPK & Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Malkeet Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Paula Ladeia Barros
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, CEP 40296-710 Salvador, Brazil
| | - Meta Leshabane
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics & Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Dina Coertzen
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics & Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Dale Taylor
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), DMPK & Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Liezl Gibhard
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), DMPK & Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Mathew Njoroge
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), DMPK & Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Nina Lawrence
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), DMPK & Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Janette Reader
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics & Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Diogo Rodrigo Moreira
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, CEP 40296-710 Salvador, Brazil
| | - Lyn-Marie Birkholtz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics & Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Timothy J Egan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.,Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), DMPK & Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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8
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Izquierdo E, López-Corrales M, Abad-Montero D, Rovira A, Fabriàs G, Bosch M, Abad JL, Marchán V. Fluorescently Labeled Ceramides and 1-Deoxyceramides: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cellular Distribution Studies. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16351-16367. [PMID: 36441972 PMCID: PMC9764360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides (Cer) are bioactive sphingolipids that have been proposed as potential disease biomarkers since they are involved in several cellular stress responses, including apoptosis and senescence. 1-Deoxyceramides (1-deoxyCer), a particular subtype of noncanonical sphingolipids, have been linked to the pathogenesis of type II diabetes. To investigate the metabolism of these bioactive lipids, as well as to have a better understanding of the signaling processes where they participate, it is essential to expand the toolbox of fluorescent sphingolipid probes exhibiting complementary subcellular localization. Herein, we describe a series of new sphingolipid probes tagged with two different organic fluorophores, a far-red/NIR-emitting coumarin derivative (COUPY) and a green-emitting BODIPY. The assembly of the probes involved a combination of olefin cross metathesis and click chemistry reactions as key steps, and these fluorescent ceramide analogues exhibited excellent emission quantum yields, being the Stokes' shifts of the COUPY derivatives much higher than those of the BODIPY counterparts. Confocal microscopy studies in HeLa cells confirmed an excellent cellular permeability for these sphingolipid probes and revealed that most of the vesicles stained by COUPY probes were either lysosomes or endosomes, whereas BODIPY probes accumulated either in Golgi apparatus or in nonlysosomal intracellular vesicles. The fact that the two sets of fluorescent Cer probes have such different staining patterns indicates that their subcellular distribution is not entirely defined by the sphingolipid moiety but rather influenced by the fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Izquierdo
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció
de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta López-Corrales
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció
de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Abad-Montero
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció
de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028Barcelona, Spain,Research
Unit on BioActive Molecules, Departament de Química Biològica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya
(IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona
18-26, 08034Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rovira
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció
de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Fabriàs
- Research
Unit on BioActive Molecules, Departament de Química Biològica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya
(IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona
18-26, 08034Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Bosch
- Unitat
de Microscòpia Òptica Avanc̨ada, Centres Científics
i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona
(UB), Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luís Abad
- Research
Unit on BioActive Molecules, Departament de Química Biològica, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya
(IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona
18-26, 08034Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Vicente Marchán
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció
de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028Barcelona, Spain,Institut
de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), 08028Barcelona, Spain,
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9
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Raman Method in Identification of Species and Varieties, Assessment of Plant Maturity and Crop Quality—A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144454. [PMID: 35889327 PMCID: PMC9322835 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review covers reports discussing potential applications of the specificity of Raman techniques in the advancement of digital farming, in line with an assumption of yield maximisation with minimum environmental impact of agriculture. Raman is an optical spectroscopy method which can be used to perform immediate, label-free detection and quantification of key compounds without destroying the sample. The authors particularly focused on the reports discussing the use of Raman spectroscopy in monitoring the physiological status of plants, assessing crop maturity and quality, plant pathology and ripening, and identifying plant species and their varieties. In recent years, research reports have presented evidence confirming the effectiveness of Raman spectroscopy in identifying biotic and abiotic stresses in plants as well as in phenotyping and digital selection of plants in farming. Raman techniques used in precision agriculture can significantly improve capacities for farming management, crop quality assessment, as well as biological and chemical contaminant detection, thereby contributing to food safety as well as the productivity and profitability of agriculture. This review aims to increase the awareness of the growing potential of Raman spectroscopy in agriculture among plant breeders, geneticists, farmers and engineers.
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10
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Valério M, Mendonça DA, Morais J, Buga CC, Cruz CH, Castanho MA, Melo MN, Soares CM, Veiga AS, Lousa D. Parainfluenza Fusion Peptide Promotes Membrane Fusion by Assembling into Oligomeric Porelike Structures. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:1831-1843. [PMID: 35500279 PMCID: PMC9295702 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Paramyxoviruses are enveloped viruses harboring a negative-sense RNA genome that must enter the host's cells to replicate. In the case of the parainfluenza virus, the cell entry process starts with the recognition and attachment to target receptors, followed by proteolytic cleavage of the fusion glycoprotein (F) protein, exposing the fusion peptide (FP) region. The FP is responsible for binding to the target membrane, and it is believed to play a crucial role in the fusion process, but the mechanism by which the parainfluenza FP (PIFP) promotes membrane fusion is still unclear. To elucidate this matter, we performed biophysical experimentation of the PIFP in membranes, together with coarse grain (CG) and atomistic (AA) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulation results led to the pinpointing of the most important PIFP amino acid residues for membrane fusion and show that, at high concentrations, the peptide induces the formation of a water-permeable porelike structure. This structure promotes lipid head intrusion and lipid tail protrusion, which facilitates membrane fusion. Biophysical experimental results validate these findings, showing that, depending on the peptide/lipid ratio, the PIFP can promote fusion and/or membrane leakage. Our work furthers the understanding of the PIFP-induced membrane fusion process, which might help foster development in the field of viral entry inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Valério
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Diogo A. Mendonça
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Morais
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina C. Buga
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos H. Cruz
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Miguel A.R.B. Castanho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Manuel N. Melo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cláudio M. Soares
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Salomé Veiga
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Lousa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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11
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A Planar Culture Model of Human Absorptive Enterocytes Reveals Metformin Increases Fatty Acid Oxidation and Export. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:409-434. [PMID: 35489715 PMCID: PMC9305019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Fatty acid oxidation by absorptive enterocytes has been linked to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Caco-2 and organoids have been used to study dietary lipid-handling processes including fatty acid oxidation, but are limited in physiological relevance or preclude simultaneous apical and basal access. Here, we developed a high-throughput planar human absorptive enterocyte monolayer system for investigating lipid handling, and then evaluated the role of fatty acid oxidation in fatty acid export, using etomoxir, C75, and the antidiabetic drug metformin. METHODS Single-cell RNA-sequencing, transcriptomics, and lineage trajectory was performed on primary human jejunum. In vivo absorptive enterocyte maturational states informed conditions used to differentiate human intestinal stem cells (ISCs) that mimic in vivo absorptive enterocyte maturation. The system was scaled for high-throughput drug screening. Fatty acid oxidation was modulated pharmacologically and BODIPY (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) (B)-labeled fatty acids were used to evaluate fatty acid handling via fluorescence and thin-layer chromatography. RESULTS Single-cell RNA-sequencing shows increasing expression of lipid-handling genes as absorptive enterocytes mature. Culture conditions promote ISC differentiation into confluent absorptive enterocyte monolayers. Fatty acid-handling gene expression mimics in vivo maturational states. The fatty acid oxidation inhibitor etomoxir decreased apical-to-basolateral export of medium-chain B-C12 and long-chain B-C16 fatty acids, whereas the CPT1 agonist C75 and the antidiabetic drug metformin increased apical-to-basolateral export. Short-chain B-C5 was unaffected by fatty acid oxidation inhibition and diffused through absorptive enterocytes. CONCLUSIONS Primary human ISCs in culture undergo programmed maturation. Absorptive enterocyte monolayers show in vivo maturational states and lipid-handling gene expression profiles. Absorptive enterocytes create strong epithelial barriers in 96-Transwell format. Fatty acid export is proportional to fatty acid oxidation. Metformin enhances fatty acid oxidation and increases basolateral fatty acid export, supporting an intestine-specific role.
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12
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Sule K, Prenner EJ. Lipid headgroup and side chain architecture determine manganese-induced dose dependent membrane rigidification and liposome size increase. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2022; 51:205-223. [PMID: 35166865 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-022-01589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal ion-membrane interactions have gained appreciable attention over the years resulting in increasing investigations into the mode of action of toxic and essential metals. More work has focused on essential ions like Ca or Mg and toxic metals like Cd and Pb, whereas this study investigates the effects of the abundant essential trace metal manganese with model lipid systems by screening zwitterionic and anionic glycerophospholipids. Despite its essentiality, deleterious impact towards cell survival is known under Mn stress. The fluorescent dyes Laurdan and diphenylhexatriene were used to assess changes in membrane fluidity both in the head group and hydrophobic core region of the membrane, respectively. Mn-rigidified membranes composed of the anionic phospholipids, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, and phosphatidylserine. Strong binding resulted in large shifts of the phase transition temperature. The increase was in the order phosphatidylserine > phosphatidylglycerol > cardiolipin, and in all cases, saturated analogues > mono-unsaturated forms. Dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that Mn caused extensive aggregation of liposomes composed of saturated analogues of phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylserine, whilst the mono-unsaturated analogue had significant membrane swelling. Increased membrane rigidity may interfere with permeability of ions and small molecules, possibly disrupting cellular homeostasis. Moreover, liposome size changes could indicate fusion, which could also be detrimental to cellular transport. Overall, this study provided further understanding into the effects of Mn with biomembranes, whereby the altered membrane properties are consequential to the proper structural and signalling functions of membrane lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Sule
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Elmar J Prenner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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13
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Chen C, Li D, Li J, Chen X, Wei W, Wang X. Microstructure and biomolecules mobility of human milk fat globules by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching with confocal scanning laser microscope. FOOD STRUCTURE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foostr.2022.100251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Islam MS, Gaston JP, Baker MAB. Fluorescence Approaches for Characterizing Ion Channels in Synthetic Bilayers. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:857. [PMID: 34832086 PMCID: PMC8619978 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels are membrane proteins that play important roles in a wide range of fundamental cellular processes. Studying membrane proteins at a molecular level becomes challenging in complex cellular environments. Instead, many studies focus on the isolation and reconstitution of the membrane proteins into model lipid membranes. Such simpler, in vitro, systems offer the advantage of control over the membrane and protein composition and the lipid environment. Rhodopsin and rhodopsin-like ion channels are widely studied due to their light-interacting properties and are a natural candidate for investigation with fluorescence methods. Here we review techniques for synthesizing liposomes and for reconstituting membrane proteins into lipid bilayers. We then summarize fluorescence assays which can be used to verify the functionality of reconstituted membrane proteins in synthetic liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sirajul Islam
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.S.I.); (J.P.G.)
| | - James P. Gaston
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.S.I.); (J.P.G.)
| | - Matthew A. B. Baker
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.S.I.); (J.P.G.)
- CSIRO Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
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15
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Saletnik A, Saletnik B, Puchalski C. Overview of Popular Techniques of Raman Spectroscopy and Their Potential in the Study of Plant Tissues. Molecules 2021; 26:1537. [PMID: 33799702 PMCID: PMC7999012 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is one of the main analytical techniques used in optical metrology. It is a vibration, marker-free technique that provides insight into the structure and composition of tissues and cells at the molecular level. Raman spectroscopy is an outstanding material identification technique. It provides spatial information of vibrations from complex biological samples which renders it a very accurate tool for the analysis of highly complex plant tissues. Raman spectra can be used as a fingerprint tool for a very wide range of compounds. Raman spectroscopy enables all the polymers that build the cell walls of plants to be tracked simultaneously; it facilitates the analysis of both the molecular composition and the molecular structure of cell walls. Due to its high sensitivity to even minute structural changes, this method is used for comparative tests. The introduction of new and improved Raman techniques by scientists as well as the constant technological development of the apparatus has resulted in an increased importance of Raman spectroscopy in the discovery and defining of tissues and the processes taking place in them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bogdan Saletnik
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.S.); (C.P.)
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16
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Aden S, Snoj T, Anderluh G. The use of giant unilamellar vesicles to study functional properties of pore-forming toxins. Methods Enzymol 2021; 649:219-251. [PMID: 33712188 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) act upon lipid membranes and appropriate model systems are of great importance in researching these proteins. Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are an excellent model membrane system to study interactions between lipids and proteins. Their main advantage is the size comparable to cells, which means that GUVs can be observed directly under the light microscope. Many PFTs properties can be studied by using GUVs, such as binding specificity, membrane reorganization upon protein binding and oligomerization, pore properties and mechanism of pore formation. GUVs also represent a good model for biotechnological approaches, e.g., in applications in synthetic biology and medicine. Each research area has its own demands for GUVs properties, so several different approaches for GUVs preparations have been developed and will be discussed in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saša Aden
- Department for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Snoj
- Department for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Anderluh
- Department for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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17
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Korkor CM, Garnie LF, Amod L, Egan TJ, Chibale K. Intrinsic fluorescence properties of antimalarial pyrido[1,2- a]benzimidazoles facilitate subcellular accumulation and mechanistic studies in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8668-8676. [PMID: 33078179 PMCID: PMC7710849 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01730b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic fluorescence properties of two related pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole antimalarial compounds suitable for the cellular imaging of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum without the need to attach extrinsic fluorophores are described. Although these compounds are structurally related, they have been shown by confocal microscopy to not only accumulate selectively within P. falciparum but to also accumulate differently in the organelles investigated. Localization to the digestive vacuole and nearby neutral lipids was observed for compound 2 which was shown to inhibit hemozoin formation using a cellular fractionation assay indicating that this is a contributing mechanism of action. By contrast, compound 1, which differs from compound 2 by the replacement of the imidazole[1,2-a:4,5-b']dipyridine core with the benzimidazole core as well as the presence of Cl substituents, shows very different localisation patterns and shows no evidence of hemozoin inhibition, suggesting a different mechanism of antimalarial action. Docking profiles of both compounds on the hemozoin surface further provided insight into their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance M Korkor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
| | - Larnelle F Garnie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
| | - Leah Amod
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
| | - Timothy J Egan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. and South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Department of Chemistry, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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18
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Goughnour PC, Park MC, Kim SB, Jun S, Yang WS, Chae S, Cho S, Song C, Lee J, Hyun JK, Kim BG, Hwang D, Jung HS, Gho YS, Kim S. Extracellular vesicles derived from macrophages display glycyl-tRNA synthetase 1 and exhibit anti-cancer activity. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 10:e12029. [PMID: 33708357 PMCID: PMC7890555 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (GARS1), a cytosolic enzyme secreted from macrophages, promotes apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the mechanism underlying GARS1 secretion has not been elucidated. Here, we report that GARS1 is secreted through unique extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a hydrodynamic diameter of 20-58 nm (mean diameter: 36.9 nm) and a buoyant density of 1.13-1.17 g/ml. GARS1 was anchored to the surface of these EVs through palmitoylated C390 residue. Proteomic analysis identified 164 proteins that were uniquely enriched in the GARS1-containing EVs (GARS1-EVs). Among the identified factors, insulin-like growth factor II receptor, and vimentin also contributed to the anti-cancer activity of GARS1-EVs. This study identified the unique secretory vesicles containing GARS1 and various intracellular factors that are involved in the immunological defence response against tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C. Goughnour
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical ResearchMedicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterCollege of Pharmacy & College of MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei UniversityIncheonKorea
| | - Min Chul Park
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical ResearchMedicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterCollege of Pharmacy & College of MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei UniversityIncheonKorea
| | - Sang Bum Kim
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical ResearchMedicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterCollege of Pharmacy & College of MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei UniversityIncheonKorea
| | - Sangmi Jun
- Division of Electron Microscopic ResearchKorea Basic Science InstituteDaejeonKorea
| | - Won Suk Yang
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical ResearchMedicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterCollege of Pharmacy & College of MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei UniversityIncheonKorea
| | - Sehyun Chae
- Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and TechnologyDaeguKorea
| | - Seongmin Cho
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical ResearchMedicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterCollege of Pharmacy & College of MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei UniversityIncheonKorea
| | - Chihong Song
- Division of Electron Microscopic ResearchKorea Basic Science InstituteDaejeonKorea
| | - Ji‐Hyun Lee
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical ResearchMedicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterCollege of Pharmacy & College of MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei UniversityIncheonKorea
| | - Jae Kyung Hyun
- Division of Electron Microscopic ResearchKorea Basic Science InstituteDaejeonKorea
| | - Byung Gyu Kim
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical ResearchMedicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterCollege of Pharmacy & College of MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei UniversityIncheonKorea
- Center for Genomic IntegrityInstitute for Basic ScienceUlsanKorea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and TechnologyDaeguKorea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of BiochemistryCollege of Natural SciencesKangwon National UniversityChuncheonKorea
| | - Yong Song Gho
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical ResearchMedicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterCollege of Pharmacy & College of MedicineGangnam Severance HospitalYonsei UniversityIncheonKorea
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19
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Mizuguchi T, Nuriya M. Applications of second harmonic generation (SHG)/sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging for biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:10.1007/s12551-020-00768-4. [PMID: 33108561 PMCID: PMC7755958 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane is a lipid bilayer of < 10 nm width that separates intra- and extra-cellular environments and serves as the site of cell-cell communication, as well as communication between cells and the extracellular environment. As such, biophysical phenomena at and around the plasma membrane play key roles in determining cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Thus, the selective visualization and characterization of the plasma membrane are crucial aspects of research in wide areas of biology and medicine. However, the specific characterization of the plasma membrane has been a challenge using conventional imaging techniques, which are unable to effectively distinguish between signals arising from the plasma membrane and those from intracellular lipid structures. In this regard, interface-specific second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging demonstrate great potential. When combined with exogenous SHG/SFG active dyes, SHG/SFG can specifically highlight the plasma membrane as the most prominent interface associated with cells. Furthermore, SHG/SFG imaging can be readily extended to multimodal multiphoton microscopy with simultaneous occurrence of other multiphoton phenomena, including multiphoton excitation and coherent Raman scattering, which shed light on the biophysical properties of the plasma membrane from different perspectives. Here, we review traditional and current applications, as well as the prospects of long-known but unexplored SHG/SFG imaging techniques in biophysics, with special focus on their use in the biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaha Mizuguchi
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
- Keio Advanced Research Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8345, Japan.
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan.
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20
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Special Issue: Membrane and Receptor Dynamics. J Membr Biol 2020; 252:207-211. [PMID: 31583440 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-019-00096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Tang NT, D. Snook R, Brown MD, Haines BA, Ridley A, Gardner P, Denbigh JL. Fatty-Acid Uptake in Prostate Cancer Cells Using Dynamic Microfluidic Raman Technology. Molecules 2020; 25:E1652. [PMID: 32260207 PMCID: PMC7180971 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that intake of dietary fatty acid (FA) is strongly correlated with prostate cancer progression but is highly dependent on the type of FAs. High levels of palmitic acid (PA) or arachidonic acid (AA) can stimulate the progression of cancer. In this study, a unique experimental set-up consisting of a Raman microscope, coupled with a commercial shear-flow microfluidic system is used to monitor fatty acid uptake by prostate cancer (PC-3) cells in real-time at the single cell level. Uptake of deuterated PA, deuterated AA, and the omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were monitored using this new system, while complementary flow cytometry experiments using Nile red staining, were also conducted for the validation of the cellular lipid uptake. Using this novel experimental system, we show that DHA and EPA have inhibitory effects on the uptake of PA and AA by PC-3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga-Tsing Tang
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK; (N.-T.T.); (R.D.S.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Richard D. Snook
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK; (N.-T.T.); (R.D.S.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mick D. Brown
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK;
| | - Bryan A. Haines
- Fluxion BioSciences, 1600 Harbor Bay Parkway, #150, Alameda, CA 94502, USA;
| | - Andrew Ridley
- Labtech International Ltd., Mytogen House, 11 Browning Road, Heathfield, East Sussex TN21 8DB, UK;
| | - Peter Gardner
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK; (N.-T.T.); (R.D.S.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Joanna L. Denbigh
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
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22
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Gorman BL, Kraft ML. High-Resolution Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Cell Membranes. Anal Chem 2020; 92:1645-1652. [PMID: 31854976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This Feature describes the use a Cameca NanoSIMS instrument for directly imaging specific lipid and protein species in the plasma membranes of mammalian cells with approximately 100 nm-lateral resolution and discusses how these analyses have already begun to transform fundamental concepts in the field of membrane biology. Secondary ion generation is discussed with emphasis on the constraints that affect the detection and identification of membrane components, and then the sample preparation methodologies and data analysis strategies that address these constraints are described.
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23
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Li J, Chen SL, Hou Y, Zhou J, Yuan Q, Gan W. Drastically modulating the structure, fluorescence, and functionality of doxorubicin in lipid membrane by interfacial density control. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:224706. [PMID: 31837686 DOI: 10.1063/1.5126232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report on the observation of a drastic modulation of the fluorescence emission of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin, at the lipid interface during the variation of its molecular density at the interface. The emission efficiency of doxorubicin in the lipid membrane was modulated in the range of less than 10% to above 300% that in the aqueous solution. The corresponding changes in the structure and functionality of doxorubicin on the lipid surface were analyzed with the aid of second harmonic generation and theoretical calculation. It was observed that doxorubicin molecules aggregated on the lipid membrane at a relatively high interfacial density. However, this aggregation may not cause interfacial domain large enough to alter the permeability of the lipid bilayer. At an even higher doxorubicin density, the domain of the aggregated doxorubicin molecules induced a cross-membrane transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Shun-Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, and School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
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24
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Jones RR, Hooper DC, Zhang L, Wolverson D, Valev VK. Raman Techniques: Fundamentals and Frontiers. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:231. [PMID: 31300945 PMCID: PMC6626094 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Driven by applications in chemical sensing, biological imaging and material characterisation, Raman spectroscopies are attracting growing interest from a variety of scientific disciplines. The Raman effect originates from the inelastic scattering of light, and it can directly probe vibration/rotational-vibration states in molecules and materials. Despite numerous advantages over infrared spectroscopy, spontaneous Raman scattering is very weak, and consequently, a variety of enhanced Raman spectroscopic techniques have emerged. These techniques include stimulated Raman scattering and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, as well as surface- and tip-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopies. The present review provides the reader with an understanding of the fundamental physics that govern the Raman effect and its advantages, limitations and applications. The review also highlights the key experimental considerations for implementing the main experimental Raman spectroscopic techniques. The relevant data analysis methods and some of the most recent advances related to the Raman effect are finally presented. This review constitutes a practical introduction to the science of Raman spectroscopy; it also highlights recent and promising directions of future research developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin R. Jones
- Turbomachinery Research Centre, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - David C. Hooper
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Liwu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Daniel Wolverson
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Ventsislav K. Valev
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
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Yang S, Wen J, Li H, Xu L, Liu Y, Zhao N, Zeng Z, Qi J, Jiang W, Han W, Zu Y. Aptamer-Engineered Natural Killer Cells for Cell-Specific Adaptive Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900903. [PMID: 31026116 PMCID: PMC6541510 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are a key component of the innate immune system as they can attack cancer cells without prior sensitization. However, due to lack of cell-specific receptors, NK cells are not innately able to perform targeted cancer immunotherapy. Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides that specifically recognize their targets with high affinity in a similar manner to antibodies. To render NK cells with target-specificity, synthetic CD30-specific aptamers are anchored on cell surfaces to produce aptamer-engineered NK cells (ApEn-NK) without genetic alteration or cell damage. Under surface-anchored aptamer guidance, ApEn-NK specifically bind to CD30-expressing lymphoma cells but do not react to off-target cells. The resulting specific cell binding of ApEn-NK triggers higher apoptosis/death rates of lymphoma cells compared to parental NK cells. Additionally, experiments with primary human NK cells demonstrate the potential of ApEn-NK to specifically target and kill lymphoma cells, thus presenting a potential new approach for targeted immunotherapy by NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghui Yang
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanting Liu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nianxi Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zihua Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianjun Qi
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenqi Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Hematology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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26
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Zhang R, Niu G, Li X, Guo L, Zhang H, Yang R, Chen Y, Yu X, Tang BZ. Reaction-free and MMP-independent fluorescent probes for long-term mitochondria visualization and tracking. Chem Sci 2019; 10:1994-2000. [PMID: 30881628 PMCID: PMC6383331 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05119d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Visualizing and tracking mitochondrial dynamic changes is crucially important in the fields of physiology, pathology and pharmacology. Traditional electrostatic-attraction based mitochondrial probes fail to visualize and track the changes due to their leakage from mitochondria when mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decreases. Reaction-based MitoTracker probes can realize visualization and tracking of mitochondria changes independent of MMP changes. However, such probes impair mitochondrial proteins and exhibit high cytotoxicity. Therefore, it still remains challenging to explore reaction-free and highly biocompatible probes for visualizing and tracking mitochondrial dynamics independent of MMP fluctuations. Herein we synthesized two reaction-free fluorescent mitochondrial probes ECPI-12 and IVPI-12 bearing a long C12-alkyl chain. These cationic probes can firmly immobilize in the mitochondrial inner membrane by strong hydrophobic interaction between the C12-alkyl chain and lipid bilayer, resulting in high specificity and long-term mitochondrial staining regardless of MMP changes. They also exhibit large two-photon absorption cross-sections and show deep penetration in live tissues in two-photon microscopy. Furthermore, they display excellent biocompatibility and realize in situ and real-time mitophagy tracking in live cells. These excellent properties could make ECPI-12 and IVPI-12 the first selective tools for long-term visualization and tracking of mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyao Zhang
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials , State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China .
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Resto-ration and Reconstruction , Institute for Advanced Study , Division of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China .
| | - Guangle Niu
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Resto-ration and Reconstruction , Institute for Advanced Study , Division of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China .
| | - Xuechen Li
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials , State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China .
| | - Lifang Guo
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials , State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China .
| | - Huamiao Zhang
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials , State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China .
| | - Rui Yang
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials , State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China .
| | - Yuncong Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Resto-ration and Reconstruction , Institute for Advanced Study , Division of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China .
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials , State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China .
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Resto-ration and Reconstruction , Institute for Advanced Study , Division of Biomedical Engineering and Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China .
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27
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Wei Z, Su W, Lou H, Duan S, Chen G. Trafficking pathway between plasma membrane and mitochondria via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Mol Cell Biol 2018; 10:539-548. [DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongya Wei
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenfeng Su
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huifang Lou
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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28
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Visualizing bioactive ceramides. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 216:142-151. [PMID: 30266560 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the last 30 years, ceramides have been found to mediate a myriad of biological processes. Ceramides have been recognized as bioactive molecules and their metabolizing enzymes are attractive targets in cancer therapy and other diseases. The molecular mechanism of action of cellular ceramides are still not fully established, with insights into roles through modification of lipid rafts, creation of ceramide platforms, ceramide channels, or through regulation of direct protein effectors such as protein phosphatases and kinases. Recently, the 'Many Ceramides' hypothesis focuses on distinct pools of subcellular ceramides and ceramide species as potential defined bioactive entities. Traditional methods that measure changes in ceramide levels in the whole cell, such as mass spectrometry, fluorescent ceramide analogues, and ceramide antibodies, fail to differentiate specific bioactive species at the subcellular level. However, a few ceramide binding proteins have been reported, and a smaller subgroup within these, have been shown to translocate to ceramide-enriched membranes, revealing these localized pools of bioactive ceramides. In this review we want to discuss and consolidate these works and explore the possibility of defining these binding proteins as new tools are emerging to visualize bioactive ceramides in cells. Our goal is to encourage the scientific community to explore these ceramide partners, to improve techniques to refine the list of these binding partners, making possible the identification of specific domains that recognize and bind ceramides to be used to visualize the 'Many Ceramides' in the cell.
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29
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Click chemistry in sphingolipid research. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 215:71-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Hoang HT, Haubitz T, Kumke MU. Photophysics of "Floppy" Dyads as Potential Biomembrane Probes. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:1225-1237. [PMID: 30145784 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2286-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the study a dyad (C6 probe), constructed of two dyes with highly different hydrophobicities, was investigated by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques in chloroform, methanol, and in phospholipid vesicles, respectively. The dyad was built on two dyes: the lipophilic benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and the hydrophilic sulforhodamine B (SRB). The dyes were linked via a short, but flexible alkyl chain (six C-atoms). Based on their spectroscopic properties, BaP and SRB showed a very efficient non-radiative resonance energy transfer in solution. Incorporation into a lipid bilayer limited the relative flexibility (degree of freedom) between donor and acceptor and was used for the investigation of fundamental photophysical aspects (especially of FRET) as well as to elucidate the potential of the dyad to probe the interface of vesicles (or cells). The location of the two dyes in vesicles and their respective accessibility for interactions with dye-specific antibodies was investigated. Based on the alteration of the anisotropy, on the rotational correlation time as well as on the diffusion coefficient the incorporation of the C6 probe into the vesicles was evaluated. Especially the limitation in the relative movements of the two dyes was considered and used to differentiate between potential parameters, that influence the energy transfer in the dyad. Transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) and pulsed-interleave single molecule fluorescence experiments were performed to better understand the intramolecular interactions in the dyad. Finally, in a showcase for a biosensing application of the dyads, the binding of an SRB-specific antibody was investigated when the dyad was incorporated in vesicles. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa T Hoang
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry (Physical Chemistry), Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Humboldt University of Berlin, School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA), Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Toni Haubitz
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry (Physical Chemistry), Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael U Kumke
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry (Physical Chemistry), Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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31
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Lee TH, Hirst DJ, Kulkarni K, Del Borgo MP, Aguilar MI. Exploring Molecular-Biomembrane Interactions with Surface Plasmon Resonance and Dual Polarization Interferometry Technology: Expanding the Spotlight onto Biomembrane Structure. Chem Rev 2018; 118:5392-5487. [PMID: 29793341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The molecular analysis of biomolecular-membrane interactions is central to understanding most cellular systems but has emerged as a complex technical challenge given the complexities of membrane structure and composition across all living cells. We present a review of the application of surface plasmon resonance and dual polarization interferometry-based biosensors to the study of biomembrane-based systems using both planar mono- or bilayers or liposomes. We first describe the optical principals and instrumentation of surface plasmon resonance, including both linear and extraordinary transmission modes and dual polarization interferometry. We then describe the wide range of model membrane systems that have been developed for deposition on the chips surfaces that include planar, polymer cushioned, tethered bilayers, and liposomes. This is followed by a description of the different chemical immobilization or physisorption techniques. The application of this broad range of engineered membrane surfaces to biomolecular-membrane interactions is then overviewed and how the information obtained using these techniques enhance our molecular understanding of membrane-mediated peptide and protein function. We first discuss experiments where SPR alone has been used to characterize membrane binding and describe how these studies yielded novel insight into the molecular events associated with membrane interactions and how they provided a significant impetus to more recent studies that focus on coincident membrane structure changes during binding of peptides and proteins. We then discuss the emerging limitations of not monitoring the effects on membrane structure and how SPR data can be combined with DPI to provide significant new information on how a membrane responds to the binding of peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzong-Hsien Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Daniel J Hirst
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Ketav Kulkarni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Mark P Del Borgo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
| | - Marie-Isabel Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute , Monash University , Clayton , VIC 3800 , Australia
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32
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Flynn KR, Sutti A, Martin LL, Leigh Ackland M, Torriero AAJ. Critical effects of polar fluorescent probes on the interaction of DHA with POPC supported lipid bilayers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:1135-1142. [PMID: 29338975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of lipid bilayer structure and function has been advanced by the application of molecular fluorophores. However, the effects of these probe molecules on the physicochemical properties of membranes being studied are poorly understood. A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring instrument was used in this work to investigate the impact of two commonly used fluorescent probes, 1‑palmitoyl‑2‑{12‑[(7‑nitro‑2‑1,3‑benzoxadiazol‑4‑yl)amino]dodecanoyl}‑sn‑glycero‑3‑phosphocholine (NBD-PC) and 1,2‑dipalmitoyl‑sn‑glycero‑3‑phosphoethanolamine‑n‑(lissamine rhodamine‑B‑sulfonyl) (Lis-Rhod PE), on the formation and physicochemical properties of a 1‑palmitoyl‑2‑oleoyl‑sn‑glycero‑3‑phosphocholine supported lipid bilayer (POPC-SLB). The interaction of the POPC-SLB and fluorophore-modified POPC-SLB with docosahexaenoic acid, DHA, was evaluated. The incorporation of DHA into the POPC-SLB was observed to significantly decrease in the presence of the Lis-Rhod PE probe compared with the POPC-SLB. In addition, it was observed that the small concentration of DHA incorporated into the POPC:NBD-PC SLB can produce rearrangement processes followed by the lost not only of DHA but also of POPC or NBD-PC molecules or both during the washing step. This work has significant implications for the interpretation of data employing fluorescent reporter molecules within SLBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiera R Flynn
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Alessandra Sutti
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - M Leigh Ackland
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Angel A J Torriero
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
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33
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Ermakova EV, Arslanov VV. Analytical micelles containing amphiphilic aminoanthraquinone solvatochromic reporter receptor. COLLOID JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x17060060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Beltrán A, Burguete MI, Luis SV, Galindo F. Styrylpyrylium Dyes as Solvent-Sensitive Molecules Displaying Dual Fluorescence. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Beltrán
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica; Universitat Jaume I; Avda. Sos Baynat s/n 12071 Castellón Spain
| | - M. Isabel Burguete
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica; Universitat Jaume I; Avda. Sos Baynat s/n 12071 Castellón Spain
| | - Santiago V. Luis
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica; Universitat Jaume I; Avda. Sos Baynat s/n 12071 Castellón Spain
| | - Francisco Galindo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica; Universitat Jaume I; Avda. Sos Baynat s/n 12071 Castellón Spain
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35
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Mo GCH, Yip CM. Structural templating of J-aggregates: Visualizing bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate domains in live cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017; 1865:1687-1695. [PMID: 28844737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the key structural and dynamical determinants that drive the association of biomolecules, whether in solution, or perhaps more importantly in a membrane environment, has critical implications for our understanding of cellular dynamics, processes, and signaling. With recent advances in high-resolution imaging techniques, from the development of new molecular labels to technical advances in imaging methodologies and platforms, researchers are now reaping the benefits of being able to directly characterize and quantify local dynamics, structures, and conformations in live cells and tissues. These capabilities are providing unique insights into association stoichiometries, interactions, and structures on sub-micron length scales. We previously examined the role of lipid headgroup chemistry and phase state in guiding the formation of pseudoisocyanine (PIC) dye J-aggregates on supported planar bilayers [Langmuir, 25, 10719]. We describe here how these same J-aggregates can report on the in situ formation of organellar membrane domains in live cells. Live cell hyperspectral confocal microscopy using GFP-conjugated GTPase markers of early (Rab5) and late (Rab7) endosomes revealed that the PIC J-aggregates were confined to domains on either the limiting membrane or intralumenal vesicles (ILV) of late endosomes, known to be enriched in the anionic lipid bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP). Correlated confocal fluorescence - atomic force microscopy performed on endosomal membrane-mimetic supported planar lipid bilayers confirmed BMP-specific templating of the PIC J-aggregates. These data provide strong evidence for the formation of BMP-rich lipid domains during multivesicular body formation and portend the application of structured dye aggregates as markers of cellular membrane domain structure, size, and formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary C H Mo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St., Toronto M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher M Yip
- Department of Biochemistry, Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St., Toronto M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St., Toronto M5S 3E1, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St., Toronto M5S 3E1, Canada.
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36
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Kraft ML. Sphingolipid Organization in the Plasma Membrane and the Mechanisms That Influence It. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 4:154. [PMID: 28119913 PMCID: PMC5222807 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are structural components in the plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells. Their metabolism produces bioactive signaling molecules that modulate fundamental cellular processes. The segregation of sphingolipids into distinct membrane domains is likely essential for cellular function. This review presents the early studies of sphingolipid distribution in the plasma membranes of mammalian cells that shaped the most popular current model of plasma membrane organization. The results of traditional imaging studies of sphingolipid distribution in stimulated and resting cells are described. These data are compared with recent results obtained with advanced imaging techniques, including super-resolution fluorescence detection and high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Emphasis is placed on the new insight into the sphingolipid organization within the plasma membrane that has resulted from the direct imaging of stable isotope-labeled lipids in actual cell membranes with high-resolution SIMS. Super-resolution fluorescence techniques have recently revealed the biophysical behaviors of sphingolipids and the unhindered diffusion of cholesterol analogs in the membranes of living cells are ultimately in contrast to the prevailing hypothetical model of plasma membrane organization. High-resolution SIMS studies also conflicted with the prevailing hypothesis, showing sphingolipids are concentrated in micrometer-scale membrane domains, but cholesterol is evenly distributed within the plasma membrane. Reductions in cellular cholesterol decreased the number of sphingolipid domains in the plasma membrane, whereas disruption of the cytoskeleton eliminated them. In addition, hemagglutinin, a transmembrane protein that is thought to be a putative raft marker, did not cluster within sphingolipid-enriched regions in the plasma membrane. Thus, sphingolipid distribution in the plasma membrane is dependent on the cytoskeleton, but not on favorable interactions with cholesterol or hemagglutinin. The alternate views of plasma membrane organization suggested by these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Kraft
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana, IL, USA
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37
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Parra-Lobato MC, Paredes MA, Labrador J, Saucedo-García M, Gavilanes-Ruiz M, Gomez-Jimenez MC. Localization of Sphingolipid Enriched Plasma Membrane Regions and Long-Chain Base Composition during Mature-Fruit Abscission in Olive. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1138. [PMID: 28706527 PMCID: PMC5489598 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids, found in membranes of eukaryotic cells, have been demonstrated to carry out functions in various processes in plant cells. However, the roles of these lipids in fruit abscission remain to be determined in plants. Biochemical and fluorescence microscopy imaging approach has been adopted to investigate the accumulation and distribution of sphingolipids during mature-fruit abscission in olive (Olea europaea L. cv. Picual). Here, a lipid-content analysis in live protoplasts of the olive abscission zone (AZ) was made with fluorescent dyes and lipid analogs, particularly plasma membrane sphingolipid-enriched domains, and their dynamics were investigated in relation to the timing of mature-fruit abscission. In olive AZ cells, the measured proportion of both polar lipids and sphingolipids increased as well as endocytosis was stimulated during mature-fruit abscission. Likewise, mature-fruit abscission resulted in quantitative and qualitative changes in sphingolipid long-chain bases (LCBs) in the olive AZ. The total LCB increase was due essentially to the increase of t18:1(8E) LCBs, suggesting that C-4 hydroxylation and Δ8 desaturation with a preference for (E)-isomer formation were quantitatively the most important sphingolipids in olive AZ during abscission. However, our results also showed a specific association between the dihydroxylated LCB sphinganine (d18:0) and the mature-fruit abscission. These results indicate a clear correlation between the sphingolipid composition and mature-fruit abscission. Moreover, measurements of endogenous sterol levels in the olive AZ revealed that it accumulated sitosterol and campesterol with a concomitant decrease in cycloartenol during abscission. In addition, underlying the distinct sterol composition of AZ during abscission, genes for key biosynthetic enzymes for sterol synthesis, for obtusifoliol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) and C-24 sterol methyltransferase2 (SMT2), were up-regulated during mature-fruit abscission, in parallel to the increase in sitosterol content. The differences found in AZ lipid content and the relationships established between LCB and sterol composition, offer new insights about sphingolipids and sterols in abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel A. Paredes
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of ExtremaduraBadajoz, Spain
| | - Juana Labrador
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of ExtremaduraBadajoz, Spain
| | - Mariana Saucedo-García
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of HidalgoTulancingo, Mexico
| | - Marina Gavilanes-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria C. Gomez-Jimenez
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of ExtremaduraBadajoz, Spain
- *Correspondence: Maria C. Gomez-Jimenez,
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38
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Hasan IY, Mechler A. Analytical approaches to study domain formation in biomimetic membranes. Analyst 2017; 142:3062-3078. [PMID: 28758651 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Novel characterization methods open new horizons in the study of membrane mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Younus Hasan
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science
- La Trobe University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Adam Mechler
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science
- La Trobe University
- Melbourne
- Australia
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39
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Lv C, Lin Y, Liu AA, Hong ZY, Wen L, Zhang Z, Zhang ZL, Wang H, Pang DW. Labeling viral envelope lipids with quantum dots by harnessing the biotinylated lipid-self-inserted cellular membrane. Biomaterials 2016; 106:69-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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40
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He C, Fong LG, Young SG, Jiang H. NanoSIMS imaging: an approach for visualizing and quantifying lipids in cells and tissues. J Investig Med 2016; 65:669-672. [PMID: 27793974 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2016-000239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, several approaches have been used to image lipids in cells and tissues, but most have limited spatial resolution and sensitivity. Here, we discuss a relatively new approach, nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, that makes it possible to visualize lipids in cells and tissues in a quantitative fashion and with high spatial resolution and high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiwen He
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Loren G Fong
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen G Young
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Departments of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation, and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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41
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Li L, Zhang Z. Development and Applications of the Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) as a Bioorthogonal Reaction. Molecules 2016; 21:E1393. [PMID: 27783053 PMCID: PMC6273301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of bioorthogonal reactions has greatly broadened the scope of biomolecule labeling and detecting. Of all the bioorthogonal reactions that have been developed, the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is the most widely applied one, mainly because of its relatively fast kinetics and high efficiency. However, the introduction of copper species to in vivo systems raises the issue of potential toxicity. In order to reduce the copper-induced toxicity and further improve the reaction kinetics and efficiency, different strategies have been adopted, including the development of diverse copper chelating ligands to assist the catalytic cycle and the development of chelating azides as reagents. Up to now, the optimization of CuAAC has facilitated its applications in labeling and identifying either specific biomolecule species or on the omics level. Herein, we mainly discuss the efforts in the development of CuAAC to better fit the bioorthogonal reaction criteria and its bioorthogonal applications both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.
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42
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Gaebler A, Penno A, Kuerschner L, Thiele C. A highly sensitive protocol for microscopy of alkyne lipids and fluorescently tagged or immunostained proteins. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1934-1947. [PMID: 27565170 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d070565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand to study the cellular localization of specific lipids has led to recent advances in lipid probes and microscopy. Alkyne lipids bear a small, noninterfering tag and can be detected upon click reaction with an azide-coupled reporter. Fluorescent alkyne lipid imaging crucially depends on appropriate azide reporters and labeling protocols that allow for an efficient click reaction and therefore a sensitive detection. We synthesized several azide reporters with different spacer components and tested their suitability for alkyne lipid imaging in fixed cells. The implementation of a copper-chelating picolyl moiety into fluorescent or biotin-based azide reagents strongly increased the sensitivity of the imaging routine. We demonstrate the applicability and evaluate the performance of this approach using different lipid classes and experimental setups. As azide picolyl reporters allow for reduced copper catalyst concentrations, they also enable coimaging of alkyne lipids with multiple fluorescent proteins including enhanced green fluorescent protein. Alternatively, and as we also show, microscopy of alkyne lipids can be combined with protein detection by immunocytochemistry. In summary, we present a robust, sensitive, and highly versatile protocol for the labeling of alkyne lipids with azide-coupled reporters for fluorescence microscopy that can be combined with different protein detection and imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gaebler
- Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anke Penno
- Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Kuerschner
- Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
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43
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Dauner M, Batroff E, Bachmann V, Hauck CR, Wittmann V. Synthetic Glycosphingolipids for Live-Cell Labeling. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1624-37. [PMID: 27253729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are an important component of cell membranes that are involved in many biological processes. Fluorescently labeled glycosphingolipids are frequently used to gain insight into their localization. However, the attachment of a fluorophore to the glycan part or-more commonly-to the lipid part of glycosphingolipids is known to alter the biophysical properties and can perturb the biological function of the probe. Presented here is the synthesis of novel glycosphingolipid probes with mono- and disaccharide head groups and ceramide moieties containing fatty acids of varying chain length (C4 to C20). These glycosphingolipids bear an azide or an alkyne group as chemical reporter to which a fluorophore can be attached through a bioorthogonal ligation reaction. The fluorescent tag and any linker connected to it can be chosen in a flexible manner. We demonstrate the suitability of the probes by selective visualization of the plasma membrane of living cells by confocal microscopy techniques. Whereas the derivatives with the shorter fatty acids can be directly applied to HEK 293T cells, the hydrophobic glycosphingolipids with longer fatty acids can be delivered to cells using fusogenic liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Dauner
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ellen Batroff
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Verena Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christof R Hauck
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Valentin Wittmann
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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44
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Henriques ST, Deplazes E, Lawrence N, Cheneval O, Chaousis S, Inserra M, Thongyoo P, King GF, Mark AE, Vetter I, Craik DJ, Schroeder CI. Interaction of Tarantula Venom Peptide ProTx-II with Lipid Membranes Is a Prerequisite for Its Inhibition of Human Voltage-gated Sodium Channel NaV1.7. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:17049-65. [PMID: 27311819 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.729095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ProTx-II is a disulfide-rich peptide toxin from tarantula venom able to inhibit the human voltage-gated sodium channel 1.7 (hNaV1.7), a channel reported to be involved in nociception, and thus it might have potential as a pain therapeutic. ProTx-II acts by binding to the membrane-embedded voltage sensor domain of hNaV1.7, but the precise peptide channel-binding site and the importance of membrane binding on the inhibitory activity of ProTx-II remain unknown. In this study, we examined the structure and membrane-binding properties of ProTx-II and several analogues using NMR spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show a direct correlation between ProTx-II membrane binding affinity and its potency as an hNaV1.7 channel inhibitor. The data support a model whereby a hydrophobic patch on the ProTx-II surface anchors the molecule at the cell surface in a position that optimizes interaction of the peptide with the binding site on the voltage sensor domain. This is the first study to demonstrate that binding of ProTx-II to the lipid membrane is directly linked to its potency as an hNaV1.7 channel inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evelyne Deplazes
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072 and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alan E Mark
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072 and
| | - Irina Vetter
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and the School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Queensland 4102, Australia
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45
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Preta G, Jankunec M, Heinrich F, Griffin S, Sheldon IM, Valincius G. Tethered bilayer membranes as a complementary tool for functional and structural studies: The pyolysin case. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2070-2080. [PMID: 27211243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs) as an experimental platform for functional and structural studies of membrane associated proteins by electrochemical techniques. The reconstitution of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) pyolysin (PLO) from Trueperella pyogenes into tBLMs was followed in real-time by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Changes of the EIS parameters of the tBLMs upon exposure to PLO solutions were consistent with the dielectric barrier damage occurring through the formation of water-filled pores in membranes. Parallel experiments involving a mutant version of PLO, which is able to bind to the membranes but does not form oligomer pores, strengthen the reliability of this methodology, since no change in the electrochemical impedance was observed. Complementary atomic force microscopy (AFM) and neutron reflectometry (NR) measurements revealed structural details of the membrane bound PLO, consistent with the structural transformations of the membrane bound toxins found for other cholesterol dependent cytolysins. In this work, using the tBLMs platform we also observed a protective effect of the dynamin inhibitor Dynasore against pyolysin as well as pneumolysin. An effect of Dynasore in tBLMs, which was earlier observed in experiments with live cells, confirms the biological relevance of the tBLMs models, as well as demonstrates the potential of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to quantify membrane damage by the pore forming toxins. In conclusion, tBLMs are a reliable and complementary method to explore the activity of CDCs in eukaryotic cells and to develop strategies to limit the toxic effects of CDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Preta
- Department of Bioelectrochemistry and Biospectroscopy, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marija Jankunec
- Department of Bioelectrochemistry and Biospectroscopy, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Frank Heinrich
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Sholeem Griffin
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Martin Sheldon
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Gintaras Valincius
- Department of Bioelectrochemistry and Biospectroscopy, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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46
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Bacalum M, Wang L, Boodts S, Yuan P, Leen V, Smisdom N, Fron E, Knippenberg S, Fabre G, Trouillas P, Beljonne D, Dehaen W, Boens N, Ameloot M. A Blue-Light-Emitting BODIPY Probe for Lipid Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:3495-3505. [PMID: 27003513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe a new BODIPY-based membrane probe (1) that provides an alternative to dialkylcarbocyanine dyes, such as DiI-C18, that can be excited in the blue spectral region. Compound 1 has unbranched octadecyl chains at the 3,5-positions and a meso-amino function. In organic solvents, the absorption and emission maxima of 1 are determined mainly by solvent acidity and dipolarity. The fluorescence quantum yield is high and reaches 0.93 in 2-propanol. The fluorescence decays are well fitted with a single-exponential in pure solvents and in small and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUV) with a lifetime of ca. 4 ns. Probe 1 partitions in the same lipid phase as DiI-C18(5) for lipid mixtures containing sphingomyelin and for binary mixtures of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC). The lipid phase has no effect on the fluorescence lifetime but influences the fluorescence anisotropy. The translational diffusion coefficients of 1 in GUVs and OLN-93 cells are of the same order as those reported for DiI-C18. The directions of the absorption and emission transition dipole moments of 1 are calculated to be parallel. This is reflected in the high steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of 1 in high ordered lipid phases. Molecular dynamic simulations of 1 in a model of the DOPC bilayer indicate that the average angle of the transition moments with respect to membrane normal is ca. 70°, which is comparable with the value reported for DiI-C18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Bacalum
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering , Reactorului 30, Măgurele, 077125, Romania
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) , Celestijnenlaan 200f - bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Boodts
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) , Celestijnenlaan 200f - bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peijia Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) , Celestijnenlaan 200f - bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Volker Leen
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) , Celestijnenlaan 200f - bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nick Smisdom
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Eduard Fron
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) , Celestijnenlaan 200f - bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Knippenberg
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Biotechnology , Roslagstullsbacken 15, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabin Fabre
- LCSN-EA1069, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Limoges , 2, rue du Dr. Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University , tř. 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Patrick Trouillas
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University , tř. 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- INSERM UMR-S850, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Limoges , 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons , Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons , Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) , Celestijnenlaan 200f - bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Noël Boens
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) , Celestijnenlaan 200f - bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University , Agoralaan Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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47
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Kepczynski M, Róg T. Functionalized lipids and surfactants for specific applications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2362-2379. [PMID: 26946243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic lipids and surfactants that do not exist in biological systems have been used for the last few decades in both basic and applied science. The most notable applications for synthetic lipids and surfactants are drug delivery, gene transfection, as reporting molecules, and as support for structural lipid biology. In this review, we describe the potential of the synergistic combination of computational and experimental methodologies to study the behavior of synthetic lipids and surfactants embedded in lipid membranes and liposomes. We focused on select cases in which molecular dynamics simulations were used to complement experimental studies aiming to understand the structure and properties of new compounds at the atomistic level. We also describe cases in which molecular dynamics simulations were used to design new synthetic lipids and surfactants, as well as emerging fields for the application of these compounds. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biosimulations edited by Ilpo Vattulainen and Tomasz Róg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland; Department of Physics, Helsinki University, P.O. Box 64, FI 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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48
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Wilson RL, Frisz JF, Klitzing HA, Zimmerberg J, Weber PK, Kraft ML. Hemagglutinin clusters in the plasma membrane are not enriched with cholesterol and sphingolipids. Biophys J 2016; 108:1652-1659. [PMID: 25863057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The clusters of the influenza envelope protein, hemagglutinin, within the plasma membrane are hypothesized to be enriched with cholesterol and sphingolipids. Here, we directly tested this hypothesis by using high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry to image the distributions of antibody-labeled hemagglutinin and isotope-labeled cholesterol and sphingolipids in the plasma membranes of fibroblast cells that stably express hemagglutinin. We found that the hemagglutinin clusters were neither enriched with cholesterol nor colocalized with sphingolipid domains. Thus, hemagglutinin clustering and localization in the plasma membrane is not controlled by cohesive interactions between hemagglutinin and liquid-ordered domains enriched with cholesterol and sphingolipids, or from specific binding interactions between hemagglutinin, cholesterol, and/or the majority of sphingolipid species in the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Jessica F Frisz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Haley A Klitzing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Joshua Zimmerberg
- Section on Cellular and Membrane Biophysics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter K Weber
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - Mary L Kraft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illnois.
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49
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Braun T, Kleusch C, Naumovska E, Merkel R, Csiszár A. A bioanalytical assay to distinguish cellular uptake routes for liposomes. Cytometry A 2015; 89:301-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Braun
- ICS-7: Biomechanics; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems; Jülich 52425 Germany
| | - Christian Kleusch
- ICS-7: Biomechanics; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems; Jülich 52425 Germany
| | - Elena Naumovska
- ICS-7: Biomechanics; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems; Jülich 52425 Germany
| | - Rudolf Merkel
- ICS-7: Biomechanics; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems; Jülich 52425 Germany
| | - Agnes Csiszár
- ICS-7: Biomechanics; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems; Jülich 52425 Germany
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50
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Merklinger E, Schloetel JG, Spitta L, Thiele C, Lang T. No Evidence for Spontaneous Lipid Transfer at ER-PM Membrane Contact Sites. J Membr Biol 2015; 249:41-56. [PMID: 26438553 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-vesicular lipid transport steps play a crucial role in lipid trafficking and potentially include spontaneous exchange. Since membrane contact facilitates this lipid transfer, it is most likely to occur at membrane contact sites (MCS). However, to date it is unknown whether closely attached biological membranes exchange lipids spontaneously. We have set up a system for studying the exchange of lipids at MCS formed between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane. Contact sites were stably anchored and the lipids cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were not capable of transferring spontaneously into the opposed bilayer. We conclude that physical contact between two associated biological membranes is not sufficient for transfer of the lipids PC and cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Merklinger
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jan-Gero Schloetel
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luis Spitta
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Linder Höhe, 51147, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Department of Cell Biology of Lipids, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lang
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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