1
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Golla S, Anugu N, Jalagam S, Kokatla HP. Rongalite-induced transition-metal and hydride-free reductive aldol reaction: a rapid access to 3,3'-disubstituted oxindoles and its mechanistic studies. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:808-816. [PMID: 34994750 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02284a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A transition-metal and hydride-free reductive aldol reaction has been developed for the synthesis of biologically active 3,3'-disubstituted oxindoles from isatin derivatives using rongalite. In this protocol, rongalite plays a dual role as a hydride-free reducing agent and a C1 unit donor. This transition metal-free method enables the synthesis of a wide range of 3-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyloxindoles and 3-amino-3-hydroxymethyloxindoles with 79-96% yields. One-pot reductive hydroxymethylation, inexpensive rongalite (ca. $0.03/1 g), mild reaction conditions and short reaction time are some of the key features of this synthetic method. This protocol is also applicable to gram scale synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaparwathi Golla
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana-506004, India.
| | - Naveenkumar Anugu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana-506004, India.
| | - Swathi Jalagam
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana-506004, India.
| | - Hari Prasad Kokatla
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana-506004, India.
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2
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Gao Q, Jing Q, Chen Y, Sun J, Zhou M. Decarboxylative Amidation of Acrylamides with Oxamic Acids. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202105025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Zhang J, Li J, Ward JS, Truong KN, Rissanen K, Albrecht M. Iron(III) Chloride as a Mild Catalyst for the Dearomatizing Cyclization of N-Acylindoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12160-12174. [PMID: 32856915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic approach for the preparation of indolines by dearomatizing cyclization is presented. FeCl3 acts as a catalyst to afford tetracyclic 5a,6-dihydro-12H-indolo[2,1-b][1,3]benzoxazin-12-ones in good yields. The cyclization also proceeds with tosylamides forming C-N bonds in 53% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhang
- Institut für Organische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Jing Li
- Institut für Organische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Jas S Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Khai-Nghi Truong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Markus Albrecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
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4
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Li T, Liu B, Chen K, Lou Y, Jiang Y, Zhang D. Small molecule compounds promote the proliferation of chondrocytes and chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells in cartilage tissue engineering. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110652. [PMID: 32942151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of tissue engineering to generate cartilage is limited because of low proliferative ability and unstable phenotype of chondrocytes. The sources of cartilage seed cells are mainly chondrocytes and stem cells. A variety of methods have been used to obtain large numbers of chondrocytes, including increasing chondrocyte proliferation and stem cell chondrogenic differentiation via cytokines, genes, and proteins. Natural or synthetic small molecule compounds can provide a simple and effective method to promote chondrocyte proliferation, maintain a stable chondrocyte phenotype, and promote stem cell chondrogenic differentiation. Therefore, the study of small molecule compounds is of great importance for cartilage tissue engineering. Herein, we review a series of small molecule compounds and their mechanisms that can promote chondrocyte proliferation, maintain chondrocyte phenotype, or induce stem cell chondrogenesis. The studies in this field represent significant contributions to the research in cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzhang Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingyue Lou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Zhang L, Xu M, Cao W, Xu X, Ji S. Visible‐Light‐Enabled Multicomponent Cascade Transformation from Indoles to 2‐Azidoindolin‐3‐yl 2‐Aminobenzoates. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling‐Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Meng‐Meng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Bin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Shun‐Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
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6
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Shi Y, Wang G, Chen Z, Wu M, Wang J, Trigoura L, Guo H, Xing Y, Sun S. Synthesis of spiro(indoline‐3,1′‐pyrazolo[1,2‐
a
]pyrazoles) by 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions of isatin
N
,
N
′‐cyclic azomethine imines with alkynes. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Department of ChemistryWilliam Paterson University of New Jersey Wayne New Jersey
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Gangqiang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- Non‐power Nuclear Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & BiologyHubei University of Science and Technology Xianning China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Minghu Wu
- Non‐power Nuclear Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & BiologyHubei University of Science and Technology Xianning China
| | - Jian Wang
- Non‐power Nuclear Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & BiologyHubei University of Science and Technology Xianning China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Leslie Trigoura
- Department of ChemistryWilliam Paterson University of New Jersey Wayne New Jersey
| | - Haibing Guo
- Non‐power Nuclear Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & BiologyHubei University of Science and Technology Xianning China
| | - Yalan Xing
- Department of ChemistryWilliam Paterson University of New Jersey Wayne New Jersey
| | - Shaofa Sun
- Non‐power Nuclear Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & BiologyHubei University of Science and Technology Xianning China
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7
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Karahan S, Tanyeli C. Bifunctional squaramide catalyzed stereoselective Mannich reaction of α-azido ketones with isatin-derived ketimines. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:479-487. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02208b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bifunctional squaramide catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reaction of alpha-azido ketones and isatin derived ketiminines were established for the first time with high stereoselectivity. Adducts are valuable synthons for optically active heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Karahan
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle East Technical University
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Cihangir Tanyeli
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle East Technical University
- Ankara
- Turkey
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8
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Ding R, De los Santos ZA, Wolf C. Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of α-Fluoronitriles with Ketimines: Enantioselective and Diastereodivergent Construction of Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters. ACS Catal 2019; 9:2169-2176. [PMID: 30956891 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b05164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diastereodivergent and enantioselective conversion of isatin ketimines to α-fluoro-β-aminonitriles with vicinal tetrasubstituted stereocenters is achieved by a chiral copper complex/guanidine base catalyzed Mannich reaction with proper choice of the bisphosphine ligand. The reaction is broad in scope, scalable, and provides efficient access to a series of 3-aminoindolinones exhibiting a quaternary carbon-fluorine stereocenter with high yields and stereoselectivities. Selective transformations of the Mannich reaction products into multifunctional 3-aminooxindoles without erosion of enantiomeric and diastereomeric purity highlight the synthetic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ransheng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Zeus A. De los Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Christian Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
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9
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Biosca M, Jackson M, Magre M, Pàmies O, Norrby PO, Diéguez M, Guiry PJ. Enantioselective Synthesis of Sterically Hindered Tertiary α-Aryl Oxindoles via Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Protonation. An Experimental and Theoretical Mechanistic Investigation. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Biosca
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; C/Marcel.lí Domingo, 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Mark Jackson
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Marc Magre
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; C/Marcel.lí Domingo, 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Oscar Pàmies
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; C/Marcel.lí Domingo, 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Per-Ola Norrby
- Early Product Development; Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1; SE-431 83 Mölndal Sweden
| | - Montserrat Diéguez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; C/Marcel.lí Domingo, 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
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10
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Freckleton M, Baeza A, Benavent L, Chinchilla R. Asymmetric Organocatalytic Electrophilic Heterofunctionalization of Oxindoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Freckleton
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica and Dpto. de Química Orgánica; Universidad de Alicante; Apdo. 99 03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Alejandro Baeza
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica and Dpto. de Química Orgánica; Universidad de Alicante; Apdo. 99 03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Llorenç Benavent
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica and Dpto. de Química Orgánica; Universidad de Alicante; Apdo. 99 03080 Alicante Spain
| | - Rafael Chinchilla
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica and Dpto. de Química Orgánica; Universidad de Alicante; Apdo. 99 03080 Alicante Spain
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11
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Varela-Eirin M, Loureiro J, Fonseca E, Corrochano S, Caeiro JR, Collado M, Mayan MD. Cartilage regeneration and ageing: Targeting cellular plasticity in osteoarthritis. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 42:56-71. [PMID: 29258883 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ageing processes play a major contributing role for the development of Osteoarthritis (OA). This prototypic degenerative condition of ageing is the most common form of arthritis and is accompanied by a general decline, chronic pain and mobility deficits. The disease is primarily characterized by articular cartilage degradation, followed by subchondral bone thickening, osteophyte formation, synovial inflammation and joint degeneration. In the early stages, osteoarthritic chondrocytes undergo phenotypic changes that increase cell proliferation and cluster formation and enhance the production of matrix-remodelling enzymes. In fact, chondrocytes exhibit differentiation plasticity and undergo phenotypic changes during the healing process. Current studies are focusing on unravelling whether OA is a consequence of an abnormal wound healing response. Recent investigations suggest that alterations in different proteins, such as TGF-ß/BMPs, NF-Kß, Wnt, and Cx43, or SASP factors involved in signalling pathways in wound healing response, could be directly implicated in the initiation of OA. Several findings suggest that osteoarthritic chondrocytes remain in an immature state expressing stemness-associated cell surface markers. In fact, the efficacy of new disease-modifying OA drugs that promote chondrogenic differentiation in animal models indicates that this may be a drug-sensible state. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge regarding cellular plasticity in chondrocytes and OA. A better comprehension of the mechanisms involved in these processes may enable us to understand the molecular pathways that promote abnormal repair and cartilage degradation in OA. This understanding would be advantageous in identifying novel targets and designing therapies to promote effective cartilage repair and successful joint ageing by preventing functional limitations and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Varela-Eirin
- CellCOM research group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesus Loureiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fonseca
- CellCOM research group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Jose R Caeiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Collado
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria D Mayan
- CellCOM research group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain.
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12
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İşibol D, Karahan S, Tanyeli C. Asymmetric organocatalytic direct Mannich reaction of acetylacetone and isatin derived ketimines: Low catalyst loading in chiral cinchona-squaramides. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Hu S, Zhang J, Jin Q. DMAP-catalyzed alkylation of isatin N,N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipoles with Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00234g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metal-free C(sp3)–H alkylation of an isatin N,N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihe Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
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14
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Chen Q, Xie L, Li Z, Tang Y, Zhao P, Lin L, Feng X, Liu X. Copper/guanidine-catalyzed asymmetric alkynylation of isatin-derived ketimines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:678-681. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08920a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric alkynylation of isatin-derived ketimines was achieved using an easily available chiral guanidine ligand in combination with CuI under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quangang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Lihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Zhaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
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15
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Wang X, Wu L, Yang P, Song XJ, Ren HX, Peng L, Wang LX. Isatin N,N′-Cyclic Azomethine Imine 1,3-Dipole and Base Catalyzed Michael Addition with β-Nitrostyrene via C3 Umpolung of Oxindole. Org Lett 2017; 19:3051-3054. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Jia Song
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Xia Ren
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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16
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Jackson M, O'Broin CQ, Müller-Bunz H, Guiry PJ. Enantioselective synthesis of sterically hindered α-allyl–α-aryl oxindoles via palladium-catalysed decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:8166-8178. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02161e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The highly enantioselective synthesis of sterically hindered α-allyl–α-aryl oxindoles possessing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter at the oxindole 3-position has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jackson
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
| | - Calvin Quince O'Broin
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
| | - Helge Müller-Bunz
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
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17
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Wan W, Li J, Ma G, Chen Y, Jiang H, Deng H, Hao J. Ag(i)-Catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation of difluoroacetates with activated alkenes to form difluorooxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:5308-5317. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00955k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A silver-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylative gem-difluoromethylenation of difluoroacetates with activated alkenes to gem-difluoromethylenated oxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wan
- Department of Chemistry
- Innovative Drug Research Center
- Shanghai University
- China
| | - Jialiang Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Innovative Drug Research Center
- Shanghai University
- China
| | - Guobin Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- Innovative Drug Research Center
- Shanghai University
- China
| | - Yunrong Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Innovative Drug Research Center
- Shanghai University
- China
| | - Haizhen Jiang
- Department of Chemistry
- Innovative Drug Research Center
- Shanghai University
- China
| | - Hongmei Deng
- Laboratory of Microstructures
- Shanghai University
- China
| | - Jian Hao
- Department of Chemistry
- Innovative Drug Research Center
- Shanghai University
- China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
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18
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Lian XL, Meng J, Han ZY. Ru(II)/Organo Relay Catalytic Three-Component Reaction of 3-Diazooxindoles, Amines, and Nitroalkene: Formal Synthesis of (−)-Psychotrimine. Org Lett 2016; 18:4270-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Lian
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Han
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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19
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Jin Y, Jiang M, Wang H, Fu H. Installing amino acids and peptides on N-heterocycles under visible-light assistance. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20068. [PMID: 26830014 PMCID: PMC4735789 DOI: 10.1038/srep20068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Readily available natural α-amino acids are one of nature’s most attractive and versatile building blocks in synthesis of natural products and biomolecules. Peptides and N-heterocycles exhibit various biological and pharmaceutical functions. Conjugation of amino acids or peptides with N-heterocycles provides boundless potentiality for screening and discovery of diverse biologically active molecules. However, it is a great challenge to install amino acids or peptides on N-heterocycles through formation of carbon-carbon bonds under mild conditions. In this article, eighteen N-protected α-amino acids and three peptides were well assembled on phenanthridine derivatives via couplings of N-protected α-amino acid and peptide active esters with substituted 2-isocyanobiphenyls at room temperature under visible-light assistance. Furthermore, N-Boc-proline residue was successfully conjugated with oxindole derivatives using similar procedures. The simple protocol, mild reaction conditions, fast reaction, and high efficiency of this method make it an important strategy for synthesis of diverse molecules containing amino acid and peptide fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Jin
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Hua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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20
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Ravikumar K, Sridhar B, Nanubolu JB, Rajasekaran T, Reddy BVS. Four oxoindole-linked α-alkoxy-β-amino acid derivatives. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2015; 71:322-9. [PMID: 25836294 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229615005604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Four structures of oxoindolyl α-hydroxy-β-amino acid derivatives, namely, methyl 2-{3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-1-methyl-2-oxoindolin-3-yl}-2-methoxy-2-phenylacetate, C24H28N2O6, (I), methyl 2-{3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-1-methyl-2-oxoindolin-3-yl}-2-ethoxy-2-phenylacetate, C25H30N2O6, (II), methyl 2-{3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-1-methyl-2-oxoindolin-3-yl}-2-[(4-methoxybenzyl)oxy]-2-phenylacetate, C31H34N2O7, (III), and methyl 2-[(anthracen-9-yl)methoxy]-2-{3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-1-methyl-2-oxoindolin-3-yl}-2-phenylacetate, C38H36N2O6, (IV), have been determined. The diastereoselectivity of the chemical reaction involving α-diazoesters and isatin imines in the presence of benzyl alcohol is confirmed through the relative configuration of the two stereogenic centres. In esters (I) and (III), the amide group adopts an anti conformation, whereas the conformation is syn in esters (II) and (IV). Nevertheless, the amide group forms intramolecular N-H···O hydrogen bonds with the ester and ether O atoms in all four structures. The ether-linked substituents are in the extended conformation in all four structures. Ester (II) is dominated by intermolecular N-H···O hydrogen-bond interactions. In contrast, the remaining three structures are sustained by C-H···O hydrogen-bond interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Ravikumar
- X-ray Crystallography Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- X-ray Crystallography Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- X-ray Crystallography Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Tamilselvan Rajasekaran
- Natural Product Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Basi Venkata Subba Reddy
- Natural Product Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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21
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Li X, Xu J, Gao Y, Fang H, Tang G, Zhao Y. Cascade Arylalkylation of Activated Alkenes: Synthesis of Chloro- and Cyano-Containing Oxindoles. J Org Chem 2015; 80:2621-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502777b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Li
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key
Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key
Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yuzhen Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key
Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Hua Fang
- The
Third Instiute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Guo Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key
Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key
Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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22
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Zhao K, Shu T, Jia J, Raabe G, Enders D. An organocatalytic Mannich/denitration reaction for the asymmetric synthesis of 3-ethylacetate-substitued 3-amino-2-oxindoles: formal synthesis of AG-041R. Chemistry 2015; 21:3933-6. [PMID: 25630891 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The highly enantioselective organocatalytic addition of ethyl nitroacetate to isatin-derived N-Boc ketimines (Boc = tert-butoxycarbonyl), followed by the removal of the nitro group, is described. The scalable reaction sequence leads to the title compounds as important intermediates of pyrroloindoline alkaloids and related drugs in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. The synthesis of the hexahydrofurano[2,3-b]indole skeleton, the spirocarbamate oxindole unit, and the formal synthesis of AG-041R have been carried out to demonstrate the synthetic utility of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 241-809-2127 http://www.oc.rwth-aachen.de/akenders/AKEN_D.HTM
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23
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Kumar AS, Ramesh P, Kumar GS, Nanubolu JB, Rao TP, Meshram HM. Indium/Fe(iii) – mediated regioselective β-cross-coupling aldol type addition reaction of activated alkenes with isatins/isatinimines in aqueous media. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07216f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient and regioselective β-cross coupling aldol type addition reaction of activated alkenes with isatin/isatinimine derivatives in the presence of Indium/Fe(iii) in THF/H2O at room temperature is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sanjeeva Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Palakuri Ramesh
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - G. Santosh Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Laboratory of X-ray Crystallography
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - T. Prabhakar Rao
- Center for NMR and SC
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - H. M. Meshram
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
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24
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Zhao J, Fang B, Luo W, Hao X, Liu X, Lin L, Feng X. Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters by the Mannich Reaction of Silyl Ketene Imines with Isatin‐Derived Ketimines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaoyu Hao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin (China)
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25
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Zhao J, Fang B, Luo W, Hao X, Liu X, Lin L, Feng X. Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters by the Mannich Reaction of Silyl Ketene Imines with Isatin‐Derived Ketimines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:241-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaoyu Hao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin (China)
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26
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Wang C, Xing D, Wang D, Wu X, Hu W. Synthesis of 3-Amino-3-hydroxymethyloxindoles and 3-Hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyloxindoles by Rh2(OAc)4-Catalyzed Three-Component Reactions of 3-Diazooxindoles with Formaldehyde and Anilines or Water. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3908-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500307n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjin Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Dong Xing
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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27
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Yin H, Wang T, Jiao N. Copper-Catalyzed Oxoazidation and Alkoxyazidation of Indoles. Org Lett 2014; 16:2302-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500793c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Xue
Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Teng Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Xue
Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Xue
Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, 94
Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
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28
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Boominathan M, Nagaraj M, Muthusubramanian S, Bhuvanesh N. Three component synthesis of 2-oxindole via sequential Michael addition, intramolecular cyclization and aromatization. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02091j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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29
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Shi L, Wang Y, Yang H, Fu H. Copper-catalyzed bis-arylations of alkenes leading to oxindole derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:4070-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00576g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A simple and practical copper-catalyzed approach to oxindole derivatives by copper-catalyzed bis-arylation of N-alkyl-N-phenylacrylamides with diaryliodonium triflates has been developed under mild conditions, and the method is of tolerance towards some functional groups in the substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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30
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Yano F, Hojo H, Ohba S, Saito T, Honnami M, Mochizuki M, Takato T, Kawaguchi H, Chung UI. Cell-sheet technology combined with a thienoindazole derivative small compound TD-198946 for cartilage regeneration. Biomaterials 2013; 34:5581-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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31
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Singh A, Loomer AL, Roth GP. Synthesis of Oxindolyl Pyrazolines and 3-Amino Oxindole Building Blocks via a Nitrile Imine [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Strategy. Org Lett 2012; 14:5266-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302425h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Singh
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, 6400 Sanger Road, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Amanda L. Loomer
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, 6400 Sanger Road, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Gregory P. Roth
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, 6400 Sanger Road, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
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32
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Tolstoy P, Lee SXY, Sparr C, Ley SV. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched 3-Amino-2-oxindoles through a Palladium-Mediated Asymmetric Intramolecular Arylation of α-Ketimino Amides. Org Lett 2012; 14:4810-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302119j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Päivi Tolstoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha X. Y. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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33
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Klein JEMN, Taylor RJK. Transition‐Metal‐Mediated Routes to 3,3‐Disubstituted Oxindoles through Anilide Cyclisation. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard J. K. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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34
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Kitamura H, Okazaki M. AG-041R, a novel indoline-2-one derivative, stimulates chondrogenesis in a bipotent chondroprogenitor cell line CL-1. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2005; 13:287-96. [PMID: 15780642 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2004.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2004] [Accepted: 12/24/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the chondrogenic activity of AG-041R and its mode of action in a bipotent chondroprogenitor cell line CL-1. DESIGN Chondrogenic activity of AG-041R in CL-1 was examined by histology, alcian blue pH 1.0 intensity and mRNA expression of cartilage matrix proteins (collagen type II, aggrecan). Chondrogenic activities of other CCK2/gastrin receptor antagonists were also examined. Since TGF-beta1 induces dominant chondrogenesis and suppressed adipogenesis in CL-1, induction of TGF-beta by AG-041R was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Involvement of MAP kinases in the chondrogenic effect of AG-041R in CL-1 was examined by Western blotting and MAP kinase inhibitors. RESULTS AG-041R induced dominant chondrogenesis and marked suppression of adipogenesis in CL-1. Neither of the other CCK2/gastrin receptor antagonists tested showed chondrogenic activity in CL-1. AG-041R increased alcian blue pH 1.0 intensity and mRNA expression of collagen type II and aggrecan. TGF-beta1 and -beta2 proteins were increased by AG-041R. The chondrogenic activity of AG-041R in CL-1 was blocked by TGF-beta neutralizing antibody or inhibitors for activation of latent TGF-beta. AG-041R activated both Erk (p44/42) and p38 MAP kinases in CL-1. Inhibition of Erk (p44/42) by PD98059 canceled the adipogenesis suppression by AG-041R in CL-1. Inhibition of p38 by SB202190 completely canceled the chondrogenic activity of AG-041R in CL-1. CONCLUSION AG-041R has chondrogenic activity in CL-1 not related to CCK2/gastrin receptor antagonism. It is suggested that TGF-beta induction and the activation of MAP kinases mediate the chondrogenic activity of AG-041R in CL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Kitamura
- Fuji-Gotemba Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan.
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Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a regulatory peptide hormone, predominantly found in the gastrointestinal tract, and a neurotransmitter present throughout the nervous system. In the gastrointestinal system CCK regulates motility, pancreatic enzyme secretion, gastric emptying, and gastric acid secretion. In the nervous system CCK is involved in anxiogenesis, satiety, nociception, and memory and learning processes. Moreover, CCK interacts with other neurotransmitters in some areas of the CNS. The biological effects of CCK are mediated by two specific G protein coupled receptor subtypes, termed CCK(1) and CCK(2). Over the past fifteen years the search of CCK receptor ligands has evolved from the initial CCK structure derived peptides towards peptidomimetic or non-peptide agonists and antagonists with improved pharmacokinetic profile. This research has provided a broad assortment of potent and selective CCK(1) and CCK(2) antagonists of diverse chemical structure. These antagonists have been discovered through optimization programs of lead compounds which were designed based on the structures of the C-terminal tetrapeptide, CCK-4, or the non-peptide natural compound, asperlicin, or derived from random screening programs. This review covers the main pharmacological and therapeutic aspects of these CCK(1) and CCK(2) antagonist. CCK(1) antagonists might have therapeutic potential for the treatment of pancreatic disorders and as prokinetics for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, bowel disorders, and gastroparesis. On the other hand, CCK(2) antagonists might have application for the treatment of gastric acid secretion and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Herranz
- Instituto de Química Medica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
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36
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Okazaki M, Higuchi Y, Kitamura H. AG-041R stimulates cartilage matrix synthesis without promoting terminal differentiation in rat articular chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2003; 11:122-32. [PMID: 12554128 DOI: 10.1053/joca.2002.0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AG-041R, a novel indolin-2-one derivative, has recently been demonstrated to induce systemic hyaline cartilage hyperplasia in rats. The aim of this study was to characterize its anabolic actions on chondrocytes. DESIGN Chondrocytes were isolated from knee joints of 5-week-old SD rats. Effects of AG-041R on cartilage matrix synthesis were examined by measuring [(35)S]sulfate incorporation into proteoglycans, Alcian blue staining, and Northern blotting of cartilage matrix genes. ALP activity, mineral deposition and the expression of markers for hypertrophic chondrocytes, were assessed for terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. Roles of endogenous TGF-beta/BMPs and MEK1/Erk signaling in the action of AG-041R were investigated using the neutralizing soluble receptors and the MEK1 inhibitor. RESULTS AG-041R accelerated proteoglycan synthesis assessed by both [(35)S]sulfate incorporation and Alcian blue stainable extracellular matrix accumulation. It also up-regulated the gene expression of type II collagen and aggrecan, as well as tenascin, a marker for articular cartilage. In contrast, AG-041R suppressed ALP activity, mineralization, and the gene expression of type X collagen and Cbfa1, indicating that AG-041R prevents chondrocyte terminal differentiation. AG-041R increased in BMP-2 mRNA, and the neutralizing soluble receptor for BMPs reversed the stimulatory effects of AG-041R on cartilage matrix synthesis. Moreover, AG-041R activated MEK1/Erk pathway, which was revealed to prevent chondrocyte terminal differentiation. CONCLUSION AG-041R stimulates cartilage matrix synthesis without promoting terminal differentiation in rat articular chondrocytes, which is mediated at least in part by endogenous BMPs and Erk. The data demonstrates that AG-041R has a potential to be a useful therapeutic agent for articular cartilage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Okazaki
- Fuji Gotemba Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan.
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Nakanishi T, Kawasaki K, Uchio Y, Kataoka H, Terashima M, Ochi M. AG-041R, a cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor antagonist, stimulates the repair of osteochondral defect in rabbit model. Eur J Pharmacol 2002; 439:135-40. [PMID: 11937103 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A newly synthesized compound (AG-041R), 3R-1-(2,2Diethoxyethyl)-((4methylphenyl) amino-carbonyl methyl)-3-((4methylphenyl) ureido-indoline-2-one), is a cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor antagonist which has stimulatory effects on the matrix synthesis of chondrocytes in vitro. In this study, we examined the effect of AG-041R on the repair of osteochondral defects (cylindrical, 4 mm diameter) in the patellar groove of the rabbit knee joint. At the time of operation, 100 microl of 1 microM of AG-041R was administered, followed by 200 microl with an osmotic pump for 14 days. Histological and biochemical evaluations were performed at 12 and 24 weeks after surgery. The histological score of the AG-041R-treated group, the quantity of glycosaminoglycan and the ratio of chondroitin sulfate in the AG-041R-treated tissue were significantly higher than in the untreated group. Moreover, the degeneration of cartilage around the defect was suppressed in the AG-041R-treated group. These findings suggest that AG-041R is effective for the repair of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Nakanishi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shimane Medical University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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