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Vazquez-Sandoval A, Velez-delValle C, Hernández-Mosqueira C, Marsch-Moreno M, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Kuri-Harcuch W. FAM129B is a cooperative protein that regulates adipogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 638:66-75. [PMID: 36442234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FAM129B is one of Niban-like proteins described in neoplastic cells and implicated in melanoma cell invasion, but no reports have been published on FAM129B and cell differentiation. We show that FAM129B is early and transiently expressed and crucial for 3T3-F442A adipogenesis. Fam129b is expressed downstream of the early genes Cebpb, Klf4, Klf5 and Srebf1a, but upstream of Pparg2 since knockdown of Fam129b blocked Pparg2 expression and adipose differentiation. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta activity, a crucial kinase for adipogenesis, and the ERK1/2 are involved in FAM129B phosphorylation as part of the adipogenic program. Phosphorylated FAM129B is crucial for Pparg2 expression and the lipogenic gene expression downstream of Pparg2, and hence for adipogenesis. Fam129b knockdown reduced adipocyte cluster formation and size, regulating commitment and clonal amplification. In vivo, BAT, inguinal and epidydimal fat expressed Fam129b, suggesting a role in adipose tissue development. We conclude that FAM129B is a cooperative protein that regulates differentiation during the early stages of adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Vazquez-Sandoval
- Department of Cell Biology, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), IPN Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Cristina Velez-delValle
- Department of Cell Biology, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), IPN Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Claudia Hernández-Mosqueira
- Department of Cell Biology, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), IPN Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Meytha Marsch-Moreno
- Department of Cell Biology, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), IPN Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Jorge-Tonatiuh Ayala-Sumuano
- Department of Cell Biology, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), IPN Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, CP 07360, Mexico; Department of Biomedical Research, IDIX Biotech, Avenida de Los Portones 1151, Queretaro, CP 76100, Mexico
| | - Walid Kuri-Harcuch
- Department of Cell Biology, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), IPN Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City, CP 07360, Mexico.
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Onogi Y, Khalil AEMM, Ussar S. Identification and characterization of adipose surface epitopes. Biochem J 2020; 477:2509-2541. [PMID: 32648930 PMCID: PMC7360119 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a central regulator of metabolism and an important pharmacological target to treat the metabolic consequences of obesity, such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Among the various cellular compartments, the adipocyte cell surface is especially appealing as a drug target as it contains various proteins that when activated or inhibited promote adipocyte health, change its endocrine function and eventually maintain or restore whole-body insulin sensitivity. In addition, cell surface proteins are readily accessible by various drug classes. However, targeting individual cell surface proteins in adipocytes has been difficult due to important functions of these proteins outside adipose tissue, raising various safety concerns. Thus, one of the biggest challenges is the lack of adipose selective surface proteins and/or targeting reagents. Here, we discuss several receptor families with an important function in adipogenesis and mature adipocytes to highlight the complexity at the cell surface and illustrate the problems with identifying adipose selective proteins. We then discuss that, while no unique adipocyte surface protein might exist, how splicing, posttranslational modifications as well as protein/protein interactions can create enormous diversity at the cell surface that vastly expands the space of potentially unique epitopes and how these selective epitopes can be identified and targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Onogi
- RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elagamy Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil
- RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Siegfried Ussar
- RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Kuri-Harcuch W, Velez-delValle C, Vazquez-Sandoval A, Hernández-Mosqueira C, Fernandez-Sanchez V. A cellular perspective of adipogenesis transcriptional regulation. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1111-1129. [PMID: 30146705 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adipose cells store lipids in the cytoplasm and signal systemically through secretion of adipokines and other molecules that regulate body energy metabolism. Differentiation of fat cells and its regulation has been the focus of extensive research since the early 1970s. In this review, we had attempted to examine the research bearing on the control of adipose cell differentiation, some of it dating back to the early days when Howard Green and his group described the preadipocyte cell lines 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A during 1974-1975. We also concentrated our attention on research published during the last few years, emphasizing data described on transcription factors that regulate adipose differentiation, outside of those that were reported earlier as part of the canonical adipogenic transcriptional cascade, which has been the subject of ample reviews by several groups of researchers. We focused on the studies carried out with the two preadipocyte cell culture models, the 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A cells that have provided essential data on adipose biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Kuri-Harcuch
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristina Velez-delValle
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Vazquez-Sandoval
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Hernández-Mosqueira
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Veronica Fernandez-Sanchez
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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da Silva SV, Renovato-Martins M, Ribeiro-Pereira C, Citelli M, Barja-Fidalgo C. Obesity modifies bone marrow microenvironment and directs bone marrow mesenchymal cells to adipogenesis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:2522-2532. [PMID: 27753270 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of obesity on the bone marrow microenvironment and evaluate its possible impact on the adipogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). METHODS C57BL/6 male mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. Femurs and tibiae were collected, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) were isolated and analyzed for proliferative potential, immunophenotype, and expression of adipogenesis markers. Their capacity to produce extracellular matrix proteins and proinflammatory cytokines in vitro was also evaluated. RESULTS HFD mice presented a significant increase in bone marrow cellularity and higher tumor necrosis factor-α production in vitro. BM-MSC from HFD mice had higher proliferative capacity, produced more extracellular matrix proteins associated with adipogenesis, collagen I, and collagen IV, and showed increased constitutive expression of adipogenic markers, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and CCAAT/enhanced binding protein family-α, without changes in preadipocyte factor-1 expression. Incubation with adipocyte-differentiation medium induced further increase in CCAAT/enhanced binding protein family-α and augmented adiponectin expression in obese BM-MSC. These alterations did not result in increased adipogenic differentiation within the bone marrow. Moreover, BM-HSC from HFD mice, co-cultivated with BM-MSCs from lean mice, exerted paracrine effects on these cells, inducing augment of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that obesity promotes an inflammatory microenvironment in bone marrow that commits BM-MSC to adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Vargas da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Renovato-Martins
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Ribeiro-Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Citelli
- Departamento de Nutrição Básica e Experimental, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christina Barja-Fidalgo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Cervantes-Camacho C, Beltrán-Langarica A, Ochoa-Uribe AK, Marsch-Moreno M, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Velez-delValle C, Kuri-Harcuch W. The transient expression of Klf4 and Klf5 during adipogenesis depends on GSK3β activity. Adipocyte 2015; 4:248-55. [PMID: 26451280 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2015.1007823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis is regulated by a complex cascade of transcriptional factors, among them KLF4. This factor was previously shown to be necessary for adipose differentiation. We found that GSK3β activity was required for Klf4 and Klf5 expression during adipogenesis. In addition, retinoic acid inhibited Klf4 and Klf5 expression but not that of Cebpb. Protein synthesis inhibition showed that the transient expression of Klf4, Cebpb and Klf5 during early adipogenesis seemed to require a yet unknown protein for their repression. We also found that Klf4 forced expression in 3T3-F442A cells cultured under non-adipogenic conditions did not induce adipogenesis, nor the expression of Cebpb or Klf5, a Cebpb target gene, showing that KLF4 was not sufficient for adipose differentiation to take place. This would suggest that a more complex combination of molecular pathways not yet understood, is involved during early adipogenesis.
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Ayala-Sumuano JT, Vélez-DelValle C, Marsch-Moreno M, Beltrán-Langarica A, Hernández-Mosqueira C, Kuri-Harcuch W. Retinoic Acid Inhibits Adipogenesis Modulating C/EBPβ Phosphorylation and Down Regulating Srebf1a Expression. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:629-37. [PMID: 26271478 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adipogenesis comprises a complex network of signaling pathways and transcriptional cascades; the GSK3β-C/EBPβ-srebf1a axis is a critical signaling pathway at early stages leading to the expression of PPARγ2, the master regulator of adipose differentiation. Previous work has demonstrated that retinoic acid inhibits adipogenesis affecting different signaling pathways. Here, we evaluated the anti-adipogenic effect of retinoic acid on the adipogenic transcriptional cascade, and the expression of adipogenic genes cebpb, srebf1a, srebf1c, pparg2, and cebpa. Our results demonstrate that retinoic acid blocks adipose differentiation during commitment, returning cells to an apparent non-committed state, since they have to be newly induced to adipose conversion after the retinoid is removed from the culture medium. Retinoic acid down regulates the expression of the adipogenic genes, srebf1a, srebf1c, pparg2, and cebpa; however, it did not down regulate the expression of cebpb, but it inhibited C/EBPβ phosphorylation at Thr188, a critical step for the progression of the adipogenic program. We also found that RA inhibition of adipogenesis did not increase the expression of dlk1, the gene encoding for Pref1, a well-known anti-adipogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge-Tonatiuh Ayala-Sumuano
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd, Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Cristina Vélez-DelValle
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Meytha Marsch-Moreno
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alicia Beltrán-Langarica
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Hernández-Mosqueira
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Walid Kuri-Harcuch
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
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Hernández-Mosqueira C, Velez-delValle C, Kuri-Harcuch W. Tissue alkaline phosphatase is involved in lipid metabolism and gene expression and secretion of adipokines in adipocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:2485-96. [PMID: 26391843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alkaline phosphatases are dimeric hydrolytic enzymes that dephosphorylate nucleotides and proteins. AP-TNAP is found primarily in skeletal tissues were it plays a major role in the mineralization of the extracellular matrix and bone formation. METHODS In this study we found through conventional and real time PCR assays that Alpl, the gene encoding for AP-TNAP is expressed in adipose tissue and in 3 T3-F442A adipocytes. We evaluated, using RNAi its role in adipocyte metabolism, and its cytoplasmic location by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Alpl is highly expressed late in adipogenesis during adipose terminal differentiation. Knocking down Alpl increased the expression of the genes encoding for glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, and for the adipokines adiponectin, and FABP4 (aP2) but decreased that of leptin, and it also increased secretion of FABP4; these 3 proteins are important in adipocyte systemic signaling and insulin sensitivity. Inhibition of alkaline phosphatase activity in adipocytes by levamisole reduced lipolysis and the expression of various lipogenic genes. We found the enzyme intracytoplasmically, forming aggregates in close surroundings of the lipid droplets during lipolysis. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that AP-TNAP activity is involved in lipid and energy metabolism of fat cells, and it might regulate glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity via adipokine synthesis and secretion. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The activity of AP-TNAP might have a critical role in the energy balance of the adipocyte, probably participating in obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hernández-Mosqueira
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Apdo. Postal 14-740, México City, 07000, México
| | - Cristina Velez-delValle
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Apdo. Postal 14-740, México City, 07000, México
| | - Walid Kuri-Harcuch
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Apdo. Postal 14-740, México City, 07000, México.
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Wei YT, Xia DS, Yang WK, Wang XG, Chen XZ, Dong NG. Secretion of adipocytes and macrophages under conditions of inflammation and/or insulin resistance and effect of adipocytes on preadipocytes under these conditions. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:663-71. [PMID: 25108329 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914070086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine changes in preadipocytes following the coculture of preadipocytes and adipocytes and the effects on the secretion of adipocytes and macrophages following induction of inflammation and insulin resistance. Mature adipocytes and RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide and insulin to establish models of inflammation and insulin resistance, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α in all adipocyte treatment groups were significantly greater compared with the control, and that of adiponectin was less (P<0.05). In the RAW264.7 macrophages, the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were greater than those in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the results of this study confirmed that adipocytes and macrophages increased the secretion of inflammatory factors under conditions of induced inflammation and insulin resistance. In addition, 3T3-L1 adipocytes inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes when cocultured with adipocytes under conditions of inflammation and/or insulin resistance, and the phenotype of preadipocytes did not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tao Wei
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of Xingjian Production and Construction Corps, Wulumuqi, Xinjiang, 830002, China
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Salazar-Olivo LA, Mejia-Elizondo R, Alonso-Castro AJ, Ponce-Noyola P, Maldonado-Lagunas V, Melendez-Zajgla J, Saavedra-Alanis VM. SerpinA3g participates in the antiadipogenesis and insulin-resistance induced by tumor necrosis factor-α in 3T3-F442A cells. Cytokine 2014; 69:180-8. [PMID: 24973688 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a proven modulator of adipose metabolism, but the mechanisms by which this cytokine affects the development and function of adipose tissue have not been fully elucidated to date. Using differential display analysis, in this study, we demonstrate that gene expression of the serine protease inhibitor A3g (SerpinA3g) is specifically induced in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes by TNF-α but not by other adipogenic inhibitors, such as retinoic acid (RA) or transforming growth factor type beta (TGF-β). The specific induction of SerpinA3g by TNF-α was confirmed by RT-PCR in both preadipose and terminally differentiated 3T3-F442A cells. The knockdown of SerpinA3g using small interfering RNA prevented the antiadipogenesis elicited by TNF-α in 3T3-F442A cells but not the antiadipogenesis induced by RA or TGF-β. SerpinA3g-silenced 3T3-F442A cells also did not display TNF-α-induced insulin resistance. Our results demonstrate that SerpinA3g is specifically induced by TNF-α in 3T3-F442A cells, regardless of their stage of differentiation, and participates in the antiadipogenesis and insulin resistance induced by this cytokine. Our results suggest that SerpinA3g plays a role in the TNF-α modulation of adipose tissue development and metabolism. Additional studies are warranted regarding the mechanisms mediating adipose SerpinA3g effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Salazar-Olivo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Molecular Biology Division, San Luis Potosí, México.
| | - Rebeca Mejia-Elizondo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Molecular Biology Division, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Molecular Biology Division, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Patricia Ponce-Noyola
- Universidad de Guanajuato, Department of Biology, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, Guanajuato, México
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Liu S, Yang Y, Wu J. TNFα-induced up-regulation of miR-155 inhibits adipogenesis by down-regulating early adipogenic transcription factors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 414:618-24. [PMID: 21986534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.09.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is known to inhibit adipogenesis, but the molecular mechanism of this inhibition remains elusive. In the present study, we found that TNFα-induced inhibition of adipogenesis mainly occurs when 3T3-L1 preadipocytes are treated with TNFα within 2h induction of adipogenesis. We revealed that TNFα treatment results in the up-regulation of miR-155 through the NFκB pathway in 3T3-L1 cells. This overexpression of miR-155 may suppress the expression of C/EBPβ and CREB by directly targeting their 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs). Importantly, anti-miR-155 reduces the TNFα-induced inhibition of adipogenesis, whereas exogenous expression of mir-155 inhibits adipogenesis. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel role for TNFα in the regulation of anti-adipogenic miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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11
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Qadir AS, Lee HL, Baek KH, Park HJ, Woo KM, Ryoo HM, Baek JH. Msx2 is required for TNF-α-induced canonical Wnt signaling in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 408:399-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Barrera-Saldaña H, Ascacio-Martínez J, Sifuentes-Rincón A, Arellano-Vera W, Arbiza S. Applications of biotechnology and genomics in goats. Small Rumin Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Lee H, Lee YJ, Choi H, Ko EH, Kim JW. Reactive oxygen species facilitate adipocyte differentiation by accelerating mitotic clonal expansion. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:10601-9. [PMID: 19237544 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m808742200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth-arrested 3T3-L1 preadipocytes rapidly express CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta (C/EBPbeta) upon hormonal induction of differentiation. However, the DNA binding activity of C/EBPbeta is not activated until the cells synchronously reenter S phase during the mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) phase of differentiation. In this period, C/EBPbeta is sequentially phosphorylated by MAPK and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, inducing C/EBPbeta DNA binding activity and transcription of its target genes. Because the DNA binding activity of C/EBPbeta is further enhanced by oxidation in vitro, we investigated how redox state affects C/EBPbeta DNA binding and MCE during adipogenesis. When 3T3-L1 cells were treated with H(2)O(2) and hormonal stimuli, differentiation was accelerated with increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Interestingly, cell cycle progression (S to G(2)/M phase) was markedly enhanced by H(2)O(2), whereas antioxidants caused an S phase arrest during the MCE. H(2)O(2) treatment resulted in the early appearance of a punctate pattern observed by immunofluorescent staining of C/EBPbeta, which is a hallmark for C/EBPbeta binding to regulatory elements, whereas a short antioxidant treatment rapidly dispersed the centromeric localization of C/EBPbeta. Consistently, reactive oxygen species production was increased during 3T3-L1 differentiation. Our results indicate that redox-induced C/EBPbeta DNA binding activity, along with the dual phosphorylation of C/EBPbeta, is required for the MCE and terminal differentiation of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haemi Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Chronic Metabolic Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Korea
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Herrera-Herrera ML, Salazar-Olivo LA. RFamide neuropeptides inhibit murine and human adipose differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 377:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Ayala-Sumuano JT, Valle CVD, Beltrán-Langarica A, Hernández JM, Kuri-Harcuch W. Adipogenic genes on induction and stabilization of commitment to adipose conversion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 374:720-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.07.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Diaz-Velasquez CE, Castro-Muñozledo F, Kuri-Harcuch W. Staurosporine rapidly commits 3T3-F442A cells to the formation of adipocytes by activation of GSK-3β and mobilization of calcium. J Cell Biochem 2008; 105:147-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cawthorn WP, Heyd F, Hegyi K, Sethi JK. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibits adipogenesis via a beta-catenin/TCF4(TCF7L2)-dependent pathway. Cell Death Differ 2007; 14:1361-73. [PMID: 17464333 PMCID: PMC4303765 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4402127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a proinflammatory cytokine, is a potent negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation. However, the mechanism of TNF-alpha-mediated antiadipogenesis remains incompletely understood. In this study, we first confirm that TNF-alpha inhibits adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by preventing the early induction of the adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha (C/EBPalpha). This suppression coincides with enhanced expression of several reported mediators of antiadipogenesis that are also targets of the Wnt/beta-catenin/T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) pathway. Indeed, we found that TNF-alpha enhanced TCF4-dependent transcriptional activity during early antiadipogenesis, and promoted the stabilisation of beta-catenin throughout antiadipogenesis. We analysed the effect of TNF-alpha on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells in which beta-catenin/TCF signalling was impaired, either via stable knockdown of beta-catenin, or by overexpression of dominant-negative TCF4 (dnTCF4). The knockdown of beta-catenin enhanced the adipogenic potential of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and attenuated TNF-alpha-induced antiadipogenesis. However, beta-catenin knockdown also promoted TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in these cells. In contrast, overexpression of dnTCF4 prevented TNF-alpha-induced antiadipogenesis but showed no apparent effect on cell survival. Finally, we show that TNF-alpha-induced antiadipogenesis and stabilisation of beta-catenin requires a functional death domain of TNF-alpha receptor 1 (TNFR1). Taken together these data suggest that TNFR1-mediated death domain signals can inhibit adipogenesis via a beta-catenin/TCF4-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- WP Cawthorn
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - F Heyd
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - K Hegyi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - JK Sethi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Corresponding author: JK Sethi, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 232, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QR, UK. Tel: + 44 1223 762633; Fax: + 44 1223 330598;
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Reyes-Ruíz JM, Ascacio-Martínez JA, Barrera-Saldaña HA. Derivation of a growth hormone gene cassette for goat by mutagenesis of the corresponding bovine construct and its expression in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 28:1019-25. [PMID: 16799765 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-006-9034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH), a 191-aa polypeptide that affects animal growth and lactation, has been used for several years to increase milk production in dairy cattle. It has also been used in goats (Capra hircus) instead of their own hormone (chGH), which is still not available in the market. Since both hormones differ in only one amino acid residue, a strategy based on PCR mediated site-directed mutagenesis, was used to convert the bGH expression cassette harbored by an integration plasmid for Pichia pastoris into a chGH. Transformation by homologous recombination of Pichia pastoris GS115 strain with the linearized new plasmid resulted in transformants that, upon fermentation and induction with methanol, secreted a band with the expected size and immunoreactivity for GH. Production of total proteins secreted into culture medium (50 ml) was 20 microg/ml, of which 60% was chGH as judged by densitometry in SDS-PAGE. Its biological activity was confirmed in vitro when 3T3 pre-adipocytes exposed to the induced culture medium differentiated into adipocytes in cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Reyes-Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería y Expresión Genéticas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Col. Mitras Centro, 64460 Monterrey, NL, México
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Jeyakumar SM, Vajreswari A, Giridharan NV. Chronic dietary vitamin A supplementation regulates obesity in an obese mutant WNIN/Ob rat model. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14:52-9. [PMID: 16493122 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2006.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the possible role of chronic dietary high vitamin A supplementation in body weight regulation and obesity using a novel WNIN/Ob obese rat model developed at the National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences of National Institute of Nutrition, India. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES Thirty-six 7-month-old male rats of lean, carrier, and obese phenotypes were broadly divided into two groups; each group was subdivided into three subgroups consisting of six lean, six carrier, and six obese rats and received diets containing either 2.6 or 129 mg vitamin A/kg of diet for 2 months. Body weight gain, food intake, and weights of various organs were recorded. Adiposity index and BMI were calculated. Serum and liver retinol and brown adipose tissue (BAT)-uncoupling protein1 (UCP1) mRNA expression levels were quantified. RESULTS Chronic feeding of high but non-toxic doses of vitamin A through diet significantly reduced (P < or = 0.05) body weight gain, adiposity index, and retroperitoneal white adipose tissue mass (without affecting food intake) in obese rats compared with their lean and carrier counterparts. In general, vitamin A treatment significantly improved hepatic retinol stores (P < or = 0.05) in all phenotypes without affecting serum free retinol levels. However, augmented BAT-UCP1 expression was observed only in carrier and obese rats (whose basal expression was low). DISCUSSION Our data suggest that chronic dietary vitamin A supplementation at high doses effectively regulates obesity in obese phenotype of the WNIN/Ob strain, possibly through up-regulation of the BAT-UCP1 gene and associated adipose tissue loss. However, in vitamin A-supplemented lean and carrier rats, changes in adiposity could not be related to BAT-UCP1 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam M Jeyakumar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad 500 007, Andra Pradesh, India
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Pinent M, Bladé MC, Salvadó MJ, Arola L, Hackl H, Quackenbush J, Trajanoski Z, Ardévol A. Grape-seed derived procyanidins interfere with adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells at the onset of differentiation. Int J Obes (Lond) 2005; 29:934-41. [PMID: 15917849 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our group's previous results on the effects of a grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) on adipose metabolism showed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) plays a central role in the lipolytic effects of GSPE on adipocytes. Since PPARgamma2 is a main regulator of the differentiation process of adipocytes, we investigated whether GSPE affects the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. DESIGN We performed a time point screening by treating 3T3-L1 cells with GSPE during the differentiation process for 24 h. MEASUREMENTS Differentiation markers and differential gene expression due to GSPE treatment (using the microarray technique). RESULTS Twenty four hour-GSPE treatment at the onset of differentiation reduces adipose-specific markers and maintains the expression of preadipocyte marker preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) significantly elevated. These effects were not found in other time points. Microarray analysis of gene expression after GSPE treatment at the early stage of differentiation showed a modified gene expression profile in which cell cycle and growth-related genes were downregulated by GSPE. CONCLUSION These results suggest that GSPE affects adipogenesis, mainly at the induction of differentiation, and that procyanidins may have a new role in which they impede the formation of adipose cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pinent
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
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Rim JS, Mynatt RL, Gawronska-Kozak B. Mesenchymal stem cells from the outer ear: a novel adult stem cell model system for the study of adipogenesis. FASEB J 2005; 19:1205-7. [PMID: 15857881 DOI: 10.1096/fj.04-3204fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Adipocytes arise from multipotent stem cells of mesodermal origin, which also give rise to the muscle, bone, and cartilage lineages. However, signals and early molecular events that commit multipotent stem cells into the adipocyte lineage are not well established mainly due to lack of an adequate model system. We have identified a novel source of adult stem cells from the external murine ears referred to here as an ear mesenchymal stem cells (EMSC). EMSC have been isolated from several standard and mutant strains of mice. They are self-renewing, clonogenic, and multipotent, since they give rise to osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. The in vitro characterization of EMSC indicates very facile adipogenic differentiation. Morphological, histochemical, and molecular analysis after the induction of differentiation showed that EMSC maintain adipogenic potentials up to fifth passage. A comparison of EMSC to the stromal-vascular (S-V) fraction of fat depots, under identical culture conditions (isobutyl-methylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin), revealed much more robust and consistent adipogenesis in EMSC than in the S-V fraction. In summary, we show that EMSC can provide a novel, easily obtainable, primary culture model for the study of adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Seop Rim
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
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