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Metallinou C, Staneloudi C, Nikolettos K, Asimakopoulos B. NGF, EPO, and IGF-1 in the Male Reproductive System. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2918. [PMID: 38792459 PMCID: PMC11122040 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated interesting results considering the implication of three growth factors (GFs), namely nerve growth factor (NGF), erythropoietin (EPO), and the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) in the physiology of male reproductive functions. This review provides insights into the effects of NGF, EPO, and IGF-1 on the male reproductive system, emphasizing mainly their effects on sperm motility and vitality. In the male reproductive system, the expression pattern of the NGF system varies according to the species and testicular development, playing a crucial role in morphogenesis and spermatogenesis. In humans, it seems that NGF positively affects sperm motility parameters and NGF supplementation in cryopreservation media improves post-thaw sperm motility. In animals, EPO is found in various male reproductive tissues, and in humans, the protein is present in seminal plasma and testicular germ cells. EPO receptors have been discovered in the plasma membrane of human spermatozoa, suggesting potential roles in sperm motility and vitality. In humans, IGF-1 is expressed mainly in Sertoli cells and is present in seminal plasma, contributing to cell development and the maturation of spermatozoa. IGF-1 seems to modulate sperm motility, and treatment with IGF-1 has a positive effect on sperm motility and vitality. Furthermore, lower levels of NGF or IGF-1 in seminal plasma are associated with infertility. Understanding the mechanisms of actions of these GFs in the male reproductive system may improve the outcome of sperm processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chryssa Metallinou
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.M.); (K.N.)
| | - Chrysovalanto Staneloudi
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Nikolettos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.M.); (K.N.)
| | - Byron Asimakopoulos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.M.); (K.N.)
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Fu L, Yuen KCJ, Tint AN, Hoffman AR, Bongso AT, Lee KO. Association of decreased sperm motility and increased seminal plasma IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and PSA levels in infertile men. Endocrine 2021; 74:698-706. [PMID: 34273055 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02823-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have suggested the involvement of serum insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the regulation of the female reproductive system. Little is known of these peptides in the seminal plasma (SP) of men and their potential effects on fertility. We assessed SP levels of these peptides in infertile men with low sperm motility (asthenozoospermic; AZ) and low sperm counts (oligozoospermic; OZ), its effects on in vivo sperm motility, and whether there is a correlation with aging. METHODS Twenty-eight infertile men (AZ; n = 18 and OZ; n = 10) and 20 fertile normozoospermic (NZ) men were studied. Seminal plasma IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were measured, and spermatozoa mRNA transcript patterns were examined. RESULTS Asthenozoospermic men had higher SP IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and PSA levels than NZ and OZ men, whereas SP IGFBP-3 levels were similar between the three groups. Sperm count positively correlated with SP IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-2; sperm motility negatively correlated with SP IGF-II and IGFBP-2; and age correlated positively with SP IGF-II. The expression of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA and mRNA receptors was detectable, but no variations in transcript levels were noted. CONCLUSION Decreased sperm motility, but not sperm count, in infertile AZ men is associated with increased SP IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and PSA levels. Changes in SP IGFs and their interactions with IGFBPs and IGF receptors, and PSA levels suggest a role of these SP peptides in modulating sperm motility and possibly prostate disease development in aging men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Kevin C J Yuen
- Barrow Pituitary Center, Department of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
| | - Aye Nyein Tint
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Andrew R Hoffman
- Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ariff T Bongso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Kok Onn Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
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3
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Muresanu C, Somasundaram SG, Vissarionov SV, Gavryushova LV, Nikolenko VN, Mikhaleva LM, Kirkland CE, Aliev G. Hypothetical Role of Growth Factors to Reduce Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Significantly through Trained Biological Transformations. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2221-2230. [PMID: 33076800 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201019104201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the evidence of little or no therapeutic benefit of injection-based growth factor therapies, it has been proposed that a naturally triggered uninterrupted blood circulation of the growth factors would be superior. OBJECTIVE We seek to stimulate discussions and more research about the possibility of using the already available growth factors found in the prostate gland and endometrium by starting novel educable physiology, known as biological transformations controlled by the mind. METHODS We summarized the stretch-gated ion channel mechanism of the cell membrane and offer several practical methods that can be applied by anyone, in order to stimulate and enhance the blood circulation of the growth factors from the seminal fluid to sites throughout the body. This study describes, in detail, the practical application of our earlier published studies about biological transformations. RESULTS A previously reported single-patient case study has been extended, adding more from his personal experiences to continually improve this novel physiological training and extending the ideas from our earlier findings in detail. CONCLUSION The biological transformation findings demonstrate the need for additional research to establish the benefits of these natural therapies to repair and rejuvenate tissues affected by various chronic diseases or aging processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Muresanu
- Research Center for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapies (BIODIATECH), Str. Trifoiului nr. 12 G, 400478, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Siva G Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV 26426, United States
| | - Sergey V Vissarionov
- Department of Spinal Pathology and Neurosurgery, Turner Scientific and Research Institute for Children's Orthopedics, Street Parkovskya 64-68, Pushkin, Saint-Petersburg, 196603, Russian Federation
| | - Liliya V Gavryushova
- Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, 410012, Saratov, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3, Tsyurupy Str., Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV 26426, United States
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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Kawahara T, Teramoto Y, Li Y, Ishiguro H, Gordetsky J, Yang Z, Miyamoto H. Impact of Vasectomy on the Development and Progression of Prostate Cancer: Preclinical Evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2295. [PMID: 32824199 PMCID: PMC7464827 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Some observational studies have implied a link between vasectomy and an elevated risk of prostate cancer. We investigated the impact of vasectomy on prostate cancer outgrowth, mainly using preclinical models. Neoplastic changes in the prostate were compared in transgenic TRAMP mice that underwent vasectomy vs. sham surgery performed at 4 weeks of age. One of the molecules identified by DNA microarray (i.e., ZKSCAN3) was then assessed in radical prostatectomy specimens and human prostate cancer lines. At 24 weeks, gross tumor (p = 0.089) and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (p = 0.036) occurred more often in vasectomized mice. Vasectomy significantly induced ZKSCAN3 expression in prostate tissues from C57BL/6 mice and prostate cancers from TRAMP mice. Immunohistochemistry showed increased ZKSCAN3 expression in adenocarcinoma vs. prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), PIN vs. non-neoplastic prostate, Grade Group ≥3 vs. ≤2 tumors, pT3 vs. pT2 tumors, pN1 vs. pN0 tumors, and prostate cancer from patients with a history of vasectomy. Additionally, strong (2+/3+) ZKSCAN3 expression (p = 0.002), as an independent prognosticator, or vasectomy (p = 0.072) was associated with the risk of tumor recurrence. In prostate cancer lines, ZKSCAN3 silencing resulted in significant decreases in cell proliferation/migration/invasion. These findings suggest that there might be an association between vasectomy and the development and progression of prostate cancer, with up-regulation of ZKSCAN3 expression as a potential underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kawahara
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.); (H.I.); (J.G.); (Z.Y.)
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Departments of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Yuki Teramoto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.); (H.I.); (J.G.); (Z.Y.)
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.); (H.I.); (J.G.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Hitoshi Ishiguro
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.); (H.I.); (J.G.); (Z.Y.)
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Jennifer Gordetsky
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.); (H.I.); (J.G.); (Z.Y.)
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Zhiming Yang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.); (H.I.); (J.G.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.L.); (H.I.); (J.G.); (Z.Y.)
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Lee HS, Park YS, Lee JS, Seo JT. Serum and seminal plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 in male infertility. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2016; 43:97-101. [PMID: 27358827 PMCID: PMC4925873 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2016.43.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growth hormone and its mediator, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), have been suggested to exert gonadotropic actions in both humans and animals. The present study was conducted to assess the relationship between serum IGF-1 concentration, seminal plasma concentration, and sperm parameter abnormalities. METHODS A total of 79 men were enrolled in this study from December 2011 to July 2012 and were prospectively analyzed. Patient parameters analyzed included age, body mass index, smoking status, urological history, and fertility history. Patients were divided into four groups based on their semen parameters: normal (A, n=31), abnormal sperm motility (B, n=12), abnormal sperm morphology (C, n=20), and two or more abnormal parameters (D, n=16). Patient seminal plasma and serum IGF-1 concentrations were determined. RESULTS Patient baseline characteristics were not significantly different between any of the groups. The serum IGF-1 levels in groups B, C, and D were significantly lower than the levels in group A; however, the seminal plasma IGF-1 levels were not significantly different between any of the groups. CONCLUSION Men with abnormal sperm parameters had significantly lower levels of serum IGF-1 compared with men with normal sperm parameters. Seminal plasma IGF-1 levels, however, did not differ significantly between the groups investigated here. Further investigations will be required to determine the exact mechanisms by which growth hormone and IGF-1 affect sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Serk Lee
- Department of Urology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Seog Park
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology and Infertility, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong Shik Lee
- Department of Urology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Tae Seo
- Department of Urology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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6
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Del Giudice PT, Belardin LB, Camargo M, Zylbersztejn DS, Carvalho VM, Cardozo KHM, Bertolla RP, Cedenho AP. Determination of testicular function in adolescents with varicocoele - a proteomics approach. Andrology 2016; 4:447-55. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. T. Del Giudice
- Division of Urology; Human Reproduction Section; Department of Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - L. B. Belardin
- Division of Urology; Human Reproduction Section; Department of Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. Camargo
- Division of Urology; Human Reproduction Section; Department of Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - D. S. Zylbersztejn
- Division of Urology; Human Reproduction Section; Department of Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Hospital São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - R. P. Bertolla
- Division of Urology; Human Reproduction Section; Department of Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Hospital São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - A. P. Cedenho
- Division of Urology; Human Reproduction Section; Department of Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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Gaines AR, Vidal AC, Freedland SJ. Vasectomy: potential links to an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 15:1123-5. [PMID: 26402245 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2015.1086648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have found associations between aggressive prostate cancer (PC) and having a vasectomy. However, findings from two very recent meta-analyses have found that this is not the case. Therefore, the data are mixed. Herein, we detail the controversy between vasectomy and PC risk, particularly aggressive PC, by shedding some light on the molecular pathways, potential risk factors and suggested links for those considering vasectomy and medical professionals who perform it. We conclude by supporting the American Urological Association's position that there is no need to discuss potential prostate cancer risks with patients considering vasectomy given reasonably strong data finding no link between vasectomy and prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis R Gaines
- a 1 Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,c 3 Center for Integrated Research in Cancer and Lifestyle, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adriana C Vidal
- a 1 Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,c 3 Center for Integrated Research in Cancer and Lifestyle, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- a 1 Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,b 2 Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,c 3 Center for Integrated Research in Cancer and Lifestyle, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,d 4 Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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8
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Naderi G, Mohseni Rad H, Tabassomi F, Latif A. Seminal insulin-like growth factor-I may be involved in the pathophysiology of infertility among patients with clinical varicocele. HUM FERTIL 2014; 18:92-5. [DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2014.965759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Relationship between substances in seminal plasma and Acrobeads Test∗ results. Fertil Steril 2009; 91:179-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Revised: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Terada H, Fujita K, Otsuka A, Shinbo H, Mugiya S, Ozono S. Oral clonidine advances spermatogenesis in oligozoospermic patients with spermatogenetic maturation arrest. Int J Urol 2005; 12:815-20. [PMID: 16201978 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01144.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth hormone (GH) plays an important role in the pubertal development of males and females, and influences the male reproductive function after puberty. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cause of GH deficiency in infertile men with spermatogenetic maturation arrest using the clonidine loading test (GH stimulation test). Based on the results of the loading test, we tried to con fi rm whether clonidine might be usable as a male infertility remedy. METHODS We studied 75 infertile men (55 oligozoospermic and 20 azoospermic men) and 25 normal fertile volunteers. We used the oral clonidine (0.15 mg/m2) loading test to evaluate the GH secretory reserve. Histological diagnoses were performed using testicular biopsy and testicular sperm extraction specimens. RESULTS The most important finding was that the clonidine loading test caused a good response in 41 out of 55 (74.6%) patients with oligozoospermia. We treated these 41 good-response patients with oral clonidine, and the sperm count improved in 34 (82.9%) cases, increasing to 12-79 million/mL. Spontaneous pregnancy was subsequently achieved by 10 (24.4%) couples. CONCLUSIONS These findings also suggest that GH is necessary for spermatogenesis, at least for the process of spermatozoa maturation. Oral clonidine therapy improved the sperm count in patients who showed an excessive response to the clonidine loading test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Terada
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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11
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Macpherson ML, Simmen RCM, Simmen FA, Hernandez J, Sheerin BR, Varner DD, Loomis P, Cadario ME, Miller CD, Brinsko SP, Rigby S, Blanchard TL. Insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 and -5 in equine seminal plasma: association with sperm characteristics and fertility. Biol Reprod 2002; 67:648-54. [PMID: 12135910 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod67.2.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were 1) to determine whether insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) were present in seminal plasma of stallions; 2) to compare semen parameters (IGF proteins, sperm numbers, morphology, and motility) from stallions at sexual rest (SR) and when sexually active (SA); 3) to compare semen parameters between stallions with high and low seminal plasma IGF-I concentrations; and 4) to examine the relationship between seminal plasma IGF-I concentrations and fertility parameters of stallions. Ejaculates were collected from stallions at SR (n = 51) and SA (n = 46). Concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-2 in seminal plasma samples were determined by radioimmunoassay. Presence of IGFBPs in equine seminal plasma was verified using immunoprecipitation and Western ligand blot procedures. IGF-I, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-5 were present in equine seminal plasma. Concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-I/protein, total IGF-I, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-2/protein, and total IGFBP-2 were not significantly different (P > or = 0.13) in seminal plasma between stallions at either SR or SA. At SR, stallions with higher seminal plasma IGF-I had more total IGFBP-2 per ejaculate (P < 0.01), more morphologically normal sperm (P = 0.05), and higher first-cycle pregnancy rates (P = 0.02). At SA, stallions with higher seminal plasma IGF-I had fewer cycles per pregnancy (P = 0.02). An association of seminal plasma IGF-I concentration with sperm motility, sperm morphology, and pregnancy rates in bred mares suggests that IGF-I may play a role in sperm function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Macpherson
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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12
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Naz RK, Padman P. Identification of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 receptor in human sperm cell. ARCHIVES OF ANDROLOGY 1999; 43:153-9. [PMID: 10543578 DOI: 10.1080/014850199262661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine the presence of insulin-like growth factor- receptor (IGF-1R) in human sperm cell. The IGF-1R monoclonal antibody (MAb) specifically immunoprecipitated two protein bands of approximately 135 and approximately 220 kD, respectively, from the reduced human sperm extract. These bands correspond to the alpha-subunit and partially reduced IGF-1R molecule, respectively. The immunocytochemistry experiments indicated the presence of IGF-1R primarily in the equatorial regions, along with a weak binding in the acrosomal regions of human spermatozoa. These data indicate that the IGF-1 receptor is present in the human sperm cell. Since the IGF-1 receptor has tyrosine kinase activity and its ligand IGF-1 is present in the seminal plasma, the IGF-1 system (IGF-1R/IGF-1/IGF-binding protein) may be involved in the signal transduction pathway leading to sperm capacitation and acrosome exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Naz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43614-5806, USA.
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13
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Vickers MH, Casey PJ, Champion ZJ, Gravance CG, Breier BH. IGF-I treatment increases motility and improves morphology of immature spermatozoa in the GH-deficient dwarf (dw/dw) rat. Growth Horm IGF Res 1999; 9:236-240. [PMID: 10512689 DOI: 10.1054/ghir.1999.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been shown that short-term growth hormone (GH) treatment can increase the motility of spermatozoa in the GH-deficient dw/dw rat. To examine whether the effects of GH on motility of immature spermatozoa are mediated by an increase in plasma concentrations of IGF-I, we treated GH-deficient dw/dw rats with 2 microg/g/day of IGF-I using osmotic minipumps. Body weight (saline 227+/-5 g, IGF-I 253+/-4 g) and IGF-I concentrations in blood plasma (saline 472+/-19.9 ng/ml, IGF-I 986+/-43.6 ng/ml) and seminal vesicle fluid (saline 30.9+/-1.7 ng/ml, IGF-I 47.9+/-2.9 ng/ml) were significantly increased with IGF-I treatment (P<0.001), similar to the observed responses to GH therapy in our earlier study. While epididymal fluid IGF-I concentrations were not changed, IGF-I treatment significantly increased the number of immature motile spermatozoa (saline 14.4+/-3.5%, IGF-I 28.3+/-4.1%, P<0.05) and the number of spermatozoa with normal morphology (control 65.7+/-3.3%, IGF-I 75+/-1.9%, P<0.05). These data suggest that increasing the circulating concentrations of IGF-I in the GH-deficient rat can improve the motility and morphology of immature spermatozoa and thus mimic, at least in part, the effects of GH.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Vickers
- Research Centre for Developmental Medicine and Biology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Hoeflich A, Reichenbach HD, Schwartz J, Grupp T, Weber MM, Föll J, Wolf E. Insulin-like growth factors and IGF-binding proteins in bovine seminal plasma. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1999; 17:39-51. [PMID: 10484129 DOI: 10.1016/s0739-7240(99)00023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is an important factor for germ cell development and maturation of spermatozoa. Actions of IGFs are modulated by IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) that may, depending on their concentration and site of expression, inhibit or enhance effects of IGF-I. We characterized IGFs and IGFBPs in seminal plasma from bulls routinely used for artificial insemination (AI) and from bulls producing poor-quality semen (low mass and individual motility of spermatozoa). IGFs were measured by specific radioimmunoassay in 22 samples of seminal plasma from nine different AI bulls with high (> 76.8%), average (72.8-73.4%), or low (< 69.5%) nonreturn rate (NRR). IGF-I and IGF-II levels were 144 +/- 9 ng/ml (mean +/- SE; range, 79-238 ng/ml) and 144 +/- 10 ng/ml (range, 55-221 ng/ml), respectively, and did not correlate with NRRs. IGF-I concentrations in seminal plasma from bulls producing poor-quality semen (n = 10) were significantly (P < 0.05) greater (194 +/- 26 ng/ml; range, 94-370 ng/ml), whereas IGF-II levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower (93 +/- 17 ng/ml; range, 38-183 ng/ml) than in AI bulls. Ligand blot analysis of seminal plasma for IGFBPs revealed the presence of a 38-/45-kDa doublet band and a 30-kDa IGFBP. These IGFBPs were identified as IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5, respectively, by immunoprecipitation using specific antibodies. In addition, a low amount of IGFBP-4 was detected in bovine seminal plasma by immunoprecipitation. There was a marked difference in the activity of IGFBPs between individual bulls, with a relatively small within-bull variance. The differences in IGFBP activities did not correlate with the fertilization capacity of the bulls in vivo or in vitro nor with immunoreactive IGF-I and IGF-II levels in seminal plasma. Our results demonstrate the presence of IGFBPs in bovine seminal plasma. In contrast to human seminal plasma, high activity of IGFBP-3 was detected in seminal plasma of some bulls, suggesting species-specific regulation of IGFBP activity by proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hoeflich
- Institut für Molekulare Tierzucht, Genzentrum, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
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15
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Karbe E, Hartmann E, George C, Wadsworth P, Harleman J, Geiss V. Similarities between the uterine decidual reaction and the "mesenchymal lesion" of the urinary bladder in aging mice. EXPERIMENTAL AND TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE GESELLSCHAFT FUR TOXIKOLOGISCHE PATHOLOGIE 1998; 50:330-40. [PMID: 9784005 DOI: 10.1016/s0940-2993(98)80013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The histopathologic characteristics of the decidual reaction in the uterus of aging mice and the "mesenchymal lesion/tumor" in the urinary bladder of aging mice are compared and found to be very similar. Both lesions consist of spindle and epithelioid cells, may contain round eosinophilic granules and possess nuclear progesterone receptors and cytoplasmic desmin. The decidual reaction derives from endometrial stromal cells, while the "mesenchymal lesion" apparently develops from mesenchymal cells near the trigone area, carrying or developing progesterone receptors. If the hypothesis is accepted that in aging mice the uterine decidual reaction and the "mesenchymal lesion" in the urinary bladder represent an equivalent type of tissue reaction, then it follows that the typical "mesenchymal lesion" is not a tumor and could be called more specifically "decidual-like reaction".
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Affiliation(s)
- E Karbe
- Bayer AG, PH-PDT Toxicologic Pathology, Pharma Research Center, Wuppertal, Germany.
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16
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DeWitt DE. Surgery of the Male Genital Tract. Fam Med 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-2947-4_99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Ovesen P, Jørgensen JO, Ingerslev J, Ho KK, Orskov H, Christiansen JS. Growth hormone treatment of subfertile males. Fertil Steril 1996; 66:292-8. [PMID: 8690119 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study spermatogenesis and sperm motility during GH therapy in infertile men. DESIGN Prospective open study. Each patient was treated with GH for 12 weeks and followed for a total of 36 weeks with sampling of blood and semen. SETTING Outpatients studied at a clinical research unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS Nine oligozoospermic (<5 x 10(6) sperm/mL) males and nine asthenozoospermic (percentage motile sperm <30 and >15 x 10(6) sperm/mL) males. The patient groups had a significantly lower GH response to an arginine GH stimulation test as compared with a control group. RESULTS Serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and serum IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) levels increased significantly during GH treatment, as did seminal IGF-I. Serum E2, T, PRL, FSH, LH, and GH-binding protein were unchanged during the study. Sperm motility was increased significantly during GH treatment in both patient groups. There was no difference in sperm count during the treatment. There were three pregnancies in the nine couples from the asthenozoospermic group and no pregnancies in the oligozoospermic group. CONCLUSION The biologic and clinical results in this study encourage the initiation of double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ovesen
- Aarhus Kommunehospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Anapliotou MG, Evagellou E, Kastanias I, Liparaki M, Psara P, Goulandris N. Effect of growth hormone cotreatment with human chorionic gonadotropin in testicular steroidogenesis and seminal insulin-like growth factor-1 in oligozoospermia. Fertil Steril 1996; 66:305-11. [PMID: 8690121 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the GH synergy with hCG in testicular steroidogenesis and seminal insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in oligozoospermia. SETTING University endocrine unit. PATIENTS Eight oligospermic, non-GH-deficient men. INTERVENTIONS Three different protocols spaced 3 months apart were applied in each man: plain hCG protocol: 1,500 IU IM three times every other day; GH + hCG protocol: with the addition of 4 IU SC GH daily 8 days before and throughout the hCG phase; placebo + hCG: substitution of GH by NaCL 0.9%. Blood sampling was performed before and on the 8th day (for 2nd- and 3rd-day protocols) and 24 hours after each hCG administration. Semen was collected three times during each protocol. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Plasma for P, 17-OHP, androstenedione, DHEA, DHEAS, T, and E2 and plasma and seminal IGF-1 three times during each study. RESULTS Serum IGF-1 levels increased more than threefold after GH administration. Seminal IGF-1 activity was unaffected by GH treatment or hCG administration, showing random fluctuations within each subject without correlation to the respective plasma levels. The incremental response of each steroid under hCG did not differ between the three protocols, apart from increased P levels under GH. CONCLUSIONS Short-term GH cotreatment with hCG did not affect seminal IGF-1 concentration and had a weak synergist effect on steroidogenesis.
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