1
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Rondeau V, Berman JM, Ling T, O'Brien C, Culp-Hill R, Reisz JA, Wunderlich M, Chueh Y, Jiménez-Camacho KE, Sexton C, Carter KM, Stillwell C, St-Germain J, Yendi D, Gupta A, Shi M, Bourdine A, Paralkar VR, Jahangiri S, Hope KJ, Tikhonova AN, Arruda A, Minden MD, Raught B, D'Alessandro A, Jones CL. Spermidine metabolism regulates leukemia stem and progenitor cell function through KAT7 expression in patient-derived mouse models. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadn1285. [PMID: 39321266 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adn1285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a devastating disease initiated and maintained by a rare subset of cells called leukemia stem cells (LSCs). LSCs are responsible for driving disease relapse, making the development of new therapeutic strategies to target LSCs urgently needed. The use of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling has enabled the discovery of unique and targetable metabolic properties in LSCs. However, we do not have a comprehensive understanding of metabolite differences between LSCs and their normal counterparts, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). In this study, we used an unbiased mass spectrometry-based metabolomics analysis to define differences in metabolites between primary human LSCs and HSPCs, which revealed that LSCs have a distinct metabolome. Spermidine was the most enriched metabolite in LSCs compared with HSPCs. Pharmacological reduction of spermidine concentrations decreased LSC function but spared normal HSPCs. Polyamine depletion also decreased leukemic burden in patient-derived xenografts. Mechanistically, spermidine depletion induced LSC myeloid differentiation by decreasing eIF5A-dependent protein synthesis, resulting in reduced expression of a select subset of proteins. KAT7, a histone acetyltransferase, was one of the top candidates identified to be down-regulated by spermidine depletion. Overexpression of KAT7 partially rescued polyamine depletion-induced decreased colony-forming ability, demonstrating that loss of KAT7 is an essential part of the mechanism by which spermidine depletion targets AML clonogenic potential. Together, we identified and mechanistically dissected a metabolic vulnerability of LSCs that has the potential to be rapidly translated into clinical trials to improve outcomes for patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Rondeau
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Jacob M Berman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Tianyi Ling
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Cristiana O'Brien
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Rachel Culp-Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- Advanced Leukemia Therapies and Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Yun Chueh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- Advanced Leukemia Therapies and Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Karina E Jiménez-Camacho
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- Advanced Leukemia Therapies and Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Christina Sexton
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- Advanced Leukemia Therapies and Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Katharine M Carter
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- Advanced Leukemia Therapies and Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Cody Stillwell
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- Advanced Leukemia Therapies and Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Jonathan St-Germain
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Duhan Yendi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Aarushi Gupta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Mary Shi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Aleksandra Bourdine
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Vikram R Paralkar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Soheil Jahangiri
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Kristin J Hope
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Anastasia N Tikhonova
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Andrea Arruda
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Courtney L Jones
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- Advanced Leukemia Therapies and Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
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2
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Guo K, Zhou J. Insights into eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A: Its role and mechanisms in protein synthesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024:119849. [PMID: 39303786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The protein synthesis within eukaryotic cells is a complex process involving various translation factors. Among these factors, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) emerges as a crucial translation factor with high evolutionary conservation. eIF5A is unique as it is the only protein in eukaryotic cells containing the hypusine modification. Initially presumed to be a translation initiation factor, eIF5A was subsequently discovered to act mainly during the translation elongation phase. Notably, eIF5A facilitates the translation of peptide sequences containing polyproline stretches and exerts a universal regulatory effect on the elongation and termination phases of protein synthesis. Additionally, eIF5A indirectly affects various physiological processes within the cell by modulating the translation of specific proteins. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, physiological functions, various post-translational modifications of eIF5A, and its association with various human diseases. The comparison between eIF5A and its bacterial homolog, EF-P, extends the discussion to the evolutionary conservation of eIF5A. This highlights its significance across different domains of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Guo
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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3
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Zhang H, Xie Z, Tu X, Liu A, Chen J, He Y, Wu B, Zhou Z. Morphological and proteomic study of waterlogging tolerance in cotton. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14550. [PMID: 38914604 PMCID: PMC11196664 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64322-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Floating seedling cultivation technique is a novel seedling method in cotton and it provides an ideal model to study cotton growing under waterlogging stress. Morphological character and proteomic profile of the primary root from the seedling cultured by the new technology were evaluated in this study. Compared to seedlings cultured by the traditional method, the diameter of the taproot from floating technology is small at all five seedling stages from one-leaf stage to five-leaf stage. There are similar changes between the thickness of cortex and diameter of stele, which increased from the one- to the two-leaf stage but decreased from the two- to the five-leaf stage. At the one-leaf stage, the number and volume of mitochondria in the primary root-tip cells were less than those in the control. At the two-leaf stage, there was significantly less electron-dense material in the primary root-tip cells than those in the control group. From the one- to the two-leaf stage, the vacuole volume was significantly smaller than that in the control. Total 28 differentially expressed proteins were revealed from aquatic and control group roots of cotton seedlings at the three-leaf stage by two-dimensional electrophoresis, which included 24 up-regulated and four down-regulated proteins. The relative expression of the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) gene in aquatic roots increased from the one- to the four-leaf stage but declined rapidly from the four- to the five-leaf stage. The relative expression of the 14-3-3b gene tended to decrease from the one- to the five-leaf stage. The PGK and 14-3-3b genes were specifically expressed in the aquatic roots at the three-leaf stage. In brief, these changes induced waterlogging resistance in the aquatic roots of cotton seedlings in the floating nursery, thereby causing the roots to adapt to the aquatic environment, promoting the growth and development of cotton seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Cotton Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhangshu Xie
- Cotton Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiaoju Tu
- Cotton Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Aiyu Liu
- Cotton Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jinxiang Chen
- Cotton Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yunxin He
- Hunan Institute of Cotton Science, Changde, 415101, China
| | - Bibo Wu
- Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechmic, Changsha, 410127, China.
| | - Zhonghua Zhou
- Cotton Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Changsha, 410128, China.
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4
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Guo JS, Liu KL, Qin YX, Hou L, Jian LY, Yang YH, Li XY. Hypusination-induced DHPS/eIF5A pathway as a new therapeutic strategy for human diseases: A mechanistic review and structural classification of DHPS inhibitors. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115440. [PMID: 37683595 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of new therapeutic strategies for diseases is essential for drug research. Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) is a critical enzyme that modifies the conversion of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) precursor into physiologically active eIF5A (eIF5A-Hyp). Recent studies have revealed that the hypusine modifying of DHPS on eIF5A has an essential regulatory role in human diseases. The hypusination-induced DHPS/eIF5A pathway has been shown to play an essential role in various cancers, and it could regulate immune-related diseases, glucose metabolism-related diseases, neurological-related diseases, and aging. In addition, DHPS has a more defined substrate and a well-defined structure within the active pocket than eIF5A. More and more researchers are focusing on the prospect of advanced development of DHPS inhibitors. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of the hypusination-induced DHPS/eIF5A pathway in a variety of diseases in addition to the inhibitors related to this pathway; it highlights and analyzes the structural features and mechanisms of action of DHPS inhibitors and expands the prospects of future drug development using DHPS as an anticancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Si Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Yu-Xi Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Ling-Yan Jian
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Yue-Hui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Xin-Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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5
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Kwolek-Mirek M, Dubicka-Lisowska A, Bednarska S, Zadrag-Tecza R, Kaszycki P. Changes in a Protein Profile Can Account for the Altered Phenotype of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mutant Lacking the Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030459. [PMID: 36984899 PMCID: PMC10056615 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen (dioxygen). The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking SOD1 (Δsod1) is hypersensitive to the superoxide anion and displays a number of oxidative stress-related alterations in its phenotype. We compared proteomes of the wild-type strain and the Δsod1 mutant employing two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and detected eighteen spots representing differentially expressed proteins, of which fourteen were downregulated and four upregulated. Mass spectrometry-based identification enabled the division of these proteins into functional classes related to carbon metabolism, amino acid and protein biosynthesis, nucleotide biosynthesis, and metabolism, as well as antioxidant processes. Detailed analysis of the proteomic data made it possible to account for several important morphological, biochemical, and physiological changes earlier observed for the SOD1 mutation. An example may be the proposed additional explanation for methionine auxotrophy. It is concluded that protein comparative profiling of the Δsod1 yeast may serve as an efficient tool in the elucidation of the mutation-based systemic alterations in the resultant S. cerevisiae phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kwolek-Mirek
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Dubicka-Lisowska
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sabina Bednarska
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Renata Zadrag-Tecza
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Pawel Kaszycki
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
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6
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Tan TCJ, Kelly V, Zou X, Wright D, Ly T, Zamoyska R. Translation factor eIF5a is essential for IFNγ production and cell cycle regulation in primary CD8 + T lymphocytes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7796. [PMID: 36528626 PMCID: PMC9759561 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of mRNA translation adjusts protein production rapidly and facilitates local cellular responses to environmental conditions. Traditionally initiation of translation is considered to be a major translational control point, however, control of peptide elongation is also important. Here we show that the function of the elongation factor, eIF5a, is regulated dynamically in naïve CD8+ T cells upon activation by post-translational modification, whereupon it facilitates translation of specific subsets of proteins. eIF5a is essential for long-term survival of effector CD8+ T cells and sequencing of nascent polypeptides indicates that the production of proteins which regulate proliferation and key effector functions, particularly the production of IFNγ and less acutely TNF production and cytotoxicity, is dependent on the presence of functional eIF5a. Control of translation in multiple immune cell lineages is required to co-ordinate immune responses and these data illustrate that translational elongation contributes to post-transcriptional regulons important for the control of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C J Tan
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Van Kelly
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Michael Swann Building, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Xiaoyan Zou
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK
| | - David Wright
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Tony Ly
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Michael Swann Building, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, Life Sciences Research Complex, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Rose Zamoyska
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK.
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7
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Seoane R, Llamas-González YY, Vidal S, El Motiam A, Bouzaher YH, Fonseca D, Farrás R, García-Sastre A, González-Santamaría J, Rivas C. eIF5A is activated by virus infection or dsRNA and facilitates virus replication through modulation of interferon production. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:960138. [PMID: 35967877 PMCID: PMC9363599 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.960138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Active hypusine-modified initiation elongation factor 5A is critical for cell proliferation and differentiation, embryonic development, and innate immune response of macrophages to bacterial infection. Here, we demonstrate that both virus infection and double-stranded RNA viral mimic stimulation induce the hypusination of eIF5A. Furthermore, we show that activation of eIF5A is essential for the replication of several RNA viruses including influenza A virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, chikungunya virus, mayaro virus, una virus, zika virus, and punta toro virus. Finally, our data reveal that inhibition of eIF5A hypusination using the spermidine analog GC7 or siRNA-mediated downmodulation of eIF5A1 induce upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress marker proteins and trigger the transcriptional induction of interferon and interferon-stimulated genes, mechanisms that may explain the broad-spectrum antiviral activity of eIF5A inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Seoane
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yessica Y. Llamas-González
- Grupo de Biología Celular y Molecular de Arbovirus, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, Panama
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Santiago Vidal
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ahmed El Motiam
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yanis Hichem Bouzaher
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Danae Fonseca
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rosa Farrás
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - José González-Santamaría
- Grupo de Biología Celular y Molecular de Arbovirus, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, Panama
| | - Carmen Rivas
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carmen Rivas,
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8
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Tauc M, Cougnon M, Carcy R, Melis N, Hauet T, Pellerin L, Blondeau N, Pisani DF. The eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A1), the molecule, mechanisms and recent insights into the pathophysiological roles. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:219. [PMID: 34952646 PMCID: PMC8705083 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00733-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the demonstration of its involvement in cell proliferation, the eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) has been studied principally in relation to the development and progression of cancers in which the isoform A2 is mainly expressed. However, an increasing number of studies report that the isoform A1, which is ubiquitously expressed in normal cells, exhibits novel molecular features that reveal its new relationships between cellular functions and organ homeostasis. At a first glance, eIF5A can be regarded, among other things, as a factor implicated in the initiation of translation. Nevertheless, at least three specificities: (1) its extreme conservation between species, including plants, throughout evolution, (2) its very special and unique post-translational modification through the activating-hypusination process, and finally (3) its close relationship with the polyamine pathway, suggest that the role of eIF5A in living beings remains to be uncovered. In fact, and beyond its involvement in facilitating the translation of proteins containing polyproline residues, eIF5A is implicated in various physiological processes including ischemic tolerance, metabolic adaptation, aging, development, and immune cell differentiation. These newly discovered physiological properties open up huge opportunities in the clinic for pathologies such as, for example, the ones in which the oxygen supply is disrupted. In this latter case, organ transplantation, myocardial infarction or stroke are concerned, and the current literature defines eIF5A as a new drug target with a high level of potential benefit for patients with these diseases or injuries. Moreover, the recent use of genomic and transcriptomic association along with metadata studies also revealed the implication of eIF5A in genetic diseases. Thus, this review provides an overview of eIF5A from its molecular mechanism of action to its physiological roles and the clinical possibilities that have been recently reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Tauc
- LP2M, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France. .,Laboratories of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Nice, France. .,Laboratoire de Physiomédecine Moléculaire, UMR7370, Faculté de Médecine, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107, Nice Cedex, France.
| | - Marc Cougnon
- LP2M, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Laboratories of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Nice, France
| | - Romain Carcy
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente et Service de Réanimation des Urgences Vitales, CHU Nice, Hôpital Pasteur 2, Nice, France
| | - Nicolas Melis
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thierry Hauet
- INSERM, IRTOMIT, CHU de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
| | - Luc Pellerin
- INSERM, IRTOMIT, CHU de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
| | - Nicolas Blondeau
- Laboratories of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Nice, France.,IPMC, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Didier F Pisani
- LP2M, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Laboratories of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Nice, France
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9
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Šoštarić N, Arslan A, Carvalho B, Plech M, Voordeckers K, Verstrepen KJ, van Noort V. Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis of Mechanisms Underlying Yeast Ethanol Tolerance. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3840-3852. [PMID: 34236875 PMCID: PMC8353626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
![]()
For yeast cells,
tolerance to high levels of ethanol is vital both
in their natural environment and in industrially relevant conditions.
We recently genotyped experimentally evolved yeast strains adapted
to high levels of ethanol and identified mutations linked to ethanol
tolerance. In this study, by integrating genomic sequencing data with
quantitative proteomics profiles from six evolved strains (data set
identifier PXD006631) and construction of protein interaction networks,
we elucidate exactly how the genotype and phenotype are related at
the molecular level. Our multi-omics approach points to the rewiring
of numerous metabolic pathways affected by genomic and proteomic level
changes, from energy-producing and lipid pathways to differential
regulation of transposons and proteins involved in cell cycle progression.
One of the key differences is found in the energy-producing metabolism,
where the ancestral yeast strain responds to ethanol by switching
to respiration and employing the mitochondrial electron transport
chain. In contrast, the ethanol-adapted strains appear to have returned
back to energy production mainly via glycolysis and ethanol fermentation,
as supported by genomic and proteomic level changes. This work is
relevant for synthetic biology where systems need to function under
stressful conditions, as well as for industry and in cancer biology,
where it is important to understand how the genotype relates to the
phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Šoštarić
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Arslan
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernardo Carvalho
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcin Plech
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Bioincubator, Gaston Geenslaan 1, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin Voordeckers
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Bioincubator, Gaston Geenslaan 1, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin J Verstrepen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Bioincubator, Gaston Geenslaan 1, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vera van Noort
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.,Institute of Biology Leiden, Faculty of Science, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Iron in Translation: From the Beginning to the End. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051058. [PMID: 34068342 PMCID: PMC8153317 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for all eukaryotes, since it acts as a cofactor for many enzymes involved in basic cellular functions, including translation. While the mammalian iron-regulatory protein/iron-responsive element (IRP/IRE) system arose as one of the first examples of translational regulation in higher eukaryotes, little is known about the contribution of iron itself to the different stages of eukaryotic translation. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, iron deficiency provokes a global impairment of translation at the initiation step, which is mediated by the Gcn2-eIF2α pathway, while the post-transcriptional regulator Cth2 specifically represses the translation of a subgroup of iron-related transcripts. In addition, several steps of the translation process depend on iron-containing enzymes, including particular modifications of translation elongation factors and transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and translation termination by the ATP-binding cassette family member Rli1 (ABCE1 in humans) and the prolyl hydroxylase Tpa1. The influence of these modifications and their correlation with codon bias in the dynamic control of protein biosynthesis, mainly in response to stress, is emerging as an interesting focus of research. Taking S. cerevisiae as a model, we hereby discuss the relevance of iron in the control of global and specific translation steps.
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11
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Pereira KD, Tamborlin L, de Lima TI, Consonni SR, Silveira LR, Luchessi AD. Alternative human eIF5A protein isoform plays a critical role in mitochondria. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:549-561. [PMID: 33459432 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is the only known protein containing the amino acid residue hypusine, essential for its activity. Hypusine residue is produced by a posttranslational modification involving deoxyhypusine synthetase and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase. Herein, we aimed to describe the role of the alternative human isoform A on mitochondrial processes. Isoform A depletion modulates oxidative metabolism in association with the downregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes. Through positive feedback, it increases cell respiration leading to highly reactive oxygen species production, which impacts mitochondrial bioenergetics. These metabolic changes compromise mitochondrial morphology, increasing its electron density and fission, observed by transmission electron microscopy. This set of changes leads the cells to apoptosis, evidenced by increased DNA fragmentation and proapoptotic BAK protein content increase. Thus, we show that the alternative eIF5A isoform A is crucial for energy metabolism controlled by mitochondria and cellular survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina D Pereira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Tamborlin
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tanes I de Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvio R Consonni
- Laboratory of Cytochemistry and Immunocytochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R Silveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Augusto D Luchessi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Life as a Vector of Dengue Virus: The Antioxidant Strategy of Mosquito Cells to Survive Viral Infection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030395. [PMID: 33807863 PMCID: PMC8000470 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease of increasing global importance. The disease has caused heavy burdens due to frequent outbreaks in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The dengue virus (DENV) is generally transmitted between human hosts via the bite of a mosquito vector, primarily Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus as a minor species. It is known that the virus needs to alternately infect mosquito and human cells. DENV-induced cell death is relevant to the pathogenesis in humans as infected cells undergo apoptosis. In contrast, mosquito cells mostly survive the infection; this allows infected mosquitoes to remain healthy enough to serve as an efficient vector in nature. Overexpression of antioxidant genes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutaredoxin (Grx), thioredoxin (Trx), and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) have been detected in DENV2-infected mosquito cells. Additional antioxidants, including GST, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5a), and p53 isoform 2 (p53-2), and perhaps some others, are also involved in creating an intracellular environment suitable for cell replication and viral infection. Antiapoptotic effects involving inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) upregulation and subsequent elevation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities also play crucial roles in the ability of mosquito cells to survive DENV infection. This article focused on the effects of intracellular responses in mosquito cells to infection primarily by DENVs. It may provide more information to better understand virus/cell interactions that can possibly elucidate the evolutionary pathway that led to the mosquito becoming a vector.
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13
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Cheng Y, Zhu H, Du Z, Guo X, Zhou C, Wang Z, He X. Eukaryotic translation factor eIF5A contributes to acetic acid tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae via transcriptional factor Ume6p. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:38. [PMID: 33557922 PMCID: PMC7869214 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well-known as an ideal model system for basic research and important industrial microorganism for biotechnological applications. Acetic acid is an important growth inhibitor that has deleterious effects on both the growth and fermentation performance of yeast cells. Comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying S. cerevisiae adaptive response to acetic acid is always a focus and indispensable for development of robust industrial strains. eIF5A is a specific translation factor that is especially required for the formation of peptide bond between certain residues including proline regarded as poor substrates for slow peptide bond formation. Decrease of eIF5A activity resulted in temperature-sensitive phenotype of yeast, while up-regulation of eIF5A protected transgenic Arabidopsis against high temperature, oxidative or osmotic stress. However, the exact roles and functional mechanisms of eIF5A in stress response are as yet largely unknown. RESULTS In this research, we compared cell growth between the eIF5A overexpressing and the control S. cerevisiae strains under various stressed conditions. Improvement of acetic acid tolerance by enhanced eIF5A activity was observed all in spot assay, growth profiles and survival assay. eIF5A prompts the synthesis of Ume6p, a pleiotropic transcriptional factor containing polyproline motifs, mainly in a translational related way. As a consequence, BEM4, BUD21 and IME4, the direct targets of Ume6p, were up-regulated in eIF5A overexpressing strain, especially under acetic acid stress. Overexpression of UME6 results in similar profiles of cell growth and target genes transcription to eIF5A overexpression, confirming the role of Ume6p and its association between eIF5A and acetic acid tolerance. CONCLUSION Translation factor eIF5A protects yeast cells against acetic acid challenge by the eIF5A-Ume6p-Bud21p/Ime4p/Bem4p axles, which provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptive response and tolerance to acetic acid in S. cerevisiae and novel targets for construction of robust industrial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhengda Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuena Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chenyao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhaoyue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiuping He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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14
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Smeltzer S, Quadri Z, Miller A, Zamudio F, Hunter J, Stewart NJF, Saji S, Lee DC, Chaput D, Selenica MLB. Hypusination of Eif5a regulates cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregation and accumulation in a stress-induced cellular model. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:165939. [PMID: 32882370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a nuclear RNA/DNA binding protein involved in mRNA metabolism. Aberrant mislocalization to the cytoplasm and formation of phosphorylated/aggregated TDP-43 inclusions remains the hallmark pathology in a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, including frontotemporal disorders and Alzheimer's disease. Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5A undergoes a unique post-translation modification of lysine to hypusine (K50), which determines eIF5A binding partners. We used a sodium arsenite-induced cellular stress model to investigate the role of hypusinated eIF5A (eIF5AHypK50) in governing TDP-43 cytoplasmic mislocalization and accumulation in stress granule. Our proteomics and functional data provide evidence that eIF5A interacts with TDP-43 in a hypusine-dependent manner. Additionally, we showed that following stress TDP-43 interactions with eIF5AHypK50 were induced both in the cytoplasm and stress granules. Pharmacological reduction of hypusination or mutations of lysine residues within the hypusine loop decreased phosphorylated and insoluble TDP-43 levels. The proteomic and biochemical analysis also identified nuclear pore complex importins KPNA1/2, KPNB1, and RanGTP as interacting partners of eIF5AHypK50. These findings are the first to provide a novel pathway and potential therapeutic targets that require further investigation in models of TDP-43 proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayna Smeltzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Zainuddin Quadri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, KY, USA
| | - Abraian Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Frank Zamudio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jordan Hunter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nicholas J F Stewart
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sheba Saji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Daniel C Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, KY, USA
| | - Dale Chaput
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Florida Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery and Innovation (CDDI), University of South Florida, 3720 Spectrum Blvd, Suite 303, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Maj-Linda B Selenica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, KY, USA.
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15
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Hummels KR, Kearns DB. Translation elongation factor P (EF-P). FEMS Microbiol Rev 2020; 44:208-218. [PMID: 32011712 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation elongation factor P (EF-P) is conserved in all three domains of life (called eIF5A and aIF5A in eukaryotes and archaea, respectively) and functions to alleviate ribosome pausing during the translation of specific sequences, including consecutive proline residues. EF-P was identified in 1975 as a factor that stimulated the peptidyltransferase reaction in vitro but its involvement in the translation of tandem proline residues was not uncovered until 2013. Throughout the four decades of EF-P research, perceptions of EF-P function have changed dramatically. In particular, while EF-P was thought to potentiate the formation of the first peptide bond in a protein, it is now broadly accepted to act throughout translation elongation. Further, EF-P was initially reported to be essential, but recent work has shown that the requirement of EF-P for growth is conditional. Finally, it is thought that post-translational modification of EF-P is strictly required for its function but recent studies suggest that EF-P modification may play a more nuanced role in EF-P activity. Here, we review the history of EF-P research, with an emphasis on its initial isolation and characterization as well as the discoveries that altered our perceptions of its function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel B Kearns
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
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16
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Tahmasebi S, Sonenberg N, Hershey JWB, Mathews MB. Protein Synthesis and Translational Control: A Historical Perspective. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a035584. [PMID: 30082466 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Protein synthesis and its regulation are central to all known forms of life and impinge on biological arenas as varied as agriculture, biotechnology, and medicine. Otherwise known as translation and translational control, these processes have been investigated with increasing intensity since the middle of the 20th century, and in increasing depth with advances in molecular and cell biology. We review the origins of the field, focusing on the underlying concepts and early studies of the cellular machinery and mechanisms involved. We highlight key discoveries and events on a timeline, consider areas where current research has engendered new ideas, and conclude with some speculation on future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Tahmasebi
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - John W B Hershey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, School of Medicine, Davis, California 95616
| | - Michael B Mathews
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
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17
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Puleston DJ, Buck MD, Klein Geltink RI, Kyle RL, Caputa G, O'Sullivan D, Cameron AM, Castoldi A, Musa Y, Kabat AM, Zhang Y, Flachsmann LJ, Field CS, Patterson AE, Scherer S, Alfei F, Baixauli F, Austin SK, Kelly B, Matsushita M, Curtis JD, Grzes KM, Villa M, Corrado M, Sanin DE, Qiu J, Pällman N, Paz K, Maccari ME, Blazar BR, Mittler G, Buescher JM, Zehn D, Rospert S, Pearce EJ, Balabanov S, Pearce EL. Polyamines and eIF5A Hypusination Modulate Mitochondrial Respiration and Macrophage Activation. Cell Metab 2019; 30:352-363.e8. [PMID: 31130465 PMCID: PMC6688828 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
How cells adapt metabolism to meet demands is an active area of interest across biology. Among a broad range of functions, the polyamine spermidine is needed to hypusinate the translation factor eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A). We show here that hypusinated eIF5A (eIF5AH) promotes the efficient expression of a subset of mitochondrial proteins involved in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Several of these proteins have mitochondrial targeting sequences (MTSs) that in part confer an increased dependency on eIF5AH. In macrophages, metabolic switching between OXPHOS and glycolysis supports divergent functional fates stimulated by activation signals. In these cells, hypusination of eIF5A appears to be dynamically regulated after activation. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we show that acute inhibition of this pathway blunts OXPHOS-dependent alternative activation, while leaving aerobic glycolysis-dependent classical activation intact. These results might have implications for therapeutically controlling macrophage activation by targeting the polyamine-eIF5A-hypusine axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Puleston
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany; The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Michael D Buck
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | | | - Ryan L Kyle
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - George Caputa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - David O'Sullivan
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Alanna M Cameron
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Yaarub Musa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Agnieszka M Kabat
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Lea J Flachsmann
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Cameron S Field
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Annette E Patterson
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Stefanie Scherer
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Francesca Alfei
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Francesc Baixauli
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - S Kyle Austin
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Beth Kelly
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Mai Matsushita
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Jonathan D Curtis
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Grzes
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Matteo Villa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - David E Sanin
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Jing Qiu
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Nora Pällman
- Division of Haematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Katelyn Paz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Maria Elena Maccari
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Center for Pediatrics, and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gerhard Mittler
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Joerg M Buescher
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Dietmar Zehn
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sabine Rospert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Stefan Balabanov
- Division of Haematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany.
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18
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Bassani F, Zink IA, Pribasnig T, Wolfinger MT, Romagnoli A, Resch A, Schleper C, Bläsi U, La Teana A. Indications for a moonlighting function of translation factor aIF5A in the crenarchaeum Sulfolobus solfataricus. RNA Biol 2019; 16:675-685. [PMID: 30777488 PMCID: PMC6546411 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1582953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation factor a/eIF5A is highly conserved in Eukarya and Archaea. The eukaryal eIF5A protein is required for transit of ribosomes across consecutive proline codons, whereas the function of the archaeal orthologue remains unknown. Here, we provide a first hint for an involvement of Sulfolobus solfataricus (Sso) aIF5A in translation. CRISPR-mediated knock down of the aif5A gene resulted in strong growth retardation, underlining a pivotal function. Moreover, in vitro studies revealed that Sso aIF5A is endowed with endoribonucleolytic activity. Thus, aIF5A appears to be a moonlighting protein that might be involved in protein synthesis as well as in RNA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Bassani
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabelle Anna Zink
- Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Pribasnig
- Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Alice Romagnoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Armin Resch
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christa Schleper
- Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Udo Bläsi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna La Teana
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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19
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Diagnostic application of recombinant Leishmania proteins and evaluation of their in vitro immunogenicity after stimulation of immune cells collected from tegumentary leishmaniasis patients and healthy individuals. Cell Immunol 2018; 334:61-69. [PMID: 30287082 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the cytokine profile in PBMC supernatants and the humoral response in mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) patients and in healthy subjects living in an endemic area. Four proteins, which had previously proven to be antigenic in the human disease, were tested: LiHyM, enolase, eukaryotic initiation factor 5a, and Beta-tubulin. Results showed that all of the proteins stimulated human cells with higher IFN-γ and lower IL-4 and IL-10 levels. The analysis of antibody isotypes correlated with cell response, since the IgG2 production was higher than IgG1 in both groups. By contrast, a Th2 response was found when an antigenic Leishmania extract was used. Serological analyses revealed high sensitivity and specificity values for the serodiagnosis of the disease, when compared to the data obtained using the antigenic preparation. In conclusion, this study presents new candidates to be evaluated as biomarkers in tegumentary leishmaniasis.
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20
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Dever TE, Dinman JD, Green R. Translation Elongation and Recoding in Eukaryotes. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a032649. [PMID: 29610120 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a032649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we highlight the current understanding of translation elongation and recoding in eukaryotes. In addition to providing an overview of the process, recent advances in our understanding of the role of the factor eIF5A in both translation elongation and termination are discussed. We also highlight mechanisms of translation recoding with a focus on ribosomal frameshifting during elongation. We see that the balance between the basic steps in elongation and the less common recoding events is determined by the kinetics of the different processes as well as by specific sequence determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Dever
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Jonathan D Dinman
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Rachel Green
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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21
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Kang JG, Lee HW, Ko S, Chae JS. Comparative proteomic analysis of outer membrane protein 43 ( omp43)-deficient Bartonella henselae. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:59-70. [PMID: 28693313 PMCID: PMC5799401 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Gram-negative bacteria constitute the first line of defense protecting cells against environmental stresses including chemical, biophysical, and biological attacks. Although the 43-kDa OMP (OMP43) is major porin protein among Bartonella henselae-derived OMPs, its function remains unreported. In this study, OMP43-deficient mutant B. henselae (Δomp43) was generated to investigate OMP43 function. Interestingly, Δomp43 exhibited weaker proliferative ability than that of wild-type (WT) B. henselae. To study the differences in proteomic expression between WT and Δomp43, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomic analysis was performed. Based on Clusters of Orthologus Groups functional assignments, 12 proteins were associated with metabolism, 7 proteins associated with information storage and processing, and 3 proteins associated with cellular processing and signaling. By semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, increases in tldD, efp, ntrX, pdhA, purB, and ATPA mRNA expression and decreases in Rho and yfeA mRNA expression were confirmed in Δomp43. In conclusion, this is the first report showing that a loss of OMP43 expression in B. henselae leads to retarded proliferation. Furthermore, our proteomic data provide useful information for the further investigation of mechanisms related to the growth of B. henselae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Gu Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hee-Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sungjin Ko
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Research Institute and BK21 Program for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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22
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Noiman T, Kahana C. A Simple Combined Use of CRISPR-Cas9 and Cre-LoxP Technologies for Generating Conditional Gene Knockouts in Mammalian Cells. CRISPR J 2018; 1:278-285. [PMID: 31021220 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2018.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene knockout technologies have contributed fundamentally to our understanding of the cellular functions of various genes. Two prevalent systems used for the efficient elimination of the expression of specific genes are the Cre-LoxP system and the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Here, we present a simple method that combines the use of CRISPR-Cas9 and Cre-LoxP for the conditional deletion of essential genes in mammalian cells. First, an inducible Cre recombinase is stably expressed in the cells. Next, CRISPR-Cas9 is used to knock out an essential gene, whose function is complemented by stable expression of a FLAG-tagged version of the same protein encoded from a floxed transcription unit containing silent mutations, making it refractory to the CRISPR-Cas9 guide. This FLAG-tagged protein can be deleted by activating the expressed Cre protein, enabling evaluation of the cellular consequences of its deletion. We have further used this system to evaluate the ability of phylogenic homologues and of potential mutants to cover functionally for the deleted gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzahi Noiman
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot, Israel
| | - Chaim Kahana
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot, Israel
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23
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Lubas M, Harder LM, Kumsta C, Tiessen I, Hansen M, Andersen JS, Lund AH, Frankel LB. eIF5A is required for autophagy by mediating ATG3 translation. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:e46072. [PMID: 29712776 PMCID: PMC5989740 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential catabolic process responsible for recycling of intracellular material and preserving cellular fidelity. Key to the autophagy pathway is the ubiquitin-like conjugation system mediating lipidation of Atg8 proteins and their anchoring to autophagosomal membranes. While regulation of autophagy has been characterized at the level of transcription, protein interactions and post-translational modifications, its translational regulation remains elusive. Here we describe a role for the conserved eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) in autophagy. Identified from a high-throughput screen, we find that eIF5A is required for lipidation of LC3B and its paralogs and promotes autophagosome formation. This feature is evolutionarily conserved and results from the translation of the E2-like ATG3 protein. Mechanistically, we identify an amino acid motif in ATG3 causing eIF5A dependency for its efficient translation. Our study identifies eIF5A as a key requirement for autophagosome formation and demonstrates the importance of translation in mediating efficient autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Lubas
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lea M Harder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Caroline Kumsta
- Program of Development, Aging and Regeneration, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Imke Tiessen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malene Hansen
- Program of Development, Aging and Regeneration, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jens S Andersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders H Lund
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisa B Frankel
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Hoque M, Park JY, Chang YJ, Luchessi AD, Cambiaghi TD, Shamanna R, Hanauske-Abel HM, Holland B, Pe'ery T, Tian B, Mathews MB. Regulation of gene expression by translation factor eIF5A: Hypusine-modified eIF5A enhances nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in human cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 5:e1366294. [PMID: 29034140 DOI: 10.1080/21690731.2017.1366294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) couples protein synthesis to mRNA turnover. It eliminates defective transcripts and controls the abundance of certain normal mRNAs. Our study establishes a connection between NMD and the translation factor eIF5A (eukaryotic initiation factor 5A) in human cells. eIF5A modulates the synthesis of groups of proteins (the eIF5A regulon), and undergoes a distinctive two-step post-translational modification (hypusination) catalyzed by deoxyhypusine synthase and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase. We show that expression of NMD-susceptible constructs was increased by depletion of the major eIF5A isoform, eIF5A1. NMD was also attenuated when hypusination was inhibited by RNA interference with either of the two eIF5A modifying enzymes, or by treatment with the drugs ciclopirox or deferiprone which inhibit deoxyhypusine hydroxylase. Transcriptome analysis by RNA-Seq identified human genes whose expression is coordinately regulated by eIF5A1, its modifying enzymes, and the pivotal NMD factor, Upf1. Transcripts encoding components of the translation system were highly represented, including some encoding ribosomal proteins controlled by alternative splicing coupled to NMD (AS-NMD). Our findings extend and strengthen the association of eIF5A with NMD, previously inferred in yeast, and show that hypusination is important for this function of human eIF5A. In addition, they advance drug-mediated NMD suppression as a therapeutic opportunity for nonsense-associated diseases. We propose that regulation of mRNA stability contributes to eIF5A's role in selective gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mainul Hoque
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Ji Yeon Park
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yun-Juan Chang
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.,Office of Advanced Research Computing, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Augusto D Luchessi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tavane D Cambiaghi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Raghavendra Shamanna
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Hartmut M Hanauske-Abel
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Bart Holland
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Tsafi Pe'ery
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Bin Tian
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Michael B Mathews
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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25
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Mechanism and Regulation of Protein Synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 2017; 203:65-107. [PMID: 27183566 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.115.186221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of protein synthesis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae The mechanism of protein synthesis is well conserved between yeast and other eukaryotes, and molecular genetic studies in budding yeast have provided critical insights into the fundamental process of translation as well as its regulation. The review focuses on the initiation and elongation phases of protein synthesis with descriptions of the roles of translation initiation and elongation factors that assist the ribosome in binding the messenger RNA (mRNA), selecting the start codon, and synthesizing the polypeptide. We also examine mechanisms of translational control highlighting the mRNA cap-binding proteins and the regulation of GCN4 and CPA1 mRNAs.
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26
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Cao TT, Lin SH, Fu L, Tang Z, Che CM, Zhang LY, Ming XY, Liu TF, Tang XM, Tan BB, Xiang D, Li F, Chan OY, Xie D, Cai Z, Guan XY. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2 promotes metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:94-104. [PMID: 27879277 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of intracellular metabolism is common in liver cancer cells. Understanding the mechanisms of cell metabolic reprogramming may present a new basis for liver cancer treatment. In our previous study, we reported that a novel oncogene eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) promotes tumorigenesis under hypoxic condition. Here, we aim to investigate the role of EIF5A2 in cell metabolic reprogramming during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. In this study, we reported that the messenger RNA (mRNA) level of EIF5A2 was upregulated in 59 of 105 (56.2%) HCC clinical samples (P = 0.015), and EIF5A2 overexpression was significantly associated with shorter survival time of patients with HCC (P = 0.021). Ectopic expression of EIF5A2 in HCC cell lines significantly promoted cell growth and accelerated glucose utilization and lipogenesis rates. The high rates of glucose uptake and lactate secretion conferred by EIF5A2 revealed an abnormal activity of aerobic glycolysis in HCC cells. Several key enzymes involved in glycolysis including glucose transporter type 1 and 2, hexokinase 2, phosphofructokinase liver type, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase M2 isoform, phosphoglycerate mutase 1 and lactate dehydrogenase A were upregulated by overexpression of EIF5A2. Moreover, EIF5A2 showed positive correlations with FASN and ACSS2, two key enzymes involved in the fatty acid de novo biosynthetic pathway, at both protein and mRNA levels in HCC. These results indicated that EIF5A2 may regulate fatty acid de novo biosynthesis by increasing the uptake of acetate. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that EIF5A2 has a critical role in HCC cell metabolic reprogramming and may serve as a prominent novel therapeutic target for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor and Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology and
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shu-Hai Lin
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor and Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Li-Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology and
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ming
- Department of Clinical Oncology and
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Teng-Fei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xu-Ming Tang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin-Bin Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor and Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Di Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor and Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Li
- Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China and
| | | | - Dan Xie
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China,
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology and
- Centre for Cancer Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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27
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Carvajal-Gamez BI, Carrillo LV, Torres-Romero JC, Camacho-Nuez M, Ponce-Regalado MD, Camarillo CL, Alvarez-Sánchez ME. Recombinant Trichomonas vaginalis eIF-5A protein expressed from a eukaryotic system binds specifically to mammalian and putative trichomonal eIF-5A response elements (EREs). Parasitol Int 2016; 65:625-631. [PMID: 27620329 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis eIF-5A-like protein (TveIF-5A) belongs to the highly conserved eIF-5A family of proteins that contains a unique polyamine-derived amino acid, hypusine. Recently, we determined that the polyamine putrescine is required for tveif-5a mRNA stability, and it is necessary for stability and maturation of the TveIF-5A protein. Eukaryotic eIF-5A is known to be involved in mRNA turnover and is capable of sequence-specific RNA binding to eIF-5A response elements (EREs). These ERE sequences are present in diverse mammalian mRNAs, including human cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2). Here, we cloned the complete coding sequence of TveIF-5A and overexpressed it in a eukaryotic system. The recombinant protein (rTveIF-5A) was purified in soluble form using size-exclusion chromatography. Because of the polyamine-dependent regulation of TvCP39 (a protease of T. vaginalis) at the protein and RNA messenger (mRNA) levels, we looked for an ERE-like structure in the 3' region of tvcp39 mRNA. In RNA gel-shift assays, rTveIF-5A bound to transcripts at the EREs of cox-2 or tvcp39 mRNAs. This work shows the eIF-5A/ERE-like interaction in T. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertha Isabel Carvajal-Gamez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo # 290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100 México City, México
| | - Laura Vázquez Carrillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo # 290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100 México City, México
| | - Julio César Torres-Romero
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 613 x C. 90 Col. Inalámbrica, CP 97069 Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Minerva Camacho-Nuez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo # 290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100 México City, México
| | - María Dolores Ponce-Regalado
- Departamento de Clínicas, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, México
| | - César López Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo # 290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100 México City, México
| | - María Elizbeth Alvarez-Sánchez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo # 290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100 México City, México.
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28
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Pereira KD, Tamborlin L, Meneguello L, de Proença ARG, Almeida ICDPA, Lourenço RF, Luchessi AD. Alternative Start Codon Connects eIF5A to Mitochondria. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2682-9. [PMID: 27414022 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), a protein containing the amino acid residue hypusine required for its activity, is involved in a number of physiological and pathological cellular processes. In humans, several EIF5A1 transcript variants encode the canonical eIF5A1 isoform B, whereas the hitherto uncharacterized variant A is expected to code for a hypothetical eIF5A1 isoform, referred to as isoform A, which has an additional N-terminal extension. Herein, we validate the existence of eIF5A1 isoform A and its production from transcript variant A. In fact, variant A was shown to encode both eIF5A1 isoforms A and B. Mutagenic assays revealed different efficiencies in the start codons present in variant A, contributing to the production of isoform B at higher levels than isoform A. Immunoblotting and mass spectrometric analyses showed that isoform A can undergo hypusination and acetylation at specific lysine residues, as observed for isoform B. Examination of the N-terminal extension suggested that it might confer mitochondrial targeting. Correspondingly, we found that isoform A, but not isoform B, co-purified with mitochondria when the proteins were overproduced. These findings suggest that eIF5A1 isoform A has a role in mitochondrial function. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2682-2689, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Danielle Pereira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Tamborlin
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Meneguello
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rogério Ferreira Lourenço
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Augusto Ducati Luchessi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Cáceres CJ, Angulo J, Contreras N, Pino K, Vera-Otarola J, López-Lastra M. Targeting deoxyhypusine hydroxylase activity impairs cap-independent translation initiation driven by the 5'untranslated region of the HIV-1, HTLV-1, and MMTV mRNAs. Antiviral Res 2016; 134:192-206. [PMID: 27633452 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Replication of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is dependent on eIF5A hypusination. Hypusine is formed post-translationally on the eIF5A precursor by two consecutive enzymatic steps; a reversible reaction involving the enzyme deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) and an irreversible step involving the enzyme deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH). In this study we explored the effect of inhibiting DOHH activity and therefore eIF5A hypusination, on HIV-1 gene expression. Results show that the expression of proteins from an HIV-1 molecular clone is reduced when DOHH activity is inhibited by Deferiprone (DFP) or Ciclopirox (CPX). Next we evaluated the requirement of DOHH activity for internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated translation initiation driven by the 5'untranslated region (5'UTR) of the full length HIV-1 mRNA. Results show that HIV-1 IRES activity relies on DOHH protein concentration and enzymatic activity. Similar results were obtained for IRES-dependent translation initiation mediated by 5'UTR of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) mRNAs. Interestingly, activity of the poliovirus IRES, was less sensitive to the targeting of DOHH suggesting that not all viral IRESs are equally dependent on the cellular concentration or the activity of DOHH. In summary we present evidence indicating that the cellular concentration of DOHH and its enzymatic activity play a role in HIV-1, HTLV-1 and MMTV IRES-mediated translation initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Joaquín Cáceres
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jenniffer Angulo
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nataly Contreras
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karla Pino
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Vera-Otarola
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo López-Lastra
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile.
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30
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Nakanishi S, Cleveland JL. Targeting the polyamine-hypusine circuit for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2353-62. [PMID: 27357307 PMCID: PMC5573165 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The unique amino acid hypusine is present in only two proteins in eukaryotic cells, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1 (eIF5A1), and eIF5A2, where it is covalently linked to the lysine-50 residue of these proteins via a post-translational modification coined hypusination. This unique modification is directed by two highly conserved and essential enzymes, deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS), and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH), which selectively use the polyamine spermidine as a substrate to generate hypusinated eIF5A. Notably, elevated levels of polyamines are a hallmark of most tumor types, and increased levels of polyamines can also be detected in the urine and blood of cancer patients. Further, in-clinic agents that block the function of key biosynthetic enzymes in the polyamine pathway markedly impair tumor progression and maintenance of the malignant state. Thus, the polyamine pathway is attractive as a prognostic, prevention and therapeutic target. As we review, recent advances in our understanding of the specific functions of hypusinated eIF5A and its role in tumorigenesis suggest that the polyamine-hypusine circuit is a high priority target for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Nakanishi
- Department of Tumor Biology, The Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - John L Cleveland
- Department of Tumor Biology, The Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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Duarte MC, Lage DP, Martins VT, Costa LE, Lage LMR, Carvalho AMRS, Ludolf F, Santos TTO, Roatt BM, Menezes-Souza D, Fernandes AP, Tavares CAP, Coelho EAF. A vaccine combining two Leishmania braziliensis proteins offers heterologous protection against Leishmania infantum infection. Mol Immunol 2016; 76:70-9. [PMID: 27387277 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, two Leishmania braziliensis proteins, one hypothetical and the eukaryotic initiation factor 5a (EiF5a), were cloned and used as a polyproteins vaccine for the heterologous protection of BALB/c mice against infantum infection. Animals were immunized with the antigens separately or in association, and in both cases saponin was used as an adjuvant. In the results, spleen cells from mice inoculated with the individual or polyproteins vaccine and lately challenged produced significantly higher levels of protein- and parasite-specific IFN-γ, IL-12, and GM-CSF, when both a capture ELISA and flow cytometry assays were performed. Evaluating the parasite load by a limiting dilution as well as by RT-PCR, these animals presented significant reductions in the parasite number in all evaluated organs, when compared to the control (saline and saponin) groups. The best protection was reached when the polyproteins vaccine was employed. Protection was associated with the IFN-γ production against parasite extracts, which was mediated by both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and correlated with the antileishmanial nitrite production. In this context, this vaccine combining two L. braziliensis proteins was able to induce a heterologous protection against VL, and could be considered in future studies to be tested against other Leishmania species or in other mammalian hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Duarte
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela P Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vívian T Martins
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lourena E Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia M R Lage
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria R S Carvalho
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ludolf
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thaís T O Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno M Roatt
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos A P Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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The molecular choreography of protein synthesis: translational control, regulation, and pathways. Q Rev Biophys 2016; 49:e11. [PMID: 27658712 DOI: 10.1017/s0033583516000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Translation of proteins by the ribosome regulates gene expression, with recent results underscoring the importance of translational control. Misregulation of translation underlies many diseases, including cancer and many genetic diseases. Decades of biochemical and structural studies have delineated many of the mechanistic details in prokaryotic translation, and sketched the outlines of eukaryotic translation. However, translation may not proceed linearly through a single mechanistic pathway, but likely involves multiple pathways and branchpoints. The stochastic nature of biological processes would allow different pathways to occur during translation that are biased by the interaction of the ribosome with other translation factors, with many of the steps kinetically controlled. These multiple pathways and branchpoints are potential regulatory nexus, allowing gene expression to be tuned at the translational level. As research focus shifts toward eukaryotic translation, certain themes will be echoed from studies on prokaryotic translation. This review provides a general overview of the dynamic data related to prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation, in particular recent findings with single-molecule methods, complemented by biochemical, kinetic, and structural findings. We will underscore the importance of viewing the process through the viewpoints of regulation, translational control, and heterogeneous pathways.
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Aksu M, Trakhanov S, Görlich D. Structure of the exportin Xpo4 in complex with RanGTP and the hypusine-containing translation factor eIF5A. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11952. [PMID: 27306458 PMCID: PMC4912631 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Xpo4 is a bidirectional nuclear transport receptor that mediates nuclear export of eIF5A and Smad3 as well as import of Sox2 and SRY. How Xpo4 recognizes such a variety of cargoes is as yet unknown. Here we present the crystal structure of the RanGTP·Xpo4·eIF5A export complex at 3.2 Å resolution. Xpo4 has a similar structure as CRM1, but the NES-binding site is occluded, and a new interaction site evolved that recognizes both globular domains of eIF5A. eIF5A contains hypusine, a unique amino acid with two positive charges, which is essential for cell viability and eIF5A function in translation. The hypusine docks into a deep, acidic pocket of Xpo4 and is thus a critical element of eIF5A's complex export signature. This further suggests that Xpo4 recognizes other cargoes differently, and illustrates how Xpo4 suppresses - in a chaperone-like manner - undesired interactions of eIF5A inside nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Aksu
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sergei Trakhanov
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Görlich
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Mandal A, Mandal S, Park MH. Global quantitative proteomics reveal up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response proteins upon depletion of eIF5A in HeLa cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25795. [PMID: 27180817 PMCID: PMC4867578 DOI: 10.1038/srep25795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation factor, eIF5A, is a translation factor essential for protein synthesis, cell growth and animal development. By use of a adenoviral eIF5A shRNA, we have achieved an effective depletion of eIF5A in HeLa cells and undertook in vivo comprehensive proteomic analyses to examine the effects of eIF5A depletion on the total proteome and to identify cellular pathways influenced by eIF5A. The proteome of HeLa cells transduced with eIF5A shRNA was compared with that of scramble shRNA-transduced counterpart by the iTRAQ method. We identified 972 proteins consistently detected in three iTRAQ experiments and 104 proteins with significantly altered levels (protein ratio ≥1.5 or ≤0.66, p-value ≤0.05) at 72 h and/or 96 h of Ad-eIF5A-shRNA transduction. The altered expression levels of key pathway proteins were validated by western blotting. Integration of functional ontology with expression data of the 104 proteins revealed specific biological processes that are prominently up- or down-regulated. Heatmap analysis and Cytoscape visualization of biological networks identified protein folding as the major cellular process affected by depletion of eIF5A. Our unbiased, quantitative, proteomic data demonstrate that the depletion of eIF5A leads to endoplasmic reticulum stress, an unfolded protein response and up-regulation of chaperone expression in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Mandal
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bldg.30 Rm. 3A300, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Swati Mandal
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bldg.30 Rm. 3A300, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Myung Hee Park
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Section, Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bldg.30 Rm. 3A300, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Katz MJ, Gándara L, De Lella Ezcurra AL, Wappner P. Hydroxylation and translational adaptation to stress: some answers lie beyond the STOP codon. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1881-93. [PMID: 26874685 PMCID: PMC11108485 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of protein synthesis contributes to maintenance of homeostasis and adaptation to environmental changes. mRNA translation is controlled at various levels including initiation, elongation and termination, through post-transcriptional/translational modifications of components of the protein synthesis machinery. Recently, protein and RNA hydroxylation have emerged as important enzymatic modifications of tRNAs, elongation and termination factors, as well as ribosomal proteins. These modifications enable a correct STOP codon recognition, ensuring translational fidelity. Recent studies are starting to show that STOP codon read-through is related to the ability of the cell to cope with different types of stress, such as oxidative and chemical insults, while correlations between defects in hydroxylation of protein synthesis components and STOP codon read-through are beginning to emerge. In this review we will discuss our current knowledge of protein synthesis regulation through hydroxylation of components of the translation machinery, with special focus on STOP codon recognition. We speculate on the possibility that programmed STOP codon read-through, modulated by hydroxylation of components of the protein synthesis machinery, is part of a concerted cellular response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Katz
- Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Gándara
- Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - P Wappner
- Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular, y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Liu Y, Du F, Chen W, Yao M, Lv K, Fu P. EIF5A2 is a novel chemoresistance gene in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2015; 22:602-7. [PMID: 24638963 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-014-0526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eIF5A2 gene (encoding the eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2) located at 3q26 is a putative oncogene that is overexpressed in colon and rectal carcinomas, lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. EIF5A2 overexpression correlates significantly with tumor metastasis and is an adverse prognostic marker. However, eIF-5A2 overexpression in breast cancer and its effect on chemotherapy are unknown. METHODS We measured eIF-5A2 expression and doxorubicin sensitivity in different human breast cancer cell lines (Bcap-1937, HCC1937, and MCF-7). To investigate a role for eIF-5A2 in chemoresistance, cells were treated with eIF-5A2-siRNA, exposed to various concentrations of doxorubicin, and toxicity was assayed by CCK-8 (cell counting kit). RESULTS The eIF-5A2 expression levels varied among breast cancer cells. Higher expression levels correlated with decreased doxorubicin sensitivity. Silencing of eIF-5A2 significantly improved doxorubicin toxicity in all three breast cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION This study shows that eIF-5A2 plays an important role in doxorubicin chemoresistance in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feiya Du
- Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minya Yao
- Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kezhen Lv
- Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peifen Fu
- Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
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Remaining Mysteries of Molecular Biology: The Role of Polyamines in the Cell. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:3389-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Wan D, Wang X, Wu Q, Lin P, Pan Y, Sattar A, Huang L, Ahmad I, Zhang Y, Yuan Z. Integrated Transcriptional and Proteomic Analysis of Growth Hormone Suppression Mediated by Trichothecene T-2 Toxin in Rat GH3 Cells. Toxicol Sci 2015; 147:326-38. [PMID: 26141394 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to trichothecenes is known to disturb insulin-like growth factor 1 and signaling of insulin and leptin hormones and causes considerable growth retardation in animals. However, limited information was available on mechanisms underlying trichothecene-induced growth retardation. In this study, we employed an integrated transcriptomics, proteomics, and RNA interference (RNAi) approach to study the molecular mechanisms underlying trichothecene cytotoxicity in rat pituitary adenoma GH3 cells. Our results showed that trichothecenes suppressed the synthesis of growth hormone 1 (Gh1) and inhibited the eukaryotic transcription and translation initiation by suppressing aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases transcription, inducing eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2 (EIF2AK2) and reducing eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5 a. The sulfhydryl oxidases , protein disulfide isomerase,and heat shock protein 90 (were greatly reduced, which resulted in adverse regulation of protein processing and folding. Differential genes and proteins associated with a decline in energy metabolism and cell cycle arrest were also found in our study. However, use of RNAi to interfere with hemopoietic cell kinase (Hck) and EIF2AK2 transcriptions or use of chemical inhibitors of MAPK, p38, Ras, and JNK partially reversed the reduction of Gh1 levels induced by trichothecenes. It indicated that the activation of MAPKs, Hck, and EIF2AK2 were important for trichothecene-induced growth hormone suppression. Considering the potential hazards of exposure to trichothecenes, our findings could help to improve our understanding regarding human and animal health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wan
- *National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Research Center of Healthy Livestock Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Wang
- *National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- *National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues; College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China; and Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Pingping Lin
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanhu Pan
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Adeel Sattar
- *National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- *National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University
| | - Ijaz Ahmad
- *National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- *National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- *National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China;
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Quintas-Granados LI, Carvajal Gamez BI, Villalpando JL, Ortega-Lopez J, Arroyo R, Azuara-Liceaga E, Álvarez-Sánchez ME. Bifunctional activity of deoxyhypusine synthase/hydroxylase from Trichomonas vaginalis. Biochimie 2015; 123:37-51. [PMID: 26410361 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Trichomonas vaginalis genome analysis suggested the presence of a putative deoxyhypusine synthase (TvDHS) that catalyzes the posttranslational modification of eIF-5A. Herein, we expressed and purified the recombinant TvDHS (rTvDHS) protein (43 kDa) and the recombinant TveIF-5A (rTveIF-5A) precursor protein (46 kDa). A 41 kDa band of the native TvDHS was recognized by western blot analysis in T. vaginalis total protein extract by a mouse polyclonal anti-rTvDHS antibody. The enzymatic activity of rTvDHS was determined by in vitro rTveIF-5A precursor modification. The modification reaction was performed by using ((3)H)-spermidine, and the biochemical analysis showed that rTvDHS exhibited Km value of 0.6 μM. The rTvDHS activity was inhibited by the spermidine analog, N″-guanyl-1,7-diamino-heptane (GC7). Native gel electrophoresis analysis showed two bands corresponding to an rTvDHS-rTveIF-5A complex and an intermediate form of rTveIF-5A. The two forms were subsequently separated by ion exchange chromatography to identify the hypusine residue by MS/MS analysis. Moreover, mutations in TvDHS showed that the putative HE motif present in this enzyme is involved in the hydroxylation of TveIF-5A. We observed that only hypusine-containing TveIF-5A was bound to an RNA hairpin ERE structure from the cox-2 gene, which contains the AAAUGUCACAC consensus sequence. Interestingly, 2DE-WB assays, using parasites that were grown in DAB-culture conditions and transferred to exogenous putrescine, showed the new isoform of TveIF-5A. In summary, our results indicate that T. vaginalis contains an active TvDHS capable of modifying the precursor TveIF-5A protein, which subsequently exhibits RNA binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Itzel Quintas-Granados
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo #290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Bertha Isabel Carvajal Gamez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo #290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose Luis Villalpando
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo #290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Ortega-Lopez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco CP 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rossana Arroyo
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco CP 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elisa Azuara-Liceaga
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo #290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Elizbeth Álvarez-Sánchez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), San Lorenzo #290, Col. Del Valle, CP 03100, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Seko Y, Fujimura T, Yao T, Taka H, Mineki R, Okumura K, Murayama K. Secreted tyrosine sulfated-eIF5A mediates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13737. [PMID: 26348594 PMCID: PMC4562266 DOI: 10.1038/srep13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in ischemia/reperfusion-injury, atherosclerosis, and aging. It causes cell damage that leads to apoptosis via uncertain mechanisms. Because conditioned medium from cardiac myocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation induces extensive apoptosis of cardiac myocytes under normoxia, we hypothesized that a humoral factor released from the hypoxic/reoxygenated cardiac myocytes mediates apoptosis. We identified an apoptosis-inducing humoral factor in the hypoxia/reoxygenation-conditioned medium. Here, we found that eIF5A undergoes tyrosine sulfation in the trans-Golgi and is rapidly secreted from cardiac myocytes in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation; then, eIF5A induces apoptosis by acting as a pro-apoptotic ligand. The apoptosis of cardiac myocytes induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation or ultraviolet irradiation was suppressed by anti-eIF5A neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in vitro. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (but not ischemia alone) markedly increased the plasma levels of eIF5A, and treatment with anti-eIF5A neutralizing mAbs significantly reduced myocardial injury. These results identify an important, novel specific biomarker and a critical therapeutic target for oxidative stress-induced cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Seko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, 2-2-6 Nihonbashi-Bakurocho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0002, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimura
- Division of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, BioMedical Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takako Yao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, 2-2-6 Nihonbashi-Bakurocho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0002, Japan
| | - Hikari Taka
- Division of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, BioMedical Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Reiko Mineki
- Division of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, BioMedical Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kimie Murayama
- Division of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, BioMedical Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Mathews MB, Hershey JWB. The translation factor eIF5A and human cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1849:836-44. [PMID: 25979826 PMCID: PMC4732523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The eukaryotic initiation factor eIF5A is a translation factor that, unusually, has been assigned functions in both initiation and elongation. Additionally, it is implicated in transcription, mRNA turnover and nucleocytoplasmic transport. Two eIF5A isoforms are generated from distinct but related genes. The major isoform, eIF5A1, is considered constitutive, is abundantly expressed in most cells, and is essential for cell proliferation. The second isoform, eIF5A2, is expressed in few normal tissues but is highly expressed in many cancers and has been designated a candidate oncogene. Elevated expression of either isoform carries unfavorable prognostic implications for several cancers, and both have been advanced as cancer biomarkers. The amino acid hypusine, a presumptively unique eIF5A post-translational modification, is required for most known eIF5A functions and it renders eIF5A susceptible to inhibitors of the modification pathway as therapeutic targets. eIF5A has been shown to regulate a number of gene products specifically, termed the eIF5A regulon, and its role in translating proline-rich sequences has recently been identified. A model is advanced that accommodates eIF5A in both the initiation and elongation phases of translation. We review here the biochemical functions of eIF5A, the relationship of its isoforms with human cancer, and evolving clinical applications. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translation and Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Mathews
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| | - John W B Hershey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Zakari M, Trimble Ross R, Peak A, Blanchette M, Seidel C, Gerton JL. The SMC Loader Scc2 Promotes ncRNA Biogenesis and Translational Fidelity. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005308. [PMID: 26176819 PMCID: PMC4503661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Scc2-Scc4 complex is essential for loading the cohesin complex onto DNA. Cohesin has important roles in chromosome segregation, DSB repair, and chromosome condensation. Here we report that Scc2 is important for gene expression in budding yeast. Scc2 and the transcriptional regulator Paf1 collaborate to promote the production of Box H/ACA snoRNAs which guide pseudouridylation of RNAs including ribosomal RNA. Mutation of SCC2 was associated with defects in the production of ribosomal RNA, ribosome assembly, and splicing. While the scc2 mutant does not have a general defect in protein synthesis, it shows increased frameshifting and reduced cap-independent translation. These findings suggest Scc2 normally promotes a gene expression program that supports translational fidelity. We hypothesize that translational dysfunction may contribute to the human disorder Cornelia de Lange syndrome, which is caused by mutations in NIPBL, the human ortholog of SCC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musinu Zakari
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
- Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), Paris, France
| | - Rhonda Trimble Ross
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Allison Peak
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Marco Blanchette
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Chris Seidel
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Gerton
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
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Smircich P, Eastman G, Bispo S, Duhagon MA, Guerra-Slompo EP, Garat B, Goldenberg S, Munroe DJ, Dallagiovanna B, Holetz F, Sotelo-Silveira JR. Ribosome profiling reveals translation control as a key mechanism generating differential gene expression in Trypanosoma cruzi. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:443. [PMID: 26054634 PMCID: PMC4460968 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1563-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the absence of transcription initiation regulation of protein coding genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II, posttranscriptional regulation is responsible for the majority of gene expression changes in trypanosomatids. Therefore, cataloging the abundance of mRNAs (transcriptome) and the level of their translation (translatome) is a key step to understand control of gene expression in these organisms. Results Here we assess the extent of regulation of the transcriptome and the translatome in the Chagas disease causing agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, in both the non-infective (epimastigote) and infective (metacyclic trypomastigote) insect’s life stages using RNA-seq and ribosome profiling. The observed steady state transcript levels support constitutive transcription and maturation implying the existence of distinctive posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression levels at those parasite stages. Meanwhile, the downregulation of a large proportion of the translatome indicates a key role of translation control in differentiation into the infective form. The previously described proteomic data correlate better with the translatomes than with the transcriptomes and translational efficiency analysis shows a wide dynamic range, reinforcing the importance of translatability as a regulatory step. Translation efficiencies for protein families like ribosomal components are diminished while translation of the transialidase virulence factors is upregulated in the quiescent infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage. Conclusions A large subset of genes is modulated at the translation level in two different stages of Trypanosoma cruzi life cycle. Translation upregulation of virulence factors and downregulation of ribosomal proteins indicates different degrees of control operating to prepare the parasite for an infective life form. Taking together our results show that translational regulation, in addition to regulation of steady state level of mRNA, is a major factor playing a role during the parasite differentiation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1563-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Smircich
- Laboratory of Molecular Interactions, School of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. .,Department of Genetics. School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Guillermo Eastman
- Department of Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Av. Italia 3318, Montevideo, CP 11600, Uruguay.
| | - Saloe Bispo
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation Studies Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, 81350-010, Brazil.
| | - María Ana Duhagon
- Laboratory of Molecular Interactions, School of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. .,Department of Genetics. School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Eloise P Guerra-Slompo
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation Studies Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, 81350-010, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz Garat
- Laboratory of Molecular Interactions, School of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Samuel Goldenberg
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation Studies Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, 81350-010, Brazil.
| | - David J Munroe
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Bruno Dallagiovanna
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation Studies Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, 81350-010, Brazil.
| | - Fabiola Holetz
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation Studies Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, 81350-010, Brazil.
| | - Jose R Sotelo-Silveira
- Department of Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Av. Italia 3318, Montevideo, CP 11600, Uruguay. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Sciences, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Mandal A, Mandal S, Park MH. Genome-wide analyses and functional classification of proline repeat-rich proteins: potential role of eIF5A in eukaryotic evolution. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111800. [PMID: 25364902 PMCID: PMC4218817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation factor, eIF5A has been recently reported as a sequence-specific elongation factor that facilitates peptide bond formation at consecutive prolines in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as its ortholog elongation factor P (EF-P) does in bacteria. We have searched the genome databases of 35 representative organisms from six kingdoms of life for PPP (Pro-Pro-Pro) and/or PPG (Pro-Pro-Gly)-encoding genes whose expression is expected to depend on eIF5A. We have made detailed analyses of proteome data of 5 selected species, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, Mus musculus and Homo sapiens. The PPP and PPG motifs are low in the prokaryotic proteomes. However, their frequencies markedly increase with the biological complexity of eukaryotic organisms, and are higher in newly derived proteins than in those orthologous proteins commonly shared in all species. Ontology classifications of S. cerevisiae and human genes encoding the highest level of polyprolines reveal their strong association with several specific biological processes, including actin/cytoskeletal associated functions, RNA splicing/turnover, DNA binding/transcription and cell signaling. Previously reported phenotypic defects in actin polarity and mRNA decay of eIF5A mutant strains are consistent with the proposed role for eIF5A in the translation of the polyproline-containing proteins. Of all the amino acid tandem repeats (≥3 amino acids), only the proline repeat frequency correlates with functional complexity of the five organisms examined. Taken together, these findings suggest the importance of proline repeat-rich proteins and a potential role for eIF5A and its hypusine modification pathway in the course of eukaryotic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Mandal
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Swati Mandal
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Myung Hee Park
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Menon B, Gulappa T, Menon KMJ. Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A plays an essential role in luteinizing hormone receptor regulation. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:1796-806. [PMID: 25216047 PMCID: PMC4213366 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Down-regulation of LH receptor (LHR) in the ovary by its ligand is mediated by a specific RNA-binding protein, designated LH receptor mRNA-binding protein (LRBP), through translational suppression and mRNA degradation. Using yeast 2-hybrid screens, we previously identified eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) as one of the proteins that interacts with LRBP during LHR mRNA down-regulation. The present study examined the role of eIF5A and its hypusination in the context of LHR mRNA down-regulation. The association of eIF5A with LRBP or LHR mRNA was determined using immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. The results showed that the association of eIF5A with the LHR mRNA-LRBP complex increased significantly during down-regulation. Furthermore, gel fractionation and the hypusination activity assay both showed increased hypusination of eIF5A during LHR mRNA down-regulation. Abolishment of hypusination by pretreatment with the chemical inhibitor GC7 prevented the association of eIF5A with LHR mRNA and LRBP. Inhibition of hypusination also reduced the extent of ligand-induced down-regulation of LHR mRNA as well as the expression of functional LHRs assessed by real-time PCR and (125)I-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) binding assays, respectively. The loss of human chorionic gonadotropin-mediated downstream signaling during LHR down-regulation was also restored by inhibition of hypusination of eIF5A. Thus, the present study, for the first time, reveals the crucial role of eIF5A and its hypusination in the regulation of LHR expression in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Menon
- Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0617
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Abstract
In addition to the small and large ribosomal subunits, aminoacyl-tRNAs, and an mRNA, cellular protein synthesis is dependent on translation factors. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) and its bacterial ortholog elongation factor P (EF-P) were initially characterized based on their ability to stimulate methionyl-puromycin (Met-Pmn) synthesis, a model assay for protein synthesis; however, the function of these factors in cellular protein synthesis has been difficult to resolve. Interestingly, a conserved lysine residue in eIF5A is post-translationally modified to hypusine and the corresponding lysine residue in EF-P from at least some bacteria is modified by the addition of a β-lysine moiety. In this review, we provide a summary of recent data that have identified a novel role for the translation factor eIF5A and its hypusine modification in the elongation phase of protein synthesis and more specifically in stimulating the production of proteins containing runs of consecutive proline residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E. Dever
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erik Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Byung-Sik Shin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Singh S, Raju K, Jatekar D, Dinesh N, Paul MS, Sobhia ME. Leishmania donovani eukaryotic initiation factor 5A: molecular characterization, localization and homology modelling studies. Microb Pathog 2014; 73:37-46. [PMID: 24909104 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is a small acidic protein highly conserved from archaea to mammals. eIF5A is the only protein which undergoes a unique lysine residue modification to hypusine. Hypusinylation is important for the function of eIF5A which is reported to be essential for cell viability. eIF5A promotes formation of the first peptide bond at the onset of protein synthesis. However, its function in Leishmania donovani is unclear. The present study focuses on the characterization and localization of L. donovani eIF5A protein. The eIF5A gene contains an ORF of 501×bp encoding 166 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass and isoelectric point of 17.8 kDa and 4.83 respectively. A phylogenetic tree analysis revealed its close proximity to trypanosomes however it is distantly located from Trichomonas vaginalis and Plasmodium falciparum. The L. donovani eIF5A was expressed as a 6× His tagged protein whose identity was confirmed by western blot and MALDI. Biophysical investigation by CD revealed the predominant presence of 49% β sheet structure which correlated well with secondary structure prediction. To gain insight into the role of eIF5A in L. donovani, we investigated the subcellular distribution of eIF5A. A GFP-fusion of L. donovani eIF5A was found to be localized in cytoplasm as confirmed by subcellular fractionation. Our studies indicated that eIF5A is primarily localized to cytoplasm and is undetectable in nuclear fraction. The homology model of eIF5A of L. donovani was built and the resulting model showed acceptable Ramachandran statistics. The model is reliable and can be used to study eIF5A binding with its effector molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India.
| | - K Raju
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Deepika Jatekar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Neeradi Dinesh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - M Stanley Paul
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, SAS Nagar Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - M E Sobhia
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, SAS Nagar Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
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Sievert H, Pällmann N, Miller KK, Hermans-Borgmeyer I, Venz S, Sendoel A, Preukschas M, Schweizer M, Boettcher S, Janiesch PC, Streichert T, Walther R, Hengartner MO, Manz MG, Brümmendorf TH, Bokemeyer C, Braig M, Hauber J, Duncan KE, Balabanov S. A novel mouse model for inhibition of DOHH-mediated hypusine modification reveals a crucial function in embryonic development, proliferation and oncogenic transformation. Dis Model Mech 2014; 7:963-76. [PMID: 24832488 PMCID: PMC4107325 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.014449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The central importance of translational control by post-translational modification has spurred major interest in regulatory pathways that control translation. One such pathway uniquely adds hypusine to eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), and thereby affects protein synthesis and, subsequently, cellular proliferation through an unknown mechanism. Using a novel conditional knockout mouse model and a Caenorhabditis elegans knockout model, we found an evolutionarily conserved role for the DOHH-mediated second step of hypusine synthesis in early embryonic development. At the cellular level, we observed reduced proliferation and induction of senescence in 3T3 Dohh-/- cells as well as reduced capability for malignant transformation. Furthermore, mass spectrometry showed that deletion of DOHH results in an unexpected complete loss of hypusine modification. Our results provide new biological insight into the physiological roles of the second step of the hypusination of eIF5A. Moreover, the conditional mouse model presented here provides a powerful tool for manipulating hypusine modification in a temporal and spatial manner, to analyse both how this unique modification normally functions in vivo as well as how it contributes to different pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Sievert
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nora Pällmann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharine K Miller
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irm Hermans-Borgmeyer
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Venz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ataman Sendoel
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Preukschas
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Boettcher
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Christoph Janiesch
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Streichert
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Walther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael O Hengartner
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus G Manz
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tim H Brümmendorf
- Clinic for Internal Medicine IV, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Braig
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Hauber
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kent E Duncan
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Balabanov
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Li T, Belda-Palazón B, Ferrando A, Alepuz P. Fertility and polarized cell growth depends on eIF5A for translation of polyproline-rich formins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 2014; 197:1191-200. [PMID: 24923804 PMCID: PMC4125393 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.114.166926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
eIF5A is an essential and evolutionary conserved translation elongation factor, which has recently been proposed to be required for the translation of proteins with consecutive prolines. The binding of eIF5A to ribosomes occurs upon its activation by hypusination, a modification that requires spermidine, an essential factor for mammalian fertility that also promotes yeast mating. We show that in response to pheromone, hypusinated eIF5A is required for shmoo formation, localization of polarisome components, induction of cell fusion proteins, and actin assembly in yeast. We also show that eIF5A is required for the translation of Bni1, a proline-rich formin involved in polarized growth during shmoo formation. Our data indicate that translation of the polyproline motifs in Bni1 is eIF5A dependent and this translation dependency is lost upon deletion of the polyprolines. Moreover, an exogenous increase in Bni1 protein levels partially restores the defect in shmoo formation seen in eIF5A mutants. Overall, our results identify eIF5A as a novel and essential regulator of yeast mating through formin translation. Since eIF5A and polyproline formins are conserved across species, our results also suggest that eIF5A-dependent translation of formins could regulate polarized growth in such processes as fertility and cancer in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlu Li
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Borja Belda-Palazón
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Ferrando
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Alepuz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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50
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Tiburcio AF, Altabella T, Bitrián M, Alcázar R. The roles of polyamines during the lifespan of plants: from development to stress. PLANTA 2014; 240:1-18. [PMID: 24659098 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-014-2055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Compelling evidence indicates that free polyamines (PAs) (mainly putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and its isomer thermospermine), some PA conjugates to hydroxycinnamic acids, and the products of PA oxidation (hydrogen peroxide and γ-aminobutyric acid) are required for different processes in plant development and participate in abiotic and biotic stress responses. A tight regulation of PA homeostasis is required, since depletion or overaccumulation of PAs can be detrimental for cell viability in many organisms. In plants, homeostasis is achieved by modulation of PA biosynthesis, conjugation, catabolism, and transport. However, recent data indicate that such mechanisms are not mere modulators of PA pools but actively participate in PA functions. Examples are found in the spermidine-dependent eiF5A hypusination required for cell division, PA hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates required for pollen development, and the involvement of thermospermine in cell specification. Recent advances also point to implications of PA transport in stress tolerance, PA-dependent transcriptional and translational modulation of genes and transcripts, and posttranslational modifications of proteins. Overall, the molecular mechanisms identified suggest that PAs are intricately coordinated and/or mediate different stress and developmental pathways during the lifespan of plants.
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