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Komatsu Y, Tsuda M, Wada Y, Shibasaki T, Nakamura H, Miyaji K. Nutritional Evaluation of Milk-, Plant-, and Insect-Based Protein Materials by Protein Digestibility Using the INFOGEST Digestion Method. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2503-2513. [PMID: 36695832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The INFOGEST method is a valuable tool for understanding and monitoring food digestion as an alternative to in vivo assays. However, few studies have compared animal and alternative protein sources in terms of protein quality using the INFOGEST method. This study aimed to evaluate the protein quality of milk-, plant-, and insect-based protein materials by in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS), following the INFOGEST method. Milk-based protein materials had the highest protein digestibility (86.1-90.8%), followed by soy (85.1%) and wheat (82.3%). These materials had significantly higher protein digestibility compared with zein (65.1%), cricket (63.6%), and mealworm (69.5%). Additionally, the mean values of in vitro DIAAS of milk-based protein materials (105.0-137.5) were higher than those of plant- and insect-based protein materials (1.9-91.0). Milk-based protein materials have higher protein quality than plant- and insect-based protein materials by the nutritional evaluation following the INFOGEST digestion method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Komatsu
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
- Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Sapporo001-0021, Japan
| | - Muneya Tsuda
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Wada
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
- Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Sapporo001-0021, Japan
| | - Takuya Shibasaki
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Nakamura
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Miyaji
- Health Care & Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd., Zama252-8583, Japan
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Mitchell P. Translocations through natural membranes. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 29:33-87. [PMID: 4235731 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122747.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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3
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Mailliard ME, Stevens BR, Mann GE. Amino acid transport by small intestinal, hepatic, and pancreatic epithelia. Gastroenterology 1995; 108:888-910. [PMID: 7875494 DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M E Mailliard
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
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Maringhini A, Nelson DK, Jones JD, Dimagno EP. Is the plasma amino acid consumption test an accurate test of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency? Gastroenterology 1994; 106:488-93. [PMID: 8299915 DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(94)90609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The amino acid consumption test has been proposed as an accurate test of exocrine pancreatic function. The diagnostic accuracy of this test was determined by simultaneously measuring plasma amino acids and enzyme secretion during stimulation of the pancreas with cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-OP) in 60 consecutive patients suspected of having pancreatic insufficiency. METHODS All patients underwent duodenal intubation and intravenous infusion of CCK-OP (40 ng.kg-1.h-1). Pancreatic enzyme (lipase and trypsin) outputs and plasma amino acids were measured for a period of 1 hour. Total and individual plasma amino acids were quantitated by ion-exchange chromatography. The severity of pancreatic insufficiency was graded on the basis of enzyme output during CCK-OP infusion. RESULTS There was no relationship between pancreatic enzyme output and plasma concentrations of individual or total amino acids before or during CCK-OP stimulation. Using a total amino acid decrease of 12% as the cutoff, the amino acid consumption test was 91% sensitive, but very nonspecific (21% specificity) for detection of pancreatic insufficiency. CONCLUSIONS The amino acid consumption test with CCK-OP stimulation does not discriminate between patients with normal and impaired exocrine pancreatic secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maringhini
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota
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Gullo L. Effect of pancreatic polypeptide, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and glucagon on plasma amino acid uptake by human pancreas. Gastroenterology 1991; 100:1095-9. [PMID: 1900491 DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(91)90287-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of pancreatic polypeptide, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and glucagon on plasma amino acid uptake by the exocrine pancreas were studied in 12 healthy volunteers aged 22-31 years. Pancreatic amino acid uptake was determined by measuring free plasma amino acid concentration before and during pancreatic stimulation with cerulein (50 ng/kg.h). The administration of this peptide caused a significant decrease (by 14%-20%) in plasma amino acid concentration. Pancreatic polypeptide and thyrotropin-releasing hormone, given at respective doses of 195 pmol/kg.h and 2 micrograms/kg.h, significantly prevented this decrease by 79.3% and 55.8%, respectively. Glucagon, administered at a dose of 7.5 micrograms/kg.h, significantly augmented (by 68.8%) the decreasing effect of cerulein on plasma amino acid concentration. In 2 patients with severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, cerulein had no effect on the concentration of plasma amino acids, whereas the addition of glucagon caused a marked decrease. The results indicate that pancreatic polypeptide and thyrotropin-releasing hormone are able to inhibit plasma amino acid uptake by pancreatic acinar cells; this inhibitory effect could be a mechanism by which these peptides decrease pancreatic enzyme secretion. Glucagon does not seem to affect pancreatic amino acid uptake, at least not under the experimental conditions of this study. The decrease in plasma amino acid concentration following glucagon administration was likely the result of the stimulation of amino acid uptake by extrapancreatic tissues by this peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gullo
- Unit for the Study of Pancreatic Disease, University of Bologna, St. Orsola Hospital, Italy
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Abstract
We studied the effect of somatostatin on amino acid uptake by pancreatic acinar cells in 12 healthy male volunteers, aged 20-48 yr. Pancreatic amino acid uptake was assessed by measuring free plasma amino acid concentration before and during pancreatic stimulation with secretin (1 CU/kg body wt.h) and cerulein (50 ng/kg body wt.h). Pancreatic stimulation with these peptides caused a significant decrease in plasma amino acid concentrations. Somatostatin, given at the dosages of 0.15 and 1.35 micrograms/kg body wt.h, significantly diminished this decrease. The effect of the higher dose of somatostatin was more marked than that produced by the lower dose, compatible with dose dependence. The results suggest that somatostatin is able to inhibit the amino acid uptake by the pancreatic acinar cells. This inhibitory effect could be an important mechanism by which the peptide decreases pancreatic enzyme secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gullo
- Institute of Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, St. Orsola Hospital, Italy
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7
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Jauch P, Läuger P. Kinetics of the Na+/alanine cotransporter in pancreatic acinar cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1988; 939:179-88. [PMID: 3355814 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(88)90061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Electric currents associated with Na+-coupled alanine transport in pancreatic acinar cells were investigated by the technique of tight-seal whole-cell recordings. In a previous study the observed concentration dependence of alanine-dependent currents was found to be consistent with a 'simultaneous' transport mechanism with 1:1 stoichiometry. In the present work the sidedness of the cotransporter was investigated by comparing inward (I") and outward currents (I') measured under mirror-symmetrical conditions. I' and I" were found to be nearly equal (within a factor of approx. 2) in a wide range of Na+ and alanine concentrations. The transport model was further tested by 'infinite-cis' experiments with fixed, saturating concentrations of Na+ and L-alanine on one side of the membrane and variable concentrations on the other. By measuring transmembrane currents as a function of Na+ and alanine concentrations, numerical values of the equilibrium dissociation constants of both substrates could be estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jauch
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, F.R.G
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Norman PS, Mann GE. Transport characteristics of system A in the rat exocrine pancreatic epithelium analyzed using the specific non-metabolized amino acid analogue alpha-methylaminoisobutyric acid. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1986; 861:389-94. [PMID: 3019406 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(86)90445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The selectivity and kinetics of system A amino acid transport in the rat exocrine pancreatic epithelium were characterized using the specific analogue alpha-methylaminoisobutyric acid. Unidirectional influx of alpha-methylaminoisobutyric acid was measured in isolated perfused pancreata by rapid dual tracer dilution. In cross-inhibition experiments DL-methylalanine, L-serine, L-cysteine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-glutamine were effective inhibitors of influx, whereas L-glutamate and L-lysine were less effective. In the presence of sodium alpha-methylaminoisobutyric acid influx was saturable with an apparent Kt = 1.7 +/- 0.2 mM and Vmax = 0.49 +/- 0.03 mumol/min per g (mean +/- S.E., n = 6). Influx of alpha-methylaminoisobutyric acid at 50 microM and 100 microM concentrations was significantly inhibited as the perfusate sodium concentration was gradually decreased from 156 mM to 26 mM by isoosmolar choline replacement. Estimated Kt values for sodium at these two methylaminoisobutyric acid concentrations approximated 200 mM. System A activity in the basolateral membrane of the exocrine pancreatic epithelium exhibits a high transport affinity, a wide tolerance for different amino acids and a dependency upon the extracellular sodium concentration.
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Mann GE, Peran S. Basolateral amino acid transport systems in the perfused exocrine pancreas: sodium-dependency and kinetic interactions between influx and efflux mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1986; 858:263-74. [PMID: 3087423 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(86)90331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Basolateral amino acid transport systems have been characterized in the perfused exocrine pancreas using a high-resolution paired-tracer dilution technique. Significant epithelial uptakes were measured for L-alanine, L-serine, alpha-methylaminoisobutyric acid, glycine, methionine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and L-arginine, whereas L-tryptophan and L-aspartate had low uptakes. alpha-Methylaminoisobutyric acid transport was highly sodium dependent (81 +/- 3%), while uptake of L-serine, L-leucine and L-phenylalanine was relatively insensitive to perfusion with a sodium-free solution. Cross-inhibition experiments of L-alanine and L-phenylalanine transport by twelve unlabelled amino acids indicated overlapping specificities. Unidirectional L-phenylalanine transport was saturable (Kt = 16 +/- 1 mM, Vmax = 12.3 +/- 0.4 mumol/min per g), and weighted non-linear regression analysis indicated that influx was best described by a single Michaelis-Menten equation. The Vmax/Kt ratio (0.75) for L-phenylalanine remained unchanged in the presence of 10 mM L-serine. Although extremely difficult to fit, L-serine transport appeared to be mediated by two saturable carriers (Kt1 = 5.2 mM, Vmax1 = 7.56 mumol/min per g; Kt2 = 32.8 mM, Vmax2 = 22.9 mumol/min per g). In the presence of 10 mM L-phenylalanine the Vmax/Kt ratio for the two L-serine carriers was reduced, respectively, by 79% and 50%. Efflux of transported L-[3H]phenylalanine or L-[3H]serine was accelerated by increasing perfusate concentrations of, respectively, L-phenylalanine and L-serine, and trans-stimulated by other amino acids. In the pancreas neutral amino acid transport appears to be mediated by Na+-dependent Systems A and ASC, the classical Na+-independent System L and another Na+-independent System asc recently identified in erythrocytes. The interactions in amino acid influx and efflux may provide one of the mechanisms by which the supply of extracellular amino acids for pancreatic protein synthesis is regulated.
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Jauch P, Petersen OH, Läuger P. Electrogenic properties of the sodium-alanine cotransporter in pancreatic acinar cells: I. Tight-seal whole-cell recordings. J Membr Biol 1986; 94:99-115. [PMID: 3560201 DOI: 10.1007/bf01871191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrical currents associated with sodium-coupled alanine transport in mouse pancreatic acinar cells were studied using the method of whole-cell recording with patch pipettes. Single cells or small clusters of (electrically coupled) cells were isolated by collagenase treatment. The composition of the intracellular solution could be controlled by internal perfusion of the patch pipette. In this way both inward and outward currents could be measured under "zero-trans" conditions, i.e., with finite concentrations of sodium and L-alanine on one side and zero concentrations on the other. Inward and outward currents for equal but opposite concentration gradients were found to be of similar magnitude, meaning that the cotransporter is functionally nearly symmetric. The dependence of current on the concentrations of sodium and L-alanine exhibited a Michaelis-Menten behavior. From the sodium-concentration dependence of current as well as from the reversal potential of the current in the presence of an alanine-concentration gradient, a sodium/alanine stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 can be inferred. The finding that N-methylated amino acids may substitute for L-alanine, as well as the observed pH dependence of currents indicate that the pancreatic alanine transport system is similar to (or identical with) the "A-system" which is widespread in animal cells. The transport system is tightly coupled with respect to Na+; alanine-coupled inward flow of Na+ is at least 30 times higher than uncoupled Na+ flow mediated by the cotransporter. The current-voltage characteristic of the cotransporter could be (approximately) determined from the difference of transmembrane current in the presence and in the absence of L-alanine. The sodium-concentration dependence of the current-voltage characteristic indicates that a Na+ ion approaching the binding site from the extracellular medium has to cross part of the transmembrane electric field.
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Domschke S, Heptner G, Kolb S, Sailer D, Schneider MU, Domschke W. Decrease in plasma amino acid level after secretin and pancreozymin as an indicator of exocrine pancreatic function. Gastroenterology 1986; 90:1031-8. [PMID: 3949104 DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(86)90883-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Total plasma amino acids were determined by the ninhydrin method in 37 controls and 30 patients with chronic pancreatitis and normal (n = 7) pancreatic enzyme output or mildly (n = 6), moderately (n = 8), and severely (n = 9) reduced pancreatic enzyme output. Intravenous injection of synthetic secretin did not change plasma amino acid levels. During a combined intravenous infusion of secretin (1 CU/kg X h) and pancreozymin (1 Ivy dog unit/kg X h), amino acid concentrations decreased maximally by 31% +/- 19% (mean +/- SD) in controls, but only by 6.3% +/- 4.7% in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (p less than 0.001 vs. controls). At a cutoff limit of less than or equal to 12% for the decrease in total amino acids, mild exocrine insufficiency (20%-40% of mean normal chymotrypsin output) was identified with a sensitivity of 67%, whereas moderately to severely impaired function was detected in every case (overall sensitivity 91%). Pancreatic function, as assessed by duodenal intubation and the tubeless amino acid test, was significantly correlated (e.g., rs = 0.73 for chymotrypsin output, p much less than 0.001). In 15 controls and 13 patients with mildly (n = 5) to severely impaired pancreatic function, individual amino acids were estimated. Plasma serine kinetics completely distinguished both groups. Kinetics of serine, valine, isoleucine, and histidine correlated even better with pancreatic function than those of total amino acids.
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12
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Chapter 11 Coupled transport of metabolites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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13
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Smith SA, Marston FA, Dickson AJ, Pogson CI. Control of enzyme activities in rat liver by tryptophan and its metabolites. Biochem Pharmacol 1979; 28:1645-51. [PMID: 475824 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(79)90178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Case RM. Synthesis, intracellular transport and discharge of exportable proteins in the pancreatic acinar cell and other cells. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 1978; 53:211-354. [PMID: 208670 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.1978.tb01437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Tyrakowski T, Milutinović S, Schulz I. Studies on isolated subcellular components of cat pancreas. III. Alanine-sodium cotransport in isolated plasma membrane vesicles. J Membr Biol 1978; 38:333-46. [PMID: 633354 DOI: 10.1007/bf01870150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Transport of alanine was studied in isolated plasma membrane vesicles from cat pancreas using a rapid filtration technique. The uptake is osmotically sensitive and the kinetics of L-alanine transport are biphasic showing a saturable and a nonsaturable component. The saturable component is seen only when a sodium gradient directed from the medium to the vesicular space is present. Under this condition an overshooting uptake of L-but not of D-alanine occurs. The Na+ gradient stimulated uptake of L-alanine is inhibited by L-serine and L-leucine and stimulated when the membrane vesicles had been preloaded with L-alanine, L-serine or L-leucine. The ionophore monensin inhibits stimulation of uptake caused by a sodium gradient. In the presence of valinomycin or carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (CFCCP), the sodium-dependent transport is augmented in vesicles preloaded with K2SO4 or H+ ions (intravesicular pH 5.5), respectively. In the presence of different anions, the Na+-dependent transport is stimulated according to increasing anionic penetration through membrane (lipid solubility). We conclude that a sodium dedpendent electrogenic amino acid transport system is present in pancreatic plasma membranes.
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Bieger W, Peter S, Kern HF. Amino acid transport in the rat exocrine pancreas. I. Transport of neutral amino acids and their utilization in protein synthesis. Cell Tissue Res 1977; 180:31-44. [PMID: 872187 DOI: 10.1007/bf00227028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The transport and utilization of three neutral amino acids in protein synthesis was studied using isolated pancreatic lobules in vitro. The significance of the extracellular and intracellular amino acid pool in this process was analyzed removing the extracellular pool (labeled by inulin) by a cold-wash procedure. This was especially useful in short-term experiments. Double-labeling experiments indicated a predominant utilization of the intracellular amino acid pool during protein synthesis. The advantage of isolated pancreatic lobule preparations compared to tissue fragments or slices was emphasized by fine structural studies. Using freeze-etching techniques on the same preparations, differences in the distribution of membrane particles between luminal and lateral plasma membranes described earlier were confirmed, as well as the abundant occurrence of gap junctions on both membrane faces.
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Nixon RA, Suva M, Wolf MK. Neurotoxicity of a non-metabolizable amino acid, 1-aminocyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid: antagonism by amino acids in cultures of cerebellum. J Neurochem 1976; 27:245-51. [PMID: 956827 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb01571.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Cheneval JP, Johnstone RM. Changes in amino acid transport in the rat pancreas in response to fasting and feeding. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 433:630-7. [PMID: 1276195 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(76)90286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transport of amino acids (in vitro) in the rat pancreas is affected by the nutritional state of the animal. A fast of 24 h (young animals) or 48 h (adult animals) reduces the rate of amino acid uptake in the isolated rat pancreas in vitro. In contrast, refeeding of animals after a fast shows an increase in transport in young as well as adult animals. The effects of refeeding after a fast are mimicked to a significant extent by injection of mixtures of pancreozymin and carbamylcholine. Addition of these agents in vitro has no effect. The incorporation of amino acids into the total proteins of the rat pancreas follows the pattern of amino acid uptake. Even at high external levels of glycine (5 mM), incorporation increases although the glycine level in the cell is in excess of 25 mM. Reduction of glycine uptake by ouabain by 75% results in a substantial (44%) diminution of amino acid incorporation into proteins. The data suggest that inhibition of amino acid incorporation under the various metabolic conditions examined is due largely to a decreased availability of amino acids.
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Nixon RA. Neurotoxicity of a non-metabolizable amino acid, 1 -aminocyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid (ACPC): ACPC transport mechanisms in tissues. Biochem Pharmacol 1976; 25:726-9. [PMID: 1275953 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(76)90252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kones RJ. Insulin, andeyl cyclate, ions, and the heart. TRANSACTIONS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 1974; 36:738-74. [PMID: 4156942 DOI: 10.1111/j.2164-0947.1974.tb01608.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Miller DS, Burrill P, Lerner J. Distinct components of neutral amino acid transport in chick small intestine. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. A, COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 1974; 47:767-77. [PMID: 4156233 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(74)90036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Guidotti GG. [Amino acid transport across the cell membrane. Insulin regulation]. ACTA DIABETOLOGICA LATINA 1971; 8:1201-7. [PMID: 5147441 DOI: 10.1007/bf01550922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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23
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Lin KT, Johnstone RM. Active transport of glycine by mouse pancreas. Evidence against the Na + gradient hypothesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 249:144-58. [PMID: 5141122 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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24
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Jarman M, Kuszmann J, Stock JA. Aminoacyl nucleosides derived from the tumour inhibitor, 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid. Biochem Pharmacol 1969; 18:2473-84. [PMID: 4935102 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(69)90363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Belkhode ML, Scholefield PG. Interactions between amino acids during transport and exchanage diffusion in Novikoff and Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 173:290-301. [PMID: 5774779 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Clayman S, Scholefield PG. The uptake of amino acids by mouse pancreas in vitro. IV. The role of exchange diffusion. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 173:277-89. [PMID: 5774778 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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27
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Magaña-Schwencke N, Schwencke J. A proline transport system in Saccharomyces chevalieri. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 173:313-23. [PMID: 5774781 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Blomquist L. Species differences in the accumulation of 4-iodophenylalanine in the exocrine pancreas. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1969; 28:777-82. [PMID: 4976032 DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(69)92112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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29
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Clayman S, Swaminathan CV, Scholefield PG. Transport and exchange diffusion of amino acids by in vitro preparations of pancreas from normal, tumor-bearing and alcohol-treated mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1968; 31:553-7. [PMID: 5656246 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(68)90513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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30
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Ferguson JC. Transport of amino acids by starfish digestive glands. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1968; 24:921-31. [PMID: 5650498 DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(68)90804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Scholefield PG, Clayman S. Mechanisms of metabolite transport in various tissues. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 1968; 29:173-84. [PMID: 4898329 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)64155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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A common step in the intestinal absorption mechanisms of d- and l-methionine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(67)90069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bolotina IA, Markovich DS, Volkenstein MV, Zavodsky P. Investigation of the conformation of D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1967; 132:260-70. [PMID: 4382210 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(67)90145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Active Transport and Ion Accumulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4831-9712-8.50013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Rowe PB, Wyngaarden JB. The Mechanism of Dietary Alterations in Rat Hepatic Xanthine Oxidase Levels. J Biol Chem 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)96382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Grenson M, Mousset M, Wiame JM, Bechet J. Multiplicity of the amino acid permeases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Evidence for a specific arginine-transporting system. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1966; 127:325-38. [PMID: 5964977 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(66)90387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Folbergrová J. Incorporation of labelled amino acids into the proteins of brain cortex slices in vitro in the presence of other non-radioactive amino acids. J Neurochem 1966; 13:553-62. [PMID: 5939730 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1966.tb11951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Bégin N, Scholefield PG. The uptake of amino acids by mouse pancreas in vitro. 3. The kinetic characteristics of the transport of L-proline. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1965; 104:566-73. [PMID: 5855061 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(65)90362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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