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Jones GP, Watson TG, Sinclair AJ, Birkett A, Dunt N, Nair SS, Tonkin SY. Santalbic acid from quandong kernels and oil fed to rats affects kidney and liver P450. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2014; 8:211-5. [PMID: 24394165 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-6047.1999.00112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Kernels of the plant Santalum acuminatum (quandong) are eaten as Australian 'bush foods'. They are rich in oil and contain relatively large amounts of the acetylenic fatty acid, santalbic acid (trans-11-octadecen-9-ynoic acid), whose chemical structure is unlike that of normal dietary fatty acids. When rats were fed high fat diets in which oil from quandong kernels supplied 50% of dietary energy, the proportion of santalbic acid absorbed was more than 90%. Feeding quandong oil elevated not only total hepatic cytochrome P450 but also the cytochrome P450 4A subgroup of enzymes as shown by a specific immunoblotting technique. A purified methyl santalbate preparation isolated from quandong oil was fed to rats at 9% of dietary energy for 4 days and this also elevated cytochrome P450 4A in both kidney and liver microsomes in comparison with methyl esters from canola oil. Santalbic acid appears to be metabolized differently from the usual dietary fatty acids and the consumption of oil from quandong kernels may cause perturbations in normal fatty acid biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Jones
- School of Health Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Minks AK, Roelofs WL, Ritter FJ, Persoons CJ. Reproductive isolation of two tortricid moth species by different ratios of a two-component sex attractant. Science 2010; 180:1073-4. [PMID: 17806586 DOI: 10.1126/science.180.4090.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Two tortricid mitoth species, Adoxophyes orana and Clepsis spectrana, utilize the samne two isomers, cis-9- and cis-l1-tetradecenyl acetate, as their sex attractant. Commnlunication between the sexes of each species is separated effectively by a different blendinig of both compounds by the females and a different response to these blends by the males.
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Ghebreyessus KY, Ellern A, Angelici RJ. Equilibrium Studies of the Binding of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters to Palladium(II). Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om049009q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arkady Ellern
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
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Daniel ZCTR, Richards SE, Salter AM, Buttery PJ. Insulin and dexamethasone regulate stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA levels and fatty acid synthesis in ovine adipose tissue explants1,2. J Anim Sci 2004; 82:231-7. [PMID: 14753366 DOI: 10.2527/2004.821231x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sheep adipose tissue explants were maintained in culture for 24 h in the presence of insulin, dexamethasone, or insulin and dexamethasone, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) messenger RNA (mRNA) levels and fatty acid synthesis were measured. Insulin increased SCD mRNA levels (P = 0.008) and synthesis of both saturated (P = 0.07) and unsaturated (P < 0.001) fatty acids but had the greatest effect on unsaturated fatty acid synthesis, resulting in the overall production of a greater (P < 0.001) proportion of monounsaturated fat. Dexamethasone, alone, had the opposite effect but actually potentiated the effect of insulin in stimulating SCD expression and both saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis, without affecting the relative proportions of each. Across adipose tissue depots, the effect of hormones was similar, although the increase in SCD mRNA levels (P = 0.008) and monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis (P < 0.001) was greater in subcutaneous adipose tissue than in the internal (omental and perirenal) depots. These data clearly show that, in ovine adipose tissue, changes in SCD gene expression in response to insulin and dexamethasone are associated with changes in monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis and suggest that it may be possible to develop strategies to manipulate sheep tissues to produce a less-saturated fatty acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C T R Daniel
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
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Momchilova S, Nikolova-Damyanova B. Stationary phases for silver ion chromatography of lipids: Preparation and properties. J Sep Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200390032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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El Alaoui H, Bata J, Peyret P, Vivarès CP. Encephalitozoon cuniculi (Microspora): characterization of a phospholipid metabolic pathway potentially linked to therapeutics. Exp Parasitol 2001; 98:171-9. [PMID: 11560410 DOI: 10.1006/expr.2001.4635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid metabolism of the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi, an obligate intracellular parasite, has been investigated. Labeled precursor incorporation experiments have shown that phosphatidylserine decarboxylase and phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase are more active in cells infected by E. cuniculi than in uninfected cells. In contrast, no difference was observed in the activity of Kennedy pathway's enzymes, the mammalian pathway. This suggests the occurrence in microsporidia of a bacteria- and fungi-typical pathway for phospholipid synthesis, which is supported by the identification of two genes implicated in this pathway, the cds gene encoding the key enzyme CDP-diacylglycerol synthase (E.C. 2.7.7.41) and the pss gene for CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase. The pss gene could encode phosphatidylserine synthase (E.C. 2.7.8.8.), which catalyses the de novo synthesis of phosphatidylserine in bacteria and fungi. The complete CDP-diacylglycerol synthase messenger has been isolated and shows very short 5' and 3' untranslated regions. This is strong evidence for the functionality of a metabolic pathway which could be a potential target against microsporidia which infect humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- H El Alaoui
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, LBP, UMR CNRS 6023, Biologie A, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France
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El Alaoui H, Bata J, Bauchart D, Doré JC, Vivarès CP. Lipids of three microsporidian species and multivariate analysis of the host-parasite relationship. J Parasitol 2001; 87:554-9. [PMID: 11426718 DOI: 10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0554:lotmsa]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporal lipids of 3 microsporidia, Encephalitozoon cuniculi from mammals and Glugea atherinae and Spraguea lophii from fishes, were investigated. High phospholipid levels were found (54.8-64.5% of total lipids), which is in agreement with the presence of highly developed internal membranes in microsporidian spores. Sphingomyelin was not detected in G. atherinae. Triglycerides (less than 10% of total lipids), cholesterol, and free fatty acids were identified in all species. Analysis of fatty acids from the phospholipid fraction revealed the predominance of docosahexaenoic acid (30-40% of total phospholipid fatty acids) in G. atherinae and S. lophii and oleic acid (25.8% of total phospholipid fatty acids) in E. cuniculi. The 3 microsporidia possessed a significant amount of branched-chain fatty acids (iso and anteiso forms) not found in the hosts, supporting the existence of some parasite-specific metabolic steps for these fatty acids. On the basis of phospholipid fatty acid profiles, host-parasite relationships were investigated through correspondence factorial analysis. It shows 3 distinct clusters with the first corresponding to fishes, the second to fish parasites, and the third to E. cuniculi and its host cell. These data suggest that the mammal microsporidia developing within parasitophorous vacuoles are more dependent on host cells than the fish microsporidia that induce cystlike structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H El Alaoui
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, LBP, UMR CNRS 6023, Université Blaise Pascal, Aubière, France
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Dobson G, Christie WW, Nikolova-Damyanova B. Silver ion chromatography of lipids and fatty acids. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1995; 671:197-222. [PMID: 8520692 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00157-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Silver ion chromatography as applied to the analysis of lipids is reviewed. Thin-layer, column, high-performance liquid and supercritical fluid chromatography in the silver ion mode are included. The lipid types covered are fatty acids, triacylglycerols and complex lipids. Separations are divided into those according to number, geometry and position of double bonds, as well as acyl positional isomers for triacylglycerols. The mechanism of silver ion chromatography is discussed in relation to recent studies using silver ion high-performance liquid chromatographic methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dobson
- Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
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Abstract
To test whether vitamin E deficiency might influence the course of essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency, Long Evans rats were fed diets containing a marginal amount (1.5% of calories) of 18:2 omega 6 or 18:3 omega 3 fatty acid with complete absence of the other and with or without vitamin E. Vitamin E contents decreased continuously in serum and liver in all rats fed the E-free diets but in the brains of only the rats fed the marginal 18:3 omega 3, E-free diet. It is considered that the vitamin E is cooxidized in the liver with 22:6 omega 3, since this fatty acid is very low in livers of the rats fed the marginal 18:2 omega 6 diet but much higher in livers of the rats fed the marginal 18:3 omega 3 diet. Brain 22:6 omega 3 values are comparable for both groups. The source of 22:6 omega 3 is evidently in the mother's milk, since following weaning there is a precipitous drop in 22:6 omega 3 in serum, liver and carcass of rats on the 18:2 omega 6--containing diet. No significant signs of EFA deficiency were seen in the E-deficient rats.
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Bauchart D, Aurousseau B. Preparation of heptadecenoic acid fromCandida tropicallisyeast. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1980. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02678820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Bauchart
- Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme Energétique; I.N.R.A.-C.R.Z.V.-THEIX; 63110 Beaumont France
| | - B. Aurousseau
- Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme Energétique; I.N.R.A.-C.R.Z.V.-THEIX; 63110 Beaumont France
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Houx NW, Voerman S, Jongen WM. Purification and analysis of synthetic insect sex attractants by liquid chromatography on a silver-loaded resin. J Chromatogr A 1974; 96:25-32. [PMID: 4415397 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)81217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Guha O, Janák J. Charge-transfer complexes of metals in the chromatographic separation of organic compounds. J Chromatogr A 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)85723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Anderson RL, Bozeman MA, Voss JG, Whiteside JA. Individual and site variation in composition of facial surface lipids. J Invest Dermatol 1972; 58:369-72. [PMID: 4260565 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12540589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Fioriti JA, Kanuk MJ, Sims RJ. The unsaponifiables ofVernonia anthelmintica seed oil. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1971. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02883761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Schlenk H, Gerson T, Sand DM. Conversions of non-biological polyunsaturated fatty acids in rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 176:740-7. [PMID: 5797086 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(69)90254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Anderson RL. Oxidation of the geometric isomers of delta 9,12-octadecadienoic acid by rat liver mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1968; 152:531-8. [PMID: 5656821 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(68)90093-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Reitz RC, Lands WEM, Christie WW, Holman RT. Effects of Ethylenic Bond Position upon Acyltransferase Activity with Isomeric cis, cis-Octadecadienoyl Coenzyme A Thiol Esters. J Biol Chem 1968. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)93468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Anderson RL, Coots RH. The catabolism of the geometric isomers of uniformly 14C-labeled delta 9-octadecenoic acid and uniformly 14C-labeled delta 9,12-octadecadienoic acid by the fasting rat. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1967; 144:525-31. [PMID: 5624810 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(67)90041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Christie WW, Holman RT. Synthesis and characterization of the complete series of methylene-interrupted cis,cis-octadecadienoic acids. Chem Phys Lipids 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(67)90019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Anderson RL. Oxidation of the geometric isomers of delta 9-octadecenoic acid by rat-liver mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1967; 144:18-24. [PMID: 6055221 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(67)90073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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