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Stingl Jankovic K, Hudolin T, Kastelan Z, Zunec R, Grubic Z. The possible role of the tumour necrosis factor polymorphisms and human leucocyte antigens in the development of prostate cancer. Int J Immunogenet 2016; 43:143-50. [PMID: 27102235 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The cause of prostate cancer (PC), one of the most common cancers found among ageing men, remains unclear, but genetic predisposition is believed to play a major role in its aetiology. The aim of the study was to examine HLA genes polymorphism and TNF polymorphisms in PC development. Patients diagnosed with PC (N = 113) and 150 healthy individuals were tested for HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 genes and for TNFa, TNFb and TNFd microsatellites. The comparison of patients and controls revealed a positive association of HLA-DRB1*12, TNFa2 and TNFb5, and a negative association of HLA-DRB1*13 and TNFb4 with PC. A division of patients into groups according to age, pre-operative PSA level, Gleason score (GS) and involvement of prostatic capsule, seminal vesicles or bladder neck and perineural invasion of PC demonstrated the following: a positive correlation of HLA-DRB1*12 and a negative correlation of HLA-DRB1*13 with younger patients (<65 years), GS > 7 and the positive association of prostatic capsule, seminal vesicles, bladder neck and perineural invasion of PC; TNFb4 allele's negative association with older patients displaying higher PSA levels, higher GS and positive surrounding tissue involvement; positive association of TNFb5 allele for both older and younger patients. Investigation of HLA genes and TNF microsatellites demonstrated a possible role of HLA-DRB1 and TNF regions in PC aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Stingl Jankovic
- Clinical Unit for Tissue Typing, Clinical Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - T Hudolin
- Clinical Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Z Kastelan
- Clinical Department of Urology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R Zunec
- Clinical Unit for Tissue Typing, Clinical Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Z Grubic
- Clinical Unit for Tissue Typing, Clinical Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Sato H, Kobayashi D, Abe A, Ito S, Ishikawa H, Nakazono K, Murasawa A, Kuroda T, Nakano M, Narita I. Tocilizumab treatment safety in rheumatoid arthritis in a patient with multiple sclerosis: a case report. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:641. [PMID: 25216562 PMCID: PMC4171561 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis is a relatively rare disease, and complications of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis are much rarer. Since anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy increases exacerbations of multiple sclerosis, complications of demyelinating diseases contraindicate anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy. There have been few reports of anti-interleukin-6 receptor therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis complicated with multiple sclerosis. Case presentation A 53-year-old Japanese woman with multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis was admitted to our hospital because her rheumatoid arthritis was uncontrolled with oral methotrexate, tacrolimus, and prednisolone. She had developed multiple sclerosis when she was 25 years old and was treated with glucocorticoid therapy. Her multiple sclerosis was in remission for more than 9 years. Because anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy can exacerbate demyelinating disease, the anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab was started at 8 mg/kg every 4 weeks. At the second administration of tocilizumab, complete remission was achieved. She has remained in remission with tocilizumab without recurrence of multiple sclerosis for more than 5 years. Conclusion Anti-interleukin-6 therapy was safely used in this patient with rheumatoid arthritis without exacerbations of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroe Sato
- Department of Rheumatology, Niigata Rheumatic Center, 1-2-8 Honcho, Shibata City, Niigata 957-0054, Japan.
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Stingl K, Zunec R, Serventi-Seiwerth R, Labar B, Grubić Z. The influence of tumor necrosis factor microsatellite polymorphisms on patient survival following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Croat Med J 2012; 53:24-9. [PMID: 22351575 PMCID: PMC3284178 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2012.53.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the influence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) microsatellite polymorphisms on patient survival following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods We analyzed TNFa, TNFb, and TNFd microsatellites among 100 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling donor at the Internal Clinic of the University Hospital Center Zagreb in the period 2001-2009. The analysis was performed using polymerase chain reaction amplification and electrophoresis on a polyacrylamide gel in an automated sequencer. Results There was no significant difference in patient survival with respect to the allele length at a given microsatellite. However, a significantly lower survival rate was noticed among patients who were positive for TNFa8 allele (P < 0.001) and a significantly higher survival rate among those who were positive for TNFa10 allele (P = 0.0220). Conclusion These results for the first time suggest an influence of TNFa microsatellite on patient survival following HSCT and indicate a need for further studies of this microsatellite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Stingl
- Clinical Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kispatićeva 12, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Interaction of HLA-DRB1*1501 allele and TNF-alpha -308 G/A single nucleotide polymorphism in the susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Clin Immunol 2011; 139:277-81. [PMID: 21396892 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2011.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Revised: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a multifactorial disorder with complex genetic basis. It is believed that genes encoding HLA molecule and cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of MS. In this study, we have evaluated the impact of HLA-DRB1*1501 allele and TNF-alpha -308 G/A single nucleotide polymorphism, and their interaction, in the susceptibility to MS in Iranian population. Genomic DNA samples were prepared from whole blood of 366 MS Patients and 414 control subjects. The genotypes were determined by SSP-PCR method. Frequency of alleles and genotypes were compared between the two groups by using Fisher's exact test. HLA-DRB1*1501 allele was more frequent among patients (OR=1.57, P=0.0026). TNF-α -308 G allele and G/G genotype had higher frequency among MS patients than control subjects (G vs. A: OR=1.26, P<0.05); G/G vs. A/A: OR=4.59, P=0.0003). The odds ratio was higher among HLA-DRB1*1501 positive individuals. Co-existence of TNF G and HLA-DRB1*1501 alleles showed higher prevalence among MS patients (OR=7.07, P=0.0007). Our results have shown that HLA-DRB1*1501 allele and TNF-α -308 G/A polymorphism are associated with the risk of multiple sclerosis in Iranian population. We also observed an interaction between these two loci that support the role of HLA alleles and cytokine genes and gene-gene interaction in the development and pathogenesis of MS.
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Nikolopoulos GK, Masgala A, Tsiara C, Limitsiou OK, Karnaouri AC, Dimou NL, Bagos PG. Cytokine gene polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis of 45 studies including 7379 cases and 8131 controls. Eur J Neurol 2011; 18:944-51. [PMID: 21299734 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03355.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G K Nikolopoulos
- Hellenic Centre for Diseases Control and Prevention, Athens, Greece
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Stingl K, Grubic Z, Car H, Zunec R. Relationship of polymorphisms located in tumor necrosis factor region and HLA loci among Croatians. Am J Hum Biol 2008; 21:220-3. [PMID: 19107922 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphism of TNFa, TNFb, and TNFd microsatellites, linkage disequilibrium (LD) within TNF region as well as relationship of TNF microsatellites with alleles at HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 loci was investigated on a sample of 160 Croatians, previously typed for HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 loci. Analysis of the relationship of TNF alleles and HLA specificities revealed that very strong associations exist between TNFa2, TNFb3, and TNFd2 alleles and HLA-A*01, -B*08, and -DRB1*03 specificities, therefore placing them in the 8.1 ancestral haplotype. Similar findings were observed for TNFa11, TNFb4, and TNFd4 alleles and HLA specificities, which are a part of the 7.1 ancestral haplotype. Finally, multiple associations with significant P-values were also observed between TNFa10, TNFb4, and TNFd4 microsatellite alleles and HLA-A*02, -B*18, -DRB1*11 specificities which form the 18.3 ancestral hapolotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Stingl
- Department for Laboratory Diagnostics, Tissue Typing Centre, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Grubić Z, Stingl K, Zunec R, Car H, Cecuk-Jelicić E, Brkljacić-Kerhin V. Linkage disequilibria between human leucocyte antigen-B and closely linked microsatellites in the Croatian population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 69:86-94. [PMID: 17212711 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00731.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate polymorphism of D6S2927, STR_MICA, D6S2793, TNFa (D6S2792), TNFb and TNFd (D6S2789) microsatellites and linkage disequilibria between these loci and human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B (previously tested) for better characterisation of extended HLA haplotypes. A total of 176 healthy unrelated Croatians were studied using polymerase chain reaction amplification and electrophoresis on 6% polyacrylamide gel in ALFexpress sequencer. Eight HLA-B/D6S2927 haplotypic associations (B*07/D6S2927-4, B*08/D6S2927-3, B*18/D6S2927-3, B*27/D6S2927-1, B*35/D6S2927-5, B*38/D6S2927-4, B*51/D6S2927-2 and B*61/D6S2927-1) showed strong association (P < 0.001, D > 0.5). Among 88 different HLA-B/STR_MICA haplotypic associations, seven combinations (B*07/STR_MICA-A5.1, B*08/STR_MICA-A5.1, B*15/STR_MICA-A5, B*18/STR_MICA-A4, B*27/STR_MICA-A4, B*38/STR_MICA-A9 and B*51/STR_MICA-A6) demonstrated high linkage (D> or = 0.3) with significant P value (P < 0.001). Strong associations were also observed for five HLA-B/D6S2793 haplotypes (B*07/D6S2793-CA17, B*08/D6S2793-CA24, B*13/D6S2793-CA18, B*14/D6S2793-CA14 and B*27/D6S2793-CA14). HLA-B*08/TNFb3 and HLA-B*50/TNFb7 were the strongest associations for HLA-B/TNFb. Nine HLA-B/TNFa combinations were observed with significant P value (B*07/TNFa11, B*08/TNFa2, B*13/TNFa7, B*18/TNFa10, B*27/TNFa6, B*37/TNFa9, B*38/TNFa10, B*39/TNFa13 and B*44/TNFa4). Out of six HLA-B/TNFd haplotypic associations with strong D value, HLA-B*08/TNFd2 and B*37/TNFd3 showed the highest statistical significance (P < 0.0001). These results provide data on the region around the HLA-B that is very attractive because of its contribution to genetic susceptibility for many HLA-associated diseases and therefore this information will help in all further HLA-B locus-associated disease studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Grubić
- Tissue Typing Centre, University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Duvefelt K, Anderson M, Fogdell-Hahn A, Hillert J. A NOTCH4 association with multiple sclerosis is secondary to HLA-DR*1501. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 63:13-20. [PMID: 14651518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2004.00135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with supposedly autoimmune features known to be associated with a specific HLA DR-DQ haplotype (DR15, DQ6, or HLDRB1*1501,DRB5*0101,DQA1*0102,DQB1*0602). We have previously reported that the associated haplotype extends to HLA-B and described an independent association with HLA-A alleles in MS. Owing to a complex situation with extensive linkage disequilibria, it is still unclear whether classical HLA genes are responsible or whether associations may be due to other genes in this region. Here, we analyzed an association in MS with the NOTCH4 and TNFalpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) genes, located between the HLA-DRB1 gene and the HLA-A gene. For NOTCH4, located 0.4 Mb telomeric to HLA-DRB1, an SNP at position -25 and a trinucleotide repeat were investigated in 181 MS patients, and 180 controls also typed P = 0.027 for HLA-DRB and HLA-A. A modest association was observed (OR = 3.44) with the C-25 allele. However, two-locus analysis revealed that this association was secondary to the classical association with HLA-DRB1. For TNF, located 0.7 Mb telomeric of NOTCH4, SNPs at positions -308 and -238 were studied in the same dataset. We found no association between these TNFalpha gene polymorphisms and MS in this dataset, although there was linkage disequilibrium (LD) between DRB1 and TNF and between HLA-A and TNF. We conclude that alleles of the NOTCH4 and TNFalpha genes are unlikely to be of importance for the susceptibility to MS, although specific alleles of these genes are often carried on the same haplotype as DR15, DQ6.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Duvefelt
- Division of Neurology, Neurotec, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.
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Abstract
Abstract
This chapter provides information on the epidemiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common disabling neurological disease in young adults. It describes the clinical and pathologic features of MS and how these features pose challenges for clinical diagnosis and case definition criteria. Information is provided regarding the descriptive epidemiology of MS, including studies of incidence, prevalence, and temporal trends in MS frequency. Also included is a discussion of the interesting geographical features of the MS distribution, including MS disease clusters, the latitude gradient in disease risk, and migrant studies of individuals who move from high-risk to low-risk regions. Other sections of the chapter cover evidence regarding the infectious etiology of MS, including the important role that Epstein-Barr virus appears to play in disease susceptibility. The role of lifestyle factors is receiving increasing emphasis in MS epidemiologic studies, and evidence is summarized regarding the potential role of cigarette smoking, diet, and hormonal factors.
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Yu HX, Ren EC, Chan SH. Associations of HLA microsatellites with rheumatoid arthritis in Singaporean Chinese. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2003; 62:133-8. [PMID: 12889993 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00084.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis in Singaporean Chinese has previously been shown to be associated with the DRB1*0405, DRB1*1001 haplotypes and to the DRB1*0901 haplotype when the former two were removed. The present paper focused on eight HLA associated microsatellite markers (TNFa, TNFd, D6S273, TAP1CA, DQCAR, DQCARII, D6S2222, D6S2223) and their allelic associations with Chinese RA. 60 RA patients and 75 healthy controls were studied. It appeared that DQCARII*194/DRB1*0405/TNFa*117 was part of the extended haplotype predisposed to RA, whereas DRB1*0901/D6S273*128 contributed to susceptibility to RA to a lesser degree in Singaporean Chinese. Additionally, a negative association with DQCAR*186/DRB1*0301/D6S273*122/TNFd*124 was observed. No association with disease development was observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Yu
- WHO Immunology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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Coppin H, Roth MP, Liblau RS. Cytokine and cytokine receptor genes in the susceptibility and resistance to organ-specific autoimmune diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2003; 520:33-65. [PMID: 12613571 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0171-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Coppin
- Laboratoire d'immunologie Cellulaire INSERM CJF 97-11, Hospital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France
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Sotgiu S, Pugliatti M, Sanna A, Sotgiu A, Castiglia P, Solinas G, Dolei A, Serra C, Bonetti B, Rosati G. Multiple sclerosis complexity in selected populations: the challenge of Sardinia, insular Italy. Eur J Neurol 2002; 9:329-41. [PMID: 12099914 DOI: 10.1046/j.1468-1331.2002.00412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate a genetic contribution to multiple sclerosis (MS) both in terms of predisposition to the disease and of immunological mechanisms which are known to play crucial roles in MS pathogenesis. The presence of high- and low-risk areas for MS in neighbouring regions supports the theory that MS predisposition is influenced by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, the use of genetically homogeneous and geographically isolated populations becomes an increasing requirement to reduce biasing biological variables. Sardinians fulfil these conditions well because of their different phylogeny from Europeans and the unique selective pressures which shaped their genome. Sardinians display amongst the highest MS prevalence rates world-wide and increasing MS incidence rates over time. Also, MS in Sardinia is linked to distinct human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and associated to different patterns of cytokine production from lymphoid cells of different HLA subtypes. In this context, recent findings and future perspectives on the peculiarities of Sardinian MS concerning genetic, immunological and epidemiological aspects are presented. So far, our results indicate that variations at the level of territorial distribution and HLA-association are present which render MS heterogeneous even in this ethnically homogeneous population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sotgiu
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, Sassari, Italy.
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Sawcer S, Maranian M, Setakis E, Curwen V, Akesson E, Hensiek A, Coraddu F, Roxburgh R, Sawcer D, Gray J, Deans J, Goodfellow PN, Walker N, Clayton D, Compston A. A whole genome screen for linkage disequilibrium in multiple sclerosis confirms disease associations with regions previously linked to susceptibility. Brain 2002; 125:1337-47. [PMID: 12023322 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awf143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Linkage analysis in multiplex families has provisionally identified several genomic regions where genes influencing susceptibility to multiple sclerosis are likely to be located. It is anticipated that association mapping will provide a higher degree of resolution, but this more powerful approach is limited by the substantial genotyping effort required. Here, we describe the first use of DNA pooling to screen the whole genome for association in multiple sclerosis based on a 0.5 cM map of microsatellite markers and using four DNA pools derived from cases (n = 216), controls (n = 219) and trio families (n = 745 affected individuals and their 1490 parents). The 10 markers showing the greatest evidence for association with multiple sclerosis that emerge from this analysis include three from the HLA region on chromosome 6p (D6S1615, D6S2444 and TNFa), providing a positive control for the method, four from regions previously identified by linkage analysis in UK multiplex families (two mapping to chromosome 17q GCT6E11 and D17S1535; one to chromosome 1p GGAA30B06; and one to 19q D19S585), and three from novel sites with respect to linkage analysis (D1S1590 at 1q; D2S2739 at 2p; and D4S416 at 4q). Our results thus provide further supporting evidence for the candidature of 6p, 17q, 19q and 1p as regions encoding susceptibililty genes for multiple sclerosis. The protocol used in this UK-based study is now being extended to 18 additional sites in Europe in order to search for susceptibility genes shared between populations of common ancestry, as well as those that exert ethnically more restricted effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sawcer
- University of Cambridge Neurology Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Palacio LG, Rivera D, Builes JJ, Jiménez ME, Salgar M, Anaya JM, Jiménez I, Camargo M, Arcos-Burgos M, Sánchez JL. Multiple sclerosis in the tropics: genetic association to STR's loci spanning the HLA and TNF. Mult Scler 2002; 8:249-55. [PMID: 12120698 DOI: 10.1191/1352458502ms804oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Clear evidence has been presented correlating gene polymorphisms at 6p21.3-21.4 (containing HLA and TNF) and the predisposition to acquire multiple sclerosis (MS). In a previous study, we found that polymorphisms at HLA DQAI were associated with being or not being predisposed to MS in individuals inhabiting the tropics, where the prevalence of MS is significantly lower than in subtropical areas. Here, we tested the hypothesis that polymorphisms at D6S276, D6S265, D6S273 and D6S291 microsatellite loci are in strong linkage disequilibrium with a major genetic factor predisposing to MS. These microsatellites span the 6p21.3 region with intervals of 5 cM establishing particular landmarks for the HLA and TNF loci. Thirty-five MS patients and 35 controls, age, sex, social, ethnically and geographically matched healthy individuals, were studied. After testing the fit of gene frequencies to the normal distribution and performing the correlation for multiple comparisons, we found significant differences among the case and the control frequencies for the allele 202 belonging to the marker D6S276 (Pc=0.00455) and for the allele 114 belonging to the marker D6S265 (Pc=0.0084). For these two alleles at different loci, we found higher frequencies in the cases than in the controls. A nonsignificant p value was found in testing the existence of linkage disequilibrium among the studied loci in the cases and in the controls. In conclusion, the current study adds evidence to the established association among polymorphisms of genes located at 6p21.3-21.4 and MS. Furthermore, because of the distribution of the tested microsatellite loci, the more probable critical region could be correlated with the TNF neighborhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Palacio
- Neurological Institute of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Yen JH, Chen CJ, Tsai WC, Lin CH, Ou TT, Lin SC, Dai ZK, Liu HW. Tumor necrosis factor microsatellite alleles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Taiwan. Immunol Lett 2002; 81:177-82. [PMID: 11947922 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(02)00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) microsatellite alleles with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Taiwan. METHODS The TNF a, b, c, d, and e microsatellites were determined in 112 patients with RA and 99 healthy controls by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and electrophoresis with sequencing gel. All of these patients and controls had known HLA-DR genotypes and TNF-308 polymorphisms. RESULTS The phenotypic frequency of TNFa9 was significantly higher in DR4(-) RA patients than in DR4(-) controls. However, the phenotypic frequency of TNFb6 was significantly higher in RA patients than in controls in the presence of HLA-DR4. The phenotypic frequency of TNFa3-e1 was significantly lower in DR4(+) RA patients than in DR4(+) controls, while a negative linkage disequilibrium was noted between TNFa3-e1 and HLA-DR4. TNF microsatellite alleles were not related to the prevalences of bone erosion, rheumatoid nodule, sicca syndrome, pulmonary fibrosis, and seropositivity of rheumatoid factor (RF) in patients with RA. CONCLUSION The associations of TNF microsatellites with the susceptibility to RA in Taiwan are not completely independent of the HLA-DR associations. The association of TNFb6 with the susceptibility to RA depends on the presence of HLA-DR4, and the correlation of TNFa9 to RA depends on the absence of HLA-DR4. The negative association of TNFa3-e1 with RA may be secondary to the negative linkage disequilibrium between TNFa3-e1 and HLA-DR4. Moreover, TNFb6 and HLA-DR4 have a synergistic effect on the susceptibility to RA. TNFa3-e1 and TNF-308A have a synergistic effect on preventing from RA. The TNF microsatellite alleles are not related to the clinical manifestations and severity of RA patients in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100 Shih-Chuan, 1st Road, Kaohsiung807, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) is a potent inflammatory cytokine. In human, the TNFalpha gene is located within the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6p21.3. TNF gene cluster contains many polymorphisms including microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Many of these polymorphisms were found to be in linkage disequilibrium with HLA class I and II alleles. Some of the TNFalpha gene polymorphisms were found to influence TNFalpha production in vitro, for example the -308 SNP. Many studies have shown that this SNP and others within the TNFalpha gene associate with different inflammatory conditions. Whether this phenomenon is due to the direct influence of the SNP in question and/or due to linkage disequilibrium with other polymorphisms within the TNFalpha gene or the HLA system is still controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Hajeer
- ARC Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine and Immunology Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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Sotgiu S, Pugliatti M, Serra C, Rosati G, Dolei A, Marrosu MG. Tumor necrosis factor 2 allele does not contribute to increased tumor necrosis factor-? production in Sardinian multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1531-8249(199911)46:5<799::aid-ana20>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Pachman LM, Liotta-Davis MR, Hong DK, Kinsella TR, Mendez EP, Kinder JM, Chen EH. TNFalpha-308A allele in juvenile dermatomyositis: association with increased production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, disease duration, and pathologic calcifications. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 2000; 43:2368-77. [PMID: 11037898 DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(200010)43:10<2368::aid-anr26>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the association between the TNFalpha-308A allele and 1) duration of active disease, 2) peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) synthesis of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) in vitro, and 3) pathologic calcifications in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM). METHODS The TNFalpha-308 alleles were determined by polymerase chain reaction in 37 white patients with juvenile DM and in 29 control subjects. Patients were grouped according to duration of immunosuppressive therapy: long (> or =36 months) or short (<36 months). Unstimulated PBMC were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for TNFalpha production in vitro. Sixty-five white patients with juvenile DM were examined for pathologic calcifications. RESULTS TNFalpha-308A was identified in 18 of 37 patients with juvenile DM, in contrast with 5 of 29 controls (P = 0.009). Sixteen of the 18 patients with juvenile DM who had the TNFalpha-308A allele had a disease course > or =36 months, compared with 6 of 19 patients with TNFalpha-308G (P = 0.001). PBMC from 16 of the 18 juvenile DM patients with TNFalpha-308A synthesized more TNFalpha (median 53 pg/ml) compared with PBMC from 9 of 19 patients with TNFalpha-308G (median 19 pg/ml) (P = 0.007). Nineteen of 22 juvenile DM patients requiring therapy for > or =36 months produced more TNFalpha (median 20.5 pg/ml) in comparison with 6 of 15 juvenile DM patients with a <36-month treatment course (median TNFalpha 0.0 pg/ml) (P = 0.005). Detectable calcifications were present in 3 of 8 children with juvenile DM who had TNFalpha-308AA, compared with 2 of 21 children with TNFalpha-308AG and 1 of 36 children who had TNFalpha-308GG (P = 0.017). CONCLUSION A long course of juvenile DM and the presence of pathologic calcifications were associated with the TNFalpha-308A allele and with the increased production of TNFalpha, which may perpetuate the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Pachman
- The Children's Memorial Medical Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA
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20
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Abstract
TNF-alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the severity of different immune-regulated diseases including autoimmune diseases and transplantation. The gene for TNF-alpha is located within the MHC region on chromosome 6p21.3. This is a highly polymorphic region, and the TNF-alpha itself contains a large number of polymorphisms. Some of these polymorphisms form extended haplotypes with the HLA class I and II alleles. TNF polymorphisms have been investigated in different diseases and most often whenever there is an HLA association with the disease (for example IDDM and RA) association(s) with TNF polymorphisms has been described. There are many studies on the function of the TNF polymorphisms showing the influence of the different alleles on the in vitro and in vivo levels of TNF production. However, recent studies in animal models suggest that not only polymorphisms within the TNF cluster are important in the regulation of TNF production but also the receptors as well (TNF R). This suggests that investigating polymorphisms within the TNF cluster and TNF receptors will be important in understanding the role of TNF regulation in a given disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Hajeer
- School of Epidemiological Sciences and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
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22
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Lucotte G, Bathelier C, Mercier G. TNF-alpha polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis: no association with -238 and -308 promoter alleles, but the microsatellite allele a11 is associated with the disease in French patients. Mult Scler 2000; 6:78-80. [PMID: 10773851 DOI: 10.1177/135245850000600204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a proinflammatory cytokine, is believed to play an important role in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to determine whether sequence variation in the TNF-alpha gene is associated with MS. Bi-allelic polymorphisms in the TNF-alpha promoter region (TNF-alpha -238 and -308) and microsatellite TNF-alpha were previously reported. We investigated these polymorphisms in 74 French patients with MS, compared with 75 controls. No significant differences regarding the TNF-alpha -238 and -308 polymorphisms were observed between MS patients and controls. Allele frequency for the a11 allele is in very significant association (P<0.0001) with MS, due in part to the association of the a11 allele with the HLA-DRB1*15 allele in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lucotte
- Center of Molecular Neurogenetics, Faculty of Medicine, Rheims, France
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23
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Armstrong MA, McDonnell GV, Graham CA, Kirk CW, Droogan AG, Hawkins SA. Relationship between tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) production and a specific multiple sclerosis (MS) associated TNF gene haplotype. Mult Scler 1999; 5:165-70. [PMID: 10408716 DOI: 10.1177/135245859900500305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if monocyte TNFalpha production from patients homozygous for a specific MS associated TNF gene haplotype is different from that produced in patients either heterozygous for, or without this haplotype. BACKGROUND The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is important in the clinical outcome of inflammatory reactions. Levels of TNFalpha, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is raised in MS as well as being found in acute and chronic MS lesions. A previous population based study in Northern Ireland with polymorphisms spanning the TNF gene region identified a conserved MS associated haplotype in relation to three markers (130: 118: 127 TNF d:a:b) for which 19 MS patients were homozygous. METHODS Venous blood collected in EDTA to give a concentration of 10(-3) M was drawn from 16 patients with the conserved MS associated haplotype, 19 patients heterozygous for the haplotype and 17 patients without the haplotype. Mononuclear cells were separated and cultured by standard techniques and levels of TNFalpha and of TNF binding proteins I and II were determined by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS There were no significant differences in TNFalpha production in the 3 h (P = 0.28) or 24 h cultures (P = 0.18) or following stimulation with interferon-gamma (P = 0.17) between the group positive for the conserved haplotype and the group negative for this haplotype. There was also no significant difference when compared to the heterozygote group. No association was found between the MS associated haplotype and levels of either TNF binding protein. A greater proportion of patients with the conserved haplotype had a benign clinical course (P = 0.06). CONCLUSION We conclude that whilst a trend exists, we have found no significant association between peripheral TNFalpha production and a specific MS associated TNF haplotype in this population. Paradoxically this haplotype may also predict a more favourable clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Armstrong
- Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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24
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Blackwell JM. Tumour necrosis factor alpha and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. PARASITOLOGY TODAY (PERSONAL ED.) 1999; 15:73-5. [PMID: 10234190 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-4758(98)01355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Allelic associations between polymorphisms at the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) locus within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and susceptibility to a range of autoimmune and infectious diseases have been established in humans. Among these is the severe and debilitating mucocutaneous form of leishmaniasis (MCL) caused by Leishmania braziliensis. This was preempted by the demonstration of high levels of circulating TNF-alpha in the sera of patients presenting with clinical mucocutaneous disease. Here, Jennie Blackwell looks at the implications this might have for the diagnosis and treatment of mucocutaneous disease, and the broader implications that the positive and negative immunomodulatory roles of TNF-alpha have in maintaining apparently detrimental alleles in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Blackwell
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 2XY.
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25
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Trojano M, Liguori M, De Robertis F, Stella A, Guanti G, Avolio C, Livrea P. Comparison of clinical and demographic features between affected pairs of Italian multiple sclerosis multiplex families; relation to tumour necrosis factor genomic polymorphisms. J Neurol Sci 1999; 162:194-200. [PMID: 10202987 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(98)00328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a comparative analysis of clinical and demographic findings between pairs of relatives (36 sibling and 9 parent/child), concordant for Multiple Sclerosis (MS), from 40 MS Italian Multiplex families. A genetic TNF (alpha and beta) loci typing in 51 affected and 69 healthy relatives belonging to 25 of these families was also performed. The sib pairs resulted significantly concordant for age at onset (r=0.414, P<0.013), Progression Index (r=0.34, P<0.05) and sensory symptoms at onset (k=0.37), and significantly not concordant for sex (k=-0.37), whereas no concordance was found for year at onset and disease course. The only significant result in the small group of parent/child pairs was that parents developed MS at an age of 18.74 years significantly (P=0.020) greater than their children. Genomic analysis identified 13 variants of TNF-a alleles, 7 of TNF-b, 6 of TNF-d and 3 of TNF-e. No differences in the frequencies of the various TNF alleles were observed between affected and healthy relatives. The two-point lod-score analysis of the TNF locus showed not significant or negative results for the TNFalpha loci and slightly positive results (Zmax=0.4 at theta=0.2 cM) for the TNFbeta-b locus in the lowest penetrance dominant model. The Sib pair analysis, using combined TNFalpha and TNFbeta haplotypes, demonstrated a TNF allele sharing between affected sib-pairs which did not exceed the expected 50%. These results suggest that genetic factors may partially influence the disease onset and the progression rate in sibling pairs. A recall bias and/or an 'anticipation phenomenon' could explain the development of MS at an older age in parents than in their children. In this small-sized cohort of MS Italian families no significant associations were confirmed between TNF polymorphism and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trojano
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Italy
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26
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Abstract
In recent years, epidemiological evidence supporting the genetic basis of multiple sclerosis has been extended and whole-genome linkage screening has advanced the mapping of the involved genes. Understanding of the known HLA associations has also improved and many candidate genes have been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sawcer
- The University of Cambridge Neurology Unit Addenbrooke's Hospital Hills Road Cambridge CB2 2QQ UK.
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Ma JJ, Nishimura M, Mine H, Saji H, Ohta M, Saida K, Ozawa K, Kawakami H, Saida T, Uchiyama T. HLA-DRB1 and tumor necrosis factor gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 1998; 92:109-12. [PMID: 9916885 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(98)00189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We studied genetic polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) region as well as HLA-DRB1 of 42 patients with Western-type multiple sclerosis (MS) and 38 with Asian-type MS in Japan. The sex ratio (Female:Male) was significantly higher in Asian than in Western type MS (3.8 vs. 1.3, P = 0.038). The frequency of HLA-DRB1 * 1501 allele in the Western-type MS group increased significantly compared with the control group, while Asian-type MS and control groups showed similar distribution in the frequencies of HLA-DRB1 alleles. No significant differences existed in the TNF region, however, including TNF-a microsatellite alleles. The results suggest that MS in Asians may present two different clinical and immunogenetic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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28
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Ma JJ, Nishimura M, Mine H, Kuroki S, Nukina M, Ohta M, Saji H, Obayashi H, Kawakami H, Saida T, Uchiyama T. Genetic contribution of the tumor necrosis factor region in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Neurol 1998; 44:815-8. [PMID: 9818939 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410440517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We studied genetic polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) region in 81 Japanese patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and 85 controls. A significantly higher frequency of the 100-base pair (bp) (TNFa2) allele of the TNFa microsatellite marker, which is associated with high TNF alpha production, existed in Campylobacter jejuni-positive (Cj+) GBS patients than in controls, suggesting the involvement of a genetic predisposition to high TNF alpha secretion in the development of C. jejuni-related GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Sotgiu S, Serra C, Marrosu MG, Dolei A, Pugliatti M, Murgia B, Aiello I, Rosati G. Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in Sardinians: an immunological study. Acta Neurol Scand 1998; 98:314-7. [PMID: 9858100 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1998.tb01740.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We studied the in vitro production of variably MS-related cytokines from Sardinian MS and healthy donors bearing the two "Sardinian" MS-associated HLA-DR alleles: DR3 and DR4, with the purpose to evidentiate possible differences in their immune response. MATERIALS AND METHODS ELISA were used for detection of cellular products by mitogen-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS PHA-activated HLA-DR4+/DR3- mononuclear cells produce significantly higher amounts of TNF-alpha compared with the DR3+/DR4-. In addition, homozygous HLA-DR3+ mononuclear cells from MS patients produce significantly lower amounts of IL-10 than those from homozygous HLA-DR3+ healthy donors. CONCLUSION The abnormal production of detrimental or regulatory cytokines may account for the genetic susceptibility to MS in different HLA-subgroups of Sardinian MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sotgiu
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, University of Sassari, Italy
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30
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Abstract
In order to update the review published in Tissue Antigens in 1997, we present here a new overview on microsatellites in the HLA region, including additional information, with focus on the following points: * Description of 103 microsatellite characteristics in the HLA region, 50 markers having been newly described since 1996. * An integrated map of the HLA region, including microsatellites and some HLA genes, revealing an important microsatellite density in the MHC (Class I, Class II and Class III regions). * A synthesis of microsatellite analysis in disease studies, summarizing results of microsatellite approaches in 24 pathologies, including autoimmune diseases, HLA-associated or HLA-linked diseases and cancers. * Other applications of HLA region microsatellites in population or transplantation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Foissac
- Département d'Epidémiologie, Economie de la Santé et Santé Communitaire, Faculté de Médecine, Toulouse, France
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