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Hu B, Qian M, Zhang J, Hou X, Wu L. Hyperhenrones: Prenylated α-pyrones with anti-inflammatory activity from Hypericum henryi. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 220:114007. [PMID: 38296177 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Fourteen previously undescribed α-pyrone derivatives (1-14) together with four known analogs (15-18) were isolated from a traditional Chinese medicinal plant Hypericum henryi. Compounds (+)/(-)-1, 2, and 3 share a rare 6/6/4/6/6 polycyclic skeleton. Compound 14 was the first example of a 7,7-dimethyl-pyran-4-one moiety. Their structures were elucidated using comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism calculations. The anti-inflammatory activities of 1-18 were screened in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. Among them, compounds 14, (+)-18, and (-)-18 exhibited inhibitory effects against nitric oxide production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, compound 14 suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, preliminary mechanism studies indicated that compound 14 suppressed the phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor of NF-κB, and this led to the inhibition of NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingcun Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Ma W, Ren F, Yan X, Wang X, Wu T, Li N. Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory constituents from roots of Hypericum beanii and the antitumor potential under the view of cancer-related inflammation. Fitoterapia 2024; 172:105745. [PMID: 37967771 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Hypericum beanii, a traditional folk medicine plant, has been employed in the treatment of various inflammation-related diseases and has demonstrated promising potential as an herbal remedy for cancer. In this study, we isolated 29 compounds from the roots of H. beanii. We evaluated their cytotoxic effects on five human cancer cell lines, which revealed that the ethanol extract, along with compounds 4 and 14, exhibited significant cytotoxic activity. Additionally, we assessed their anti-inflammatory properties by measuring the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Our findings showed that the ethanol extract (IC50 = 7.41 ± 0.38 μg/mL), compound 4 (IC50 = 7.82 ± 0.42 μM), and compound 14 (IC50 = 3.05 ± 0.06 μM) displayed substantial anti-inflammatory activity. ELISA assays and qPCR analysis revealed that compounds 4 and 14 may exert their anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects by inhibiting the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA, shedding light on their role in cancer-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road Shushan District, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fucai Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road Shushan District, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaowei Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road Shushan District, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xueru Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road Shushan District, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tingni Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road Shushan District, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road Shushan District, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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3
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Nguyen AK, Phuwapraisirisan P. A new furanonapthoquinone from the stems of Thunbergia laurifolia. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:477-485. [PMID: 36170203 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2128343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitory assay-guided purification of Thunbergia laurifolia L. stems yielded a new compound named 5-acetoxyfuranonapthoquinone (1) along with nineteen known compounds (2-20). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by the analysis of multiple spectroscopic data. The isolated compounds were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibition. Syringaresinol (7), rosmarinic acid (11), 1,2,8-trihydroxyxanthone (16), and isojacareubin (18) showed the most potent inhibitory activity among isolated compounds. Kinetic study indicated that syringaresinol (7), 1,2,8-trihydroxyxanthone (16) and isojacareubin (18) could inhibit maltase and sucrase function by non-competitive manner, and rosmarinic acid (11) was identified as a non-competitive inhibitor against maltase and a mixed-manner inhibitor against sucrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Preecha Phuwapraisirisan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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4
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Ye YS, Duan YT, Zhou Z, Thepkaysone K, Douangdeuane B, Xu G. Structurally Diverse Cytotoxic Polyphenols from Garcinia gracilis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2206-2215. [PMID: 37650785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-five diverse polyphenols, belonging to seven structure classes, were isolated from Garcinia gracilis, a medicinal and edible plant sampled from Laos. The structures of nine new compounds, gargarcilones A-I (1-3, 5-7, 10, 12, and 17), were established using spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction, and experimental and calculated ECD methods. Additionally, we revised the stereochemical assignment of cochinchinoxanthone and cochinchinoxanthone C. The compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against five human tumor cell lines (HL-60, A549, SMMC-7721, MDA-MB-231, and SW480). Compounds 1-4, 7, and 8 exhibited cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 0.5-8.9 μM. Compound 3 significantly induced apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Song Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Tao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Khamphanh Thepkaysone
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health, Phonepapao Village, Sisattanack District, 856 Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Bounleuane Douangdeuane
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health, Phonepapao Village, Sisattanack District, 856 Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
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Three New Xanthones from Hypericum scabrum and Their Quorum Sensing Inhibitory Activities against Chromobacterium violaceum. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175519. [PMID: 36080284 PMCID: PMC9458047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) plays an important role in the production of virulence factors and pathogenicity in pathogenic bacteria and is, therefore, a hopeful target to fight against bacterial infections. During our search for natural QS inhibitors, two new xanthonolignoids (1 and 2), each existing as a racemic mixture, one new simple oxygenated xanthone (7), and eight known analogs (3–6, 8–11) were isolated from Hypericum scabrum Linn. Chiral separation of 1 yielded a pair of enantiomers 1a and 1b. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and ECD (electrostatic circular dichroism) calculations. All isolates were evaluated for their QS inhibitory activity against Chromobacterium violaceum. Both 9 and 10 exhibited the most potent QS inhibitory effects with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 31.25 and 62.5 μM, respectively. Crystal violet staining was used to further evaluate the biofilm inhibition potential of compounds 7, 9 and 10, and the formation of biofilms increased with decreasing drug concentration in a classic dose-dependent manner. The results of a cytotoxicity assay revealed that compounds 7, 9 and 10 exhibited no cytotoxic activity on PC-12 cells at the tested concentration.
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Huang Q, Wang Y, Wu H, Yuan M, Zheng C, Xu H. Xanthone Glucosides: Isolation, Bioactivity and Synthesis. Molecules 2021; 26:5575. [PMID: 34577044 PMCID: PMC8465223 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthones are secondary metabolites found in plants, fungi, lichens, and bacteria from a variety of families and genera, with the majority found in the Gentianaceae, Polygalaceae, and Clusiaceae. They have a diverse range of bioactivities, including anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, anti-tuberculosis, and cytotoxic properties. Xanthone glucosides are a significant branch of xanthones. After glycosylation, xanthones may have improved characteristics (such as solubility and pharmacological activity). Currently, no critical review of xanthone glucosides has been published. A literature survey including reports of naturally occurring xanthone glucosides is included in this review. The isolation, structure, bioactivity, and synthesis of these compounds were all explored in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Youyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huaimo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
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Zeliou K, Koui EM, Papaioannou C, Koulakiotis NS, Iatrou G, Tsarbopoulos A, Papasotiropoulos V, Lamari FN. Metabolomic fingerprinting and genetic discrimination of four Hypericum taxa from Greece. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 174:112290. [PMID: 32087928 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypericum perforatum has plenty of uses in traditional medicine and is the source of top-selling herbal drugs and food supplements. The secondary metabolite chemistry for most of the nearly 500 Hypericum taxa is still unknown, even though they are used interchangeably. In the present study, we characterized four Hypericum populations from Achaia, Greece, belonging to H. perforatum ssp. veronense, H. perfoliatum, H. triquetrifolium, and an uninvestigated taxon, H. empetrifolium ssp. empetrifolium, in terms of their essential oils and polar bioactives in methanolic extracts via GC-MS, LC-HRMS, LC-DAD-MS, and HPLC-DAD. We also performed sequence analysis of nrITS to explore the genetic profile of these taxa and to examine whether their genotype is correlated to the metabolome. Sixty-three non-volatile compounds, phloroglucinols in their majority, and over one hundred (113) volatiles, mostly sesqui- and mono- terpenes, were detected. The concentration of the major polar constituents varied greatly among samples. In particular, phloroglucinols' diversity and abundance in H. empetrifolium ssp. empetrifolium was remarkable. The PCA and Biplot analysis revealed the contribution of each compound to the total chemodiversity and also revealed certain compounds that contribute to the discrimination of the samples. Sequence analysis of nrITS revealed different genetic profiles and markers which can be used for the identification of the four Hypericum taxa. The Mantel test showed a relatively strong correlation between the genetic profile and the volatile compounds and low with the main polar metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Zeliou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Eirini-Maria Koui
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Charikleia Papaioannou
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; Department of Agriculture, University of Patras, Theodoropoulou Str, 27200 Amaliada, Greece
| | | | - Gregoris Iatrou
- Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Anthony Tsarbopoulos
- GAIA Research Center, Bioanalytical Department, The Goulandris Natural History Museum, 14562, Kifissia, Greece; Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Fotini N Lamari
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
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Xiao CY, Mu Q, Gibbons S. The Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Hypericum. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 112 2020; 112:85-182. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-52966-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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9
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Cytotoxic Xanthones from Hypericum stellatum, an Ethnomedicine in Southwest China. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193568. [PMID: 31581734 PMCID: PMC6804229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypericum stellatum, a species endemic to China, is used to treat hepatitis by several ethnic groups in Guizhou Province. This research was inspired by the traditional medicinal usage of H. stellatum, and aims to explore the phytochemistry and bioactivity of H. stellatum to explain why local people in Guizhou widely apply H. stellatum for liver protection. In this study, two new prenylated xanthones, hypxanthones A (8) and B (9), together with seven known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of the plant. Spectroscopic data as well as experimental and calculated ECD spectra were used to establish the structures of these compounds. Six xanthones isolated in this study, together with four xanthones previously isolated from H. stellatum, were evaluated for their growth-inhibitory activities against five human liver carcinoma cell lines to analyze the bioactivity and structure-activity relationship of xanthones from H. stellatum. Isojacareubin (6) showed significant cytotoxicity against five human liver carcinoma cell lines, with an IC50 value ranging from 1.41 to 11.83 μM, which was stronger than the positive control cisplatin (IC50 = 4.47–20.62 μM). Hypxanthone B (9) showed moderate cytotoxicity to three of the five cell lines. Finally, structure-activity analysis revealed that the prenyl and pyrano substituent groups of these xanthones contributed to their cytotoxicity.
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Xanthones from the Bark of Garcinia xanthochymus and the Mechanism of Induced Apoptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells via the Mitochondrial Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194803. [PMID: 31569691 PMCID: PMC6801373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthones are important chemical constituents of Garcinia xanthochymus and varied bioactivities including cytotoxicity. However, their anti-tumor mechanism has remained unknown. Here, we isolated and identified a new xanthone named garciniaxanthone I (1) and five known compounds from the bark of G. xanthochymus. Their structures were elucidated by NMR analysis and HRESIMS. The anti-proliferation activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated on four human tumor cell lines (HepG2, A549, SGC7901, MCF-7). The results demonstrated that the anti-proliferation activity of xanthone was related to the number and location of prenyl groups. We further found that garciniaxanthone I (GXI) could induce HepG2 apoptosis and enhance the expression of cleaved caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3. GXI could also increase Bax level and concurrently reduce the overexpression of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Mcl-1, and surviving in HepG2 cells. Moreover, GXI could inhibit cell migration of HepG2 cells by inhibiting the expressions of MMP-7 and MMP-9. In summary, our study suggests that GXI could induce HepG2 apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and might become a lead compound for liver cancer treatment.
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Zhu W, Qiu J, Zeng YR, Yi P, Lou HY, Jian JY, Zuo MX, Duan L, Gu W, Huang LJ, Li YM, Yuan CM, Hao XJ. Cytotoxic phenolic constituents from Hypericum japonicum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 164:33-40. [PMID: 31071600 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nine undescribed compounds, including five xanthone derivatives, two flavonoids, one 2-pyrone derivative, and one undescribed naturally occurring compound, along with 30 known phenolic compounds, were isolated from Hypericum japonicum. In addition, hyperjaponols A and B were identified as racemates. The structures and absolute configurations of the undescribed compounds were determined by comprehensive MS, NMR spectroscopy, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The cytotoxic effects of the isolated compounds on two human tumour cell lines (HEL and MDA-MB-231) were evaluated by the MTT assay. Eighteen compounds showed good inhibitory activities against the HEL cell line, with IC50 values of 3.53-18.7 μM, while nine compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line, with IC50 values ranging from 4.92 to 10.75 μM. Their preliminary structure-activity relationship of the isolated compounds was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Jie Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Yan-Rong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Hua-Yong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Jun-You Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Ming-Xing Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Lian Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Wei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Lie-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
| | - Chun-Mao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
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Peron G, Hošek J, Rajbhandary S, Pant DR, Dall'Acqua S. LC-MS n and HR-MS characterization of secondary metabolites from Hypericum japonicum Thunb. ex Murray from Nepalese Himalayan region and assessment of cytotoxic effect and inhibition of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors in vitro. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:663-673. [PMID: 31288189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hypericum japonicum Thunb. ex Murray is traditionally used in Nepal to treat several diseases, among whom inflammation and acute pain. Although several secondary metabolites from the same Hypericum species have been already characterized and considered for their pharmacological use, an exhaustive phytochemical characterization of H. japonicum from Nepal is lacking, as well as the assessment of its potential pharmacological properties. Hence, the aims of this study were the characterization of a methanolic extract of H. japonicum (HJME) collected from the Northern region of Nepal by LC-MSn and UPLC-QTOF. The assessment of in vitro inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factors and HJME's cytotoxic effect on human cell lines was performed to evaluate the potential use of this herb as a source of anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic lead compounds. Fifty-seven phytoconstituents were identified, being mainly flavonoids, phloroglucinols, phenolic acids and xanthones. Although compounds characteristic of H. japonicum were detected (quercetin, quercetin-7-O-α-l-rhamnoside, quercitrin and hyperoside), several others are here reported for the first time in this species. The results from bioassays indicated that HJME could significantly reduce the viability of human THP-1 cells (IC50 = 5.4 ± 1.1 μg mL-1), showing the promising potential of HJME as anti-tumor agent. Furthermore, HJME significantly decreased the activation of both NF-κB and AP-1 at the concentration of 2 μg mL-1. Overall, these data suggest that H. japonicum from Nepal could be used as a source of potential natural anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Peron
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Jan Hošek
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Sangeeta Rajbhandary
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, 44600 Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Deepak Raj Pant
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, 44600 Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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13
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Yan XT, An Z, Huangfu Y, Zhang YT, Li CH, Chen X, Liu PL, Gao JM. Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol and phenolic metabolites from the aerial parts of Hypericum elatoides and their neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 159:65-74. [PMID: 30594026 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical study on the aerial parts of Hypericum elatoides led to the isolation of a previously undescribed polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative, hyperelatone A, seven previously undescribed phenolic metabolites, hyperelatones B-H, along with ten known analogues. The structures of hyperelatones A-H were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS experiment, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra, as well as chemical derivatization. All compounds were evaluated for their neuroprotective activity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell injury in rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells and inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in BV-2 microglial cells. Hyperelatones B-D and H, cinchonain Ib, and tenuiside A showed noticeable neuroprotection at concentrations of 1.0-100.0 μM. Hyperelatones D, G, and H, (-)-epicatechin, tenuiside A, and (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited significant anti-neuroinflammatory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.75 ± 0.02 to 5.83 ± 0.23 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Tao Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen An
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucui Huangfu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Teng Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Huan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Fernandes C, Carraro ML, Ribeiro J, Araújo J, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM. Synthetic Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones: Biological Activities and Enantioselectivity Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:E791. [PMID: 30813236 PMCID: PMC6412826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many naturally occurring xanthones are chiral and present a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Some of them have been exhaustively studied and subsequently, obtained by synthesis. In order to obtain libraries of compounds for structure activity relationship (SAR) studies as well as to improve the biological activity, new bioactive analogues and derivatives inspired in natural prototypes were synthetized. Bioactive natural xanthones compromise a large structural multiplicity of compounds, including a diversity of chiral derivatives. Thus, recently an exponential interest in synthetic chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) has been witnessed. The synthetic methodologies can afford structures that otherwise could not be reached within the natural products for biological activity and SAR studies. Another reason that justifies this trend is that both enantiomers can be obtained by using appropriate synthetic pathways, allowing the possibility to perform enantioselectivity studies. In this work, a literature review of synthetic CDXs is presented. The structures, the approaches used for their synthesis and the biological activities are described, emphasizing the enantioselectivity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Letícia Carraro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Araújo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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15
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Ribeiro PR, Ferraz CG, Cruz FG. New steroid and other compounds from non-polar extracts of Clusia burle-marxii and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Liangsakul P, Kuhakarn C, Hongthong S, Jariyawat S, Suksen K, Akkarawongsapat R, Limthongkul J, Napaswad C, Reutrakul V. Anti-HIV 1 Activity of Xanthones from the Bark of Mammea harmandii. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new xanthone glycoside 1 together with four known flavonoid derivatives, astilbin (2), neoastilbin (3), isoastilbin (4), and epicatechin (5) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction partitioned from the methanol extract of the bark of Mammea harmandii. The chemical structures of all isolated compounds were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data. Compound 1 exhibited selective significant inhibitory activity in the anti-syncytium assay with an EC50 value of 11.44 μM (SI = 14.03) while it was found inactive against HIV 1 reverse transcriptase as well as cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponsiri Liangsakul
- Department of Chemistry, and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Chutima Kuhakarn
- Department of Chemistry, and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sakchai Hongthong
- Department of Chemistry, and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Surawat Jariyawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kanoknetr Suksen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Radeekorn Akkarawongsapat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jitra Limthongkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chanita Napaswad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry, and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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17
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(±)-Japonones A and B, two pairs of new enantiomers with anti-KSHV activities from Hypericum japonicum. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27588. [PMID: 27270221 PMCID: PMC4897785 DOI: 10.1038/srep27588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Two pairs of new enantiomers with unusual 5,5-spiroketal cores, termed (±)-japonones A and B [(±)-1 and (±)-2], were obtained from Hypericum japonicum Thunb. The absolute configurations of (±)-1 and (±)-2 were characterized by extensive analyses of spectroscopic data and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, the application of modified Mosher’s methods, and the assistance of quantum chemical predictions (QCP) of 13C NMR chemical shifts. Among these metabolites, (+)-1 exhibited some inhibitory activity on Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Virtual screening of (±)-1 and (±)-2 were conducted using the Surflex-Dock module in the Sybyl software, and (+)-1 exhibited ability to bind with ERK to form key interactions with residues Lys52, Pro56, Ile101, Asp165, Gly167 and Val99.
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18
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Hu L, Wang Z, Zhang J, Lu Y, Wang K, Xue Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Two New Bioactive α-Pyrones from Hypericum japonicum. Molecules 2016; 21:515. [PMID: 27104499 PMCID: PMC6272854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypericum japonicum (Guttiferae), a type of annual or perennial herb, has been historically applied to cure infectious hepatitis, acute and chronic hepatitis, gastrointestinal disorder, and internal hemorrhage. In our successive studies on the genus Hypericum, two new α-pyrones termed japopyrones A and B (1 and 2) were isolated from H. japonicum. Their structures and absolute configurations were established by the comprehensive analyses of spectroscopic data, the application of the Single-crystal X-ray diffraction structural analysis, and the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Bioactivity screenings suggested that compound 2 possessed the potential inhibition efficacy on lytic replication of Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) with an IC50 29.46 μM and a selective index of higher than 6.79, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhen Hu
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jinwen Zhang
- Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Kaiping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yongbo Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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19
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Fobofou SAT, Harmon CR, Lonfouo AHN, Franke K, Wright SM, Wessjohann LA. Prenylated phenyl polyketides and acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum peplidifolium. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 124:108-113. [PMID: 26880290 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In search for new or chemo-taxonomically relevant bioactive compounds from chemically unexplored Hypericum species, four previously undescribed natural products, named peplidiforones A-D were isolated and characterized from Hypericum peplidifolium A. Rich., together with six known compounds. The structures of all compounds were elucidated by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments, high resolution mass spectrometric analyses (HR-MS), and by comparison with data reported in the literature. Seven of these compounds are phenyl polyketides while three are acylphloroglucinol type compounds. Peplidiforone C, which possesses an unusual carbon skeleton consisting of a furan ring substituted by a 2,2-dimethylbut-3-enoyl moiety, is the first example of a prenylated furan derivative isolated from the genus Hypericum. The cytotoxicity, antifungal, and anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activities of extracts and compounds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Alain Tanemossu Fobofou
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chelsea Rebecca Harmon
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, P.O. Box 68, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Antoine Honoré Nkuete Lonfouo
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Katrin Franke
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Stephen M Wright
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, P.O. Box 60, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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20
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Assessment of a Flavone-Polysaccharide Based Prescription for Treating Duck Virus Hepatitis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146046. [PMID: 26731101 PMCID: PMC4701506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Because polysaccharide and flavone ingredients display good antiviral activity, we developed a flavone/polysaccharide-containing prescription that would be effective against duck viral hepatitis (DVH) and investigated its hepatoprotective effects. Flavones were derived from Hypericum japonicum (HJF) (entire herb of Hypericum japonicum Thunb) and Salvia plebeia (SPF) (entire herb of Salvia plebeia R. Br.), and polysaccharides were derived from Radix Rehmanniae Recens (RRRP) (dried root of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch). This prescription combination was based on the theory of syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese veterinary medicine. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted using the three single ingredients compared to the combined HRS prescription to determine their anti-duck hepatitis A viral (anti-DHAV) activity. The results showed that all experimental conditions displayed anti-DHAV activity, but the HRS prescription presented the best effect. To further investigate the hepatoprotective effect of the HRS prescription on DHAV-induced hepatic injury, we tested the mortality rate, the hepatic pathological severity score, plasma biochemical indexes of hepatic function, blood DHAV gene expression levels and peroxidation damage evaluation indexes and then analyzed correlations among these indexes. The results demonstrated that the HRS prescription significantly decreased the mortality rate, reduced the severity of hepatic injury, decreased the hepatic pathological severity score, depressed blood DHAV gene expression levels, and returned the indexes of hepatic function and peroxidation almost to a normal level. These results indicate that the HRS prescription confers an outstanding hepatoprotective effect, and we expect that it will be developed into a new candidate anti-DHAV drug.
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21
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Sun Y, Li D, Jia C, Xue C, Bai J, Li Z, Hua H. Three new xanthones from the leaves of Garcinia lancilimba. J Nat Med 2015; 70:173-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-015-0950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Zhang JJ, Yang XW, Ma JZ, Ye Y, Shen XL, Xu G. Cytotoxic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum henryi. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Xia Z, Zhang H, Xu D, Lao Y, Fu W, Tan H, Cao P, Yang L, Xu H. Xanthones from the Leaves of Garcinia cowa Induce Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in Cancer Cells. Molecules 2015; 20:11387-99. [PMID: 26102071 PMCID: PMC6272390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200611387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new xanthones, cowaxanthones G (1) and H (2), and 23 known analogues were isolated from an acetone extract of the leaves of Garcinia cowa. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines and immortalized HL7702 normal liver cells, whereby compounds 1, 5, 8, and 15-17 exhibited significant cytotoxicity. Cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry showed that 5 induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase in a dose-dependent manner, 1 and 16 at the G2/M phase, and 17 at the G1 phase, while 16 and 17 induced apoptosis. Moreover, autophagy analysis by GFP-LC3 puncta formation and western blotting suggested that 17 induced autophagy. Taken together, our results suggest that these xanthones possess anticancer activities targeting cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxiang Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Danqing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yuanzhi Lao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wenwei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 100 Shizi Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Ling Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhong-shan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
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24
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Yang XW, Li MM, Liu X, Ferreira D, Ding Y, Zhang JJ, Liao Y, Qin HB, Xu G. Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Congeners Possessing Diverse Structures from Hypericum henryi. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:885-95. [PMID: 25871261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) are a class of hybrid natural products sharing the mevalonate/methylerythritol phosphate and polyketide biosynthetic pathways and showing considerable structural and bioactive diversity. In a systematic phytochemical investigation of Hypericum henryi, 40 PPAP-type derivatives, including the new compounds hyphenrones G-Q, were obtained. These compounds represent 12 different structural types, including four unusual skeletons exemplified by 5, 8, 10, and 17. The 12 different core structures found are explicable in terms of their biosynthetic origin. The structure of a known PPAP, perforatumone, was revised to hyphenrone A (5) by NMR spectroscopic and biomimetic synthesis methods. Several compounds exhibited inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase and human tumor cell lines. This study deals with the structural diversity, function, and biogenesis of natural PPAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Wei Yang
- †State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- ⊥University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Ming Li
- †State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Liu
- †State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- ⊥University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- †State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- ⊥University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liao
- †State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- ⊥University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Bo Qin
- †State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Xu
- †State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
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25
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Zhao J, Liu W, Wang JC. Recent Advances Regarding Constituents and Bioactivities of Plants from the GenusHypericum. Chem Biodivers 2015; 12:309-49. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Wezeman T, Bräse S, Masters KS. Xanthone dimers: a compound family which is both common and privileged. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:6-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00050a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This Review seeks to systematically describe, for the first time, the widely-occurring and highly biologically-active family of dimeric xanthones from nature, encompassing several aspects of their biosynthesis, occurrence, contrasting structural features and wide variety of bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wezeman
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG)
| | - Kye-Simeon Masters
- Discipline of Nanotechnology and Molecular Sciences
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
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27
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Antibacterial and EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitory activities of polyhydroxylated xanthones from Garcinia succifolia. Molecules 2014; 19:19923-34. [PMID: 25460314 PMCID: PMC6271254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the methanol extract of the wood of Garcinia succifolia Kurz (Clusiaceae) led to the isolation of 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (1), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2), 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone (3), 1,5,6-trihydroxyxanthone (4), 1,6,7-trihydroxyxanthone (5), and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone (6). All of the isolated xanthones were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against bacterial reference strains, two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923, Bacillus subtillis ATCC 6633) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), and environmental drug-resistant isolates (S. aureus B1, Enteroccoccus faecalis W1, and E. coli G1), as well as for their epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity. Only 1,5,6-trihydroxy-(4), 1,6,7-trihydroxy-(5), and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthones (6) exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, however none was active against vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis. Additionally, 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2) showed synergism with oxacillin, but not with ampicillin. On the other hand, only 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (1) and 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (2) were found to exhibit the EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 90.34 and 223 nM, respectively.
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Tanemossu SAF, Franke K, Arnold N, Schmidt J, Wabo HK, Tane P, Wessjohann LA. Rare biscoumarin derivatives and flavonoids from Hypericum riparium. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 105:171-177. [PMID: 24930002 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae. Chemical investigation of the methanol extract of the stem bark of H. riparium led to the isolation of four natural products, 7,7'-dihydroxy-6,6'-biscoumarin (1), 7,7'-dihydroxy-8,8'-biscoumarin (2), 7-methoxy-6,7'-dicoumarinyl ether (3), 2'-hydroxy-5'-(7″-methoxycoumarin-6″-yl)-4'-methoxyphenylpropanoic acid (4), together with one known 7,7'-dimethoxy-6,6'-biscoumarin (5), two flavones, 2'-methoxyflavone (6) and 3'-methoxy flavone (7), and two steroids, stigmast-4-en-3-one (8) and ergosta-4,6,8,22-tetraen-3-one (9). In addition, tetradecanoic acid (10), n-pentadecanoic acid (11), hexadecanoic acid (12), cis-10-heptadecenoic acid (13), octadecanoic acid (14) campesterol (15), stigmasterol (16), β-sitosterol (17), stigmastanol (18), β-eudesmol (19), 1-hexadecanol (20), and 1-octadecanol (21) were identified by GC-MS analysis. Compound 4 consists of a phenylpropanoic acid derivative fused with a coumarin unit, while compounds 2 and 3 are rare members of C8-C8' and C7-O-C6 linked biscoumarins. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments and electrospray (ESI) high resolution mass spectrometry (MS) including detailed MS/MS studies. This is the first report on the isolation of biscoumarins from the genus Hypericum, although simple coumarin derivatives have been reported from this genus in the literature. The cytotoxic activities of compounds 2-5 were evaluated against the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 and the colon cancer cell line HT-29. They do not exhibit any significant cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Alain Fobofou Tanemossu
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Katrin Franke
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jürgen Schmidt
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hippolyte Kamdem Wabo
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Tane
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Dulger B, Hacioglu N. Antibacterial Activity of Three EndemicHypericumSpecies used in Folkloric Medicine against Methicilin-ResistantStaphylococcus Aureus. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2009.10818535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Xie Z, Huang J, Xie Z, Yu X, Yang M, Yang D, Xu X. Isolation and Purification of Isoquercitrin and Quercitrin fromsf Hypericum JaponicumThunb.ex Murray by Counter-Current Chromatography. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.864310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ramírez-González I, Amaro-Luis JM, Bahsas A. Xanthones from aerial parts of Hypericum laricifolium Juss. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300801218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
From the aerial parts of Hypericum laricifolium Juss., twelve compounds were isolated and identified. They were the xanthones: 1-hydroxy-7-methoxy-xanthone (1), 1,7-dihydroxy-xanthone (2), 2-hydroxy-xanthone (3), 6-deoxyisojacareubin (4), 1,3-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-xanthone (6), and 1,5,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-xanthone (7), together with β-sitosterol, betulinic acid, vanillic acid, isoquercitrin and a mixture of quercetin and isorhamnetin. All the compounds were characterized by spectroscopic and mass spectrometric methods, and by comparison with literature data. Thisis the first report on the presence of xanthones in H.laricifolium. 1,3-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-xanthone has been previously synthesized, but this is the first report of its isolation from a natural source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irama Ramírez-González
- Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioanálisis, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida
| | - Juan Manuel Amaro-Luis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, República Bolivariana de Venezuela
| | - Alí Bahsas
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, República Bolivariana de Venezuela
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Dibwe DF, Awale S, Kadota S, Morita H, Tezuka Y. Heptaoxygenated xanthones as anti-austerity agents from Securidaca longepedunculata. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7663-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mulholland DA, Mwangi EM, Dlova NC, Plant N, Crouch NR, Coombes PH. Non-toxic melanin production inhibitors from Garcinia livingstonei (Clusiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:570-575. [PMID: 23891889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The stem bark of Garcinia livingstonei is used traditionally as a skin lightening agent. AIM OF THE STUDY To isolate and identify compounds responsible for the observed skin lightening activity of Garcinia livingstonei and to evaluate their cytotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Constituents of the stem bark and fruits of Garcinia livingstonei were isolated using chromatographic techniques and structures were determined using 1D and 2D NMR and MS analysis. MeWo cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and impact on melanin levels of extracts and compounds isolated, in vitro. RESULTS Twelve known compounds, morelloflavone (1), morelloflavone-7″-sulphate (2), guttiferone A (3), sargaol (4), isojacareubin (5), 6-deoxyisojacareubin (6) and in addition to the common triterpenoids, betulin, betulin aldehyde, lupeol, lupenone, euphol and stigmasterol were isolated in this investigation. Morelloflavone, morelloflavone-7″-sulphate and sargaol, were found to be considerably less cytotoxic and more effective as skin lightening agents than hydroquinone. CONCLUSIONS A range of compounds was isolated from the stem bark and fruit of Garcinia livingstonei. Although the bark extract contained the cytotoxic guttiferone A, it was found to be less toxic than hydroquinone, and morelloflavone, the 7″-sulphate derivative and sargaol show potential for development as depigmentation/skin lightening agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulcie A Mulholland
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom.
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Mungmee C, Sitthigool S, Buakeaw A, Suttisri R. A new biphenyl and other constituents from the wood of Garcinia schomburgkiana. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:1949-55. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2013.796469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chutichot Mungmee
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Supotchana Sitthigool
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Anumart Buakeaw
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rutt Suttisri
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Zhang HB, Lu P, Cao WB, Zhang ZH, Meng XL. The effect-enhancing and toxicity-reducing activity of Hypericum japonicum Thunb. extract in murine liver cancer chemotherapy. Mol Clin Oncol 2012; 1:395-399. [PMID: 24649182 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2012.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbs are potential sources of antitumor drugs with immunoregulatory activity and few adverse effects. In the present study, we investigated whether the Hypericum japonicum Thunb. (HJT) extract enhanced the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment in murine liver tumor xenografts and reduced toxicity of chemotherapy in hepatoma H22-bearing mice. Tumor weight and inhibition rate, thymus and spleen indices, as well as white blood cell (WBC) count were calculated. The phagocytic function of macrophages was assessed by observing peritoneal macrophages phagocytized chicken red blood cells (RBC). Body weight and toxic reactions of the chemotherapeutic and life prolongation rate were investigated in the mice. Results demonstrated that the HJT extract significantly enhanced the tumor inhibition rate of 5-FU, improved the immune function, reduced the toxic effects and prolonged the survival time in the tumor-bearing mice. Taken together, these results indicated that the HJT extract has a synergistic tumor-inhibiting effect with 5-FU, is able to reduce the toxic side effects and is likely to be safe and efficacious for use in antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001; ; Department of Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008
| | - Wen-Bo Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001
| | - Xiang-Lei Meng
- Department of Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
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Xia ZX, Zhang DD, Liang S, Lao YZ, Zhang H, Tan HS, Chen SL, Wang XH, Xu HX. Bioassay-guided isolation of prenylated xanthones and polycyclic acylphloroglucinols from the leaves of Garcinia nujiangensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1459-64. [PMID: 22871217 DOI: 10.1021/np3003639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the acetone extract of the leaves of Garcinia nujiangensis resulted in the isolation of two new prenylated xanthones, nujiangexanthones A (1) and B (2), three new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols, nujiangefolins A-C (3-5), and 10 known related analogues. The structures of compounds 1-5 were elucidated by interpretation of their spectroscopic data. Compounds 3 and 4 are unusual polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols in which the enol hydroxy group forms a six-membered ring with a benzene ring carbon. The compounds isolated were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against 11 cancer cell lines and immortalized MIHA normal liver cells, and the test substances demonstrated selectivity toward the cancer cells. Isojacareubin (6) was found to be the most potent cytotoxic compound of those tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Xiang Xia
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Chen Y, Fan H, Yang GZ, Jiang Y, Zhong FF, He HW. Two Unusual Xanthones from the Bark of Garcinia xanthochymus. Helv Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Niu Y, Zhang L, Zhou ZY, Zhu YC, Liu JK. A new compound from Hypericum reptans. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2010; 12:719-722. [PMID: 20706911 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2010.489509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new compound, 2,7,4a-trimethoxy-1,4,4a,8b-tetrahydrodibenzo-p-dioxin-4-one (1), was isolated from the aerial parts of the Hypericum reptans. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data and further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Chen XQ, Li Y, Cheng X, Wang K, He J, Pan ZH, Li MM, Peng LY, Xu G, Zhao QS. Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols and ChromoneO-Glucosides fromHypericum henryisubsp.uraloides. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:196-204. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Yazaki K, Sasaki K, Tsurumaru Y. Prenylation of aromatic compounds, a key diversification of plant secondary metabolites. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1739-45. [PMID: 19819506 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 08/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Prenylation plays a major role in the diversification of aromatic natural products, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and coumarins. This biosynthetic reaction represents the crucial coupling process of the shikimate or polyketide pathway providing an aromatic moiety and the isoprenoid pathway derived from the mevalonate or methyl erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, which provides the prenyl (isoprenoid) chain. In particular, prenylation contributes strongly to the diversification of flavonoids, due to differences in the prenylation position on the aromatic rings, various lengths of prenyl chain, and further modifications of the prenyl moiety, e.g., cyclization and hydroxylation, resulting in the occurrence of ca. 1000 prenylated flavonoids in plants. Many prenylated flavonoids have been identified as active components in medicinal plants with biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-androgen, anti-leishmania, and anti-nitric oxide production. Due to their beneficial effects on human health, prenylated flavonoids are of particular interest as lead compounds for producing drugs and functional foods. However, the gene coding for prenyltransferases that catalyze the key step of flavonoid prenylation have remained unidentified for more than three decades, because of the membrane-bound nature of these enzymes. Recently, we have succeeded in identifying the first prenyltransferase gene SfN8DT-1 from Sophora flavescens, which is responsible for the prenylation of the flavonoid naringenin at the 8-position, and is specific for flavanones and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) as substrates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SfN8DT-1 has the same evolutionary origin as prenyltransferases for vitamin E and plastoquinone. A prenyltransferase GmG4DT from soybean, which is involved in the formation of glyceollin, was also identified recently. This enzyme was specific for pterocarpan as its aromatic substrate, and (-)-glycinol was the native substrate yielding the direct precursor of glyceollin I. These enzymes are localized to plastids and the prenyl chain is derived from the MEP pathway. Further relevant genes involved in the prenylation of other types of polyphenol are expected to be cloned by utilizing the sequence information provided by the above studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Yazaki
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Japan.
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Tanaka N, Kashiwada Y, Kim SY, Sekiya M, Ikeshiro Y, Takaishi Y. Xanthones from Hypericum chinense and their cytotoxicity evaluation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1456-1461. [PMID: 19766276 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A xanthonolignoid, 2-O-demethylkielcorin, and a phenylxanthone, chinexanthone A, were isolated from stems of Hypericum chinense together with four known xanthonolignoids and seven known xanthones. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis, as their optical properties and absolute stereochemistry determined. The cytotoxicities of the isolated xanthone derivatives as well as additional 32 xanthones against a panel of human cancer cell lines were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naonobu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Shomachi 1-78, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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GUO N. A New Polyisoprenylated Benzoylphloroglucinol Derivative from Hypericum henryi subsp. uraloides (Guttiferae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1143.2008.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhong FF, Chen Y, Yang GZ. Chemical Constituents from the Bark ofGarcinia xanthochymusand Their 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical-Scavenging Activities. Helv Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200890185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Simultaneous analysis of flavonoids from Hypericum japonicum Thunb.ex Murray (Hypericaceae) by HPLC-DAD–ESI/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 46:342-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Revised: 09/13/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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45
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Kuete V, Nguemeving JR, Beng VP, Azebaze AGB, Etoa FX, Meyer M, Bodo B, Nkengfack AE. Antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extracts and compounds from Vismia laurentii De Wild (Guttiferae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 109:372-9. [PMID: 16971076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 05/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Methanolic extracts prepared from the leaves, twigs and the roots of Vismia laurentii De Wild as well as nine compounds isolated from these crude extracts, were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (six species), Gram-negative bacteria (12 species) and two Candida species using disc diffusion and well micro-dilution methods. The disc diffusion assay indicated that the crude extract was active against all the pathogens tested, whereas isolated compounds showed selective activities. The degree of sensitivity of the test organisms to purified compounds varied from 25 to 90%. Fridelin (8) was found to be the most active compound, while Bivismiaquinone (3) was the least active. The lowest minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values as obtained by the micro-dilution assays were 19.53 and 1.22 microg/ml for the crude extracts and purified compounds, respectively. The lowest value for the purified compounds (1.22 microg/ml) was obtained with O(1)-demethyl-3',4'-deoxypsorospermin-3',4'-diol (6) on Candida gabrata and Bacillus subtilis; 1,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone (5) on Bacillus subtilis and 6-deoxyisojacareubin (7) on Bacillus stearothermophilus. These results provide promising baseline information for the potential use of these crude extracts as well as some of the isolated compounds in the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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Zhang WD, Fu P, Liu RH, Li TZ, Li HL, Zhang W, Chen HS. A new bisxanthone from Hypericum japonicum. Fitoterapia 2007; 78:74-5. [PMID: 17067758 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2005.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2005] [Accepted: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new bisxanthone, named jacarelhyperols D (1), was isolated from the whole plant of Hypericum japonicum. Its chemical structure was elucidated as 6-[1',5',6'-trihydroxy-2''-(alpha-hydroxy-alpha-methyl)ethyl-3'',4''-dihydrofuran (2'',3'',3',4') xanthone-3''-oxyl]-1,3,5-trihydroxy-xanthone on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Phytochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, No. 325, Guohe Rd., Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
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Fu P, Zhang WD, Liu RH, Li TZ, Shen YH, Li HL, Zhang W, Chen HS. Two new xanthones from Hypericum japonicum. Nat Prod Res 2006; 20:1237-40. [PMID: 17127515 DOI: 10.1080/14786410600906095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two new xanthones, 1,6-dihydroxyisojacereubin-5-O-beta-D-glucoside (1) and 3,6,7-tri-hydroxy-1-methoxy-xanthone (2), were isolated from Hypericum japonicum. The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds were primarily based on HREIMS, EIMS, UV, IR, 1D-, and 2D-NMR analyses, including COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fu
- Department of Phytochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
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Nguemeving JR, Azebaze AGB, Kuete V, Eric Carly NN, Beng VP, Meyer M, Blond A, Bodo B, Nkengfack AE. Laurentixanthones A and B, antimicrobial xanthones from Vismia laurentii. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2006; 67:1341-6. [PMID: 16740282 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2006] [Revised: 03/18/2006] [Accepted: 03/22/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the constituents of the roots of Vismia laurentii has resulted in the isolation of two xanthone derivatives named laurentixanthone A (1) (6-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)pyrano[2,3-c]xanthen-7(3H)-one) and laurentixanthone B (2) (1-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetramethoxyxanthone), along with 11 known compounds: 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone, vismiaquinone, vismiaquinone B, bivismiaquinone, 3-geranyloxy-6-methyl-1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, O(1)-demethyl-3',4'-deoxypsorospermin-3',4'-diol, 6-deoxyisojacareubin, 1,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone, kaempferol, friedelin and stigmasterol. The structures of compounds were established by means of spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the compounds were screened for antimicrobial activities in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Robert Nguemeving
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Conforti F, Statti GA, Tundis R, Bianchi A, Agrimonti C, Sacchetti G, Andreotti E, Menichini F, Poli F. Comparative chemical composition and variability of biological activity of methanolic extracts from Hypericum perforatum L. Nat Prod Res 2005; 19:295-303. [PMID: 15702645 DOI: 10.1080/14786410410001715596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The biovariability of Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's Wort) grown wild in Calabria and Sardinia (Italy) was reported with the aim to characterize the species through the isolation, detection, and quantitative evaluations of chemical markers (hypericin, quercetin, rutin) by HPLC analysis. Antioxidant activity of the methanolic H. perforatum extracts showed that the Calabrian samples were more active than those from Sardinia. The antibacterial activity evidenced the best performance on the gram positive bacteria with a MIC value of 50 microg/mL. Moreover, antifungal activity of all the extracts was also tested which showed interesting results particularly on the phytopathogene fungus P. ultimum. The variability shown by the samples could be attributed to environmental factors such as chemical-physical properties, composition of the soil, geographical coordinate, altitude, and solar exposure. The phytochemical analysis and the biological activity data suggested a possible use of H. perforatum extracts in the alimentary, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Conforti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università della Calabria, via Pietro Bucci, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
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Helesbeux JJ, Duval O, Dartiguelongue C, Séraphin D, Oger JM, Richomme P. Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl substituted coumarins and xanthones as natural products. Application of the Schenck ene reaction of singlet oxygen with ortho-prenylphenol precursors. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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