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Chemical Review of Gorgostane-Type Steroids Isolated from Marine Organisms and Their 13C-NMR Spectroscopic Data Characteristics. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020139. [PMID: 35200668 PMCID: PMC8878145 DOI: 10.3390/md20020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gorgostane steroids are isolated from marine organisms and consist of 30 carbon atoms with a characteristic cyclopropane moiety. From the pioneering results to the end of 2021, isolation, biosynthesis, and structural elucidation using 13C-NMR will be used. Overall, 75 compounds are categorized into five major groups: gorgost-5-ene, 5,6-epoxygorgostane, 5,6-dihydroxygorgostane, 9,11-secogorgostane, and 23-demethylgorgostane, in addition to miscellaneous gorgostane. The structural diversity, selectivity for marine organisms, and biological effects of gorgostane steroids have generated considerable interest in the field of drug discovery research.
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Ermolenko EV, Imbs AB, Gloriozova TA, Poroikov VV, Sikorskaya TV, Dembitsky VM. Chemical Diversity of Soft Coral Steroids and Their Pharmacological Activities. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E613. [PMID: 33276570 PMCID: PMC7761492 DOI: 10.3390/md18120613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The review is devoted to the chemical diversity of steroids produced by soft corals and their determined and potential activities. There are about 200 steroids that belong to different types of steroids such as secosteroids, spirosteroids, epoxy- and peroxy-steroids, steroid glycosides, halogenated steroids, polyoxygenated steroids and steroids containing sulfur or nitrogen heteroatoms. Of greatest interest is the pharmacological activity of these steroids. More than 40 steroids exhibit antitumor and related activity with a confidence level of over 90 percent. A group of 32 steroids shows anti-hypercholesterolemic activity with over 90 percent confidence. Ten steroids exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and 20 steroids can be classified as respiratory analeptic drugs. Several steroids exhibit rather rare and very specific activities. Steroids exhibit anti-osteoporotic properties and can be used to treat osteoporosis, as well as have strong anti-eczemic and anti-psoriatic properties and antispasmodic properties. Thus, this review is probably the first and exclusive to present the known as well as the potential pharmacological activities of 200 marine steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V. Ermolenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.V.E.); (A.B.I.); (T.V.S.)
| | - Andrey B. Imbs
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.V.E.); (A.B.I.); (T.V.S.)
| | - Tatyana A. Gloriozova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, bldg. 8, 10 Pogodinskaya Str., 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.G.); (V.V.P.)
| | - Vladimir V. Poroikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, bldg. 8, 10 Pogodinskaya Str., 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.G.); (V.V.P.)
| | - Tatyana V. Sikorskaya
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.V.E.); (A.B.I.); (T.V.S.)
| | - Valery M. Dembitsky
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.V.E.); (A.B.I.); (T.V.S.)
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada
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Computational Tools in the Discovery of FABP4 Ligands: A Statistical and Molecular Modeling Approach. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17110624. [PMID: 31683588 PMCID: PMC6891735 DOI: 10.3390/md17110624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecule inhibitors of adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) have received interest following the recent publication of their pharmacologically beneficial effects. Recently, it was revealed that FABP4 is an attractive molecular target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, other metabolic diseases, and some type of cancers. In past years, hundreds of effective FABP4 inhibitors have been synthesized and discovered, but, unfortunately, none have reached the clinical research phase. The field of computer-aided drug design seems to be promising and useful for the identification of FABP4 inhibitors; hence, different structure- and ligand-based computational approaches have been used for their identification. In this paper, we searched for new potentially active FABP4 ligands in the Marine Natural Products (MNP) database. We retrieved 14,492 compounds from this database and filtered through them with a statistical and computational filter. Seven compounds were suggested by our methodology to possess a potential inhibitory activity upon FABP4 in the range of 97–331 nM. ADMET property prediction was performed to validate the hypothesis of the interaction with the intended target and to assess the drug-likeness of these derivatives. From these analyses, three molecules that are excellent candidates for becoming new drugs were found.
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Cheng SY, Chen HP, Wang SK, Duh CY. Three New 9,11-Secosterols from the Formosan Soft CoralSinularia leptoclados. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Pandey PK. Endangered medicinal species of the Indian Ocean: radical need for conservation. Chem Biodivers 2009; 6:990-1001. [PMID: 19623561 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Life originated in the Oceans, which are also the most fertile source of chemically distinctive natural products that are mainly accumulated in living organisms. Several of these compounds show pharmacological activities, and are helpful for the invention and discovery of bioactive compounds, primarily for several fatal diseases. The Indian Ocean is home to several exotic species of flora and fauna. Several environmental and man-made factors are responsible for deterioration of several precious biodiversity areas of the Ocean. The author, while highlighting the medicinal importance of these organisms, underlines the need for comprehensive conservatory measures on the part of the international community to be taken in order to maintain the rich Oceanic biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pt Kartikay Pandey
- Dr. Pandey's Laboratories and Research Foundation, Behind Madiyaon Police Station, Lucknow, India.
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Sarma NS, Krishna MS, Pasha SG, Rao TSP, Venkateswarlu Y, Parameswaran PS. Marine Metabolites: The Sterols of Soft Coral. Chem Rev 2009; 109:2803-28. [PMID: 19435309 DOI: 10.1021/cr800503e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nittala S. Sarma
- School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India, OCD I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India, and National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403 004, India
| | - Moturi S. Krishna
- School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India, OCD I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India, and National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403 004, India
| | - Sk. Gouse Pasha
- School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India, OCD I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India, and National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403 004, India
| | - Thota S. Prakasa Rao
- School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India, OCD I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India, and National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403 004, India
| | - Y. Venkateswarlu
- School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India, OCD I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India, and National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403 004, India
| | - P. S. Parameswaran
- School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India, OCD I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India, and National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403 004, India
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Chang CH, Wen ZH, Wang SK, Duh CY. New anti-inflammatory steroids from the Formosan soft coral Clavularia viridis. Steroids 2008; 73:562-7. [PMID: 18291432 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Four new steroids, stoloniferones R-T (1-3), and (25S)-24-methylenecholestane-3 beta,5 alpha,6 beta-triol-26-acetate (4) were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the soft coral Clavularia viridis. The structures of the metabolites were elucidated by extensive spectral analysis and their anti-inflammatory activity was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
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Duh CY, Lo IW, Wang SK, Dai CF. New cytotoxic steroids from the soft coral Clavularia viridis. Steroids 2007; 72:573-9. [PMID: 17485104 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2007.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2007] [Revised: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ten new cytotoxic steroids, stoloniferones H-Q (1-10) were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the soft coral Clavularia viridis. The structures of the metabolites were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic (IR, MS, and 1D and 2D NMR) analysis and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Iguchi K, Sawai H, Nishimura H, Fujita M, Yamori T. New Dolabellane-Type Diterpenoids from the Okinawan Soft Coral of the GenusClavularia. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2002. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.75.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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A synthetic approach towards stoloniferones: synthesis of 11-acetyl-24-desmethyl-stoloniferone C. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)02306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Iwashima M, Nara K, Nakamichi Y, Iguchi K. Three new chlorinated marine steroids, yonarasterols G, H and I, isolated from the okinawan soft coral, Clavularia viridis. Steroids 2001; 66:25-32. [PMID: 11090655 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(00)00144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Three new chlorinated marine steroids, yonarasterols G, H and I, were isolated from the Okinawan soft coral, Clavularia viridis. Their structures including the absolute configuration were determined based on the results of spectroscopic analysis and chemical conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iwashima
- School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Horinouchi, Hachioji, 192-0392, Tokyo, Japan
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Iwashima M, Nara K, Iguchi K. New marine steroids, yonarasterols, isolated from the okinawan soft coral, Clavularia viridis. Steroids 2000; 65:130-7. [PMID: 10699591 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(99)00095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Six new marine steroids, yonarasterols A through F, were isolated from the Okinawan soft coral, Clavularia viridis. Their structures were determined based on the results of spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iwashima
- School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
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Iwashima M, Okamoto K, Iguchi K. Clavirins, a new type of marine oxylipins with growth-inhibitory activity from the Okinawan soft coral, Clavularia viridis. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)01285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Eight new marine steroids were isolated from the Okinawan soft coral Clavularia viridis Quoy and Gaimard. Their structures were determined based on spectroscopic analysis, chemical conversion, and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Steroids 5 and 6 showed growth inhibition activity toward HeLa S3 cells and human diploid cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Watanabe
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy, Japan
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Iguchi K, Iwashima M, Watanabe K. Stoloniolide I and II, New Marine Lactonic Steroids with an Unprecedented 1,10-Secoergostane Skeleton, Isolated from the Okinawan Soft Coral,Clavularia viridis. CHEM LETT 1995. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1995.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lopp A, Pihlak A, Paves H, Samuel K, Koljak R, Samel N. The effect of 9,11-secosterol, a newly discovered compound from the soft coral Gersemia fruticosa, on the growth and cell cycle progression of various tumor cells in culture. Steroids 1994; 59:274-81. [PMID: 7915861 DOI: 10.1016/0039-128x(94)90113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A new 9,11-secosterol, 24-nor-9,11-seco-11-acetoxy-3 beta,6 alpha-dihydroxycholest-7,22(E)-dien-9-one, was found to exhibit growth inhibitory (IC50 below 10 microM) and cytotoxic activities against human leukemia K562, human cervical cancer HeLa, and Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vitro. The cytostatic concentrations of the compound generally caused the G2/M block in the cell cycle progression, but differences between the three tumor cell lines in the events leading to cell death were remarkable. While inhibiting cell proliferation, 9,11-secosterol caused accumulation of HeLa and K562 cells in the metaphase of mitosis. So, abnormal mitosis can play an important role in the cytotoxicity of 9,11-secosterol in these cell lines. In the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell line the increasing concentrations of the drug (up to 40 microM) did not cause an immediate cell killing. Instead, due to continued DNA synthesis without entry into mitosis, cells with high DNA ploidy were produced. It was shown that the cytoskeletal systems such as microtubules and microfilaments were not damaged by the action of 9,11-secosterol. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanism of the cytotoxic effect of 9,11-secosterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lopp
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Estonian Academy of Sciences, Tallinn
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Abstract
Aqueous and/or aqueous ethanol extracts were made of 58 scleractinian species from 11 families, collected from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. At least one extract from each of 53 species (91%) exhibited activity against at least one bioassay system. Extracts from at least one colony of each of 41 species of the 58 tested were toxic to mice when injected i.p. Cytolysis of sheep red blood cells was produced by extracts from at least one colony of each of 49 species of the 57 species tested and antibacterial activity was present in extracts from at least one colony of each of 37 species of the 55 tested. Only four species from 45 species assayed yielded extracts toxic to mosquito fish. This is the first report of bioactivity in extracts of 46 species of coral and the first report of bioactivity of extracts of corals from the families Mussidae, Merulinidae, Siderastreidae, Oculinidae and Dendrophylliidae. Variable results on a particular bioassay exhibited by extracts from different colonies of a given species were analysed by the Generalized Linear Interactive Modelling system (GLIM). Toxicity to mice, cytolytic and antimicrobial activity are not significantly correlated with each other. No model could be generated to explain the variation in the incidence of cytolytic activity nor of antimicrobial activity. However antimicrobial activity varied significantly between collection trips and was negatively associated with the presence of immature gonads in the colonies. The model predicts that toxicity to mice will be higher in extracts collected when average maximum monthly air temperature is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gunthorpe
- Department of Zoology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
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The Search for Antiviral and Anticancer Compounds from Marine Organisms. BIOORGANIC MARINE CHEMISTRY 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-72726-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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D'Ambrosio M, Guerriero A, Fabbri D, Pietra F. Sarcodictyeone, a ring-reduced, optically active linear tetraprenylquinone from the mediterranean stoloniferSarcodictyon roseum ( =Rolandia rosea). Helv Chim Acta 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19860690710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Krebs HC. Recent developments in the field of marine natural products with emphasis on biologically active compounds. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 1986; 49:151-363. [PMID: 2877925 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-8846-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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