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Rana N, Aziz MA, Oraby AK, Wuest M, Dufour J, Abouzid KAM, Wuest F, West FG. Towards Selective Binding to the GLUT5 Transporter: Synthesis, Molecular Dynamics and In Vitro Evaluation of Novel C-3-Modified 2,5-Anhydro-D-mannitol Analogs. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:828. [PMID: 35456662 PMCID: PMC9032776 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation and changes in energy metabolism are emergent and important biomarkers of cancer cells. The uptake of hexoses in cancer cells is mediated by a family of facilitative hexose membrane-transporter proteins known as Glucose Transporters (GLUTs). In the clinic, numerous breast cancers do not show elevated glucose metabolism (which is mediated mainly through the GLUT1 transporter) and may use fructose as an alternative energy source. The principal fructose transporter in most cancer cells is GLUT5, and its mRNA was shown to be elevated in human breast cancer. This offers an alternative strategy for early detection using fructose analogs. In order to selectively scout GLUT5 binding-pocket requirements, we designed, synthesized and screened a new class of fructose mimics based upon the 2,5-anhydromannitol scaffold. Several of these compounds display low millimolar IC50 values against the known high-affinity 18F-labeled fructose-based probe 6-deoxy-6-fluoro-D-fructose (6-FDF) in murine EMT6 breast cancer cells. In addition, this work used molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations (MD) with previously reported GLUT5 structures to gain better insight into hexose-GLUT interactions with selected ligands governing their preference for GLUT5 compared to other GLUTs. The improved inhibition of these compounds, and the refined model for their binding, set the stage for the development of high-affinity molecular imaging probes targeting cancers that express the GLUT5 biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Rana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta-Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G IZ2, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, 2-132 Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Marwa A Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo P.O. Box 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K Oraby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University of Science & Technology, Al-Motamayez District, 6th of October City P.O. Box 77, Egypt
| | - Melinda Wuest
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta-Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G IZ2, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, 2-132 Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Dufour
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta-Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G IZ2, Canada
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo P.O. Box 11566, Egypt
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City P.O. Box 32897, Egypt
| | - Frank Wuest
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta-Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G IZ2, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, 2-132 Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - F G West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, 2-132 Li Ka Shing, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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Chemical biology probes of mammalian GLUT structure and function. Biochem J 2018; 475:3511-3534. [PMID: 30459202 PMCID: PMC6243331 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The structure and function of glucose transporters of the mammalian GLUT family of proteins has been studied over many decades, and the proteins have fascinated numerous research groups over this time. This interest is related to the importance of the GLUTs as archetypical membrane transport facilitators, as key limiters of the supply of glucose to cell metabolism, as targets of cell insulin and exercise signalling and of regulated membrane traffic, and as potential drug targets to combat cancer and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. This review focusses on the use of chemical biology approaches and sugar analogue probes to study these important proteins.
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Chen Q, Gong T, Liu J, Wang X, Fu H, Zhang Z. Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo characterization of glycosyl derivatives of ibuprofen as novel prodrugs for brain drug delivery. J Drug Target 2009; 17:318-28. [DOI: 10.1080/10611860902795399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hashimoto M, Yang J, Hatanaka Y, Sadakane Y, Nakagomi K, Holman GD. Improvement in the properties of 3-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyldiazirine based photoreactive bis-glucose probes for GLUT4 following substitution on the phenyl ring. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2002; 50:1004-6. [PMID: 12130867 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.50.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have developed two novel 3-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyldiazirinyl bis-glucose derivatives to investigate the properties of the adipocyte glucose transporter GLUT4. These compounds were substituted by electron-withdrawing (iodo and nitro) groups on the aromatic ring of 3-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyldiazirine photophore and were found to be more photosensitive than compounds without such substituents. The compounds were used as inhibitors of insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity in order to assess half-maximal inhibition or relative affinity values for GLUT4. The affinities were found to be 60-130 times higher than the parent compound D-glucose. Because of the increased photo-reactivity and high affinity these compounds will be useful in studies directed at further elucidation of GLUT4 function.
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Hashimoto M, Hatanaka Y, Yang J, Dhesi J, Holman GD. Synthesis of biotinylated bis(D-glucose) derivatives for glucose transporter photoaffinity labelling. Carbohydr Res 2001; 331:119-27. [PMID: 11322726 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New diazirine based bis-glucose derivatives for tagging glucose transporters have been synthesised. These included two biotinylated compounds linked either by an aminocaproate or by a cleavable dithiol link. These compounds have been derivatised via a key skeleton compound that can be easily used for introduction of additional tags. Studies on the erythrocyte glucose transporter (GLUT1) and the insulin-stimulated adipose cell transporter (GLUT4) have revealed the biotinylated photoreactive bis-glucose compounds are effective labelling reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hashimoto
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, UK
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Hashimoto M, Yang J, Holman GD. Cell-surface recognition of biotinylated membrane proteins requires very long spacer arms: an example from glucose-transporter probes. Chembiochem 2001; 2:52-9. [PMID: 11828427 DOI: 10.1002/1439-7633(20010105)2:1<52::aid-cbic52>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Glucose transporters (GLUTs) can be photoaffinity labelled by (diazirinetrifluoroethyl)benzoyl-substituted glucose derivatives and the adduct can be recognised, after detergent solubilisation of membranes, by using streptavidin-based detection systems. However, in intact cells recognition of photolabelled GLUTs by avidin and anti-biotin antibodies only occurs if the bridge between the photoreactive and the biotin moieties has a minimum of 60--70 spacer atoms. We show that a suitably long bridge can be synthesised with a combination of polyethylene glycol and tartarate groups and that introduction of these spacers generates hydrophilic products that can be cleaved with periodate. Introduction of the very long spacers does not appreciably reduce the affinity of interaction of the probes with the transport system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hashimoto
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA27AY, UK
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Tatibouët A, Yang J, Morin C, Holman GD. Synthesis and evaluation of fructose analogues as inhibitors of the D-fructose transporter GLUT5. Bioorg Med Chem 2000; 8:1825-33. [PMID: 10976531 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the specificity and binding-site spatial requirements of the fructose transporter GLUT5. Interaction with a series of fructofuranosides and fructopyranosides suggests that both furanose and pyranose ring forms of D-fructose combine with GLUT5. The epimers of D-fructose all have low affinity for GLUT5 suggesting that the transporter requires all hydroxyls to be in the fructo-configuration. Similarly there is poor tolerance of all allyl derivatives of D-fructose except 6-O-allyl-D-fructofuranose. Therefore, the C-6 position offers the most suitable position for development of affinity probes and labels for exploring GLUT5 biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tatibouët
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK
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