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Hao X, Li S, Li J, Wang G, Li J, Peng Z, Gan M. Acremosides A-G, Sugar Alcohol-Conjugated Acyclic Sesquiterpenes from a Sponge-Derived Acremonium Species. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1059-1066. [PMID: 38561238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Seven new sugar alcohol-conjugated acyclic sesquiterpenes, acremosides A-G (1-7), were isolated from the cultures of the sponge-associated fungus Acremonium sp. IMB18-086 cultivated with heat-killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The structures were determined by comprehensive analyses of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The relative configurations were established by J-based configuration analysis and acetonide derivatization. The absolute configurations were elucidated by the Mosher ester method and ECD calculations. The structures of acremosides E-G (5-7) featured the linear sesquiterpene skeleton with a tetrahydrofuran moiety attached to a sugar alcohol. Acremosides A (1) and C-E (3-5) showed significant inhibitory activities against hepatitis C virus (EC50 values of 4.8-8.8 μM) with no cytotoxicity (CC50 of >200 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Hao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Jianrui Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Guiyang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Zonggen Peng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Maoluo Gan
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
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Ranieri R, Candeliere F, Sola L, Leonardi A, Rossi M, Amaretti A, Raimondi S. Production of arabitol from glycerol by immobilized cells of Wickerhamomyces anomalus WC 1501. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1375937. [PMID: 38659644 PMCID: PMC11039890 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1375937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyalcohols such as arabitol are among the main targets of biorefineries aiming to upcycle wastes and cheap substrates. In previous works Wickerhamomyces anomalus WC 1501 emerged as an excellent arabitol producer utilizing glycerol. Arabitol production by this strain is not growth associated, therefore, in this study, pre-grown cells were entrapped in calcium alginate beads (AB) and utilized for glycerol transformation to arabitol. Flasks experiments aimed to assess the medium composition (i.e., the concentration of inorganic and organic nitrogen sources and phosphates) and to establish the appropriate carrier-to-medium proportion. In flasks, under the best conditions of ammonium limitation and the carrier:medium ratio of 1:3 (w/v), 82.7 g/L glycerol were consumed in 168 h, yielding 31.2 g/L arabitol, with a conversion of 38% and volumetric productivity of 186 mg/mL/h. The process with immobilized cells was transferred to laboratory scale bioreactors with different configurations: stirred tank (STR), packed bed (PBR), fluidized bed (FBR), and airlift (ALR) bioreactors. The STR experienced oxygen limitation due to the need to maintain low stirring to preserve AB integrity and performed worse than flasks. Limitations in diffusion and mass transfer of oxygen and/or nutrients characterized also the PBR and the FBR and were partially relieved only in ALR, where 89.4 g/L glycerol were consumed in 168 h, yielding 38.1 g/L arabitol, with a conversion of 42% and volumetric productivity of 227 mg/mL/h. When the ALR was supplied with successive pulses of concentrated glycerol to replenish the glycerol as it was being consumed, 117 g/L arabitol were generated in 500 h, consuming a total of 285 g/L glycerol, with a 41% and 234 mg/L/h. The study strongly supports the potential of W. anomalus WC 1501 for efficient glycerol-to-arabitol conversion using immobilized cells. While the yeast shows promise by remaining viable and active for extended periods, further optimization is required, especially regarding mixing and oxygenation. Improving the stability of the immobilization process is also crucial for reusing pre-grown cells in multiple cycles, reducing dead times, biomass production costs, and enhancing the economic feasibility of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Sola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Fu R, Sun W, Liu B, Sun J, Wu Q, Liu X, Xiang M. Genome and transcriptome reveal lithophilic adaptation of Cladophialophora brunneola, a new rock-inhabiting fungus. Mycology 2024; 14:326-343. [PMID: 38187882 PMCID: PMC10769131 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2256764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Rock-inhabiting fungi (RIF) are slow-growing microorganisms that inhabit rocks and exhibit exceptional stress tolerance owing to their thick melanised cell walls. This study reports the identification of a novel rock-inhabiting fungus, Cladophialophora brunneola sp. nov. which was isolated from a karst landform in Guizhou, China, using a combination of morphological and phylogenetic analyses. The genome of C. brunneola was sequenced and assembled, with a total size of approximately 33.8 Mb, encoding 14,168 proteins and yielding an N50 length of 1.88 Mb. C. brunneola possessed a larger proportion of species-specific genes, and phylogenomic analysis positioned it in an early diverged lineage within Chaetothyriales. In comparison to non-RIF, C. brunneola displayed reduction in carbohydrate-active enzyme families (CAZymes) and secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Transcriptome analysis conducted under PEG-induced drought stress revealed elevated expression levels of genes associated with melanin synthesis pathways, cell wall biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism. This study contributes to our understanding of the genomic evolution and polyextremotolerance exhibited by rock-inhabiting fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingzhong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meichun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Boltyanskaya Y, Zhilina T, Grouzdev D, Detkova E, Pimenov N, Kevbrin V. Halanaerobium polyolivorans sp. nov.-A Novel Halophilic Alkalitolerant Bacterium Capable of Polyol Degradation: Physiological Properties and Genomic Insights. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2325. [PMID: 37764169 PMCID: PMC10536098 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A search for the microorganisms responsible for the anaerobic degradation of osmoprotectants in soda lakes resulted in the isolation of a novel halophilic and alkalitolerant strain, designated Z-7514T. The cells were Gram-stain-negative and non-endospore-forming rods. Optimal growth occurs at 1.6-2.1 M Na+, pH 8.0-8.5, and 31-35 °C. The strain utilized mainly sugars, low molecular polyols, and ethanolamine as well. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain Z-7514T was 33.3 mol%. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses revealed that strain Z-7514T belongs to the genus Halanaerobium. On the basis of phenotypic properties and the dDDH and ANI values with close validly published species, it was proposed to evolve strain Z-7514T within the genus Halanaerobium into novel species, for which the name Halanaerobium polyolivorans sp. nov. was proposed. The type strain was Z-7514T (=KCTC 25405T = VKM B-3577T). For species of the genus Halanaerobium, the utilization of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and ethanolamine were shown for the first time. The anaerobic degradation of glycols and ethanolamine by strain Z-7514T may represent a novel metabiotic pathway within the alkaliphilic microbial community. Based on a detailed genomic analysis, the main pathways of catabolism of most of the used substrates have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Boltyanskaya
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2, Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (E.D.); (N.P.)
| | - Tatjana Zhilina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2, Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (E.D.); (N.P.)
| | | | - Ekaterina Detkova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2, Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (E.D.); (N.P.)
| | - Nikolay Pimenov
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2, Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (E.D.); (N.P.)
| | - Vadim Kevbrin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2, Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (E.D.); (N.P.)
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5
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Ianutsevich EA, Danilova OA, Grum-Grzhimaylo OA, Tereshina VM. The Role of Osmolytes and Membrane Lipids in the Adaptation of Acidophilic Fungi. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1733. [PMID: 37512905 PMCID: PMC10383115 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acidophiles maintain near-neutral intracellular pH using proton pumps. We have suggested the protective role of osmolytes and membrane lipids in the adaptation to an acidic environment. Previously we have observed, for the first time, high levels of trehalose in acidophilic basidiomycete Sistotrema brinkmannii. Here, we have studied the composition of both osmolytes and membrane lipids of two more acidophilic fungi. Trehalose and polyols were among the main osmolytes during growth under optimal conditions (pH 4.0) in basidiomycete Phlebiopsis gigantea and ascomycete Mollisia sp. Phosphatidic acids, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, and sterols, were predominant membrane lipids in both fungi. P. gigantea had a narrow optimum of growth at pH 4.0, resulting in a sharp decline of growth rate at pH 2.6 and 5.0, accompanied by a decrease in the number of osmolytes and significant changes in the composition of membrane lipids. In contrast, Mollisia sp. had a broad optimal growth range (pH 3.0-5.0), and the number of osmolytes either stayed the same (at pH 6.0) or increased (at pH 2.6), while membrane lipids composition remained unchanged. Thus, the data obtained indicate the participation of osmolytes and membrane lipids in the adaptation of acidophilic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Ianutsevich
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A Danilova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A Grum-Grzhimaylo
- White Sea Biological Station, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vera M Tereshina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., 119071 Moscow, Russia
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Ianutsevich EA, Danilova OA, Antropova AB, Tereshina VM. Acquired thermotolerance, membrane lipids and osmolytes profiles of xerohalophilic fungus Aspergillus penicillioides under heat shock. Fungal Biol 2023; 127:909-917. [PMID: 36906381 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Xerophilic fungi accumulate a large amount of glycerol in the cytosol to counterbalance the external osmotic pressure. But during heat shock (HS) majority of fungi accumulate a thermoprotective osmolyte trehalose. Since glycerol and trehalose are synthesized in the cell from the same precursor (glucose), we hypothesised that, under heat shock conditions, xerophiles growing in media with high concentrations of glycerol may acquire greater thermotolerance than those grown in media with high concentrations of NaCl. Therefore, the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes of the fungus Aspergillus penicillioides, growing in 2 different media under HS conditions was studied and the acquired thermotolerance was assessed. It was found that in the salt-containing medium an increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids against a decrease in the proportion of phosphatidylethanolamines is observed in the composition of membrane lipids, and the level of glycerol in the cytosol decreases 6-fold, while in the medium with glycerol, changes in the composition of membrane lipids are insignificant and the level of glycerol is reduced by no more than 30%. In the mycelium trehalose level have increased in both media, but did not exceed 1% of dry weight. However, after exposure to HS the fungus acquires greater thermotolerance in the medium with glycerol than in the medium with salt. The data obtained indicate the interrelation between changes in the composition of osmolytes and membrane lipids in the adaptive response to HS, as well as the synergistic effect of glycerol and trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Ianutsevich
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave, 119071, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Olga A Danilova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave, 119071, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna B Antropova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera», 5А, Malyy Kazennyy Pereulok, 105064, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Vera M Tereshina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave, 119071, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Chien RC, Chen SY, Mishchuk DO, Slupsky CM. Hydrophilic Metabolite Composition of Fruiting Bodies and Mycelia of Edible Mushroom Species (Agaricomycetes). Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:27-40. [PMID: 37831510 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023050034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms have two components, the fruiting body, which encompasses the stalk and the cap, and the mycelium, which supports the fruiting body underground. The part of the mushroom most commonly consumed is the fruiting body. Given that it is more time consuming to harvest the fruiting body versus simply the mycelia, we were interested in understanding the difference in metabolite content between the fruiting bodies and mycelia of four widely consumed mushrooms in Taiwan: Agrocybe cylindracea (AC), Coprinus comatus (CC), Hericium erinaceus (HE), and Hypsizygus marmoreus (HM). In total, we identified 54 polar metabolites using 1H NMR spectroscopy that included sugar alcohols, amino acids, organic acids, nucleosides and purine/pyrimidine derivatives, sugars, and others. Generally, the fruiting bodies of AC, CC, and HM contained higher amounts of essential amino acids than their corresponding mycelia. Among fruiting bodies, HE had the lowest essential amino acid content. Trehalose was the predominant carbohydrate in most samples except for the mycelia of AC, in which the major sugar was glucose. The amount of adenosine, uridine, and xanthine in the samples was similar, and was higher in fruiting bodies compared with mycelia, except for HM. The organic acid and sugar alcohol content between fruiting bodies and mycelia did not tend to be different. Although each mushroom had a unique metabolic profile, the metabolic profile of fruiting bodies and mycelia were most similar for CC and HE, suggesting that the mycelia of CC and HE may be good replacements for their corresponding fruiting bodies. Additionally, each mushroom species had a unique polar metabolite fingerprint, which could be utilized to identify adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao-Chi Chien
- Bei Huang Biotechnology Ltd., Taoyuan City, 334001, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shin-Yu Chen
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Darya O Mishchuk
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis. Davis, California, 95616-5270, USA
| | - Carolyn M Slupsky
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis. Davis, California, 95616-5270, USA; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis. Davis, California, 95616-5270, USA
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Wang Y, Li Z, Jin W, Mao S. Isolation and Characterization of Ruminal Yeast Strain with Probiotic Potential and Its Effects on Growth Performance, Nutrients Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation and Microbiota of Hu Sheep. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8121260. [PMID: 36547593 PMCID: PMC9781649 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast strains are widely used in ruminant production. However, knowledge about the effects of rumen native yeasts on ruminants is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain a rumen native yeast isolate and investigate its effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbiota in Hu sheep. Yeasts were isolated by picking up colonies from agar plates, and identified by sequencing the ITS sequences. One isolate belonging to Pichia kudriavzevii had the highest optical density among these isolates obtained. This isolate was prepared to perform an animal feeding trial. A randomized block design was used for the animal trial. Sixteen Hu sheep were randomly assigned to the control (CON, fed basal diet, n = 8) and treatment group (LPK, fed basal diet plus P. kudriavzevii, CFU = 8 × 109 head/d, n = 8). Sheep were housed individually and treated for 4 weeks. Compared to CON, LPK increased final body weight, nutrient digestibility and rumen acetate concentration and acetate-to-propionate ratio in sheep. The results of Illumina MiSeq PE 300 sequencing showed that LPK increased the relative abundance of lipolytic bacteria (Anaerovibrio spp. and Pseudomonas spp.) and probiotic bacteria (Faecalibacterium spp. and Bifidobacterium spp.). For rumen eukaryotes, LPK increased the genera associated with fiber degradation, including protozoan Polyplastron and fungus Pichia. Our results discovered that rumen native yeast isolate P. kudriavzevii might promote the digestion of fibers and lipids by modulating specific microbial populations with enhancing acetate-type fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Diamantopoulou P, Papanikolaou S. Biotechnological production of sugar-alcohols: focus on Yarrowia lipolytica and edible/medicinal mushrooms. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Wang J, Wang T, Li Y, Fan Z, Lv Z, Liu L, Li X, Li B. Comparative genomic analysis of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei SMN-LBK from koumiss. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1042117. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1042117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei SMN-LBK, which was isolated in Xinjiang, has been shown to be a probiotic strain and used as the auxiliary starter for dairy fermentation. Comparative genomic analysis was performed to investigate the metabolic preference and ethanol tolerance mechanisms of L. paracasei SMN-LBK. The results of comparative genomics showed that L. paracasei strains had high conservation and genetic diversity. SMN-LBK encoded various genes related to carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism pathways, which endow this strain with good fermentation potential. In addition, 6 CRISPR sequences and 8 cas proteins were found in SMN-LBK, and these could play vital roles in the immune system. Furthermore, a unique cluster of potential secondary metabolism genes related to bacteriocins was detected in the genome of SMN-LBK, and this could be important for the preservation of fermented foods. Multiple genes related to alcohol tolerance were also identified. In conclusion, our study explained the traits that were previously demonstrated for SMN-LBK as phenotypes and provided a theoretical basis for the application of SMN-LBK in the food industry.
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Yakimovich KM, Quarmby LM. A metagenomic study of the bacteria in snow algae microbiomes. Can J Microbiol 2022; 68:507-520. [PMID: 35512372 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial communities found in snow algae blooms have been described in terms of their 16S rRNA gene community profiles, but little information exists on their metabolic potential. Previously, we reported that several bacterial taxa are common across snow algae blooms in the southwestern mountains of the Coast Range in British Columbia, Canada. Here, we further this work by reporting a partial bacterial metagenome from the same snow algal microbiomes. Using shotgun metagenomic data, we constructed metagenomically assembled bacterial genomes (MAGs). Of the total 54 binned MAGs, 28 were bacterial and estimated to be at least 50% complete based on single copy core genes. The 28 MAGs fell into five Classes: Actinomycetia, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. All MAGs were assigned to a class, 27 to an order, 25 to family, 18 to genus, and none to species. MAGs showed the potential to support algal growth by synthesizing B-vitamins and growth hormones. There was also widespread adaptation to the low oxygen environment of biofilms, including synthesis of high-affinity terminal oxidases and anaerobic pathways for cobalamin synthesis. Also notable, was the absence of N2 fixation, and the presence of incomplete denitrification pathways suggestive of NO signalling within the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Michael Yakimovich
- Simon Fraser University, 1763, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada;
| | - Lynne M Quarmby
- Simon Fraser University, 1763, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, Canada;
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12
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Jones EBG, Ramakrishna S, Vikineswary S, Das D, Bahkali AH, Guo SY, Pang KL. How Do Fungi Survive in the Sea and Respond to Climate Change? J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030291. [PMID: 35330293 PMCID: PMC8949214 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With the over 2000 marine fungi and fungal-like organisms documented so far, some have adapted fully to life in the sea, while some have the ability to tolerate environmental conditions in the marine milieu. These organisms have evolved various mechanisms for growth in the marine environment, especially against salinity gradients. This review highlights the response of marine fungi, fungal-like organisms and terrestrial fungi (for comparison) towards salinity variations in terms of their growth, spore germination, sporulation, physiology, and genetic adaptability. Marine, freshwater and terrestrial fungi and fungal-like organisms vary greatly in their response to salinity. Generally, terrestrial and freshwater fungi grow, germinate and sporulate better at lower salinities, while marine fungi do so over a wide range of salinities. Zoosporic fungal-like organisms are more sensitive to salinity than true fungi, especially Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Labyrinthulomycota and marine Oomycota are more salinity tolerant than saprolegniaceous organisms in terms of growth and reproduction. Wide adaptability to saline conditions in marine or marine-related habitats requires mechanisms for maintaining accumulation of ions in the vacuoles, the exclusion of high levels of sodium chloride, the maintenance of turgor in the mycelium, optimal growth at alkaline pH, a broad temperature growth range from polar to tropical waters, and growth at depths and often under anoxic conditions, and these properties may allow marine fungi to positively respond to the challenges that climate change will bring. Other related topics will also be discussed in this article, such as the effect of salinity on secondary metabolite production by marine fungi, their evolution in the sea, and marine endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. B. Gareth Jones
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (E.B.G.J.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Sundari Ramakrishna
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.R.); (S.V.); (D.D.)
| | - Sabaratnam Vikineswary
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.R.); (S.V.); (D.D.)
| | - Diptosh Das
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (S.R.); (S.V.); (D.D.)
| | - Ali H. Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (E.B.G.J.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Sheng-Yu Guo
- Institute of Marine Biology and Centre of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202301, Taiwan;
| | - Ka-Lai Pang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Centre of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Keelung 202301, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Chen S, Fan L, Song J, Zhang H, Doucette C, Hughes T, Campbell L. Quantitative proteomic analysis of Neosartorya pseudofischeri ascospores subjected to heat treatment. J Proteomics 2022; 252:104446. [PMID: 34883268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neosartorya pseudofischeri, a heat- resistant fungus, was isolated from contaminated blueberry juice in our laboratory. To obtain a better understanding of the cellular process of heat- resistant fungus, a quantitative proteomic investigation employing stable isotope labeling by peptide demethylation was conducted on changes in intracellular proteins of N. pseudofischeri ascospores subjected to heat treatment at 93 °C for 0, 1 or 8 min. In total, 811 proteins were identified and quantified. Using the normalized ratio of protein abundance, proteins that changed more than two- fold after heat treatment were identified as significantly increased or decreased proteins and grouped into four clusters based on their quantitative changes. Decreased proteins were found mainly involved in the central carbon metabolism, heat stress responses, reactive oxygen intermediates elimination and translation events. A group of proteins in relation to toxicant degradation and antibiotic neutralization linking to environmental adaptability and tolerance of heat- resistant, was also identified. These findings provide insights into protein changes of N. pseudofischeri ascospores and lay foundations for further investigations on heat- resistant molds using targeted quantitative approaches. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH: Heat- resistant fungi can survive pasteurization processes, and subsequently germinate and grow to cause spoilage of food products, leading to significant economic losses for the food industry and potential health risk for the consumers. To obtain a better understanding of the cellular process of heat- resistant fungi, a quantitative proteomic approach employing stable isotope labeling by peptide demethylation has been used to investigate the intracellular protein changes of N. pseudofischeri ascospores isolated from blueberry juice and subjected to heat treatment. 150 significantly changed proteins were grouped into four clusters based on their quantitative changes. The significant decrease in protein abundance in response to heat treatment revealed possible mechanism that N. pseudofischeri ascospores could survive the heat treatment. This is the first proteomic profile report for N. pseudofischeri. These findings provide insights into protein changes of N. pseudofischeri and lay foundations for further investigations on heat- resistant fungi using targeted quantitative approaches to evaluate the efficiency of thermal treatment for processed food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of aquatic product processing and quality safety, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua Fan
- Kentville Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 32 Main Street, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada.
| | - Jun Song
- Kentville Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 32 Main Street, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Craig Doucette
- Kentville Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 32 Main Street, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada
| | - Timothy Hughes
- Kentville Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 32 Main Street, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada
| | - Leslie Campbell
- Kentville Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 32 Main Street, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada
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14
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Erian AM, Sauer M. Utilizing yeasts for the conversion of renewable feedstocks to sugar alcohols - a review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126296. [PMID: 34798255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sugar alcohols are widely marketed compounds. They are useful building block chemicals and of particular value as low- or non-calorigenic sweeteners, serving as sugar substitutes in the food industry. To date most sugar alcohols are produced by chemical routes using pure sugars, but a transition towards the use of renewable, non-edible feedstocks is anticipated. Several yeasts are naturally able to convert renewable feedstocks, such as lignocellulosic substrates, glycerol and molasses, into sugar alcohols. These bioconversions often face difficulties to obtain sufficiently high yields and productivities necessary for industrialization. This review provides insight into the most recent studies on utilizing yeasts for the conversion of renewable feedstocks to diverse sugar alcohols, including xylitol, erythritol, mannitol and arabitol. Moreover, metabolic approaches are highlighted that specifically target shortcomings of sugar alcohol production by yeasts from these renewable substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Erian
- CD-Laboratory for Biotechnology of Glycerol, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Sauer
- CD-Laboratory for Biotechnology of Glycerol, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Ianutsevich EA, Danilova OA, Bondarenko SA, Tereshina VM. Membrane lipid and osmolyte readjustment in the alkaliphilic micromycete Sodiomyces tronii under cold, heat and osmotic shocks. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2021; 167. [PMID: 34816793 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we showed for the first time that alkaliphilic fungi, in contrast to alkalitolerant fungi, accumulated trehalose under extremely alkaline conditions, and we have proposed its key role in alkaliphilia. We propose that high levels of trehalose in the mycelium of alkaliphiles may promote adaptation not only to alkaline conditions, but also to other stressors. Therefore, we studied changes in the composition of osmolytes, and storage and membrane lipids under the action of cold (CS), heat (HS) and osmotic (OS) shocks in the obligate alkaliphilic micromycete Sodiomyces tronii. During adaptation to CS, an increase in the degree of unsaturation of phospholipids was observed while the composition of osmolytes, membrane and storage lipids remained the same. Under HS conditions, a twofold increase in the level of trehalose and an increase in the proportion of phosphatidylethanolamines were observed against the background of a decrease in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. OS was accompanied by a decrease in the amount of membrane lipids, while their ratio remained unchanged, and an increase in the level of polyols (arabitol and mannitol) in the fungal mycelium, which suggests their role for adaptation to OS. Thus, the observed consistency of the composition of membrane lipids suggests that trehalose can participate in adaptation not only to extremely alkaline conditions, but also to other stressors - HS, CS and OS. Taken together, the data obtained indicate the adaptability of the fungus to the action of various stressors, which can point to polyextremotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Ianutsevich
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Olga A Danilova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Sofiya A Bondarenko
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Russia
| | - Vera M Tereshina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia
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16
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Nieva AS, Romero FM, Erban A, Carrasco P, Ruiz OA, Kopka J. Metabolic Profiling and Metabolite Correlation Network Analysis Reveal That Fusarium solani Induces Differential Metabolic Responses in Lotus japonicus and Lotus tenuis against Severe Phosphate Starvation. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:765. [PMID: 34575803 PMCID: PMC8468338 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Root fungal endophytes are essential mediators of plant nutrition under mild stress conditions. However, variations in the rhizosphere environment, such as nutrient depletion, could result in a stressful situation for both partners, shifting mutualistic to nonconvenient interactions. Mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes (DSEs) have demonstrated their ability to facilitate phosphate (Pi) acquisition. However, few studies have investigated other plant-fungal interactions that take place in the root environment with regard to phosphate nutrition. In the present research work, we aimed to analyze the effect of extreme Pi starvation and the fungal endophyte Fusarium solani on the model Lotus japonicus and the crop L. tenuis. We conducted metabolomics analysis based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) on plant tissues under optimal conditions, severe Pi starvation and F.solani presence. By combining statistical and correlation network analysis strategies, we demonstrated the differential outcomes of the two plant species against the combination of treatments. The combination of nutritional stress and Fusarium presence activated significant modifications in the metabolism of L. japonicus affecting the levels of sugars, polyols and some amino acids. Our results display potential markers for further inspection of the factors related to plant nutrition and plant-fungal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Susana Nieva
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.E.); (J.K.)
- Postdoctoral Fellow—Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD), Kennedyallee 50, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Fernando Matías Romero
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martin (UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino Km 8.2, Chascomús 7130, Argentina; (F.M.R.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Alexander Erban
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.E.); (J.K.)
| | - Pedro Carrasco
- Institut de Biotecnològia i Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Av. Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;
| | - Oscar Adolfo Ruiz
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martin (UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino Km 8.2, Chascomús 7130, Argentina; (F.M.R.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.E.); (J.K.)
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17
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Bioprospecting for Biomolecules from Different Fungal Communities: An Introduction. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85603-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Danilova OA, Ianutsevich EA, Bondarenko SA, Georgieva ML, Vikchizhanina DA, Groza NV, Bilanenko EN, Tereshina VM. Osmolytes and membrane lipids in the adaptation of micromycete Emericellopsis alkalina to ambient pH and sodium chloride. Fungal Biol 2020; 124:884-891. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Saha SK, Chakraborty R. Effect of deep eutectic solvent’s characteristics on extraction and bioactivity of polyphenols from Sapodilla pulp. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Ianutsevich EA, Danilova OA, Tereshina VM. Combinatorial Action of Different Stress Factors on the Composition of Membrane Lipids and Osmolytes of Aspergillus niger. Microbiology (Reading) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261720040153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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21
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Ianutsevich EA, Danilova OA, Kurilov DV, Zavarzin IV, Tereshina VM. Osmolytes and membrane lipids in adaptive response of thermophilic fungus Rhizomucor miehei to cold, osmotic and oxidative shocks. Extremophiles 2020; 24:391-401. [PMID: 32144516 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-020-01163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to mesophiles, in which levels of trehalose and phosphatidic acids (PA) increased only under heat shock (HS), in thermophiles trehalose and PA were predominant under optimal growth conditions. To study the role of trehalose protection in the adaptation of thermophiles to various stressors, the composition of osmolytes and membrane lipids in the thermophilic fungus Rhizomucor miehei was studied under cold (CS), osmotic (OS) and oxidative (OxS) shocks. CS resulted in no accumulation of glycerol in the mycelium, while the amount of trehalose decreased. The main lipid changes were the increase in the PA proportion with simultaneous decrease of sterols (St), the increase of the unsaturation degree of polar lipids and the decrease of the ergosterol proportion in total St. OS did not cause changes in the lipid composition, but led to the decrease of ergosterol proportion too. Despite the low ability of Mucorales to produce polyols, increase in the level of arabitol and glycerol was observed under OS. OxS led to the decrease of trehalose level and had no effect on the lipid composition. Thus, our results show the similarity (OS) and the difference (CS and OxS) between adaptation mechanisms of thermophiles and mesophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Ianutsevich
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Olga A Danilova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii V Kurilov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 47, Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Zavarzin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 47, Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vera M Tereshina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation.
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22
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Weinstein RN, Montiel PO, Johnstone K. Influence of growth temperature on lipid and soluble carbohydrate synthesis by fungi isolated from fellfield soil in the maritime Antarctic. Mycologia 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2000.12061148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard N. Weinstein
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA England
| | - Pedro O. Montiel
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET England
| | - Keith Johnstone
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA England
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23
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Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. Extremophiles 2019; 23:487-494. [PMID: 31076918 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01100-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Alkaliphilic fungi are fundamentally different from alkalitolerant ones in terms of mechanisms of adaptation. They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. But it is unclear how the composition of osmolytes and lipids changes during cytodifferentiation. In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. In the mycelium, mannitol and trehalose dominated, while in fruit bodies only trehalose was predominant. Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. In young mycelium, storage lipids were represented mainly by free fatty acids, and in mature mycelium and fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols. Fruit bodies contained three times less membrane lipids and twice as many storage lipids as mycelium. Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily.
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24
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Ianutsevich EA, Tereshina VM. Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2019; 165:554-562. [PMID: 30932807 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Ianutsevich
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera M Tereshina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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25
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Xu YF, Lu W, Chen JC, Johnson SA, Gibney PA, Thomas DG, Brown G, May AL, Campagna SR, Yakunin AF, Botstein D, Rabinowitz JD. Discovery and Functional Characterization of a Yeast Sugar Alcohol Phosphatase. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:3011-3020. [PMID: 30240188 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Sugar alcohols (polyols) exist widely in nature. While some specific sugar alcohol phosphatases are known, there is no known phosphatase for some important sugar alcohols (e.g., sorbitol-6-phosphate). Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, we screened yeast strains with putative phosphatases of unknown function deleted. We show that the yeast gene YNL010W, which has close homologues in all fungi species and some plants, encodes a sugar alcohol phosphatase. We term this enzyme, which hydrolyzes sorbitol-6-phosphate, ribitol-5-phosphate, and (d)-glycerol-3-phosphate, polyol phosphatase 1 or PYP1. Polyol phosphates are structural analogs of the enediol intermediate of phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi). We find that sorbitol-6-phosphate and ribitol-5-phosphate inhibit Pgi and that Pyp1 activity is important for yeast to maintain Pgi activity in the presence of environmental sugar alcohols. Pyp1 expression is strongly positively correlated with yeast growth rate, presumably because faster growth requires greater glycolytic and accordingly Pgi flux. Thus, yeast express the previously uncharacterized enzyme Pyp1 to prevent inhibition of glycolysis by sugar alcohol phosphates. Pyp1 may be useful for engineering sugar alcohol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Xu
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Wenyun Lu
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jonathan C. Chen
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Sarah A. Johnson
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Patrick A. Gibney
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - David G. Thomas
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Greg Brown
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Amanda L. May
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Shawn R. Campagna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexander F. Yakunin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - David Botstein
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Joshua D. Rabinowitz
- Lewis Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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26
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Kulkarni RK, Nielsen BD. Nutritional Requirements for Growth of a Fungus Endophyte of Tall Fescue Grass. Mycologia 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.1986.12025322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv K. Kulkarni
- Microbiology Division, NPI, University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Barbara D. Nielsen
- Microbiology Division, NPI, University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
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27
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Chaliha C, Rugen MD, Field RA, Kalita E. Glycans as Modulators of Plant Defense Against Filamentous Pathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:928. [PMID: 30022987 PMCID: PMC6039678 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants and microbes utilize glycoconjugates as structural entities, energy reserves for cellular processes, and components of cellular recognition or binding events. The structural heterogeneity of carbohydrates in such systems is a result of the ability of the carbohydrate biosynthetic enzymes to reorient sugar monomers in a variety of forms, generating highly complex, linear, branched, or hierarchical structures. During the interaction between plants and their microbial pathogens, the microbial cell surface glycans, cell wall derived glycans, and glycoproteins stimulate the signaling cascades of plant immune responses, through a series of specific or broad spectrum recognition events. The microbial glycan-induced plant immune responses and the downstream modifications observed in host-plant glycan structures that combat the microbial attack have garnered immense interest among scientists in recent times. This has been enabled by technological advancements in the field of glycobiology, making it possible to study the ongoing co-evolution of the microbial and the corresponding host glycan structures, in greater detail. The new glycan analogs emerging in this evolutionary arms race brings about a fresh perspective to our understanding of plant-pathogen interactions. This review discusses the role of diverse classes of glycans and their derivatives including simple sugars, oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in relation to the activation of classical Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI) and Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI) defense responses in plants. While primarily encompassing the biological roles of glycans in modulating plant defense responses, this review categorizes glycans based on their structure, thereby enabling parallels to be drawn to other areas of glycobiology. Further, we examine how these molecules are currently being used to develop new bio-active molecules, potent as priming agents to stimulate plant defense response and as templates for designing environmentally friendly foliar sprays for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanika Chaliha
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India
| | - Michael D. Rugen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A. Field
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Eeshan Kalita
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
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28
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Duan R, Li H, Li H, Tang L, Zhou H, Yang X, Yang Y, Ding Z. Enhancing the Production of D-Mannitol by an Artificial Mutant of Penicillium sp. T2-M10. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:990-998. [PMID: 29802564 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
D-Mannitol belongs to a linear polyol with six-carbon and has indispensable usage in medicine and industry. In order to obtain more efficient D-mannitol producer, this study has screened out a stable mutant Penicillium sp. T2-M10 that was isolated from the initial D-mannitol-produced strain Penicillium sp.T2-8 via UV irradiation as well as nitrosoguanidine (NTG) induction. The mutant had a considerable enhancement in yield of D-mannitol based on optimizing fermentation. The production condition was optimized as the PDB medium with 24 g/L glucose for 9 days. The results showed that the production of D-mannitol from the mutant strain T2-M10 increased 125% in contrast with the parental strain. Meanwhile, the fact that D-mannitol is the main product in the mutant simplified the process of purification. Our finding revealed the potential value of the mutant strain Penicillium sp. T2-M10 to be a D-mannitol-producing strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongting Duan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Linhuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueqiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yabin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongtao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation, Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
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Nutritional Requirements and Their Importance for Virulence of Pathogenic Cryptococcus Species. Microorganisms 2017; 5:microorganisms5040065. [PMID: 28974017 PMCID: PMC5748574 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms5040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus sp. are basidiomycete yeasts which can be found widely, free-living in the environment. Interactions with natural predators, such as amoebae in the soil, are thought to have promoted the development of adaptations enabling the organism to survive inside human macrophages. Infection with Cryptococcus in humans occurs following inhalation of desiccated yeast cells or spore particles and may result in fatal meningoencephalitis. Human disease is caused almost exclusively by the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex, which predominantly infects immunocompromised patients, and the Cryptococcus gattii species complex, which is capable of infecting immunocompetent individuals. The nutritional requirements of Cryptococcus are critical for its virulence in animals. Cryptococcus has evolved a broad range of nutrient acquisition strategies, many if not most of which also appear to contribute to its virulence, enabling infection of animal hosts. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of nutritional requirements and acquisition in Cryptococcus and offer perspectives to its evolution as a significant pathogen of humans.
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Bondarenko SA, Ianutsevich EA, Danilova OA, Grum-Grzhimaylo AA, Kotlova ER, Kamzolkina OV, Bilanenko EN, Tereshina VM. Membrane lipids and soluble sugars dynamics of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces tronii in response to ambient pH. Extremophiles 2017; 21:743-754. [PMID: 28478604 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-017-0940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alkaliphily, the ability of an organism to thrive optimally at high ambient pH, has been well-documented in several lineages: archaea, bacteria and fungi. The molecular mechanics of such adaptation has been extensively addressed in alkaliphilic bacteria and alkalitolerant fungi. In this study, we consider an additional property that may have enabled fungi to prosper at alkaline pH: altered contents of membrane lipids and cytoprotectant molecules. In the alkaliphilic Sodiomyces tronii, we showed that at its optimal growth pH 9.2, the fungus accumulates abundant cytosolic trehalose (4-10% dry weight) and phosphatidic acids in the membrane lipids, properties not normally observed in neutrophilic species. At a very high pH 10.2, the major carbohydrate, glucose, was rapidly substituted by mannitol and arabitol. Conversely, lowering the pH to 5.4-7.0 had major implications both on the content of carbohydrates and membrane lipids. It was shown that trehalose dominated at pH 5.4. Fractions of sphingolipids and sterols of plasma membranes rapidly elevated possibly indicating the formation of membrane structures called rafts. Overall, our results reveals complex dynamics of the contents of membrane lipids and cytoplasmic sugars in alkaliphilic S. tronii, suggesting their adaptive functionality against pH stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya A Bondarenko
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena A Ianutsevich
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Olga A Danilova
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A Grum-Grzhimaylo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina R Kotlova
- Komarov Botanical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Olga V Kamzolkina
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena N Bilanenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vera M Tereshina
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation.
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Qin T, Song P, Wang X, Ji X, Ren L, Huang H. Protoplast mutant selection of Glarea Lozoyensis and statistical optimization of medium for pneumocandin B 0 yield-up. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:2241-2246. [PMID: 30919750 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1196575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A combination of microbial strain improvement and statistical optimization is investigated to maximize pneumocandin B0 production from Glarea lozoyensis ATCC 74030. Atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) was used to enhance G. lozoyensis ATCC 74030 in pneumocandin B0 yield. Mutant strain G. lozoyensis Q1 exhibited 1.39-fold increase in pneumocandin B0 production to 1134 mg/L when compared with the parent strain (810 mg/L). Further, the optimized medium provided another 1.65-fold in final pneumocandin B0 concentration to 1873 mg/L compared to the original medium. The results of this study indicated the combined application of a classical mutation and medium optimization can improve effectively pneumocandin B0 production from G. lozoyensis and could be a tool to improve other secondary metabolites production by fungal strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qin
- a College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , China
| | - Ping Song
- a College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , China.,c Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- a College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , China
| | - Lujing Ren
- a College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , China
| | - He Huang
- b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , China.,d State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing , China
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Zahid N, Deppenmeier U. Role of mannitol dehydrogenases in osmoprotection of Gluconobacter oxydans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:9967-9978. [PMID: 27338577 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Gluconobacter (G.) oxydans is able to incompletely oxidize various sugars and polyols for the production of biotechnologically important compound. Recently, we have shown that the organism produces and accumulates mannitol as compatible solute under osmotic stress conditions. The present study describes the role of two cytoplasmic mannitol dehydrogenases for osmotolerance of G. oxydans. It was shown that Gox1432 is a NADP+-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.138), while Gox0849 uses NAD+ as cofactor (EC 1.1.1.67). The corresponding genes were deleted and the mutants were analyzed for growth under osmotic stress and non-stress conditions. A severe growth defect was detected for Δgox1432 when grown in high osmotic media, while the deletion of gox0849 had no effect when cells were exposed to 450 mM sucrose in the medium. Furthermore, the intracellular mannitol content was reduced in the mutant lacking the NADP+-dependent enzyme Gox1432 in comparison to the parental strain and the Δgox0849 mutant under stress conditions. In addition, transcriptional analysis revealed that Gox1432 is more important for mannitol production in G. oxydans than Gox0849 as the transcript abundance of gene gox1432 was 30-fold higher than of gox0849. In accordance, the activity of the NADH-dependent enzyme Gox0849 in the cell cytoplasm was 10-fold lower in comparison to the NADPH-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase Gox1432. Overexpression of gox1432 in the corresponding deletion mutant restored growth of the cells under osmotic stress, further strengthening the importance of the NADP+-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase for osmotolerance in G. oxydans. These findings provide detailed insights into the molecular mechanism of mannitol-mediated osmoprotection in G. oxydans and are helpful engineering strains with improved osmotolerance for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageena Zahid
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Deppenmeier
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Ianutsevich EA, Danilova OA, Groza NV, Tereshina VM. Membrane lipids and cytosol carbohydrates in Aspergillus niger under osmotic, oxidative, and cold impact. Microbiology (Reading) 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261716030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Enhancement of Echinocandin B Production by a UV- and Microwave-Induced Mutant of Aspergillus nidulans with Precursor- and Biotin-Supplying Strategy. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:1213-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Meena M, Prasad V, Zehra A, Gupta VK, Upadhyay RS. Mannitol metabolism during pathogenic fungal-host interactions under stressed conditions. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1019. [PMID: 26441941 PMCID: PMC4585237 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous plants and fungi produce mannitol, which may serve as an osmolyte or metabolic store; furthermore, mannitol also acts as a powerful quencher of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Some phytopathogenic fungi use mannitol to stifle ROS-mediated plant resistance. Mannitol is essential in pathogenesis to balance cell reinforcements produced by both plants and animals. Mannitol likewise serves as a source of reducing power, managing coenzymes, and controlling cytoplasmic pH by going about as a sink or hotspot for protons. The metabolic pathways for mannitol biosynthesis and catabolism have been characterized in filamentous fungi by direct diminishment of fructose-6-phosphate into mannitol-1-phosphate including a mannitol-1-phosphate phosphatase catalyst. In plants mannitol is integrated from mannose-6-phosphate to mannitol-1-phosphate, which then dephosphorylates to mannitol. The enzyme mannitol dehydrogenase plays a key role in host–pathogen interactions and must be co-localized with pathogen-secreted mannitol to resist the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Meena
- Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
| | - Vishal Prasad
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
| | - Andleeb Zehra
- Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Molecular Glycobiotechnology Group, Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway Galway, Ireland
| | - Ram S Upadhyay
- Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
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Chien RC, Yen MT, Tseng YH, Mau JL. Chemical characteristics and anti-proliferation activities of Ganoderma tsugae polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 128:90-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Wang X, Ruan Z, Guan W, Kraemer R, Zhong Y, Liu Y. Evaluation of fungal lactic acid accumulation using glycerol as the sole carbon source. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Zahid N, Schweiger P, Galinski E, Deppenmeier U. Identification of mannitol as compatible solute in Gluconobacter oxydans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:5511-21. [PMID: 25977208 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans is an industrially important bacterium owing to its regio- and enantio-selective incomplete oxidation of various sugars, alcohols, and polyols. The complete genome sequence is available, but it is still unknown how the organism adapts to highly osmotic sugar-rich environments. Therefore, the mechanisms of osmoprotection in G. oxydans were investigated. The accumulation and transport of solutes are hallmarks of osmoadaptation. To identify potential osmoprotectants, G. oxydans was grown on a yeast glucose medium in the presence of 100 mM potassium phosphate (pH 7.0) along with various concentrations of sucrose (0-600 mM final concentration), which was not metabolized. Intracellular metabolites were analyzed by HPLC and (13)C NMR spectroscopy under stress conditions. Both of these analytical techniques highlighted the accumulation of mannitol as a potent osmoprotectant inside the stressed cells. This intracellular mannitol accumulation correlated with increased extracellular osmolarity of the medium. For further confirmation, the growth behavior of G. oxydans was analyzed in the presence of small amounts of mannitol (2.5-10 mM) and 300 mM sucrose. Growth under sucrose-induced osmotic stress conditions was almost identical to control growth when exogenous mannitol was added in low amounts. Thus, mannitol alleviates the osmotic stress of sucrose on cellular growth. Moreover, the positive effect of exogenous mannitol on the rate of glucose consumption and gluconate formation was also monitored. These results may be helpful to optimize the processes of industrial product formation in highly concentrated sugar solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageena Zahid
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Sand M, Rodrigues M, González JM, de Crécy-Lagard V, Santos H, Müller V, Averhoff B. Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenases/phosphatases: a family of novel bifunctional enzymes for bacterial adaptation to osmotic stress. Environ Microbiol 2014; 17:711-9. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sand
- Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics; Institute of Molecular Biosciences; Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Marta Rodrigues
- Cell Physiology and NMR Lab; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Oeiras Portugal
| | - José M. González
- Department of Microbiology; University of La Laguna; La Laguna Tenerife Spain
| | | | - Helena Santos
- Cell Physiology and NMR Lab; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Oeiras Portugal
| | - Volker Müller
- Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics; Institute of Molecular Biosciences; Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Beate Averhoff
- Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics; Institute of Molecular Biosciences; Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main; Frankfurt Germany
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Lakshman Kumar Y, Venkata Nadh R, Radhakrishnamurti PS. Substrate inhibition: Oxidation of D-sorbitol and D-mannitol by potassium periodate in alkaline medium. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s003602441405015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wyatt TT, van Leeuwen MR, Wösten HAB, Dijksterhuis J. Mannitol is essential for the development of stress-resistant ascospores in Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri). Fungal Genet Biol 2014; 64:11-24. [PMID: 24412483 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The polyol mannitol is one of the main compatible solutes in Neosartorya fischeri and accumulates in conidia and ascospores. Here, it is shown that biosynthesis of mannitol in N. fischeri mainly depends on mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase (MpdA). Reporter studies and qPCR analysis demonstrated that mpdA is moderately expressed in vegetative hyphae and conidiophores, while it is highly expressed during development of ascospores. Deletion of mpdA reduced mannitol in whole cultures as much as 85% of the wild type, while trehalose levels had increased more than 4-fold. Decreased mannitol accumulation had no effect on mycelial growth irrespective of heat- or oxidative stress. Notably, conidia of the ΔmpdA strain had higher mannitol and lower trehalose levels. They were more sensitive to heat stress. The most distinct phenotype of mpdA deletion was the absence of full development of ascospores. Formation of cleistothecia, and asci was not affected. The ascus cell wall, however, did not dissolve and asci contained incompletely formed or aborted ascospores. Addition of the Mpd inhibitor nitrophenide to the wild type strain also resulted in disturbed ascospore formation. Taken together, these results show that mannitol has a role in sexual development of N. fischeri and in stress resistance of conidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Wyatt
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - M R van Leeuwen
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - H A B Wösten
- Utrecht University, Microbiology, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - J Dijksterhuis
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Qu L, Ren LJ, Li J, Sun GN, Sun LN, Ji XJ, Nie ZK, Huang H. Biomass composition, lipid characterization, and metabolic profile analysis of the fed-batch fermentation process of two different docosahexanoic acid producing Schizochytrium sp. strains. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:1865-76. [PMID: 24061873 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Growth and fermentation characteristics, biomass composition, lipid characterization and metabolic profiling analysis of two different Schizochytrium sp. strains, the original strain and the industrial adaptive strain, were investigated in the fed-batch fermentation process. The final cell biomass, total lipids content, docosahexanoic acid (DHA) content and DHA productivity of the adaptive strain were much higher than those of the original strain. The metabolic distinctions which extensively existed between these two strains were revealed by the score plot of principal component analysis. In addition, potential biomarkers responsible for discriminating different strains were identified as myo-inositol, histidine, alanine, asparagine, cysteine, and oxalic acid. These findings provided new insights into the industrial strain screening and further improvement of DHA production by Schizochytrium sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
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Malapi-Wight M, Smith J, Campbell J, Bluhm BH, Shim WB. Sda1, a Cys2-His2 zinc finger transcription factor, is involved in polyol metabolism and fumonisin B1 production in Fusarium verticillioides. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67656. [PMID: 23844049 PMCID: PMC3700993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous ascomycete Fusarium verticillioides causes ear rot and stalk rot of maize, both of which reduce grain quality and yield. Additionally, F. verticillioides produces the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1) during infection of maize kernels, and thus potentially compromises human and animal health. The current knowledge is fragmentary regarding the regulation of FB1 biosynthesis, particularly when considering interplay with environmental factors such as nutrient availability. In this study, SDA1 of F. verticillioides, predicted to encode a Cys-2 His-2 zinc finger transcription factor, was shown to play a key role in catabolizing select carbon sources. Growth of the SDA1 knock-out mutant (Δsda1) was completely inhibited when sorbitol was the sole carbon source and was severely impaired when exclusively provided mannitol or glycerol. Deletion of SDA1 unexpectedly increased FB1 biosynthesis, but reduced arabitol and mannitol biosynthesis, as compared to the wild-type progenitor. Trichoderma reesei ACE1, a regulator of cellulase and xylanase expression, complemented the F. verticillioides Δsda1 mutant, which indicates that Ace1 and Sda1 are functional orthologs. Taken together, the data indicate that Sda1 is a transcriptional regulator of carbon metabolism and toxin production in F. verticillioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Malapi-Wight
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jonathon Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Jacquelyn Campbell
- Bioenvironmental Sciences Program, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Burton H. Bluhm
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Won-Bo Shim
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Bioenvironmental Sciences Program, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
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Sand M, Mingote AI, Santos H, Müller V, Averhoff B. Mannitol, a compatible solute synthesized by Acinetobacter baylyi in a two-step pathway including a salt-induced and salt-dependent mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase. Environ Microbiol 2013; 15:2187-97. [PMID: 23414076 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The nutritionally versatile and naturally competent soil bacterium Acinetobacter baylyi copes with salt stress by the accumulation of compatible solutes. NMR analyses revealed that cells amassed glutamate and the rather unusual sugar alcohol mannitol upon an increase of the external NaCl concentration. To unravel the path of mannitol biosynthesis, the genome was inspected for genes potentially involved in its biosynthesis. A gene encoding a potential mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (mtlD) was identified in the genome of A. baylyi. Expression of mtlD was highly induced at high salinity. mtlD was overexpressed and the purified protein indeed produced mannitol-1-phosphate from fructose-6-phosphate. The enzyme preferred NADPH over NADH and the specific activity of fructose-6-phosphate reduction with NADPH was 130 U mg(-1) . Enzymatic activity was strictly salt-dependent. Deletion of mtlD resulted in a complete loss of salt-dependent mannitol biosynthesis. We provide clear evidence that osmo-induced synthesis of the compatible solute mannitol is by a two-step pathway and that the mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase mediating the first step of this pathway is regulated by salinity on the transcriptional as well as on the activity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sand
- Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Biotechnological production of ethanol from renewable resources by Neurospora crassa: an alternative to conventional yeast fermentations? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:1457-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Fontes CP, Santiago Silveira M, Guilherme AA, Fernandes FA, Rodrigues S. Substitution of yeast extract by ammonium sulfate for mannitol production in cashew apple juice. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Papini M, Nookaew I, Uhlén M, Nielsen J. Scheffersomyces stipitis: a comparative systems biology study with the Crabtree positive yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Cell Fact 2012; 11:136. [PMID: 23043429 PMCID: PMC3528450 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-11-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scheffersomyces stipitis is a Crabtree negative yeast, commonly known for its capacity to ferment pentose sugars. Differently from Crabtree positive yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the onset of fermentation in S. stipitis is not dependent on the sugar concentration, but is regulated by a decrease in oxygen levels. Even though S. stipitis has been extensively studied due to its potential application in pentoses fermentation, a limited amount of information is available about its metabolism during aerobic growth on glucose. Here, we provide a systems biology based comparison between the two yeasts, uncovering the metabolism of S. stipitis during aerobic growth on glucose under batch and chemostat cultivations. RESULTS Starting from the analysis of physiological data, we confirmed through 13C-based flux analysis the fully respiratory metabolism of S. stipitis when growing both under glucose limited or glucose excess conditions. The patterns observed showed similarity to the fully respiratory metabolism observed for S. cerevisiae under chemostat cultivations however, intracellular metabolome analysis uncovered the presence of several differences in metabolite patterns. To describe gene expression levels under the two conditions, we performed RNA sequencing and the results were used to quantify transcript abundances of genes from the central carbon metabolism and compared with those obtained with S. cerevisiae. Interestingly, genes involved in central pathways showed different patterns of expression, suggesting different regulatory networks between the two yeasts. Efforts were focused on identifying shared and unique families of transcription factors between the two yeasts through in silico transcription factors analysis, suggesting a different regulation of glycolytic and glucoenogenic pathways. CONCLUSIONS The work presented addresses the impact of high-throughput methods in describing and comparing the physiology of Crabtree positive and Crabtree negative yeasts. Based on physiological data and flux analysis we identified the presence of one metabolic condition for S. stipitis under aerobic batch and chemostat cultivations, which shows similarities to the oxidative metabolism observed for S. cerevisiae under chemostat cultivations. Through metabolome analysis and genome-wide transcriptomic analysis several differences were identified. Interestingly, in silico analysis of transciption factors was useful to address a different regulation of mRNAs of genes involved in the central carbon metabolism. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the metabolism of S. stiptis is investigated in details and is compared to S. cerevisiae. Our study provides useful results and allows for the possibility to incorporate these data into recently developed genome-scaled metabolic, thus contributing to improve future industrial applications of S. stipitis as cell factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Papini
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE, 412 96, Sweden
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Comparative Metabolomic Study of Penicillium chrysogenum During Pilot and Industrial Penicillin Fermentations. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:1223-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9852-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Son H, Lee J, Lee YW. Mannitol induces the conversion of conidia to chlamydospore-like structures that confer enhanced tolerance to heat, drought, and UV in Gibberella zeae. Microbiol Res 2012; 167:608-15. [PMID: 22580127 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fungi use mannitol to store carbon, balance redox, and mannitol serves as an antioxidant. Several fungi also increase stress tolerance by accumulating mannitol. The results of this study showed that conidia of the cereal head blight fungus Gibberella zeae were readily changed to chlamydospore-like structures (CLS) in cultures supplemented with high amounts of mannitol. CLS cellular features were atypical of chlamydospores, but accumulated high levels of glycogen, lipids, and chitin in the cytoplasm. In addition, CLS exhibited increased tolerance to environmental stresses, including UV, heat, and drought compared to normal conidia. Molecular approaches revealed that several genes associated with lipid metabolism, signal transduction, acetyl-CoA production, and chitin synthesis were involved in CLS formation. This is the first report to characterize conidia modifications similar to chlamydospores in G. zeae applying histological and molecular approaches. The results suggest CLS serve a role in G. zeae survival strategies under hot and dry field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hokyoung Son
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
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Wang ZL, Lu JD, Feng MG. Primary roles of two dehydrogenases in the mannitol metabolism and multi-stress tolerance of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Environ Microbiol 2011; 14:2139-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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